1999 Nissan Altima Owners Manual

from the battery.

c Do not allow battery fluid to come into contact with eyes, skin, cloth or painted surfaces. Battery fluid is a corrosive sulphuric acid solution which can cause severe burns. If the fluid should come into contact with anything, immediately flush the con- tacted area with water.

c Keep battery out of the reach of

children.

c The booster battery must be rated at 12 volts. Use of an improper rated battery can damage your vehicle.

In case of emergency 6-7

Z X

c Whenever working on or near a bat- tery, always wear suitable eye pro- tectors (for example, goggles or in- dustrial and remove rings, metal bands, or any other jewelry. Do not lean over the battery when jump starting.

spectacles)

safety

c Do not attempt to jump start a frozen battery. It could explode and cause serious injury.

c Your vehicle has an automatic en- gine cooling fan. It could come on at any time. Keep hands and other ob- jects away from it.

6-8 In case of emergency

Always follow the instructions below. Failure to do so could result in damage to the charging system and cause per- sonal injury. 1. If the booster battery is in another ve- hicle, position the two vehicles to bring their batteries into close proximity to each other. Do not allow the two vehicles to touch.

2. Apply the parking brake. Move the shift selector lever to N (Neutral) (manual transmission) or to P (Park) (automatic transmission). Switch off all unncessary

ACE1013

electrical systems (lights, heater, air con- ditioner, etc.).

3. Remove vent caps on the battery (if so equipped). Cover the battery with an old cloth to reduce explosion hazard.

4. Connect jumper cables in the sequence

as illustrated.

CAUTION

c Always connect positive (+) to posi- tive (+) and negative (−) to body ground (for example, strut mounting bolt, etc. — not to the battery).

Z X

PUSH STARTING

CAUTION

c Automatic transmission models can- not be push started. This may cause transmission damage.

c Three way catalyst equipped models should not be started by pushing since the three way catalyst may be damaged.

c Never try to start the vehicle by tow- ing it; when the engine starts, the forward surge could cause the ve- hicle to collide with the tow vehicle.

c Make sure that cables do not touch moving parts in the engine compart- ment and that clamps do not contact any other metal.

5. Start the engine of the booster vehicle

and let it run for a few minutes.

6. Keep the engine speed of the booster vehicle at about 2,000 rpm, and start the engine of the vehicle being jump started.

CAUTION

Do not keep starter motor engaged for more than 10 seconds. If the engine does not start right away, turn the key off and wait 3 to 4 seconds before trying again.

7. After starting the engine, carefully dis- connect the negative cable and then the positive cable.

8. Replace the vent caps (if so equipped). Be sure to dispose of the cloth used to cover the vent holes as it may be con- taminated with corrosive acid.

IF YOUR VEHICLE OVERHEATS

If your vehicle is overheating (indicated by an extremely high temperature gauge reading), or if you feel a lack of engine power, detect abnormal noise, etc., take the following steps.

WARNING

c Do not continue to drive if your ve- hicle overheats. Doing so could cause a vehicle fire.

c To avoid the danger of being scalded, never remove the radiator cap while the engine is still hot. When the radiator cap is removed, pressurized hot water will spurt out, possibly causing serious injury.

c Do not open the hood if steam is

coming out.

1. Move the vehicle safely off

the road, apply the parking brake and move the shift lever to N (Neutral) (manual trans- mission) or to P (Park) (automatic trans- mission). Do not stop the engine.

2. Turn off the air conditioner. Open all the windows, move the heater or air condi- tioner temperature control to maximum hot and fan control to high speed.

In case of emergency 6-9

Z X

WARNING

Be careful not to allow your hands, hair, jewelry or clothing to come into contact with, or to get caught in, the running fan, belts, or fan motor. The fan motor can start at any time when the coolant temperature is high.

7. After the engine cools down, check the coolant level in the reservoir tank with the engine running. Add coolant to the res- ervoir tank if necessary. Have your ve- hicle repaired at an authorized NISSAN dealer.

3. If engine overheating is caused by climb- ing a long hill on a hot day, run the engine at a fast idle (approximately 1,500 rpm) until the temperature gauge indication returns to normal.

4. Get out of the vehicle. Look and listen for steam or coolant escaping from the ra- diator before opening the hood. Wait until no steam or coolant can be seen before proceeding.

5. Open the engine hood.

WARNING

If steam or water is coming from the engine, stand clear to prevent getting burned.

6. Visually check drive belts for damage or looseness. Also check if the cooling fan is running. The radiator hoses and radia- tor should not leak water. If coolant is leaking, the water pump belt is missing or loose, or the cooling fan does not run, stop the engine.

6-10 In case of emergency

TOW TRUCK TOWING

When towing your vehicle, U.S. States, Canadian Provinces and local regulations for towing must be followed. Incorrect tow- ing equipment could damage your vehicle. Towing instructions are available from an authorized NISSAN dealer. Local service operators will generally be familiar with the applicable laws and procedures for towing. To assure proper towing and to prevent accidental damage to your vehicle, NISSAN recommends that you have a service opera- tor tow your vehicle. It is advisable to have the service operator carefully read the fol- lowing precautions:

WARNING

c Never ride in a vehicle that is being

towed.

c Never get under your vehicle after it

has been lifted by a tow truck.

CAUTION

c When towing, make sure that the transmission, axles, steering system and powertrain are in working con- dition. If any unit is damaged, dollies must be used.

Z X

c When towing manual transmission models with the front wheels on the ground (if you do not use towing dollies): Turn the ignition key to the OFF position and secure the steering wheel in a straight-ahead position with a rope or similar device. Never place the ignition key in the LOCK position. This will result in damage to the steering lock mechanism. Move the gearshift lever to the Neu- tral (N position).

c When towing with the rear wheels on the ground, release the parking brake. c Attach safety chains for all towing.

ACE0511

NISSAN recommends that your vehicle be towed with the driving (front) wheels off the ground as illustrated.

ACE1001

CAUTION

c Never tow an automatic transmis- sion model with the rear wheels raised (with the front wheels on the ground) as this may cause serious and expensive damage to the trans- mission. If it is necessary to tow the vehicle with the rear wheels raised, always use towing dollies under the front wheels.

