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leaded gasoline will cause the three− way catalytic converter to lose its ef- fectiveness and the emission control system to function improperly. Also, this can increase maintenance costs.


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(Research


the recommended


OCTANE RATING Select Octane Rating 87 Octane Number 91) or higher. Use of unleaded fuel with an Octane Rat- ing lower than 87 may result in engine knocking. Persistent knocking can lead to engine damage. If your engine knocks... If you detect heavy knocking even when using if you hear steady knocking while holding a steady speed on level roads, consult your Toyota dealer. However, occasionally, you may notice light knocking for a short time while accel- erating or driving up hills. This is normal and there is no need for concern. GASOLINE CONTAINING DETERGENT ADDITIVES Toyota recommends the use of gasoline that contains detergent additives to avoid build−up of engine deposits.


fuel, or


in


for quality


However, all gasoline sold the U.S. contains detergent additives to keep clean and/or clean intake systems. QUALITY GASOLINE Automotive manufacturers in the U.S., Europe and Japan have developed a specification fuel named World−Wide Fuel Charter (WWFC) that is expected to be applied world wide. The WWFC consists of four categories that depend on required emission lev- els. In the U.S., category 3 or 4 has been adopted. The WWFC improves air quality by providing for better emis- sions in vehicle fleets, and customer satisfaction through better vehicle per- formance. CLEANER BURNING GASOLINE Cleaner burning gasoline, including re- formulated gasoline that contains oxy- genates such as ethanol or MTBE is available in many areas. Toyota recommends the use of cleaner burning gasoline and appropriately blended reformulated gasoline. These types of gas- oline provide excellent vehicle perfor- mance, reduce vehicle emissions, and im- prove air quality.


If you use gasohol


OXYGENATES IN GASOLINE Toyota allows the use of oxygenate blended gasoline where the oxygenate content is up to 10% ethanol or 15% MTBE. in your Toyota, be sure that it has an octane rating no lower than 87. Toyota does not recommend the use of gasoline containing methanol. GASOLINE CONTAINING MMT Some gasoline contain an octane en- hancing additive called MMT (Methylcy- clopentadienyl Manganese Tricarbonyl). Toyota does not recommend the use of gasoline that contains MMT. If fuel con- taining MMT is used, your emission con- trol system may be adversely affected. The Malfunction Indicator Lamp on the in- strument cluster may come on. If this hap- pens, contact your Toyota dealer for ser- vice. GASOLINE QUALITY In a very few cases, you may experience driveability problems caused by the partic- ular gasoline that you are using. If you continue to have unacceptable driveability, try changing gasoline brands. If this does not rectify your problem, then consult your Toyota dealer.


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NOTICE


(cid:1) Do not use gasohol other than stated above. It will cause fuel sys- tem damage or vehicle performance problems.


(cid:1) If driveability problems occur (poor hot starting, vaporizing, engine knock, etc.), discontinue the use.


(cid:1) Take care not to spill gasohol dur- ing refueling. Gasohol may cause paint damage.


FUEL TANK CAPACITY


87 L (23.0 gal., 19.1 Imp. gal.)


Fuel pump shut off system The fuel pump shut off system stops sup- plying fuel to the engine to minimize the risk of fuel leakage when the engine stalls or an airbag inflates upon collision. To restart the engine after the fuel pump shut off system activates, ignition switch to “ACC” or “LOCK” once and start it.


turn


the


Operation in foreign countries If you plan to drive your Toyota another country... First, comply with the vehicle registration laws. Second, confirm the availability of the cor- rect fuel (unleaded and minimum octane number).


in


CAUTION


Inspect the ground under the vehicle before restarting the engine. If you leaked onto the find that fuel has ground, fuel system has been damaged and is in need of repair. In this case, do not restart the engine.


the


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Three−way catalytic converters


CY20011


The three−way catalytic converter is an emission control device installed in the exhaust system. The purpose is to reduce pollutants in the exhaust gas.


CAUTION


(cid:1) Keep people and combustible mate- rials away from the exhaust pipe while the engine is running. The exhaust gas is very hot.


(cid:1) Do not


idle or park your vehicle over anything that might burn easi- ly such as grass, leaves, paper or rags.


332


NOTICE


A large amount of unburned gases flowing into the three−way catalytic converter may cause it to overheat and create a fire hazard. To prevent this and other damage, observe the following precautions: (cid:1) Use only unleaded gasoline. (cid:1) Do not drive with an extremely low fuel level; running out of fuel could cause the engine to misfire, creat- ing an excessive load on the three− way catalytic converter.


(cid:1) Do not allow the engine to run at idle speed for more than 20 min- utes.


(cid:1) Avoid racing the engine. (cid:1) Do not push−start or pull−start your


vehicle.


(cid:1) Do not turn off the ignition while


the vehicle is moving.


(cid:1) Keep your engine in good running order. Malfunctions in the engine electrical system, electronic ignition system/distributor ignition system or fuel systems could cause an ex- tremely high three−way catalytic converter temperature.


(cid:1) If the engine becomes difficult to start or stalls frequently, take your vehicle in for a check−up as soon as possible. Remember, your Toyota dealer knows your vehicle and its three−way catalytic converter sys- tem best.


(cid:1) To ensure that the three−way catalytic converter and the entire emission control system operate properly, your vehicle must receive the periodic inspections required by the Toyota Maintenance Schedule. For maintenance information, refer to the “Scheduled Maintenance Guide” or “Owner’s Manual Supplement”.


scheduled


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Engine exhaust cautions


CAUTION


(cid:1) Avoid inhaling the engine exhaust. It contains carbon monoxide, which is a colorless and odorless gas. It can cause unconsciousness or even death.


(cid:1) Make sure the exhaust system has no holes or loose connections. The system should be checked from time to time. If you hit something, or notice a change in the sound of the the system exhaust, have checked immediately.


