2002 Nissan Altima Owners Manual

become involved in serious acci- dents.

3. To help prevent the vehicle from rolling into traffic when parked on an incline, it is a good practice to turn the wheels as illustrated.

c HEADED DOWNHILL WITH CURB: s1
Turn the wheels into the curb and move the vehicle forward until the curb side wheel gently touches the curb.

Starting and driving 5-17

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POWER STEERING

BRAKE SYSTEM

c HEADED UPHILL WITH CURB: s2

Turn the wheels away from the curb and move the vehicle back until the curb side wheel gently touches the curb.

c HEADED UPHILL OR DOWNHILL, NO

CURB: s3
Turn the wheels toward the side of the road so the vehicle will move away from the center of the road if it moves.

4. Turn the ignition key to the LOCK posi-

tion and remove the key.

The power assisted steering is designed to use a hydraulic pump, driven by the engine, to assist steering. If the engine stops or the hydraulic pump drive belt breaks, you will still have control of the vehicle. However, much greater steer- ing effort is needed, especially in sharp turns and at low speeds.

WARNING

If the engine is not running or is turned off while driving, the power assist for the steering will not work. Steering will be much harder to operate.

5-18 Starting and driving

The brake system has two separate hydraulic circuits. If one circuit malfunctions, you will still have braking at two wheels. BRAKING PRECAUTIONS Vacuum assisted brake The brake booster aids braking by using engine vacuum. If the engine stops, you can stop the vehicle by depressing the brake pedal. However, greater foot pressure on the brake pedal will be required to stop the vehicle and stopping distance will be longer. Using the brakes Avoid resting your foot on the brake pedal while driving. This overheats the brakes, increases wear on the brake linings and pads, and reduces gas mileage. To help save the brakes and to prevent the brakes from overheating, reduce speed and downshift to a lower gear before going down a slope or long grade. Overheated brakes may reduce braking performance and could result in loss of vehicle control. Parking brake bedding The parking brake shoes must be ‘‘bedded down’’ whenever the stopping effect of the

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parking brake is weakened or whenever the parking brake shoes and/or drums are re- placed, in order to assure the best braking performance. This procedure is described in the Vehicle service manual and can be performed by your NISSAN dealer.

WARNING

c While driving on a slippery surface, be careful when braking, accelerating or downshifting. Abrupt braking or accelerating could cause the wheels to skid and result in an accident.

c If the engine is not running or is turned off while driving, the power assist for the brakes will not work. Braking will be harder.

Wet brakes When the vehicle is washed or driven through water, the brakes may get wet. As a result, your braking distance will be longer and the vehicle may pull to one side during braking. To dry brakes, drive the vehicle at a safe speed while lightly pressing the brake pedal

the to heat-up the brakes. Do this until brakes return to normal. Avoid driving the vehicle at high speeds until the brakes function correctly. ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM (ABS) (if so equipped) The anti-lock brake system installed in some models controls the brakes at each wheel so the wheels do not lock when braking abruptly or when braking on slip- pery surfaces. The system detects the rota- tion speed at each wheel and varies the brake fluid pressure to prevent each wheel from locking and sliding. By preventing wheel lockup, the system helps the driver maintain steering control and helps to mini- mize swerving and spinning on slippery surfaces. Using the system Depress the brake pedal and hold it down.

WARNING

Do not pump the brake pedal. Doing so may result in increased stopping dis- tances.

Normal operation The anti-lock brake system does not oper- ate at speeds below 3 to 6 MPH (5 to 10
km/h). The speeds vary according to road conditions. When the anti-lock system senses that one or more wheels are close to locking up, the actuator (under the hood) rapidly applies and releases hydraulic pres- sure (like pumping the brakes very quickly). While the actuator is working, you may feel a pulsation in the brake pedal and hear a noise or vibration from the actuator under the hood. This is normal and indicates that the anti-lock system is working properly. However, the pulsation may indicate that road conditions are hazardous and extra care is required while driving. Self-test feature The anti-lock brake system is sophisticated, with electronic sensors, electric pumps, and hydraulic solenoids controlled by a com- puter. The computer has a built-in diagnos- tic feature that tests the system each time you start the engine and move the vehicle at a low speed in forward or reverse. When the self-test occurs, you may hear a ‘‘clunk’’ noise and/or feel a pulsation in the brake pedal. This is normal and is not an indica- Starting and driving 5-19

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c Tire type and condition of tires may

also affect braking effectiveness. When replacing tires, specified size of wheels.

install tire on all

the four

c When installing a spare tire, make sure it is the proper size and type as specified on the tire placard. For tire placard location information, refer to “Tire placard” in the ‘‘Technical and consumer information’’ section of this manual.

Refer to ‘‘Wheels and tires’’ in the ‘‘Maintenance and do-it-yourself’’ sec- tion of this manual.

If

the computer tion of any malfunction. senses any malfunction, it switches the anti- lock brake system OFF and turns on the ABS brake warning light in the dashboard. The brake system then operates normally, but without anti-lock assistance. If the light comes on during the self-test or while driving, take the vehicle to an autho- rized NISSAN dealer for repair.

WARNING

The anti-lock brake system is a sophis- ticated device, but it cannot prevent accidents resulting from careless or dangerous driving techniques. It can help maintain vehicle control during braking on slippery surfaces, but re- member that the stopping distance on slippery surfaces will be longer than on normal surfaces, even with the anti- lock brake system. Stopping distances may also be longer on rough, gravel or snow covered roads, or if you are using tire chains. Always maintain a safe dis- tance from the vehicle in front of you. Ultimately, the responsibility for safety of self and others rests in the hands of the driver.

5-20 Starting and driving

TRACTION CONTROL SYSTEM (TCS)

When driving on slippery surfaces or sud- denly avoiding obstacles on roads, the ve- hicle might swerve or slip. With the vehicle traction control system, sensors detect these movements and control the braking and engine output to help improve vehicle stability while driving. c When the traction control system is op- erating, the slip indicator in the instru- ment panel blinks.

c If the slip indicator blinks, the vehicle is under slippery conditions. Be sure to drive carefully. See “Slip indicator light”, and “traction control off indicator light” in the “Instruments and controls” section. c If a malfunction occurs in the system, indicator lights come

the on in the meter panel. As long as these warning lights are on, the traction control function is canceled. The vehicle will behave like a vehicle without the system.

and

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c If tires other than the recommended ones are used, the traction control system may not operate properly or indicator light may come on. the c The traction control system is not a substitute for winter tires or tire chains on a snow covered road.

WARNING

c The traction control system is de- signed to help improve driving sta- bility but does not prevent accidents due to abrupt steering operation at high speeds or by careless or dan- gerous driving techniques. Reduce vehicle speed and be especially careful when driving and cornering on slippery surfaces and always drive carefully.

c If suspension parts such as shock absorbers, struts, springs and bush- ings are not standard equipment or are extremely deteriorated, the trac- tion control off indicator light may come on.

c When driving on extremely inclined surfaces such as higher banked cor- ners, the traction control system may not operate properly or the indicator light may come on. Do not drive on these types of roads.

