1998 Ford Escort Owners Manual

Driving

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HAZARD FLASHER Use only in an emergency to warn traffic of vehicle breakdown, approaching danger, etc. The hazard flashers can be operated when the ignition is off. • Slide the hazard flasher control to the right to activate the hazard flashers simultaneously. • Slide the control to the left to

turn the flashers off.

FUEL PUMP SHUT-OFF SWITCH If the engine cranks but does not start after a collision, the fuel pump shut-off switch may have been activated. The shut-off switch is a device intended to stop the electric fuel pump when your vehicle has been involved in a substantial jolt. 1. Turn the ignition switch to the OFF position. 2. Check the fuel system for leaks. 3. If no fuel leak is apparent, reset the fuel pump shut-off switch by pushing in the button on the switch. 4. Turn the ignition switch to the ON position. Pause for a few seconds and return the key to the OFF position. 5. Make a further check for leaks in the fuel system.

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Roadside emergencies

If your vehicle is a coupe, the fuel pump shut-off switch is located on the right side of the trunk behind the trunk liner.

If your vehicle is a sedan or wagon, the fuel pump shut-off switch is located in the driver’s foot well, behind the kick panel.

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15

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FUSES AND RELAYS

Fuses If electrical components in the vehicle are not working, a fuse may have blown. Blown fuses are identified by a broken wire within the fuse. Check the appropriate fuses before replacing any electrical components.

Always replace a fuse with one that has the specified

amperage rating. Using a fuse with a higher amperage rating can cause severe wire damage and could start a fire.

Standardfuseamperagerating andcolor

Fuse rating 5 amp 7.5 amp 10 amp 15 amp 20 amp 20 amp fuse link 25 amp 30 amp 30 amp fuse link 40 amp fuse link 50 amp fuse link 60 amp fuse link 80 amp fuse link 100 amp fuse link

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Color Tan Brown Red Light blue Yellow Light blue Natural Light green Pink Green Red Yellow Black Dark blue

Roadside emergencies

Coupe The fuses are coded as follows:

P. Window (C.B.)

HEATER

(DRL)

(DOOR LK)

STOP

HAZARD

HORN

TAIL

ROOM

(AIR COND)

(SUN ROOF)

ENGINE

METER

(ASC)

RADIO

WIPER

–

Fuse/Relay Location DRL HAZARD ROOM

Fuse Amp Rating 10A 15A 10A

ENGINE

RADIO

DOOR LOCK HORN AIR COND

15A

5A

30A 15A 15A

CIGAR

(FOG)

FUEL INJ

AIR BAG

(AUDIO)

–

Description

Daytime Running Lamps Hazard Flasher Engine Controls, RAP System, Radio, Shift Lock, Courtesy Lamps, Starting System, Warning Chime, Instrument Cluster Electronic Automatic Transaxle, Ignition System, Constant Control Relay Module (PCM Relay) Power Mirrors, Radio, RAP System Power Door Locks Horn, Shift Lock A/C-Heater, ABS

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Fuse/Relay Location METER

Fuse Amp Rating 10A

WIPER STOP

TAIL

SUN ROOF ASC P. WINDOW CIGAR AIR BAG FOG

AUDIO

FUEL INJ.

20A 20A

15A

15A 10A 30A CB 20A 10A 10A

15A

10A

BLOWER

30A CB

Sedan/Wagon The fuses are coded as follows:

Description

Backup Lamps, Engine Coolant Level Switch, Instrument Cluster, Rear Window Defrost, Shift Lock, Warning Chime, Turn Signal Switch Wiper/Washer, Blower Motor Relay Stop Lamps, Brake Pressure Switch Exterior Lamps, Instrument Illumination Power Moonroof Speed Control Power Windows Cigar Lighter Air Bags Fog Lamps, Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) Premium Sound Amplifier, CD Changer H02S, Evaporative Emission Purge Flow Sensor Blower Motor Relay

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Roadside emergencies

P. Window (C.B.)

HEATER

R. WIPER

(DOOR LK)

STOP

HAZARD

HORN

ROOM

(AIR COND)

TAIL

–

ENGINE

METER

(ASC)

MIRROR

WIPER

–

Fuse/Relay Location R.WIPER

HAZARD ROOM

ENGINE

MIRROR

DOOR LOCK HORN AIR COND

Fuse Amp Rating 10A

15A 10A

15A

5A

30A 15A 15A

CIGAR

(FOG)

FUEL INJ

AIR BAG

(AUDIO)

–

Description

Daytime Running Lamps, Liftgate Wiper/Washer Hazard Lamps Engine Controls, Remote Anti-Theft Pesonality (RAP) Module, Radio, Shift Lock, Courtesy Lamps, Starting System, Warning Chime Air Bag, Engine Controls, TR Sensor Power Mirrors, Radio, Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) Power Door Locks Horn A/C-Heater, ABS

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Fuse/Relay Location METER

Fuse Amp Rating 10A

WIPER STOP TAIL

ASC CIGAR AIR BAG

FOG

AUDIO FUEL INJECTOR P. WINDOW BLOWER

20A 15A 15A

10A 20A 10A

10A

15A 10A

30A CB 30A CB

Coupe The high-current fuses are coded as follows.