(cid:1) Do not run the engine in a garage or enclosed area except the time needed to drive the vehicle in or out. The exhaust gases cannot escape, making this a particularly dangerous situation.


for


(cid:1) Do not remain for a long time in a parked vehicle with the engine run- ning. If it is unavoidable, however, do so only in an unconfined area and adjust the heating or cooling system to force outside air into the vehicle.


(cid:1) Keep the back door and back win- dow closed while driving. An open or unsealed back door and back window, may cause exhaust gases to be drawn into the vehicle.


(cid:1) To allow proper operation of your vehicle’s ventilation system, keep the inlet grilles in front of the wind- shield clear of snow, leaves, or oth- er obstructions.


(cid:1) If you smell exhaust fumes in the the windows and vehicle, open close the back door and back win- dow to ensure plenty of fresh air enters the vehicle. If you can smell exhaust fumes even though there are no other vehicles in the sur- rounding area, have your vehicle checked by your Toyota dealer. Continued inhalation of exhaust fumes can lead to death by gas poi- soning.


Facts about engine oil consumption FUNCTIONS OF ENGINE OIL Engine oil has the primary functions of lubricating and cooling the inside of the engine, and plays a major role in main- taining the engine in proper working order. ENGINE OIL CONSUMPTION It is normal that an engine should con- sume some engine oil during normal engine operation. The causes of oil consumption in a normal engine are as follows. (cid:1) Oil is used to lubricate pistons, piston rings and cylinders. A thin film of oil is left on the cylinder wall when a pis- ton moves downwards in the cylinder. High negative pressure generated when the vehicle is decelerating sucks some of this oil into the combustion chamber. This oil as well as some part of the oil film left on the cylinder wall is burned by temperature combustion gases during the combustion process. (cid:1) Oil is also used to lubricate the stems of the intake valves. Some of this oil is sucked into the combustion chamber together with is burned along with the fuel. High tem- perature exhaust gases also burn the oil used to lubricate the exhaust valve stems.


intake air and


the high


the


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The amount of engine oil consumed de- pends on the viscosity of the oil, the quality of the oil and the conditions the vehicle is driven under. More oil is consumed by high−speed driv- ing and frequent acceleration and decel- eration. A new engine consumes more oil, since its pistons, piston rings and cylinder walls have not become conditioned. Oil consumption: Max. 1.0 L per 1000
km (1.1 qt./600 miles, 0.9 Imp. qt./600
miles) When judging the amount of oil con- sumption, note that the oil may become diluted and make it difficult to judge the true level accurately. As an example, if a vehicle is used for repeated short trips, and consumes a nor- mal amount of oil, the dipstick may not show any drop in the oil level at all, even after 1000 km (600 miles) or more. This is because the oil is gradually becoming diluted with fuel or moisture, making it ap- pear that the oil level has not changed. ingredients evaporate out The diluting when the vehicle is then driven at high speeds, as on an expressway, making it appear that oil is excessively consumed after driving at high speeds. 334


IMPORTANCE OF ENGINE OIL LEVEL CHECK One of the most important points in prop- er vehicle maintenance is to keep the en- gine oil at the optimum level so that oil function will not be impaired. Therefore, it is essential that the oil level be checked regularly. Toyota recommends that the oil level be checked every time you refuel the vehicle.


NOTICE


Failure to check the oil level regularly could lead to serious engine trouble due to insufficient oil.


For detailed information on oil level check, see “Checking level” on page 420 in Section 7−2.


the engine oil


Iridium−tipped spark plugs (4.7 L V8 [2UZ−FE] engine)


CY20008


Your engine is fitted with iridium−tipped spark plugs.


NOTICE


Use only iridium−tipped spark plugs. Do not adjust gaps for engine perfor- mance or smooth driveability.


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Brake system This brake system has 2 independent hy- draulic circuits. If either circuit should fail, the other will still work. However, the ped- al will be harder to press, and your stop- ping distance will the brake system warning light may come on.


increase. Also,


CAUTION


Do not drive your vehicle with only a single brake system. Have your brakes fixed immediately.


the brake system warning


BRAKE BOOSTER The brake booster uses brake fluid pres- surized by the pump to power−assist the brakes. If the brake booster fails during driving, light comes on and buzzer sounds continuous- ly. In this case, the brakes may not work properly. If they do not work well, depress the brake pedal firmly. If the brake system warning light comes on, immediately stop your vehicle and contact your Toyota deal- er. It is not a malfunction that the brake sys- tem warning light may stay on for 60 sec- onds after the ignition key is turned to the “ON” position.


the brake pedal


repeatedly Depressing may turn on the brake system warning light and buzzer. It is normal if the light turns off and the buzzer stops sounding after a few seconds. You may hear a small sound in the engine compartment after the engine is started or the brake pedal is depressed repeatedly. This is a pump pulsating sound of the brake system, and it is not a malfunction.


CAUTION


(cid:1) Do not pump the brake pedal if the the fluid


engine stalls. Each push on pedal uses up your brake pressure reserve.


lost,


(cid:1) Even if the power assist


is com- pletely the brakes will still work. But you will have to push the pedal hard, much harder than nor- mal. And your braking distance will increase.


ANTI−LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM (with “ABS” warning light) The anti−lock brake system is designed to help prevent lock−up of the wheels during a sudden braking or braking on slippery road surfaces. This assists in providing directional stability and steer- ing performance of the vehicle under these circumstances.


this situation,


Effective way to press the ABS brake pedal: When the anti−lock brake system function is in action, you may feel the brake pedal pulsating and hear a noise. In the anti−lock brake system work for you, just hold the brake pedal down more firmly. Do not pump the brake in a panic stop. This will result in reduced braking performan- ce.


let


to


The anti−lock brake system becomes op- erative after the vehicle has accelerated to a speed in excess of approximately 10
km/h (6 mph). It stops operating when the vehicle decelerates to a speed below approximately 5 km/h (3 mph).