In case of emergency 6-11

Z X

c If you have to tow an automatic transmission model with four wheels on ground, observe the following re- stricted towing speeds and dis- tances: c Speed: Below 30 MPH (50 km/h) c Distance: Less than 40 miles (65

km)

c Never tow an automatic transmis- sion model from the rear (for ex- ample, backward) with four wheels on the ground as this may cause serious and expensive damage to the transmission.

VEHICLE RECOVERY (Freeing a stuck vehicle)

c Tow chains or cables must be attached only to the main structual members of the vehicle.

c Pulling devices should be routed so they do not touch any part of the suspension, steering, brake or cooling systems.

c Always pull the cable straight out from the front or rear of the vehicle. Never pull on the vehicle at an angle.

c Pulling devices such as ropes or canvas straps are not recommended for use in vehicle towing or recovery.

c Stand clear of a stuck vehicle.

WARNING

Do not spin your tires at high speed. This could cause them to explode and result in serious injury. Parts of your vehicle could also overheat and be damaged.

6-12 In case of emergency

Z X

7 Appearance and care

Cleaning exterior and interior.................................7-2

Corrosion protection...............................................7-5

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CLEANING EXTERIOR AND INTERIOR

MAI0001

In order to maintain the appearance of your vehicle, it is important to take proper care of it. In the following cases, please wash your vehicle as soon as possible to protect the paint surface: c after a rainfall to prevent possible dam-

age from acid rain.

c after driving on coastal roads. c when contaminants such as soot, bird droppings, tree sap, metal particles or bugs get on the paint surface.

7-2 Appearance and care

c when dust or mud builds up on the surface. Whenever possible, store or park your ve- hicle inside a garage or in a covered area. When it is necessary to park outside, park in a shady area or protect the vehicle with a body cover. Be careful not to scratch the paint sur- face when putting on or removing the body cover. Washing Wash dirt off with a wet sponge and plenty of water. Clean the vehicle thoroughly using a mild soap, a special vehicle soap or general purpose dishwashing liquid mixed with clean, lukewarm (never hot) water.

CAUTION

c Do not use strong household soap, strong chemical detergents, gaso- line or solvents.

c Do not wash the vehicle in direct sunlight or while the vehicle body is hot, as the surface may become water-spotted.

c Avoid using tight-napped or rough cloths, such as washing mitts. Care must be taken when removing caked-on dirt or other foreign sub- stances so that the paint surface is not scratched or damaged.

Rinse the vehicle thoroughly with plenty of clean water. Inside flanges, seams and folds on the doors, hatches and hood are particularly vulnerable to the effects of road salt. There- fore, these areas must be regularly cleaned. Take care that the drain holes in the lower edge of the door are open. Spray water under the body and in the wheel wells to loosen the dirt and wash away road salt. A damp chamois can be used to dry the vehicle to avoid water spots. Waxing Regular waxing protects the paint surface and helps retain new vehicle appearance. After waxing, polishing is recommended to remove built-up residue and to avoid a ‘‘weathered’’ appearance. Your NISSAN dealer can assist you in

Z X

up and causing underbody and suspension corrosion. Before winter and again in the spring, the underseal must be checked and, if necessary, retreated.

choosing the proper product. c Wax your vehicle only after a thorough washing. Follow the instructions supplied with the wax.

c Do not use a wax containing any abra- sives, cutting compounds or cleaners that may damage the vehicle finish.

c If the surface does not polish easily, use

a “road tar” remover and wax again.

Machine compounding or aggressive pol- ishing on a base coat/clear coat paint finish may dull the finish or leave swirl marks. Only use black wax or black shoe polish on black urethane or polypropylene bumpers. Removing spots Remove tar and oil spots, industrial dust, insects, and tree sap as quickly as possible from the surface of the paint to avoid lasting damage or staining. Special cleaning prod- ucts are available at an authorized NISSAN dealer or any automotive accessory store. Underbody In areas where road salt is used in winter, the underbody must be cleaned regularly. This will prevent dirt and salt from building

AAI1001

Cleaning glass When cleaning the rear window, it may be easier to clean if the high-mounted stop light is removed first. Be careful when removing the high- mounted stop light to reduce the risk of damaging the high-mounted stop light wires. The high-mounted stop light must be prop- erly reinstalled before driving your vehicle. Use glass cleaner to remove smoke and dust film from the glass surfaces. It is nor- mal for glass to become coated with a film Appearance and care 7-3

Z X

after the vehicle is parked in the hot sun. Glass cleaner and a soft cloth will easily remove this film.

CAUTION

When cleaning the inside of the win- dow, do not use sharp-edged tools, abrasive cleaners or chlorine based disinfectant cleaners. They could dam- age the rear window defogger.

Cleaning aluminum alloy wheels Wash regularly, especially during winter months in areas where road salt is used. If not removed, salt could discolor the wheels. Chrome parts Clean all chrome parts regularly with a non-abrasive chrome polish to maintain the finish. Cleaning interior Occasionally remove loose dust from the interior trim, plastic parts and seats using a vacuum cleaner or soft brush. Wipe the vinyl and leather surfaces with a clean, soft cloth dampened in mild soap solution, then wipe clean with a dry, soft cloth. Before using any fabric protector, read the manu- facturer’s recommendations. Some fabric protectors contain chemicals that may stain or bleach the seat material.

CAUTION

c Never use benzine, thinner, or any

similar material.

c The leather seats should be regu- larly coated with a leather wax like saddle soap. Never use car wax.

c Never use fabric protectors unless recommended by the manufacturer.

7-4 Appearance and care

Z X

Floor mats The use of Genuine NISSAN floor mats can extend the life of your vehicle carpet and make it easier to clean the interior. No mat- ter what mats are used, be sure they are fitted for your vehicle and are properly positioned in the footwell to prevent inter- ference with pedal operation. Mats should be maintained with regular cleaning and re- placed if they become excessively worn. Seat belts The seat belts can be cleaned by wiping them with a sponge dampened in a mild soap solution. Allow the belts to dry com- pletely before using them.

WARNING

Do not allow wet belts to roll up in the retractor. NEVER use bleach, dye, or chemical solvents since these may se- verely weaken the seat belt webbing.

AAI1002

Floor mat positioning aid (Driver’s side only) This vehicle includes a front floor mat bracket to act as a floor mat positioning aid. NISSAN floor mats have been specially designed for your vehicle model. The driv- er’s side floor mat has a grommet hole incorporated in it. Position the mat by plac- ing the floor mat bracket hook through the floor mat grommet hole while centering the mat in the footwell. Periodically check to make certain the mats are properly positioned.

