2001 Ford F 250 Owners Manual

FM1

STST

BAL

FADE AUTO SET

SEEK

TUNE DISCS

SCAN

EJ

DOLBY B NR DOLBY B NR

TAPE CD

REW

FF

SIDE 1-2

COMP

SHUFFLE

OFF

A/C MAX A/C

Your vehicle is equipped with a crash sensing and diagnostic module which records information about the air bag and sensor systems. In the event of a collision this module may save information related to the collision including information about the air bag system and impact severity. This information will assist Ford in the servicing of your vehicle and may help Ford better understand real world collisions and further improve the safety of future vehicles.

Important supplemental restraint system (SRS) precautions The supplemental restraint system is designed to work with the safety belt to help protect the driver and right front passenger from certain upper body injuries. Air bags DO NOT inflate slowly or gently and the risk of injury from a deploying air bag is greatest close to the trim covering the air bag module.

All occupants of the vehicle, including the driver, should always properly wear their safety belts, even when an air bag SRS is

provided.

107

Seating and safety restraints

Always transport children 12 years old and under in the back seat and always properly use appropriate child restraints.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) recommends a minimum distance of at least 25 cm (10 inches)

between an occupant’s chest and the driver air bag module.

Never place your arm over the air bag module as a deploying air bag can result in serious arm fractures or other injuries.

Steps you can take to properly position yourself away from the air bag: • Move your seat to the rear as far as you can while still reaching the • Recline the seat slightly (one or two degrees) from the upright

pedals comfortably.

position.

Do not put anything on or over the air bag module. Placing objects on or over the air bag inflation area may cause those

objects to be propelled by the air bag into your face and torso causing serious injury.

Do not attempt to service, repair, or modify the air bag supplemental restraint systems or its fuses. Se your Ford or

Lincoln Mercury dealer.

Modifications to the front end of the vehicle, including frame, bumper, front end body structure and tow hooks may affect the performance of the air bag sensors increasing the risk of injury. Do not modify the front end of the vehicle.

Additional equipment such as snowplow equipment may effect the performance of the air bag sensors increasing the risk of

injury. Please refer to the Body Builders Layout Book for instructions about the appropriate installation of additional equipment.

108

Seating and safety restraints

Removing the blocker beam without installing snow plow attachment hardware may effect air bag deployment in a crash. Do not operate the truck unless either the blocker beam or snow plow attachment hardware is installed on the vehicle.

Children and air bags For additional important safety information, read all information on safety restraints in this guide. Children must always be properly restrained. Failure to follow these instructions may increase the risk of injury in a collision.

An infant in a rear-facing seat faces a high risk of serious or fatal injuries from a deploying passenger air bag. Rear facing infant

seats should NEVER be placed in the front seats, unless the passenger air bag is turned off. See Passenger air bag ON/OFF switch.

How does the air bag supplemental restraint system work? The air bag SRS is designed to activate when the vehicle sustains sufficient longitudinal deceleration. The fact that the air bags did not inflate in a collision does not mean that something is wrong with the system. Rather, it means the forces were not of the type sufficient to cause activation. Air bags are designed to inflate in frontal and near-frontal collisions, not rollover, side-impact, or rear-impacts.

109

Seating and safety restraints

The air bags inflate and deflate rapidly upon activation. After air bag deployment, it is normal to notice a smoke-like, powdery residue or smell the burnt propellant. This may consist of cornstarch, talcum powder (to lubricate the bag) or sodium compounds (e.g., baking soda) that result from the combustion process that inflates the air bag. Small amounts of sodium hydroxide may be present which may irritate the skin and eyes, but none of the residue is toxic. While the system is designed to help reduce serious injuries, it may also cause minor abrasions, swelling or temporary hearing loss. Because air bags must inflate rapidly and with considerable force, there is the risk of death or serious injuries such as fractures, facial and eye injuries or internal injuries, particularly to occupants who are not properly restrained or are otherwise out of position at the time of air bag deployment. Thus, it is extremely important that occupants be properly restrained as far away from the air bag module as possible while maintaining vehicle control.

Several air bag system components get hot after inflation. Do not touch them after inflation.

If the air bag has deployed, the air bag will not function again and must be replaced immediately. If the air bag is not

replaced, the unrepaired area will increase the risk of injury in a collision.

inflators and air bags),

The SRS consists of: • driver and passenger (if equipped) air bag modules (which include the • one or more impact and safing sensors, • a readiness light and tone • and the electrical wiring which connects the components.

110

Seating and safety restraints

The diagnostic module monitors its own internal circuits and the supplemental air bag electrical system warning (including the impact sensors), the system wiring, the air bag system readiness light, the air bag back up power and the air bag ignitors.

Determining if the system is operational The SRS uses a readiness light in the instrument cluster or a tone to indicate the condition of the system. Refer to the Air bag readiness section in the Instrumentation chapter. Routine maintenance of the air bag is not required. A difficulty with the system is indicated by one or more of the following: • The readiness light will either • The readiness light will not illuminate immediately after ignition is turned on.

• A series of five beeps will be heard. The tone pattern will repeat

flash or stay lit.

periodically until the problem and/or light are repaired.

If any of these things happen, even intermittently, have the SRS serviced at your dealership or by a qualified technician immediately. Unless serviced, the system may not function properly in the event of a collision.

Disposal of air bags and air bag equipped vehicles (including pretensioners) For disposal of air bags or air bag equipped vehicles, see your local dealership or qualified technician. Air bags MUST BE disposed of by qualified personnel.

111

Seating and safety restraints

Passenger air bag ON/OFF switch (if equipped)

An air bag ON/OFF switch has been installed in this vehicle. Before driving, always look at the face of the switch to be sure the switch is in the proper position in accordance with these instructions and warnings. Failure to put the switch in a proper position can increase the risk of serious injury or death in a collision.

Turning the passenger air bag off 1. Insert the ignition key, turn the switch to OFF position and hold in OFF position while removing the key. 2. When the ignition is turned to the ON position the OFF light illuminates briefly, momentarily shuts off and then turns back on. This indicates that the passenger air bag is deactivated.

PASSENGER AIR BAG

ON

OFF

OFF

PASSENGER AIR BAG

ON

OFF

OFF

If the light fails to illuminate when the passenger air bag switch is in the OFF position and the ignition switch is in ON, have the

passenger air bag switch serviced at your Ford or Lincoln-Mercury dealer immediately.

In order to avoid inadvertent activation of the switch, always remove the ignition key from the passenger air bag ON/OFF

switch.

112

Seating and safety restraints

Turning the passenger air bag back on The passenger air bag remains OFF until you turn it back ON. 1. Insert the ignition key and turn the switch to ON. 2. The OFF light will briefly illuminate when the ignition is turned to On. This indicates that the passenger air bag is operational.

OFF

OFF

ON

PASSENGER AIR BAG

If the light is illuminated when the passenger air bag switch is in the ON position and the ignition switch is in ON, have the

passenger air bag switch serviced at your Ford or Lincoln-Mercury dealer immediately.

The passenger side air bag should always be ON (the air bag OFF light should not be illuminated) unless the passenger is a person who meets the requirements stated either in Category 1, 2 or 3 of the NHTSA/Transport Canada deactivation criteria which follows.

The safety belts for the driver and right front passenger seating positions have been specifically designed to function together

with the air bags in certain types of crashes. When you turn OFF your air bag, you not only lose the protection of the air bag, you also may reduce the effectiveness of your safety belt system, which was designed to work with the air bag. If you are not a person who meets the requirements stated in the NHTSA/Transport Canada deactivation criteria turning OFF the air bag can increase the risk of serious injury or death in a collision.

