2012 Toyota Tacoma Owners Manual

541

5-2. Steps to take in an emergency If the vehicle becomes stuck

Carry out the following procedures if the tires spin or the vehicle becomes stuck in mud, dirt, or snow.

Stop the engine. Set the parking brake and put the shift lever in P (vehicles with an automatic transmission) or N (vehicles with a manual transmission). Remove the mud, snow, or sand from around the stuck tire. Place wood, stones or some other material to help provide traction under the tires. Restart the engine. Turn off the VSC. (→P. 202, 203) Shift the shift lever to D or R (automatic transmission) or 1
or R (manual transmission) and carefully apply the acceler- ator to free the vehicle.

CAUTION

■When attempting to free a stuck vehicle

If you choose to rock the vehicle back and forth to free it, make sure the sur- rounding area is clear, to avoid striking other vehicles, objects or persons. The vehicle may also lunge forward or lunge back suddenly as it becomes free. Use extreme caution.

■When shifting the shift lever

Vehicles with an automatic transmission: Be careful not to shift the shift lever with the accelerator pedal depressed. This may lead to unexpected rapid acceleration of the vehicle that may cause an accident and result in death or serious injury.

542

5-2. Steps to take in an emergency

NOTICE

■To avoid damaging the transmission and other components

●Avoid spinning the wheels and do not rev the engine. ●If the vehicle remains stuck after trying these procedures, the vehicle may

require towing to be freed.

543

5-2. Steps to take in an emergency If your vehicle has to be stopped in an emergency

Only in an emergency, such as if it becomes impossible to stop the vehicle in the normal way, stop the vehicle using the following pro- cedure:

Steadily step on the brake pedal with both feet and firmly depress it. Do not pump the brake pedal repeatedly as this will increase the effort required to slow the vehicle. Shift the shift lever to N.

If the shift lever is shifted to N

After slowing down, stop the vehicle in a safe place by the road. Stop the engine.

If the shift lever cannot be shifted to N

Keep depressing the brake pedal with both feet to reduce vehicle speed as much as possible.

Stop the engine by turning the engine switch the ACC position.

to

Stop the vehicle in a safe place by the road.

544

5-2. Steps to take in an emergency

CAUTION

■If the engine has to be turned off while driving

●Power assist for the brakes and steering wheel will be lost, making the brake pedal harder to depress and the steering wheel heavier to turn. Decelerate as much as possible before turning off the engine.

●Never attempt to remove the key, as doing so will lock the steering wheel.

545

5-2. Steps to take in an emergency

546

6-1. Specifications Maintenance data (fuel, oil level, etc.)

Dimensions

2WD models except PreRunner

Cab type

Regular Cab

Access Cab

Except X-Runner

X-Runner

Double Cab

Overall length

190.4 in. (4835 mm)

208.1 in. (5285 mm)

Overall width

72.2 in. (1835 mm)

Overall height*

Wheelbase

65.8 in. (1670 mm) 109.6 in. (2785 mm)

66.1 in. (1680 mm)

Front tread

61.0 in. (1550 mm)

Rear tread

61.0 in. (1550 mm)

*: Unladen vehicle

74.0 in. (1880 mm) 65.6 in. (1665 mm)

74.6 in. (1895 mm) 66.1 in. (1680 mm)

127.4 in. (3235 mm)

62.2 in. (1580 mm) 62.2 in. (1580 mm)

61.0 in. (1550 mm) 61.0 in. (1550 mm)

4WD models and PreRunner (except Regular Cab models)

Cab type

Regular Cab

Access Cab

190.4 in. (4835 mm)

208.1 in. (5285 mm)

74.6 in. (1895 mm)

69.9 in. (1775 mm) 109.6 in. (2785 mm)

70.3 in. (1785 mm) 127.4 in. (3235 mm)

63.0 in. (1600 mm) 63.4 in. (1610 mm)

Overall length Overall width Overall height* Wheelbase Front tread Rear tread *: Unladen vehicle

548

6-1. Specifications

Cab type

Overall length Overall width Overall height* Wheelbase Front tread Rear tread *: Unladen vehicle

Double Cab

With short deck

With long deck

208.1 in. (5285 mm)

221.3 in. (5620 mm)

74.6 in. (1895 mm) 70.1 in. (1780 mm)

127.4 in. (3235 mm)

140.6 in. (3570 mm)

63.0 in. (1600 mm) 63.4 in. (1610 mm)

