2004 Toyota Avalon Owners Manual

to the future economy and long life of your vehicle: D Avoid full

throttle acceleration when

starting and driving.

D Avoid racing the engine. D Try to avoid hard stops during the first

300 km (200 miles).

D Do not drive for a long time at any

single speed, either fast or slow.

D Do not tow a trailer during the first 800

km (500 miles).

Fuel FUEL TYPE Your new vehicle must use only un- leaded gasoline. To help prevent gas station mix−ups, your Toyota has a smaller fuel tank opening. The special nozzle on pumps with un- leaded fuel will fit it, but the larger stan- dard nozzle on pumps with leaded gas will not. the gasoline you use At a minimum, should meet specifications of ASTM D4814 in the U.S.A. and CGSB 3.5−M93
in Canada.

NOTICE

Do not use leaded gasoline. Use of leaded gasoline will cause the three− way catalytic converter to lose its ef- fectiveness and the emission control system to function improperly. Also, this can increase maintenance costs.

OCTANE RATING Select Octane Rating 87 (Research Oc- tane Number 91) or higher. For im- proved vehicle performance, the use of premium unleaded gasoline with an Oc- tane Rating of 91 (Research Octane Number 96) or higher is recommended. Use of unleaded gasoline with an octane rating or research octane number lower than stated above will cause persistent heavy knocking. If it is severe, this will lead to engine damage. If your engine knocks... If you detect heavy knocking even when using if you hear steady knocking while holding a steady speed on level roads, consult your Toyota dealer. However, occasionally, you may notice light knocking for a short time while accel- erating or driving up hills. This is normal and there is no need for concern.

the recommended

fuel, or

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GASOLINE CONTAINING DETERGENT ADDITIVES Toyota recommends the use of gasoline that contains detergent additives to avoid build−up of engine deposits. However, all gasoline sold the U.S. contains detergent additives to keep clean and/or clean intake systems. QUALITY GASOLINE Automotive manufacturers in the U.S., Europe and Japan have developed a specification fuel named World−Wide Fuel Charter (WWFC) that is expected to be applied world wide. The WWFC consists of four categories that depend on required emission lev- els. In the U.S., category 3 has been adopted. The WWFC improves air quali- ty by providing for better emissions in vehicle fleets, and customer satisfaction through better vehicle performance.

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CLEANER BURNING GASOLINE Cleaner burning gasoline, including re- formulated gasoline that contains oxy- genates such as ethanol or MTBE is available in many areas. Toyota recommends the use of cleaner burning gasoline and appropriately blended reformulated gasoline. These types of gas- oline provide excellent vehicle perfor- mance, reduce vehicle emissions, and im- prove air quality. OXYGENATES IN GASOLINE Toyota allows the use of oxygenate blended gasoline where the oxygenate content is up to 10% ethanol or 15% MTBE. in your Toyota, be sure that it has an octane rating no lower than 87. Toyota does not recommend the use of gasoline containing methanol.

If you use gasohol

GASOLINE CONTAINING MMT Some gasoline contain an octane en- hancing additive called MMT (Methylcy- clopentadienyl Manganese Tricarbonyl). Toyota does not recommend the use of gasoline that contains MMT. If fuel con- taining MMT is used, your emission con- trol system may be adversely affected. The Malfunction Indicator Lamp on the in- strument cluster may come on. If this hap- pens, contact your Toyota dealer for ser- vice. GASOLINE QUALITY In a very few cases, you may experience driveability problems caused by the partic- ular gasoline that you are using. If you continue to have unacceptable driveability, try changing gasoline brands. If this does not rectify your problem, then consult your Toyota dealer.

NOTICE

z Do not use gasohol other

than stated above. It will cause fuel sys- tem damage or vehicle performance problems.

z If driveability problems occur (poor engine

hot knock, etc.), discontinue the use.

vaporizing,

starting,

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z Take care not to spill gasohol dur- ing refueling. Gasohol may cause paint damage.

FUEL TANK CAPACITY

70 L (18.5 gal., 15.4 Imp. gal.)

Operation in foreign countries If you plan to drive your Toyota another country... First, comply with the vehicle registration laws. Second, confirm the availability of the cor- rect fuel (unleaded and minimum octane number).

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Three−way catalytic converters

The three−way catalytic converter is an emission control device installed in the exhaust system. The purpose is to reduce pollutants in the exhaust gas.