Always transport children who are 12 and younger in the rear seat. Always use safety belts and child restraints properly. If a

child in a rear facing infant seat must be transported in front, the passenger air bag must be turned OFF. This is because the back of the infant seat is too close to the inflating air bag and the risk of a fatal injury to the infant when the air bag inflates is substantial.

113

Seating and safety restraints

The vast majority of drivers and passengers are much safer with an air bag than without. To do their job and reduce the risk of life threatening injuries, air bags must open with great force, and this force can pose a potentially deadly risk in some situations, particularly when a front seat occupant is not properly buckled up. The most effective way to reduce the risk of unnecessary air bag injuries without reducing the overall safety of the vehicle is to make sure all occupants are properly restrained in the vehicle, especially in the front seat. This provides the protection of safety belts and permits the air bags to provide the additional protection they were designed to provide. If you choose to deactivate your air bag, you are losing the very significant risk reducing benefits of the air bag and you are also reducing the effectiveness of the safety belts, because safety belts in modern vehicles are designed to work as a safety system with the air bags. Read all air bag Warning labels in the vehicle as well as the other important air bag instructions and Warnings in this Owner’s Guide. NHTSA deactivation criteria (excluding Canada) 1. Infant. An infant (less than 1 year old) must ride in the front seat because: • the vehicle has no rear seat; • the vehicle has a rear seat too small to accommodate a rear-facing • the infant has a medical condition which, according to the infant’s

infant seat; or

physician, makes it necessary for the infant to ride in the front so that the driver can constantly monitor the child’s condition.

2. Child age 1 to 12. A child age 1 to 12 must ride in the front seat because: • the vehicle has no rear seat; • although children ages 1 to 12 ride in the rear seat(s) whenever possible, children ages 1 to 12 sometimes must ride in the front because no space is available in the rear seat(s) of the vehicle; or • the child has a medical condition which, according to the child’s

physician, makes it necessary for the child to ride in the front seat so that the driver can constantly monitor the child’s condition.

114

Seating and safety restraints

and

3. Medical condition. A passenger has a medical condition which, according to his or her physician: • causes the passenger air bag to pose a special risk for the passenger; • makes the potential harm from the passenger air bag in a crash greater than the potential harm from turning OFF the air bag and allowing the passenger, even if belted, to hit the dashboard or windshield in a crash.

This vehicle has special energy management safety belts for the driver and/or right front passenger. These particular belts are specifically designed to work with air bags to help reduce the risk of injury in a collision. The energy management safety belt is designed to give or release additional belt webbing in some accidents to reduce concentration of force on an occupant’s chest and reduce the risk of certain bone fractures and injuries to underlying organs. In a crash, if the air bag is turned OFF, this energy management safety belt might permit the person wearing the belt to move forward enough to incur a serious or fatal injury. The more severe the crash, and the heavier the occupant, the greater the risk is. Be sure the air bag is turned ON for any person who does not qualify under the NHTSA deactivation criteria.

Transport Canada deactivation criteria (Canada Only) 1. Infant: An infant (less than 1 year old) must ride in the front seat because: • my vehicle has no rear seat; • the rear seat in my vehicle cannot accommodate a rear-facing infant • the infant has a medical condition which, according to the infant’s

seat; or

physician, makes it necessary for the infant to ride in the front seat so that the driver can monitor the infant’s condition.

2. Child age 12 or under: A child age 12 or under must ride in the front seat because: • my vehicle has no rear seat; • although children age 12 and under ride in the rear seat whenever

possible, children age 12 and under have no option but to sometimes ride in the front seat because rear seat space is insufficient; or

115

Seating and safety restraints • the child has a medical condition that, according to the child’s

physician, makes it necessary for the child to ride in the front seat so that the driver can monitor the child’s condition.

3. Medical condition: A passenger has a medical condition that, according to his or her physician: • poses a special risk for the passenger if the air bag deploys; and • makes the potential harm from the passenger air bag deployment greater than the potential harm from turning OFF the air bag and experiencing a crash without the protection offered by the air bag

This vehicle has special energy management safety belts for the driver and/or right front passenger. These particular belts are specifically designed to work with air bags to help reduce the risk of injury in a collision. The energy management safety belt is designed to give or release additional belt webbing in some accidents to reduce concentration of force on an occupant’s chest and reduce the risk of certain bone fractures and injuries to underlying organs. In a crash, if the air bag is turned OFF, this energy management safety belt might permit the person wearing the belt to move forward enough to incur a serious or fatal injury. The more severe the crash, and the heavier the occupant, the greater the risk is. Be sure the air bag is turned ON for any person who does not qualify under the Transport Canada deactivation criteria.

SAFETY RESTRAINTS FOR CHILDREN See the following sections for directions on how to properly use safety restraints for children. Also see Air Bag Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) in this chapter for special instructions about using air bags.

Important child restraint precautions You are required by law to use safety restraints for children in the U.S. and Canada. If small children ride in your vehicle (generally children who are four years old or younger and who weigh 18 kg [40 lbs] or less), you must put them in safety seats made especially for children. Check your local and state or provincial laws for specific requirements regarding the safety of children in your vehicle.

116

Seating and safety restraints

Never let a passenger hold a child on his or her lap while the vehicle is moving. The passenger cannot protect the child from

injury in a collision.

Always follow the instructions and warnings that come with any infant or child restraint you might use. When possible, always place children under age 12 in the rear seat of your vehicle. Accident statistics suggest that children are safer when properly restrained in the rear seating positions than in the front seating position.

Children and safety belts If the child is the proper size, restrain the child in a safety seat. Children who are too large for child safety seats (as specified by your child safety seat manufacturer) should always wear safety belts. Follow all the important safety restraint and air bag precautions that apply to adult passengers in your vehicle. If the shoulder belt portion of a combination lap and shoulder belt can be positioned so it does not cross or rest in front of the child’s face or neck, the child should wear the lap and shoulder belt. Moving the child closer to the center of the vehicle may help provide a good shoulder belt fit.

Do not leave children, unreliable adults, or pets unattended in your vehicle.

To improve the fit of lap and shoulder belts on children who have outgrown child safety seats, Ford recommends use of a belt-positioning booster seat that is labelled as conforming to all applicable Federal motor vehicle safety standards. Belt-positioning booster seats raise the child and provide a shorter, firmer seating cushion that encourages safer seating posture and better fit of lap and shoulder belts on the child. A belt-positioning booster seat should be used if the shoulder belt rests in front of the child’s face or neck, or if the lap belt does not fit snugly on both thighs, or if the thighs are too short to let the child sit all the way back on the seat cushion when the lower legs hang over the edge of the seat cushion. You may wish to discuss the special needs of your child with your pediatrician.

117

Seating and safety restraints

SAFETY SEATS FOR CHILDREN

Child and infant or child safety seats Use a safety seat that is recommended for the size and weight of the child. Carefully follow all of the manufacturer’s instructions with the safety seat you put in your vehicle. If you do not install and use the safety seat properly, the child may be injured in a sudden stop or collision. When installing a child safety seat: • Review and follow the information presented in the Air Bag Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) section in this chapter. • Use the correct safety belt buckle for that seating position (the buckle closest to the direction the tongue is coming from).

• Insert the belt tongue into the proper buckle until you hear a snap and feel it latch. Make sure the tongue is securely fastened in the buckle.

• Keep the buckle release button pointing up and away from the safety seat, with the tongue between the child seat and the release button, to prevent accidental unbuckling.

• Place seat back in upright position.

118

Seating and safety restraints • Put the safety belt in the automatic locking mode. Refer to Automatic

locking mode (passenger side front and outboard rear seating positions) (if equipped) section in this chapter.

Ford recommends the use of a child safety seat having a top tether strap. Install the child safety seat in a seating position which is capable of providing a tether anchorage. For more information on top tether straps, refer to Attaching child safety seats with tether straps. in this chapter.