CORROSION PROTECTION

Most common factors contributing to vehicle corrosion. 1. The accumulation of moisture-retaining dirt and debris in body panel sections, cavities, and other areas.

2. Damage to paint and other protective coatings caused by gravel and stone chips or minor traffic accidents.

Environmental factors which influ- ence the rate of corrosion. Moisture Accumulation of sand, dirt and water on the vehicle body underside can accelerate cor- rosion. Wet floor coverings will not dry com- pletely inside the vehicle, and should be removed for drying to avoid floor panel corrosion. Relative humidity Corrosion will be accelerated: c in areas of high relative humidity. c in areas where the temperatures stay

above freezing.

c where atmospheric pollution exists. c where road salt is used.

Appearance and care 7-5

Z X

CAUTION

c NEVER remove dirt, sand or other debris from the passenger compart- ment by washing it out with a hose. Remove dirt with a vacuum cleaner or broom.

c Never allow water or other liquids to come in contact with electronic com- ponents inside the vehicle as this may damage them.

Temperature A temperature increase accelerates the rate of corrosion to those parts which are not well ventilated. Air pollution Industrial pollution, the presence of salt in the air in coastal areas, or heavy road salt use accelerates the corrosion process. Road salt also accelerates the disintegra- tion of paint surfaces. To protect your vehicle from corrosion: c wash and wax your vehicle often to keep

the vehicle clean.

c always check for minor damage to the paint and repair it as soon as possible. c keep drain holes at the bottom of the doors open to avoid water accumulation. c check the underbody for accumulation of sand, dirt or salt. If present, wash with water as soon as possible.

7-6 Appearance and care

Z X

8 Do-it-yourself

Maintenance precautions .......................................8-2
Engine compartment check locations ....................8-3
Engine cooling system ...........................................8-4
Checking engine coolant level ...............................8-4
Changing engine coolant .......................................8-5
Engine oil ...............................................................8-7
Checking engine oil level .......................................8-7
Changing engine oil ...............................................8-8
Changing engine oil filter .......................................8-9
Automatic transmission fluid (ATF)........................8-9
Temperature conditions for checking ATF...........8-10
Power steering fluid..............................................8-11
Brake fluid ............................................................8-11
Clutch fluid............................................................8-12
Window washer fluid ............................................8-12
Battery ..................................................................8-13
Jump starting........................................................8-14

Drive belts ............................................................8-14
Spark plug replacement .......................................8-14
Air cleaner housing filter ......................................8-15
Wiper blades ........................................................8-17
Parking brake check.............................................8-18
Brake pedal ..........................................................8-18
Brake booster.......................................................8-19
Clutch pedal .........................................................8-20
Fuses and fusible links.........................................8-20
Light bulbs............................................................8-21
Headlights ............................................................8-21
Headlight aiming adjustment................................8-22
Adjustment after headlight assembly replacement..........................................................8-23
Bulb replacement .................................................8-24
Wheels and tires ..................................................8-28

Z X

MAINTENANCE PRECAUTIONS

When performing any inspection or mainte- nance work on your vehicle, always take care to prevent serious accidental injury to yourself or damage to the vehicle. The following are general precautions which should be closely observed.

WARNING

c Park the vehicle on a level surface, apply the parking brake securely and block the wheels to prevent the ve- hicle from moving. For a manual transmission, move the shift lever to Neutral. For an automatic transmis- sion, move the shift lever to P (Park). c Be sure the ignition key is OFF when performing any parts replacement or repairs.

c Your vehicle is equipped with an automatic engine cooling fan. It may come on at any time without warn- ing, even if the ignition key is in the OFF position and the engine is not running. To avoid injury, always dis- connect the negative battery cable before working near the fan.

8-2 Do-it-yourself

c If you must work with the engine run- ning, keep your hands, clothing, hair and tools away from moving fans, belts and any other moving parts.

c It is advisable to remove ties and any jewelry, such as rings, watches, etc. before working on your vehicle.

c Always wear eye protection when-

ever you work on your vehicle.

c If you must run the engine in an enclosed space such as a garage, be sure there is proper ventilation for exhaust gases.

c Never get under the vehicle while it is supported only by a jack. If it is necessary to work under the vehicle, support it with safety stands.

c Keep smoking materials, flame and sparks away from fuel and the battery. c On gasoline engine models with the Injection (MFI) sys- Multiport Fuel tem, filter or lines the fuel should be serviced by a NISSAN dealer because the fuel lines are under high pressure even when the engine is off.

fuel

CAUTION

c Do not work under the hood while the engine is hot. Turn off the engine and wait until it cools down.

c Never connect or disconnect either the battery or any transistorized component connector while the igni- tion is ON.

c Never leave the engine or the auto- matic transmission related compo- nent harness connector discon- nected while the ignition is ON.

c Avoid contact with used engine oil. Improperly disposed motor oil and/or other vehicle fluids can hurt the en- vironment. Always conform to local regulations for disposal of vehicle fluid.

This ‘‘Do-it-yourself’’ section gives instruc- tions regarding only those items which are relatively easy for an owner to perform. You should be aware that incomplete or improper servicing may result in operating difficulties or excessive emissions, and could affect your warranty coverage. If in doubt about any servicing, have it done by an authorized NISSAN dealer.

Z X

ENGINE COMPARTMENT CHECK LOCATIONS

ADI1005

Do-it-yourself

8-3

Z X

WARNING

c Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Wait until the en- gine and radiator cool down. Serious burns could be caused by high pres- sure fluid escaping from the radia- tor. See precautions in ‘‘If your ve- hicle overheats,’’ found in the ‘‘In case of emergency’’ section.

c The radiator is equipped with a pres- sure cap. Use only a genuine NISSAN cap when replacement is required.

ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM

The engine cooling system is filled at the factory with a high-quality, year-round, anti- freeze coolant solution. The anti-freeze so- lution contains rust and corrosion inhibitors, therefore additional engine cooling system additives are not necessary.

CAUTION

When adding or replacing coolant, be sure to use only an ethelene glycol anti- freeze with the proper mixture ratio of 50% Genuine Nissan Anti-freeze coolant or equivalent and 50% demineralized water or distilled water. The use of other types of coolant solutions may damage the engine cooling system.

