2003 Toyota Highlander Owners Manual

the

items

listed,

General maintenance Listed below are the general maintenance items that should be performed as fre- quently as specified. In addition to check- ing if you notice any unusual noise, smell or vibration, you should investigate the cause or take your vehicle to your Toyota dealer or a quali- fied service shop immediately. It is recom- mended that any problem you notice be brought to the attention of your dealer or the qualified service shop for their advice.

CAUTION

Make these checks only where ade- quate ventilation can be obtained if you run the engine.

to

time

OUTSIDE THE VEHICLE Items listed below should be performed from time, unless otherwise specified. Tire pressure Check the pressure with a gauge every two weeks, or at least once a month. See page 267 for additional information.

in Section 7−2

to

for

the nuts

according

Tire surface and wheel nuts Check the tires carefully for cuts, damage or excessive wear. See page 268 in Sec- tion 7−2 for additional information. When checking the tires, make sure no nuts are missing, and check loose- ness. Tighten them if necessary. Tire rotation the tires Rotate the schedule. (For scheduled maintenance information, please refer to maintenance the “Scheduled Maintenance Guide” or “Owner’s Manual Supplement”.) See page 270 additional information. Fluid leaks Check underneath for leaking fuel, oil, wa- ter or other the vehicle has been parked for a while. If you smell fuel fumes or notice any leak, have the cause found and corrected immediately. Doors and engine hood Check that all side doors and back door operate smoothly and all latches lock se- curely. Make sure the engine hood sec- ondary latch secures the hood from open- ing when the primary latch is released.

in Section

fluid after

7−2

for

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INSIDE THE VEHICLE Items listed below should be checked regularly, e.g. while performing periodic services, cleaning the vehicle, etc. Lights Make sure the headlights, stop lights, tail lights, turn signal lights, and other lights are all working. Check headlight aim. Service reminder indicators and warning buzzers Check that all service reminder indicators and warning buzzers function properly. Steering wheel Check that it has the specified free play. Be alert for changes in steering condition, such as hard steering or strange noise. Seats Check that all seat controls such as seat adjusters, seatback recliner, etc. operate smoothly and that all latches lock securely in any position. Check that the head re- straints move up and down smoothly and that the locks hold securely in any latched position. For folding−down rear seatbacks, check that the latches lock securely.

Seat belts Check that the seat belt system such as buckles, retractors and anchors operate properly and smoothly. Make sure the belt webbing is not cut, frayed, worn or dam- aged. Accelerator pedal Check the pedal for smooth operation and uneven pedal effort or catching. Brake pedal Check the pedal for smooth operation and that the pedal has the proper clearance. Check the brake booster function. Brakes At a safe place, check that the brakes do not pull to one side when applied. Parking brake Check that the pedal has the proper travel and that, on a safe incline, your vehicle is held securely with only the parking brake applied.

Automatic transmission “Park” mecha- nism Check the lock release button of the se- lector lever for proper and smooth opera- tion. On a safe incline, check that your vehicle is held securely with the selector lever in “P” position and all brakes re- leased. IN THE ENGINE COMPARTMENT Items listed below should be checked from time to time, e.g. each time when refueling. Washer fluid Make sure there is sufficient fluid in the tank. See page 279 in Section 7−3 for additional information. Engine coolant level Make sure the coolant level is between the “F” and “L” lines on the see−through reservoir when the engine is cold. See page 263 for additional information. Radiator, condenser and hoses Check that the front of the radiator and condenser are clean and not blocked with leaves, dirt or insects. See page 264 in Section 7−2 for additional information.

in Section 7−2

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Battery electrolyte level Your Toyota has a maintenance free bat- tery. You do not have to add distilled wa- ter. For longer life of the battery, however, see page 276 for additional information. Brake fluid level Make sure the brake fluid level is correct. See page 264 in Section 7−2 for addition- al information. Engine oil level Check the level on the dipstick with the engine turned off and the vehicle parked on a level spot. See page 260 in Section 7−2 for additional information. Power steering fluid level Check the level through the reservoir. The level should be in the “HOT” or “COLD” range depending on the fluid temperature. See page 265 in Section 7−2 for addition- al information. Exhaust system If you notice any change in the sound of the exhaust or smell exhaust fumes, have the cause located and corrected immedi- ately. (See “Engine exhaust cautions” on page 189 in Section 2.)

tip−offs

for changes

Does your vehicle need repairing? Be on the alert in perfor- mance, sounds, and visual that indicate service is needed. Some impor- tant clues are as follows: D Engine missing, stumbling, or pinging D Appreciable loss of power D Strange engine noises D A leak under the vehicle (however, wa- ter dripping from the air conditioning after use is normal.)

If you notice any of these clues, take your vehicle to your Toyota dealer as soon as possible. It probably needs adjustment or repair.

CAUTION

Do not continue driving with the ve- hicle unchecked. It could result in se- rious vehicle damage and possibly personal injury.

