2009 Toyota RAV4 Owners Manual

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2-3. Operating the lights and wipers Fog light switch∗

The fog lights improve visibility in difficult driving conditions, such as in rain or fog. They can be turned on only when the headlights are on low beam.

Off Front fog lights on

∗: If equipped

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2-3. Operating the lights and wipers Windshield wipers and washer

Wiper intervals can be adjusted for intermittent operation.

windshield

Intermittent wiper operation Low speed windshield wiper operation High wiper operation Temporary operation

speed windshield

the

intermittent Increases windshield wiper frequency Decreases the intermittent windshield wiper frequency

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2-3. Operating the lights and wipers

Wash/wipe operation

Wipers operate automatically.

n The windshield wipers and washer can be operated when

Vehicles without smart key system

The engine switch is in the “ON” position.

Vehicles with smart key system

The “ENGINE START STOP” switch is in IGNITION ON mode.

n If no windshield washer fluid sprays

Check that the washer nozzles are not blocked and if there is washer fluid in the windshield washer fluid reservoir.

NOTICE

n When the windshield is dry

Do not use the wipers, as they may damage the windshield.

n When there is no washer fluid spray from the nozzle

Damage to the washer fluid pump may be caused if the lever is pulled toward you and held continually.

n When a nozzle is blocked

Do not try to clear it with a pin or other object. The nozzle will be damaged.

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2-3. Operating the lights and wipers Rear window wiper and washer

Intermittent window wiper operation Normal window wiper oper- ation Washer/wiper dual opera- tion Washer/wiper dual opera- tion

n The rear window wiper and washer can be operated when

Vehicles without smart key system

The engine switch is in the “ON” position.

Vehicles with smart key system

The “ENGINE START STOP” switch is in IGNITION ON mode.

NOTICE

n When the rear window is dry

Do not use the wipers, as they may damage the rear window.

n When a nozzle is blocked

Do not try to clear it with a pin or other object. The nozzle will be damaged.

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2-4. Using other driving systems Cruise control

Use cruise control to maintain a set speed without using the acceler- ator.

Indicator Cruise control switch

n Setting the vehicle speed

STEP 1

Turn the “ON-OFF” button on. Press the button once more to deactivate the cruise control.

STEP 2

Accelerate or decelerate to the desired speed and push the lever down to set the cruise control speed.

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n Adjusting the speed setting

2-4. Using other driving systems

Increase speed Decrease speed Hold the lever until the desired speed setting is obtained. Fine adjustment of the set speed can be made by lightly pushing the lever up or down and releasing it.

n Canceling and resuming regular acceleration

Cancel Push the lever towards you to cancel cruise control. The speed setting is also can- celed when the brakes are applied. Resume To resume cruise control and return to the set speed, push the lever up.

n Cruise control can be set when

l The shift lever is in D or 3 (4-speed models), or D or 4 (5-speed models). l Vehicle speed is above approximately 25 mph (40 km/h). Within the limits of the engine’s capabilities, cruising speed can be maintained up or down grades.

n Accelerating

The vehicle can be accelerated normally. After acceleration, the set speed resumes.

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2-4. Using other driving systems

n Coast braking function

l Holding the lever down to decrease the set speed activates the brake

system automatically, decelerating the vehicle quickly. While the brake system is operating, the stop lights and high mounted stoplight will turn on.

l A sound may be heard from the engine compartment during the opera- tion of the brake system. The sound means the brake system is operat- ing and it does not indicate a malfunction.

n Automatic cruise control cancellation

The set speed is automatically cancelled in any of the following situations. l Actual vehicle speed falls more than 10 mph (16 km/h) below the preset

vehicle speed. At this time, the memorized set speed is not retained.

l Actual vehicle speed is below 25 mph (40 km/h). l Enhanced VSC is activated.

n If the cruise control indicator light flashes

Turn the “ON-OFF” button off once, and then reactivate the system. If the cruise control speed cannot be set or if the cruise control cancels immediately after being activated, there may be a malfunction in the cruise control system. Contact your Toyota dealer and have your Toyota inspected.

CAUTION

n To avoid operating the cruise control by mistake

Keep the “ON-OFF” button off when not in use.

n Situations unsuitable for cruise control

In heavy traffic

Do not use cruise control in any of the following situations. Doing so may result in control of the vehicle being lost and could cause an accident resulting in death or serious injury. l On roads with sharp bends l On winding roads l On slippery roads, such as those covered with rain, ice or snow l On steep hills

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2-4. Using other driving systems Rear view monitor system (vehicles with auto anti-glare inside rear view mirror)

The rear view monitor system assists the driver by displaying an image of the area behind the vehicle. The image is displayed in reverse on the screen. This reversed image is a similar image to the one on the inside rear view mirror.

The rear view image is dis- played when the shift lever is in the R position.

If the shift lever is shifted out of R, the screen is turned off.

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2-4. Using other driving systems

n Displayed area

Vehicles without spare tire

The area covered by the camera is lim- ited. Objects that are close to either corner of the bumper or under the bumper cannot be seen on the screen. The area displayed on the screen may vary according to vehicle orientation or road conditions.

Corners of bumper

Vehicles with spare tire

Spare tire

Corners of bumper

The area covered by the camera is lim- ited. Objects that are close to either corner of the bumper or under the bumper cannot be seen on the screen. The area displayed on the screen may vary according to vehicle orientation or road conditions. The area displayed on the screen is reduced because the spare tire partially blocks the field of view of the camera. Also, tire extends past the rear bumper.

the rear mounted spare

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2-4. Using other driving systems

n Rear view monitor system camera

Vehicles without spare tire

In the following cases, it may become difficult to see the images on the screen, even when the system is func- tioning correctly. l The vehicle is in a dark area, such

as at night.

l The temperature near the lens is

extremely high or low.

l Water droplets are on the camera lens or humidity is high, such as when it rains.

l Foreign matter, such as snow or

mud, adheres to the camera lens.

l The sun or headlights are shining

directly into the camera lens.