Outside

temperature

down to

°C

−35

°F

−30

Genuine Nissan

Anti-freeze coolant or equivalent

Demineral-

ized or Distilled water

50%

50%

8-4 Do-it-yourself

ADI1006

CHECKING ENGINE COOLANT LEVEL With coolant reservoir Check the coolant in the reservoir level when the engine is cold. If the coolant level is below MIN, add coolant up to the MAX level. If the reservoir is empty, check the coolant level in the radiator when the en- gine is cold. If there is insufficient coolant in the radiator, fill the radiator with coolant up to the filler opening and also add it to the reservoir up to the MAX level.

Z X

If the cooling system frequently requires coolant, have it checked by an autho- rized NISSAN dealer.

c Improper servicing can result in reduced heater performance and engine over- heating.

WARNING

c To avoid the danger of being scalded, never change the coolant when the engine is hot.

c Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could be caused by high pressure fluid escaping from the radiator.

Perform the following procedure to open the heater water cock: 1. Turn the ignition switch ON and set the temperature control lever to the maxi- mum hot position. Wait 10 seconds, then turn the switch OFF.

2. Open the radiator drain plug. Open the

drain plug on the engine water pipe.

3. Open the radiator cap to drain the cool-

ant.

4. Flush the cooling system by running

fresh water through the radiator.

5. Close the radiator drain plug and the 8-5

Do-it-yourself

Z X

DI1349

CHANGING ENGINE COOLANT c Major cooling system repairs should be performed by an authorized NISSAN dealer. The service procedures can be found in an appropriate NISSAN Service Manual.

drain plug on the engine water pipe se- curely.

6. See the ‘‘Technical and consumer infor- mation’’ section for cooling system ca- pacity. Fill the radiator slowly with the proper mixture of coolant and water. Fill the reservoir tank up to the MAX level.

7. Open and close the air release plug to release air. Then fill the radiator again and install the radiator cap.

8. Start the engine and let it idle until

it reaches normal operating temperature. Then race the engine 2 or 3 times under no load. Watch the engine coolant tem- perature gauge for signs of overheating. 9. Stop the engine. After it completely cools down, refill the radiator up to the filler opening. Fill the reservoir tank up to the MAX level.

10. Open and close the air release plug to release air. Then fill the radiator again and install the radiator cap.

8-6 Do-it-yourself

AMA098

DI1299

11. Check the radiator drain plug and the drain plug on the engine water pipe for any sign of leakage, tighten if neces- sary.

Z X

ENGINE OIL

CAUTION

Oil level should be checked regularly. Operating with insufficient amount of oil can damage the engine, and such damage is not covered by warranty.

DI1300

DI1301

CHECKING ENGINE OIL LEVEL 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and

apply the parking brake.

2. Start the engine and let it idle until

reaches operating temperature.

it

3. Turn off the engine. Wait a few minutes for the oil to drain back into the oil pan.

4. Remove the dipstick and wipe it clean.

Reinsert it all the way.

level.

5. Remove the dipstick again and check the oil It should be between the H (High) and L (Low) marks. If the oil level is below the L (Low) mark, remove the oil filler cap and pour recommended oil through the opening. Do not overfill. 6. Recheck the oil level with the dipstick. It is normal to add some oil between oil maintenance intervals or during the break-in period, depending on the sever- ity of operating conditions.

Do-it-yourself

8-7

Z X

If the oil filter is to be changed, remove and replace it at this time. See ‘‘Chang- ing engine oil filter’’ later in this section.

CAUTION

Be careful not to burn yourself, as the engine oil is hot.

Waste oil must be disposed of properly. Check your local regulations. 6. Clean and re-install the drain plug and washer. Securely tighten the drain plug with a wrench. Drain plug tightening torque:

22 to 29 ft-lb (29 to 39 Nzm)

Do not overtighten.

7. Refill the engine with a recommended oil through the oil filler opening, then install the oil filler cap securely. See the ‘‘Technical and consumer informa- tion’’ section for drain and refill capacity.

The drain and refill capacity depends on the oil temperature and drain time. Use these specifications for reference only. Always

DI1302

CHANGING ENGINE OIL 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and

apply the parking brake.

2. Start the engine and let it idle until

it reaches operating temperature, then turn it off.

3. Remove the oil filler cap. 4. Place a large drain pan under the drain

plug.

5. Remove the drain plug with a wrench and

completely drain the oil.

8-8 Do-it-yourself

use the dipstick to determine when the proper amount of oil is in the engine. 8. Start

leakage around the drain plug. Correct as re- quired.

the engine. Check for

9. Turn the engine off and wait several level with the

minutes. Check the oil dipstick. Add engine oil if necessary.

WARNING

c Prolonged and repeated contact with used engine oil may cause skin can- cer.

c Try to avoid direct skin contact with used oil. If skin contact is made, wash thoroughly with soap or hand cleaner as soon as possible.

c Keep used engine oil out of reach of

children.

Z X

CAUTION

Be careful not to burn yourself, as the engine oil may be hot.

5. Wipe the engine oil filter mounting sur-

face with a clean rag. Be sure to remove any old gasket mate- rial remaining on the mounting surface of the engine.

6. Coat the gasket on the new filter with

clean engine oil.

7. Screw on the oil filter until a slight resis- tance is felt, and then tighten an addi- tional 2/3 turn.

8. Start the engine and check for leakage around the oil filter. Correct as required. 9. Turn the engine off and wait several minutes. Check the oil level. Add engine oil if necessary.

DI1303

CHANGING ENGINE OIL FILTER 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and

apply the parking brake.

2. Turn the engine off. 3. Place a large drain pan under the oil

filter.

4. Loosen the oil

filter wrench. Then, remove the oil filter by turning it by hand.

filter with an oil

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUID (ATF)

ADI0532

WARNING

c When engine is running, keep hands, jewelry and clothing away from any moving parts such as cool- ing fan and drive belt.

c Automatic transmission fluid is poi- sonous and should be stored care- fully in marked containers out of the reach of children.

Do-it-yourself

8-9

Z X

TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS FOR CHECKING ATF c The fluid level should be checked using the HOT range on the dipstick after the following conditions have been met:

— The engine should be warmed up to

operating temperature.

— The vehicle should be driven at least 5

minutes.