Description

Backup Lamps, Engine Controls, Instrument Cluster, Rear Window Defrost, Shift Lock, Warning Chime, Turn Signal Switch Wiper/Washer, Blower Relay Stop Lamps Exterior Lamps, Instrument Illumination Speed Control Cigar Lighter Joint Connector, Air Bag Diagnostic Monitor Fog Lamps, Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) Radio H02S, Evaporative Emission Purge Flow Sensor Power Windows A/C-Heater

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HEADLAMP

RELAY

OBD-II 10A

FUEL PUMP 20A

HEAD LH 10A

HEAD RH 10A

USE THE DESIGNATED FUSES ONLY

Fuse Amp Rating

Description

Fuse/Fuse Link Cartridge Location FUEL INJ.

DEFOG MAIN BTN

ABS COOLING FAN

OBD-II

30A*

30A* 100A* 40A*

60A* 40A*

10A*

FUEL PUMP

20A**

HEAD RH HEAD LH * Fuse Link Cartridge **Fuse

10A** 10A**

Air Bags, Constant Control Relay Module (PCM Relay), Generator Rear Window Defrost Overall Circuit Protection Hazard, Stop, Door Lock, Tail, Room and Horn Fuses of the I/P Fuse Panel ABS Main Relay Constant Control Relay Module (Cooling Fan) Data Link Connector (DLC), Instrument Cluster Constant Control Relay Module (Fuel Pump) Headlamps Headlamps

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Roadside emergencies

Sedan/Wagon The high-current fuses are coded as follows.

HEADLAMP

RELAY

OBD-II 10A

FUEL PUMP 30A

HEAD LH 10A

HEAD RH 10A

USE THE DESIGNATED FUSES ONLY

Fuse/Fuse Link Cartridge Location FUEL INJ.

DEFOG

Fuse Amp Rating

Description

30A*

30A*

Air Bags, Engine Controls, Generator Rear Window Defrost

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Roadside emergencies

Fuse Amp Rating

Description

Fuse/Fuse Link Cartridge Location MAIN

BTN ABS COOLING FAN OBD-II

100A*

40A* 60A* 40A* 10A**

FUEL PUMP HEAD RH HEAD LH * Fuse Link Cartridge ** Fuse

30A** 10A** 10A**

Relays Relays are located in the power distribution box and should be replaced by qualified technicians.

CHANGING THE TIRES If you get a flat tire while driving, do not apply the brake heavily. Instead, gradually decrease your speed. Hold the steering wheel firmly and slowly move to a safe place on the side of the road.

Charging System, BTN, Cooling Fan, Fuel Pump, OBD-II, ABS Fuses, Ignition Switch, Headlamps Hazard ABS Main Relay Constant Control Relay Module Data Link Connector (DLC), Instrument Cluster Engine Controls Headlamps Headlamps

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Temporary spare tire information The temporary spare tire for your vehicle is labeled as such. It is smaller than a regular tire and is designed for emergency use only.

If you use the temporary spare tire continuously or do not follow these precautions, the tire could fail, causing you to lose control of the vehicle, possibly injuring yourself or others.

When driving with the temporary spare tire do not: • exceed 80 km/h (50 mph) under • load the vehicle beyond

any circumstances

maximum vehicle load rating listed on the Safety Compliance Label

• tow a trailer • use tire chains • drive through an automatic car wash, because of the vehicle’s reduced ground clearance • try to repair the temporary

spare tire or remove it from its wheel

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• use the wheel for any other type

of vehicle

Tire change procedure 1. Park on a level surface, activate hazard flashers and set the parking brake.

When one of the front wheels is off the ground,

the transaxle alone will not prevent the vehicle from moving or slipping off the jack, even if the vehicle is in P (Park) (automatic transaxle) or R (Reverse) (manual transaxle).

To prevent the vehicle from moving when you

change a tire, be sure the parking brake is set, then block (in both directions) the wheel that is diagonally opposite (other side and end of the vehicle) to the tire being changed.

If the vehicle slips off the jack, you or someone else

could be seriously injured.