In the following cases, it may become difficult to see the images on the screen, even when the system is func- tioning correctly. l The vehicle is in a dark area, such

as at night.

l The temperature near the lens is

extremely high or low.

l Water droplets are on the camera lens or humidity is high, such as when it rains.

l Foreign matter, such as snow or

mud, adheres to the camera lens.

l The sun or headlights are shining

directly into the camera lens.

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2-4. Using other driving systems

n Smear effect

If a bright light, such as sunlight reflected off the vehicle body, is picked up by the camera, a smear effect* char- acteristic to the camera may occur. *: Smear effect: A phenomenon that occurs when a bright light is picked up by the camera; when transmitted by light source appears to have a vertical streak above and below it.

the camera,

the

n The rear view monitor system can be used when

Vehicles without smart key system

The engine switch is in the “ON” position, the back door is closed and the shift lever is in R.

Vehicles with smart key system

The “ENGINE START STOP” switch is in IGNITION ON mode, the back door is closed and the shift lever is in R.

n To turn off the rear view monitor display

Press the “AUTO” switch. The indicator turns amber. Pressing the “AUTO” switch again turns the display back on. In the following situations, the display will be re-enabled if it has been turned off.

Vehicles without smart key system

The engine switch is turned to the “ON” position.

Vehicles with smart key system

The “ENGINE START STOP” switch is turned to IGNITION ON mode.

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2-4. Using other driving systems

CAUTION

n When using the rear view monitor system

Observe the following precautions to avoid an accident that could result in death or serious injuries. l Never depend solely on the monitor system when reversing. l Always check visually and with the mirrors to confirm your intended path is

clear.

l Depicted distances between objects and flat surfaces differ from actual

distances.

l Vehicles with spare tire: The spare tire is the rear-most edge of the vehicle extending past the rear bumper. Take care not to hit any obstacles with the spare tire while reversing.

n Conditions which may affect the rear view monitor system

If the back of the vehicle has been hit, the camera’s position and mounting angle may have changed. Have the vehicle inspected by your Toyota dealer.

l Rapid temperature changes, such as when hot water is poured on the

vehicle in cold weather, may cause the system to function abnormally. If the camera lens is dirty, it cannot transmit a clear image. Rinse with water and wipe with a soft cloth. If the camera lens is extremely dirty, wash with a mild cleanser and rinse.

l The displayed image may be darker and moving images may be slightly

distorted when the system is cold.

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2-4. Using other driving systems Driving assist systems

To help enhance driving safety and performance, the following sys- tems operate automatically in response to various driving situations. Be aware, however, that these systems are supplementary and should not be relied upon too heavily when operating the vehicle. n ABS (Anti-lock Brake System)

Helps to prevent wheel lock when the brakes are applied suddenly, or if the brakes are applied while driving on a slippery road surface.

n Brake assist

Generates an increased level of braking force after the brake pedal is depressed, when the system detects a panic stop situation.

n Enhanced VSC (Enhanced Vehicle Stability Control)

Helps the driver to control skidding when swerving suddenly or turning on slippery road surfaces.

n TRAC (Traction Control)

Maintains drive power and prevents the drive wheels from spinning when starting the vehicle or accelerating on slippery roads.

n AUTO LSD function (2WD models)

The AUTO LSD function is activated when the system is in TRAC off mode. It operates when one of the drive wheels is spinning, such as when the wheel is spinning freely on ice or mud. The system applies the brakes to the spinning wheel and transfers some of the torque to the other wheel to secure drive power.

n Active torque control 4WD system (4WD models)

Automatically switches from front-wheel drive to four-wheel drive (4WD) according to the driving conditions, helping to ensure reliable handling and stability. Examples of conditions where the system will switch to 4WD are when cornering, going uphill, starting off or acceler- ating, and when the road surface is slippery due to snow, rain, etc.

n EPS (Electric Power Steering)

Employs an electric motor to reduce the amount of effort needed to turn the steering wheel.

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2-4. Using other driving systems

n Hill-start assist control (if equipped)

(→P. 187)

n Downhill assist control system (if equipped)

(→P. 189)

When the Enhanced VSC/TRAC are operating

If the vehicle is in danger of slip- ping or if spins, the slip indicator light flashes to indicate that the Enhanced VSC/TRAC systems are operating.

A buzzer (intermittent) sounds to indicate that Enhanced VSC is operating.

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2-4. Using other driving systems

To disable TRAC and/or Enhanced VSC (2WD models)

If the vehicle gets stuck in fresh snow or mud, TRAC and Enhanced VSC may reduce power from the engine to the wheels. You may need to turn the system off to enable you to rock the vehicle in order to free it. The AUTO LSD function is activated when the system is in TRAC off mode. n Turning off TRAC

Quickly push and release the button to turn off TRAC.

The “AUTO LSD” and VSC OFF indicator lights should come on. While the AUTO LSD function is operating the slip indicator light flashes. Push the button again to turn the system back on.

n Turning off TRAC and Enhanced VSC

Push and hold the button while the vehicle is stopped to turn off TRAC and Enhanced VSC. indicator

The VSC OFF should come on. Push the button again to turn the system back on.

light

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2-4. Using other driving systems

To disable TRAC and/or Enhanced VSC (4WD models)

If the vehicle gets stuck in fresh snow or mud, TRAC and Enhanced VSC may reduce power from the engine to the wheels. You may need to turn the system off to enable you to rock the vehicle in order to free it. n Turning off TRAC

Quickly push and release the button to turn off TRAC.