Carefully follow all of the manufacturer’s instructions included with the safety seat you put in your vehicle. If you do not install and use the safety seat properly, the child may be injured in a sudden stop or collision.

Installing child safety seats in combination lap and shoulder belt seating positions 1. Position the child safety seat in a seat with a combination lap and shoulder belt.

An air bag can kill or injure a child in a child seat. If you must use a forward-facing child seat in the front seat, move seat all

the way back.

An air bag can kill or injure a child in a child seat. Child seats should never be placed in the front seats, unless passenger air

bag switch is turned off, See Passenger air bag on/off switch.

119

Seating and safety restraints

Rear facing child seats should NEVER be placed in the front seats unless the passenger airbag switch is turned off.

2. Pull down on the shoulder belt and then grasp the shoulder belt and lap belt together.

3. While holding the shoulder and lap belt portions together, route the tongue through the child seat according to the child seat manufacturer’s instructions. Be sure the belt webbing is not twisted.

4. Insert the belt tongue into the proper buckle (the buckle closest to the direction the tongue is coming from) for that seating position until you hear and feel the latch engage. Make sure the tongue is latched securely by pulling on it.

120

Seating and safety restraints

5. To put the retractor in the automatic locking mode, grasp the shoulder portion of the belt and pull downward until all of the belt is extracted and a click is heard.

6. Allow the belt to retract. The belt will click as it retracts to indicate it is in the automatic locking mode. 7. Pull the lap belt portion across the child seat toward the buckle and pull up on the shoulder belt while pushing down with knee on the child seat.

8. Allow the safety belt to retract to remove any slack in the belt. 9. Before placing the child in the seat, forcibly tilt the seat forward and back to make sure the seat is securely held in place.

10. Try to pull the belt out of the retractor to make sure the retractor is in the automatic locking mode (you should not be able to pull more belt out). If the retractor is not locked, unbuckle the belt and repeat steps two through nine. Check to make sure the child seat is properly secured before each use.

121

Seating and safety restraints

Attaching safety seats with tether straps Some manufacturers make safety seats that include a tether strap that goes over the back of the vehicle seat and attaches to an anchoring point. Other manufacturers offer the tether strap as an accessory. Contact the manufacturer of your child safety seat for information about ordering a tether strap.

Tether anchorage hardware A tethered seat can be installed in the front seat. Put the tether strap over the seatback and attach it to an anchor bracket. An anchor bracket can be installed to the inside of the back panel of your vehicle. The anchor bracket must be installed using the instructions provided with the tether anchorage hardware kit. Tether anchorage hardware kits (part number 613D74) including instructions, may be obtained at no charge from any Ford or Lincoln/Mercury dealer. If you have a Super Cab or Crew Cab, Ford recommends you attach tether safety seats in the rear seating position (if possible) with the tether strap attached to the tether anchorage bracket as shown in the instructions provided with the tether anchor kit.

Tighten the anchor according to specifications. Otherwise, the safety seat may not be properly secured and the child may be

injured in a sudden stop or collision.

Attaching child safety seats with tether straps Most new forward-facing child safety seats include a tether strap which goes over the back of the seat and hooks to an anchoring point. Tether straps are available as an accessory for many older safety seats. Contact the manufacturer of your child seat for information about ordering a tether strap. The passenger seats of your vehicle may be equipped with built-in tether strap anchors located behind the seats as described below. The tether anchors in your vehicle may be straps on the seatback or an anchor bracket on the rear edge of the seat cushion or an anchor bracket mounted to the body shell on the back panel.

122

Seating and safety restraints

The SuperCab rear seat has three straps behind the top of the seat back that function as both routing loops for the tether straps and anchor loops. The tether strap anchors in your vehicle are in the following positions (shown from top view):

Attach the tether strap only to the appropriate tether anchor as shown. The tether strap may not work properly if attached

somewhere other than the correct tether anchor. • F—Series Regular Cab

• F—Series SuperCab

• F—Series Crew Cab

Tether strap attachment 1. Position the child safety seat on the seat cushion. 2. Route the child safety seat tether strap over the back of the seat. 3. Locate the correct anchor for the selected seating position.

123

Seating and safety restraints

4. You may need to pull the seatback forward to access the tether anchors. Make sure the seat is locked in the upright position before installing the child seat. Refer to the Folding down the rear seats section in this chapter for information on how to operate the rear seats. 5. Clip the tether strap to the anchor as shown. • Front seat (SuperCab only)

• Front seats (Regular Cab) and

Rear seats (Crew Cab only)

If the tether strap is clipped incorrectly, the child safety seat may not be retained properly in the event of a collision.

6. Refer to the Installing child safety seats in combination lap and shoulder belt seating positions section of this chapter for further instructions to secure the child safety seat. 7. Tighten the child safety seat tether strap according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

If the safety seat is not anchored properly, the risk of a child being injured in a collision greatly increases.

124

Seating and safety restraints

Tether strap attachment rear SuperCab only There are three loops of webbing just above the back of the rear seat (along the bottom edge of the rear window) in the SuperCab. These loops are to be used as both routing loops and anchor loops for child safety seat tether straps. Many tether straps cannot be tightened if the tether strap is hooked to the loop directly behind the child seat. To provide a tight tether strap: 1. Route the tether strap through the loop directly behind the child seat.

2. Attach the strap hook onto the loop behind an adjacent seating position.

3. Install the child safety seat tightly using the vehicle belts. Follow the instructions in this chapter. 4. Tighten the tether strap according to the child seat manufacturer’s instructions.

A single loop can be used to route and anchor more than one child seat. For example, the center loop can be used as a routing loop for a child safety seat in the center rear seat and as an anchoring loop for child seats installed in the outboard rear seats.

125

Starting

PREPARING TO START YOUR VEHICLE Engine starting is controlled by the powertrain control system. This system meets all Canadian Interference-Causing Equipment standard requirements regulating the impulse electrical field strength of radio noise. When starting a fuel-injected engine, avoid pressing the accelerator before or during starting. Only use the accelerator when you have difficulty starting the engine. For more information on starting the vehicle, refer to Starting the engine in this chapter.

Extended idling at high engine speeds can produce very high temperatures in the engine and exhaust system, creating the risk

of fire or other damage.

Do not park, idle, or drive your vehicle in dry grass or other dry ground cover. The emission system heats up the engine

compartment and exhaust system, which can start a fire.

Do not start your vehicle in a closed garage or in other enclosed areas. Exhaust fumes can be toxic. Always open the garage door before you start the engine. See Guarding against exhaust fumes in this chapter for more instructions.

If you smell exhaust fumes inside your vehicle, have your dealer inspect your vehicle immediately. Do not drive if you smell

exhaust fumes.

Important safety precautions A computer system controls the engine’s idle revolutions per minute (RPM). When the engine starts, the idle RPM runs faster to warm the engine. If the engine idle speed does not slow down automatically, have the vehicle checked. Do not allow the vehicle to idle for more than 10
minutes at high engine RPM. Before starting the vehicle: 1. Make sure all vehicle occupants have buckled their safety belts. For more information on safety belts and their proper usage, refer to the Seating and safety restraints chapter.

126

Starting

2. Make sure the headlamps and vehicle accessories are off. If starting a vehicle with an automatic transmission: • Make sure the parking brake is

set.

• Make sure the gearshift is in P (Park). If starting a vehicle with a manual transmission: • Make sure the parking brake is set. • Push the clutch pedal to the

floor.