D Change

in exhaust sound (This may indicate a dangerous carbon monoxide leak. Drive with the windows open and have the exhaust system checked im- mediately.)

D Flat−looking tire; excessive tire squeal

when cornering; uneven tire wear

D Vehicle pulls to one side when driving

straight on a level road

D Strange noises related to suspension

movement

D Loss of brake effectiveness; spongy feeling brake pedal; pedal almost touches floor; vehicle pulls to one side when braking

D Engine coolant temperature continually

higher than normal

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The malfunction indicator lamp will go off after taking several driving trips, but the error code in the OBD system will not be cleared unless about 40 trips or more are taken. If your vehicle does not pass the I/M test even the malfunction indicator lamp does not come on, contact your Toyota dealer to prepare the vehicle for re−testing.

indicator

the malfunction

in- include OBD

Emissions Inspection and Maintenance (I/M) programs Some states have vehicle emission spection programs which (On−Board Diagnostics) checks. The OBD system monitors the operation of the emission control system. When the OBD system determines that a problem exists somewhere in the emission control system, lamp comes on. In this case, your vehicle may the I/M test and need to be not pass repaired. Contact your Toyota dealer to service the vehicle. Even lamp does not come on, your vehicle may not pass readiness codes have not been set in the OBD system. Readiness codes are automatically set during ordinary driving. However, when the battery is disconnected or run down, the codes are erased. Also, depending on your driving habits, the codes may not be completely set. Also, if the malfunction indicator lamp had come on recently due to temporary mal- function such as a loose fuel tank cap, your vehicle may not pass the I/M test.

the malfunction

indicator

test as

I/M

the

if

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SECTION 7− 1

DO−IT−YOURSELF MAINTENANCE Introduction Engine compartment overview Fuse locations Do−it−yourself service precautions Positioning the jack Parts and tools

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

252
254
255
256
257

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Engine compartment overview "2AZ−FE engine

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1. Engine coolant reservoir 2. Power steering fluid reservoir 3. Engine oil filler cap 4. Engine oil level dipstick 5. Brake fluid reservoir 6. Fuse blocks 7. Battery 8. Radiator 9. Condenser 10. Electric cooling fans 11. Windshield and rear window washer

fluid tank

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"1MZ−FE engine

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1. Engine coolant reservoir 2. Power steering fluid reservoir 3. Engine oil level dipstick 4. Engine oil filler cap 5. Brake fluid reservoir 6. Fuse blocks 7. Battery 8. Radiator 9. Condenser 10. Electric cooling fans 11. Windshield and rear window washer

fluid tank

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Fuse locations

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Spare fuses

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With daytime running light system

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Do−it−yourself service precautions If you perform maintenance by yourself, be sure to follow the correct procedure given in this section. You should be aware that improper or in- complete servicing may result in operating problems. Performing do−it−yourself maintenance during the warranty period may affect your warranty coverage. Read the separate Toyota Warranty statement for details and suggestions. This section gives for those items that are relatively easy for an owner to perform. As explained in Section 6, there are still a number of items that must be done by a qualified technician with special tools. For information on tools and parts for do− it−yourself maintenance, see “Parts and tools” on page 257 in this section. Utmost care should be taken when work- ing on your vehicle to prevent accidental injury. Here are a few precautions that you should be especially careful to ob- serve:

instructions only

CAUTION

D When the engine is running, keep hands, clothing, and tools away from the moving fan and engine drive rings, watches, and ties is advisable.)

(Removing

belts.

D Right after driving,

the engine compartment—the engine, radiator, exhaust manifold, power steering fluid reservoir and spark plug boots, etc.—will be hot. So be care- ful not to touch them. Oil, fluids and spark plugs may also be hot. D If the engine is hot, do not remove the radiator cap or loosen the drain plugs to prevent burning yourself. D Do not smoke, cause sparks or al- low open flames around fuel or the battery. Their fumes are flammable. D Do not get under your vehicle with just the body jack supporting it. Al- ways use automotive jack stands or other solid supports.

D Be sure that the ignition is off if you work near the electric cooling fans or radiator grille. With the ignition on, the electric cooling fans will automatically start to run if the engine coolant temperature is high and/or the air conditioning is on.

D Use eye protection whenever you work on or under your vehicle where you may be exposed to flying or falling material, fluid spray, etc. D Used engine oil contains potentially harmful contaminants which may cause skin disorders such as in- flammation or skin cancer, so care should be taken to avoid prolonged and repeated contact with it. To re- move used engine oil from your skin, wash thoroughly with soap and water.

D Do not

leave used oil within the

reach of children.