The “TRAC OFF” indicator light should come on. Push the button again to turn the system back on.

n Turning off TRAC and Enhanced VSC

Push and hold the button while the vehicle is stopped to turn off TRAC and Enhanced VSC.

The “TRAC OFF” and VSC OFF indicator lights should come on. Push the button again to turn the system back on.

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2-4. Using other driving systems

n Automatic reactivation of TRAC and Enhanced VSC

Vehicles without smart key system

Turning the engine switch OFF after turning off the TRAC and Enhanced VSC systems will automatically re-enable them.

Vehicles with smart key system

Turning the “ENGINE START STOP” switch OFF after turning off the TRAC and Enhanced VSC systems will automatically re-enable them.

n Automatic TRAC reactivation

2WD models

If only the TRAC system is turned off, the TRAC system will be reactivated while vehicle speed is increased.

4WD models

If only the TRAC system is turned off, the TRAC system will turn on when vehicle speed increases.

n Automatic TRAC and Enhanced VSC reactivation

If the TRAC and Enhanced VSC systems are turned off, the systems will not turn on even when vehicle speed increases.

n Sounds and vibrations caused by the ABS, TRAC and Enhanced VSC l A sound may be heard from the engine compartment when the engine is started or just after the vehicle begins to move. This sound does not indi- cate that a malfunction has occurred in any of these systems.

l Any of the following conditions may occur when the above systems are

operating. None of these indicates that a malfunction has occurred. • Vibrations may be felt through the vehicle body and steering. • A motor sound may be heard after the vehicle comes to a stop. • The brake pedal may pulsate slightly when the ABS is activated. • The brake pedal may move down slightly after the ABS is activated.

n When the AUTO LSD function operates continuously

The brake actuator may overheat. In that case, the system will stop the AUTO LSD function, a buzzer will sound and the slip indicator will stay on steady. Refrain from using the AUTO LSD function until the slip indicator goes off. (There is no problem with continuing driving normally.)

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2-4. Using other driving systems

n EPS operation sound

When the steering wheel operates, a motor sound (whirring sound) may be heard. This does not indicate a malfunction.

n Reduced effectiveness of EPS

The effectiveness of EPS is reduced to prevent the system from overheating when there is frequent steering input over an extended period of time. The steering wheel may feel heavy as a result. Should this occur, refrain from excessive steering input or stop the vehicle and turn the engine off. The sys- tem should return to normal within 10 minutes.

n If the slip indicator comes on

It may indicate a malfunction in the Enhanced VSC, TRAC and AUTO LSD function. Contact your Toyota dealer.

CAUTION

n The ABS does not operate effectively when

l Tires with inadequate gripping ability are used (such as excessively worn

tires on a snow covered road).

l The vehicle hydroplanes while driving at high speed on wet or slick road. n Stopping distance when the ABS is operating on the wet or slick roads The ABS is not designed to shorten the vehicle's stopping distance. Always maintain a safe distance from the vehicle in front of you in the following situ- ations. l When driving on dirt, gravel or snow-covered roads l When driving with tire chains l When driving over bumps in the road l When driving over roads with potholes or uneven roads

n TRAC may not operate effectively when

Directional control and power may not be achievable while driving on slip- pery road surfaces, even if the TRAC system is operating. Do not drive the vehicle in conditions where stability and power may be lost.

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2-4. Using other driving systems

CAUTION

n When the Enhanced VSC is activated

The slip indicator flashes and a warning buzzer sounds. Always drive care- fully. Reckless driving may cause an accident. Exercise particular care when the indicator light flashes and a buzzer sounds.

n When TRAC and Enhanced VSC are off

Be especially careful and drive at a speed appropriate to the road condi- tions. As these are systems to ensure vehicle stability and driving force, do not turn off TRAC and Enhanced VSC unless necessary.

n Replacing tires

Make sure that all tires are of the same size, brand, tread pattern and total load capacity. In addition, make sure that the tires are inflated to the appro- priate tire pressure level. The ABS and Enhanced VSC systems will not function correctly if different tires are fitted on the vehicle. Contact your Toyota dealer for further information when replacing tires or wheels.

n Handling of tires and suspension

Using tires with any kind of problem or modifying the suspension will affect the driving assist systems, and may cause the system to malfunction.

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2-4. Using other driving systems Hill-start assist control∗

Hill-start assist control helps to prevent the vehicle from rolling backwards when starting on an incline or slippery slope.

To engage hill-start assist con- trol, further depress the brake pedal when is stopped completely.

the vehicle

A buzzer will sound once to indicate the system is acti- vated. The slip indicator will also start flashing.

n Hill-start assist control operating conditions

• The shift lever is in a position other than P. • The parking brake is not applied. • The accelerator pedal is not depressed.

n Hill-start assist control

l While hill-start assist control is operating, the brakes remain automati- cally applied after the driver releases the brake pedal. The stop lights and the high mounted stoplight turn on.

l Hill-start assist control operates for about 2 seconds after the brake pedal

is released. If the slip indicator does not flash and the buzzer does not sound when the brake pedal is further depressed, slightly reduce the pressure on the brake pedal (do not allow the vehicle to roll backward) and then firmly depress it again. If the system still does not operate, check if the operat- ing conditions explained above have been met.

