1999 Toyota Corolla Owners Manual

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Oil identification marks Either or both API registered marks are added to some oil containers to help you select the oil you should use. The API Service Symbol is located any- where on the outside of the container. The top portion of the label shows the oil quality by API (American Petroleum Insti- tute) designations such as SJ. The center portion of the label shows the SAE viscos- ity grade such as SAE 5W- 30. ”Energy- Conserving” shown in the lower portion, indicates that the oil has fuel- saving ca- pabilities. The ILSAC (International Lubricant Stan- dardization and Approval Committee) Certi- fication Mark is displayed on the front of the container.

Engine oil selection Use API grade SJ, ”Energy- Conserving” or ILSAC multigrade engine oil. Recommended viscosity (SAE):

API service symbol

for good

SAE 5W- 30 is the best choice for your vehicle, fuel economy, and good starting in cold weather. If you use SAE 10W- 30 engine oil in extremely low temperatures, the engine may become difficult to start, so SAE 5W- 30 engine oil is recommended.

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ILSAC certification mark

Checking the engine coolant level Look at the see- through coolant reser- voir when the engine is cold. The cool- ant level is satisfactory if it is between the ”FULL” and ”LOW” lines on the reservoir. If the level is low, add ethyl- ene- glycol type coolant for a proper corrosion protection of aluminum com- ponents. The coolant level in the reservoir will vary with engine temperature. However, if the level is on or below the ”LOW” line, add coolant. Bring the level up to the ”FULL” line. Always use ethylene- glycol type coolant for a proper corrosion protection of alumi- num components. See information in the next column. If the coolant level drops within a short time after replenishing, there may be a leak the radiator, hoses, engine coolant filler cap, radiator cap and drain cock and water pump. If you can find no leak, have your Toyota dealer test the cap pressure and check for leaks in the cooling system.

the system. Visually check

in

CAUTION

To prevent burning yourself, do not remove the radiator cap when the en- gine is hot.

Coolant type selection Use of improper coolants may damage your engine cooling system. Your coolant must contain ethylene- glycol type coolant for a proper corrosion protection of your engine that contains aluminum components. Use ”Toyota Long Life Coolant” or equivalent. In addition to preventing freezing and sub- sequent damage to the engine, this will also prevent corrosion. Further supplemen- tal inhibitors or additives are neither need- ed nor recommended. Read the coolant container for information on freeze protection. Follow the manufac- turer’s directions to mix with plain water (preferably demineralized water or distilled water). The total capacity of the cooling system is given in Part 8.

for how much

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We recommend to use 50% solution for your Toyota, to provide protection down to about -35(cid:3)C (- 31(cid:3)F). When it is extreme- ly cold, to about -50°C (- 58°F), 60% solution is rec- ommended. Do not use more than 70% solution for better coolant performance.

to provide protection down

NOTICE

Do not use alcohol type antifreeze or plain water alone.

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reservoir. The

To check the fluid level, simply look at the see- through level should be between the ”MAX” and ”MIN” lines on the reservoir. It is normal for the brake fluid level to go down slightly as the brake pads wear. So be sure to keep the reservoir filled. If the reservoir needs frequent refilling, it may indicate a serious mechanical prob- lem. If the level is low, add SAE J1703 or FMVSS No. 116 DOT 3 brake fluid to the brake reservoir. Remove and replace the reservoir cover by hand.

Use only newly opened brake fluid. Once opened, brake fluid absorbs moisture from the air, and excess moisture can cause a dangerous loss of braking.

CAUTION

Take care when filling the reservoir because brake fluid can harm your eyes and damage painted surfaces. If fluid gets in your eyes, flush your eyes with clean water.

NOTICE

If you spill some of the fluid, be sure to wash it off with water to prevent it from damaging the parts or paint.

Checking brake fluid

Type A

Type B

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Checking power steering fluid

Checking tire pressure

If hot O.K.

Close

Open

If cold O.K.

If cold add

If hot add

III.

II or

Check the fluid level through the reser- voir. If necessary, add automatic trans- mission fluid DEXRON(cid:4) If the vehicle has been driven around 80
km/h (50 mph) for 20 minutes (a little more in frigid temperatures), the fluid is hot (60(cid:3)C—80(cid:3)C or 140(cid:3)F—175(cid:3)F). You may also check the level when the fluid is temperature, 10(cid:3)C—30(cid:3)C or 50(cid:3)F—85(cid:3)F) if the engine has not been run for about five hours.

(about

room

cold

Clean all dirt from outside of the reservoir tank and look at the fluid level. If the fluid is cold, the level should be in the ”COLD” range. Similarly, if it is hot, the fluid level should be in the ”HOT” range. If the level is at the low side of either range, add automatic fluid DEXRON(cid:4) II or III to bring the level within the range. To remove the filler cap, turn it counter- clockwise and lift up. To reinstall it, turn it clockwise. After filler cap,visually check the steering box case, vane pump and hose connections for leaks or damage.

transmission

replacing

the

CAUTION

The reservoir tank may be hot so be careful not to burn yourself.

NOTICE

Avoid overfilling, or the power steer- ing could be damaged.

Keep your tire pressures at the proper level. The recommended cold tire pressures, tire size and the vehicle capacity weight are given in Part 8. They are also on the tire pressure label as shown. You should check the tire pressures every two weeks, or at least once a month. And don’t forget the spare! Incorrect tire pressure can reduce tire life and make your vehicle less safe to drive.

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(cid:2) Take special care when adding air to the compact spare tire. The smaller tire size can gain pressure very quick- ly. Add compressed air in small quanti- ties and check the pressure often until it reaches the specified pressure.

(cid:2) Do not bleed or reduce tire pressure after driving. It is normal for the tire pressure to be higher after driving.

