2011 Toyota Tacoma Owners Manual

should come on. Push the switch again to turn the system back on.

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2-4. Using other driving systems

n Turning off TRAC and VSC

Press and hold the VSC OFF switch for more than 3 seconds while the vehicle is stopped to turn off both TRAC and VSC. indicator

The VSC OFF should come on. Push the switch again to turn both systems back on.

light

n Automatic reactivation of TRAC and VSC

Turning the engine switch off after turning off the TRAC and VSC systems will automatically re-enable them.

n Automatic TRAC reactivation (AUTO LSD mode)

With AUTO LSD mode, VSC OFF and AUTO LSD indicator lights turn on. The TRAC system will turn on when the vehicle speed increases.

n Automatic TRAC and VSC reactivation

If the TRAC and VSC systems are turned off, the systems will not turn on even when vehicle speed increases.

n Sounds and vibrations caused by the ABS, TRAC, VSC, brake assist

and hill-start assist control system l A sound may be heard from the engine compartment when the engine is started or just after the vehicle begins to move. This sound does not indi- cate that a malfunction has occurred in any of these systems.

l Any of the following conditions may occur when the above systems are

operating. None of these indicates that a malfunction has occurred. • Vibrations may be felt through the vehicle body and steering. • A motor sound may be heard after the vehicle comes to a stop. • The brake pedal may pulsate slightly when the ABS is activated. • The brake pedal may move down slightly after the ABS is activated.

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2-4. Using other driving systems

n Hill-start assist control is operational when (if equipped)

l The shift lever is in the D, 4, 3, 2 (5-speed automatic transmission), D, 3,

2 (4-speed automatic transmission) or L positions.

l The brake pedal is not depressed.

n Hill-start assist control will not operate when (if equipped)

l The shift lever is in the P, R or N positions. l The rear differential is locked. n If the brake system overheats

TRAC and hill-start control will cease operation and a buzzer will sound to alert the driver. Stop the vehicle in a safe place. (There is no problem with continuing normal driving.)

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2-4. Using other driving systems

CAUTION

n The ABS does not operate effectively when

l The limits of the gripping performance have been exceeded. l The vehicle hydroplanes while driving at high speed on the wet or slick

road.

n Stopping distance when the ABS is operating will exceed that of nor-

mal conditions The ABS is not designed to shorten the vehicle’s stopping distance. Always maintain a safe distance from the vehicle in front of you in the following situ- ations. l When driving on dirt, gravel or snow-covered roads l When driving with tire chains l When driving over bumps in the road l When driving over roads with potholes or roads with uneven roads

n When VSC is activated

The slip indicator flashes and a warning buzzer sounds. Always drive care- fully. Reckless driving may cause an accident. Exercise particular care when the indicator flashes and a buzzer sounds. n TRAC may not operate effectively when

Directional control and power may not be achievable while driving on slip- pery road surfaces, even if TRAC is operating. Do not drive the vehicle in conditions where stability and power may be lost.

n If the hill-start assist control does not operate effectively

Do not overly rely on the hill-start assist control. The hill start assist control may not operate effectively on steep inclines and roads covered in ice.

n Replacing tires

Make sure that all tires are of the same size, brand, tread pattern and total load capacity. In addition, make sure that the tires are inflated to the appro- priate tire pressure level. The ABS and VSC will not function correctly if different tires are fitted on the vehicle. Contact your Toyota dealer for further information when replacing tires or wheels.

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2-4. Using other driving systems

CAUTION

n Handling of tires and suspension

Using tires with any kind of problem or modifying the suspension will affect the driving assist systems, and may cause the system to malfunction.

197

2-5. Driving information Off-road precautions (4WD models and PreRunner)

This vehicle has higher ground clearance and narrower tread in rela- tion to the height of its center of gravity to make it capable of per- forming in a wide variety of off-road applications.

Off-road vehicle feature

l Specific design characteristics give it a higher center of gravity than ordinary passenger cars. This vehicle design feature causes this type of vehicle to be more likely to rollover. And, it has a signif- icantly higher rollover rate than other types of vehicles.

l An advantage of the higher ground clearance is a better view of the

road allowing you to anticipate problems. It is not designed for cornering at the same speeds as ordinary passenger cars any more than low-slung sports cars are designed to perform satisfactorily under off-road conditions. Therefore, sharp turns at excessive speeds may cause rollover.

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2-5. Driving information

CAUTION

n Off-road vehicle precautions

Always observe the following precautions to minimize the risk of serious per- sonal injury or damage to your vehicle:

In a rollover crash, an unbelted person is significantly more likely to die than a person wearing a seat belt. Therefore, the driver and all passengers should fasten their seat belts whenever the vehicle is moving.

l Avoid sharp turns or abrupt maneuvers, if at all possible.

Failure to operate this vehicle correctly may result in loss of control or vehicle rollover causing death or serious injury.

l Avoid loading any items on the roof that will raise the vehicle’s center of

gravity.

l Always slow down in gusty crosswinds. Because of its profile and higher center of gravity, your vehicle is more sensitive to side winds than an ordi- nary passenger car. Slowing down will allow you to have much better con- trol.

l When driving off-road or in rugged terrain, do not drive at excessive speeds, jump, make sharp turns, strike objects, etc. This may cause loss of control or vehicle rollover causing death or serious injury. You are also risking expensive damage to your vehicle’s suspension and chassis.

l Do not drive horizontally across steep slopes. Driving straight up or straight down is preferred. Your vehicle (or any similar off-road vehicle) can tip over sideways much more easily than forward or backward.