COLD WEATHER DRIVING

FREEING A FROZEN DOOR LOCK To prevent a door lock from freezing, apply de-icer or glycerin through the key hole. If the lock becomes frozen, heat the key be- fore inserting it into the key hole. ANTI-FREEZE In the winter when it is anticipated that the temperature will drop below 32°F (0°C), check the anti-freeze (ethylene glycol base) to assure proper winter protection. For de- tails, see ‘‘Engine cooling system’’ in the ‘‘Do-it-yourself’’ section. BATTERY If fully charged during extremely cold weather conditions, the bat- tery fluid may freeze and damage the bat- tery. To maintain maximum efficiency, the battery should be checked regularly. For details, see ‘‘Battery’’ in the ‘‘Maintenance and do-it-yourself ’’ section. DRAINING OF COOLANT WATER If the vehicle is to be left outside without anti-freeze, drain the cooling system by opening the drain valves located under the Starting and driving 5-21

the battery is not

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radiator and on the engine block. Refill before operating the vehicle. See ‘‘Chang- ing engine coolant’’ in the ‘‘Maintenance and do-it-yourself’’ section. TIRE EQUIPMENT 1. SUMMER tires have a tread designed to provide superior performance on dry pavement. However, the performance of these tires will be substantially reduced in snowy and icy conditions. If you oper- ate your vehicle on snowy or icy roads, NISSAN recommends the use of MUD & SNOW or ALL SEASON tires on all four wheels. Please consult an authorized NISSAN dealer for the tire type, size, speed rating and availability information. 2. For additional traction on icy roads, stud- ded tires may be used. However, some U.S. States and Canadian Provinces pro- hibit their use. Check local, state and provincial laws before installing studded tires.

Skid and traction capabilities of studded snow tires, on wet or dry surfaces, may be poorer than that of non-studded snow tires. 3. Tire chains may be used. Make sure they 5-22 Starting and driving

are the proper size for the tires on your vehicle and are installed according to the chain manufacturer’s suggestions.

1. A scraper and stiff-bristled brush to re- move ice and snow from the windows and wiper blades.

Use of tire chains may be prohibited accord- ing to location. Check the local laws before installing tire chains. When installing tire chains, make sure they are of proper size for the tires on your vehicle and are installed according to the chain manufacturer’s sug- gestions. Use only SAE Class ‘‘S’’ chains. Other types may damage your vehicle. Use chain tensioners when recommended by the tire chain manufacturer to ensure a tight fit. Loose end links of the tire chain must be secured or removed to prevent the possibil- ity of whipping action damage to the fenders or underbody. If possible, avoid fully loading your vehicle when using tire chains. In ad- dition, drive at a reduced speed. Otherwise, your vehicle may be damaged and/or ve- hicle handling and performance may be adversely affected. Never install tire chains on spare tires. Do not use tire chains on dry roads. SPECIAL WINTER EQUIPMENT It is recommended that the following items be carried in the vehicle during winter:

2. A sturdy, flat board to be placed under

the jack to give it firm support.

3. A shovel to dig the vehicle out of snow-

drifts.

4. Extra window washer fluid to refill the

reservoir tank.

DRIVING ON SNOW OR ICE

WARNING

c Wet ice (32°F, 0°C and freezing rain), very cold snow or ice can be slick and very hard to drive on. The ve- hicle will have much less traction or ‘‘grip’’ under these conditions. Try to avoid driving on wet ice until the road is salted or sanded.

c Whatever the condition, drive with caution. Accelerate and slow down with care. If accelerating or down- shifting too fast, the drive wheels will lose even more traction.

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WARNING

Do not use your heater with an un- grounded electrical system or two- pronged (cheater) adapters. You can be injured by an electrical shock if you use an ungrounded connection.

c Allow more stopping distance under these conditions. Braking should be started sooner than on dry pavement. c Allow greater following distances on

slippery roads.

c Watch for slippery spots (glare ice). These may appear on an otherwise clear road in shaded areas. If a patch of ice is seen ahead, brake before reaching it. Try not to brake while on the ice, and avoid any sudden steer- ing maneuvers.

c Do not use the cruise control on

slippery roads.

c Snow can trap dangerous exhaust gases under your vehicle. Keep snow clear of the exhaust pipe and from around your vehicle.

ENGINE BLOCK HEATER (if so equipped) An engine block heater to assist extreme cold temperature starting is available through an authorized NISSAN dealer.

Starting and driving 5-23

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MEMO

5-24 Starting and driving

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6 In case of emergency

Flat tire ...................................................................6-2
Changing a flat tire............................................6-2
Jump starting..........................................................6-6
Push starting ..........................................................6-8
If your vehicle overheats........................................6-8

Towing your vehicle ...............................................6-9
Towing recommended by Nissan....................6-10
Vehicle recovery (freeing a stuck vehicle) ............................................................6-11

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WARNING

c Make sure the parking brake is se- curely applied and the manual trans- mission is shifted into R (Reverse), or the automatic transmission into P (Park).

c Never change tires when the vehicle is on a slope, ice or slippery areas. This is hazardous.

c Never change tires if oncoming traf- fic is close to your vehicle. Wait for professional road assistance.

FLAT TIRE

CHANGING A FLAT TIRE If you have a flat tire, follow the instructions below: Stopping the vehicle 1. Safely move the vehicle off of the road

and away from traffic.

2. Turn on the hazard warning flashers. 3. Park on a level surface and apply the parking brake. Shift the manual transmis- sion into R (Reverse), or the automatic transmission into P (Park).

4. Turn off the engine. 5. Raise the hood to warn other traffic, and to signal professional road assistance personnel that you need assistance.

6. Have all passengers get out of the ve- hicle and stand in a safe place, away from traffic and clear of the vehicle.

6-2 In case of emergency

MCE0001

Blocking wheels Place suitable blocks at both the front and back of the wheel diagonally opposite the flat tire to prevent the vehicle from rolling when it is jacked up.

WARNING

Be sure to block the wheel as the ve- hicle may move and result in personal injury.

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LCE0022

LCE0021

CE1089

Getting the spare tire and tools Open the trunk. Lift the trunk floor carpeting and spare tire cover. Remove the jack and wheel nut wrench from the tool box. Re- move the spare tire.

Jacking up vehicle and removing the damaged tire

WARNING

c Never get under the vehicle while it

is supported only by the jack.

c Use only the jack provided with your vehicle. Do not use the jack provided with your vehicle on other vehicles. The jack is designed for lifting only your vehicle during a tire change.