(cid:2) Never exceed

the vehicle capacity weight. The passenger and luggage weight should be located so that the vehicle is balanced.

(cid:2) Be sure to reinstall the tire inflation valve caps. Without the valve caps, dirt or moisture could get into the valve core and cause air leakage. If the caps have been lost, have new ones put on as soon as possible.

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Checking and replacing tires

Tread wear indicator

CHECKING YOUR TIRES Check the tires tread for the tread wear indicators. If the indicators show, re- place the tires. The tires on your Toyota have built- in tread wear indicators to help you know when the tires need replacement. When the tread depth wears to 1.6 mm (0.06
in.) or less, the indicators will appear. If you can see the indicators in two or more adjacent grooves, the tire should be re- placed. The lower the tread, the higher the risk of skidding. The effectiveness of snow tires is lost if the tread wears down below 4 mm (0.16 in.).

the

results

tire pressure

tire pressure

is excessively

Low in excessive wear, poor handling, reduced fuel econo- my, and the possibility of blowouts from overheated tires. Also, low tire pressure can cause poor sealing of the tire bead. If low, there is the possibility of wheel deforma- tion and/or tire separation. High tire pressure produces a harsh ride, handling problems,excessive wear at the center of the tire tread, and a greater possibility of tire damage from road haz- ards. If a tire frequently needs refilling, have it checked by your Toyota dealer. The following instructions for checking tire pressure should be observed: (cid:2) The pressure should be checked only when the tires are cold. If your ve- hicle has been parked for at least 3
hours and has not been driven for more than 1.5 km or 1 mile since, you will get an accurate cold tire pressure reading.

(cid:2) Always use a tire pressure gauge. The appearance of a tire can be mis- leading. Besides, that are even just a few pounds off can degrade handling and ride.

tire pressures

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Check the tires regularly for damage such as cuts, splits and cracks. If any damage is found, consult with a techni- cian and have the tire repaired or re- placed. Even if the damage does not appear seri- ous, a qualified technician should examine the damage. Objects which have pene- trated the tire may have caused internal damage. Any tires which are over six years old must be checked by a qualified techni- cian even if damage is not obvious. Tires deteriorate with age even have never or seldom been used. This applies also to the spare tire and tires stored for future use. REPLACING YOUR TIRES When replacing a tire, use only the same size and construction as original- ly installed and with the same or great- er load capacity. Using any other size or type of tire may seriously affect handling, ride, speedome- ter/odometer calibration, ground clearance, and clearance between the body and tires or snow chains.

they

if

CAUTION

(cid:2) Do not mix radial, bias belted, or bias- ply tires on your vehicle. It can cause dangerous handling char- acteristics, resulting in loss of con- trol.

(cid:2) Do not use tires or wheels other recom-

the manufacturer’s

than mended size.

tire

Toyota recommends all four tires, or at least both of the front or rear tires be replaced at a time as a set. See ”If you have a flat tire” in Part 4 for tire change procedure. When a is replaced, should always be balanced. An unbalanced wheel may affect vehicle handling and tire life. Wheels can get out of balance with regular use and should therefore be balanced occasionally. When replacing a tubeless tire, the air valve should also be replaced with a new one.

the wheel

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Rotating tires

Vehicles with compact spare tire

Vehicles without compact spare tire

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To equalize the wear and help extend tire life, Toyota recommends that you rotate your tires approximately every 12000 km (7500 miles). However, the most appropriate timing for tire rotation may vary according to your driving hab- its and road surface conditions. See ”If you have a flat tire” in Part 4 for tire change procedure. When for uneven wear and damage. Abnormal wear is usu- ally caused by incorrect tire pressure, im- proper wheel alignment, out- of- balance wheels, or severe braking.

tires, check

rotating

CAUTION

Do not include a compact spare tire when rotating the tires. It is designed for temporary use only.

194

Installing snow tires and chains WHEN TO USE SNOW TIRES OR CHAINS Snow tires or chains are recommended when driving on snow or ice. On wet or dry roads, conventional tires provide better traction than snow tires. SNOW TIRE SELECTION If you need snow tires, select the same size, construction and load capacity as the original tires on your Toyota. Do not use tires other than those men- tioned above. Do not install studded tires without first checking local regulations for possible restrictions. SNOW TIRE INSTALLATION Snow tires should be installed on all wheels. Installing snow tires on the front wheels only can lead to an excessive difference in road grip capability between the front and rear tires which could cause loss of vehicle control. When storing removed tires you should store them in a cool dry place. Mark the direction of rotation and be sure to install them in the same direction when replac- ing.

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CAUTION

(cid:2) Do not drive with the snow tires

incorrectly inflated.

(cid:2) Never drive over 120 km/h (75 mph)

with any type of snow tires.

TIRE CHAIN SELECTION Use the tire chains of correct size and type. Use SAE Class ”S” type radial tire chains except radial cable chains or V- bar type chains. Regulations regarding the use of tire chains vary according to location or type of road, so always check them before installing chains. CHAIN INSTALLATION Install the chains on the front tires as tightly as possible. Do not use tire tires. Retighten chains on chains after km (1/4—1/2 mile). When installing chains on your tires, care- fully follow the instructions of the chain manufacturer.

rear driving

0.5—1.0

the

If wheel covers are used, they will be scratched by the chain band,so remove the covers before putting on the chains.

CAUTION

(cid:2) Do not exceed 50 km/h (30 mph) or recom- is

the chain manufacturer’s mended speed lower.

limit, whichever

(cid:2) Drive carefully avoiding bumps, holes, and sharp turns, which may cause the vehicle to bounce.

(cid:2) Avoid sharp turns or locked- wheel braking, as use of chains may ad- versely affect vehicle handling.