2. Place gearshift lever in P (Park) (automatic transaxle) or R (Reverse) (manual transaxle) and

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Roadside emergencies

block the diagonally opposite wheel. • Automatic

• Manual

3. Remove the jack, jack handle and spare tire.

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4. Loosen each wheel lug nut one-half turn counterclockwise but do not remove them until the wheel is raised off the ground.

5. Put the jack in the jack notch next to the door of the tire you are changing. Turn the handle clockwise until the wheel is completely off the ground.

6. Remove the lug nuts with the lug wrench. 7. Replace the flat tire with the spare tire, making sure the valve stem is facing outward. Reinstall the lug nuts until the wheel is snug against the hub. Do not fully tighten the lug nuts until the wheel has been lowered. 8. Lower the wheel by turning the jack handle counterclockwise.

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9. Remove the jack and fully tighten the lug nuts in the order shown. 10. Put flat tire, jack and lug wrench away. Make sure the jack is fastened so it does not rattle when you drive. Unblock the wheels.

JUMP STARTING YOUR VEHICLE

The gases around the battery can explode if

exposed to flames, sparks, or lit cigarettes. An explosion could result in injury or vehicle damage.

Do not push start your vehicle. You could damage

the catalytic converter.

Batteries contain sulfuric acid which burns skin,

eyes, and clothing.

Preparing your vehicle Also see the label on the battery. 1. Use only a 12–volt supply to start your vehicle. If you connect your battery to a 24–volt power supply you can damage your starter, ignition system and other electrical components.

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2. Do not disconnect the battery of the disabled vehicle as this could damage the vehicle’s electrical system. 3. Park the booster vehicle close to the hood of the disabled vehicle making sure they do not touch. Set the parking brake on both vehicles and stay clear of the engine cooling fan and other moving parts. 4. Check all battery terminals and remove any excessive corrosion before you attach the battery cables. 5. Turn the heater fan on in both vehicles to protect any electrical surges. Turn all other accessories off.

Connecting the jumper cables 1. Position the vehicles so that they do not touch one another. 2. Switch off the engine. Switch off any unnecessary electrical equipment. 3. Connect the positive (+) terminal of the discharged battery (1) to the positive (+) terminal of the booster battery (2). 4. Connect one end of the second lead to the negative (-) terminal of the booster battery (3) and the other end to a metal part of the engine to be started (4), not to the negative (-) terminal of the discharged battery.

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–

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Roadside emergencies

5. Make sure that the jump leads are clear of moving parts of the engine.

Do not connect the end of the second cable to the

negative (-) terminal of the battery to be jumped. A spark may cause an explosion of the gases that surround the battery.

Jump starting 1. Start the booster vehicle and run the engine at moderately increased speed. 2. Start the engine of the vehicle with the discharged battery. 3. Once the engine has been started, run both vehicles for a further three minutes before disconnecting the leads.

Removing the jumper cables 1. Remove the jumper cables in reverse order. Take the cable off the metallic surface (1) first, followed by the cable on the negative (-) booster battery terminal (2). 2. Remove the cable from the positive (+) terminal of the booster battery (3) and then the discharged battery (4). 3. After the disabled vehicle has been started, allow it to idle for a while so the engine can “relearn” its idle conditions.

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–

–

WRECKER TOWING

Roadside emergencies

If you need to have your vehicle towed, contact a professional towing service or, if you are a member, your roadside assistance center. It is recommended that your vehicle be towed with a wheel lift or flatbed equipment. When calling for a tow truck, tell the operator what kind of vehicle you have. A towing manual is available from Ford Motor Company for all authorized tow truck operators. Have your tow truck driver refer to this manual for proper hook-up and towing procedures for your vehicle.

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Roadside emergencies

TOWING BEHIND ANOTHER VEHICLE Do not tow your vehicle behind another vehicle, such as an RV, unless front wheel dollies are used. Your vehicle cannot be flat towed with all wheels on the ground.

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SERVICE RECOMMENDATIONS To help you service your vehicle: • We highlight do-it-yourself items in the engine compartment for easy location. • We provide a “Service Guide” which makes tracking routine service easy.

If your vehicle requires professional service, your dealership can provide necessary parts and service. Check your “Warranty Guide” to find out which parts and services are covered. Use only recommended fuels, lubricants, fluids and service parts conforming to specifications. Motorcraft parts are designed and built to provide the best performance in your vehicle.

PRECAUTIONS WHEN SERVICING YOUR VEHICLE Be especially careful when inspecting or servicing your vehicle. • Do not work on a hot engine.

The cooling fan is automatic and may come

on at any time. Always disconnect the negative terminal of the battery before working near the fan. • When the engine is running, avoid wearing loose clothing, jewelry or long hair that could get caught up in moving parts.