In case of emergency 6-3

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c Use the correct

jack-up points. Never use any other part of the ve- hicle for jack support.

c Never jack up the vehicle more than

necessary.

c Never use blocks on or under the

jack.

c Do not start or run engine while vehicle is on the jack. It may cause the vehicle to move. This is espe- cially true for vehicles with limited slip differential carriers.

c Do not allow passengers to stay in

the vehicle while it is on the jack.

c Never run the engine with the wheels It may cause the

off the ground. vehicle to move.

The wheel covers are held on by the wheel nuts. The wheel cover will be re- moved along with the wheel when the nuts are removed. Carefully read the caution label attached to the jack body and the following in- structions: 1. Loosen each wheel nut one or two turns 6-4 In case of emergency

LCE0020

3. To lift the vehicle, securely hold the jack lever and rod with both hands as shown. Carefully raise the vehicle until the tire clears the ground. Remove the wheel nuts, and then remove the tire.

by turning them counterclockwise with the wheel nut wrench. Do not remove the wheel nuts until the tire is off the ground.

2. Place the jack directly under the jack-up point as illustrated above so the top of the jack contacts the vehicle at the jack-up point. Align the jack head be- tween the two notches in the front or the rear as shown. Also fit the groove of the jack head between the notches as shown. The jack should be used on firm and level ground.

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WCE0024

Installing the spare tire The spare tire is designed for emergency use. See specific instructions under the heading ‘‘Wheels and tires’’ in the ‘‘Main- tenance and do-it-yourself’’ section. 1. Clean any mud or dirt from the surface

between the wheel and hub.

2. Carefully put the spare tire on. Install and

tighten the wheel nuts by hand.

3. With the wheel nut wrench, tighten wheel nuts alternately and evenly until they are tight.

4. Lower the vehicle slowly until

the tire touches the ground. Then, with the wheel nut wrench, tighten the wheel nuts se- curely in the sequence illustrated. Lower the vehicle completely.

WARNING

c Incorrect wheel nuts or improperly tightened wheel nuts can cause the wheel to become loose or come off. This could cause an accident.

c Do not use oil or grease on the wheel studs or nuts. This could cause the nuts to become loose.

c Retighten the wheel nuts when the vehicle has been driven for 600 miles (1,000 km) (also in cases of a flat tire, etc.).

As soon as possible, tighten the wheel nuts to the specified torque with a torque wrench. Wheel nut tightening torque:

80 ft-lb (108 Nzm)

Adjust tire pressure to the COLD pres- sure. COLD pressure: After vehicle has been parked for three hours or more or driven less than 1 mile (1.6 km). COLD tire pressures are shown on the tire placard affixed to the driver’s door, center pillar. 5. With the spare tire installed on the ve- hicle, place the damaged tire in the spare tire storage area. Put the jack rod and wheel nut wrench in the tool bag and place the tool bag in the spare tire stor- age area.

6. Place the spare tire cover and the trunk

floor carpeting over the damaged tire.

7. Install the jack in its storage area. 8. Close the trunk.

WARNING

c Always make sure that the spare tire and jacking equipment are properly secured after use. Such items can become dangerous projectiles in an accident or sudden stop.

In case of emergency 6-5

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c The spare tire is designed for emer- gency use. See specific instructions under the heading ‘‘Wheels and tires’’ in the ‘‘Maintenance and do-it- yourself’’ section of this manual.

JUMP STARTING

To start your engine with a booster battery, the instructions and precautions below must be followed.

WARNING

c If done incorrectly, jump starting can lead to a battery explosion, resulting in severe injury or death. It could also damage your vehicle.

c Explosive hydrogen gas is always present in the vicinity of the battery. Keep all sparks and flames away from the battery.

c Do not allow battery fluid to come into contact with eyes, skin, clothing or painted surfaces. Battery fluid is a corrosive sulfuric acid solution which can cause severe burns. If the fluid should come into contact with anything, immediately flush the con- tacted area with water.

c Keep the battery out of the reach of

children.

c The booster battery must be rated at 12 volts. Use of an improper rated battery can damage your vehicle.

c Whenever working on or near a bat- tery, always wear suitable eye pro- tectors (for example, goggles or in- dustrial and remove rings, metal bands, or any other jewelry. Do not lean over the battery when jump starting.

spectacles)

safety

c Do not attempt to jump start a frozen battery. It could explode and cause serious injury.

c Your vehicle has an automatic en- gine cooling fan. It could come on at any time. Keep hands and other ob- jects away from it.

6-6 In case of emergency

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Always follow the instructions below. Failure to do so could result in damage to the charging system and cause per- sonal injury. 1. If the booster battery is in another ve- hicle, position the two vehicles to bring their batteries into close proximity to each other. Do not allow the two vehicles to touch.

2. Apply the parking brake. Move the shift selector lever to N (Neutral) (manual transmission) or to P (Park) (automatic transmission). Switch off all unncessary

ACE1013

electrical systems (lights, heater, air con- ditioner, etc.).

3. Remove vent caps on the battery (if so equipped). Cover the battery with an old cloth to reduce explosion hazard.

4. Connect jumper cables in the sequence

as illustrated.

CAUTION

c Always connect positive (+) to posi- tive (+) and negative (−) to body ground (for example, strut mounting

bolt, engine lift bracket, etc.) — not to the battery.

c Make sure the jumper cables do not touch moving parts in the engine com- partment and that the cable clamps do not contact any other metal.

5. Start the engine of the booster vehicle

and let it run for a few minutes.

6. Keep the engine speed of the booster vehicle at about 2,000 rpm, and start the engine of the vehicle being jump started.

CAUTION

Do not keep starter motor engaged for more than 10 seconds. If the engine does not start right away, turn the key off and wait 3 to 4 seconds before trying again.

7. After starting the engine, carefully dis- connect the negative cable and then the positive cable.

8. Replace the vent caps (if so equipped). Be sure to dispose of the cloth used to cover the vent holes as it may be con- taminated with corrosive acid.

In case of emergency 6-7

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PUSH STARTING

CAUTION

c Automatic transmission models can- not be push started. This may cause transmission damage.

c Three way catalyst equipped models should not be started by pushing. The three way catalyst may be dam- aged.

c Never try to start the vehicle by tow- ing it. When the engine starts, the forward surge could cause the ve- hicle to collide with the tow vehicle.

6-8 In case of emergency

3. Get out of the vehicle. Look and listen for steam or coolant escaping from the ra- diator before opening the hood. Wait until no steam or coolant can be seen before proceeding.

4. Open the engine hood.

WARNING

If steam or water is coming from the engine, stand clear to prevent getting burned.

5. Visually check drive belts for damage or looseness. Also check if the cooling fan is running. The radiator hoses and radia- tor should not leak water. If coolant is leaking, the water pump belt is missing or loose, or the cooling fan does not run, stop the engine.

IF YOUR VEHICLE OVERHEATS

If your vehicle is overheating (indicated by an extremely high temperature gauge reading), or if you feel a lack of engine power, detect abnormal noise, etc., take the following steps:

WARNING

c Do not continue to drive if your ve- hicle overheats. Doing so could cause a vehicle fire.

c To avoid the danger of being scalded, never remove the radiator cap while the engine is still hot. When the radiator cap is removed, pressurized hot water will spurt out, possibly causing serious injury.

c Do not open the hood if steam is

coming out.