D Dispose of used oil and filter only in a safe and acceptable manner. Do not dispose of used oil and fil- ter in household trash, in sewers or onto the ground. Call your dealer or a service station information concerning recycling or disposal.

for

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Positioning the jack

z Use only spark plugs of the speci- fied type. Using other types will cause engine damage, loss of per- formance or radio noise.

z Do not reuse iridium−tipped spark

plugs by cleaning or regapping.

z Do not overfill automatic transmis- sion fluid and power steering fluid, or transmission and power steering could be damaged.

the

z Do not drive with the air cleaner filter removed, or excessive engine wear could result. Also backfiring could cause a fire in the engine compartment.

z Be careful not to scratch the glass

surface with the wiper frame.

z When closing

the engine hood, check to see that you have not for- gotten any tools, rags, etc.

Front

D Warning: Battery posts,

D Be extremely cautious when work- ing on the battery. It contains poi- sonous and corrosive sulfuric acid. terminals and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling.

cancer

and

NOTICE

z Remember that battery and ignition cable carry high currents or volt- ages. Be careful of accidentally causing a short circuit.

z Add only demineralized or distilled water to fill the radiator. And if you spill some of the coolant, be sure to wash it off with water to prevent it from damaging the parts or paint. z Do not allow dirt or anything else to fall through the spark plug holes.

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Rear (two−wheel drive models)

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D Do not start or run the engine while is supported by the

your vehicle jack.

D Stop the vehicle on a

level firm ground, firmly set the parking brake and put the transmission in “P”. Block the wheels on the opposite side of the jack up point if neces- sary.

D Make sure to set the jack properly in the jack point. Raising the ve- hicle with improperly posi- tioned will damage the vehicle or may allow the vehicle to fall off the jack and cause personal injury.

jack

D Never get under the vehicle when the vehicle is supported by the jack alone; use vehicle support stands. D Do not raise the vehicle with some-

one in the vehicle.

D When raising the vehicle, do not place any objects on top of or un- derneath the jack.

NOTICE

Make sure to place the jack correctly, or your vehicle may be damaged.

Parts and tools Here is a list of parts and tools you will need on performing do−it−yourself mainte- nance. Remember all Toyota parts are de- signed in metric sizes, so your tools must be metric. CHECKING THE ENGINE OIL LEVEL Parts (if level is low): D “Toyota Genuine Motor Oil” or equiva-

lent See page 261 in Section 7−2 for de- tails about engine oil selection.

Tools: D Rag or paper towel D Funnel (only for adding oil) CHECKING THE ENGINE COOLANT LEVEL Parts (if level is low): D “Toyota Genuine Long Life Coolant” or

equivalent See page 263 in Section 7−2 for de- tails about coolant type selection.

D Demineralized or distilled water Tools: D Funnel (only for adding coolant)

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257

Rear (four−wheel drive models)

When jacking up your vehicle with the jack, position jack correctly as shown in the illustrations.

the

CAUTION

When jacking, be sure to observe the following to reduce the possibility of personal injury: D Follow jacking instructions. D Do not put any part of your body under the vehicle supported by the jack. Personal injury may occur.

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ADDING WASHER FLUID Parts: D Water D Washer fluid containing antifreeze

(for winter use)

Tools: D Funnel REPLACING LIGHT BULBS Parts: D Bulb with same number and wattage rating as original in “Replacing light bulbs” on page 280 in Section 7−3.)

charts

(See

Tools: D Screwdriver

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CHECKING BRAKE FLUID Parts (if level is low): D SAE J1703 or FMVSS No.116 DOT 3

brake fluid

Tools: D Rag or paper towel D Funnel (only for adding fluid) CHECKING POWER STEERING FLUID Parts (if level is low): D Automatic

transmission

fluid

DEXRONrII or III

Tools: D Rag or paper towel D Funnel (only for adding fluid) CHECKING BATTERY CONDITION Tools: D Warm water D Baking soda D Grease D Conventional wrench

(for terminal clamp bolts)

CHECKING AND REPLACING FUSES Parts (if replacement is necessary): D Fuse with same amperage rating as

original

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SECTION 7− 2

DO−IT−YOURSELF MAINTENANCE Engine and Chassis Checking the engine oil level Checking the engine coolant level Checking the radiator and condenser Checking brake fluid Checking power steering fluid Checking and replacing the air conditioning filter Checking tire pressure Checking and replacing tires Rotating tires Installing snow tires and chains Replacing wheels Aluminum wheel precautions

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

260
263
264
264
265
266
267
268
270
270
272
273

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Checking the engine oil level

Low level

Full level

Add oil

O.K.

Too full

2AZ−FE engine

Low level

Full level

Add oil

O.K.

Too full

1MZ−FE engine

260

With the engine at operating tempera- ture and turned off, check the oil level on the dipstick. 1. To get a

the vehicle should be on a level spot. After turning off the engine, wait a few minutes for the oil to drain back into the bottom of the engine.

reading,

true

2. Pull the dipstick out, hold a rag under

the end and wipe it clean.

3. Reinsert the dipstick—push it in as far as it will go, or the reading will not be correct.

4. Pull the dipstick out and look at the oil the

level while holding a rag under end.

CAUTION

Be careful not to touch the hot ex- haust manifold.