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Off-road driving

When driving your vehicle off-road, please observe the following pre- cautions to ensure your driving enjoyment and to help prevent the closure of areas to off-road vehicles. l Drive your vehicle only in areas where off-road vehicles are permit-

ted to travel.

l Respect private property. Get owner’s permission before entering

private property.

l Do not enter areas that are closed. Honor gates, barriers and signs

that restrict travel.

l Stay on established roads. When conditions are wet, driving tech- niques should be changed or travel delayed to prevent damage to roads.

n Additional information for off-road driving

For owners in U.S. mainland, Hawaii and Puerto Rico:

To obtain additional information pertaining to driving your vehicle off-road, consult the following organizations. l State and Local Parks and Recreation Departments l State Motor Vehicle Bureau l Recreational Vehicle Clubs l U.S. Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management

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2-5. Driving information

CAUTION

n Off-road driving precautions

Always observe the following precautions to minimize the risk of serious injury or damage to your vehicle: l Drive carefully when off the road. Do not take unnecessary risks by driving

in dangerous places.

l Do not grip the steering wheel spokes when driving off-road. A bad bump could jerk the wheel and injure your hands. Keep both hands and espe- cially your thumbs on the outside of the rim.

l Always check your brakes for effectiveness immediately after driving in

sand, mud, water or snow.

l After driving through tall grass, mud, rock, sand, rivers, etc., check that there is no grass, bush, paper, rags, stone, sand, etc. adhering or trapped on the underbody. Clear off any such matter from the underbody. If the vehicle is used with these materials trapped or adhering to the underbody, a breakdown or fire could occur. In a rollover crash, an unbelted person is significantly more likely to die than a person wearing a seat belt. Therefore, the driver and all passengers should fasten their seat belts whenever the vehicle is moving.

l When driving off-road or in rugged terrain, do not drive at excessive speeds, jump, make sharp turns, strike objects, etc. This may cause loss of control or vehicle rollover causing death or serious injury. You are also risking expensive damage to your vehicle’s suspension and chassis.

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2-5. Driving information

NOTICE

n To prevent the water damage

l Take all necessary safety measures to ensure that water damage to the

engine or other components does not occur.

l Water entering the engine air intake will cause severe engine damage. l Water entering the automatic transmission will cause deterioration in shift quality, locking up of your transmission accompanied by vibration, and ulti- mately damage.

l Water can wash the grease from wheel bearings, causing rusting and pre- mature failure, and may also enter the differentials, transmission and transfer case, reducing the gear oil’s lubricating qualities.

n When you drive through water

If driving through water, such as when crossing shallow streams, first check the depth of the water and the bottom of the river bed for firmness. Drive slowly and avoid deep water.

n Inspection after off-road driving

l Sand and mud that has accumulated in brake drums and around brake discs may affect braking efficiency and may damage brake system compo- nents.

l Always perform a maintenance inspection after each day of off-road driv- ing that has taken you through rough terrain, sand, mud, or water. For scheduled maintenance information, refer to the “Scheduled Maintenance Guide” or “Owner’s Manual Supplement”.

202

2-5. Driving information Cargo and luggage

Take notice of the following information about storage precau- tions, cargo capacity and load. l Stow cargo and luggage in the rear deck whenever possible. l Be sure all items are secured in place. l Be careful to keep the vehicle level. Placing the weight as far for-

ward as possible helps maintain vehicle balance.

l For better fuel economy, do not carry unnecessary weight. n Deck rails

Headboard rail Side rails To use the deck rails, you must install genuine Toyota accessories or their equiva- lent for the deck rails. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions and precautions when installing a genuine Toyota accessory or equiva- lent.

CAUTION

n When you secure cargo with the deck rails

Be sure to follow the instructions below in order to avoid the cargo com- ing loose. l Do not install accessories (tie-down cleats, storage boxes, etc.) at

more than the following number of locations per deck rail. • Side rail:

Short deck—Max. 3 locations Long deck—Max. 4 locations

• Headboard rail: Max 3 locations

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2-5. Driving information

CAUTION

n When you secure cargo with the deck rails

l Spread out tie-down/support locations evenly along the length of the

rails.

l Do not exceed a total tensile load of 440 lb. (200 kg) per deck rail. l To prevent luggage or cargo from sliding forward during braking, make sure the deck rail accessories such as storage box are securely attached on the deck rails.

Capacity and distribution

Cargo capacity depends on the total weight of the occupants. (Cargo capacity) = (Total load capacity) − (Total weight of occupants) Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit— (1)Locate the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs.” on your vehicle’s placard.

(2)Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that

will be riding in your vehicle.

(3)Subtract the combined weight of the driver and passengers from

XXX kg or XXX lbs.

(4)The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and lug-

gage load capacity. For example, if the “XXX” amount equals 1400 lbs. and there will be five 150 lb passengers in your vehicle, the amount of available cargo and luggage load capacity is 650 lbs. (1400 − 750 (5 × 150) = 650 lbs.)

(5)Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4.

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2-5. Driving information

(6)If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle. Consult this manual to determine how this reduces the available cargo and luggage load capacity of your vehicle.