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Depressing the brake pedal on slippery road surfaces such as on a manhole cov- er, a steel plate at a construction site, joints in a bridge, etc. on a rainy day tends to activate the anti−lock brake sys- tem. You may hear a click or motor sound in the engine compartment for a few seconds when the engine is started or just after the vehicle begins to move. This means that the anti−lock brake system is in the self−check mode, and does not indicate a malfunction. When the anti−lock brake system is ac- tivated, the following conditions may occur. They do not indicate a malfunc- tion of the system: (cid:1) You may hear the anti−lock brake sys- tem operating and feel the brake pedal pulsating and the vibrations of the ve- hicle body and steering wheel. You may also hear the motor sound in the engine compartment even after the ve- hicle is stopped.


(cid:1) At the end of the anti−lock brake sys- the brake pedal may


tem activation, move a little forward.


(cid:1) Driving with tire chains installed. (cid:1) Driving over the steps such as the


joints on the road.


(cid:1) Driving on roads where the road surface is pitted or has other differ- ences in surface height.


Install all 4 tires of specified size at appropriate pressure: The anti−lock brake system detects vehicle speeds using the speed sensors for respec- tive wheels’ turning speeds. The use of tires other than specified may fail to detect the accurate turning speed resulting longer stopping dis- tance.


in a


CAUTION


Do not overestimate the anti−lock brake system: Although the anti−lock brake system assists in providing ve- hicle control, it is still important to drive with all due care and maintain a moderate speed and safe distance from the vehicle in front of you, be- cause there are limits to the vehicle stability and effectiveness of steering wheel operation even with the anti− lock brake system on. If tire grip performance exceeds its capability, or if hydroplaning occurs during high speed driving in the rain, the anti−lock brake system does not provide vehicle control. Anti−lock brake system is not de- signed to shorten the stopping dis- tance: Always drive at a moderate speed and maintain a safe distance from front of you. Compared with vehicles without an anti−lock brake system, your vehicle may require a longer stopping dis- tance in the following cases: (cid:1) Driving on rough, gravel or snow−


the vehicle


in


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06 06.08


CY20034


CY20032


Type A


Type B


the systems malfunctions,


“ABS” warning light The light comes on when the ignition key is turned to the “ON” position. If the anti− lock brake system and the brake assist system work properly, the light turns off after a few seconds. Thereafter, if either of light comes on again. When the “ABS” warning light is on (and the brake system warning light is off), the following systems do not operate, but the brake system still operates conventionally. (cid:1) Anti−lock brake system (cid:1) Brake assist system (cid:1) Traction control system


the


(two−wheel drive models)


(cid:1) Active traction control system


(four−wheel drive models)


(cid:1) “AUTO LSD” system


(two−wheel drive models)


(cid:1) Vehicle stability control system (cid:1) Downhill assist control system


(four−wheel drive models)


(cid:1) Hill−start assist control system


When the “ABS” warning light is on (and the brake system warning light is off), the anti−lock brake system does not operate so that the wheels will lock up during a sudden braking or braking on slippery road surfaces. “VSC TRAC” warning light may come on with the “ABS” warning light (brake assist system warning light) when there is a mal- function somewhere in the anti−lock brake system (brake assist system). If either of the following conditions oc- curs, this indicates a malfunction some- where in the components monitored by the warning light system. Contact your Toyota dealer as soon as possible to service the vehicle. (cid:1) The light does not come on when the ignition key is turned to the “ON” posi- tion, or remains on.


(cid:1) The light comes on while you are dri-


ving.


A warning light turning on briefly during operation does not indicate a problem.


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CAUTION


If the “ABS” warning light remains on together with the brake system warn- ing light, immediately stop your ve- hicle at a safe place and contact your Toyota dealer. In this case, not only the anti−lock brake system will fail but also the vehicle will become extremely unsta- ble during braking.


Either of the following conditions may occur, but do not indicate a malfunc- tion: (cid:1) The light may stay on for about 60
seconds after the ignition key is turned to the “ON” position. It is normal if it turns off after a while.


(cid:1) Depressing the brake pedal repeatedly may turn on the light. It is normal if it turns off after a few seconds.


DRUM−IN−DISC TYPE PARKING BRAKE SYSTEM Your vehicle has a drum−in−disc type parking brake system. This type of brake system needs bedding−down of the brake shoes periodically or whenever the parking brake shoes and/or drums are replaced. 338


the brakes on,


Have your Toyota dealer perform the bed- ding−down. BRAKE ASSIST SYSTEM When you slam the brake assist system judges as an emer- gency stop and provides more powerful braking for a driver who cannot hold down the brake pedal firmly. When you slam the brakes on, more pow- erful braking will be applied. At this time, you may hear a sound the engine compartment and feel the vibrations of the brake pedal. This does not indicate a mal- function. The brake assist system becomes opera- tive after the vehicle has accelerated to a speed in excess of approximately 10
km/h (6 mph). It stops operating when the vehicle decelerates to a speed below approximately 5 km/h (3 mph). For an explanation of this system’s warn- ing light, see “Service reminder indicators and warning buzzers” on page 147 in Sec- tion 1−6.


in


Brake pad wear limit indicators


CY20004


The brake pad wear limit indicators on your disc brakes give a warning noise when the brake pads are worn to where replacement is required. If you hear a squealing or scraping noise while driving, have the brake pads checked and replaced by your Toyota dealer as soon as possible. Expensive ro- tor damage can result if the pads are not replaced when necessary.


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Limited−slip differential (four−wheel drive models) Your Toyota is equipped with a limited−slip center differential (transfer). If one wheel begins to spin, the limited−slip center dif- ferential (transfer) is designed to aid trac- tion by automatically transmitting driving force to the wheels on the other drive axle. It transmits driving force to the front wheels if a rear wheel spins, and to the rear wheels if a front wheel spins.


CAUTION


Do not start or run the engine while your vehicle is supported by a jack. The vehicle could be driven off the jack and could pose a danger or re- sult in serious injury.