NOTICE

Do not attempt to use a tire chain on the compact spare tire, as it may re- sult in damage to the vehicle as well as the tire.

Replacing wheels WHEN TO REPLACE YOUR WHEELS If you have wheel damage such as bending, cracks or heavy corrosion, the wheel should be replaced. If you fail to replace damaged wheels, the tire may slip off the wheel or they may cause loss of handling control. WHEEL SELECTION When replacing wheels, care should be taken to ensure that the wheels are re- placed by ones with the same load ca- pacity, diameter, rim width, and offset. This must be observed on compact spare tires, too. Correct replacement wheels are available at your Toyota dealer. A wheel of a different size or type may adversely affect handling, wheel and bear- ing life, brake cooling, speedometer/odom- eter calibration, stopping ability, headlight aim, bumper height, vehicle ground clear- ance, and tire or snow chain clearance to the body and chassis.

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Replacement with used wheels is not rec- ommended as they may have been sub- jected to rough treatment or high mileage and could fail without warning. Also, bent wheels which have been straightened may have structural damage and therefore should not be used. Never use an inner tube in a leaking wheel which is designed for a tubeless tire.

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Aluminum wheel precautions (cid:2) After driving your vehicle the first 1600
km (1000 miles), check that the wheel nuts are tight. repaired, or (cid:2) If you have changed your the wheel nuts are still tight after driving 1600 km (1000 miles).

rotated, tires, check

that

(cid:2) When using tire chains, be careful not

to damage the aluminum wheels.

(cid:2) Use only the Toyota wheel nuts and for your aluminum

wrench designed wheels.

(cid:2) When balancing your wheels, use only Toyota balance weights or equivalent and a plastic or rubber hammer.

(cid:2) As with any wheel, periodically check your aluminum wheels for damage. If damaged, replace immediately.

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Part 7
DO- IT- YOURSELF MAINTENANCE—

Chapter 7- 3
Electrical components

(cid:1) Checking battery condition (cid:1) Battery recharging precautions (cid:1) Checking and replacing fuses (cid:1) Adding washer fluid (cid:1) Replacing light bulbs

Checking battery condition— —Precautions

CAUTION

BATTERY PRECAUTIONS The battery produces flammable and explosive hydrogen gas. (cid:1) Do not cause a spark from the bat-

tery with tools.

(cid:1) Do not smoke or light a match near

the battery.

The electrolyte contains poisonous and corrosive sulfuric acid. (cid:1) Avoid contact with eyes, skin or

clothes.

(cid:1) Never ingest electrolyte. (cid:1) Wear protective safety glasses when

working near the battery.

(cid:1) Keep children away from the bat-

tery.

EMERGENCY MEASURES (cid:1) If electrolyte gets

in your eyes, flush your eyes with clean water immediately immediate medical attention. If possible, con- tinue to apply water with a sponge or cloth while en route to the medi- cal office.

and get

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(cid:1) If electrolyte gets on your skin, thoroughly wash the contact area. If you feel pain or burning, get medi- cal attention immediately.

(cid:1) If electrolyte gets on your clothes, there is a possibility of its soaking through to your skin, so immediate- ly take off the exposed clothing and follow the procedure above, if nec- essary.

(cid:1) If you happen to swallow electro- lyte, drink a large quantity of water or milk. Follow with milk of magne- sia, beaten raw egg or vegetable oil. Then go immediately for emer- gency help.

197

—Checking battery exterior

Terminals Ground cable

NOTICE

(cid:1) Be sure the engine and all accesso- ries are off before performing main- tenance.

(cid:1) When checking the battery, remove the ground cable from the negative terminal (”-” mark) first and rein- stall it last.

(cid:1) Be careful not to cause a short cir-

cuit with tools.

(cid:1) Take care no solution gets into the

battery when washing it.

Hold- down clamp

Check the battery for corroded or loose terminal connections, cracks, or loose hold- down clamp. a.

If the battery is corroded, wash it off with a solution of warm water and bak- ing soda. Coat the outside of the termi- nals with grease to prevent further cor- rosion. If the terminal connections are loose, tighten their clamp nuts—but do not overtighten.

b.

c. Tighten

the hold- down clamp only enough to keep the battery firmly in place. Overtightening may damage the battery case.

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—Checking battery fluid

Type A

Green

Dark

Clear or light yellow

Type B

Blue

White

Red

CHECKING BY THE HYDROMETER Check the battery condition by hydrometer color.

the

Hydrometer color Type B Type A GREEN BLUE

DARK

WHITE

Condition Condition

Good

Charging necessary. Have battery checked by your Toyota dealer.

CLEAR

or

LIGHT YELLOW

RED

Have battery checked by your Toyota dealer.

Battery recharging precautions During recharging, the battery is pro- ducing hydrogen gas. Therefore, before recharging: 1. If recharging with the battery installed on the vehicle, be sure to disconnect the ground cable.

2. Be sure the power switch on the re- charger the charger cables to the battery and when disconnecting them.

is off when connecting

CAUTION

(cid:1) Always charge the battery in an un- confined area. Do not charge the battery in a garage or closed room where there is not sufficient ventila- tion.

(cid:1) Only do a slow charge (5A or less). Charging at a quicker rate is dan- gerous. The battery may explode, causing personal injuries.

NOTICE

Never recharge the battery while the engine is running. Also, be sure all accessories are turned off.

Checking and replacing fuses

Type A

Type B

Type C

Good

Blown

Good

Blown

Good

Blown

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If the headlights or other electrical components do not work, check the fuses. If any of the fuses are blown, they must be replaced. See ”Fuse locations” in Chapter 7- 1 for locations of the fuses. Turn the ignition switch and inoperative component off. Pull a suspected fuse straight out and check it. Determine which fuse may be causing the problem. The lid of the fuse box shows the name of the circuit for each fuse. See Part 8 of this manual for the functions controlled by each circuit.