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2-4. Using other driving systems

n Hill-start assist control buzzer

l When hill-start assist control is activated, the buzzer will sound once

when the shift lever is in a position other than R. In the following situations, hill-start assist control will be canceled and the buzzer will sound twice when the shift lever is in a position other than R. • No attempt is made to drive the vehicle within approximately 2 seconds

of releasing the brake pedal. • The shift lever is moved to P. • The parking brake is applied. • The brake pedal is depressed again.

l When the shift lever is in R, the buzzer indicating the start and end of the operation does not sound. Use the slip indicator status (flashing or off) to confirm if hill-start assist control is operating.

n If the slip indicator comes on

It may indicate a malfunction in the system. Contact your Toyota dealer.

CAUTION

n Hill-start assist control

l Hill-start assist control may not operate effectively on extremely steep

inclines or roads covered in ice.

l Do not use hill-start assist control to stop or park the vehicle on an incline.

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2-4. Using other driving systems Downhill assist control system∗

With the downhill assist control system, the vehicle is able to descend a steep hill while maintaining a constant low speed of about 3 mph (5 km/h) without brake pedal operation. n Activating the downhill assist control system

Press the “DAC” switch.

The downhill assist control sys- tem indicator will come on to indicate that the downhill assist control system is activated. Pressing the switch again turns the system off.

While the downhill assist control system is operating

The slip indicator will flash to indicate that the downhill assist control system is operating, and the stop lights and high mounted stoplight will turn on.

∗: If equipped 189

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2-4. Using other driving systems

n Conditions in which the downhill assist control system does not oper-

ate or will stop operating

In the following situations, the downhill assist control system indicator flashes and the downhill assist control system does not operate or will stop operating: • The shift lever is not in L or R. • The vehicle speed is higher than 15 mph (25 km/h). If the accelerate or brake pedal is depressed, the downhill assist control system will stop operating with the downhill assist control system indica- tor stayed on.

n If the “DAC” switch is turned off while the downhill assist control sys-

tem is operating The downhill assist control system gradually ceases operation. The downhill assist control system indicator will flash during the canceling operation, and then go off when the system is fully off.

n Downhill assist control system operation sound

l A sound may be heard from the engine compartment while the downhill assist control system is operating. This sound does not indicate a mal- function. If the accelerator or brake pedal is depressed while the downhill assist control system is operating, a sound caused by the release of system operation may be heard, or you may feel the brake pedal push-back. This does not indicate a malfunction.

n When the downhill assist control system operates continuously

The brake actuator may overheat. In that case, the downhill assist control system will stop operating, a buzzer will sound and the downhill assist con- trol system indicator will start flashing. Refrain from using the system until the downhill assist control system indicator stays on. (There is no problem with continuing driving normally.) n If the slip indicator comes on

It may indicate a malfunction in the system. Contact your Toyota dealer.

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2-4. Using other driving systems

CAUTION

n Conditions which may affect the downhill assist control system opera-

tion l Do not rely too heavily on the downhill assist control system. On extremely steep inclines, icy surfaces or muddy roads, the vehicle may slip and the system may not be able to maintain the constant low vehicle speed of about 3 mph (5 km/h), leading to an accident causing death or serious injury.

l Do not shift the shift lever to R while driving forward, or to D while driving backward. Doing so may cause the wheels to lock up, leading to an acci- dent causing death or serious injury. In addition, excessive stress will be applied to the automatic transmission, possibly resulting in damage.

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2-4. Using other driving systems Four-wheel drive lock switch (4WD models)

Four-wheel drive lock mode can be used when a large amount of drive power needs to be applied to all the wheels, such as when the vehicle gets stuck in mud and you need to free it.

Press the switch.

The torque of the engine is dis- tributed to the rear wheels to the maximum extent possible in accordance with driving con- ditions. Pressing the switch again can- cels lock mode and returns the active torque control 4WD system to normal mode. (→P. 180)

four-wheel drive

n Four-wheel drive lock mode can be operated when

Vehicles without smart key system

The engine switch is in the “ON” position.

Vehicles with smart key system

The “ENGINE START STOP” switch is in IGNITION ON mode.

n Four-wheel drive lock mode

l Four-wheel drive lock mode is canceled when the brakes are applied to

ensure the ABS and Enhanced VSC systems operate effectively.

l Four-wheel drive lock mode is canceled when the vehicle speed exceeds

25 mph (40 km/h).

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2-5. Driving information Utility vehicle precautions

This vehicle belongs to the utility vehicle class, which has higher ground clearance and narrower tread in relation to the height of its center of gravity to make it capable of performing in a wide variety of off-road applications.

Off-road vehicle feature

l Specific design characteristics give it a higher center of gravity than ordinary passenger cars. This vehicle design feature causes this type of vehicle to be more likely to rollover. And, utility vehicles have a significantly higher rollover rate than other types of vehi- cles.

l An advantage of the higher ground clearance is a better view of the

road allowing you to anticipate problems. It is not designed for cornering at the same speeds as ordinary passenger cars any more than low-slung sports cars designed to perform satisfactorily under off-road conditions. Therefore, sharp turns at excessive speeds may cause rollover.

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2-5. Driving information

CAUTION

n Off-road vehicle precautions

Always observe the following precautions to minimize the risk of serious per- sonal injury or damage to your vehicle:

In a rollover crash, an unbelted person is significantly more likely to die than a person wearing a seat belt. Therefore, the driver and all passengers should fasten their seat belts whenever the vehicle is moving.

l Avoid sharp turns or abrupt maneuvers, if at all possible.