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Maintenance and care • Do not work on a vehicle with the engine running in an enclosed space, unless you are sure you have enough ventilation.

• Keep all lit cigarettes, open flames and other lit material away from the battery and all fuel related parts.

If you disconnect the battery, the engine must “relearn” its idle conditions before your vehicle will drive properly, as explained in the Battery section in this chapter.

Working with the engine off • Automatic transaxle: 1. Set the parking brake and

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Maintenance and care

ensure the gearshift is securely latched in P (Park).

2. Turn off the engine and remove the key. 3. Block the wheels to prevent the vehicle from moving unexpectedly. • Manual transaxle: 1. Set the parking brake,

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Maintenance and care

depress the clutch and place the gearshift in 1 (First).

2. Turn off the engine and remove the key. 3. Block the wheels to prevent the vehicle from moving unexpectedly.

Working with the engine on • Automatic transaxle: 1. Set the parking brake and

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Maintenance and care

ensure the gearshift is securely latched in P (Park).

2. Block the wheels to prevent the vehicle from moving unexpectedly.

Do not start your engine with the air cleaner

removed and do not remove it while the engine is running. • Manual transaxle: 1. Set the parking brake,

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Maintenance and care

depress the clutch and place the gearshift in N (Neutral). 2. Block the wheels to prevent the vehicle from moving unexpectedly.

Do not start your engine with the air cleaner

removed and do not remove it while the engine is running.

OPENING THE HOOD 1. Inside the vehicle, pull the hood release handle located under the bottom left corner of the instrument panel.

2. Go to the front of the vehicle and release the auxiliary latch that is located under the front center of the hood.

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3. Lift the hood and secure it with the prop rod.

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IDENTIFYING COMPONENTS IN THE ENGINE COMPARTMENT

2.0L SOHC engine

1. Engine oil dipstick 2. Brake fluid reservoir 3. Transmission fluid dipstick (automatic transaxle only) 4. Battery 5. Air filter assembly 6. Engine oil fill cap 7. Power steering fluid reservoir 8. Engine coolant reservoir 9. Windshield washer fluid reservoir

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Maintenance and care

2.0L DOHC Zetec engine

1. Transmission fluid dipstick (automatic transaxle only) 2. Battery 3. Air filter assembly 4. Engine oil fill cap 5. Engine oil dipstick 6. Power steering fluid reservoir 7. Engine coolant reservoir 8. Windshield washer fluid reservoir 9. Brake fluid reservoir

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Maintenance and care

ENGINE OIL

Checking the engine oil Check the engine oil each time you fuel your vehicle. 1. Make sure the vehicle is on level ground. 2. Turn the engine off and wait a few minutes for the oil to drain into the oil pan. 3. Set the parking brake and ensure the gearshift is securely latched in P (automatic transaxle) or 1st (manual transaxle). 4. Open the hood. Protect yourself from engine heat. 5. Locate and carefully remove the engine oil indicator (dipstick). • 2.0L SOHC engine

ADD

FULL

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• 2.0L DOHC Zetec engine

Maintenance and care

ADD

FULL

6. Wipe the indicator clean. Insert the indicator fully, then remove it again. • If the oil level is between the ADD and FULL marks, the oil level is acceptable. DO NOT ADD OIL.

• If the oil level is below the ADD mark, add enough oil to raise the level within the ADD-FULL range.

• Oil levels above the F in FULL may cause engine damage. Some oil must be removed from the engine by a service technician.

7. Put the indicator back in and ensure it is fully seated.

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Maintenance and care

Adding engine oil 1. Check the engine oil. For instructions, refer to Checking the engine oil in this chapter. 2. If the fluid level is not within the normal range, add only certified engine oil of the preferred viscosity. Add engine oil through the oil filler cap. Remove the filler cap and use a funnel to pour oil in the opening. 3. Recheck the oil level. Make sure the oil level is not above the F in FULL mark on the dipstick.

Engine oil recommendations Look for this certification mark.

Ford oil specification is WSS-M2C153-G. Use SAE 5W-30 motor oil certified for gasoline engines by the American Petroleum Institute. Do not use supplemental engine oil additives, oil treatments or engine treatments. They are unnecessary and could, under certain conditions, lead to engine damage which is not covered by your warranty.

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Changing the engine oil and filter Change your engine oil and filter according to the following mileage and time requirements, whichever occurs first: • Normal Schedule – 8,000 km (5,000 miles) or six months. • Severe Duty Schedule -

5,000 km (3,000 miles) or three months. Severe duty operation would include extensive idling, trailer towing, driving in severe dust and police, taxi or delivery service.