199

the new

If fuse immediately blows out, there is a problem with the electrical sys- tem. Have your Toyota dealer correct it as soon as possible.

CAUTION

Never use a fuse with a higher am- perage rating, or any other object, in place of a fuse. This may cause ex- tensive damage and possibly a fire.

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Adding washer fluid If any washer does not work or low windshield washer fluid level warning light comes on, the washer tank may be empty. Add washer fluid. You may use plain water as washer fluid. in cold areas where tempera- However, tures freezing point, use fluid containing antifreeze. This washer product is available at your Toyota dealer and most auto parts stores. Follow the manufacturer’s directions for how much to mix with water.

range below

NOTICE

Do not use engine antifreeze or any other substitute because it may dam- age your vehicle’s paint.

Type A fuses can be pulled out by the pull- out tool. The location of the pull- out tool is shown in the illustration. If you are not sure whether the fuse has blown, try replacing the suspected fuse with one that you know is good. If the fuse has blown, push a new fuse into the clip. Only install a fuse with the amperage rat- ing designated on the fuse box lid. If you do not have a spare fuse, in an emergency you can pull out the ”FOG” or ”S- HTR” fuse, which may be dispensable for normal driving, and use its amperage rating is the same. If you cannot use one of the same amper- age, use one that is lower, but as close as possible to, the rating. If the amperage is fuse might blow out again but this does not indicate anything wrong. Be sure to get the correct fuse as soon as possible and return the substitute to its original clip. It is a good idea to purchase a set of spare fuses and keep them in your ve- hicle for emergencies.

that specified,

lower

than

the

if

it

200

following

illustrations show how

Replacing light bulbs— The to gain access to the bulbs. When replacing a bulb, make sure the ignition switch and light switch are off. Use bulbs with the wattage ratings given in the table.

CAUTION

Halogen bulbs have pressurized gas inside and require special handling. They can burst or shatter if scratched or dropped. Hold a bulb only by its plastic or metal case. Do not touch the glass part of a bulb with bare hands.

NOTICE

Only use a bulb of the listed type.

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—Headlights

W Type

Light bulbs

Headlights

front side

Parking, marker and front turn signal lights

Rear side marker lights

Rear turn signal lights

Bulb No.

HB2

3157N

60/5

27/8

194

3.8

3156

27

Stop and tail lights

3157

27/8

18

3.8

18

10

3.8

Back- up lights

License plate lights

High mounted stoplight

Personal light

Interior light

Trunk light

921

194

—

—

—

194

A: HB2 halogen bulbs B: Single end bulbs C: Wedge base bulbs D: Double end bulbs

1. Open the hood.

RIGHT- HAND HEADLIGHT: Remove the bolts and the relay block.

take out

the relay block

Put place other than on the engine.

in

the appropriate

NOTICE

Do not place the relay block on the engine.

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2. LEFT- HAND HEADLIGHT: Remove the clip and take out the air cleaner duct.

Removing clip: Use a flat- bladed screw- driver or equivalent

3. Unplug the connector. Remove the

rubber cover.

If the connector is tight, wiggle it.

Remove and shown in the following illustration.

install

the cover clip as

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Installing clip

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—Parking, front side marker and front turn signal lights

Use a Phillips- head screwdriver.

203

4. Release

the bulb retaining spring and remove the bulb. Install a new bulb and the bulb retaining spring.

To install a bulb, align the tabs of the bulb with the mounting hole.

the cutouts of

5. Install

the rubber cover with

the ”TOP” mark upward, and snuggle on the boss. Insert the connector.

Make sure the rubber cover fits snugly on the connector and the headlight body. Aiming is not necessary after replacing the bulb. When aiming adjustment is nec- essary, contact your Toyota dealer.

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—Rear side maker, rear turn signal, and stop and tail lights

204

Removing and installing clips (type A): Use a flat- bladed screwdriver or equivalent.

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Removing clips (type B): Use a Phillips- head screwdriver.

a: Stop and tail light b: Rear turn signal light c: Rear side marker light

Installing clips (type B)

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—License plate lights (left side)

—Back- up lights

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—License plate lights (right side)

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—High mounted stoplight

208

Break- in period Drive gently and avoid high speeds. Your vehicle does not need an elaborate break- in. But following a few simple tips for the first 1600 km (1000 miles) can add to the future economy and long life of your vehicle: (cid:1) Do not drive over 88 km/h (55 mph). (cid:1) Run the engine at moderate speed be-

tween 2000 and 4000 rpm.

(cid:1) Avoid full- throttle starts. (cid:1) Try to avoid hard stops during the first

300 km (200 miles).

(cid:1) Do not drive slowly with the manual

transmission in a high gear.

(cid:1) Do not drive for a long time at any

single speed, either fast or slow.

(cid:1) Do not tow a trailer during the first 800

km (500 miles).

Part 2
INFORMATION BEFORE DRIVING YOUR TOYOTA

(cid:1) Break- in period (cid:1) Fuel (cid:1) Operation in foreign countries (cid:1) Three- way catalytic converter (cid:1) Engine exhaust cautions (cid:1) Facts about engine oil

consumption

(cid:1) Twin ground electrode spark

plugs

(cid:1) Brake system (cid:1) Brake pad wear limit indicators (cid:1) Luggage stowage precautions (cid:1) Your Toyota’s identification (cid:1) Theft prevention labels (cid:1) Suspension and chassis (cid:1) Types of tires

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Fuel FUEL TYPE Your new vehicle must use only un- leaded gasoline. To help prevent gas station mix- ups, your Toyota has a new smaller fuel tank open- ing. The special nozzle on pumps with unleaded larger standard nozzle on pumps with leaded gas will not. the gasoline you use At a minimum, should meet specifications of ASTM D4814 in the U.S.A. and CGSB 3.5- M93
in Canada.

fuel will

it, but

the

fit

NOTICE

Do not use leaded gasoline. Use of leaded gasoline will cause the three- way catalytic converter to lose its ef- fectiveness and the emission control system to function improperly. Also, this can increase maintenance costs.