Failure to operate this vehicle correctly may result in loss of control or vehicle rollover causing death or serious injury.

l Loading cargo on the roof luggage carrier will make the center of the vehi- cle gravity higher. Avoid high speeds, sudden starts, sharp turns, sudden braking or abrupt maneuvers, otherwise it may result in loss of control or vehicle rollover due to failure to operate this vehicle correctly.

l Always slow down in gusty crosswinds. Because of its profile and higher center of gravity, your vehicle is more sensitive to side winds than an ordi- nary passenger car. Slowing down will allow you to have better control.

l Do not drive horizontally across steep slopes. Driving straight up or straight down is preferred. Your vehicle (or any similar off-road vehicle) can tip over sideways much more easily than forward or backward.

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2-5. Driving information

Off-road driving

When driving your vehicle off-road, please observe the following pre- cautions to ensure your driving enjoyment and to help prevent the closure of areas to off-road vehicles. l Drive your vehicle only in areas where off-road vehicles are permit-

ted to travel.

l Respect private property. Get owner’s permission before entering

private property.

l Do not enter areas that are closed. Honor gates, barriers and signs

that restrict travel.

l Stay on established roads. When conditions are wet, driving tech- niques should be changed or travel delayed to prevent damage to roads.

n Additional information for off-road driving

For owners in U.S. mainland, Hawaii and Puerto Rico:

To obtain additional information pertaining to driving your vehicle off-road, consult the following organizations. l State and Local Parks and Recreation Departments l State Motor Vehicle Bureau l Recreational Vehicle Clubs l U.S. Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management

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2-5. Driving information

CAUTION

n Off-road driving precautions

Always observe the following precautions to minimize the risk of death or serious personal injury or damage to your vehicle: l Drive carefully when off the road. Do not take unnecessary risks by driving

in dangerous places.

l Do not grip the steering wheel spokes when driving off-road. A bad bump could jerk the wheel and injure your hands. Keep both hands and espe- cially your thumbs on the outside of the rim.

l Always check your brakes for effectiveness immediately after driving in

sand, mud, water or snow.

l After driving through tall grass, mud, rock, sand, water, etc., check that there is no grass, bush, paper, rags, stone, sand, etc. adhering or trapped on the underbody. Clear off any such matter from the underbody. If the vehicle is used with these materials trapped or adhering to the underbody, a breakdown or fire could occur.

l When driving off-road or in rugged terrain, do not drive at excessive speeds, jump, make sharp turns, strike objects, etc. This may cause loss of control or vehicle rollover causing death or serious injury. You are also risking expensive damage to your vehicle’s suspension and chassis.

NOTICE

n To prevent the water damage

Take all necessary safety measures to ensure that water damage to the engine or other components does not occur. l Water entering the engine air intake will cause severe engine damage. l Water entering the automatic transmission will cause deterioration in shift quality, locking up of your transmission accompanied by vibration, and ulti- mately damage.

l Water can wash the grease from wheel bearings, causing rusting and pre- mature failure, and may also enter the differentials, transmission and transfer case, reducing the gear oil’s lubricating qualities.

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2-5. Driving information

NOTICE

n When you drive through water

If driving through water, such as when crossing shallow streams, first check the depth of the water and the bottom of the stream for firmness. Drive slowly and avoid deep water.

n Inspection after off-road driving

l Sand and mud that has accumulated around brake discs may affect brak-

ing efficiency and may damage brake system components.

l Always perform a maintenance inspection after each day of off-road driv- ing that has taken you through rough terrain, sand, mud, or water. For scheduled maintenance information, refer to the “Scheduled Maintenance Guide” or “Owner’s Manual Supplement”.

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2-5. Driving information Cargo and luggage

Take notice of the following information about storage precau- tions, cargo capacity and load. l Stow cargo and luggage in the luggage compartment whenever

possible. Be sure all items are secured in place.

l Be careful to keep the vehicle level. Placing the weight as far for-

ward as possible helps maintain vehicle balance.

l For better fuel economy, do not carry unnecessary weight. n Roof luggage carrier (if equipped)

Roof rails Cross rails

Adjusting the cross rail positions

STEP 1

Turn the knobs counterclockwise to release the cross rails.

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STEP 2

2-5. Driving information

Slide the cross rails to the appro- priate position for loading lug- gage and the knobs clockwise to tighten the cross rails securely.

turn

Capacity and distribution

Cargo capacity depends on the total weight of the occupants. (Cargo capacity) = (Total load capacity) - (Total weight of occupants) Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit⎯ (1)Locate the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs.” on your vehicle's placard.

(2)Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that

will be riding in your vehicle.

(3)Subtract the combined weight of the driver and passengers from

XXX kg or XXX lbs.

(4)The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and lug-

gage load capacity. For example, if the “XXX” amount equals 1400 lbs. and there will be five 150 lb. passengers in your vehicle, the amount of available cargo and luggage load capacity is 650 lbs. (1400 - 750 (5 × 150) = 650 lbs.)

(5)Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4.

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2-5. Driving information

(6)If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle. Consult this manual to determine how this reduces the available cargo and luggage load capacity of your vehicle.