1. Move the vehicle safely off

the road, apply the parking brake and move the shift lever to N (Neutral) (manual trans- mission) or to P (Park) (automatic trans- mission). Do not stop the engine.

2. Turn off the air conditioner. Open all the windows, move the heater or air condi- tioner temperature control to maximum hot and fan control to high speed.

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WARNING

Be careful not to allow your hands, hair, jewelry or clothing to come into contact with, or get caught in, engine belts or the engine cooling fan. The engine cooling fan motor can start at any time when the coolant temperature is high.

6. After the engine cools down, check the coolant level in the reservoir tank with the engine running. Add coolant to the res- ervoir tank if necessary. Have your ve- hicle repaired at an authorized NISSAN dealer.

TOWING YOUR VEHICLE

When towing your vehicle, all State (Provin- cial in Canada) and local regulations for tow- ing must be followed. Incorrect towing equip- ment could damage your vehicle. Towing instructions are available from an authorized NISSAN dealer. Local service operators will generally be familiar with the applicable laws and procedures for towing. To assure proper towing and to prevent accidental damage to your vehicle, NISSAN recommends having a service operator tow your vehicle. It is advis- able to have the service operator carefully read the following precautions:

WARNING

c Never ride in a vehicle that is being

towed.

c Never get under your vehicle after it

has been lifted by a tow truck.

CAUTION

c When towing, make sure that the transmission, axles, steering system and powertrain are in working con- dition. If any unit is damaged, dollies must be used.

c Always attach safety chains before

towing.

ACE0511

In case of emergency 6-9

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TOWING RECOMMENDED BY NISSAN NISSAN recommends that your vehicle be towed with the driving (front) wheels off the ground or place the vehicle on a flat bed truck as illustrated.

ACE1001

CAUTION

c Never tow automatic transmission models with the front wheels on the ground or four wheels on the ground (forward or backward), as this may cause serious and expensive dam- age to the transmission. If it is nec- essary to tow the vehicle with the rear wheels raised, always use tow- ing dollies under the front wheels.

c When towing automatic transmis- sion models with the front wheels on

6-10 In case of emergency

towing dollies, or when towing manual transmission models with the front wheels on the ground: c Turn the ignition key to the OFF position, and secure the steering wheel in a straight-ahead position with a rope or similar device. Never place the ignition key in the LOCK position. This will result in damage to the steering lock mechanism.

c Move the gearshift lever to the N

(Neutral) position.

c When towing automatic or manual transmission models with the rear wheels on the ground (if you do not use towing dollies): Always release the parking brake.

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WCE0023

VEHICLE RECOVERY (Freeing a stuck vehicle) Front c Use the towing hook only, not other parts of the vehicle. Otherwise, the ve- hicle body will be damaged.

c Use the towing hook only to free a vehicle stuck in sand, snow, mud, etc. Never tow the vehicle for a long distance using only the towing hook.

c The towing hook is under tremendous force when used to free a stuck vehicle.

WARNING

Do not spin your tires at high speed. This could cause them to explode and result in serious injury. Parts of your vehicle could also overheat and be damaged.

Always pull the cable straight out from the front or rear of the vehicle. Never pull on the hook at an angle.

c Stand clear of a stuck vehicle. Rear c Tow chains or cables must be attached only to the main structural members of the vehicle.

c Pulling devices should be routed so they do not touch any part of the suspension, steering, brake or cooling systems.

c Always pull the cable straight out from the front or rear of the vehicle. Never pull on the vehicle at an angle.

c Pulling devices such as ropes or canvas straps are not recommended for use in vehicle towing or recovery.

In case of emergency 6-11

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MEMO

6-12 In case of emergency

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7 Appearance and care

Cleaning exterior ....................................................7-2
Washing.............................................................7-2
Waxing...............................................................7-2
Removing spots.................................................7-3
Underbody .........................................................7-3
Glass..................................................................7-3
Aluminum alloy wheels......................................7-4
Chrome parts.....................................................7-4
Cleaning interior .....................................................7-4

Floor mats..........................................................7-4
Seat belts ..........................................................7-5
Corrosion protection...............................................7-5

Most common factors contributing to vehicle corrosion................................................7-5
Environmental factors influence the rate of corrosion........................................................7-5
To protect your vehicle from corrosion .............7-6

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CLEANING EXTERIOR

MAI0001

In order to maintain the appearance of your vehicle, it is important to take proper care of it. In the following cases, please wash your vehicle as soon as possible to protect the paint surface: c after a rainfall to prevent possible dam-

age from acid rain.

c after driving on coastal roads. c when contaminants such as soot, bird droppings, tree sap, metal particles or bugs get on the paint surface.

7-2 Appearance and care

c when dust or mud builds up on the surface. Whenever possible, store or park your ve- hicle inside a garage or in a covered area. When it is necessary to park outside, park in a shady area or protect the vehicle with a body cover. Be careful not to scratch the paint sur- face when putting on or removing the body cover. WASHING Wash dirt off with a wet sponge and plenty of water. Clean the vehicle thoroughly using a mild soap, a special vehicle soap or general purpose dishwashing liquid mixed with clean, lukewarm (never hot) water.

CAUTION

c Do not wash the vehicle with strong household soap, strong chemical detergents, gasoline or solvents.

c Do not wash the vehicle in direct sunlight or while the vehicle body is hot, as the surface may become water-spotted.

c Avoid using tight-napped or rough cloths, such as washing mitts. Care must be taken when removing caked-on dirt or other foreign sub- stances so that the paint surface is not scratched or damaged.

Rinse the vehicle thoroughly with plenty of clean water. Inside flanges, seams and folds on the doors, hatches and hood are particularly vulnerable to the effects of road salt. There- fore, these areas must be regularly cleaned. Take care that the drain holes in the lower edge of the door are open. Spray water under the body and in the wheel wells to loosen the dirt and wash away road salt. A damp chamois can be used to dry the vehicle to avoid water spots. WAXING Regular waxing protects the paint surface and helps retain new vehicle appearance. After waxing, polishing is recommended to remove built-up residue and to avoid a ‘‘weathered’’ appearance. Your NISSAN dealer can assist you in

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Before winter and again in the spring, the underseal must be checked and, if neces- sary, retreated.

choosing the proper product. c Wax your vehicle only after a thorough washing. Follow the instructions supplied with the wax.

c Do not use a wax containing any abra- sives, cutting compounds or cleaners that may damage the vehicle finish.

c If the surface does not polish easily, use

a “road tar” remover and wax again.