— The automatic transmission fluid should be warmed to between 122° and 176°F (50° to 80°C).

c The fluid can be checked at fluid tem- peratures of 86° to 122°F (30 to 50°C) using the COLD range on the dipstick, after the engine is warmed up and before driving. However, the fluid should be re-checked using the HOT range.

1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and

set the parking brake.

2. Start the engine and then move the shift selector lever through each gear range. Move the shift selector lever to P (Park) after you have moved it through all ranges.

8-10 Do-it-yourself

ADI1012

3. Check the fluid level with the engine

idling.

4. Remove the dipstick and wipe it clean

with lint-free paper.

5. Reinsert the dipstick into the charging

pipe as far as it will go.

6. Remove the dipstick and note the read- ing. If the level is at the low side of either range, add fluid through the charging pipe.

CAUTION

DO NOT OVERFILL. USE ONLY NISSAN Matic ‘D’ (Continen- tal U.S. and Alaska) or Genuine NISSAN Automatic Transmission Fluid (Canada). DexronTM III/MerconTM or equivalent may also be used. Outside the continen- tal United States and Alaska contact an authorized NISSAN dealership for more information regarding suitable fluids, in- cluding of DexronTM III/MerconTM Automatic Trans- mission Fluid.

recommended

brand(s)

NOTE: If the vehicle has been driven for a long time at high speeds, or in city traffic in hot weather, or if it is being used to pull a trailer, the accurate fluid level cannot be read. You should wait until the fluid has cooled down (about 30 minutes).

Z X

POWER STEERING FLUID

BRAKE FLUID

ADI0511

ADI1117

DI1307

Check the fluid level in the reservoir. The fluid level should be checked using the HOT range on the dipstick at fluid temperatures of 122° to 176°F (50° to 80°C) or using the COLD range on the dipstick at fluid tem- peratures of 32° to 86°F (0° to 30°C).

CAUTION

The fluid level should be checked using the HOT MAX range on the power steering fluid reservoir at fluid temperatures of 122° to 176°F (50° to 80°C) or using the COLD MAX range on the power steering fluid reservoir at fluid temperatures of 32° to 86°F (0 to 30°C).

Check the brake fluid level in the reservoir. If the fluid level is below the MIN line or the brake warning light comes on, add DOT 3
fluid up to the MAX line. If fluid must be added frequently, the system should be thor- oughly checked by an authorized NISSAN dealer.

c Do not overfill. c Recommended

is DEXRONTM III or equivalent.

fluid

type

Do-it-yourself

8-11

Z X

CLUTCH FLUID

WINDOW WASHER FLUID

WARNING Use only new fluid. old, inferior, or contaminated fluid may damage the brake and clutch systems. The use of improper fluids can damage the brake system and affect the vehicle’s stop- ping ability.

CAUTION

Do not spill the fluid on painted sur- faces. This will damage the paint. If fluid is spilled, wash with water.

DI1348

Check the clutch fluid level in the reservoir (manual transmission only). If the fluid level is below the MIN line, add DOT 3 fluid up to the MAX line. If fluid must be added fre- quently, the system should be thoroughly checked by an authorized NISSAN dealer. For further brake and clutch fluid specifica- tion information, refer to ‘‘Capacities and recommended fuel/lubricants’’ in the ‘‘Tech- nical and consumer information’’ section of this manual.

8-12 Do-it-yourself

DI1308

To fill the window washer fluid reservoir, lift the cap off the reservoir tank and pour the window washer fluid into the tank opening. Add a washer solvent to the water for better cleaning. In the winter season, add a wind- shield washer antifreeze. Follow the manu- facturer’s instructions for the mixture ratio. USA Only Fill the window washer fluid reservoir peri- odically. Perform the refilling operation more often under driving conditions that require an increased amount of window washer fluid.

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BATTERY

Canada Only Add window washer

light comes on.

fluid when the

CAUTION

Do not substitute engine anti-freeze coolant for windshield washer solution. This may result in damage to the paint.

c Keep the battery surface clean and dry. Any corrosion should be washed off with a solution of baking soda and water.

c Make certain the terminal connections

are clean and securely tightened.

c If the vehicle is not to be used for 30 days or longer, disconnect the negative (—) battery terminal cable to prevent discharge.

WARNING

c Do not expose the battery to flames or electrical sparks. Hydrogen gas generated by battery action is explo- sive. Do not allow battery fluid to contact your skin, eyes, fabrics, or painted surfaces. After touching a battery or battery cap, do not touch or rub your eyes. Thoroughly wash your hands. If the acid contacts your eyes, skin or clothing, immediately flush with water for at least 15 min- utes and seek medical attention.

c When working on or near a battery, always wear suitable eye protection and remove all jewelry.

c Keep the battery out of the reach of

children.

ADI0500

1. To remove the cap, gently pry between the battery cap and cover as illustrated. Use a cloth to protect the battery case.

Do-it-yourself

8-13

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DRIVE BELTS

SPARK PLUG REPLACEMENT

DI1310

ADI0533

DI1229M

2. Check the fluid level in each cell.

If it is necessary to add fluid, add only distilled water to bring the level up to the OK level indicator in each filler opening. Do not overfill.

JUMP STARTING If jump starting is necessary, see the ‘‘In case of emergency’’ section of this owner’s manual. If the engine does not start by jump starting, the battery may have to be re- placed. Contact an authorized NISSAN dealer.

8-14 Do-it-yourself

WARNING

WARNING

Be sure the ignition key is OFF. The engine could rotate unexpectedly.

Be sure the engine and ignition switch are off and that the parking brake is engaged securely.

1. Visually inspect each belt for signs of unusual wear, cuts, fraying or looseness. If the belt is in poor condition or is loose, have it replaced or adjusted by an autho- rized NISSAN dealer.

2. Have the belts checked regularly for con- dition and tension in accordance with the maintenance schedule found in the ‘‘Maintenance’’ section of this manual.

CAUTION

Be sure to use the correct socket to remove the spark plugs. An incorrect socket can damage the spark plugs.

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2. Disconnect the spark plug cables from

the spark plugs. When disconnecting, always hold the boots, not the cables. Mark all cables to identify their original locations.

3. Remove the spark plugs with a spark

plug socket. The plug socket has a rubber seal that holds the spark plug so it does not fall when it is pulled out. Make sure each spark plug is snugly fitted into the spark plug socket.