Vehicle capacity weight

2WD models except PreRunner

Cab type

Engine

Deck type

Regular Cab

Access Cab

Double Cab

2.7 L 4-cylinder (2TR-FE) engine 2.7 L 4-cylinder (2TR-FE) engine 4.0 L V6 (1GR-FE) engine 2.7 L 4-cylinder (2TR-FE) engine

Long deck

Vehicle capacity weight (Occupant +

luggage)*

1150 lb. (520 kg)

1050 lb. (475 kg)

850 lb. (385 kg)

950 lb. (430 kg)

*: Installing accessories in addition to those installed at the factory increases vehicle weight, thereby reducing vehicle capacity weight. Contact your Toyota dealer about the weight of accessory parts.

549

6-1. Specifications

PreRunner

Cab type

Engine

Deck type

Access Cab

Double Cab

2.7 L 4-cylinder (2TR-FE) engine 4.0 L V6 (1GR-FE) engine 2.7 L 4-cylinder (2TR-FE) engine

4.0 L V6 (1GR-FE) engine

Vehicle capacity weight (Occupant

+ luggage)*

1300 lb. (585 kg)

Long deck

1250 lb. (565 kg)

1300 lb. (585 kg)

1150 lb. (520 kg)

Short deck Long deck

Vehicle capacity weight (Occupant

+ luggage)*

1300 lb. (585 kg)

Long deck

1200 lb. (540 kg)

1150 lb. (520 kg)

1050 lb. (475 kg)

Short deck Long deck

*: Installing accessories in addition to those installed at the factory increases vehicle weight, thereby reducing vehicle capacity weight. Contact your Toyota dealer about the weight of accessory parts. 4WD models

Cab type

Engine

Deck type

Regular Cab

Access Cab

Double Cab

2.7 L 4-cylinder (2TR-FE) engine 2.7 L 4-cylinder (2TR-FE) engine 4.0 L V6 (1GR-FE) engine

4.0 L V6 (1GR-FE) engine

*: Installing accessories in addition to those installed at the factory increases vehicle weight, thereby reducing vehicle capacity weight. Contact your Toyota dealer about the weight of accessory parts.

550

6-1. Specifications

Driving system

2WD

4WD

TWR

3500 lb. (1585 kg)

TWR (Trailer Weight Rating)

Regular Cab models

Model code*1

Engine

TRN220L-TRMDKA TRN220L-TRPDKA TRN240L-TRMDKA TRN240L-TRPDKA

Access Cab models

2.7 L 4-cylinder (2TR-FE) engine

Model code*1

Engine

Driving system

TWR

2.7 L 4-cylinder (2TR-FE) engine

TRN225L-CRMDKA TRN225L-CRPDKA TRN245L-CRMDKA TRN245L-CRPDKA TRN265L-CRPDKA GRN225L-CRFDKA

GRN245L-CRADKA

GRN245L-CRFDKA

4.0 L V6 (1GR-FE) engine

GRN265L-CRADKA

2WD

4WD

2WD

4WD

2WD

3500 lb. (1585 kg)

3300 lb. (1495 kg) 3500 lb. (1585 kg)*2
6500 lb. (2945 kg)*3
3500 lb. (1585 kg)*2
6500 lb. (2945 kg)*3
3500 lb. (1585 kg)*2
6500 lb. (2945 kg)*3

551

6-1. Specifications

Double Cab models

Model code*1

Engine

TRN225L-PRPDKA TRN265L-PRPDKA

2.7 L 4-cylinder (2TR-FE) engine

Driving system

2WD

GRN245L-PRADKA

GRN245L-PRFDKA

4WD

GRN250L-PRADKA

4.0 L V6 (1GR-FE) engine

GRN265L-PRADKA

GRN270L-PRADKA

2WD

TWR

3400 lb. (1540 kg) 3500 lb. (1585 kg) 3500 lb. (1585 kg)*2
6500 lb. (2945 kg)*3
3500 lb. (1585 kg)*2
6500 lb. (2945 kg)*3
3500 lb. (1585 kg)*2
6400 lb. (2900 kg)*3
3500 lb. (1585 kg)*2
6500 lb. (2945 kg)*3
3500 lb. (1585 kg)*2
6500 lb. (2945 kg)*3

*1: The model code is indicated on the Certification Label. (→P. 553) *2: Without towing package *3: With towing package

552

6-1. Specifications

Vehicle identification

■ Vehicle identification number The vehicle identification number (VIN) is the legal identifier for your vehicle. This is the primary identification number for your Toyota. It is used in registering the ownership of your vehicle.