Machine compounding or aggressive pol- ishing on a base coat/clear coat paint finish may dull the finish or leave swirl marks. REMOVING SPOTS Remove tar and oil spots, industrial dust, insects, and tree sap as quickly as possible from the surface of the paint to avoid lasting damage or staining. Special cleaning prod- ucts are available at an authorized NISSAN dealer or any automotive accessory store. UNDERBODY In areas where road salt is used in winter, the underbody must be cleaned regularly. This will prevent dirt and salt from building up and causing the acceleration of corro- sion on the underbody and suspension.

AAI1001

GLASS When cleaning the rear window, it may be easier to clean if the high-mounted stop light is removed first. Be careful when removing the high- mounted stop light to reduce the risk of damaging the high-mounted stop light wires. The high-mounted stop light must be prop- erly reinstalled before driving your vehicle. Use glass cleaner to remove smoke and dust film from the glass surfaces. It is nor- mal for glass to become coated with a film Appearance and care 7-3

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FLOOR MATS The use of genuine NISSAN floor mats can extend the life of your vehicle carpet and make it easier to clean the interior. No mat- ter what mats are used, be sure they are fitted for your vehicle and are properly positioned in the footwell to prevent inter- ference with pedal operation. Mats should be maintained with regular cleaning and re- placed if they become excessively worn.

CLEANING INTERIOR

Occasionally remove loose dust from the interior trim, plastic parts and seats using a vacuum cleaner or soft brush. Wipe the vinyl and leather surfaces with a clean, soft cloth dampened in mild soap solution, then wipe clean with a dry, soft cloth. Before using any fabric protector, read the manu- facturer’s recommendations. Some fabric protectors contain chemicals that may stain or bleach the seat material. Use a cloth dampened only with water, to clean the meter and gauge lens.

CAUTION

c Never use benzine, thinner, or any

similar material.

c The leather seats should be regu- larly coated with a leather wax like saddle soap. Never use car wax.

c Never use fabric protectors unless recommended by the manufacturer. c Do not use glass or plastic cleaner on meter or gauge lens covers. It may damage the lens cover.

after the vehicle is parked in the hot sun. Glass cleaner and a soft cloth will easily remove this film.

CAUTION

When cleaning the inside of the win- dows, do not use sharp-edged tools, abrasive cleaners or chlorine based disinfectant cleaners. They could dam- age the electrical conductors, radio an- tenna, or rear window defogger ele- ments.

ALUMINUM ALLOY WHEELS Wash regularly, especially during winter months in areas where road salt is used. If not removed, salt could discolor the wheels. CHROME PARTS Clean all chrome parts regularly with a non-abrasive chrome polish to maintain the finish.

7-4 Appearance and care

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SEAT BELTS The seat belts can be cleaned by wiping them with a sponge dampened in a mild soap solution. Allow the belts to dry com- pletely in the shade before using them. See “Seat belt maintenance” in the “Seats, re- straints and supplemental air bag systems” section of this owner’s manual.

WARNING

Do not allow wet seat belts to roll up in the retractor. NEVER use bleach, dye, or chemical solvents to clean the seat belts, since these may severely weaken the seat belt webbing.

LAI0003

Floor mat positioning aid (Driver’s side only) This vehicle includes a front floor mat bracket to act as a floor mat positioning aid. NISSAN floor mats have been specially designed for your vehicle model. The driv- er’s side floor mat has a grommet hole incorporated in it. Position the mat by plac- ing the floor mat bracket hook through the floor mat grommet hole while centering the mat in the footwell. Periodically check to make certain the mats are properly positioned.

CORROSION PROTECTION

MOST COMMON FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO VEHICLE CORROSION 1. The accumulation of moisture-retaining dirt and debris in body panel sections, cavities, and other areas.

2. Damage to paint and other protective coatings caused by gravel and stone chips or minor traffic accidents.

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IN- FLUENCE THE RATE OF COR- ROSION Moisture Accumulation of sand, dirt and water on the vehicle body underside can accelerate cor- rosion. Wet floor coverings will not dry com- pletely inside the vehicle, and should be removed for drying to avoid floor panel corrosion. Relative humidity Corrosion will be accelerated: c in areas of high relative humidity. c in areas where the temperatures stay

above freezing.

Appearance and care 7-5

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c where atmospheric pollution exists. c where road salt is used. Temperature A temperature increase accelerates the rate of corrosion to those parts which are not well ventilated. Air pollution Industrial pollution, the presence of salt in the air in coastal areas, or heavy road salt use accelerates the corrosion process. Road salt also accelerates the disintegra- tion of paint surfaces. TO PROTECT YOUR VEHICLE FROM CORROSION c wash and wax your vehicle often to keep

the vehicle clean.

c always check for minor damage to the paint and repair it as soon as possible. c keep drain holes at the bottom of the doors open to avoid water accumulation. c check the underbody for accumulation of sand, dirt or salt. If present, wash with water as soon as possible.

7-6 Appearance and care

CAUTION

c NEVER remove dirt, sand or other debris from the passenger compart- ment by washing it out with a hose. Remove dirt with a vacuum cleaner or broom.

c Never allow water or other liquids to come in contact with electronic com- ponents inside the vehicle as this may damage them.

Chemicals used for road surface de-icing are extremely corrosive. They accelerate corrosion and deterioration of underbody components such as the exhaust system, fuel and brake lines, brake cables, floor pan and fenders. In winter, cleaned periodically. For additional protection against rust and corrosion, which may be required in some areas, consult an authorized NISSAN dealer.

the underbody must be

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MEMO

Appearance and care 7-7

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8 Maintenance and do-it-yourself

Maintenance requirements.....................................8-2
General maintenance.............................................8-3

Explanation of general maintenance items ..................................................................8-3
Maintenance precautions .......................................8-5
Engine compartment check locations QR engine.....................................................................8-7
Engine compartment check locations VQ engine.....................................................................8-8
Engine cooling system ...........................................8-9
Checking engine coolant level ..........................8-9
Changing engine coolant ................................8-10
Engine oil .............................................................8-10
Checking engine oil level ................................8-10
Changing engine oil ........................................8-11
Changing engine oil filter.................................8-13
Automatic transmission fluid ................................8-14
Temperature conditions for checking..............8-14
Power steering fluid..............................................8-15
Brake and clutch fluid...........................................8-16
Brake fluid........................................................8-16
Clutch fluid.......................................................8-16

Window washer fluid ............................................8-17
Battery ..................................................................8-17
Jump starting...................................................8-18
Drive belts ............................................................8-19
Spark plugs ..........................................................8-20
Replacing spark plugs (QR25DE)...................8-20
Replacing spark plugs (VQ35DE) ...................8-20
Air cleaner ............................................................8-21
Cabin air filter (if so equipped)........................8-21
Windshield wiper blades ......................................8-24
Cleaning ..........................................................8-24
Replacing.........................................................8-24
Parking brake and brake pedal............................8-25
Checking parking brake...................................8-25
Checking brake pedal .....................................8-25
Brake booster ..................................................8-26
Clutch pedal .........................................................8-26
Checking clutch pedal .....................................8-26
Fuses....................................................................8-27
Engine compartment .......................................8-27
Passenger compartment .................................8-28
Keyfob battery replacement .................................8-29

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Lights....................................................................8-30
Headlights........................................................8-30
Front park/turn/sidemarker light ......................8-31
Fog lights.........................................................8-31
Exterior and interior lights ...............................8-32

Wheels and tires ..................................................8-38
Tire pressure ...................................................8-38
Types of tires...................................................8-38
Tire chains.......................................................8-39
Changing tires and wheels..............................8-40

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forms the best job to meet the maintenance requirements on your vehicle — in a reliable and economic way.

MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS

Your new NISSAN has been designed to have minimum maintenance requirements with longer service intervals to save you both time and money. However, some day- to-day and regular maintenance is essential to maintain your NISSAN’s good mechani- cal condition, as well as its emission and engine performance. It is the owner’s responsibility to make sure that the scheduled maintenance, as well as general maintenance, is performed. As the vehicle owner, you are the only one who can ensure that your vehicle receives proper maintenance. You are a vital link in the maintenance chain. Scheduled maintenance For your convenience, both required and optional scheduled maintenance items are described and listed in your “Nissan Service and Maintenance Guide.” You must refer to that guide to ensure that necessary mainte- nance is performed on your Nissan at regu- lar intervals. General maintenance General maintenance includes those items which should be checked during normal 8-2 Maintenance and do-it-yourself

day-to-day operation of the vehicle. They are essential if your vehicle is to continue to operate properly. It is your responsibility to perform these maintenance procedures regularly as prescribed. Performing general maintenance checks re- quire minimal mechanical skill and only a few general automotive tools. These checks or inspections can be done by yourself, a qualified technician or, if you prefer, an authorized NISSAN dealer. Where to go for service If maintenance service is required or your vehicle appears to malfunction, have the systems checked and tuned by an autho- rized NISSAN dealer. NISSAN technicians are well-trained spe- cialists who are kept up-to-date with the latest service information through technical bulletins, service tips, and in-dealership training programs. They are completely qualified to work on NISSAN vehicles before they work on your vehicle, rather than after they have worked on it. You can be confident that an authorized NISSAN dealer’s service department per-

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GENERAL MAINTENANCE

During the normal day-to-day operation of the vehicle, general maintenance should be performed regularly as prescribed in this section. If you detect any unusual sounds, vibrations or smells, be sure to check for the cause or have an authorized NISSAN dealer do it promptly. In addition, you should notify an authorized NISSAN dealer if you think that repairs are required. When performing any checks or mainte- nance work, closely observe the precau- tions in this section. EXPLANATION OF GENERAL MAINTENANCE ITEMS Additional information on the following items with ‘‘*’’ is found later in this sec- tion. Outside the vehicle The maintenance items listed here should be performed from time to time, unless otherwise specified. Tires* Check the pressure with a gauge at least once a month and always prior to long distance trips, including the spare, and ad- just to the specified pressure if necessary.

Check carefully for damage, cuts or exces- sive wear. Wheel nuts* When checking the tires, make sure no wheel nuts are missing, and check for any loose wheel nuts. Tighten if necessary. Tire rotation* Tires should be rotated every 7,500 miles (12,000 km). Wheel alignment and balance If the ve- hicle should pull to either side while driving on a straight and level road, or if you detect uneven or abnormal tire wear, there may be a need for wheel alignment. If the steering wheel or seat vibrates at normal highway speeds, wheel balancing may be needed. Windshield Clean the windshield on a regular basis. Check the windshield at least every six months for cracks or other dam- age. Have a damaged windshield repaired by a qualified repair facility. Windshield wiper blades* Check for cracks or wear if they do not wipe properly. Doors and hood Check that the doors and the hood operate properly. Also ensure that all latches lock securely. Lubricate hinges, latches, latch pins, rollers and links as nec-

essary. Make sure that the secondary latch keeps the hood from opening when the primary latch is released. When driving in areas using road salt or other corrosive materials, check lubrication frequently. Lights* Clean the headlights on a regular basis. Make sure that the headlights, stop lights, tail lights, turn signal lights, and other lights are all operating properly and installed securely. Also check headlight aim. Inside the vehicle The maintenance items listed here should be checked on a regular basis, such as when performing periodic maintenance, cleaning the vehicle, etc. Warning lights and chimes Make sure all warning lights and chimes are operating properly. Windshield wiper and washer* Check that the wipers and washer operate properly and that the wipers do not streak. Windshield defroster Check that the air comes out of the defroster outlets properly and in sufficient quantity when operating the heater or air conditioner.

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Steering wheel Check for changes in the steering conditions, such as excessive free- play, hard steering or strange noises. Seats Check seat position controls such as seat adjusters, seatback recliner, etc. to ensure they operate smoothly and all latches lock securely in every position. Check that the head restraints move up and down smoothly and the locks (if so equipped) hold securely in all latched posi- tions. Seat belts Check that all parts of the seat belt system (e.g., buckles, anchors, adjust- ers and retractors) operate properly and smoothly, and are installed securely. Check the belt webbing for cuts, fraying, wear or damage. Accelerator pedal Check the pedal for smooth operation and make sure the pedal does not catch or require uneven effort. Keep the floor mat away from the pedal. Clutch pedal* Make sure the pedal oper- ates smoothly and check that it has the proper free travel. Brakes Check that the brakes do not pull the vehicle to one side when applied. 8-4 Maintenance and do-it-yourself

Brake pedal and booster* Check the pedal for smooth operation and make sure it has the proper distance under it when de- pressed fully. Check the brake booster func- tion. Be certain to keep the floor mat away from the pedal. Parking brake* Check that the lever has the proper travel and confirm that your vehicle is held securely on a fairly steep hill with only the parking brake applied. Automatic transmission P (Park) posi- tion mechanism Check that the lock re- lease button on the selector lever operates properly and smoothly. On a fairly steep hill check that your vehicle is held securely with the selector lever in the P position without applying any brakes. Under the hood and vehicle The maintenance items listed here should be checked periodically (e.g., each time you check the engine oil or refuel). Windshield washer fluid* Check that there is adequate fluid in the reservoir. Engine oil level* Check the level after parking the vehicle on a level surface with the engine off. Wait more than 10 minutes

for the oil to drain back into the oil pan. Brake and clutch fluid levels* Make sure that the brake and clutch fluid level is be- tween the MIN and MAX lines on the reser- voir. Power steering fluid level* and lines Check the level when the fluid is cold, with the engine off. Check the lines for proper attachment, leaks, cracks, etc. Automatic transmission fluid level* Check the level after putting the selector lever in P with the engine idling at operating temperature. Engine coolant level* Check the coolant level when the engine is cold. Radiator and hoses Check the front of the radiator and clean off any dirt, insects, leaves, etc., that may have accumulated. Make sure the hoses have no cracks, de- formation, rot or loose connections. Engine drive belts* Make sure the drive belts are not frayed, worn, cracked or oily. Battery* Check the fluid level in each cell. It should be between the MAX and MIN lines. Vehicles operated in high temperatures or under severe conditions require frequent