Ford production and aftermarket (Motorcraft) oil filters are designed for added engine protection and long life. If a replacement oil filter is used that does not meet Ford material and design specifications, startup engine noises or knock may be experienced. It is recommended you use the appropriate Motorcraft oil filter (or another brand meeting Ford specifications) for your engine application.

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Maintenance and care

BRAKE FLUID

Checking and adding brake fluid Brake fluid should be checked and refilled as needed at least once each year: • Clean the reservoir cap before removal to prevent dirt or water from entering the reservoir.

• Visually inspect the fluid level. • If necessary, add brake fluid

until the level reaches MAX. Do not fill above this line.

• Use only a DOT 3 brake fluid

certified to meet Ford specifications. Refer to Lubricant specifications in the Capacities and specifications chapter.

Brake fluid is toxic.

If you use a brake fluid that is not DOT 3, you will cause permanent damage to your brakes.

Do not let the reservoir for the master cylinder run dry. This may cause the brakes to fail.

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MAX MIN

Maintenance and care

CLUTCH FLUID (IF EQUIPPED) The clutch master cylinder and brake master cylinder are part of the same system; both are refillable through the brake master cylinder with brake fluid. During normal operation, the fluid level in the brake fluid reservoir will rise slowly. For more information on brake fluid maintenance, refer to Brake fluid in this chapter.

WINDSHIELD WASHER FLUID

Checking and adding washer fluid Check the washer fluid whenever you stop for fuel. The reservoir is highlighted with a If the level is low, add enough fluid to fill the reservoir. In very cold weather, do not fill the reservoir all the way.

symbol.

Do not put engine coolant in the container for the

windshield washer fluid.

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Maintenance and care

ENGINE COOLANT • Coupe

• Sedan/Wagon

Check the level of the coolant in the reservoir at least once a month. Be sure to read and understand Precautions when servicing your vehicle in this chapter. If the engine coolant has not been checked for a long period of time, the engine coolant reservoir may eventually empty. If this occurs, add engine coolant to the coolant reservoir. For more information on engine coolant maintenance, refer

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to Adding engine coolant in this chapter. Automotive fluids are not interchangeable; do not use engine coolant, antifreeze or windshield washer fluid outside of its specified function and vehicle location.

Adding engine coolant

Do not put engine coolant in the container for the

windshield washer fluid.

If sprayed on the windshield, engine coolant could make it difficult to see through the windshield. When the engine is cool, add a 50/50 mixture of engine coolant and water to the engine coolant recovery reservoir-DO NOT ADD DIRECTLY TO THE RADIATOR. Add straight water only in an emergency, but you should replace it with a 50/50 mixture of coolant and distilled water as soon as possible. Check the coolant level in the coolant recovery reservoir the next few times you drive the vehicle. If necessary, add enough of a 50/50
mixture of coolant and water to bring the liquid level to the fill line on the reservoir.

Never remove the coolant recovery cap while the

engine is running or hot.

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Maintenance and care

If you must remove the coolant recovery cap, follow these steps to avoid personal injury: 1. Before you remove the cap, turn the engine off and let it cool. 2. When the engine is cool, wrap a thick cloth around the cap. Slowly turn cap counterclockwise to the first stop. 3. Step back while the pressure releases. 4. When you are sure that all the pressure has been released, use the cloth to press the cap down, turn it counterclockwise and remove it. Use Ford Premium Cooling System Fluid E2FZ-19549–AA (in Canada, Motorcraft CXC-8–B) or an equivalent premium engine coolant that meets Ford specification ESE-M97B44–A. Ford Premium Engine Coolant is an optimized formula that will protect all metals and rubber elastomers used in Ford cooling systems for four years or 80,000 km (50,000 miles). Do not use alcohol or methanol antifreeze or any engine coolants mixed with alcohol or methanol antifreeze. Do not use supplemental coolant additives in your vehicle. These additives may harm your engine cooling system. The use of an improper coolant may void your warranty of your vehicle’s engine cooling system.

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Recycled engine coolant Ford Motor Company recommends that Ford and Lincoln-Mercury dealers use recycled engine coolant produced by Ford-approved processes. Not all coolant recycling processes produce coolant which meets Ford specification ESE-M97B44–A, and use of such coolant may harm engine and cooling system components.

Always dispose of used

automotive fluids in a responsible manner. Follow your community’s regulations and standards for recycling and disposing of automotive fluids.

Coolant refill capacity To find out how much fluid your vehicle’s cooling system can hold, refer to Refill capacities in the Capacities and specifications chapter. Have your dealer check the engine cooling system for leaks if you have to add more than a liter (quart) of engine coolant per month.