OCTANE NUMBER Select Octane Rating 87 (Research Oc- tane Number 91) or higher. Use of unleaded fuel with an octane num- ber or rating lower than stated above will cause persistent heavy knocking. If se- vere, this will lead to engine damage.

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GASOLINES CONTAINING MTBE Gasolines that contain MTBE (Methyl Tertiary- Butyl Ether) are available in the market. If you use a gasoline mixed with MTBE, make certain that it does not contain more than 15% of MTBE. GASOLINES CONTAINING MMT Some gasolines contain an octane- en- hancing additive called MMT (methylcy- clopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl). Toyota does not recommend the use of gasolines that contain MMT. If fuels con- taining MMT are used, your emission con- trol system may be adversely affected. The Malfunction Indicator Lamp on the in- strument cluster may come on. If this hap- pens, contact your Toyota dealer for ser- vice. GASOLINES CONTAINING ALCOHOL If you use gasohol in your Toyota, be sure that it is unleaded, has an octane rating no lower than 87 and does not contain more than 10% ethanol. Gasohol is a mixture of gasoline and etha- nol.

Toyota do not recommend the use of gas- olines containing methanol. If you use gasoline containing methanol, use only gasoline meeting the requirements above and also containing less than 5% metha- nol with cosolvents and corrosion inhibi- tors for methanol. GASOLINES QUALITY In a very few cases, you may experience driveability problems caused by the partic- ular gasoline that you are using. If you continue to have unacceptable driveability, try changing gasoline brands. If that does not rectify your problem, then consult your Toyota dealer.

NOTICE

(cid:1) Do not use gasohol other than stated above. It will cause fuel sys- tem damage or vehicle performance problems.

(cid:1) If driveability problems occur (poor hot starting, vaporizing, engine knock, etc.), discontinue the use.

(cid:1) Take care not to spill gasohol dur- ing refueling. Gasohol may cause paint damage.

fuel, or

the recommended

If your engine knocks... If you detect heavy knocking even when using if you hear steady knocking while holding a steady speed on level roads, consult your Toyota dealer. However, now and then, you may notice light knocking for a short time while accel- erating or driving up hills. This is no need of concern. GASOLINES CONTAINING DETERGENT ADDITIVES Toyota recommends use of gasolines that contain detergent additives to avoid build- up of engine deposits. For further details, ask your Toyota dealer or a local gasoline retailer. IMPROVED GASOLINES The American Automobile Manufacturers Association (AAMA) has developed a specification of improved gasolines. The AAMA specification offers optimal fuel information for better vehicle perfor- mance and better protection of your en- gine. Toyota recommends the use of gasolines that meet the AAMA specification, if avail- able, for improved driveability and emis- sion control system. 130

FUEL TANK CAPACITY

50 L (13.2 gal., 11.0 lmp. gal.)

Operation in foreign countries If you plan to drive your Toyota in another country... First, comply with the vehicle registration laws. Second, confirm the availability of the cor- rect fuel (unleaded and minimum octane number).

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Three- way catalytic converter

The three- way catalytic converter is an emission control device installed in the exhaust system. The purpose is to reduce pollutants in the exhaust gas.

CAUTION

(cid:1) Keep people and combustible mate- rials away from the exhaust pipe while the engine is running. The exhaust gas is very hot.

(cid:1) Do not drive, idle or park your ve- hicle over anything that might burn easily such as grass, leaves, paper or rags.

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Engine exhaust cautions

CAUTION

(cid:1) Avoid inhaling the engine exhaust. It contains carbon monoxide, which is a colorless and odorless gas. It can cause unconsciousness or even death.

(cid:1) Make sure the exhaust system has no holes or loose connections. The system should be checked from time to time. If you hit something, or notice a change in the sound of the the system exhaust, have checked immediately.

(cid:1) Do not run the engine in a garage or enclosed area except the time needed to drive the vehicle in or out. The exhaust gases cannot escape, making this a particularly dangerous situation.

for

(cid:1) Do not remain for a long time in a parked vehicle with the engine run- ning. If it is unavoidable, however, do so only in an unconfined area and adjust the heating or cooling system to force outside air into the vehicle.

NOTICE

A large amount of unburned gases flowing into the three-way catalytic converter may cause it to overheat and create a fire hazard. To prevent this and other damage, observe the following precautions: (cid:1) Use only unleaded gasoline. (cid:1) Do not drive with an extremely low fuel level; running out of fuel could cause the engine to misfire, creat- ing an excessive load on the three- way catalytic converter.

(cid:1) Do not allow the engine to run at idle speed for more than 20 min- utes.

(cid:1) Avoid racing the engine. (cid:1) Do not push-start or pull-start your

vehicle.

(cid:1) Do not turn off the ignition while

the vehicle is moving.

(cid:1) Keep your engine in good running order. Malfunctions in the engine electrical system, electronic ignition system/distributor ignition system or fuel system could cause an ex- tremely high three-way catalytic converter temperature.

(cid:1) If the engine becomes difficult to start or stalls frequently, take your vehicle in for a check-up as soon as possible. Remember, your Toyota dealer knows your vehicle and its three-way catalytic converter sys- tem best.