Example on your vehicle

Cargo capacity Total load capacity

When 2 people with the combined weight of A lb. (kg) are riding in your vehicle, which has a total load capacity of B lb. (kg), the avail- able amount of cargo and luggage load capacity will be C lb. (kg) as follows: B lb. (kg) − A lb. (kg) = C lb. (kg)

In this condition, if 3 more passengers with the combined weight of D lb. (kg) get on, the available cargo and luggage load will be reduced E lb. (kg) as follows:

C lb. (kg) − D lb. (kg) = E lb. (kg) As shown in the above example, if the number of occupants increases, the cargo and luggage load will be reduced by an amount that equals the increased weight due to the additional occupants. In other words, if an increase in the number of occupants causes an excess of the total load capacity (combined weight of occupants plus cargo and luggage load), you must reduce the cargo and luggage on your vehicle.

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CAUTION

n Things that must not be carried in the luggage compartment

The following things may cause a fire if loaded in the luggage compart- ment. l Receptacles containing gasoline l Aerosol cans

n Storage precautions

Observe the following precautions. Failing to do so may result in death or serious injury. l Do not stack anything behind the front seats higher than the seat-

backs. Such items may be thrown about and possibly injure people in the vehicle during sudden braking or in an accident.

l Do not place cargo or luggage in or on the following locations as the item may get under the clutch, brake or accelerator pedal and prevent the pedals from being depressed properly, block the driver’s vision, or hit the driver or passengers, causing an accident. • Driver’s feet • Front passenger or rear seats (when stacking items) • Instrument panel • Dashboard • Auxiliary box or tray that has no lid

l Secure all items in the occupant compartment, as they may shift and injure someone during sudden braking, sudden swerving or an acci- dent.

l Never allow anyone to ride in the rear deck. It is not designed for pas- sengers. They should ride in their seats with their seat belts properly fastened. Otherwise, they are much more likely to suffer death or seri- ous bodily injury, in the event of sudden braking, sudden swerving or an accident.

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2-5. Driving information

CAUTION

n Capacity and distribution

l Do not exceed the maximum axle weight rating or the total vehicle

weight rating.

l Even if the total load of occupant’s weight and the cargo load is less than the total load capacity, do not apply the load unevenly. Improper loading may cause deterioration of steering or braking control which may cause death or serious injury.

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2-5. Driving information Vehicle load limits

Vehicle load limits include total load capacity, seating capacity, TWR (Trailer Weight Rating) and cargo capacity. n Total load capacity: (→P. 485)

Total load capacity means the combined weight of occupants, cargo and luggage. n Seating capacity:

Regular Cab models With separated type seats— 2 occupants With bench type seat— 3 occupants Access Cab models 4 occupants (Front 2, Rear 2) Double Cab models 5 occupants (Front 2, Rear 3) Seating capacity means the maximum number of occupants whose estimated average weight is 150 lb. (68 kg) per person. Even if the number of occupants are within the seating capacity, do not exceed the total load capacity.

n TWR (Trailer Weight Rating): (→P. 218, 487)

TWR means the maximum gross trailer weight (trailer weight plus its cargo weight) that your vehicle is able to tow.

n Cargo capacity

Cargo capacity may increase or decrease depending on the weight and the number of occupants.

n Total load capacity and seating capacity

These details are also described on the tire and loading information label. (→396)

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2-5. Driving information

CAUTION

n Overloading the vehicle

Do not overload the vehicle. It may not only cause damage to the tires, but also degrade steering and braking ability, resulting in an accident.

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2-5. Driving information Winter driving tips

Carry out the necessary preparations and inspections before driving the vehicle in winter. Always drive the vehicle in a manner appropri- ate to the prevailing weather conditions. n Pre-winter preparations

l Use fluids that are appropriate to the prevailing outside tem-

peratures. • Engine oil • Engine coolant • Washer fluid

l Have a service technician inspect the level and specific grav-

ity of battery electrolyte.

l Have the vehicle fitted with four snow tires or purchase a set

of tire chains for the rear tires. Ensure that all tires are the same size and brand, and that chains match the size of the tires. n Before driving the vehicle

Perform the following according to the driving conditions. l Do not try to forcibly open a window, scrape an outside rear view mirror surface or move a wiper or outside rear view mir- ror that is frozen. Pour warm water over the frozen area to melt the ice. Wipe away the water immediately to prevent it from freezing.

l To ensure proper operation of the climate control system fan, remove any snow that has accumulated on the air inlet vents in front of the windshield.

l Remove any ice that has accumulated on the vehicle chassis. l Periodically check for and remove any excess ice or snow that may have accumulated in the wheel well or on the brakes.

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2-5. Driving information

n When driving the vehicle

Accelerate the vehicle slowly and drive at a reduced speed suit- able to road conditions.

n When parking the vehicle

Park the vehicle and move the shift lever to P (automatic trans- mission) or 1 or R (manual transmission) without setting the parking brake. The parking brake may freeze up, preventing it from being released. If necessary, block the wheels to prevent inadvertent sliding or creeping.

Selecting tire chains

Use the correct tire chain size when mounting the snow chains. Chain size is regulated for each tire size.

Side chain 0.2 in. (5 mm) in diameter Cross chain 0.25 in. (6.3 mm) in diameter

Regulations on the use of snow chains

l Regulations regarding the use of tire chains vary according to loca- tion and type of road. Always check local regulations before install- ing chains. Install the chains on the rear tires.

l Retighten the chains after driving 1/4 - 1/2 mile (0.5 - 1.0 km).

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2-5. Driving information

n Snow chain installation

Observe the following precautions when installing and removing chains.