NOTICE

z Be careful not to drop the engine

oil on the vehicle components.

z To avoid drops of the engine oil falling when you pull out the engine oil dipstick, make sure to hold a rag under the dipstick.

If the oil level is below or only slightly above the low level, add engine oil of the same type as already in the engine. Remove the oil filler cap and add engine oil in small quantities at a time, checking the dipstick. We recommend that you use a funnel when adding oil. The approximate quantity of oil needed to fill between the low level and the full level on the dipstick is indicated below for ref- erence. When the level reaches within the correct range, install the filler cap hand−tight. Oil quantity, L (qt., lmp. qt.):

2AZ−FE engine 1MZ−FE engine

1.0 (1.1, 0.9) 1.5 (1.6, 1.3)

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NOTICE

z Be careful not to spill the engine

oil on the vehicle components.

z Avoid overfilling, or

could be damaged.

the engine

z Check the oil level on the dipstick

once again after adding the oil.

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ENGINE OIL SELECTION “Toyota Genuine Motor Oil” in your Toyota vehicle. Use Toyota approved “Toyota Genuine Motor Oil” or equivalent to grade and viscosity. Oil grade:

following

satisfy

filled

the

is

SAE 5W−30 is the best choice for good fuel economy and good starting in cold weather. is not available, SAE If SAE 5W−30 10W−30 may be used. However, it should be replaced with SAE 5W−30 at the next oil change.

API grade SL “Energy−Conserving” or ILSAC multigrade engine oil

Recommended viscosity:

SAE 5W−30

Outside temperature

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Oil identification marks Either or both API registered marks are added to some oil containers to help you select the oil you should use. The API Service Symbol is located any- where on the outside of the container. The top portion of the label shows the oil quality by API (American Petroleum Insti- tute) designations such as SL. The center portion of the label shows the SAE viscos- ity grade such as SAE 5W−30. “Energy− Conserving” shown in the lower portion, indicates that the oil has fuel−saving ca- pabilities. The ILSAC (International Lubricant Stan- dardization and Approval Committee) Certi- fication Mark is displayed on the front of the container.

API service symbol

for your engine, range

lubrication perfor- “Toyota the is available, tested and

To ensure excellent mance Genuine Motor Oil” which has been specifically approved for all Toyota engines. Please contact your Toyota dealer for fur- ther details of the “Toyota Genuine Motor Oil” range.

ILSAC certification mark

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is on or below

Checking the engine coolant level Look at the see−through coolant reser- voir when the engine is cold. The cool- ant level is satisfactory if it is between the “F” and “L” lines on the reservoir. If the level is low, add ethylene−glycol type coolant for a proper corrosion protection of aluminum components. The coolant level in the reservoir will vary with engine temperature. However, if the level line, add coolant. Bring the level up to the “F” line. Always use ethylene−glycol type coolant for a proper corrosion protection of alumi- num components. See information in the next column. If the coolant level drops within a short time after replenishing, there may be a leak the radiator, hoses, radiator cap and drain cock and water pump. If you can find no leak, have your Toyota dealer test the cap pressure and check for leaks in the cooling system.

the system. Visually check

the “L”

in

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for how much

Read the coolant container for information on freeze protection. Follow the manufac- turer’s directions to mix with plain water (preferably demineralized water or distilled water). The total capacity of the cooling system is given on page 288 in Section 8. We recommend to use 50% solution for your Toyota, to provide protection down to about −35_C (−31_F). When it is extreme- ly cold, to about −50_C (−58_F), 60% solution is rec- ommended. Do not use more than 70% solution for better coolant performance.

to provide protection down

NOTICE

Do not use alcohol type antifreeze or plain water alone.

CAUTION

To prevent burning yourself, do not remove the radiator cap when the en- gine is hot.

Coolant type selection Use of improper coolants may damage your engine cooling system. Your coolant must contain ethylene−glycol type coolant for a proper corrosion protection of your engine that contains aluminum compo- nents. We have used “Toyota Genuine Long Life Coolant” in your Toyota vehicle. In order to avoid technical problems, we strongly recommend using “Toyota Genuine Long Life Coolant” or equivalent. In addition to preventing freezing and sub- sequent damage to the engine, this type of coolant will also prevent corrosion. Fur- ther supplemental inhibitors or additives are neither needed nor recommended.

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Checking the radiator and condenser If either of the above parts are extremely dirty or you are not sure of their condi- tion, take your vehicle to Toyota dealer.

CAUTION

To prevent burning yourself, be care- ful not to touch the radiator or con- denser when the engine is hot.

NOTICE

To prevent damage to the radiator and condenser, do not perform the work by yourself.