This number is stamped on the top left of the instrument panel.

Regular Cab and Double Cab models

This number Certification Label.

is also on

the

Access Cab models

This number Certification Label.

is also on

the

553

6-1. Specifications

■ Engine number The engine number is stamped on the engine block as shown.

2.7 L 4-cylinder (2TR-FE) engine

4.0 L V6 (1GR-FE) engine

554

6-1. Specifications

Engine

2.7 L 4-cylinder (2TR-FE) engine

Model Type Bore and stroke Displacement Drive belt tension Valve clearance (engine cold) 　Intake 　Exhaust

2TR-FE 4-cylinder in line, 4-cycle, gasoline 3.74 × 3.74 in. (95.0 × 95.0 mm) 164.3 cu.in. (2694 cm3) Automatic adjustment

Automatic adjustment

4.0 L V6 (1GR-FE) engine

Model Type Bore and stroke Displacement Drive belt tension Valve clearance (engine cold) 　Intake 　Exhaust

Fuel

Fuel type Octane rating Fuel tank capacity (Reference)

1GR-FE 6-cylinder V type, 4-cycle, gasoline 3.70 × 3.74 in. (94.0 × 95.0 mm) 241.4 cu.in. (3956 cm3) Automatic adjustment

0.006 ⎯ 0.010 in. (0.15 ⎯ 0.25 mm) 0.011 ⎯ 0.015 in. (0.29 ⎯ 0.39 mm)

Unleaded gasoline only 87 (Research octane number 91) or higher

21.1 gal. (80.0 L, 17.6 lmp.gal.)

555

6-1. Specifications

Lubrication system

Oil capacity (Drain and refill - reference*)

Without filter

With filter

2.7 L 4-cylinder (2TR-FE) engine 5.4 qt. (5.1 L, 4.5 Imp.qt.) 4.0 L V6 (1GR-FE) engine 2WD models except PreRunner: 4.4 qt. (4.2 L, 3.7 Imp.qt.) 4WD models and PreRunner: 5.2 qt. (4.9 L, 4.3 Imp.qt.)

2.7 L 4-cylinder (2TR-FE) engine 6.1 qt. (5.8 L, 5.1 Imp.qt.) 4.0 L V6 (1GR-FE) engine 2WD models except PreRunner: 4.8 qt. (4.5 L, 4.0 Imp.qt.) 4WD models and PreRunner: 5.5 qt. (5.2 L, 4.6 Imp.qt.)

*: The engine oil capacity is a reference quantity to be used when exchanging. Warm up and turn off the engine, wait more than 5 minutes, and check the oil level on the dipstick.

556

6-1. Specifications

■ Engine oil selection “Toyota Genuine Motor Oil” is used in your Toyota vehicle. Use Toyota approved “Toyota Genuine Motor Oil” or equivalent to satisfy the following grade and viscosity. Oil grade: ILSAC multigrade engine oil Recommended viscosity:

2.7 L 4-cylinder (2TR-FE) engine SAE 0W-20

SAE 0W-20 is the best choice for good fuel economy and good starting in cold weather. If SAE 0W-20 is not available, SAE 5W-20 oil may be used. However, it must be replaced with SAE 0W-20 at the next oil change.

Outside temperature

Oil viscosity (0W-20 is explained here as an example): ● The 0W in 0W-20 indicates the characteristic of the oil which allows cold startability. Oils with a lower value before the W allow for easier starting of the engine in cold weather.

● The 20 in 0W-20 indicates the viscosity characteristic of the oil when the oil is at high temperature. An oil with a higher viscosity (one with a higher value) may be better suited if the vehicle is operated at high speeds, or under extreme load conditions.

557

6-1. Specifications

4.0 L V6 (1GR-FE) engine SAE 5W-30

Outside temperature

SAE 5W-30 is the best choice for good fuel economy and good starting in cold weather. If SAE 5W-30 is not available, SAE 10W-30 oil may be used. However, it should be replaced with SAE 5W-30 at the next oil change.

Oil viscosity (5W-30 is explained here as an example): ● The 5W in 5W-30 indicates the characteristic of the oil which allows cold startability. Oils with a lower value before the W allow for easier starting of the engine in cold weather.

● The 30 in 5W-30 indicates the viscosity characteristic of the oil when the oil is at high temperature. An oil with a higher viscosity (one with a higher value) may be better suited if the vehicle is operated at high speeds, or under extreme load conditions.