Example on your vehicle

Cargo capacity Total load capacity

When 2 people with the combined weight of 366 lb. (166 kg) are riding in your vehicle, the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity will be as follows: Without third seat Total load capacity: 825 lb. (375 kg) 825 lb. - 366 lb. = 459 lb. (375 kg - 166 kg = 209 kg) With third seat Total load capacity: 1155 lb. (525 kg) 1155 lb. - 366 lb. = 789 lb. (525 kg - 166 kg = 359 kg)

In this condition, if 3 more passengers with the combined weight of 388 lb. (176 kg) get on, the available cargo and luggage load will be reduced as follows:

Without third seat 459 lb. - 388 lb. = 71 lb. (209 kg - 176 kg = 33 kg) With third seat 789 lb. - 388 lb. = 401 lb. (359 kg - 176 kg = 183 kg)

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2-5. Driving information

As shown in the above example, if the number of occupants increases, the cargo and luggage load will be reduced by an amount that equals the increased weight due to the additional occupants. In other words, if an increase in the number of occupants causes an excess of the total load capacity (combined weight of occupants plus cargo and luggage load), you must reduce the cargo and luggage on your vehicle.

CAUTION

n Things that must not be carried in the luggage compartment

The following things may cause a fire if loaded in the luggage compart- ment. l Receptacles containing gasoline l Aerosol cans

n Storage precautions

Observe the following precautions. Failing to do so may result in death or serious injury. l Do not place cargo or luggage in or on the following locations as the item may get under the brake or accelerator pedal and prevent the pedals from being depressed properly, block the driver’s vision, or hit the driver or passengers, causing an accident. • Driver’s feet • Front passenger or rear seats (when stacking items) • Luggage cover • Instrument panel • Dashboard • Auxiliary box or tray that has no lid

l Secure all items in the occupant compartment, as they may shift and injure someone during sudden braking, sudden swerving or an acci- dent.

l Never allow anyone to ride in the luggage compartment. It is not designed for passengers. They should ride in their seats with their seat belts properly fastened. Otherwise, they are much more likely to suffer serious bodily injury, in the event of sudden braking, sudden swerving or an accident.

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2-5. Driving information

CAUTION

n Capacity and distribution

l Do not exceed the maximum axle weight rating or the total vehicle

weight rating.

l Even if the total load of occupant's weight and the cargo load is less

than the total load capacity, do not apply the load unevenly. Improper loading may cause deterioration of steering or braking con- trol which may cause death or serious injury.

n Roof luggage carrier precautions

When you load cargo on the roof luggage carrier, observe the following: l Place the cargo so that its weight is distributed evenly between the

front and rear axles. If loading long or wide cargo, never exceed the vehicle overall length or width. (→P. 466)

l Before driving, make sure the cargo is securely fastened on the roof

luggage carrier.

l Loading cargo on the roof luggage carrier will make the center of the vehicle gravity higher. Avoid high speeds, sudden starts, sharp turns, sudden braking or abrupt maneuvers, otherwise it may result in loss of control or vehicle rollover due to failure to operate this vehicle correctly and result in death or serious injury. If driving for a long distance, on rough roads, or at high speeds, stop the vehicle now and then during the trip to make sure the cargo remains in its place.

l Do not exceed 102.6 lb. (46.2 kg) cargo weight on the roof luggage

carrier.

n Cross rail adjustment

Make sure the cross rails are locked securely by pushing forward and rearward them. Failure to do so may cause an unexpected accident or severe injury in the event of emergency braking or a collision.

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2-5. Driving information

NOTICE

n When loading luggage (vehicles with moon roof)

Be careful not to scratch the surface of the moon roof.

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2-5. Driving information Vehicle load limits

Vehicle load limits include total load capacity, seating capacity, towing capacity and cargo capacity. n Total load capacity: Without third seat 825 lb. (375 kg)

With third seat

1155 lb. (525 kg)

Total load capacity means the combined weight of occupants, cargo and luggage.

n Seating capacity: Without third seat

5 occupants (Front 2, Rear 3)

With third seat

7 occupants (Front 2, Rear 5)

Seating capacity means the maximum number of occupants whose estimated average weight is 150 lb. (68 kg) per person.

n Towing capacity

2.5 L 4-cylinder (2AR-FE) engine: 1500 lb. (680 kg) 3.5 L V6 (2GR-FE) engine: Without towing package 2000 lb. (907 kg)

With towing package

3500 lb. (1588 kg)

Towing capacity means the maximum gross trailer weight (trailer weight plus its cargo weight) that your vehicle is able to tow.

n Cargo capacity

Cargo capacity may increase or decrease depending on the weight and the number of occupants.

n Total load capacity and seating capacity

These details are also described on the tire and loading information label. (→P. 375)

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2-5. Driving information

CAUTION

n Overloading the vehicle

Do not overload the vehicle. It may not only cause damage to the tires, but also degrade steering and braking ability, resulting in an accident.

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2-5. Driving information Winter driving tips

Carry out the necessary preparations and inspections before driving the vehicle in winter. Always drive the vehicle in a manner appropri- ate to the prevailing weather conditions. n Pre-winter preparations

l Use fluids that are appropriate to the prevailing outside tem-

peratures. • Engine oil • Engine coolant • Washer fluid

l Have a service technician inspect the level and specific grav-

ity of battery electrolyte.

l Have the vehicle fitted with four snow tires or purchase a set

of tire chains for the front tires. Ensure that all tires are the same size and brand, and that chains match the size of the tires. n Before driving the vehicle

Observe the following according to the driving conditions. l Do not try to forcibly open a window or move a wiper that is frozen. Pour warm water over the frozen area to melt the ice. Wipe away the water immediately to prevent it from freezing. l To ensure proper operation of the climate control system fan, remove any snow that has accumulated on the air inlet vents in front of the windshield.

l Remove any ice that has accumulated on the vehicle chassis. l Periodically check for and remove any excess ice or snow that may have accumulated in the wheel well or on the brakes.

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2-5. Driving information

n When driving the vehicle

Accelerate the vehicle slowly and drive at a reduced speed suit- able to road conditions.

n When parking the vehicle

Park the vehicle and move the shift lever to P without setting the parking brake. The parking brake may freeze up, preventing it from being released.