Checking brake fluid

reservoir. The

To check the fluid level, simply look at the see−through level should be between the “MAX” and “MIN” lines on the reservoir. It is normal for the brake fluid level to go down slightly as the brake pads wear. So be sure to keep the reservoir filled. If the reservoir needs frequent refilling, it may indicate a serious mechanical prob- lem. If the level is low, add SAE J1703 or FMVSS No.116 DOT 3 brake fluid to the brake reservoir.

that

it use

In line with this, you

The engine cooling system is integral to maximizing performance of your Toyota is strongly vehicle. recommended “Toyota Genuine Long Life Coolant” for protecting the system, as it is an ethylene−glycol based premium antifreeze coolant with excellent corrosion protection properties that has been specifically formulated for use in Toyota vehicles. Please contact your Toyota dealer for fur- ther details of the “Toyota Genuine Long Life Coolant” range.

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Remove and replace the reservoir cap by hand. Fill the brake fluid to the dotted line. This brings the fluid to the correct level when you put the cap back on. Use only newly opened brake fluid. Once opened, brake fluid absorbs moisture from the air, and excess moisture can cause a dangerous loss of braking.

Checking power steering fluid

If cold O.K.

Close

If hot O.K.

Open

CAUTION

If cold add

If hot add

Take care when filling the reservoir because brake fluid can harm your eyes and damage painted surfaces. If fluid gets in your eyes, flush your eyes with clean water immediately. If you still feel uncomfortable with your eyes, go to the doctor.

NOTICE

If you spill some of the fluid, be sure to wash it off with water to prevent it from damaging the parts or paint.

Check the fluid level through the reser- voir. If necessary, add automatic trans- mission fluid DEXRONrII or III. If the vehicle has been driven around 80
km/h (50 mph) for 20 minutes (a little more in frigid temperatures), the fluid is hot (80_C or 175_F). You may also check the level when the fluid is cold (about room or 50_F—85_F) if the engine has not been run for about five hours.

temperature,

10_C—30_C

Clean all dirt from outside of the reservoir tank and look at the fluid level. If the fluid is cold, the level should be in the “COLD” range. Similarly, if it is hot, the fluid level should be in the “HOT” range. If the level is at the low side of either range, add automatic transmission fluid DEXRONrII or III to bring the level within the range. To remove the reservoir cap, turn it coun- terclockwise and it, turn it clockwise. After replacing the reser- voir cap, visually check the steering box case, vane pump and hose connections for leaks or damage.

lift up. To reinstall

CAUTION

The reservoir tank may be hot so be careful not to burn yourself.

NOTICE

Avoid overfilling, or the power steer- ing could be damaged.

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1. Remove the clip with a Phillips−head

screwdriver.

2. Open the glove box and push each side of the glove box to disconnect the claws.

Checking and replacing the air conditioning filter

The air conditioning filter is behind the glove box. The air conditioning filter may clog af- ter long use. The filter may need to be replaced if the air flow of the air condi- tioning and heater experiences extreme reductions in operating efficiency, or if the windows become to fog up easily. To maintain the air conditioning efficiency, inspect and replace the air conditioning filter according to the maintenance sched- ule. (For scheduled maintenance informa- tion, please refer to the “Scheduled Main- tenance Guide” or “Owner’s Manual Supplement”.)

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Checking tire pressure

3. Pull the filter cover toward you and

remove it.

5. Remove

case.

the

filter

from

the

filter

4. Remove the filter case toward you.

6. Inspect the filter on the surface. If it is dirty, it should be replaced.

INFORMATION

The air filter should be installed prop- erly in position. The use of air condi- tioning with filter removed may cause deteriorated dustproof per- formance and then affect air condi- tioning performance.

the air

Keep your tire pressures at the proper level. The recommended cold tire pressures, tire size and the vehicle capacity weight are given on page 286 and page 289 in Sec- tion 8. They are also on the tire pressure label as shown. You should check the tire pressures every two weeks, or at least once a month. And do not forget the spare! Incorrect fuel, reduce the comfort of driving, reduce tire life and make your vehicle less safe to drive. If a tire frequently needs refilling, have it checked by your Toyota dealer.

tire pressure may waste

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267

CAUTION

the

tire pressure properly. Keep your Otherwise, following conditions may occur and cause an accident re- sulting in death or serious injuries. Low tire pressure (underinflation)— D Excessive wear D Uneven wear D Poor handling D Possibility of blowouts from over-

heated tire

D Poor sealing of the tire bead D Wheel deformation and/or tire sepa-

ration

High tire pressure (overinflation)— D Poor handling D Excessive wear at the center of the

tire tread

D A greater possibility of tire damage

from road hazards

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The following instructions for checking tire pressure should be observed: D The pressure should be checked only when the tires are cold. If your ve- hicle has been parked for at least 3
hours and has not been driven for more than 1.5 km or 1 mile since, you will get an accurate cold tire pressure reading.

D Always use a tire pressure gauge. The appearance of a tire can be mis- leading. Besides, that are even just a few pounds off can degrade ride and handling.

tire pressures

D Do not bleed or reduce tire pressure after driving. It is normal for the tire pressure to be higher after driving.

D Never exceed

the vehicle capacity weight. The passenger and luggage weight should be located so that the vehicle is balanced.