How to read oil container label: The ILSAC (International Lubricant Standardization and Approval Committee) Certification Mark is added to some oil containers to help you select the oil you should use.

558

6-1. Specifications

Cooling system

Capacity

2.7 L 4-cylinder (2TR-FE) engine

4.0 L V6 (1GR-FE) engine

Coolant type

Ignition system

Vehicles with an automatic transmission 9.1 qt. (8.6 L, 7.6 Imp.qt.) Vehicles with a manual transmission 9.2 qt. (8.7 L, 7.7 Imp.qt.) Vehicles with an automatic transmission 10.1 qt. (9.6 L, 8.4 Imp.qt.) Vehicles with a manual transmission 10.3 qt. (9.7 L, 8.5 Imp.qt.)

Use either of the following. • “Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” • Similar high-quality ethylene glycol-based non-silicate, non-amine, non-nitrite, and non-borate coolant with long-life hybrid organic acid technology Do not use plain water alone.

Spark plug

2.7 L 4-cylinder (2TR-FE) engine

4.0 L V6 (1GR-FE) engine

Make Gap

Make

Gap

DENSO

DENSO NGK

SK20HR11
0.043 in. (1.1 mm)

K20HR-U11
LFR6C11
0.043 in. (1.1 mm)

NOTICE

■Iridium-tipped spark plugs (2.7 L 4-cylinder [2TR-FE] engine only)

Use only iridium-tipped spark plugs. Do not adjust gap when tuning engine.

559

6-1. Specifications

Electrical system

Battery Open voltage at 68°F (20°C):

Charging rates

Differential

12.6 ⎯ 12.8 V Fully charged 12.2 ⎯ 12.4 V Half charged 11.8 ⎯ 12.0 V Discharged (Voltage checked 20 minutes after the key is removed with all the lights turned off) 5 A max.

Front (4WD models)

1.59 qt. (1.50 L, 1.32 Imp.qt.)

Oil capacity

Rear

2WD models except PreRunner 3.66 qt. (3.46 L, 3.04 Imp.qt.) 4WD models and PreRunner 3.12 qt. (2.95 L, 2.60 Imp.qt.)

Oil type and viscosity *

Toyota Genuine Differential Gear Oil LT 75W-85 GL-5 or equivalent

*: Your Toyota vehicle is filled with “Toyota Genuine Differential Gear Oil” at the factory. Use Toyota approved “Toyota Genuine Differential Gear Oil” or an equivalent oil of matching quality to satisfy the above specification. Please contact your Toyota dealer for further details.

560

6-1. Specifications

Automatic transmission

4-speed models Fluid capacity * Fluid type

5-speed models

Fluid capacity *

10.8 qt. (10.2 L, 9.0 Imp.qt.) Toyota Genuine ATF Type T-IV

Vehicles without towing package 11.3 qt. (10.7 L, 9.4 Imp.qt.) Vehicles with towing package 11.5 qt. (10.9 L, 9.6 Imp.qt.)

Fluid type *: The fluid capacity is the quantity of reference. If replacement is necessary,

Toyota Genuine ATF WS

contact your Toyota dealer.

NOTICE

■Automatic transmission fluid type (4-speed models)

Using automatic transmission fluid other than “Toyota Genuine ATF Type T-IV” may cause deterioration in shift quality, locking up of your transmission accompanied by vibration, and ultimately damage the automatic transmission of your vehicle.

■Automatic transmission fluid type (5-speed models)

Using automatic transmission fluid other than “Toyota Genuine ATF WS” may cause deterioration in shift quality, locking up of your transmission accompanied by vibration, and ultimately damage the automatic transmission of your vehicle.

561

6-1. Specifications

Manual transmission

Gear oil capacity (Reference)

2.7 L 4-cylinder (2TR-FE) engine

4.0 L V6 (1GR-FE) engine

Gear oil type Recommended gear oil viscosity

Clutch

Clutch free play Fluid type

Transfer (4WD models)

2WD models 2.7 qt. (2.6 L, 2.3 Imp.qt.) 4WD models 2.3 qt. (2.2 L, 1.9 Imp.qt.)