3. Turn the key to 4 (ON) without turning the key to 5 (START). If there is difficulty in turning the key, firmly rotate the steering wheel left and right until the key turns freely. This condition may occur when: • front wheels are turned • front wheel is against the curb • steering wheel is turned when getting in or out of the vehicle

127

Starting

LOW FUEL

18

+ -

FUEL FILL

40

50

60

30

80

100

60

70

80

120

40

20

20

10

0 0 0 0 0

140

160

MPH

0 0 0 0

km/h

P R N 2 1

90

100

RPM 1000

SERVICE ENGINE SOON

LOW RANGE

4 X 4

ABS

CRUISE

BRAKE

DOOR AJAR

light may not illuminate.

Make sure the corresponding lights illuminate or illuminate briefly. If a light fails to illuminate, have the vehicle serviced. • If the driver’s safety belt is fastened, the STARTING THE ENGINE NOTE: Whenever you start your vehicle, release the key as soon as the engine starts. Excessive cranking could damage the starter. 1. Turn the key to 5 (START) without pressing the accelerator pedal and release as soon as the engine starts. The key will return to 4 (ON). 2. If the temperature is above –12°C (10°F) and the engine does not start within five seconds on the first try, turn the key to OFF, wait 10
seconds and try again.

3. If the temperature is below -12° C (10° F) and the engine does not start in 15 seconds on the first try, turn the key OFF and wait 10
seconds and try again. If the engine does not start in two attempts, press the accelerator pedal all the way to floor and hold. Turn the key to START position. 4. When the engine starts, release the key, then release the accelerator pedal gradually as the engine speeds up. 5. After idling for a few seconds, apply the brake and release the parking brake.

128

Starting

Using the engine block heater (if equipped) An engine block heater warms the engine coolant, which improves starting, warms up the engine faster and allows the heater-defroster system to respond quickly. Use of an engine block heater is strongly recommended if you live in a region where temperatures reach -23°C (-10°F) or below. For best results, plug the heater in at least three hours before starting the vehicle. Using the heater for longer than three hours will not harm the engine, so the heater can be plugged in the night before starting the vehicle.

To prevent electrical shock, do not use your heater with ungrounded electrical systems or two-pronged (cheater)

adapters.

Guarding against exhaust fumes Although odorless and colorless, carbon monoxide is present in exhaust fumes. Take precautions to avoid its dangerous effects.

If you ever smell exhaust fumes of any kind inside your vehicle, have your dealer inspect and fix your vehicle immediately. Do not drive if you smell exhaust fumes. These fumes are harmful and could kill you.

Have the exhaust and body ventilation systems checked whenever: • the vehicle is raised for service • the sound of the exhaust system changes • the vehicle has been damaged in a collision

129

Starting

WARNING: Engine exhaust, some of its constituents, and certain vehicle components contain or emit chemicals known to

the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. In addition, certain fluids contained in vehicles and certain products of component wear contain or emit chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm.

Important ventilating information If the engine is idling while the vehicle is stopped in an open area for long periods of time, open the windows at least 2.5 cm (one inch). Adjust the heating or air conditioning (if equipped) to bring in fresh air. Improve vehicle ventilation by keeping all air inlet vents clear of snow, leaves and other debris.

130

Driving

BRAKES Your service brakes are self-adjusting. Refer to the scheduled maintenance guide for scheduled maintenance. Occasional brake noise is normal and often does not indicate a performance concern with the vehicle’s brake system. In normal operation, automotive brake systems may emit occasional or intermittent squeal or groan noises when the brakes are applied. Such noises are usually heard during the first few brake applications in the morning; however, they may be heard at any time while braking and can be aggravated by environmental conditions such as cold, heat, moisture, road dust, salt or mud. If a “metal-to-metal,” “continuous grinding” or “continuous squeal” sound is present while braking, the brake linings may be worn-out and should be inspected by a qualified service technician.

Four-wheel anti-lock brake system (ABS) This vehicle is equipped with an anti-lock braking system (ABS). A noise from the hydraulic pump motor and pulsation in the pedal may be observed during ABS braking events. Pedal pulsation coupled with noise while braking under panic conditions or on loose gravel, bumps, wet or snowy roads is normal and indicates proper functioning of the vehicle’s anti-lock brake system. If the vehicle has continuous vibration or shudder in the steering wheel while braking, the vehicle should be inspected by a qualified service technician. The ABS operates by detecting the onset of wheel lockup during brake applications and compensates for this tendency. The wheels are prevented from locking even when the brakes are firmly applied. The accompanying illustration depicts the advantage of an ABS equipped vehicle (on bottom) to a non-ABS equipped vehicle (on top) during hard braking with loss of front braking traction.

131

Driving

Using four wheel ABS • In an emergency or when maximum efficiency from the four wheel ABS is required, apply continuous force on the brake. The four wheel ABS will be activated immediately, thus allowing you to retain full steering control of your vehicle and, providing there is sufficient space, will enable you to avoid obstacles and bring the vehicle to a controlled stop. • The anti-lock system does not decrease the time necessary to apply the brakes or always reduce stopping distance. Always leave enough room between your vehicle and the vehicle in front of you to stop.

• We recommend that you familiarize yourself with this braking

technique. However, avoid taking any unnecessary risks.

ABS warning lamp ABS The ABS warning lamp in the instrument cluster momentarily illuminates when the ignition is turned to the ON position. If the light does not illuminate momentarily at start up, remains on or continues to flash, the ABS needs to be serviced. With the ABS light on, the anti-lock brake system is disabled and normal braking is still effective unless the brake warning light also remains illuminated with parking brake released. (If your brake warning lamp illuminates, have your vehicle serviced immediately.)

132

Driving

Parking brake Apply the parking brake whenever the vehicle is parked. To set the parking brake, press the parking brake pedal down until the pedal stops.

The BRAKE warning lamp in the instrument cluster illuminates and remains illuminated (when the ignition is turned ON) until the parking brake is released.

Always set the parking brake fully and make sure that the gearshift is securely latched in P (Park) (automatic

transmission) or in 1 (First) (manual transmission).

The parking brake is not recommended to stop a moving vehicle. However, if the normal brakes fail, the parking brake can be used to stop your vehicle in an emergency. Since the parking brake applies only the rear brakes, the vehicle’s stopping distance will increase greatly and the handling of your vehicle will be adversely affected.

133

Driving

Pull the release lever to release the brake. Driving with the parking brake on will cause the brakes to wear out quickly and reduce fuel economy.

PULL

STEERING YOUR VEHICLE Your vehicle is equipped with power steering. Power steering uses energy from the engine to help steer the vehicle. Never hold the steering wheel to the extreme right or the extreme left position for more than a few seconds when the engine is running. This action could damage the power steering pump. If the amount of effort needed to steer your vehicle changes at a constant vehicle speed, have the power steering system checked. If the power steering system breaks down (or if the engine is turned off), you can steer the vehicle manually, but it takes more effort. After any severe impact such as striking large potholes, sliding into curbs on icy roads or a collision involving the front end, have the front suspension and steering checked for possible damage.

TRACTION-LOK AXLE (IF EQUIPPED) This axle provides added traction on slippery surfaces, particularly when one wheel is on a poor traction surface. Under normal conditions, the Traction-Lok axle functions like a standard rear axle. Extended use of other than the manufacturer’s specified size tires on a Traction-Lok rear axle could result in a permanent reduction in effectiveness. This loss of effectiveness does not affect normal driving and should not be noticeable to the driver.

To avoid injury, never run the engine with one wheel off the ground, such as when changing a tire.

134

Driving

PREPARING TO DRIVE YOUR VEHICLE

Utility vehicles have a significantly higher rollover rate than other types of vehicles.

In a rollover crash, an unbelted person is significantly more likely to die than a person wearing a seat belt.

Your vehicle has special design and equipment features to make it capable of performing in a wide variety of circumstances. These special design features, such as larger tires and increased ground clearance, give the vehicle a higher center of gravity than a passenger car.