Severe winter climate If you drive in extremely cold climates (less than –36°C [–34°F]), it may be necessary to increase the coolant concentration above 50%. Refer to the chart on the coolant container to ensure the coolant concentration in your vehicle is

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Maintenance and care

such that the coolant will not freeze at the temperature level in which you drive during winter months. Never increase the engine coolant concentration above 60%. Leave a 50/50 mixture of engine coolant and water in your vehicle year-round in non-extreme climates.

CHECKING AND ADDING POWER STEERING FLUID Check the power steering fluid at least twice a year. If adding fluid is necessary, use only MERCONt ATF power steering fluid. • Coupe

• Sedan/Wagon

1. Start the engine and let it run until it reaches normal operating temperature (the engine coolant temperature gauge will be near the

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center of the NORMAL band). 2. While the engine idles, turn the steering wheel left and right several times. 3. Turn the engine off. 4. Check the fluid level in the reservoir. It should be between the MIN and MAX lines. Do not add fluid if the level is in this range. 5. If the fluid is low, add fluid in small amounts, continuously checking the level until it reaches the range between the MIN and MAX lines. Be sure to put the cap back on the reservoir.

TRANSMISSION FLUID

Checking and adding automatic transmission fluid Follow the scheduled service intervals outlined in the “Service Guide.” Before adding any fluid, make sure the correct type is used. The type of fluid used is normally indicated on the dipstick and/or dipstick handle and also in the Lubricant specifications section in the Capacities and specifications chapter. Do not drive the vehicle if the fluid level is below the hole at the bottom of the dipstick and outside temperatures are above 10°C (50°F). Your transaxle does not use up fluid. However, it is recommended that you check the transmission

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Maintenance and care

fluid at least twice a year. The fluid level should be checked if the transmission is not working properly, i.e., if the transaxle slips or shifts slowly or if you notice some sign of fluid leakage. Transmission fluid should be checked at normal operating temperatures 66°C-77°C (150°F-170°F) on a level surface. The normal operating temperature can be reached after approximately 32 km (20 miles) of driving. If your vehicle has been operated for an extended period at high speeds, in city traffic during hot weather or pulling a trailer, the vehicle should be turned off for about 30 minutes to allow the fluid to cool before checking. 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and engage the parking brake. 2. With the parking brake engaged and your foot on the brake pedal, start the engine and move the gearshift lever through all of the gear ranges. Allow sufficient time for each gear to engage. 3. Latch the gearshift lever in P (Park) and leave the engine running. 4. Remove the dipstick, wiping it clean with a clean, dry lint free rag. 5. Install the dipstick making sure it is fully seated in the filler tube.

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20 C

65 C

6. Remove the dipstick and inspect the fluid level. The fluid level should be between the notches on the dipstick. 7. If necessary, add fluid in .25L (1/2 pint) increments through the filler tube until the level is correct. 8. If an overfill occurs, excess fluid should be removed by a qualified technician.

Checking and adding manual transmission fluid The lubricant level and quality should not deteriorate under normal conditions. However, you should have the fluid checked occasionally. If lubricant is required, refer to Lubricant specifications in this section.

BATTERY Your vehicle may be equipped with a Motorcraft maintenance-free battery. If the original equipment battery needs replacing, it may be replaced with a low-maintenance battery. The low-maintenance battery normally does not require additional water during its life of service. However, for severe usage or in high temperature climates, check your battery electrolyte level, at least every 24 months or 40,000 km (24,000 miles). Keep the electrolyte in each cell up to the “level” indicator. Do not overfill the battery cells. If the electrolyte level in the battery is low, you can add plain

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Maintenance and care

tap water to the battery, as long as you do not use hard water (water with a high alkali content). If possible, however, try to only fill the battery cells with distilled water. If the battery needs water often, have the charging system checked. For longer, trouble-free operation, keep the top of the battery clean and dry. Also, make certain the battery cables are always tightly fastened to the battery terminals. If you see any corrosion on the battery or terminals, remove the cables from the terminal(s) and clean with a wire brush. You can neutralize the acid with a solution of baking soda and water. Reinstall the cables when you are done cleaning them, and apply a small quantity of grease to the top of each battery terminal to help prevent corrosion. If your battery has a cover/shield, make sure it is reinstalled after the battery is replaced. Because your vehicle’s engine is electronically controlled by a computer, some control conditions are maintained by power from the battery. When the battery is disconnected or a new battery is installed, the engine must relearn its idle conditions before your vehicle will drive properly. To begin this process: 1. Put the gearshift in P (Park) (automatic transaxles) or the

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neutral position (manual transaxles), turn off all accessories and start the vehicle. 2. Let the engine idle for at least one minute. 3. The relearning process will automatically complete as you drive the vehicle. • If you do not allow the engine to relearn its idle, the idle quality of your vehicle may be adversely affected until the idle is eventually relearned. • If the battery has been

disconnected or a new battery has been installed, the clock and the preset radio stations must be reset once the battery is reconnected. • Always dispose of automotive

batteries in a responsible manner. Follow your communities standards for disposal. Call your local recycling center to find out more about recycling automotive batteries.