Install and remove tire chains in a safe location. Install tire chains on the rear tires only. Do not install tire chains on the front tires. Install tire chains following the instructions provided in the accompanying instructions.

CAUTION

n Driving with snow tires

Observe the following precautions to reduce the risk of accidents. Failing to do so may result in a loss of vehicle control and cause death or serious injury. l Use tires of the size specified for your vehicle. l Maintain the recommended level of air pressure. l Do not drive in excess of 75 mph (120 km/h) regardless of the type of

snow tires being used.

l Snow tires should be installed on all wheels. l 4WD models:

Do not mix tires of different makes, models, tread patterns or treadwear.

n Driving with snow chains

Observe the following precautions to reduce the risk of accidents. Failing to do so may result in the vehicle being unable to be driven safely, and may cause death or serious injury. l Do not drive in excess of the speed limit specified for the tire chains being

used or 30 mph (50 km/h), whichever is lower.

l Avoid driving on bumpy road surfaces or over potholes. l Avoid sudden turns and braking. l Slow down sufficiently before entering a curve to ensure that vehicle con-

trol is maintained.

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2-5. Driving information

CAUTION

n When parking the vehicle

Always use wheel blocks when parking without the parking brake. Failure to do so may allow the vehicle to move, resulting in an accident.

NOTICE

n Repairing or replacing snow tires

Request repairs of and obtain replacement snow tires from Toyota dealers or legitimate tire retailers. This is because the removal and attachment of snow tires affects the opera- tion of the tire pressure warning valves and transmitters.

n Fitting tire chains

The tire pressure warning valves and transmitters may not function correctly when tire chains are fitted.

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2-5. Driving information Trailer towing

Your vehicle is designed primarily as a passenger-and-load-carrying vehicle. Towing a trailer can have an adverse impact on handling, performance, braking, durability, and fuel consumption. For your safety and the safety of others, you must not overload your vehicle or trailer. You must also ensure that you are using appropriate tow- ing equipment, that the towing equipment has been installed cor- rectly and used properly, and that you employ the requisite driving habits. Vehicle-trailer stability and braking performance are affected by trailer stability, brake performance and setting, trailer brakes, the hitch and hitch systems (if equipped). To tow a trailer safely, use extreme care and drive the vehicle in accordance with your trailer’s characteristics and operating condi- tions. Toyota warranties do not apply to damage or malfunction caused by towing a trailer for commercial purposes. Contact your Toyota dealer for further information about additional requirements such as towing kits, etc.

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2-5. Driving information

Towing related terms

n GCWR (Gross Combination Weight Rating)

The maximum allowable gross combination weight. The gross combination weight is the sum of the total vehicle weight (including the occupants, cargo and any optional equipment installed on the vehicle) and the weight of the trailer being towed (including the cargo in the trailer).

n GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating)

The maximum allowable gross vehicle weight. The gross vehicle weight is the total weight of the vehicle. When towing a trailer, it is the sum of the vehicle weight (including the occupants, cargo and any optional equipment installed on the vehicle) and the tongue weight.

n GAWR (Gross Axle Weight Rating)

The maximum allowable gross axle weight. The gross axle weight is the load placed on each axle (front and rear).

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2-5. Driving information

n TWR (Trailer Weight Rating)

(With brakes)

The maximum allowable gross trailer weight. The gross trailer weight is the sum of the trailer weight and the weight of the cargo in the trailer. TWR is calculated assuming base vehicle with one driver, one front passenger, towing package (if available), hitch and hitch sys- tems (if required).

Additional optional equipment, passengers and cargo in the vehi- cle will reduce the trailer weight rating so as not to exceed GCWR, GVWR and GAWR.

n Unbraked TWR (Unbraked Trailer Weight Rating) (Without brakes)

The trailer weight rating for tow- ing a trailer without a trailer ser- vice brake system.

n Tongue Weight

The load placed on the trailer hitch ball. (→P. 222)

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2-5. Driving information

Weight limits

l The gross trailer weight must never exceed the TWR described in

the table. (→P. 218, 487)

l The gross combination weight must never exceed the GCWR

described in the table. (→P. 218) Regular Cab models and Double Cab models

l The gross vehicle weight must never exceed the GVWR indi- cated on the Certification Label.

l The gross axle weight on each axle must never exceed the GAWR indicated on the Certi- fication Label.

Access Cab models

If the gross trailer weight is over the unbraked TWR, trailer service brakes are required. If the gross trailer weight is over 2000 lb. (907 kg), a sway control device with sufficient capacity is required. If the gross trailer weight is over 5000 lb. (2268 kg), a weight dis- tributing hitch with sufficient capacity is required.

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2-5. Driving information

Confirm that the gross trailer weight, gross combination weight, gross vehicle weight, gross axle weight and tongue weight are all within the limits. n GCWR* and TWR* Regular Cab models

Model code*1

Engine

TRN220L- TRMDKA TRN220L- TRPDKA TRN240L- TRMDKA TRN240L- TRPDKA

2.7 L

4-cylinder (2TR-FE) engine

Driving system

2WD

4WD

GCWR

TWR

7140 lb. (3238 kg) 7160 lb. (3247 kg) 7500 lb. (3402 kg) 7550 lb. (3424 kg)

3500 lb. (1587 kg)

*: These models meet the tow-vehicle trailering requirement of SAE

International per SAE J2807.