1.9 qt. (1.8 L, 1.6 Imp.qt.) Gear oil API GL-4 or GL-5
SAE 75W-90

0.2 ⎯ 0.6 in. (5 ⎯ 15 mm) FMVSS No. 116 DOT 3 or SAE J1703

Oil capacity Oil type Recommended oil viscosity

1.1 qt. (1.0 L, 0.9 Imp.qt.) Gear oil API GL-4 or GL-5
SAE 75W-90

562

6-1. Specifications

Brakes

Pedal clearance *1

2WD models except PreRunner PreRunner 4WD models

4.3 in. (110 mm)

4.2 in. (106 mm)

Without off-road package 4.2 in. (106 mm) With off-road package 3.4 in. (88 mm)

0.04 ⎯ 0.24 in. (1 ⎯ 6 mm) 0.04 in. (1.0 mm) 0.04 in. (1.0 mm)

Pedal free play Brake pad wear limit Brake lining wear limit Parking brake pedal travel *2 (pedal type) Parking brake lever travel *3 (lever type) Fluid type *1: Minimum pedal clearance when depressed with a force of 110 lbf (490 N,

FMVSS No. 116 DOT 3 or SAE J1703

7 — 10 clicks

7 — 10 clicks

50 kgf) with the engine running.

*2: Parking brake pedal travel when depressed with a force of 67.4 lbf (300 N,

30.6 kgf).

*3: Parking brake lever travel when pulled with a force of 44.9 lbf (200 N, 20.4

kgf).

Chassis lubrication (4WD models and PreRunner with 2.7L 4-cylinder [2TR-FE] engine only)

Propeller shafts Spider

Lithium base chassis grease, NLGI No.2

563

Less than 1.2 in. (30 mm) Automatic transmission fluid DEXRON® II or III

P215/70R15 97S Front tires: 30 psi (210 kPa, 2.1 kgf/cm2 or bar) Rear tires: 33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2 or bar) Spare tire *: 33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2 or bar) Driving at high speeds above 100 mph (160 km/h) (in countries where such speeds are permitted by law) Add 3 psi (20 kPa, 0.2 kgf/cm2 or bar) to the front tires and rear tires. Never exceed the maximum cold tire inflation pressure indicated on the tire sidewall. 15 × 6 J, 15 × 6 JJ 83 ft·lbf (113 N·m, 11.5 kgf·m)

Wheel size Wheel nut torque *: If you affix the spare tire to a front position, please make sure to adjust

the tire to the correct inflation pressure as soon as possible.

6-1. Specifications

Steering

Free play

Power steering fluid type

Tires and wheels

Type A

Tire size

Tire inflation pressure (Recommended cold tire inflation pressure)

564

Type B

Tire size

Tire inflation pressure (Recommended cold tire inflation pressure)

Wheel size Wheel nut torque

Type C

Tire size

Tire inflation pressure (Recommended cold tire inflation pressure)

6-1. Specifications

P245/75R16 109S Front tires: 30 psi (210 kPa, 2.1 kgf/cm2 or bar) Rear tires: 30 psi (210 kPa, 2.1 kgf/cm2 or bar) Spare tire: 30 psi (210 kPa, 2.1 kgf/cm2 or bar) Driving at high speeds above 100 mph (160 km/h) (in countries where such speeds are permitted by law) Add 3 psi (20 kPa, 0.2 kgf/cm2 or bar) to the front tires and rear tires. Never exceed the maximum cold tire inflation pressure indicated on the tire sidewall. 16 × 7 J, 16 × 7 JJ 83 ft·lbf (113 N·m, 11.5 kgf·m)

P265/70R16 111T Front tires: 29 psi (200 kPa, 2.0 kgf/cm2 or bar) Rear tires: 32 psi (220 kPa, 2.2 kgf/cm2 or bar) Spare tire *: 32 psi (220 kPa, 2.2 kgf/cm2 or bar) Driving at high speeds above 100 mph (160 km/h) (in countries where such speeds are permitted by law) Add 3 psi (20 kPa, 0.2 kgf/cm2 or bar) to the front tires and rear tires. Never exceed the maximum cold tire inflation pressure indicated on the tire sidewall. 16 × 7 JJ 83 ft·lbf (113 N·m, 11.5 kgf·m)

Wheel size Wheel nut torque *: If you affix the spare tire to a front position, please make sure to adjust

the tire to the correct inflation pressure as soon as possible.