Vehicles with a higher center of gravity such as utility and four-wheel drive vehicles handle differently than vehicles with a

lower center of gravity. Utility and four-wheel drive vehicles are not designed for cornering at speeds as high as passenger cars any more than low-slung sports cars are designed to perform satisfactorily under off-road conditions. Avoid sharp turns, excessive speed and abrupt maneuvers in these vehicles. Failure to drive cautiously could result in an increased risk of vehicle rollover, personal injury and death.

Loaded vehicles, with a higher center of gravity, may handle differently than unloaded vehicles. Extra precautions, such as

slower speeds and increased stopping distance, should be taken when driving a heavily loaded vehicle.

Your vehicle has the capability to haul more cargo and people than most passenger cars. Depending upon the type and placement of the load, hauling people and cargo may raise the center of gravity of the vehicle. Use extra caution while becoming familiar with your vehicle. Know the capabilities and limitations of both you as a driver and your vehicle.

135

Driving

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION OPERATION (IF EQUIPPED)

Brake-shift interlock This vehicle is equipped with a brake-shift interlock feature that prevents the gearshift lever from being moved from P (Park) when the ignition is in the ON position unless brake pedal is depressed. If you cannot move the gearshift lever out of P (Park) with ignition in the ON position and the brake pedal depressed: 1. Apply the parking brake, turn ignition to the LOCK position, then remove the key. 2. Reinsert the key and turn the ignition to the OFF position. 3. Press and hold down the brake pedal and shift into N (Neutral). 4. Start the vehicle. If it is necessary to use the above procedure to move the gearshift lever, it is possible that a fuse has blown or the vehicle’s brakelamps are not operating properly. Refer to Fuses and relays in the Roadside emergencies chapter.

Do not drive your vehicle until you verify that the brakelamps are working.

If your vehicle gets stuck in mud or snow it may be rocked out by shifting from forward and reverse gears, stopping between shifts, in a steady pattern. Press lightly on the accelerator in each gear. Do not rock the vehicle for more than a few minutes. The transmission and tires may be damaged or the engine may overheat.

Always set the parking brake fully and make sure the gearshift is latched in P (Park). Turn off the ignition whenever you leave

your vehicle.

If the parking brake is fully released, but the brake warning lamp remains illuminated, the brakes may not be working properly.

See your dealer or a qualified service technician.

136

Driving

Driving with a 4–speed automatic transmission Understanding gearshift positions To put your vehicle in gear, start the engine, depress the brake pedal, then move gearshift lever out of P (Park).

Hold the brake pedal down while you move the gearshift lever from P (Park) to another position. If you do not hold the brake pedal down, your vehicle may move unexpectedly and injure someone.

P (Park) Always come to a complete stop before shifting into P (Park). Make sure the gearshift lever is securely latched in P (Park). This position locks the transmission and prevents the rear wheels from turning.

Always set the parking brake fully and make sure the gearshift lever is latched in P (Park). Turn off the ignition whenever you

leave your vehicle.

R (Reverse) With the gearshift lever in R (Reverse), the vehicle will move backward. Always come to a complete stop before shifting into and out of R (Reverse). N (Neutral) With the gearshift lever in N (Neutral), the vehicle can be started and is free to roll. Hold the brake pedal down while in this gear.

137

Driving

(Overdrive)

The normal driving position for the best fuel economy. Transmission operates in gears one through four.

(Overdrive) can be deactivated by pressing the transmission control switch (TCS) on the end of the gearshift lever. The transmission control indicator light (TCIL) (the word OFF) on the end of the gearshift lever will illuminate.

OVERDRIVE OFF

OVERDRIVE

position. The TCIL (the word OFF) will illuminate on the

Drive – Not shown on the display. Activate by pressing the transmission control switch (TCS) on the end of the gearshift lever with the gearshift in the gearshift lever. Transmission operates in gears one through three. (Drive) provides more engine braking than when: • driving with a heavy load. • towing a trailer up or down steep hills. • additional engine downhill braking is desired. If towing a trailer, refer

(Overdrive) and is useful

to Driving while you tow in the Trailer towing section.

(Overdrive) mode, press the transmission control switch

To return to (TCS). The TCIL (the word OFF) will no longer be illuminated. Each time the vehicle is started, the transmission will automatically return to normal overdrive mode. Every time the vehicle is shut off and restarted, you must press the transmission control switch to cancel overdrive operation if driving in overdrive is not desired. 2 (Second) Use 2 (Second) to start-up on slippery roads or to provide additional engine braking on downgrades.

138

Driving

(Overdrive) or Drive (O/D OFF) when

1 (First) Use 1 (Low) to provide maximum engine braking on steep downgrades. Upshifts can be made by shifting to 2 (Second) or to (Overdrive). Selecting 1 (Low) at higher speeds causes the transmission to shift to a lower gear, and will shift to 1 (Low) after vehicle decelerates to the proper speed. Forced Downshifts To gain acceleration in passing another vehicle, push the accelerator to the floor. The transmission will downshift to the appropriate gear: third, second or first gear. Shift strategy (4R100 automatic transmission) To account for customer driving habits and conditions, your 4R100
automatic transmission electronically controls the shift quality by using an adaptive learning strategy. The adaptive learning strategy is maintained by power from the battery. When the battery is disconnected or a new battery is installed, the transmission must relearn its adaptive strategy. Optimal shifting will resume within a few hundred kilometers (miles) of operation. If the shift quality does not improve within a few hundred kilometers (miles) of operation, or if the downshifts and other throttle conditions do not function normally, see your dealer or a qualified service technician as soon as possible.

MANUAL TRANSMISSION OPERATION (IF EQUIPPED)

Using the clutch Vehicles equipped with a manual transmission have a starter interlock that prevents cranking the engine unless the clutch pedal is fully depressed.

139

Driving

When starting a vehicle with a manual transmission, you must: 1. Make sure the parking brake is fully set. 2. Depress the clutch pedal fully. 3. Put the gearshift lever in N (Neutral).

3 D

4 R

3 D

2 4

4. Turn the ignition to position 5
(START) to start the engine, let the engine idle for a few seconds. 5. Depress the brake pedal. 6. Release the parking brake. 7. Move the gearshift lever to the desired gear. 8. Release the brake pedal. 9. Slowly release the clutch pedal while slowly pressing down on the accelerator pedal.

• Do not drive with your foot resting on the clutch pedal and do not use

the clutch to hold your vehicle at a standstill while waiting on a hill. These actions will greatly reduce clutch life.

140

Driving

Recommended shift speeds Downshift according to the following charts for your specific engine/drivetrain combination:

Maximum downshift speeds1

5-speed transmission

Shift from:

Transfer case position (if equipped)2

D (Overdrive) - 4

4 - 3
3 - 2
2 - 1

2H or 4H

72 km/h (45 mph) 56 km/h (35 mph) 32 km/h (20 mph) 8 km/h (5 mph)

4L

35 km/h (22 mph) 23 km/h (14 mph) 13 km/h (8 mph) 0 km/h (0 mph)

1 Use 2H or 4H for 4WD equipped vehicles. 2 Downshift at lower speeds when driving on slippery surfaces.

Maximum downshift speeds1

6-speed transmission

Shift from:

Transfer case position (if equipped)2

D (Overdrive) - 4

4 - 3
3 - 2
2 - 1
1 - LO

2H or 4H

72 km/h (45 mph) 56 km/h (35 mph) 32 km/h (20 mph) 8 km/h (5 mph)

4L

26 km/h (16 mph) 19 km/h (12 mph) 13 km/h (8 mph) 3 km/h (2 mph)

Only shift to LO when at a stop.

1 Use 2H or 4H for 4WD equipped vehicles. 2 Downshift at lower speeds when driving on slippery surfaces.

141

Driving

Parking your vehicle 1. Disengage the clutch, apply brake and shift into N (Neutral).