D Be sure to reinstall the tire inflation valve caps. Without the valve caps, dirt or moisture could get into the valve core and cause air leakage. If the caps have been lost, have new ones put on as soon as possible.

Checking and replacing tires

Tread wear indicator

CHECKING YOUR TIRES Check the tire tread for the tread wear indicators. If the indicators show, re- place the tires. The tires on your Toyota have built−in tread wear indicators to help you know when the tires need replacement. When the tread depth wears to 1.6 mm (0.06
in.) or less, the indicators will appear. If you can see the indicators in two or more adjacent grooves, the tire should be re- placed. The lower the tread, the higher the risk of skidding. The effectiveness of snow tires is lost if the tread wears down below 4 mm (0.16 in.).

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If you have tire damage such as cuts, splits, cracks deep enough to expose the fabric, or bulges indicating internal damage, the tire should be replaced. If a tire often goes flat or cannot be prop- erly repaired due to the size or location of a cut or other damage, it should be replaced. If you are not sure, consult with your Toyota dealer. If an air loss occurs while driving, do not continue driving with a deflated tire. Driv- ing even a short distance can damage a tire beyond repair. Any tires which are over 6 years old must be checked by a qualified techni- cian even if damage is not obvious. Tires deteriorate with age even have never or seldom been used. This also applies to the spare tire and tires stored for future use.

they

if

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REPLACING YOUR TIRES When replacing a tire, use a tire of the same size and construction, and the same or greater load capacity as the originally installed tires. Also, on four− wheel drive models, all the tires must be the same brand and have the same tread patterns. Using any other size or type of tire may seriously affect handling, ride, speedome- ter/odometer calibration, ground clearance, and clearance between the body and tires or snow chains.

CAUTION

the

following

Observe instructions. Otherwise, an accident may occur re- sulting in death or serious injuries. D Do not mix radial, bias belted, or bias−ply tires on your vehicle, as this may cause dangerous handling characteristics resulting in loss of control.

D Four−wheel drive models:

Do not use tires of different brands, sizes, construction or tread pat- terns, as this may cause dangerous handling characteristics resulting in loss of control.

tire

Toyota recommends all four tires, or at least both front or rear tires be re- placed as a set. See “If you have a flat tire” on page 220
in Section 4 for tire change procedure. When a is replaced, should always be balanced. An unbalanced wheel may affect vehicle handling and tire life. Wheels can get out of balance with regular use and should therefore be balanced occasionally. When replacing a tubeless tire, the air valve should also be replaced with a new one.

the wheel

D Do not use tires other

than the manufacturer’s recommended size, as this may cause dangerous han- dling characteristics in loss of control.

resulting

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269

Rotating tires

To equalize tire wear and help extend tire life, Toyota recommends that you rotate your tires according to the main- tenance schedule. (For scheduled main- tenance information, please refer to the “Scheduled Maintenance Guide” or “Owner’s Manual Supplement”.) Howev- er, the most appropriate timing for tire rotation may vary according to your driving habits and road surface condi- tions. See “If you have a flat tire” on page 220
in Section 4 for tire change procedure.

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rotating

tires, check

When for uneven wear and damage. Abnormal wear is usu- ally caused by incorrect tire pressure, im- proper wheel alignment, out−of−balance wheels, or severe braking.

Installing snow tires and chains WHEN TO USE SNOW TIRES OR CHAINS Snow tires or chains are recommended when driving on snow or ice. On wet or dry roads, conventional tires provide better traction than snow tires. SNOW TIRE SELECTION If you need snow tires, select tires of the same size, construction and load capacity as the originally installed tires. Also, on four−wheel drive models, all the tires must be the same brand and have the same tread patterns. Do not use tires other than those men- tioned above. Do not install studded tires without first checking local regulations for possible restrictions.

CAUTION

the

following

Observe instructions. Otherwise, an accident may occur re- sulting in death or serious injuries. D Do not use snow tires other than the manufacturer’s recommended si- ze, as this may cause dangerous handling characteristics resulting in loss of control.

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Side chain

NOTICE

If the wrong combination of tire and chain is used, the chains could dam- age the vehicle body.

the

rear driving

CHAIN INSTALLATION Install the chains on the front tires as tightly as possible. Do not use tire tires. Retighten chains on chains after km (1/4—1/2 mile). When installing chains on your tires, care- fully follow the instructions of the chain manufacturer. If wheel covers are used, they will be scratched by the chain band, so remove the covers before putting on the chains.

0.5—1.0

Cross chain

TIRE CHAIN SELECTION Use the tire chains of correct size. Use the following type chains.

mm (in.) 3 (0.12) A Diameter of side chain 10 (0.39) B Width of side chain 30 (1.18) C Length of side chain 4 (0.16) D Diameter of cross chain 14 (0.55) E Width of cross chain F Length of cross chain 25 (0.98) Regulations regarding the use of tire chains vary according to location or type of road, so always check them before installing chains.