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checks of the battery fluid level. Exhaust system Make sure there are no loose supports, cracks or holes. If the sound of the exhaust seems unusual or there is a smell of exhaust fumes, immediately have the exhaust system inspected by an autho- rized NISSAN dealer. See the carbon mon- oxide warning in the ‘‘Starting and driving’’ section of this manual. Underbody The underbody is frequently exposed to corrosive substances such as those used on icy roads or to control dust. It is very important to remove these sub- stances from the underbody, otherwise rust may form on the floor pan, frame, fuel lines and exhaust system. At the end of winter, the underbody should be thoroughly flushed with plain water, in those areas where mud and dirt may have accumulated. See the ‘‘Appearance and care’’ section of this manual. Fluid leaks Check under the vehicle for fuel, oil, water or other fluid leaks after the vehicle has been parked for a while. Water dripping from the air conditioner after use is normal. If you should notice any leaks or if gasoline fumes are evident, check for the cause and have it corrected immediately.

MAINTENANCE PRECAUTIONS

When performing any inspection or mainte- nance work on your vehicle, always take care to prevent serious accidental injury to yourself or damage to the vehicle. The following are general precautions which should be closely observed.

WARNING

c Park the vehicle on a level surface, apply the parking brake securely and block the wheels to prevent the ve- hicle from moving. For manual trans- mission models, move the shift lever to (N) Neutral. For an automatic transmission models, move the shift selector lever to P (Park).

c Be sure the ignition key is in the OFF or LOCK position when performing any parts replacement or repairs.

c Your vehicle is equipped with an automatic engine cooling fan. It may come on at any time without warn- ing, even if the ignition key is in the OFF position and the engine is not running. To avoid injury, always dis- connect the negative battery cable before working near the fan.

c If you must work with the engine run- ning, keep your hands, clothing, hair and tools away from moving fans, belts and any other moving parts.

c It is advisable to secure or remove any loose clothing and remove any jewelry, such as rings, watches, etc. before working on your vehicle.

c Always wear eye protection when-

ever you work on your vehicle.

c If you must run the engine in an enclosed space such as a garage, be sure there is proper ventilation for exhaust gases to escape.

c Never get under the vehicle while it is supported only by a jack. If it is necessary to work under the vehicle, support it with safety stands.

c Keep smoking materials, flame and sparks away from the fuel tank and battery.

c On gasoline engine models with the multiport fuel injection (MFI) system, the fuel filter or fuel lines should be serviced by an authorized NISSAN

Maintenance and do-it-yourself

8-5

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This ‘‘Maintenance and do-it-yourself’’ sec- tion gives instructions regarding only those items which are relatively easy for an owner to perform. A genuine NISSAN service manual is also available. See ‘‘Owner’s manual/service manual order information’’ in the ‘‘Technical and consumer information’’ section. You should be aware that incomplete or improper servicing may result in operating difficulties or excessive emissions, and could affect your warranty coverage. If in doubt about any servicing, have it done by an authorized NISSAN dealer.

dealer because the fuel lines are under high pressure even when the engine is off.

CAUTION

c Do not work under the hood while the engine is hot. Turn off the engine and wait until it cools down.

c Never connect or disconnect the bat- tery or any transistorized compo- nent while the ignition is in the ON position.

c Never leave the engine or automatic transmission related component harnesses disconnected while the ignition is in the ON position.

c Avoid contact with used engine oil and coolant. Improperly disposed engine oil, engine coolant, and/or other vehicle fluids can damage the environment. Always conform to lo- cal regulations for disposal of ve- hicle fluid.

8-6 Maintenance and do-it-yourself

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ENGINE COMPARTMENT CHECK LOCATIONS QR ENGINE

1. Power steering fluid reservoir 2. Spark plug caps 3. Brake fluid reservoir 4. Clutch fluid reservoir (M/T models) 5. Air cleaner 6. Battery 7. Fuse/fusible link box 8. Transmission dipstick (A/T models) 9. Engine oil dipstick 10. Radiator cap 11. Fuse block 12. Windshield washer fluid reservoir 13. Coolant reservoir 14. Engine oil filler cap NOTE: Engine cover removed for clarity

LDI0073

Maintenance and do-it-yourself

8-7

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ENGINE COMPARTMENT CHECK LOCATIONS VQ ENGINE

1. Power steering fluid reservoir 2. Engine oil filler cap 3. Brake fluid reservoir 4. Clutch fluid reservoir (M/T models) 5. Air cleaner 6. Battery 7. Fuse/fusible link box 8. Transmission dipstick (A/T models) 9. Engine oil dipstick 10. Radiator cap 11. Fuse block 12. Windshield washer fluid reservoir 13. Coolant reservoir NOTE: Engine cover removed for clarity

8-8 Maintenance and do-it-yourself

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WARNING

c Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could be caused by high pressure fluid escaping from the radiator.

c The radiator is equipped with a pres- sure type radiator cap. To prevent engine damage, use only a genuine NISSAN radiator cap.

ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM

The engine cooling system is filled at the factory with a high-quality, year-round, anti- freeze coolant solution. The anti-freeze so- lution contains rust and corrosion inhibitors, therefore additional engine cooling system additives are not necessary.

CAUTION

When adding or replacing coolant, be sure to use only an ethelene glycol anti- freeze with the proper mixture ratio of 50% Genuine Nissan Anti-freeze coolant or equivalent and 50% demineralized or distilled water. The use of other types of coolant solutions may damage the en- gine cooling system.

Outside

temperature

down to

°C

−35

°F

−30

Genuine Nissan

Anti-freeze coolant or equivalent

Demineral- ized or dis- tilled water

50%

50%

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level

CHECKING ENGINE COOLANT LEVEL Check the coolant in the reservoir when the engine is cold. If the coolant level is below MIN, add coolant up to the MAX level. If the reservoir is empty, check the coolant level in the radiator when the en- gine is cold. If there is insufficient coolant in the radiator, fill the radiator with coolant up to the filler opening and also add it to the reservoir up to the MAX level. If the cooling system frequently requires coolant, have it checked by an autho- rized NISSAN dealer.

Maintenance and do-it-yourself

8-9

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CHANGING ENGINE COOLANT An authorized NISSAN dealer can change the engine coolant. The service procedure is found in NISSAN’s Service Manual. Improper servicing can result in reduced heater performance and engine over- heating.

WARNING

c To avoid the danger of being scalded, never change the coolant when the engine is hot.

c Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could be caused by high pressure fluid escaping from the radiator.

c Avoid direct skin contact with used coolant. is made, wash thoroughly with soap or hand cleaner as soon as possible.