565

6-1. Specifications

Type D

Tire size

Tire inflation pressure (Recommended cold tire inflation pressure)

Wheel size Wheel nut torque

Type E

Tire size

Tire inflation pressure (Recommended cold tire inflation pressure)

Wheel size Wheel nut torque

566

P265/65R17 110S Front tires: 29 psi (200 kPa, 2.0 kgf/cm2 or bar) Rear tires: 29 psi (200 kPa, 2.0 kgf/cm2 or bar) Spare tire: 29 psi (200 kPa, 2.0 kgf/cm2 or bar) Driving at high speeds above 100 mph (160 km/h) (in countries where such speeds are permitted by law) Add 3 psi (20 kPa, 0.2 kgf/cm2 or bar) to the front tires and rear tires. Never exceed the maximum cold tire inflation pressure indicated on the tire sidewall. 17 × 7 1/2 JJ 83 ft·lbf (113 N·m, 11.5 kgf·m)

P255/45R18 99V Front tires: 35 psi (240 kPa, 2.4 kgf/cm2 or bar) Rear tires: 35 psi (240 kPa, 2.4 kgf/cm2 or bar) Spare tire: 35 psi (240 kPa, 2.4 kgf/cm2 or bar) Driving at high speeds above 100 mph (160 km/h) (in countries where such speeds are permitted by law) Add 4 psi (30 kPa, 0.3 kgf/cm2 or bar) to the front tires and rear tires. Never exceed the maximum cold tire inflation pressure indicated on the tire sidewall. 18 × 8 JJ 83 ft·lbf (113 N·m, 11.5 kgf·m)

6-1. Specifications

Type F

Tire size

Tire inflation pressure (Recommended cold tire inflation pressure)

Wheel size Wheel nut torque

P265/60R18 109H Front tires: 29 psi (200 kPa, 2.0 kgf/cm2 or bar) Rear tires: 29 psi (200 kPa, 2.0 kgf/cm2 or bar) Spare tire: 29 psi (200 kPa, 2.0 kgf/cm2 or bar) Driving at high speeds above 100 mph (160 km/h) (in countries where such speeds are permitted by law) Add 3 psi (20 kPa, 0.2 kgf/cm2 or bar) to the front tires and rear tires. Never exceed the maximum cold tire inflation pressure indicated on the tire sidewall. 18 × 7 1/2 J 83 ft·lbf (113 N·m, 11.5 kgf·m)

567

6-1. Specifications

Light bulbs

Light Bulbs

Bulb No.

Headlights Front fog lights*1
Front side marker lights Front turn signal lights/parking lights/ daytime running lights*1 Rear turn signal lights Stop/tail and rear side marker lights*2
Back-up lights License plate lights High mounted stoplight Interior light Personal lights

— —

—

4157
NAK

3157A

3157KX

921
168

168

— 168

60/55

55

27/8

27/8

27/8

18

Type

Exterior

Interior

*1: If equipped *2: Bulb type only A: HB2 halogen bulbs B: H11 halogen bulbs C: Wedge base bulbs (clear) D: Wedge base bulbs (amber) E: Double end bulbs

568

6-1. Specifications Fuel information

Your vehicle must use only unleaded gasoline. Select octane rating 87 (Research Octane Number 91) or higher. Use of unleaded gasoline with an octane rating lower than 87 may result in engine knocking. Persistent knocking can lead to engine damage. At minimum, the gasoline you use should meet the specifications of ASTM D4814 in the U.S.A. and CGSB3.5-M93 in Canada.

■Fuel tank opening for unleaded gasoline

To help prevent incorrect fueling, your Toyota has a fuel tank opening that only accommodates the special nozzle on unleaded fuel pumps.

■If your engine knocks

●Consult your Toyota dealer. ●You may occasionally notice light knocking for a short time while accelerating or driving uphill. This is normal and there is no need for concern.

■Gasoline quality

In very few cases, driveability problems may be caused by the brand of gasoline you are using. If driveability problems persist, try changing the brand of gasoline. If this does not correct the problem, consult your Toyota dealer.

■Gasoline quality standards

●Automotive manufacturers in the US, Europe and Japan have developed a specification for fuel quality called World-Wide Fuel Charter (WWFC) that is expected to be applied worldwide.

●The WWFC consists of four categories that are based on required

emission levels. In the US, category 4 has been adopted.

●The WWFC improves air quality by lowering emissions in vehicle fleets,

and customer satisfaction through better performance.

569

6-1. Specifications

■Toyota recommends the use of gasoline containing detergent additives ●Toyota recommends the use of gasoline that contains detergent additives

to avoid build-up of engine deposits.

●All gasoline sold in the US contains detergent additives to clean and/or

keep clean intake systems.