3 D

4 R

3 D

2 4

2. Set parking brake. 3. Shift into 1 (First).

4. Turn the ignition key to position 3 (OFF).

142

Do not park your vehicle in Neutral, it may move unexpectedly and injure someone. Use 1 (First) gear and set the parking brake

fully.

Driving

Reverse Make sure that your vehicle is at a complete stop before you shift into R (Reverse). Failure to do so may damage the transmission. Put the gearshift lever in N (Neutral) and wait at least three seconds before shifting into R (Reverse). With the 5–speed transmission you can shift into R (Reverse) only by moving the gearshift lever from left of 3 (Third) and 4 (Fourth) gears before you shift into R (Reverse). This is a special lockout feature that protects you from accidentally shifting into R (Reverse) when you downshift from D (Overdrive).

4 R

With the 6–speed transmission you can shift into R (Reverse) by moving the gearshift to the extreme left from N (Neutral).

R 1

42

143

Driving

2.

Removing key from ignition • Turn the ignition key to position • Push the release lever forward and rotate the key towards you and remove.

POWER TAKE OFF (PTO) CAPABILITY (IF EQUIPPED) Some vehicles equipped with an automatic transmission and the 6.8L or 7.3L engine are also equipped with Power Take Off (PTO) capability. These vehicles have a special transmission case, internal components and calibration for PTO usage. The PTO can be used during mobile and stationary continuous/intermittent applications. PTO operation is disabled while the vehicle is in Overdrive (the TCIL will not be illuminated), in N (Neutral), during engine cranking. Transmission upshift and downshift schedules will be reduced by about 15% and will have a firmer shift feel during PTO mobile applications. The PTO cannot be disabled while the transmission is in Manual 3
(Overdrive position with Overdrive canceled), Manual 2, Manual 1. Refer to the Body Builder’s Layout Book for recommended electrical installation.

144

Driving

FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) OPERATION (IF EQUIPPED)

For important information regarding safe operation of this type of vehicle, see Preparing to drive your vehicle in this chapter.

When four–wheel drive (4WD) is engaged, power is supplied to all four wheels through a transfer case. 4WD power can be selected when additional driving power is desired. If equipped with the Electronic Shift 4WD System, and the instrument panel control is moved to 4WD Low while the vehicle is moving, the system will not engage and no damage will occur to the 4WD system. Before 4WD Low can be engaged, the vehicle must be brought to a complete stop with the brake pedal depressed and the transmission placed in neutral (or the clutch pedal depressed on manual transmissions). 4WD operation is not recommended on dry pavement. Doing so could result in difficult disengagement of the transfer case, increased tire wear and decreased fuel economy.

Electronic shift on the fly (ESOF) 4x4 system (if equipped) The 4WD system: • provides 4x4 High engagement and disengagement while the vehicle is • is operated by a rotary control located on the instrument panel that • uses hub locks that can be engaged and disengaged automatically by

allows you select 2WD, 4x4 High or 4x4 Low operation.

moving.

using a rotary control located on the instrument panel.

145

Driving • automatic hub locks can be

manually overridden by rotating the hub lock control from AUTO to LOCK. Automatic operation of the hub locks is recommended. • For proper operation, make sure that the arrow and the indicator dot on the hub are aligned.

Manual 4x4 system (if equipped) The 4WD system is engaged or disengaged by rotating the control for both front wheel hub locks from the FREE or LOCK position, then manually engaging or disengaging the transfer case with the floor-mounted shifter. • For proper operation, make sure that the arrow and the indicator dot on the hub are aligned.

4WD system indicator lights The 4WD system indicator lights illuminate only under the following conditions. If these lights illuminate when driving in 2WD, contact your Ford dealer as soon as possible. • 4x4-momentarily illuminates after the engine is started. Illuminates when 4H (4x4 High) or 4L (4x4
Low) is engaged.

4x4

146

Driving

• LOW RANGE–momentarily illuminates when the ignition is turned to the ON position. Illuminates when 4L (4x4 Low) is engaged.

Using a manual 4WD system (if equipped) 2H (2WD High) – Power to rear axle only. 4H (4WD High) – Power to front and rear axles. N (Neutral) – No power to either axle. 4L (4WD Low)– Power to front and rear axles at reduced speed. Shifting from 2H (2WD high) to 4H (4WD high) Engage the locking hubs by rotating the hub lock control from FREE to LOCK, then move the transfer case lever from 2H (2WD High) to 4H (4WD High). • For proper operation, make sure that the arrow and the indicator dot on the hub are aligned.

Do not shift into 4H (4WD High) with the rear wheels slipping.

2H 4H

4L

147

Driving

Shifting from 4H (4WD high) to 2H (2WD high) Move the transfer case lever to 2H (2WD High) at a stop or any forward speed up to 88 km/h (55
mph). With the vehicle at complete stop, disengage the locking hubs (optional) by rotating the hub lock control from LOCK to FREE. • For proper operation, make sure that the arrow and the

2H 4H

4L

indicator dot on the hub are aligned.

Shifting from 4H (4WD high) to 4L (4WD low) 1. Bring the vehicle to a complete stop. 2. Depress the brake. 3. Place the gearshift lever in N (Neutral) (automatic transmission) or depress the clutch (manual transmission). 4. Move the transfer case shift lever through N (Neutral) directly to 4L (4WD Low) and hold the shift lever in 4L (4WD Low) until the transfer case has fully engaged (up to 15
seconds). 5. If the transfer case does not engage into 4L (4WD Low), repeat steps 1 through 4. Shifting from 4L (4WD low) to 4H (4WD high) or 2H (2WD high) 1. Bring the vehicle to a complete stop. 2. Depress the brake. 3. Place the gearshift lever in N (Neutral) (automatic transmission) or depress the clutch (manual transmission).

2H 4H

4L

148

Driving

2H 4H

4. Move the transfer case shift lever through N (Neutral) directly to 4H (4WD High) or 2H (2WD high) and hold the shift lever in position until the transfer case has fully engaged (up to 15 seconds). 5. If the transfer case does not engage, repeat steps 1 through 4. Using the N (Neutral) position The transfer case neutral position overrides the transmission and puts the vehicle in neutral regardless of transmission gearshift lever position. The vehicle can move forward or backwards. This position should only be used when towing the vehicle.

4L

2H 4H

4L

Do not leave the vehicle unattended with the transfer case in the N (Neutral) position. Always set the parking brake fully and turn

off the ignition when leaving the vehicle.

Using the electronic shift 4WD system (if equipped) Positions of the electronic shift system To prevent damage, the electronic shift 4WD system is designed to allow up to 45 seconds before the shift command is performed. In the event that conflicting shift commands are selected, allow up to 45 seconds for the shift command to be performed prior to reporting any shift concerns to your dealer. 2WD (2WD High) – Power to rear axle only. 4x4 HIGH (4WD High) – Power delivered to front and rear axles for increased traction. 4x4 LOW (4WD Low) – Power to front and rear axles at low speeds.

149

Driving

Shifting from 2WD (2WD high) to 4x4 HIGH (4WD high) Rotate the 4WD control to the 4x4
HIGH position at speeds up to 88
km/h (55 mph). • To prevent damage, the

4X4
HIGH

2WD

4X4
LOW

electronic shift 4WD system is designed to engage 4x4 HIGH (4WD high) when the vehicle is moving. If the 4x4 indicator light does not illuminate when shifting a vehicle that is stationary, start the vehicle moving. Once the vehicle is moving, 4x4 HIGH (4WD high) will engage and the 4x4 indicator will illuminate.

Do not shift into 4x4 HIGH with the rear wheels slipping. Shifting from 4x4 HIGH (4WD high) to 2WD (2WD high) Rotate the 4WD control to 2WD at any forward speed. Disengagement of the transfer case and front hubs may be delayed due to torque bind which is caused by driving on dry hard surfaces or performing tight turns while using the 4WD system.