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Access Cab models

Model code*1

Engine

Driving system

2WD

4WD

2WD

2.7 L

4-cylinder (2TR-FE) engine

4WD

4.0 L V6 (1GR-FE) engine

2WD

TRN225L- CRMDKA TRN225L- CRPDKA TRN245L- CRMDKA TRN245L- CRPDKA TRN265L- CRPDKA GRN225L- CRFDKA

GRN245L- CRADKA

GRN245L- CRFDKA

GRN265L- CRADKA

2-5. Driving information

GCWR

TWR

7430 lb. (3370 kg) 7450 lb. (3379 kg) 7790 lb. (3533 kg) 7810 lb. (3542 kg) 7580 lb. (3438 kg) 7650 lb. (3470 kg) 7960 lb. (3610 kg)*2
11090 lb. (5030 kg)*3
7930 lb. (3597 kg)*2
11070 lb. (5021 kg)*3
7720 lb. (3501 kg)*2
10860 lb. (4926 kg)*3

3500 lb. (1587 kg)

3300 lb. (1496 kg) 3500 lb. (1587 kg)*2
6500 lb. (2948 kg)*3
3500 lb. (1587 kg)*2
6500 lb. (2948 kg)*3
3500 lb. (1587 kg)*2
6500 lb. (2948 kg)*3

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Driving system

2WD

2.7 L

4-cylinder (2TR-FE) engine

4.0 L V6 (1GR-FE) engine

4WD

GCWR

TWR

7530 lb. (3415 kg) 7660 lb. (3474 kg) 8040 lb. (3646 kg)*2
11180 lb. (5071 kg)*3
8020 lb. (3637 kg)*2
11150 lb. (5057 kg)*3
8080 lb. (3665 kg)*2
11210 lb. (5084 kg)*3

3400 lb. (1542 kg) 3500 lb. (1587 kg) 3500 lb. (1587 kg)*2
6400 lb. (2903 kg)*3
3500 lb. (1587 kg)*2
6400 lb. (2903 kg)*3
3500 lb. (1587 kg)*2
6300 lb. (2857 kg)*3

2-5. Driving information

Double Cab models

Model code*1

Engine

TRN225L- PRPDKA TRN265L- PRPDKA

GRN245L- PRADKA

GRN245L- PRFDKA

GRN250L- PRADKA

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2-5. Driving information

Model code*1

Engine

Driving system

GCWR

TWR

GRN265L- PRADKA

GRN270L- PRADKA

4.0 L V6 (1GR-FE) engine

2WD

7810 lb. (3542 kg)*2
10940 lb. (4962 kg)*3
7860 lb. (3565 kg)*2
11000 lb. (4989 kg)*3

3500 lb. (1587 kg)*2
6500 lb. (2948 kg)*3
3500 lb. (1587 kg)*2
6500 lb. (2948 kg)*3

*1: The model code is indicated on the Certification Label. (→P. 217, 489) *2: Without towing package *3: With towing package n Unbraked TWR* 1000 lb. (453 kg)

n Fifth wheel and gooseneck towing TWR*

Toyota does not recommend fifth wheel and gooseneck towing.

*: These models meet the tow-vehicle trailering requirement of SAE

International per SAE J2807.

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2-5. Driving information

Trailer Tongue Weight

l A recommended tongue weight varies in accordance with the types

of trailers or towing as described below.

l To ensure the recommended values shown below, the trailer must

be loaded by referring to the following instructions. • Tongue Weight

The gross trailer weight should be distributed so that the tongue weight is 9% to 11%. (Tongue weight /Gross trailer weight x 100
= 9% to 11%)

Gross trailer weight Tongue weight

If using a weight distributing hitch when towing, return the front axle to the same weight as before the trailer connection. If front axle weight cannot be measured directly, measure the front fender height above the front axle before connection. Adjust weight distributing hitch torque until front fender is returned to the same height as before connection. The gross trailer weight, gross axle weight and tongue weight can be measured with platform scales found at a highway weighing station, building supply company, trucking company, junk yard, etc.

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2-5. Driving information

Hitch

Trailer hitch assemblies have different weight capacities. Toyota rec- ommends the use of Toyota hitch/bracket for your vehicle. For details, contact your Toyota dealer. l Use only a hitch that conforms to the gross trailer weight require-

If you wish to install a trailer hitch, contact your Toyota dealer.

ment of your vehicle.

l Follow the directions supplied by the hitch manufacturer. l Lubricate the hitch ball with a light coating of grease. l Remove the trailer hitch whenever you are not towing a trailer. After removing the hitch, seal any mounting hole in the vehicle body to prevent entry of any substances into the vehicle.

Bumper towing (vehicles with steel bumper only)

The rear bumper of your vehicle is equipped with a hole to install a trailer ball. If you have any questions, contact your Toyota dealer.

The gross trailer weight (trailer weight plus cargo weight) when towing with the bumper must never exceed the TWR (→P. 218, 487) or 3500 lb. (1587 kg) which- ever is lower.

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2-5. Driving information

Selecting trailer ball

Use the correct trailer ball for your application.

Trailer ball load rating Matches or exceeds the gross trailer weight rating of the trailer. Ball diameter Matches the size of the trailer coupler. Most couplers are stamped with the required trailer ball size.

Trailer class

Typical trailer ball size

IV

2 5/16 in.

II and III

2 in.

1 7/8 in.