(cid:1) To ensure that the three-way cata- lytic converter and the entire emis- sion control system operate proper- ly, your vehicle must receive the periodic inspections required by the Toyota Maintenance Schedule. For scheduled maintenance information, refer to the separate ”Scheduled Maintenance Guide” or ”Owner’s Manual Supplement”.

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(cid:1) Keep

the

trunk

lid closed while driving. An open or unsealed trunk lid may cause exhaust gases to be drawn into the vehicle.

(cid:1) To allow proper operation of your vehicle’s ventilation system, keep the inlet grilles in front of the wind- shield clear of snow, leaves, or oth- er obstructions.

(cid:1) If you smell exhaust fumes in the vehicle, drive with the windows open and the trunk lid closed. Have the cause immediately located and corrected.

Facts about engine oil consumption FUNCTIONS OF ENGINE OIL Engine oil has the primary functions of lubricating and cooling the inside of the engine, and plays a major role in main- taining the engine in proper working order. ENGINE OIL CONSUMPTION It is normal that an engine should con- sume some engine oil during normal engine operation. The causes of oil consumption in a normal engine are as follows. (cid:1) Oil is used to lubricate pistons, piston rings and cylinders. A thin film of oil is left on the cylinder wall when a pis- ton moves downwards in the cylinder. High negative pressure generated when the vehicle is decelerating sucks some of this oil into the combustion chamber. This oil as well as some part of the oil film left on the cylinder wall is burned by temperature combustion gases during the combustion process.

the high

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(cid:1) Oil is also used to lubricate the stems of the intake valves. Some of this oil is sucked into the combustion chamber together with is burned along with the fuel. High tem- perature exhaust gases also burn the oil used to lubricate the exhaust valve stems.

intake air and

the

The amount of engine oil consumed de- pends on the viscosity of the oil, the quality of the oil and the conditions the vehicle is driven under. More oil is consumed by high- speed driv- ing and frequent acceleration and decel- eration. A new engine consumes more oil, since its pistons, piston rings and cylinder walls have not become conditioned. When judging the amount of oil con- sumption, note that the oil may become diluted and make it difficult to judge the true level accurately. As an example, if a vehicle is used for repeated short trips, and consumes a nor- mal amount of oil, the dipstick may not show any drop in the oil level at all, even after 1000 km (600 miles) or more. This is because the oil is gradually becoming diluted with fuel or moisture, making it appear that the oil level has not changed. 133

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Brake system TANDEM MASTER CYLINDER BRAKE SYSTEM The tandem master cylinder brake system is a hydraulic system with two separate sub- systems. If either sub- system should fail, the other will still work. However, the pedal will be harder to press, and your stopping distance will be longer. Also, the brake system warning light may come on.

CAUTION

Do not drive your vehicle with only a single brake system. Have your brakes fixed immediately.

the brakes.

BRAKE BOOSTER The brake booster uses engine vacuum to power- assist the engine should quit while you are driving, you can bring the vehicle to a stop with normal pedal pressure. There is enough reserve vacuum two stops—but no more!

for one or

If

The diluting ingredients evaporate out when the vehicle is then driven at high speeds, as on an express way, making it appear that oil is excessively consumed after driving at high speeds. IMPORTANCE OF ENGINE OIL LEVEL CHECK One of the most important points in prop- er vehicle maintenance is to keep the en- gine oil at the optimum level so that oil function will not be impaired. Therefore, it is essential that the oil level be checked regularly. Toyota recommends that the oil level be checked every time you refuel the vehicle.

Twin ground electrode spark plugs

Your engine is fitted with twin ground electrode spark plugs.

NOTICE

NOTICE

Failure to check the oil level regularly could lead to serious engine trouble due to insufficient oil.

Use only twin ground electrode spark plugs for your engine performance.

For detailed information on oil level check, see ”Checking in Chapter 7- 2.

the engine oil

level”

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CAUTION

(cid:1) Even if the power assist

(cid:1) Do not pump the brake pedal if the engine stalls. Each push on the pedal uses up your vacuum reserve. is com- pletely the brakes will still work. But you will have to push the pedal hard—much harder than nor- mal. And your braking distance will be longer.

lost,

(with

ANTI- LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM ”ABS” warning light) The anti- lock brake system is designed to automatically help prevent lock- up of the wheels during sudden braking or braking on slippery road surfaces. This assists in providing directional stability and steering performance of these circumstances. The anti- lock brake system becomes op- erative after the vehicle has accelerated to a speed in excess of approximately 10
km/h (6 mph). It stops operating when the vehicle decelerate to a speed below approximately 5 km/h (3 mph).

the vehicle under

in

You may hear a sound the engine compartment for a few seconds when the engine is started or just after the vehicle is started. This means that the anti- lock brake system is in the self check mode, and does not indicate a malfunction.

this situation,

Effective way to press the ”ABS” brake pedal: When the anti- lock brake system function is in action, you may feel the brake pedal pulsating and hear a noise. In the anti- lock brake system work for you, just hold the brake pedal down more firmly. Do not pump the brake in a panic stop. Pump- ing the brake pedal makes the stopping distance longer.

let

to

The brake pedal pulsation caused by the anti- lock brake system may indicate haz- ardous road surface conditions. Although the anti- lock brake system assists in pro- viding vehicle control, it is still important to drive with all due care, because the anti- lock brake system cannot overcome the laws of physics that act on your ve- hicle: (cid:1) Braking capability is dependent on tire

friction with the road surface.

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(cid:1) Even though the anti- lock brake sys- tem is operating, a driver cannot main- tain full control on certain slippery road surfaces, when cornering at high speeds, or in violent maneuvers.

(cid:1) Avoid high speeds on wet roads. The anti- lock brake system cannot elimi- nate the risk of hydroplaning and loss of tire friction.

in

Always maintain a safe distance from the vehicle front of you. Compared with vehicles not fitted with an anti- lock brake system, your vehicle may require a longer stopping distance in the following cases: (cid:1) Driving on rough, gravel or snow- cov-

ered roads.