4. Fit the new plugs, one at a time, into the spark plug socket and install them. Use only the specified spark plugs. Turn each plug several full turns by hand, then tighten with the spark plug socket to the correct torque. Do not overtighten. Spark plug tightening torque:

14 to 22 ft-lb (20 to 29 Nzm)

5. Holding the boot, reconnect each high tension cable to its proper spark plug by pushing it on until you feel a snap. 6. Reinstall all brackets as necessary.

ADI1099

Platinum-tipped spark plug It is not necessary to replace platinum- tipped spark plugs as frequently as conven- tional type spark plugs because they last much longer. Follow the maintenance schedule, but do not reuse the spark plugs by cleaning or regapping. c Always replace spark plugs with rec-

ommended or equivalent ones.

1. Remove brackets as necessary to give access to the high tension spark plug cables and spark plugs.

AIR CLEANER HOUSING FILTER

DI1312

The air cleaner filter should not be cleaned and reused. Replace it according to the maintenance intervals shown in the ‘‘Main- tenance’’ section of this manual. When re- placing the filter, wipe the inside of the air cleaner filter housing and the cover with a damp cloth.

Do-it-yourself

8-15

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WARNING

the engine backfires.

c Operating the engine with the air cleaner removed can cause you or others to be burned. The air cleaner not only cleans the air, it stops flame if isn’t there, and the engine backfires, you could be burned. Don’t drive with the air cleaner removed, and be careful working on the engine with the air cleaner removed.

If

it

c Never pour fuel into the throttle body or attempt to start the engine with the air cleaner removed. Doing so could result in serious injury.

8-16 Do-it-yourself

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WIPER BLADES

CLEANING If your windshield is not clear after using the windshield washer or if a wiper blade chat- ters when running, wax or other material may be on the blade or windshield. Clean the outside of the windshield with a washer solution or a mild detergent. Your windshield is clean if beads do not form when rinsing with clear water. Clean each blade by wiping it with a cloth soaked in a washer solution or a mild deter- gent. Then rinse the blade with clear water. If your windshield is still not clear after

cleaning the blades and using the wiper, replace the blades. REPLACEMENT 1. Pull the wiper arm away from the wind-

shield.

2. Push the tab, then move the wiper blade

down the wiper arm to remove.

3. Remove the wiper blade. 4. Insert the new wiper blade onto the wiper

arm until it clicks.

ADI1022

CAUTION

c After wiper blade replacement, return the wiper arm to its original position; otherwise it may be damaged when the engine hood is opened.

c Make sure the wiper blade contacts the glass; otherwise the arm may be damaged from wind pressure.

Do-it-yourself

8-17

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PARKING BRAKE CHECK

BRAKE PEDAL

ADI1003

DI1020M

From the released position, pull the parking brake lever up slowly and firmly. the number of clicks is out of the range listed above, see an authorized NISSAN dealer.

If

With the engine running, check the distance between the upper surface of the pedal and the metal floor. If it is out of the range shown above, see an authorized NISSAN dealer.

ADI0613

If you wax the surface of the hood, be careful not to let wax get into the washer nozzle. This may cause clogging or im- proper windshield washer operation. If wax gets into the nozzle, remove it with a needle or small pin.

8-18 Do-it-yourself

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indicator sound is heard. Under some driving or climate conditions, occasional brake squeak, squeal or other noise may be heard. Occasional brake noise during light to moderate stops is nor- mal and does not affect the function or performance of the brake system. The rear drum brakes (if so equipped) do not have audible wear indicators. Should you ever hear an unusually loud noise from the rear drum brakes, have them inspected as soon as possible by an authorized NISSAN dealer. Proper brake inspection intervals should be followed. For more information regard- ing brake inspections, see the appropriate maintenance schedule information in the ‘‘Maintenance’’ section of this manual.

Self-adjusting brakes Your vehicle is equipped with self-adjusting brakes. The front (and rear, if equipped) disc-type brakes self-adjust every time the brake pedal is applied. The rear drum-type brakes also self-adjust every time the brake pedal is applied. If the brake pedal goes down farther than normal, it may be due to a lack of adjust- ment of the rear drum brakes. To adjust, apply the parking brake several times.

WARNING

See your NISSAN dealer and have it checked if the brake pedal height does not return to normal.

Brake pad wear indicators The disc brake pads on your vehicle have audible wear indicators. When a brake pad requires replacement, it makes a high pitched scraping or screeching sound when the vehicle is in motion whether or not the brake pedal is depressed. Have the brakes checked as soon as possible if the wear

BRAKE BOOSTER

Check the brake booster function as fol- lows: 1. With the engine off, press and release times. When the brake pedal several brake pedal movement (distance of travel) remains the same from one pedal application to the next, continue on to the next step.

2. While depressing the brake pedal, start the engine. The pedal height should drop a little.

3. With the brake pedal depressed, stop the engine. Keep the pedal depressed for about 30 seconds. The pedal height should not change.

4. Run the engine for one minute without depressing the brake pedal, then turn it off. Depress the brake pedal several times. The pedal travel distance will de- crease gradually with each depression as the vacuum is released from the booster.

If the brakes do not operate properly, see an authorized NISSAN dealer.

Do-it-yourself

8-19

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CLUTCH PEDAL

FUSES AND FUSIBLE LINKS

ADIO528

ADI1021

Press the pedal by hand and be sure the free travel is within the limits shown above. If the range shown above, see an authorized NISSAN dealer.

free travel

is out of

Engine compartment

CAUTION

Never use a fuse of higher amperage rating than that specified on the fuse box cover. This could damage the elec- trical system or cause a fire.

If the electrical equipment does not come on, check for an open fuse. 1. Be sure the ignition switch and the head-

light switch are OFF.

2. Open the engine hood.

3. Remove the fuse box cover. 4. Remove the fuse with the fuse puller located in the passenger compartment fuse box.

5. If the fuse is open, replace it with a new

fuse.

6. If a new fuse also opens, have the elec- trical system checked and repaired by an authorized NISSAN dealer.

If the electrical equipment does not operate and fuses are in good condition, check the fusible links. If any of these fusible links are melted, replace only with genuine NISSAN parts.