NOTICE


Use only a spare tire of the same brand, size, construction and load ca- pacity as the original tires on your Toyota because damage to the limit- ed−slip differential could possibly oc- cur with another tire type.


Your Toyota’s identification— —Vehicle identification number


CY20013


CY20023


The vehicle identification number (VIN) is also on the Certification Label.


The vehicle identification number (VIN) is the legal identifier for your vehicle. This number is on the left top of the instrument panel, and can be seen through the windshield from outside. This is the primary identification number for your Toyota. It is used in registering the ownership of your vehicle.


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—Engine number


CY20014


4.0 L V6 (1GR−FE) engine


CY20005


4.7 L V8 (2UZ−FE) engine


340


The engine number is stamped on the engine block as shown.


Theft prevention labels (except for Canada) Your new vehicle carries theft preven- tion labels which are approximately 47
mm (1.85 in.) by 12 mm (0.47 in.). The purpose of these labels is to reduce the incidence of vehicle thefts by facilitat- ing the tracing and recovery of parts from stolen vehicles. The label is designed so that once it is applied to a surface, any attempt to remove it will result in destroy- ing the integrity of the label. Transferring these labels intact from one part to anoth- er, will be impossible.


NOTICE


You should not attempt to remove the theft prevention labels as it may vio- late certain state or federal laws.


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Suspension and chassis


CAUTION


Do not modify the suspension/chassis with lift kits, spacers, springs, etc. It can cause dangerous handling charac- teristics resulting in loss of control.


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Tire information— —Tire symbols


CY20028y


This illustration indicates typical tire symbols. 1. Tire size—For details, see “—Tire


size” on page 344.


2. DOT and Tire


Identification Number (TIN)—For details, see “—DOT and Tire Identification Number (TIN)” on page 343.


3. Uniform tire quality grading— For details, see “Uniform tire quali- ty grading” that follows.


4. The location of the tread wear indicators—For see “Checking and replacing tires” on page 427.


details,


5. Tire ply composition and mate- rials—Plies mean a layer of rub- ber−coated parallel cords. Cords mean the strands forming the plies in the tire.


6. Radial tires or bias−ply tires—A radial tire has “RADIAL” on the sidewall. A tire not marked with “RADIAL” is a bias−ply tire.


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7. “TUBELESS”


or


“TUBE TYPE”—A tubeless tire does not have a tube inside the tire and air is directly filled in the tire. A tube type tire has a tube inside the tire and the tube maintains the air pressure.


8. Load limit at maximum cold tire inflation pressure—For details, see “Checking and replacing tires” on page 427.


9. Maximum cold


tire


tire


cold


inflation pressure—This means the pres- sure to which a tire may be in- flated. For details about recom- mended inflation pressure, see “Tires” on page 451. tire or all season tire—An all season tire has “M+S” on tire not marked with “M+S” is a summer tire. For details, see “Types of tires” on page 354.


the sidewall. The


10.Summer


The “DOT” symbol certifies that the tire conforms to applicable Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards.


—DOT and Tire Identification Number (TIN)


CY20027


This illustration indicates typical DOT and Tire Identification Number (TIN). 1. “DOT” symbol 2. Tire Identification Number (TIN) 3. Tire manufacturer’s identification


mark


4. Tire size code 5. Manufacturer’s optional tire type


code (3 or 4 letters) 6. Manufacturing week 7. Manufacturing year


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—Tire size


—Name of each section of tire


CY20029


Z20007


Z20008


This illustration indicates typical tire size. 1. Tire use


(P=Passenger car,


T=Temporary use)


2. Section width (in millimeters) 3. Aspect ratio (tire height to section


width)


4. Tire construction code (R=Radial,


D=Diagonal)


5. Wheel diameter (in inches) 6. Load index (2 digits or 3 digits) 7. Speed symbol (alphabet with one


letter)


344


1. Section width 2. Tire height 3. Wheel diameter


1. Bead 2. Sidewall 3. Shoulder 4. Tread 5. Belt 6. Inner liner 7. Reinforcing rubber 8. Carcass 9. Rim lines 10.Bead wires 11. Chafer


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—Uniform Tire Quality Grading This information has been prepared in accordance with regulations issued by the National Highway Traffic Safe- ty Administration of the U.S. Depart- ment of Transportation. It provides the purchasers and/or prospective purchasers of Toyota vehicles with in- formation on uniform tire quality grad- ing. Your Toyota dealer will help answer any questions you may have as you read this information. DOT quality grades—All passenger vehicle tires must conform to Fed- eral Safety Requirements in addi- tion these grades. Quality grades can be found where appli- cable on the tire sidewall between tread shoulder and maximum sec- tion width. For example: Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A


to


Treadwear—The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested un- der controlled conditions on a speci- fied government test course. For ex- ample, a tire graded 150 would wear one and a half (1−1/2) times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual conditions of their use, however, and may depart significantly from the norm due to variations in driving hab- its, service practices and differences in road characteristics and climate.


Traction AA, A, B, C—The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are AA, A, B, and C, and they represent the tire’s ability to stop on wet pave- ment as measured under controlled conditions on specified government test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor trac- tion performance. Warning: The traction grade assigned to tire is based on braking (straight ahead) traction tests and does not include cornering (turning) traction.


this


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Temperature A, B, C—The tempera- ture grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing the tire’s resis- tance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a specified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and excessive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure. The grade C cor- responds to a level of performance which all passenger car tires must meet under the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No.109. Grades B and A represent higher levels of per- formance on the laboratory test wheel than the minimum required by law. Warning: The temperature grades for this tire are established for a tire that is properly inflated and not over- loaded. Excessive speed, underinfla- tion, or excessive loading, either sep- arately or in combination, can cause heat buildup and possible tire failure.