(cid:1) Driving with tire chains installed. (cid:1) Driving on roads where the road sur- face is pitted or has other differences in surface height.

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Brake pad wear limit indicators

The brake pad wear limit indicators on your disc brakes give a warning noise when the brake pads are worn to where replacement is required. If you hear a squealing or scraping noise while driving, have the brake pads checked and replaced by your Toyota dealer as soon as possible. Expensive ro- tor damage can result if the pads are not replaced when necessary.

”ABS” warning light The light comes on when the ignition key is turned to the ”ON” position. After a few seconds, the light will go off. If either of the following conditions occurs, this indicates a malfunction somewhere in the parts monitored by the warning light system. Contact your Toyota dealer as soon as possible to service the vehicle. (cid:1) The

light does not come on as de-

scribed above, or remains on.

(cid:1) The light comes on while driving. Even if the anti- lock brake system should fail, the brake system will still operate conventionally. However, when the ”ABS” warning light is on (and the brake system warning light is off), the anti- lock brake system is not assisting brake performance so lock- up during sudden braking or braking on slippery road surfaces. Have your vehicle checked by your Toyota dealer as soon as pos- sible.

the wheels can

that

Type A

Type B

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luggage or cargo

Luggage stowage precautions When stowing vehicle, observe the following: (cid:1) Put luggage or cargo in the trunk when at all possible. Be sure all items are secured in place.

the

in

(cid:1) Be careful

to keep

the vehicle bal- anced. Locating the weight as far for- ward as possible helps maintain bal- ance.

(cid:1) For better fuel economy, do not carry

unneeded weight.

CAUTION

(cid:1) To prevent

luggage or packages from sliding forward during braking, do not stack anything in the en- larged trunk. Keep luggage or pack- ages low, as close to the floor as possible.

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Your Toyota’s identification— —Vehicle identification number

The vehicle identification number (VIN) is the legal identifier for your vehicle. This number is on the left top of the instrument panel, and can be seen through the windshield from outside. This is the primary identification number for your Toyota. It is used in registering the ownership of your vehicle.

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(cid:1) Never allow anyone to ride in the enlarged trunk. It is not designed for passengers. They should ride in their seats with their seat belts properly fastened. Otherwise, they are much more likely to suffer seri- ous bodily injury, in the event of sudden braking or a collision.

(cid:1) Do not place anything on the filler panel behind the rear seatback or luggage cover. Such items may be thrown about and possibly injure people in the vehicle during sudden braking or an accident.

(cid:1) Do not drive with objects left on top of the instrument panel. They may interfere with the driver’s field of view. Or they may move during sharp vehicle acceleration or turn- ing, and impair the driver’s control of the vehicle. In an accident they may injure the vehicle occupants.

NOTICE

Do not load the vehicle beyond the vehicle capacity weight specified in Part 8.

—Engine number

The vehicle identification number (VIN) is also on the Certification Label.

The engine number is stamped on the engine block as shown.

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Theft prevention labels (except for Canada) Your new vehicle carries theft preven- tion labels which are approximately 56
mm (2.20 in.) by 16 mm (0.63 in.). The purpose of these labels is to reduce the incidence of vehicle thefts by facilitat- ing the tracing and recovery of parts from stolen vehicles. The label is designed so that once it is applied to a surface, any attempt to remove it will result in destroy- ing the integrity of the label. Transferring these labels intact from one part to anoth- er, will be impossible.

NOTICE

You should not attempt to remove the theft prevention labels as it may vio- late certain state or federal laws.

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Suspension and chassis

CAUTION

Do not modify the suspension/chassis with lift kits, spacers, springs, etc. It can cause dangerous vehicle handling characteristics, resulting loss of control.

in

Types of tires Determine what kind of tires your ve- hicle is originally equipped with. 1. Summer tires Summer tires are high- speed capability tires best suited to highway driving under dry conditions. Since summer tires do not have the same traction performance as snow tires, sum- mer tires are inadequate for driving on snow- covered or icy roads. For driving on snow- covered or icy roads, we recom- mend using snow tires. If installing snow tires, be sure to replace all four tires. 2. All season tires All season tires are designed to provide better traction in snow and to be adequate for driving in most winter conditions, as well as for use all year round. All season tires, however, do not have adequate traction performance compared with snow tires in heavy or loose snow. Also, all season tires fall short in accel- eration performance compared with summer tires in highway driving.

handling

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CAUTION

(cid:1) Do not mix summer and all season tires on your vehicle as this can cause dangerous handling charac- teristics, resulting in loss of con- trol.

(cid:1) Do not use tires other than the manufacturer’s designated tires, and do not mix tires or wheels of the sizes different from the originally equipped tires and wheels.

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Part 3
STARTING AND DRIVING

(cid:1) Before starting the engine (cid:1) How to start the engine (cid:1) Tips for driving in various

conditions

(cid:1) Winter driving tips (cid:1) Trailer towing (cid:1) How to save fuel and make your vehicle last longer, too

Before starting the engine 1. Check the area around the vehicle be-

fore entering it.

2. Adjust seat position, seatback angle, restraint height and steering

head wheel angle.

3. Adjust mirrors.

inside and outside

rear view

4. Lock all doors. 5. Fasten seat belts.

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How to start the engine— (a) Before cranking 1. Apply the parking brake firmly. 2. Turn off unnecessary lights and acces-

sories.

into neutral. Hold

3. Manual transmission: Press the clutch pedal to the floor and shift the trans- mission the clutch pedal to the floor until the engine is started. A starter safety device will pre- vent the starter from operating if the clutch pedal is not fully depressed. Automatic transmission: Put the se- lector lever in ”P”. If you need to re- start the engine while the vehicle is moving, put the selector lever in ”N”. A starter safety device will prevent the starter the selector lever is in any drive position.

from operating if

4. Automatic

transmission only: De- press the brake pedal and hold it to the floor until driving off.