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271

D Four−wheel drive models:

Do not use snow tires of different brands, sizes, construction or tread patterns, as this may cause danger- ous handling characteristics result- ing in loss of control.

SNOW TIRE INSTALLATION Snow tires should be installed on all wheels. Installing snow tires on the front wheels only can lead to an excessive difference in road grip capability between the front and rear tires, which could cause loss of vehicle control. When storing removed tires, you should store them in a cool dry place. Mark the direction of rotation and be sure to install them in the same direction when replacing.

CAUTION

D Do not drive with the snow tires

incorrectly inflated.

D Never drive over 120 km/h (75 mph)

with any type of snow tires.

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CAUTION

D Do not exceed 50 km/h (30 mph) or recom- is

the chain manufacturer’s mended speed lower.

limit, whichever

D Drive carefully avoiding bumps, holes, and sharp turns, which may cause the vehicle to bounce.

D Avoid sharp turns or locked−wheel braking, as use of chains may ad- versely affect vehicle handling.

D When driving with chains installed, be sure to drive carefully. Slow down before entering the curves to avoid losing control of the vehicle. Otherwise an accident may occur.

Replacing wheels WHEN TO REPLACE YOUR WHEELS If you have wheel damage such as bending, cracks or heavy corrosion, the wheel should be replaced. If you fail to replace damaged wheels, the tire may slip off the wheel or cause loss of handling control. WHEEL SELECTION When replacing wheels, care should be taken to ensure that the wheels are re- placed by ones with the same load ca- pacity, diameter, rim width, and offset. Correct replacement wheels are available at your Toyota dealer. A wheel of a different size or type may adversely affect handling, wheel and bear- ing life, brake cooling, speedometer/odom- eter calibration, stopping ability, headlight aim, bumper height, vehicle ground clear- ance, and tire or snow chain clearance to the body and chassis.

Replacement with used wheels is not rec- ommended as they may have been sub- jected to rough treatment or high mileage and could fail without warning. Also, bent wheels which have been straightened may have structural damage and therefore should not be used. Never use an inner tube in a leaking wheel which is designed for a tubeless tire.

CAUTION

the

following

instructions. Observe Otherwise, an accident may occur re- sulting in death or serious injuries. D Do not use wheels other than the manufacturer’s recommended size, as this may cause dangerous han- dling characteristics in loss of control.

resulting

D Four−wheel drive models:

Do not use wheels of different brands, sizes and types, as this may cause dangerous handling characteristics resulting in loss of control.

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Aluminum wheel precautions D When aluminum wheels, check tight after driving your vehicle the first 1600
km (1000 miles).

the wheel nuts are

installing that

repaired, or D If you have changed your the wheel nuts are still tight after driving 1600 km (1000 miles).

rotated, tires, check

that

D When using tire chains, be careful not

to damage the aluminum wheels.

D Use only the Toyota wheel nuts and for your aluminum

wrench designed wheels.

D When balancing your wheels, use only Toyota balance weights or equivalent and a plastic or rubber hammer.

D As with any wheel, periodically check your aluminum wheels for damage. If damaged, replace immediately.

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SECTION 7− 3

DO−IT−YOURSELF MAINTENANCE Electrical components Checking battery condition Battery recharging precautions Checking and replacing fuses Adding washer fluid Replacing light bulbs

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

276
277
278
279
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Checking battery condition— —Precautions

CAUTION

BATTERY PRECAUTIONS The battery produces flammable and explosive hydrogen gas. D Do not cause a spark from the bat-

tery with tools.

D Do not smoke or light a match near

the battery.

The electrolyte contains poisonous and corrosive sulfuric acid. D Avoid contact with eyes, skin or

clothes.

D Never ingest electrolyte. D Wear protective safety glasses when

working near the battery.

D Keep children away from the bat-

tery.

EMERGENCY MEASURES D If electrolyte gets

in your eyes, flush your eyes with clean water immediately immediate medical attention. If possible, con- tinue to apply water with a sponge or cloth while en route to the medi- cal office.

and get

D If electrolyte gets on your skin, thoroughly wash the contact area. If you feel pain or burning, get medi- cal attention immediately.

D If electrolyte gets on your clothes, there is a possibility of its soaking through to your skin, so immediate- ly take off the exposed clothing and follow the procedure above, if nec- essary.

D If you accidentally swallow electro- lyte, drink a large quantity of water or milk. Follow with milk of magne- sia, beaten raw egg or vegetable oil. Then go immediately for emer- gency help.

D Warning: Battery posts,

terminals and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling.

cancer

and

—Checking battery exterior

Terminals

Ground cable

Hold−down clamp

Check the battery for corroded or loose terminal connections, cracks, or loose hold−down clamp. a. If the battery is corroded, wash it off with a solution of warm water and bak- ing soda. Coat the outside of the termi- nals with grease to prevent further cor- rosion.

b. If the terminal connections are loose, their clamp nuts—but do not

tighten overtighten.

c. Tighten

the hold−down clamp only enough to keep the battery firmly in place. Overtightening may damage the battery case.