If skin contact

c Keep coolant out of reach of children

and pets.

8-10 Maintenance and do-it-yourself

ENGINE OIL

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WDI0146

CHECKING ENGINE OIL LEVEL 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and

apply the parking brake.

2. Start the engine and let it idle until

reaches operating temperature.

it

3. Turn off the engine. Wait more than 10
minutes for the oil to drain back into the oil pan.

4. Remove the dipstick and wipe it clean.

Reinsert it all the way.

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CAUTION

Oil level should be checked regularly. Operating the engine with an insuffi- cient amount of oil can damage the engine, and such damage is not cov- ered by warranty.

LDI0119

level.

5. Remove the dipstick again and check the oil It should be between the H (High) and L (Low) marks. If the oil level is below the L (Low) mark, remove the oil filler cap and pour recommended oil through the opening. Do not overfill. 6. Recheck the oil level with the dipstick. It is normal to add some oil between oil maintenance intervals or during the break-in period, depending on the sever- ity of operating conditions.

WDI0120

CHANGING ENGINE OIL 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and

apply the parking brake.

2. Start the engine and let it idle until

it reaches operating temperature, then turn it off.

3. Remove the oil filler cap. 4. Place a large drain pan under the drain

plug.

5. Remove the drain plug with a wrench and

completely drain the oil.

Maintenance and do-it-yourself

8-11

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Drain plug tightening torque:

22 to 29 ft-lb (29 to 39 Nzm)

Do not overtighten.

7. Refill the engine with a recommended oil through the oil filler opening, then install the oil filler cap securely. See the ‘‘Technical and consumer informa- tion’’ section for drain and refill capacity.

WARNING

c Prolonged and repeated contact with used engine oil may cause skin can- cer.

c Try to avoid direct skin contact with used oil. If skin contact is made, wash thoroughly with soap or hand cleaner as soon as possible.

c Keep used engine oil out of reach of

children.

WDI0123

If the oil filter is to be changed, remove and replace it at this time. See ‘‘Chang- ing engine oil filter’’ later in this section.

CAUTION

Be careful not to burn yourself. The engine oil may be hot.

c Waste oil must be disposed of properly. c Check your local regulations. 6. Clean and reinstall the drain plug and a new washer. Securely tighten the drain plug with a wrench.

8-12 Maintenance and do-it-yourself

The drain and refill capacity depends on the oil temperature and drain time. Use these specifications for reference only. Always use the dipstick to determine when the proper amount of oil is in the engine. 8. Start

leakage around the drain plug. Correct as re- quired.

the engine. Check for

9. Turn the engine off and wait several level with the

minutes. Check the oil dipstick. Add engine oil if necessary.

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WDI0121

WDI0136

CHANGING ENGINE OIL FILTER 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and

apply the parking brake.

2. Turn the engine off. 3. Place a large drain pan under the oil

filter.

4. Loosen the oil

filter wrench. Then, remove the oil filter by turning it by hand.

filter with an oil

CAUTION

Be careful not to burn yourself. The engine oil may be hot.

5. Wipe the engine oil filter mounting sur-

face with a clean rag. Be sure to remove any old gasket mate- rial remaining on the mounting surface of the engine.

6. Coat the gasket on the new filter with

clean engine oil.

7. Screw on the oil filter until a slight resis-

tance is felt, then tighten an additional 2/3 turn.

8. Start the engine and check for leakage around the oil filter. Correct as required. 9. Turn the engine off and wait several minutes. Check the oil level. Add engine oil if necessary.

Maintenance and do-it-yourself

8-13

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AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUID

LDI0122

WDI0147

WARNING

c When the engine is running, keep hands, jewelry and clothing away from any moving parts such as the cooling fan and drive belts.

c Automatic transmission fluid is poi- sonous and should be stored care- fully in marked containers out of the reach of children.

8-14 Maintenance and do-it-yourself

TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS FOR CHECKING c The fluid level should be checked using the HOT range on the dipstick after the following conditions have been met:

— The engine should be warmed up to

operating temperature.

— The vehicle should be driven at least 5

minutes.

— The automatic transmission fluid should be warmed to between 122° and 176°F (50° to 80°C).

c The fluid can be checked at fluid tem- peratures of 86° to 122°F (30 to 50°C) using the COLD range on the dipstick, after the engine is warmed up and before driving. However, the fluid should be re-checked using the HOT range.

1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and

set the parking brake.

2. Start the engine and then move the shift selector lever through each gear range. Move the shift selector lever to P (Park) after you have moved it through all ranges.

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WDI0125

3. Check the fluid level with the engine

idling.

4. Remove the dipstick and wipe it clean

with lint-free paper.

5. Reinsert

the dipstick into the dipstick

tube as far as it will go.

6. Remove the dipstick and note the read- ing. If the level is at the low side of either range, add fluid through the dipstick tube.

CAUTION

DO NOT OVERFILL. USE ONLY NISSAN Matic ‘D’ (Continental U.S. and Alaska) or Canada NISSAN Automatic Trans- mission Fluid. Dexron™ III/Mercon™ or equivalent may also be used. Outside the continental United States and Alaska contact an authorized NISSAN dealership for more information re- garding suitable fluids, including rec- ommended of Dexron™ III/Mercon™ Automatic Transmission Fluid.

brand(s)

NOTE: If the vehicle has been driven for a long time at high speeds, or in city traffic in hot weather, or if it is being used to pull a trailer, the accurate fluid level cannot be read. You should wait until the fluid has cooled down (about 30 minutes).

POWER STEERING FLUID

ADI1117

The fluid level should be checked using the HOT MAX range on the power steering fluid reservoir at fluid temperatures of 122° to 176°F (50° to 80°C) or using the COLD MAX range on the power steering fluid reservoir at fluid temperatures of 32° to 86°F (0 to 30°C).

CAUTION

c DO NOT OVERFILL. c Recommended fluid is Genuine

NISSAN PSF II or equivalent.

Maintenance and do-it-yourself

8-15

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BRAKE AND CLUTCH FLUID

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LDI0080

BRAKE FLUID Check the brake fluid level in the reservoir. If the fluid level is below the MIN line or the brake warning light comes on, add Genuine Nissan Brake Fluid or equivalent DOT 3 fluid up to the MAX line. If fluid must be added frequently, the system should be thoroughly checked by an authorized NISSAN dealer.

CLUTCH FLUID Check the clutch fluid level in the reservoir (manual transmission only). If the fluid level is below the MIN line, add Genuine Nissan Brake Fluid or equivalent DOT 3 fluid up to the MAX line. If fluid must be added fre- quently, the system should be thoroughly checked by an authorized NISSAN dealer. For further brake and clutch fluid specifica- tion information, refer to ‘‘Capacities and recommended fuel/lubricants’’ in the ‘‘Tech- nical and consumer information’’ section of this manual.

8-16 Maintenance and do-it-yourself

WARNING

Use only new fluid from a sealed con-