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—Glossary of tire terminology


Tire related term


Accessory weight


Cold tire inflation pressure


Curb weight


Intended outboard sidewall


Maximum inflation pressure


Maximum loaded vehicle weight


Meaning


the combined weight (in excess of those standard items which may be replaced) of automatic transmission, power steering, power brakes, power windows, power seats, radio, and heater, to the extent that these items are available as factory−installed equipment (whether installed or not) tire inflation pressure when the vehicle has been parked for at least 3
hours or more, or it has not been driven more than 1.5 km or 1 mile under that condition the weight of a motor vehicle with standard equipment including the maximum capacity of fuel, oil, and coolant, and, if so equipped, air conditioning and additional weight optional engine (A) the sidewall that contains a whitewall, bears white lettering or bears


manufacturer, brand, and/or model name molding that is higher or deeper than the same molding on the other sidewall of the tire, or


(B) the outward facing sidewall of an asymmetrical tire that has a particular


side that must always face outward when mounted on a vehicle


the maximum cold inflation pressure to which a tire may be inflated and it is shown on the sidewall of the tire the sum of— (a) curb weight; (b) accessory weight; (c) vehicle capacity weight; and (d) production options weight


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Tire related term


Normal occupant weight


Occupant distribution


Production options weight


Recommended inflation pressure


Rim


Rim diameter (Wheel diameter) Rim size designation Rim type designation Rim width Vehicle capacity weight (Total load capacity)


Vehicle maximum load on the tire


Meaning


68 kg (150 lb.) times the number of occupants specified in the second column of Table 1 that follows distribution of occupants in a vehicle as specified in the third column of Table 1 that follows the combined weight of those installed regular production options weighing over 2.3 kg (5 lb.) in excess of those standard items which they replace, not previously considered in curb weight or accessory weight, including heavy duty brakes, ride levelers, roof rack, heavy duty battery, and special trim cold tire inflation pressure recommended by a manufacturer a metal support for a tire or a tire and tube assembly upon which the tire beads are seated nominal diameter of the bead seat rim diameter and width the industry of manufacturer’s designation for a rim by style or code nominal distance between rim flanges the rated cargo and luggage load plus 68 kg (150 lb.) times the vehicle’s desig- nated seating capacity the load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle its share of the maximum loaded vehicle weight and dividing by two


348


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Tire related term


Meaning


Vehicle normal load on the tire


Weather side


the load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle its share of the curb weight, accessory weight, and normal occupant weight (distributed in accordance with Table 1 that follows) and dividing by two the surface area of the rim not covered by the inflated tire


Table 1—Occupant loading and distribution for vehicle normal load for various designated seating capacities


Designated seating capacity,


number of occupants


Vehicle normal load, number of


occupants


Occupant distribution in a normally


loaded vehicle


2 through 4
5 through 10


2 in front 2 in front, 1 in second seat


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Vehicle load limits Vehicle load limits include total load capacity, seating capacity, towing ca- pacity and cargo capacity. Follow the load limits shown below. Total load ca- pacity and seating capacity are also described on the tire and loading in- formation label. For location of the tire and loading information label, see “Checking tire inflation pressure” on page 425. Total load capacity: With 5 occupants: 431 kg (950 lb.) With 7 occupants:


477 kg (1050 lb.)


Total load capacity means com- bined weight of occupants, cargo and luggage. Tongue load is in- cluded when trailer towing.


Seating capacity:


Without third seats:


Total 5 (Front 2, Rear 3)


With third seats:


Total 7 (Front 2, Rear 5)


Seating capacity means the maxi- mum number of occupants whose estimated average weight is 68 kg (150 lb.) per person. Depending on the weight of each person, the seat- ing capacity given may exceed the total load capacity.


NOTICE


Even if the number of occu- pants are within the seating ca- pacity, do not exceed the total load capacity.


Towing capacity:


For weight carrying hitch


2268 kg (5000 lb.)


Also for weight distributing hitch (4.7 L V8 [2UZ−FE] engine only)


Two−wheel drive models


3311 kg (7300 lb.)


Four−wheel drive models


3175 kg (7000 lb.)


Towing capacity means the maxi- mum gross trailer weight (trailer weight plus its cargo weight) that your vehicle is able to tow.


350


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Cargo capacity Cargo capacity may increase or de- crease depending on the size (weight) and the number of occupants. For de- tails, see “Capacity and distribution” that follows.


CAUTION


Do not apply the load more than each load limit. That may cause not only damage to the tires, but also deterioration to the steering ability and braking ability, which may cause an accident.


Cargo and luggage— —Stowage precautions When stowing cargo and luggage in the vehicle, observe the following: (cid:1) Put cargo and luggage in the lug- gage compartment when at all possible. Be sure all items are se- cured in place.


(cid:1) Be careful to keep the vehicle bal- anced. Locating the weight as far forward as possible helps maintain balance.


(cid:1) For better fuel economy, do not


carry unneeded weight.


CAUTION


(cid:1) To prevent cargo and luggage from sliding forward during braking, do not stack anything in the luggage compartment higher the seatbacks. Keep cargo and luggage low, as close to the floor as pos- sible.


than


(cid:1) Do not store more than 91 kg (200 lb.) of cargo and luggage in the luggage compartment. If the third seats are occupied, do not store cargo and luggage in the luggage compartment. (cid:1) Do not place anything on the flattened seat or it may slide forward during braking.


(cid:1) Never allow anyone to ride in the luggage compartment. It is not designed for passengers. They should ride in their seats with their seat belts properly fastened. Otherwise, they are much more likely to suffer seri- ous bodily injury, in the event of sudden braking or a colli- sion.


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(cid:1) Do not place anything on the luggage cover. Such items may be thrown about and possibly injure people in the vehicle during sudden braking or an accident. Secure all items in a safe place.


(cid:1) Do not drive with objects left on top of the instrument panel. They may interfere with the driver’s field of view. Or they may move during sharp vehicle acceleration or turning, and im- pair the driver’s control of the vehicle. In an accident they may injure the vehicle occu- pants.