4X4
HIGH

4X4
LOW

2WD

• You do not need to operate the vehicle in R (Reverse) to disengage

your front hubs.

Shifting from 4x4 HIGH (4WD high) to 4x4 LOW (4WD low) 1. Bring the vehicle to a complete stop. 2. Depress the brake. 3. Place the gearshift in N (Neutral) (automatic transmission) or depress the clutch (manual transmission).

150

Driving

2WD

4X4
LOW

4X4
HIGH

4. Move the 4WD control to the 4x4
LOW position. 5. Hold the shift command until the LOW RANGE indicator light illuminates. 6. If the LOW RANGE indicator light does not illuminate after 15
seconds, start the vehicle moving, then repeat steps 1 through 5
before reporting any shift concerns to your dealer. Shifting from 4x4 LOW (4WD low) to 4x4 HIGH (4WD high) or 2WD (2WD high) 1. Bring the vehicle to a complete stop. 2. Depress the brake. 3. Place the gearshift in N (Neutral) (automatic transmission) or depress the clutch (manual transmission). 4. Move the 4WD control to the 4x4
HIGH (4WD high) or 2WD (2WD high) position. 5. Hold the shift command until the LOW RANGE indicator light shuts off. 6. If the LOW RANGE indicator light does not shut off after 15 seconds, start the vehicle moving, then repeat steps 1 through 5 before reporting any shift concerns to your dealer.

4X4
HIGH

4X4
LOW

2WD

Driving off-road with 4WD Your vehicle is specially equipped for driving on sand, snow, mud and rough terrain and has operating characteristics that are somewhat different from conventional vehicles, both on and off the road. Maintain steering wheel control at all times, especially in rough terrain. Since sudden changes in terrain can result in abrupt steering wheel motion, make sure you grip the steering wheel from the outside. Do not grip the spokes.

151

Driving

Drive cautiously to avoid vehicle damage from concealed objects such as rocks and stumps. You should either know the terrain or examine maps of the area before driving. Map out your route before driving in the area. For more information on driving off-road, read the “Four Wheeling” supplement in your owner’s portfolio. If your vehicle gets stuck If the vehicle is stuck it may be rocked out by shifting from forward and reverse gears, stopping between shifts, in a steady pattern. Press lightly on the accelerator in each gear. Do not rock the vehicle if the engine is not at normal operating temperature or damage to the transmission may occur. Do not rock the vehicle for more than a few minutes or damage to the transmission and tires may occur or the engine may overheat.

Do not spin the wheels at over 56 km/h (35 mph). The tires may fail and injure a passenger or bystander.

Sand When driving over sand, try to keep all four wheels on the most solid area of the trail. Do not reduce the tire pressures but shift to a lower gear and drive steadily through the terrain. Apply the accelerator slowly and avoid spinning the wheels. Mud and water If you must drive through high water, drive slowly. Traction or brake capability may be limited. When driving through water, determine the depth; avoid water higher than the bottom of the hubs (if possible) and proceed slowly. If the ignition system gets wet, the vehicle may stall. Once through water, always try the brakes. Wet brakes do not stop the vehicle as effectively as dry brakes. Drying can be improved by moving your vehicle slowly while applying light pressure on the brake pedal. After driving through mud, clean off residue stuck to rotating driveshafts and tires. Excess mud stuck on tires and rotating driveshafts causes an imbalance that could damage drive components.

152

Driving

If the transmission, transfer case or front axle are submerged in water, their fluids should be checked and changed, if necessary. Water intrusion into the transmission may damage the transmission. If the front or rear axle is submerged in water, the axle lubricant should be replaced. Driving on hilly or sloping terrain When driving on a hill, avoid driving crosswise or turning on steep slopes. You could lose traction and slip sideways. Drive straight up, straight down or avoid the hill completely. Know the conditions on the other side of a hill before driving over the crest. When climbing a steep hill, start in a lower gear rather than downshifting to a lower gear from a higher gear once the ascent has started. This reduces strain on the engine and the possibility of stalling. When descending a steep hill, avoid sudden braking. Shift to a lower gear when added engine braking is desired. When speed control is on and you are driving uphill, your vehicle speed may drop considerably, especially if you are carrying a heavy load. If vehicle speed drops more than 16 km/h (10 mph), the speed control will cancel automatically. Resume speed with accelerator pedal. If speed control cancels after climbing the hill, reset speed by pressing and holding the SET ACCEL button (to resume speeds over 50 km/h [30 mph]). Automatic transmissions may shift frequently while driving up steep grades. Eliminate frequent shifting by shifting out of a lower gear. Driving on snow and ice A 4WD vehicle has advantages over 2WD vehicles in snow and ice but can skid like any other vehicle. Avoid sudden applications of power and quick changes of direction on snow and ice. Apply the accelerator slowly and steadily when starting from a full stop. If your vehicle is equipped with a Rear Anti-lock Brake System (RABS), you should be careful when braking. Front brake lock-up, on any surface, causes loss of steering control.

(Overdrive) into

153

Driving

If your vehicle is equipped with a Four Wheel Anti-lock Brake System (ABS), apply the brakes as you normally would. In order to allow the ABS to operate properly, keep steady pressure on the brake pedal. When driving on snow or ice with either braking system, allow more stopping distance and drive slower than usual. Consider using one of the lower gears.

VEHICLE LOADING Before loading a vehicle, familiarize yourself with the following terms: • Base Curb Weight: Weight of the vehicle including any standard equipment, fluids, lubricants, etc. It does not include occupants or aftermarket equipment. • Payload: Combined maximum allowable weight of cargo, occupants and optional equipment. The payload equals the gross vehicle weight rating minus base curb weight.

weight. The GVW is not a limit or a specification.

• GVW (Gross Vehicle Weight): Base curb weight plus payload • GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating): Maximum permissable total weight of the base vehicle, occupants, optional equipment and cargo. The GVWR is specific to each vehicle and is listed on the Safety Certification Label on the driver’s door pillar.

• GAWR (Gross Axle Weight Rating): Carrying capacity for each axle

system. The GAWR is specific to each vehicle and is listed on the Safety Certification Label on the driver’s door pillar. • GCW (Gross Combined Weight): The combined weight of the towing vehicle (including occupants and cargo) and the loaded trailer. • GCWR (Gross Combined Weight Rating): Maximum permissable combined weight of towing vehicle (including occupants and cargo) and the loaded trailer • Maximum Trailer Weight Rating: Maximum weight of a trailer the

vehicle is permitted to tow. The maximum trailer weight rating is determined by subtracting the vehicle curb weight for each engine/transmission combination, any required option weight for trailer towing and the weight of the driver from the GCWR for the towing vehicle.

154

Driving • Maximum Trailer Weight: Maximum weight of a trailer the loaded

vehicle (including occupants and cargo) is permitted to tow. It is determined by subtracting the weight of the loaded trailer towing vehicle from the GCWR for the towing vehicle.

• Trailer Weight Range: Specified weight range that the trailer must fall within that ranges from zero to the maximum trailer weight rating.

Remember to figure in the tongue load of your loaded trailer when figuring the total weight.

Do not exceed the GVWR or the GAWR specified on the certification label.