Shank length Protrudes beyond the bottom of the lock washer and nut by at least 2 threads. Shank diameter Matches diameter size.

the ball mount hole

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2-5. Driving information

Positions for towing hitch receiver and hitch ball

Weight carrying ball position: 56.1 in. (1425 mm) Hitch receiver pin hole posi- tion: 44.2 in. (1123 mm)

Connecting trailer lights

Use the wire harness stored in the rear end under the vehicle body.

n Service connector for towing brake controller

Your vehicle is equipped with a service connector for the trailer brake controller as shown.

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2-5. Driving information

Trailer towing tips

Your vehicle will handle differently when towing a trailer. Help to avoid an accident, death or serious injury, keep the following in mind when towing: l Speed limits for towing a trailer vary by state or province. Do not

exceed the posted towing speed limit.

l Toyota recommends that the vehicle-trailer speed limit is 65 mph (104 km/h) on a flat, straight, dry road. Do not exceed this limit, the posted towing speed limit or the speed limit for your trailer as set forth in your trailer owner’s manual, whichever is lowest. Instability of the towing vehicle-trailer combination (trailer sway) increases as speed increases. Exceeding speed limits may cause loss of con- trol.

l Before starting out, check the trailer lights, tires and the vehicle-

trailer connections. Recheck after driving a short distance.

l Practice turning, stopping and reversing with the trailer attached in an area away from traffic until you become accustomed to the feel of the vehicle-trailer combination.

l Reversing with a trailer attached is difficult and requires practice. Grip the bottom of the steering wheel and move your hand to the left to move the trailer to the left. Move your hand to the right to move the trailer to the right. (This is generally opposite to reversing without a trailer attached.) Avoid sharp or prolonged turning. Have someone guide you when reversing to reduce the risk of an acci- dent.

l As stopping distance is increased when towing a trailer, vehicle-to- vehicle distance should be increased. For each 10 mph (16 km/h) of speed, allow at least one vehicle and trailer length.

l Avoid sudden braking as you may skid, resulting in the trailer jack- knifing and a loss of vehicle control. This is especially true on wet or slippery surfaces.

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2-5. Driving information

l Avoid jerky starts or sudden acceleration. l Avoid jerky steering and sharp turns, and slow down before mak-

ing a turn.

l Note that when making a turn, the trailer wheels will be closer than the vehicle wheels to the inside of the turn. Compensate by making a wider than normal turning radius.

l Slow down before making a turn, in cross winds, on wet or slippery

surfaces, etc. Increasing vehicle speed can destabilize the trailer.

l Take care when passing other vehicles. Passing requires consider- able distance. After passing a vehicle, do not forget the length of your trailer, and be sure you have plenty of room before changing lanes.

l To maintain engine braking efficiency and charging system perfor- mance when using engine braking, do not use fifth gear (5-speed manual transmission), sixth gear (6-speed manual transmission), or do not put the transmission in D (automatic transmission). Instability happens more frequently when descending steep or long downhill grades. Before descending, slow down and downshift. Do not make sudden downshifts while descending steep or long down- hill grades.

l Avoid holding the brake pedal down too long or applying the brakes too frequently. This could cause the brakes to overheat and result in reduced braking efficiency.

l Due to the added load of the trailer, your vehicle’s engine may overheat on hot days (at temperatures over 85°F [30°C]) when driving up a long or steep grade. If the engine coolant temperature gauge indicates overheating, immediately turn off the air condition- ing (if in use), pull your vehicle off the road and stop in a safe spot. (→P. 475)

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2-5. Driving information

l Always place wheel blocks under both the vehicle’s and the trailer’s wheels when parking. Apply the parking brake firmly, and put the transmission in P (automatic transmission) or in 1 or R (manual transmission). Avoid parking on a slope, but if unavoid- able, do so only after performing the following: Apply the brakes and keep them applied. Have someone place wheel blocks under both the vehicle’s and trailer’s wheels. When the wheel blocks are in place, release the brakes slowly until the blocks absorb the load. Apply the parking brake firmly. Shift into 1 or R (manual transmission) or P (automatic trans- mission) and turn off the engine.

l When restarting after parking on a slope:

With the transmission in P (automatic transmission) or the clutch pedal (manual transmission) depressed, start the engine. On vehicles with an automatic transmission, be sure to keep the brake pedal depressed. Shift into a forward gear. If reversing, shift into R. Release the parking brake (and also the brake pedal on vehi- cles with an automatic transmission), and slowly pull or back away from the wheel blocks. Stop and apply the brakes. Have someone retrieve the blocks.

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2-5. Driving information

n Matching trailer ball height to trailer coupler height

No matter which class of tow hitch applies, for a more safe trailer hookup, the trailer ball setup must be the proper height for the coupler on the trailer.

Coupler Trailer ball

n Before towing

Check that the following conditions are met: l Ensure that your vehicle’s tires are properly inflated. (→P. 500) l Trailer tires are inflated according to the trailer manufacturer’s recom-

mendation.

l All trailer lights work as required by law. l All lights work each time you connect them. l The trailer ball is set at the proper height for the coupler on the trailer. l The vehicle remains level when a loaded or unloaded trailer is hitched. Do not drive if the vehicle is not level, and check for improper tongue weight, overloading, worn suspension, or other possible causes.

l The trailer cargo is securely loaded. l The rear view mirrors conform to all applicable federal, state/provincial or local regulations. If they do not, install rear view mirrors appropriate for towing purposes.