Selecting tire chains

Use the correct tire chain size when mounting the snow chains. Chain size is regulated for each tire size.

Side chain 0.12 in. (3 mm) in diameter 0.39 in. (10 mm) in width 1.18 in. (30 mm) in length Cross chain 0.16 in. (4 mm) in diameter 0.55 in. (14 mm) in width 0.98 in. (25 mm) in length

Regulations on the use of snow chains

l Regulations regarding the use of tire chains vary according to loca- tion and type of road. Always check local regulations before install- ing chains. Install the chains on the front tires.

l Retighten the chains after driving 1/4 - 1/2 mile (0.5 - 1.0 km).

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2-5. Driving information

n Tire chain installation

Observe the following precautions when installing and removing chains.

Install and remove tire chains in a safe location. Install tire chains on the front tires. Install tire chains following the instructions provided in the accompanying manual.

CAUTION

n Driving with snow tires

Observe the following precautions to reduce the risk of accidents. Failing to do so may result in a loss of vehicle control and cause death or serious injury. l Use tires of the specified size. l Maintain the recommended level of air pressure. l Do not drive in excess of 75 mph (120 km/h), regardless of the type of

snow tires being used.

l Snow tires should be installed on all wheels. l Do not mix tires of different makes, models, tread patterns or treadwear.

n Driving with tire chains

Observe the following precautions to reduce the risk of accidents. Failing to do so may result in the vehicle being unable to be driven safely, and may cause death or serious injury. l Do not drive in excess of the speed limit specified for the tire chains being

used or 30 mph (50 km/h), whichever is lower.

l Avoid driving on bumpy road surfaces or over potholes. l Avoid sudden turns and braking, as use of chains may adversely affect

vehicle handling.

l Slow down sufficiently before entering a curve to ensure that vehicle con-

trol is maintained.

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2-5. Driving information

NOTICE

Vehicles with a tire pressure warning system: n Repairing or replacing snow tires

Request repairs of and obtain replacement snow tires from Toyota dealers or legitimate tire retailers. This is because the removal and attachment of snow tires affects the opera- tion of the tire pressure warning valves and transmitters.

n Fitting tire chains

The tire pressure warning valves and transmitters may not function correctly when tire chains are fitted.

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2-5. Driving information Trailer towing

Your vehicle is designed primarily as a passenger-carrying vehicle. Towing a trailer will have an adverse effect on handling, perfor- mance, braking, durability, and fuel consumption. For your safety and the safety of others, do not overload the vehicle or trailer. Toyota warranties do not apply to damage or malfunction caused by towing a trailer for commercial purposes. n Weight limits

Confirm that the total trailer weight, gross vehicle weight, gross axle weight and trailer tongue load are all within the limits.

n Gross vehicle weight

The gross vehicle weight must not exceed the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) indicated on the Certification Label. The gross vehicle weight is the sum weight of the unloaded vehicle, driver, passengers, luggage, hitch and trailer tongue load. Also included is the weight of any special equipment installed on your vehicle.

n Gross axle weight

The load on either the front or rear axle resulting from distribu- tion of the gross vehicle weight on both axles must not exceed the Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) listed on the Certification Label.

Certification label

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2-5. Driving information

n Trailer tongue load

The trailer cargo load should be distributed so that the tongue load is 9 to 11% of the total trailer weight, not exceeding the maximum load of the following. (Tongue load / Total trailer weight x 100 = 9 to 11%)

2.5 L 4-cylinder (2AR-FE) engine: 150 lb. (68 kg) 3.5 L V6 (2GR-FE) engine

Without towing package: 200 lb. (90 kg) With towing package: 350 lb. (158 kg) The total trailer weight and tongue load can be measured with platform scales found at highway weighing stations, building supply companies, trucking companies, junk yards, etc.

Total trailer weight Tongue load

Towing a trailer

Contact your Toyota dealer for further information about additional requirements such as a towing kit, etc.

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2-5. Driving information

Hitch

Trailer hitch assemblies have different weight capacities established by the hitch manufacturer. Even though the vehicle may be rated for towing a higher weight, the operator must never exceed the maxi- mum weight rating specified for the trailer hitch.

n Before towing

l Ensure that your vehicle’s tires are properly inflated. (→P. 475) l Trailer tires should be inflated according to the trailer manufacturer's rec-

ommendation.

l All trailer lights must work in order to be legal. l Confirm all lights work each time you connect them. l Check that your vehicle remains level when a loaded or unloaded trailer is hitched. Do not drive if the vehicle is not level, and check for improper tongue load, overloading, worn suspension, or other possible causes.

l Make sure the trailer cargo is securely loaded. l Check that your rear view mirrors conform to any federal, state/provincial or local regulations. If they do not, install rear view mirrors appropriate for towing purposes. n Break-in schedule

Toyota recommends that you do not use a new vehicle or a vehicle with any new power train components (engine, transmission, differential, wheel bear- ings, etc.) to tow a trailer for the first 500 miles (800 km) of driving.

n Maintenance

If you tow a trailer, your vehicle will require more frequent maintenance due to the additional load. (See “Scheduled Maintenance Guide” or “Owner's Manual Supplement”.)

l Retighten the fixing bolts of the towing ball and bracket after approxi-

mately 600 miles (1000 km) of trailer towing.