—Capacity and distribution Cargo capacity depends on the to- tal weight of the occupants. (Cargo capacity) = (Total load capac- ity) – (Total weight of occupants) Steps Load Limit— (1) Locate the statement “The com- bined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs.” on your vehicle’s placard.


for Determining Correct


(2) Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that will be riding in your vehicle.


(3) Subtract the combined weight of the driver and passengers from XXX kg or XXX lbs.


(4) The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity. For exam- ple, if the “XXX” amount equals 1400 lbs. and there will be five 150 lb passengers in your ve- hicle, the amount of available cargo and luggage load capacity is (1400–750
lbs. (5x150)=650 lbs.)


650


(5) Determine the combined weight luggage and cargo being of loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4. If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle. Consult this manual to determine how this reduces the available cargo and luggage load capacity of your vehicle.


(6)


For details about trailer towing, see page 362.


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CAUTION


Even if the total load of occu- pant’s weight and the cargo load is less than the total load capac- ity, do not apply the load uneven- ly. That may cause not only dam- age to the tire but also deteriora- tion to the steering ability due to unbalance of the vehicle, causing an accident.


From this condition, if 3 more passen- gers with the combined weight of 176
kg (388 lb.) get on, the available car- go and luggage load will be reduced as follows:


With 5 occupants:


265 kg – 176 kg = 89 kg. (584 lb. – 388 lb. = 196 lb.)


With 7 occupants:


311 kg – 176 kg = 135 kg. (683 lb. – 388 lb. = 295 lb.)


As shown in the above example, if the number of occupants increases, the cargo and luggage load equaling the combined weight of occupants who got on later must be reduced. In other words, if the increase in the number of occupants causes the excess of the total load capacity (combined weight of occupants plus cargo and luggage load), you have to reduce the cargo and luggage on your vehicle. For details about total load capacity, see “Vehicle load limits” on page 350.


Z20004


Cargo capacity


Total load capacity


Example on Your Vehicle In case that 2 people with the com- bined weight of 166 kg (366 lb.) are riding in your vehicle with the total load capacity of 431 kg (950 lb.), the available amount of cargo and lug- gage load capacity will be as follows:


With 5 occupants:


431 kg – 166 kg = 265 kg. (950 lb. – 366 lb. = 584 lb.)


With 7 occupants:


477 kg – 166 kg = 311 kg. (1050 lb. – 366 lb. = 684 lb.)


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Cargo capacity


Weight of the removed third seat


CY20024


CONFIGURATION


SEATING VARIATION In case of removing the rear seats, it is possible to load as much cargo as the weight of the removed seats. (Cargo capacity) = (Total load capac- ity) − (Total weight of occupants) + (Weight of the removed rear seats) Rear seats weights:


Each seat 11 kg (24 lb.)


Types of tires Determine what kind of tires your vehicle is originally equipped with. 1. Summer tires Summer tires are high−speed capabil- ity tires best suited to highway driving under dry conditions. Since summer tires do not have the same traction performance as snow tires, summer tires are inadequate for driving on snow−covered or icy roads. For driving on snow−covered or icy roads, we recommend using snow tires. If installing snow tires, be sure to replace all four tires. 2. All season tires All season tires are designed to pro- vide better traction in snow and to be adequate for driving in most winter conditions, as well as for use all year round.


traction


All season tires, however, do not have adequate performance compared with snow tires in heavy or loose snow. Also, all season tires fall short in acceleration and handling performance compared with summer tires in highway driving. The details about how to distinguish summer tires from all season tires are described on page 342.


CAUTION


(cid:1) Do not mix summer and all sea- son tires on your vehicle as this can cause dangerous han- dling characteristics, resulting in loss of control.


(cid:1) Do not use tire other than the manufacturer’s designated tires, and never mix tires or wheels of the sizes different from the originals.


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SECTION 3


STARTING AND DRIVING Starting and driving Before starting the engine How to start the engine Tips for driving in various conditions Off−road driving precautions Winter driving tips Dinghy towing Trailer towing How to save fuel and make your vehicle last longer


. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


356
356
357
359
360
361
362
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Before starting the engine 1. Check the area around the vehicle be-


fore entering it.


2. Adjust seat position, seatback angle, restraint


seat cushion angle, head height and steering wheel angle.


3. Adjust the inside and outside rear view


mirrors.


4. Lock all doors. 5. Fasten seat belts.


How to start the engine— —Cranking hold function Once you turn the ignition key to “START” position and release it, the cranking hold function continues to crank the engine in “ON” position until it starts. The the engine after about 25 seconds maximum if the engine has not started yet. When you crank the engine again, wait a few sec- onds and restart it. If you hold the key in “START” position, the function will keep cranking for about 30 seconds maximum.


function stops cranking


(a) Before cranking 1. Apply the parking brake firmly. 2. Turn off unnecessary lights and acces-


sories.


3. Put the selector lever in “P”. If you need to restart the engine while the vehicle is moving, put the selector le- ver in “N”. A starter safety device will prevent the starter from operating if the selector lever is in any drive position. 4. Depress the brake pedal and hold it to


the floor until driving off.


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(b) Starting the engine Before starting the engine, be sure to fol- low the instructions in “(a) Before crank- ing”. Normal starting procedure The multiport fuel injection system/sequen- tial multiport fuel injection system in your engine automatically controls the proper air−fuel mixture for starting. You can start a cold or hot engine as follows: With your foot off the accelerator pedal, turn the ignition key to “START” position, then release it. Engine should be warmed up by driving, not in idle. For warming up, drive with smoothly turning engine until engine cool- ant temperature is within normal range. If the engine stalls... Simply restart it, using the correct proce- dure given in normal starting. If the engine will not start... See “If your vehicle will not start” on page 374 in Section 4.


NOTICE


(cid:1) Do not race a cold engine. (cid:1) If the engine becomes difficult to start or stalls frequently, have the engine checked immediately.