Do not use replacement tires with lower load carrying capacities than the originals because they may lower the vehicle’s GVWR and GAWR limitations. Replacement tires with a higher limit than the originals do not increase the GVWR and GAWR limitations. The Safety Certification Label, found on the driver’s door pillar, lists several important vehicle weight rating limitations. Before adding any additional equipment, refer to these limitations. If you are adding weight to the front of your vehicle, (potentially including weight added to the cab), the weight added should not exceed the front axle reserve capacity (FARC). Additional frontal weight may be added to the front axle reserve capacity provided you limit your payload in other ways (i.e. restrict the number of occupants or amount of cargo carried). Always ensure that the weight of occupants, cargo and equipment being carried is within the weight limitations that have been established for your vehicle including both gross vehicle weight and front and rear gross axle weight rating limits. Under no circumstance should these limitations be exceeded. Exceeding any vehicle weight rating limitation could result in serious damage to the vehicle and/or personal injury.

Special loading instructions for owners of pickup trucks and utility-type vehicles

For important information regarding safe operation of this type of vehicle, see the Preparing to drive your vehicle section

inthe Driving chapter of this owner guide.

155

Driving

Loaded vehicles, with a higher center of gravity, may handle differently than unloaded vehicles. Extra precautions, such as

slower speeds and increased stopping distance, should be taken when driving a heavily loaded vehicle.

Your vehicle has the capability to haul more cargo and people than most passenger cars. Depending upon the type and placement of the load, hauling cargo and people may raise the center of gravity of the vehicle.

Calculating the load your vehicle can carry/tow 1. Use the appropriate maximum gross combined weight rating (GCWR) chart to find the maximum GCWR for your type engine and rear axle ratio. 2. Weigh your vehicle as you customarily operate the vehicle without cargo. To obtain correct weights, try taking your vehicle to a shipping company or an inspection station for trucks. 3. Subtract your loaded vehicle weight from the maximum GCWR on the following charts. This is the maximum trailer weight your vehicle can tow and must fall below the maximum shown under maximum trailer weight on the chart.

DRIVING THROUGH WATER Do not drive quickly through standing water, especially if the depth is unknown. Traction or brake capability may be limited and if the ignition system gets wet, your engine may stall. Water may also enter your engine’s air intake and severely damage your engine. If driving through deep or standing water is unavoidable, proceed very slowly. Never drive through water that is higher than the bottom of the hubs (for trucks) or the bottom of the wheel rims (for cars). Once through the water, always try the brakes. Wet brakes do not stop the vehicle as effectively as dry brakes. Drying can be improved by moving your vehicle slowly while applying light pressure on the brake pedal. Driving through deep water where the transmission vent tube is submerged may allow water into the transmission and cause internal transmission damage.

156

Driving

TRAILER TOWING Your vehicle may tow a Conventional/Class IV trailer or fifth wheel trailer provided the maximum trailer weight is less than or equal to the maximum trailer weight listed for your engine and rear axle ratio on the following charts. 2nd unit bodies are not included in maximum trailer weight ratings. Weight of additional “body” must be subtracted from the maximum trailer weight.

Your vehicle’s load capacity is designated by weight, not by volume, so you cannot necessarily use all available space when loading a vehicle. Towing a trailer places an additional load on your vehicle’s engine, transmission, axle, brakes, tires and suspension. Inspect these components carefully prior to and after any towing operation.

Do not exceed the GVWR or the GAWR specified on the certification label.

Towing trailers beyond the maximum recommended gross trailer weight could result in engine damage, transmission/axle damage,

structural damage, loss of control, and personal injury.

F-250 w/manual transmission

Engine

Rear axle ratio 3.73
4.10
3.73
4.30

Maximum GCWR - kg (lbs.) 6 124 (13 500) 6 804 (15 000) 7 484 (16 500) 8 165 (18 000)

Maximum trailer weight - kg (lbs.)1
4 536 (10 000) 4 536 (10 000) 4 536 (10 000) 4 536 (10 000)

5.4L 5.4L 6.8L 6.8L 1Conventional/Class IV trailer hitch only. Fifth wheel trailer maximum weights can be calculated by subtracting GVW from GCWR.

157

Driving

F-250 w/automatic transmission

Engine

Rear axle

Maximum

GCWR - kg (lbs.)

Maximum trailer weight - kg (lbs.)1

ratio 3.73
4.10
3.73
4.30

ratio 3.73
4.10
3.73
4.10
4.30

ratio 3.73
4.10
3.73
4.30

5.4L 5.4L 6.8L 6.8L

4 536 (10 000) 4 536 (10 000) 4 536 (10 000) 4 536 (10 000) 1Conventional/Class IV trailer hitch only. Fifth wheel trailer maximum weights can be calculated by subtracting GVW from GCWR.

6 124 (13 500) 6 804 (15 000) 7 711 (17 000) 8 165 (18 000)

F-350 w/manual transmission

Engine

Rear axle

Maximum

GCWR - kg (lbs.)

Maximum trailer weight - kg (lbs.)1

5.4L 5.4L 6.8L 6.8L 6.8L

4 536 (10 000) 4 536 (10 000) 4 536 (10 000) 4 536 (10 000) 4 536 (10 000) 1Conventional/Class IV trailer hitch only. Fifth wheel trailer maximum weights can be calculated by subtracting GVW from GCWR.

6 124 (13 500) 6 804 (15 000) 7 484 (16 500) 8 392 (18 500) 9 072 (20 000)

F-350 w/automatic transmission

Engine

Rear axle

Maximum

GCWR - kg (lbs.)

Maximum trailer weight - kg (lbs.)1

5.4L 5.4L 6.8L 6.8L

4 536 (10 000) 4 536 (10 000) 4 536 (10 000) 4 536 (10 000) 1Conventional/Class IV trailer hitch only. Fifth wheel trailer maximum weights can be calculated by subtracting GVW from GCWR.

6 124 (13 500) 6 804 (15 000) 7 711 (17 000) 9 072 (20 000)

158

F-450 with manual transmission

Driving

Engine

Rear axle

Maximum

GCWR - kg (lbs.)

Maximum trailer weight - kg (lbs.)1

6.8L 6.8L

4 536 (10 000) 4 536 (10 000) 1Conventional/Class IV trailer hitch only. Fifth wheel trailer maximum weights can be calculated by subtracting GVW from GCWR.

9 979 (22 000) 9 979 (22 000)

ratio 4.88
5.38

F-450 w/automatic transmission

Engine

Rear axle

Maximum

GCWR - kg (lbs.)

Maximum trailer weight - kg (lbs.)1

6.8L 6.8L

4 536 (10 000) 4 536 (10 000) 1Conventional/Class IV trailer hitch only. Fifth wheel trailer maximum weights can be calculated by subtracting GVW from GCWR.

10 886 (24 000) 11 794 (26 000)

ratio 4.88
5.38

Engine

Rear axle

F-550
Maximum

ratio

GCWR - kg (lbs.)

Maximum trailer

weight - kg

(lbs.)1

4.88
5.38

6.8L 6.8L

10 886 (24 000) 11 794 (26 000)

4 536 (10 000) 4 536 (10 000) 1Conventional/Class IV trailer hitch only. Fifth wheel trailer maximum weights can be calculated by subtracting GVW from GCWR. Towing a Class IV trailer (extra heavy duty) 2 268–4 536 kg (5 001–10 000 lbs.) trailer weight requires a weight-distributing or fifth-wheel hitch. Trailers over 4 536 kg (10 000 lbs.) require a fifth-wheel hitch.

Preparing to tow Use the proper equipment for towing a trailer, and make sure it is properly attached to your vehicle. See your dealer or a reliable trailer dealer if you require assistance.

159

Driving

Hitches Do not use hitches that clamp onto the vehicle’s bumper or attach to the axle. You must distribute the load in your trailer so that 10%–15% of the total weight of the trailer is on the tongue.

Load equalizing hitch When hooking up a trailer using a load equalizing hitch, always use the following procedure: 1. Park the unloaded vehicle on a level surface. With the ignition on and all doors closed, allow the vehicle to stand for several minutes so that it can level. 2. Measure the height of a reference point on the front and rear bumpers