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AIR FILTER To replace your air filter, release the clamp locking clip on the front portion of the air filter housing, then swing the left side open and remove the air filter. When installing the air filter, ensure the nubs on the air filter and the air filter housing are aligned. Swing the left side of the air filter housing closed and secure the clamp.

WINDSHIELD WIPER BLADES Check the wiper blades at least twice a year or when they seem less effective. Substances such as tree sap and some hot wax treatments used by commercial car washes reduce the effectiveness of wiper blades.

Checking the wiper blades If the wiper blades do not wipe properly, clean both the windshield and wiper blades using undiluted windshield wiper solution or a mild detergent. Rinse thoroughly with clean water. To avoid damaging the blades, do not use fuel, kerosene, paint thinner or other solvents.

Changing the wiper blades When replacing wiper blade assemblies, always use a Motorcraft part or equivalent. To

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make replacing the wipers easy, turn the ignition to ACC, then turn the wipers on. When the wipers reach the vertical position, turn the ignition to LOCK. To replace the wiper blades: 1. Pull the wiper arm away from the windshield and lock into the service position. 2. Turn the blade at an angle from the wiper arm. Push the lock pin with a screwdriver to release the blade and pull the wiper blade down toward the windshield to remove it from the arm. 3. Attach the new wiper to the wiper arm and press it into place until a click is heard.

INFORMATION ABOUT TIRE QUALITY GRADES New vehicles are fitted with tires that have their Tire Quality Grade (described below) molded into the tire’s sidewall. These Tire Quality Grades are determined by standards that the United States Department of Transportation has set. Tire Quality Grades apply to new pneumatic tires for use on passenger cars. They do not apply to deep tread, winter-type snow tires, space-saver or temporary use spare tires, tires with nominal rim diameters of 10 to 12 inches or limited production tires as defined

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in Title 49 Code of Federal Regulations Part 575.104(c)(2). U.S. Department of Transportation-Tire quality grades: The U.S. Department of Transportation requires Ford to give you the following information about tire grades exactly as the government has written it.

Treadwear The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a specified government test course. For example, a tire grade 150
would wear one and one-half (1 1/2) times as well on the government course as a tire grade 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual conditions of their use, however, and may depart significantly from the norm due to variations in driving habits, service practices, and differences in road characteristics and climate.

Traction A B C The traction grades, from highest to lowest are A, B, and C, and they represent the tire’s ability to stop on wet pavement as measured under test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor traction performance.

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The traction grade assigned to this tire is

based on braking (straight ahead) traction tests and does not include cornering (turning) traction.

Temperature A B C The temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing the tire’s resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a specified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and excessive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure. The grade C corresponds to a level of performance which all passenger car tires must meet under the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 109. Grades B and A represent higher levels of performance on the laboratory test wheel than the minimum required by law.

The temperature grade for this tire is established for a

tire that is properly inflated and not overloaded. Excessive speed, underinflation, or excessive loading, either separately or in combination, can cause heat buildup and possible tire failure.

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SERVICING YOUR TIRES

gauge.

Checking the tire pressure • Use an accurate tire pressure • Check the tire pressure when tires are cold, after the vehicle has been parked for at least one hour or has been driven less than 5 km (3 miles). • Adjust tire pressure to

recommended specifications found on the Safety Compliance Certification Label.

Improperly inflated tires can affect vehicle handling

and can fail suddenly, possibly resulting in loss of vehicle control.

Tire rotation Because your vehicle’s tires perform different jobs, they often wear differently. To make sure your tires wear evenly and last longer, rotate them as indicated in the “Service Guide.” If you notice that the tires wear unevenly, have them checked.

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• Four tire rotation

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Replacing the tires Replace the tires when the wear band is visible through the tire treads.

Failure to follow these precautions may adversely affect the handling of the vehicle and make it easier to lose control and roll over.

Tires that are larger or smaller than your vehicle’s original tires may also affect the accuracy of your speedometer.

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SNOW TIRES AND CHAINS

Snow tires must be the same size and grade as the tires you currently have on your vehicle.