Tips for driving in various conditions (cid:1) Always slow down in gusty crosswinds. This will allow you much better control. (cid:1) Drive slowly onto curbs and, if pos- sible, at a right angle. Avoid driving onto high, sharp−edged objects and other road hazards. Failure to do so can lead to severe tire damage such as a tire burst. Drive slowly when passing over bumps or travelling on a bumpy road. Other- wise, the impact could cause severe damage to the tires and/or wheels.


they


(cid:1) When parking on a hill, turn the front wheels until touch the curb so that the vehicle will not roll. Apply the parking brake, and place the transmis- sion the wheels.


If necessary, block


in “P”.


(cid:1) Washing your vehicle or driving through deep water may get the brakes wet. To see whether they are wet, check that there is no traffic near you, and then press the pedal lightly. If you do not feel a normal braking force, the brakes are probably wet. To dry them, drive the vehicle cautiously while lightly pressing the brake pedal with the park- ing brake applied. If they still do not work safely, pull to the side of the road and call a Toyota dealer for assistance. 357


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(cid:1) Vehicles with rear height control air suspension: When you drive on a bumpy road, is recommended that the vehicle height should be set in the “N” (normal) or “H” (high) mode.


it


CAUTION


(cid:1) Before driving off, make sure that the parking brake is fully released and reminder light is off.


the parking brake


(cid:1) Do not


leave your vehicle unat- tended while the engine is running. (cid:1) Do not rest your foot on the brake pedal while driving. It can cause dangerous overheating, needless wear, and poor fuel economy.


(cid:1) To drive down a long or steep hill, reduce your speed and downshift. Remember, if you ride the brakes excessively, they may overheat and not work properly.


(cid:1) Be careful when accelerating, up- shifting, downshifting or braking on a slippery surface. Sudden accelera- tion or engine braking, could cause the vehicle to skid or spin.


358


If you drive


(cid:1) Vehicles with rear height control air suspension: through deep water over about 700 mm (28
in.) in depth, put the vehicle height in the “H” (high) mode with the height select switch and then turn off the rear height control air sus- pension by pushing the “HEIGHT CONTROL OFF” switch. Drive your vehicle at 30 km/h (19 mph) or low- er speed.


tire dealer


(cid:1) Do not drive in excess of the speed limit. Even if the legal speed limit permits it, do not drive over 140
km/h (85 mph) unless your vehicle has high−speed capability tires. Driving over 140 km/h (85 mph) may result in tire failure, loss of control and possible injury. Be sure to con- sult a to determine whether the tires on your vehicle are high−speed capability tires or not before driving at such speeds. (cid:1) Do not continue normal driving when the brakes are wet. If they are require a wet, your vehicle will it longer stopping distance, and may pull the brakes are applied. Also, the park- ing brake will not hold the vehicle securely.


to one side when


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Off−road driving precautions When driving your vehicle off−road, please observe the following precautions to en- sure your driving enjoyment and to help prevent the closure of areas to off−road vehicles. a. Drive your vehicle only in areas where off−road vehicles are permitted to trav- el.


b. Respect private property. Get owner’s permission before entering private prop- erty.


c. Do not enter areas


that are closed. Honor gates, barriers and signs that re- strict travel.


d. Stay on established roads. When condi- tions are wet, driving techniques should be changed or travel delayed to pre- vent damage to roads.


For owners in U.S. mainland, Hawaii and Puerto Rico: To obtain additional information pertaining to driving your vehicle off−road, consult the following organizations. (cid:1) State and Local Parks and Recreation


Departments


(cid:1) State Motor Vehicle Bureau


(cid:1) Recreational Vehicle Clubs (cid:1) U.S. Forest Service and Bureau of


Land Management


CAUTION


Always observe the following precau- tions to minimize the risk of serious personal injury or damage to your ve- hicle: (cid:1) Drive carefully when off the road. Do not take unnecessary risks by driving in dangerous places.


(cid:1) Do not grip


the steering wheel spokes when driving off−road. A bad bump could jerk the wheel and injure your hands. Keep both hands and especially your thumbs on the outside of the rim.


(cid:1) Always check your brakes for effec- tiveness immediately after driving in sand, mud, water or snow.


(cid:1) After driving


through


tall grass, mud, rock, sand, rivers, etc., check that there is no grass, bush, paper, rags, stone, sand, etc. adhering or trapped on the underbody. Clear off any such matter from the under- body. If the vehicle is used with these materials trapped or adhering to the underbody, a breakdown or fire could occur.


(cid:1) In a rollover crash, an unbelted per- son is significantly more likely to die than a person wearing a seat belt. Therefore, the driver and all passengers should fasten their seat belts whenever the vehicle is mov- ing.


jump, make sharp


(cid:1) When driving off−road or in rugged terrain, do not drive at excessive speeds, turns, strike objects, etc. This may cause loss of control or vehicle rollover causing death or serious injury. You are also risking expensive damage to your vehicle’s suspension and chassis.


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NOTICE


(cid:1) If driving through water, such as when crossing shallow streams, first check the depth of the water and the bottom of the river bed for firmness. Drive slowly and avoid deep water.


(cid:1) Take all necessary safety measures to ensure that water damage to the engine or other components does not occur. Water entering the engine air intake will cause severe engine damage.


(cid:1) Water entering the automatic trans- mission will cause deterioration in shift quality, locking up of your transmission accompanied by vibra- tion, and ultimately damage. Water can wash the grease from wheel bearings, causing rusting and premature failure, and may also en- ter the differentials, transmission and transfer case, reducing the gear oil’s lubricating qualities.


(cid:1) Sand and mud that has accumulated in brake drums and around brake discs may affect braking efficiency and may damage brake system com- ponents.


(cid:1) Always perform a maintenance inspection after each day of off−road driving that has taken you through rough terrain, sand, mud, or scheduled maintenance information, refer to the “Scheduled Maintenance Guide” or “Owner’s Manual Supplement”.


water.