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2-5. Driving information

n Break-in schedule

If your vehicle is new or equipped with any new power train components (such as an engine, transmission, differential or wheel bearing), Toyota rec- ommends that you do not tow a trailer until the vehicle has been driven for over 500 miles (800 km). After the vehicle has been driven for over 500 miles (800 km), you can start towing. However, for the next 500 miles (800 km), drive the vehicle at a speed of less than 50 mph (80 km/h) when towing a trailer, and avoid full throttle acceleration.

n Maintenance

If you tow a trailer, your vehicle will require more frequent maintenance due to the additional load. (See “Owner’s Warranty Information Booklet” or “Scheduled Maintenance Guide/Owner’s Manual Supplement”.)

l Retighten the fixing bolts of the towing ball and bracket after approxi-

mately 600 miles (1000 km) of trailer towing.

n If trailer sway occurs

One or more factors (crosswinds, passing vehicles, rough roads, etc.) can adversely affect handling of your vehicle and trailer, causing instability.

If trailer swaying occurs: • Firmly grip the steering wheel. Steer straight ahead.

Do not try to control trailer swaying by turning the steering wheel.

• Begin releasing the accelerator pedal immediately but very gradually to

reduce speed. Do not increase speed. Do not apply vehicle brakes.

If you make no extreme correction with the steering or brakes, your vehicle and trailer should stabilize. l After the trailer swaying has stopped:

• Stop in a safe place. Get all occupants out of the vehicle. • Check the tires of the vehicle and the trailer. • Check the load in the trailer.

Make sure the load has not shifted. Make sure the tongue weight is appropriate, if possible.

• Check the load in the vehicle.

Make sure the vehicle is not overloaded after occupants get in.

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2

2-5. Driving information

If you cannot find any problems, the speed at which trailer swaying occurred is beyond the limit of your particular vehicle-trailer combination. Drive at a lower speed to prevent instability. Remember that swaying of the towing vehicle-trailer increases as speed increases.

CAUTION

n Trailer towing precautions

To tow a trailer safely, use extreme care and drive the vehicle in accordance with the trailer’s characteristics and operating conditions. Failure to do so could cause an accident resulting in death or serious injury. Vehicle stability and braking performance are affected by trailer stability, brake setting and performance, and the hitch. Your vehicle will handle differently when towing a trailer.

n To avoid accident or injury

l Do not exceed the TWR, unbraked TWR, GCWR, GVWR or GAWR.

If the gross trailer weight is over 2000 lb. (907 kg), a sway control device with sufficient capacity is required. If the gross trailer weight is over 5000 lb. (2268 kg), a weight distributing hitch with sufficient capacity is required.

l Adjust the tongue weight within the appropriate range. Place heavier loads

as close to the trailer axle as possible.

l Do not exceed 65 mph (104 km/h), the posted towing speed limit or the speed limit for your trailer as set forth in your trailer owner’s manual, whichever is lowest. Slow down sufficiently before making a turn, in cross winds, on wet or slippery surface, etc. to help avoid an accident. If you experience a vehicle-trailer instability from reducing a certain speed, slow down and make sure you keep your vehicle speed under the speed of which you experience the instability.

l Do not make jerky, abrupt or sharp turns. l Do not apply the brakes suddenly as you may skid, resulting in jackknifing and loss of vehicle control. This is especially true on wet or slippery sur- faces.

l Do not exceed the trailer hitch assembly weight, gross vehicle weight,

gross axle weight and trailer tongue weight capacities.

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2-5. Driving information

CAUTION

n To avoid accident or injury

l Do not use cruise control when towing. l Slow down and downshift before descending steep or long downhill grades. Do not make sudden downshifts while descending steep or long downhill grades.

l Vehicle-trailer instability is more likely on steep long downhills. Before descending steep or long downhill grades, slow down and downshift. Do not make sudden downshifts when descending steep or long downhill grades. Avoid holding the brake pedal down too long or applying the brakes too frequently. This could cause the brakes to overheat and result in reduced braking efficiency.

n Hitch

Trailer hitch assemblies have different weight capacities established by the hitch manufacturer. Even though the vehicle may be physically capable of towing a higher weight, the operator must determine the maximum weight rating of the particular hitch assembly and never exceed the maximum weight rating specified for the trailer-hitch. Exceeding the maximum weight rating set by the trailer-hitch manufacturer can cause an accident resulting in death or serious personal injuries.

n When towing a trailer

Toyota recommends trailers with brakes that conform to any applicable fed- eral and state/provincial regulations.

If the gross trailer weight exceeds unbraked TWR, trailer brakes are required. Toyota recommends trailers with brakes that conform to all appli- cable federal and state/provincial regulations.

l Never tap into your vehicle’s hydraulic system, as this will lower the vehi-

cle’s braking effectiveness.

l Never tow a trailer without using a safety chain securely attached to both the trailer and the vehicle. If damage occurs to the coupling unit or hitch ball, there is danger of the trailer wandering into another lane.

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2-5. Driving information

NOTICE

n When installing a trailer hitch

Use only the position recommended by your Toyota dealer. Do not install the trailer hitch on the bumper; this may cause body damage.

n Do not directly splice trailer lights

Do not directly splice trailer lights. Directly splicing trailer lights may damage your vehicle’s electrical system and cause a malfunction.

233

2-5. Driving information Dinghy towing

Your vehicle is not designed to be dinghy towed (with 4 wheels on the ground) behind a motor home.

NOTICE

n To avoid serious damage to your vehicle

Do not tow your vehicle with four wheels on the ground.