8-20 Do-it-yourself

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Passenger compartment

CAUTION

Never use a fuse of higher amperage rating than that specified on the fuse box cover. This could damage the elec- trical system or cause a fire.

3. Remove the fuse with the fuse puller. 4. If the fuse is open, replace it with a new

fuse.

5. If a new fuse also opens, have the elec- trical system checked and repaired by an authorized NISSAN dealer.

ACE1014

If any electrical equipment does not oper- ate, check for an open fuse. 1. Be sure the ignition switch and the head-

light switch are OFF.

2. Open the fuse box cover.

LIGHT BULBS

ADI1008

HEADLIGHTS The headlight is a semi-sealed beam type which uses a replaceable headlight (halo- gen) bulb.

Do-it-yourself

8-21

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CAUTION

c High pressure halogen gas is sealed inside the halogen bulb. The bulb may break if the glass envelope is scratched or the bulb is dropped.

c When handling the bulb, do not

touch the glass envelope.

Replacing the headlight bulb 1. Open the engine hood. 2. Disconnect

the negative (—) battery

cable.

3. Disconnect the electrical connector from

the rear end of the bulb.

4. Push down the spring retainer. 5. Remove the headlight bulb. Do not shake

or rotate the bulb when removing it.

6. Install the new bulb in the reverse order

of removal.

8-22 Do-it-yourself

c Be sure the lip of the rubber cap

contacts the headlight body.

DO NOT TOUCH THE BULB.

CAUTION

c Use the same number and wattage

as originally installed: Wattage 65/55
Bulb No. HB5

c Aiming is not necessary after replac-

ing the bulb.

c Do not leave the bulb out of the headlight reflector for a long period of time as dust, moisture, and smoke may enter the headlight body and affect the performance of the head- light.

ADI1007

HEADLIGHT AIMING ADJUSTMENT Before performing aiming adjustment, make sure of the following:

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a. Keep all of the tires inflated to the correct

pressure.

b. Place the vehicle on level ground. c. See that the vehicle is unloaded (except for full levels of coolant, engine oil and fuel, and spare tire, jack, and tools). Have the driver or an equivalent weight placed in the driver’s seat.

Low beam 1. Open the hood. 2. Adjust

the vertical aim by turning the adjusting screw with a Phillips screw- driver.

3. Adjust the horizontal aim by turning the adjusting screw with a Phillips screw- driver.

ADJUSTMENT AFTER HEADLIGHT ASSEMBLY REPLACEMENT If the vehicle front body has been repaired and/or the headlight assembly has been replaced, check aiming. Use the aiming chart shown in the illustration. c Upper edge and left edge of high in- tensity zone should be within the range shown at left. Adjust headlights accordingly.

c Dotted lines in the illustration show

center of headlights.

: Horizontial center line of headlights

‘‘H’’ ‘‘WL’’: Distance between each headlight

center

ADI1039

Do-it-yourself

8-23

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BULB REPLACEMENT

Item

Wattage (W)

Bulb No.

65/55
27/8
37.5

27
27
27/8
18
18
10
3.4
1.1

HB5
1157NA 898

3156k 3157NAk 3157k 921
168
T16
68
578
158
658

Headlight (Semi-sealed beam)

High/Low

Front turn signal/parking light Front fog light Rear combination light:

Turn signal: Type A Type B

Stop/Tail

Back-up License plate light High-mounted stop light Interior light Map light Trunk light Glove box light (if so equipped)

8-24 Do-it-yourself

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ADI1049

Replacement procedures All other lights are either type A, B, C or D. When replacing a bulb, first remove the lens and/or cover.

Do-it-yourself

8-25

ADI1042

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8-26 Do-it-yourself

ADI1041

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ADI1010

Do-it-yourself

8-27

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WHEELS AND TIRES

ADI1009

DI1033M

If you have a flat tire, see the ‘‘In case of emergency’’ section of this manual. Maximum inflation pressure Do not exceed the maximum inflation pres- sures shown on the side wall of the tire. Tire inflation pressure Periodically check the tire pressure (including the spare). tire pressure may ad- versely affect tire life and vehicle handling. Tire pressure should be checked when tires are COLD. Tires are considered COLD after the vehicle has been parked for three or more hours, or driven less than 1 mile (1.6 km).

Incorrect

8-28 Do-it-yourself

COLD tire pressures are shown on the tire placard affixed to the driver’s door center pillar.

WARNING

c Improperly inflated tires can fail sud-

denly and cause an accident.

c The vehicle weight capacity is indi- cated on the tire placard. Do not load your vehicle beyond this capacity. Overloading your vehicle may result in reduced tire life, unsafe operating conditions due to premature tire fail- ure, or unfavorable handling charac- teristics and could also lead to a serious accident. Loading beyond the specified capacity may also result in failure of other vehicle components. c Before taking a long trip, or when- ever you have loaded your vehicle heavily, use a tire pressure gauge to ensure that the tire pressure is at the specified level.

c Do not drive your vehicle over 85
MPH (140 km/h) unless it is equipped with high speed capability tires. Driving faster than 85 MPH (140
km/h) may result in tire failure, loss of control and possible injury.

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Types of tires

WARNING

When changing or replacing tires, be sure all four tires are of the same type (i.e., Summer, All Season or Snow) and construction. An authorized NISSAN dealer may be able to help you with information about tire type, size, speed rating and availability. Replacement tires may have a lower speed rating than the factory equipped tires, and may not match the potential maximum vehicle speed. Never exceed the maxi- mum speed rating of the tire.

All Season tires NISSAN specifies All Season tires on some models to provide good performance for use all year around, including snowy and icy road conditions. All Season Tires are iden- tified by ALL SEASON and/or M&S on the tire sidewall. Snow tires have better snow traction than All Season tires and may be more appropriate in some areas.