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NOTICE

z Be sure the engine and all accesso- ries are off before performing main- tenance.

z When checking the battery, remove the ground cable from the negative terminal (“−” mark) first and rein- stall it last.

z Be careful not to cause a short cir-

cuit with tools.

z Take care no solution gets into the

battery when washing it.

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—Checking battery condition

Type A

Green

Dark

Clear or light yellow

Type B

Blue

White

Red

CHECKING BY INDICATOR Check the battery condition by the indi- cator color.

Indicator color

Type A

Type B

Green

Blue

Dark

White

Condition

Good

Charging necessary. Have battery checked by your Toyota dealer.

Battery recharging precautions During recharging, the battery is pro- ducing hydrogen gas. Therefore, before recharging: 1. If recharging with the battery installed on the vehicle, be sure to disconnect the ground cable.

2. Be sure the power switch on the re- charger the charger cables to the battery and when disconnecting them.

is off when connecting

CAUTION

D Always charge the battery in an un- confined area. Do not charge the battery in a garage or closed room where there is not sufficient ventila- tion.

D Only do a slow charge (5 A or less). Charging at a quicker rate is dangerous. The battery may ex- plode, causing personal injuries.

NOTICE

Clear or

light yellow

Red

Have battery checked by your Toyota dealer.

Never recharge the battery while the engine is running. Also, be sure all accessories are turned off.

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Checking and replacing fuses

Good

Blown

Good

Blown

Type A

Type C

If the headlights or other electrical components do not work, check the fuses. If any of the fuses are blown, they must be replaced. See “Fuse locations” on page 254 in Sec- tion 7−1 for locations of the fuses. Turn the ignition switch and inoperative component off. Pull a suspected fuse straight out and check it. Determine which fuse may be causing the problem. The lid of the fuse box shows the name of the circuit for each fuse. See on page 290 in Section 8 of this manual for the functions controlled by each circuit.

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Good

Blown

Type B

278

Type A fuses can be pulled out by using the pull−out tool. The location of the pull− out tool is shown in the illustration. If you are not sure whether the fuse has blown, try replacing the suspected fuse with one that you know is good. If the fuse has blown, push a new fuse into the clip. Only install a fuse with the amperage rat- ing designated on the fuse box lid. If you do not have a spare fuse, in an emergency you can pull out the “RADIO NO.1” or “RADIO NO.2” fuse, which may be dispensable for normal driving, and use it if its amperage rating is the same. If you cannot use one of the same amper- age, use one that is lower, but as close as possible to the rating. If the amperage is fuse might blow out again but this does not indicate anything wrong. Be sure to get the correct fuse as soon as possible and return the substitute to its original clip. It is a good idea to purchase a set of spare fuses and keep them in your ve- hicle for emergencies.

that specified,

lower

than

the

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the new

If fuse immediately blows out, there is a problem with the electrical sys- tem. Have your Toyota dealer correct it as soon as possible.

CAUTION

Never use a fuse with a higher am- perage rating, or any other object, in place of a fuse. This may cause ex- tensive damage and possibly a fire.

Adding washer fluid If any washer does not work or low windshield washer fluid level warning light comes on, the washer tank may be empty. Add washer fluid. You may use plain water as washer fluid. in cold areas where tempera- However, tures freezing point, use fluid containing antifreeze. This washer product is available at your Toyota dealer and most auto parts stores. Follow the manufacturer’s directions for how much to mix with water.

range below

NOTICE

Do not use engine antifreeze or any other substitute because it may dam- age your vehicle’s paint.

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following

illustrations show how

Replacing light bulbs— The to gain access to the bulbs. When replacing a bulb, make sure the ignition switch and light switch are off. Use bulbs with the wattage ratings given in the table.

CAUTION

D To prevent burning yourself, do not replace the light bulbs while they are hot.

D Halogen bulbs have pressurized gas inside and require special handling. They can burst or shatter if scratched or dropped. Hold a bulb only by its plastic or metal case. Do not touch the glass part of a bulb with bare hands.

NOTICE

Only use a bulb of the listed type.

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the

The inside of the lens of exterior lights such as headlights may temporarily fog up when the lens becomes wet in the rain or in a car wash. This is not a problem because the is caused by fogging temperature difference between the outside and the windshield fogged up in the rain. However, if there is a large drop of water on the inside of the lens, or if there is water pooled light, contact your Toyota dealer.

inside of

inside

lens,

just

like

the

the

Light bulbs

Headlights (low)

Headlights (high)

Front fog lights

Front turn signals/ parking and front side marker lights

Rear turn signal lights

Bulb No. 9006

9005

—

—

—

W Type

51

60

35

21/5

21

Stop/tail lights

7443

21/5

Rear side marker

Back−up lights

168

7440

License plate light

—

High mounted stop light

921

Interior lights

Personal light

Vanity lights

Door courtesy lights

Glove box light

—

—

—

—

—

21

18