234

3-1. Using the air conditioning system and defogger Air conditioning system

Type A

Temperature control dial

Fan speed control dial

Air outlet selection dial

Outside air or recirculated air mode switch

Type B

Temperature control dial

Fan speed control dial

Air outlet selection dial

Air conditioning ON/OFF switch

Outside air or recirculated air mode switch

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3-1. Using the air conditioning system and defogger

Adjusting the settings

n Adjusting the temperature setting (Type A)

Turn the temperature control dial clockwise to increase the temper- ature.

n Adjusting the temperature setting (Type B)

Turn the temperature control dial clockwise (warm) or counter- clockwise (cool).

is not pressed, the system will blow ambient temperature air or

If heated air. For quick cooling, turn the temperature control dial to the MAX A/C posi- tion. The air conditioning will automatically turn on and the air intake selector will be set to recirculated air mode.

n Adjusting the fan speed

Turn the fan speed control dial clockwise (increase) or counter- clockwise (decrease). Set the dial to OFF to turn the fan off.

n Selecting the air outlets

Set the air outlet selection dial to an appropriate position. The positions between the air outlet selections shown below can also be selected for more detailed adjustment.

When the dial is set to flows to the upper body.

, air

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3-1. Using the air conditioning system and defogger

When the dial is set to , air flows to the upper body and feet.

Double Cab models only

When the dial is set to flows to the feet.

, air

Double Cab models only

Double Cab models only

When the dial is set to , air flows to the feet and the wind- shield defogger operates.

The air intake selector is automat- ically set to outside air mode. To return

the recirculated air

mode, press

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3-1. Using the air conditioning system and defogger

When the dial is set to , air flows to the windshield and side windows.

The air intake selector is automat- ically set to outside air mode. In this position, the air intake selector cannot be changed to the recirculated air mode.

n Switching between outside air and recirculated air modes

Press

The mode switches between

(outside air mode) and

(recirculated air mode) each time the switch is pressed.

n If the ambient temperature drops while using the recirculated

air mode The air intake mode automatically changes from recirculated air mode to outside air mode after a few minutes. To cancel this function:

Press and hold

for longer than 2 seconds.

To reactivate this function: Turn the engine switch to the LOCK or ACC position.

239

3-1. Using the air conditioning system and defogger

Adjusting the position of the air outlets

Center outlets

Direct air flow to the left or right, up or down.

240

3-1. Using the air conditioning system and defogger

Right and left side outlets

Direct air flow to the left or right, up or down.

Opening and closing the air outlets

Center outlets

Open the vent. Close the vent.

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3-1. Using the air conditioning system and defogger

Right and left side outlets

Open the vent. Close the vent.

n For quick clearing of the windshield and side windows (type B only)

Press

to turn the air conditioning on.

n Using the system in recirculated air mode

The windows will fog up more easily if the recirculated air mode is used for an extended period.

n When outside air temperature approaches 32°F (0°C) (type B only)

The air conditioning system may not operate even when

is pressed.

n When

is selected for the air outlets used

For your driving comfort, air flowing to the feet may be warmer than air flow- ing to the upper body depending on the position of the temperature adjust- ment dial.

n Air conditioning odors

l During use, various odors from inside and outside the vehicle may enter into and accumulate in the air conditioning system. This may then cause odor to be emitted from the vents.

l To reduce potential odors from occurring:

It is recommended that the air conditioning system be set to outside air mode prior to turning the vehicle off.

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3-1. Using the air conditioning system and defogger

CAUTION

n To prevent the windshield from fogging up

Do not set the air outlet selection dial to during cool air operation in extremely humid weather. The difference between the temperature of the outside air and that of the windshield can cause the outer surface of the windshield to fog up, blocking your vision.

NOTICE

n To prevent battery discharge

Do not leave the air conditioning system on longer than necessary when the engine is stopped.

243

3-2. Using the audio system Audio system types

Type A: CD player with CD changer controller and AM/FM radio Type B: CD player with changer and AM/FM radio

Type A

Type B

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3-2. Using the audio system

Title

Using the radio Using the CD player Playing back MP3 and WMA discs Optimal use of the audio system Operating the sub woofer Using the AUX port Using the steering wheel audio switches

Page P. 247
P. 253
P. 259
P. 267
P. 270
P. 271
P. 273

n Using cellular phones

Interference may be heard through the audio system’s speakers if a cellular phone is being used inside or close to the vehicle while the audio system is operating.

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3-2. Using the audio system

CAUTION

n For vehicles sold in U.S.A. and Canada

l Part 15 of the FCC Rules

FCC Warning: Any unauthorized changes or modifications to this equipment will void the user’s authority to operate this device.

l Laser products

• Do not take this unit apart or attempt to make any changes yourself.

This is an intricate unit that uses a laser pickup to retrieve information from the surface of compact discs. The laser is carefully shielded so that its rays remain inside the cabinet. Therefore, never try to disas- semble the player or alter any of its parts since you may be exposed to laser rays and dangerous voltages.

• This product utilizes a laser.

Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than those specified herein may result in hazardous radiation expo- sure.

NOTICE

n To prevent battery discharge

Do not leave the audio system on longer than necessary with the engine off.

n To avoid damaging the audio system

Take care not to spill drinks or other fluids over the audio system.

246

3-2. Using the audio system Using the radio

Power

Volume

Station selector

Adjusting the frequency

Scanning for receivable stations

Seeking the frequency

AM/FM mode buttons

Setting station presets (excluding XM® Satellite Radio)