The tires on your vehicle have all weather treads to provide traction in rain and snow. However, in some climates, you may need to use snow tires and chains. If you need to use snow tires and chains, you must install steel wheels of the same size and specifications as those originally installed. Follow these guidelines when using snow tires and chains: • Use only SAE Class S chains. • Install chains securely, verifying that the chains do not touch any wiring, brake lines or fuel lines. • Drive cautiously. If you hear the chains rub or bang against your vehicle, stop and re-tighten the chains. If this does not work, remove the chains to prevent damage to your vehicle. • If possible, avoid fully loading • Do not use tire chains on

your vehicle.

aluminum wheels. Chains may chip the wheels.

• Do not use tire chains with 38 cm (15 inch) wheel/tire options. Using chains on this size tire may cause damage to steering, suspension and/or body components.

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• Remove the tire chains when they are no longer needed. Do not use tire chains on dry roads. • The suspension insulation and bumpers will help prevent vehicle damage. Do not remove these components from your vehicle when using snow tires and chains.

WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT AUTOMOTIVE FUELS

Important safety precautions

Do not overfill the fuel tank. The pressure in an

overfilled tank may cause leakage and lead to fuel spray and fire.

If you do not use the proper fuel cap, the

pressure in the fuel tank can damage the fuel system or cause it to work improperly in a collision.

The fuel system may be under pressure. If the fuel

cap is venting vapor or if you hear a hissing sound, wait until it stops before completely removing the cap.

Automotive fuels can cause serious injury or

death if misused or mishandled.

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Observe the following guidelines when handling automotive fuel: • Extinguish all smoking materials

and any open flames before fueling your vehicle. • Always turn off the vehicle • Automotive fuels can be harmful

before fueling.

or fatal if swallowed. If fuel is swallowed, call a physician immediately, even if no symptoms are immediately apparent. The toxic effects of fuel may not be visible for hours. • Fuels can also be harmful if absorbed through the skin. If fuel is splashed on the skin, promptly remove contaminated clothing and wash skin thoroughly with soap and water.

• If fuel is splashed in the eyes, remove contact lenses, flush with water for 15 minutes and seek medical attention. • Be particularly careful if you are

taking “Antabuse” or other forms of disulfiram for the treatment of alcoholism. Breathing gasoline vapors or skin contact could cause an adverse reaction. Consult a physician immediately.

Choosing the right fuel Use only UNLEADED FUEL. The use of leaded fuel is prohibited by law and could damage your vehicle.

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Your vehicle was not designed to use fuel or fuel additives with metallic compounds, including manganese-based compounds containing MMT. Vehicles certified to California emission standards (indicated on the underhood Vehicle Emissions Control Information label) are designed to operate on California reformulated gasolines. If California reformulated gasoline is not available when you refuel, your vehicle can be operated on non-California fuels. However, even though your engine will perform adequately on other gasolines, the performance of the emission control devices and systems may be adversely affected. Repair of damage caused by using a fuel that your vehicle was not designed for may not be covered by your warranty.

Octane recommendations Your vehicle is designed to use regular unleaded with an (R+M)/2
octane rating of 87. We do not recommend gasolines labeled as “regular” in high altitude areas that are sold with octane ratings of 86
or even less. Do not be concerned if your vehicle sometimes knocks lightly. However, if it knocks heavily under most driving conditions on fuel with the recommended octane, see your dealer or a qualified service

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technician to prevent any engine damage.

Fuel quality If you are experiencing starting, rough idle or hesitation problems try a different brand of fuel. If the condition persists, see your dealer or a qualified service technician. The American Automobile Manufacturers Association (AAMA) issued a gasoline specification to provide information on high quality fuels that optimize the performance of your vehicle. We recommend the use of gasolines that meet the AAMA specification if they are available. It should not be necessary to add any aftermarket products to your fuel tank if you continue to use a high-quality fuel.

Cleaner air Ford approves the use of gasolines to improve air quality, including reformulated gasolines that contain oxygenates up to 10% ethanol or 15% MTBE. Do not use gasolines containing methanol, which can damage critical fuel system components. Damage resulting from the use of methanol may not be covered by your warranty.

Running out of fuel Avoid running out fuel because this situation may have an adverse

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affect on modern powertrain components. You may need to crank the engine several times before the system starts to pump fuel from the tank to the engine. If you run out of fuel, your Service Engine Soon light may come on. For more information on the Service Engine Soon light, refer to the Instrumentation chapter.

Calculating fuel economy To accurately calculate your vehicle’s fuel economy: 1. Fill the tank completely and record the initial odometer reading. 2. Each time you fill the tank, record the amount of fuel added (in liters or gallons). 3. After at least three to five fuel tank fill-ups, fill the fuel tank and record the current mileage reading. 4. Use one of the following equations to calculate fuel economy. Liters used x 100 4 Total kilometers traveled Total miles traveled 4 Total gallons used Keep a record for at least one month. This will provide an accurate estimate of the vehicle’s fuel economy.