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in various

for driving

Tips conditions (cid:1) Always slow down in gusty crosswinds. This will allow you much better control. (cid:1) Drive slowly onto curbs and, if pos- sible, at a right angle. Avoid driving onto high, sharp- edged objects and other road hazards. Failure to do so can lead to severe tire damage result- ing in tire bursts.

they

(cid:1) When parking on a hill, turn the front wheels until touch the curb so that the vehicle will not roll. Apply the parking brake, and place the transmis- sion in ”P” (automatic) or in first or reverse (manual). If necessary, block the wheels.

(cid:1) Washing your vehicle or driving through deep water may get the brakes wet. To see whether they are wet, check that there is no traffic near you, and then press the pedal lightly. If you do not feel a normal braking force, the brakes are probably wet. To dry them, drive the vehicle cautiously while lightly pressing the brake pedal with the park- ing brake pulled. If they still do not work safely, pull to the side of the road and call a Toyota dealer for assistance.

NOTICE

(cid:1) Do not crank for more than 30 se- conds at a time. This may overheat the starter and wiring systems.

(cid:1) Do not race a cold engine. (cid:1) If the engine becomes difficult to start or stalls frequently, have the engine checked immediately.

(b) Starting the engine Before starting the engine, be sure to fol- low the instructions in ”(a) Before crank- ing”. Normal starting procedure The multiport fuel injection system/sequen- tial multiport fuel injection system in your engine automatically controls the proper air- fuel mixture for starting. You can start a cold or hot engine as follows: 1. With your foot off the accelerator ped- al, crank the engine by turning the key to ”START”. Release it when the en- gine starts.

2. After the engine runs for about 10 se-

conds, you are ready to drive.

If the weather is below freezing, let the engine warm up for a few minutes before driving. If the engine stalls... Simply restart it, using the correct proce- dure given in normal starting. If the engine will not start... See ”If your vehicle will not start” in Part 4.

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CAUTION

(cid:1) Before driving off, make sure that the parking brake is fully released and reminder light is off.

the parking brake

(cid:1) Do not

leave your vehicle unat- tended while the engine is running. (cid:1) Do not rest your foot on the brake pedal while driving. It can cause dangerous overheating, needless wear, and poor fuel economy.

(cid:1) To drive down a long or steep hill, reduce your speed and downshift. Remember, if you ride the brakes excessively, they may overheat and not work properly.

(cid:1) Be careful when accelerating, up- shifting, downshifting or braking on a slippery surface. Sudden accelera- tion or engine braking could cause the vehicle to spin or skid.

tire dealer

(cid:1) Do not drive in excess of the speed limit. Even if the legal speed limit permits it, do not drive over 140
km/h (85 mph) unless your vehicle has high- speed capability tires. Driving over 140 km/h (85 mph) may result in tire failure, loss of control and possible injury. Be sure to con- sult a to determine whether the tires on your vehicle are high- speed capability tires or not before driving at such speeds. (cid:1) Do not continue normal driving when the brakes are wet. If they are require a wet, your vehicle will it longer stopping distance, and may pull the brakes are applied. Also, the park- ing brake will not hold the vehicle securely.

to one side when

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Winter driving tips Make sure you have a proper freeze protection of engine coolant. Your coolant must contain ethylene- glycol type coolant for a proper corrosion protection of aluminum components. Use ”Toyota Long Life Coolant” or equivalent. See Chapter 7- 2 for details about coolant type selection.

NOTICE

Do not use alcohol type antifreeze or plain water alone.

When it is extremely cold, we recommend to use 60% solution for your Toyota, to -50°C provide protection down to about (- 58°F). Do not use more than 70% solu- tion for better coolant performance. Check the condition of the battery and cables. Cold temperatures reduce the capacity of any battery, so it must be in top shape to provide enough power for winter start- ing. Chapter 7- 3 tells you how to visually inspect the battery. Your Toyota dealer and most service stations will be pleased to check the level of charge.

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vehicle. Towing

Trailer towing Your vehicle is designed primarily as a passenger- carrying trailer will have an adverse effect on handling, performance, braking, durability and driving economy (fuel consumption, etc.). Your safety and satisfaction depend on the proper use of correct equipment and cautious driving habits. For your safety and the safety of others, you must not overload your vehicle or trailer. Toyota warranties do not apply to damage or malfunction caused by towing a trailer for commercial purposes. Ask your local further details before Toyota dealer towing. WEIGHT LIMITS Before towing, make sure the total trailer weight, gross vehicle weight, gross axle weight and trailer tongue load are all with- in the limits. The total trailer weight and tongue load can be measured with platform scales found at a highway weighing station, build- ing supply company, trucking company, junk yard, etc.

for

into

in and around

Do not use your parking brake when there is a possibility it could freeze. When parking, put the transmission into ”P” (automatic) or first or reverse (manual) and block the rear wheels. Do not use the parking brake, or snow or the water accumulated parking brake mechanism may freeze, making it hard to release. Keep ice and snow from accumulating under the fenders. Ice and snow built up under your fenders can make steering difficult. During bad winter driving, stop and check under the fenders occasionally. Depending on where you are driving, we recommend you carry some emer- gency equipment. Some of the things you might put in the vehicle are tire chains, window scraper, bag of sand or salt, flares, small shovel, jumper cables, etc.

Make sure the engine oil viscosity is suitable for the cold weather. See Chapter 7- 2 for recommended viscos- ity. Leaving a heavy summer oil in your