For


Winter driving tips Make sure your coolant is properly pro- tected against freezing. Only use “Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” or similar high quality ethylene glycol based non−silicate, non−amine, non−nitrite, and non−borate coolant with long−life hy- brid organic acid technology. (Coolant with long−life hybrid organic acid technology is a combination of low phosphates and or- ganic acids.) See “Checking the engine coolant level” on page 422 in Section 7−2 for details of coolant type selection. For the U.S.A.—“Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” is a mixture of 50% coolant and 50% deionized water. This coolant pro- vides protection down to about −35(cid:2)C (−31(cid:2)F). For the Canada—“Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” is a mixture of 55% coolant and 45% deionized water. This coolant pro- vides protection down to about −42(cid:2)C (−44(cid:2)F).


NOTICE


Do not use plain water alone.


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Check the condition of the battery and cables. Cold temperatures reduce the capacity of any battery, so it must be in top shape to provide enough power for winter starting. Section 7−3 tells you how to visually in- spect the battery. Your Toyota dealer and most service stations will be pleased to check the level of charge. Make sure the engine oil viscosity is suitable for the cold weather. See page 420 in Section 7−2 for recom- mended viscosity. Leaving a heavy sum- mer oil in your vehicle during winter months may cause harder starting. If you are not sure about which oil to use, call your Toyota dealer—they will be pleased to help. Keep the door locks from freezing. Squirt lock de−icer or glycerine into the locks to keep them from freezing. Use a washer fluid containing an anti- freeze solution. This product is available at your Toyota dealer and most auto parts stores. Follow the manufacturer’s directions for how much to mix with water.


NOTICE


Do not use engine antifreeze or any other substitute because it may dam- age your vehicle’s paint.


in and around


Do not use your parking brake when there is a possibility it could freeze. When parking, put the transmission into “P” and block the front wheels. Do not use the parking brake, or snow or water accumulated the parking brake mechanism may freeze, making it hard to release. Keep ice and snow from accumulating under the fenders. Ice and snow built up under your fenders can make steering difficult. During bad winter driving, stop and check under the fenders occasionally. Depending on where you are driving, we recommend you carry some emer- gency equipment. Some of the things you might put in the vehicle are tire chains, window scraper, bag of sand or salt, flares, small shovel, jumper cables, etc.


Dinghy towing


CY30020


Your vehicle to be dinghy towed (with four wheels on the ground) behind a motorhome.


is not designed


NOTICE


Do not tow your vehicle with four wheels on the ground. This may cause serious damage to your vehicle.


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Trailer towing Your vehicle is designed primarily as a passenger−and−load−carrying vehicle. Tow- ing a trailer will have an adverse effect on handling, performance, braking, durability and driving economy (fuel consumption, etc.). Your safety and satisfaction depend on the proper use of correct equipment and cautious driving habits. For your safe- ty and the safety of others, you must not overload your vehicle or trailer. Ask your local Toyota dealer for further details be- fore towing.


CAUTION


WEIGHT LIMITS Before towing, make sure the total trail- er weight, gross combination weight, gross vehicle weight, gross axle weight and trailer tongue load are all within the limits. The total trailer weight and tongue load can be measured with platform scales found at a highway weighing station, build- ing supply company, trucking company, junk yard, etc.


(low) mode and push


Vehicles with rear height control air suspension: When disconnecting a trailer, put the vehicle height in the “LO” the “HEIGHT CONTROL OFF” switch to turn off the rear height control air suspension. Otherwise, the vehicle height may be changed in the auto- matic in accident. For details see “Rear height control air suspension” on page 184
in Section 1−7.


leveling function, resulting


CY30023


For weight carrying hitch


CY30024


362


Also for weight distributing hitch


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CAUTION


(cid:1) According


(cid:1) The maximum gross trailer weight (trailer weight plus cargo weight) must never exceed the following for vehicle with equipped. For details, contact your Toyota dealer. the hitch


receiver type, trailer weight and hitch that can be used differs. Refer to the above illustra- tions to confirm the hitch receiver type for your vehicle. For weight carrying hitch


the maximum gross


to


2268 kg (5000 lb.)


Also for weight distributing hitch (4.7 L V8 [2UZ−FE] engine only)


Two−wheel drive models


3311 kg (7300 lb.)


Four−wheel drive models


3175 kg (7000 lb.)


(2000 lb.),


If towing a trailer and cargo weigh- ing over 2268 kg (5000 lb.), Toyota recommends to use a weight dis- tributing hitch. If towing a trailer and cargo weigh- ing over 907 kg is necessary to use a sway control device with sufficient capacity. The combination of trailer weight added to the total weight of the vehicle, occupants and vehicle cargo must never exceed a total of the following. For weight carrying hitch


the gross


it


4.0 L V6 (1GR−FE) engine


4354 kg (9600 lb.)


4.7 L V8 (2UZ−FE) engine


4422 kg (9750 lb.) Also for weight distributing hitch (4.7 L V8 [2UZ−FE] engine only) 5443 kg (12000 lb.)


Exceeding the maximum weight of the trailer, the vehicle, or the ve- hicle and trailer combination, can cause an accident resulting in seri- ous personal injuries.


CY30015


(cid:1) Trailer hitch assemblies have differ- ent weight capacities established by the hitch manufacturer. Even though the vehicle may be physically capa- ble of towing a higher weight, the operator must determine the maxi- mum weight rating of the particular hitch assembly and never exceed the maximum weight rating speci- fied for the trailer−hitch. Exceeding the maximum weight rating set by the trailer hitch manufacturer can cause an accident resulting in seri- ous personal injuries.


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indicated on


(cid:1) The gross vehicle weight must not exceed the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) the Certification Label. The gross vehi- cle weight is the sum of weights of the unloaded vehicle, driver, pas- sengers, luggage, hitch and trailer tongue includes the weight of any special equipment installed on your vehicle.


It also


load.


(cid:1) The load on either the front or rear axle resulting from distribution of the gross vehicle weight on both axles must not exceed the front and rear Gross Axle Weight Ratings (GAWR) listed on the Certification

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