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2-5. Driving information

CAUTION

n To avoid accident or injury

l Do not exceed the trailer hitch assembly weight, gross vehicle weight,

gross axle weight and trailer tongue load capacities.

l Never load more weight in the back than in the front of the trailer. About 60% of the load should be in the front half of the trailer, and the remaining 40% in the rear.

l Do not use cruise control when you are towing.

n Hitches

l Use only a hitch that conforms to the total trailer weight requirement. l Follow the directions supplied by the hitch manufacturer. l Lubricate the hitch ball with a light coat of grease. l Remove the trailer hitch whenever you are not towing a trailer. After removing the hitch, seal any mounting hole in the vehicle body to prevent entry of any substances into the vehicle.

n When towing a trailer

If the gross trailer weight exceeds 600 lb. (272 kg), trailer brakes are required.

l Never tap into your vehicle's hydraulic system, as this will lower the vehi-

cle's braking effectiveness.

l Never tow a trailer without using a safety chain securely attached to both the trailer and the vehicle. If damage occurs to the coupling unit or hitch ball, there is danger of the trailer wandering into another lane.

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2-5. Driving information

NOTICE

n When installing a trailer hitch

l Use only the position recommended by your Toyota dealer. Do not install

the trailer hitch on the bumper; this may cause body damage.

l Do not use axle-mounted hitches, as they can cause damage to the axle

housing, wheel bearings, wheels or tires.

n Brakes

Toyota recommends trailers with brakes that conform to all applicable fed- eral and state/provincial regulations.

n Safety chain

A safety chain must always be used between the towing vehicle and the trailer. Leave sufficient slack in the chain for turns. The chain should cross under the trailer tongue to prevent the tongue from dropping to the ground in the case that it becomes damaged or separated. For the correct safety chain installation procedure, ask your Toyota dealer.

n Do not directly splice trailer lights

Directly splicing trailer lights may damage your vehicle's electrical system and cause a malfunction.

Trailer towing tips

Your vehicle will handle differently when towing a trailer. The 3 main causes of vehicle-trailer accidents are driver error, excessive speed and improper trailer loading. Keep the following in mind when towing. l Before starting out, check the trailer lights and the vehicle-trailer

connections. Recheck after driving a short distance.

l Practice turning, stopping and reversing with the trailer attached in an area away from traffic until you become accustomed to the feel of the vehicle.

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2-5. Driving information

l Reversing with a trailer attached is difficult and requires practice. Grip the bottom of the steering wheel and move your hand to the left to move the trailer to the left. Move your hand to the right to move the trailer to right. (This is generally opposite to reversing without a trailer attached.) Avoid sharp or prolonged turning. Have someone guide you when reversing to reduce the risk of an acci- dent.

l As stopping distance is increased when towing a trailer, vehicle-to- vehicle distance should be increased. For each 10 mph (16 km/h) of speed, allow at least one vehicle and trailer length.

l Avoid sudden braking as you may skid, resulting in jackknifing and

loss of control. This is especially true on wet or slippery surfaces.

l Avoid jerky starts or sudden acceleration. l Avoid jerky steering and sharp turns, and slow down before mak-

ing turns.

l Note that when making a turn, the trailer wheels will be closer than the vehicle wheels to the inside of the turn. Compensate by making a larger than normal turning radius.

l Crosswinds and rough roads will adversely affect handling of your vehicle and trailer, causing sway. Periodically check the rear to prepare for being passed by large trucks or buses, which may cause your vehicle and trailer to sway. If swaying occurs, firmly grip the steering wheel, reduce speed immediately but gradually, and steer straight ahead. Never increase speed. If you make no extreme correction with the steering or brakes, your vehicle and trailer will stabilize.

l Take care when passing other vehicles. Passing requires consider- able distance. After passing a vehicle, do not forget the length of your trailer, and be sure you have plenty of room before changing lanes. In order to maintain efficient engine braking and electrical charging performance, do not use overdrive.

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2-5. Driving information

l Due to the added load of the trailer, your vehicle's engine may overheat on hot days (at temperatures over 85°F [30°C]) when driving up a long or steep grade. If the engine coolant temperature gauge indicates overheating, immediately turn off the air condition- ing (if in use), pull your vehicle off the road and stop in a safe spot. (→P. 460)

l Always place wheel blocks under both the vehicle and the trailer wheels when parking. Apply the parking brake firmly, and put the transmission in P. Avoid parking on a slope, but if unavoidable, do so only after performing the following:

STEP 3

STEP 2

STEP 1

Apply the brakes and keep them applied. Have someone place wheel blocks under both the vehicle and trailer wheels. When the wheel blocks are in place, release the brakes slowly until the blocks absorb the load. Apply the parking brake firmly. Shift into P and turn off the engine. l When restarting after parking on a slope:

STEP 4

STEP 5

STEP 1

STEP 2

STEP 3

STEP 4

With the transmission in P, start the engine. Be sure to keep the brake pedal pressed. Shift into a forward gear. If reversing, shift into R. Release the parking brake and brake pedal, and slowly pull or back away from the wheel blocks. Stop and apply the brakes. Have someone retrieve the blocks.

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CAUTION

n To avoid an accident

l Do not exceed 45 mph (72 km/h) or posted towing speed limit, whichever is lower. As instability (swaying) of the towing vehicle-trailer combination increases as speed increases, exceeding 45 mph (72 km/h) may cause loss of control.

l Slow down and downshift before descending steep or long downhill

grades. Do not make sudden downshifts.

l Avoid holding the brake pedal down too long or applying the brakes too frequently. This could cause the brakes to overheat and result in reduced braking efficiency.

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2-5. Driving information Dinghy towing

Your vehicle is not designed to be dinghy towed (with 4 wheels on the ground) behind a motor home.

NOTICE

n To avoid serious damage to your vehicle