Summer tires NISSAN specifies summer tires on some models to provide superior performance on dry roads. Summer tire performance in snow and ice is substantially reduced. Sum- mer tires do not have the tire traction rating M&S on the tire sidewall. If you plan to operate your vehicle in snowy or icy conditions, NISSAN recommends the use of SNOW or ALL SEASON tires on all four wheels. Snow tires If snow tires are needed, it is necessary to select tires equivalent in size and load rating to the original equipment tires. If you do not, it can adversely affect the safety and han- dling of your vehicle. Generally, snow tires have lower speed ratings than factory equipped tires and may not match the potential maximum vehicle speed. Never exceed the maximum speed rating of the tire. For additional traction on icy roads, studded tires may be used. However, some U.S States and Canadian Provinces prohibit their use. Check local, state and provincial

laws before installing studded tires. Skid and traction capabilities of studded snow tires on wet or dry surfaces may be poorer than that of non-studded snow tires. Tire chains Use of tire chains may be prohibited accord- ing to location. Check the local laws before installing tire chains. When installing tire chains, make sure they are of proper size for the tires on your vehicle and are installed according to the chain manufacturer’s sug- gestions. Use only SAE class ‘‘S’’ chains. Other types may damage your vehicle. Use chain tensioners when recommended by the tire chain manufacturer to ensure a tight fit. Loose end links of the tire chain must be secured or removed to prevent the possibil- ity of whipping action damage to the fenders or underbody. If possible, avoid fully loading your vehicle when using tire chains. In ad- dition, drive at a reduced speed. Otherwise, your vehicle may be damaged and/or ve- hicle handling and performance may be adversely affected. Never install tire chains on T-type spare tires. Do not use tire chains on dry roads.

Do-it-yourself

8-29

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WARNING

c After rotating the tires, adjust the tire

pressure.

c Retighten the wheel nuts when the vehicle has been driven for 600 miles (1,000 km) (also in cases of a flat tire, etc.).

c Do not include the T-type spare tire or any other small size spare tire in the tire rotation.

ADI1115

Tire rotation NISSAN recommends that tires be rotated every 7,500 miles (12,000 km). See ‘‘Flat tire’’ in the ‘‘In case of emergency’’ section for tire replacing procedures. As soon as possible, tighten the wheel nuts to the specified torque with a nut tightening torque:

72 to 87 ft-lb (98 to 118 Nzm) The wheel nuts must be kept tightened to specifications at all times. It is recom- mended that wheel nuts be tightened to specification at each rotation interval. 8-30 Do-it-yourself

DI1035M

Tire wear and damage

WARNING

c Tires should be periodically in- spected for wear, cracking, bulging, or objects caught in the tread. If excessive wear, cracks, bulging, or deep cuts are found, the tire should be replaced. c The original

tires have a built-in tread wear indicator. When the wear indicator is visible, the tire should be replaced.

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c Improper service for a T-type spare tire may result in serious personal injury. If it is necessary to repair the T-type spare tire, contact your NIS- SAN dealer.

Changing tires and wheels When replacing a tire, use the same size, tread design, speed rating and load carrying capacity as originally equipped. Recom- mended types and sizes are shown in ‘‘wheels/tire size’’ in the ‘‘Technical and con- sumer information’’ section of this manual.

WARNING

c The use of tires other than those rec- ommended or the mixed use of tires of different brands, construction (bias, bias-belted or radial), or tread patterns can adversely affect the ride, braking, handling, ground clearance, body-to- tire clearance, tire chain clearance, speedometer calibration, headlight aim and bumper height. Some of these effects may lead to accidents and could result in serious personal injury. c If the wheels are changed for any rea- son, always replace with wheels which have the same offset dimension. Wheels of a different offset could cause early tire wear, possibly de- graded vehicle handling characteris- tics and/or interference with the brake

discs/drums. Such interference can lead to decreased braking efficiency and/or early brake pad/shoe wear.

c Do not install a deformed wheel or tire even if it has been repaired. Such wheels or tires could have structural damage and could fail without warn- ing.

c The use of retread tires is not recom-

mended.

Wheel balance Unbalanced wheels may affect vehicle han- dling and tire life. Even with regular use, wheels can get out of balance. Therefore, they should be balanced as required. Wheel balance service should be per- formed with the wheels off the vehicle. Spin balancing the front wheels on the vehicle could lead to transmission damage. Care of wheels c Wash the wheels when washing the ve-

hicle to maintain their appearance.

c Clean the inner side of the wheels when the wheel is changed or the underside of 8-31

Do-it-yourself

Z X

c Because the T-type spare tire is smaller than the original tire, ground clearance is reduced. To avoid dam- age to the vehicle do not drive over obstacles. Also do not drive the ve- hicle through an automatic car wash since it may get caught.

c Do not use the T-type spare tire on

other vehicles.

c Do not use more than one T-type

spare tire at the same time.

c Do not tow a trailer while the T-type

spare tire is installed.

c Periodically check tire inflation pres- sure, and always keep it at 60 psi (420 kPa, 4.2 bar).

c Do not drive your vehicle at speeds

faster than 50 MPH (80 km/h).

c Do not use tire chains on a T-type spare tire. Tire chains will not fit properly on the T-type spare tire and may cause damage to the vehicle.

c When driving on roads covered with snow or ice, the T-type spare tire should be used on the rear wheel and the original tire used on the front wheels (drive wheels). Use tire chains only on the front two original tires.

c Tire tread of the T-type spare tire will wear at a faster rate than the original tire. Replace the T-type spare tire as soon as the tread wear indicators appear.

the vehicle is washed.

c Do not use abrasive cleaners when

washing the wheels.

c Inspect wheel rims regularly for dents or corrosion. Such damage may cause loss of pressure or poor seal at the tire bead. c NISSAN recommends waxing the road in

wheels to protect against road salt areas where it is used during winter.

Spare tire (T-type spare tire) Observe the following precautions if the T-type spare tire must be used, otherwise your vehicle could be damaged or involved in an accident:

CAUTION

c The T-type spare tire should be used only for an emergency. It should be replaced by the standard tire at the first opportunity.

c Drive carefully while the T-type spare tire is installed. Avoid sharp turns and abrupt braking while driv- ing.

8-32 Do-it-yourself

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9 Maintenance

General maintenance.............................................9-2
Outside the vehicle ................................................9-2
Inside the vehicle ...................................................9-3
Under the hood and vehicle...................................9-4

Periodic maintenance schedules ...........................9-5
Schedule one .........................................................9-5
Schedule two..........................................................9-5
Explanation of maintenance items.......................9-10

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Your new NISSAN has been designed to have minimum maintenance requirements with longer service intervals to save you both time and money. However, some day- to-day and regular maintenance is essential to maintain your NISSAN’s good mechani- cal condition, as well as its emission and engine performance. It is the owner’s responsibility to make sure the specified periodic maintenance, as well as general maintenance, is performed.