■Toyota recommends the use of cleaner burning gasoline

Cleaner burning gasoline, including reformulated gasoline that contains oxygenates such as ethanol or MTBE (Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether) is available in many areas. Toyota recommends the use of cleaner burning gasoline and appropriately blended reformulated gasoline. These types of gasoline provide excellent vehicle performance, reduce vehicle emissions and improve air quality.

■Toyota does not recommend blended gasoline

DO NOT use gasoline containing more than 10% ethanol.

(15% ethanol)

(50% ethanol)

(85% ethanol)

●Use only gasoline containing a maxi-

mum of 10% ethanol. DO NOT use any flex-fuel or gasoline that could contain more than 10% etha- nol, including from any pump labeled E15, E30, E50, E85 (which are only some examples of fuel containing more than 10% ethanol).

●If you use gasohol in your Toyota, be sure that it has an octane rating no

lower than 87.

●Toyota does not recommend the use of gasoline containing methanol.

570

6-1. Specifications

■Toyota does not recommend gasoline containing MMT

Some gasoline contains octane enhancing additive called MMT (Methylcyclopentadienyl Manganese Tricarbonyl). Toyota does not recommend the use of gasoline that contains MMT. If fuel containing MMT is used, your emission control system may be adversely affected. The malfunction indicator lamp on the instrument cluster may come on. If this happens, contact your Toyota dealer for service.

NOTICE

■Notice on fuel quality

●Do not use improper fuels.

If improper fuels are used the engine will be damaged.

●Do not use leaded gasoline.

Leaded gasoline can cause damage to your vehicle’s three-way catalytic converters causing the emission control system to malfunction.

●Do not use gasohol other than that stated here.

Other gasohol may cause fuel system damage or vehicle performance problems.

●Using unleaded gasoline with an octane number or rating lower than the

level previously stated will cause persistent heavy knocking. At worst, this will lead to engine damage.

■Fuel-related poor driveability

If after using a different type of fuel, poor driveability is encountered (poor hot starting, vaporization, engine knocking, etc.), discontinue the use of that type of fuel.

■When refueling with gasohol Take care not to spill gasohol. It can damage your vehicle’s paint.

571

6-1. Specifications Tire information

Typical tire symbols

(→P. 574) (→P. 573) (→P. 452)

Tire size DOT and Tire Identification Number (TIN) Location of treadwear indicators Tire ply composition and materials Plies are layers of rubber-coated parallel cords. Cords are the strands which form the plies in a tire. Uniform tire quality grading For details, see “Uniform tire quality grading” that follows. Load limit at maximum cold tire inflation pressure Maximum cold tire inflation pressure This means the pressure to which a tire may be inflated. TUBELESS or TUBE TYPE A tubeless tire does not have a tube and air is directly filled in the tire. A tube type tire has a tube inside the tire and the tube maintains the air pressure.

(→P. 577) (→P. 577)

572

6-1. Specifications

Radial tires or bias-ply tires A radial tire has RADIAL on the sidewall. A tire not marked RADIAL is a bias-ply tire. Summer tire or all season tire (→P. 456) An all season tire has M+S on the sidewall. A tire not marked M+S is a summer tire.

Typical DOT and tire identification number (TIN)

manufacturer’s

Identification Number

DOT symbol* Tire (TIN) Tire identification mark Tire size code Manufacturer’s optional type code (3 or 4 letters) Manufacturing week Manufacturing year *:The DOT symbol certifies that the tire conforms to applicable Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards.

tire

573

The illustration indicates typical tire size.

Tire use (P = Passenger car, T = Temporary use) Section width (millimeters) Aspect ratio (tire height to section width) Tire construction code (R = Radial, D = Diagonal) Wheel diameter (inches) Load index (2 digits or 3 digits) Speed symbol (alphabet with one letter)

Section width Tire height Wheel diameter

6-1. Specifications

Tire size

■ Typical tire size information

■ Tire dimensions

574

6-1. Specifications

Tire section names

Bead Sidewall Shoulder Tread Belt Inner liner Reinforcing rubber Carcass Rim lines Bead wires Chafer

Uniform Tire Quality Grading

This information has been prepared in accordance with regulations issued by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration of the U.S.A. Department of Transportation. It provides the purchasers and/or prospective purchasers of Toyota vehicles with information on uniform tire quality grading.

Your Toyota dealer will help answer any questions you may have as you read this information.

■ DOT quality grades

All passenger vehicle tires must conform to Federal Safety Requirements in addition to these grades. Quality grades can be found where applicable on the tire sidewall between tread shoulder and maximum section width. For example: Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A

575

6-1. Specifications

■ Treadwear

The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a specified government test course. For example, a tire graded 150 would wear one and a half (1 - 1/2) times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual conditions of their use, however, and may depart significantly from the norm due to variations in driving habits, service practices and differences in road characteristics and climate.

■ Traction AA, A, B, C

The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are AA, A, B and C, and they represent the tire’s ability to stop on wet pavement as measured under controlled conditions on specified government test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor traction performance. Warning: The traction grade assigned to this tire is based on braking (straight ahead) traction tests and does not include cornering (turning) traction.

■ Temperature A, B, C

The temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing the tire’s resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a specified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and excessive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure. The grade C corresponds to a level of performance which all passenger car tires must meet under the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 109. Grades B and A represent higher levels of performance on the laboratory test wheel than the minimum required by law.

576

6-1. Specifications

Warning: The temperature grades for this tire are established for a tire that is properly inflated and not overloaded. Excessive speed, underinflation, or excessive loading, either separately or in combination, can cause heat buildup and possible tire failure.

Glossary of tire terminology

Tire related term

Meaning

Cold tire inflation pressure

Maximum inflation pressure

Recommended inflation pressure

Accessory weight

Curb weight

Maximum loaded vehicle weight

Tire pressure when the vehicle has been parked for three hours or more, or has not been driven more than 1 mile or 1.5 km under that condition The maximum cold inflated pressure to which a tire may be inflated, shown on the sidewall of the tire Cold tire inflation pressure recommended by a manufacturer The combined weight (in excess of those standard items which may be replaced) of transmission, power steering, power brakes, power windows, power seats, radio and heater, to the extent that these items are available as factory-installed equipment (whether installed or not) The weight of a motor vehicle with standard equipment, including the maximum capacity of fuel, oil and coolant, and if so equipped, air conditioning and additional weight optional engine The sum of: (a) Curb weight (b) Accessory weight (c) Vehicle capacity weight (d) Production options weight

577

6-1. Specifications

Tire related term

Normal occupant weight

Occupant distribution

Production options weight

Rim

Rim diameter (Wheel diameter) Rim size designation

Rim type designation

Rim width Vehicle capacity weight (Total load capacity)

Vehicle maximum load on the tire

Vehicle normal load on the tire

578

Meaning

150 lb. (68 kg) times the number of occupants specified in the second column of Table 1* that follows Distribution of occupants in a vehicle as specified in the third column of Table 1* below The combined weight of installed regular production options weighing over 5 lb. (2.3 kg) in excess of the standard items which they replace, not previously considered in curb weight or accessory weight, including heavy duty brakes, ride levelers, roof rack, heavy duty battery, and special trim A metal support for a tire or a tire and tube assembly upon which the tire beads are seated

Nominal diameter of the bead seat

Rim diameter and width The industry manufacturer's designation for a rim by style or code Nominal distance between rim flanges The rated cargo and luggage load plus 150 lb. (68 kg) times the vehicle's designated seating capacity The load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle its share of the maximum loaded vehicle weight, and dividing by two The load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle its share of curb weight, accessory weight, and normal occupant weight (distributed in accordance with Table 1* below), and dividing by two

Tire related term

Weather side

Bead

Bead separation

Bias ply tire

Carcass

Chunking

Cord

Cord separation

Cracking

CT

Extra load tire

Groove

Innerliner

6-1. Specifications

Meaning

The surface area of the rim not covered by the inflated tire The part of the tire that is made of steel wires, wrapped or reinforced by ply cords and that is shaped to fit the rim A breakdown of the bond between components in the bead A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at alternate angles substantially less than 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread The tire structure, except tread and sidewall rubber which, when inflated, bears the load The breaking away of pieces of the tread or sidewall The strands forming the plies in the tire The parting of cords from adjacent rubber compounds Any parting within the tread, sidewall, or innerliner of the tire extending to cord material A pneumatic tire with an inverted flange tire and rim system in which the rim is designed with rim flanges pointed radially inward and the tire is designed to fit on the underside of the rim in a manner that encloses the rim flanges inside the air cavity of the tire A tire designed to operate at higher loads and at higher inflation pressures than the corresponding standard tire The space between two adjacent tread ribs The layer(s) forming the inside surface of a tubeless tire that contains the inflating medium within the tire

579

6-1. Specifications

Tire related term

Innerliner separation

Intended outboard sidewall

Light truck (LT) tire

Load rating

Maximum load rating

Maximum permissible inflation pressure

Measuring rim