CAUTION

D Keep people and combustible mate- rials away from the exhaust pipe while the engine is running. The exhaust gas is very hot.

D Do not drive, idle or park your ve- hicle over anything that might burn easily such as grass, leaves, paper or rags.

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NOTICE

large amount of unburned gases into the three−way catalytic flowing converter may cause it to overheat and create a fire hazard. To prevent this and other damage, observe the following precautions: z Use only unleaded gasoline. z Do not drive with an extremely low fuel level; running out of fuel could cause the engine to misfire, creat- ing an excessive load on the three− way catalytic converter.

z Do not allow the engine to run at idle speed for more than 20 min- utes.

z Avoid racing the engine. z Do not push−start or pull−start your

vehicle.

z Do not turn off the ignition while

the vehicle is moving.

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z Keep your engine in good running order. Malfunctions the engine electrical system, electronic ignition system/distributor ignition system or fuel system could cause an ex- tremely high three−way catalytic converter temperature.

z If the engine becomes difficult to start or stalls frequently, take your vehicle in for a check−up as soon as possible. Remember, your Toyota dealer knows your vehicle and its three−way catalytic converter sys- tem best.

z To ensure that the three−way cata- lytic converter and the entire emis- sion control system operate proper- ly, your vehicle must receive the periodic inspections required by the Toyota Maintenance Schedule. For scheduled maintenance information, refer to the “Scheduled Maintenance Guide” or “Owner’s Manual Supple- ment”.

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Engine exhaust cautions

CAUTION

D Avoid inhaling the engine exhaust. It contains carbon monoxide, which is a colorless and odorless gas. It can cause unconsciousness or even death.

D Make sure the exhaust system has no holes or loose connections. The system should be checked from time to time. If you hit something, or notice a change in the sound of the the system exhaust, have checked immediately.

D Do not run the engine in a garage or enclosed area except the time needed to drive the vehicle in or out. The exhaust gases cannot escape, making this a particularly dangerous situation.

for

D Do not remain for a long time in a parked vehicle with the engine run- ning. If it is unavoidable, however, do so only in an unconfined area and adjust the heating or cooling system to force outside air into the vehicle.

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D Keep

the

trunk

lid closed while driving. An open or unsealed trunk lid may cause exhaust gases to be drawn into the vehicle.

D To allow proper operation of your vehicle’s ventilation system, keep the inlet grilles in front of the wind- shield clear of snow, leaves, or oth- er obstructions.

D If you smell exhaust fumes in the vehicle, drive with the windows open and the trunk lid closed. Have the cause immediately located and corrected.

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Facts about engine oil consumption FUNCTIONS OF ENGINE OIL Engine oil has the primary functions of lubricating and cooling the inside of the engine, and plays a major role in main- taining the engine in proper working order. ENGINE OIL CONSUMPTION It is normal that an engine should con- sume some engine oil during normal engine operation. The causes of oil consumption in a normal engine are as follows. D Oil is used to lubricate pistons, piston rings and cylinders. A thin film of oil is left on the cylinder wall when a pis- ton moves downwards in the cylinder. High negative pressure generated when the vehicle is decelerating sucks some of this oil into the combustion chamber. This oil as well as some part of the oil film left on the cylinder wall is burned by temperature combustion gases during the combustion process.

the high

D Oil is also used to lubricate the stems of the intake valves. Some of this oil is sucked into the combustion chamber together with is burned along with the fuel. High tem- perature exhaust gases also burn the oil used to lubricate the exhaust valve stems.

intake air and

the

The amount of engine oil consumed de- pends on the viscosity of the oil, the quality of the oil and the conditions the vehicle is driven under. More oil is consumed by high−speed driv- ing and frequent acceleration and decel- eration. A new engine consumes more oil, since its pistons, piston rings and cylinder walls have not become conditioned. Oil consumption: Max. 1.0 L per 1000
km (1.1 qt./600 miles, 0.9 lmp. qt./600
miles) When judging the amount of oil con- sumption, note the that oil may become diluted and make it difficult to judge the true level accurately.

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As an example, if a vehicle is used for repeated short trips, and consumes a nor- mal amount of oil, the dipstick may not show any drop in the oil level at all, even after 1000 km (600 miles) or more. This is because the oil is gradually becoming diluted with fuel or moisture, making it appear that the oil level has not changed. The diluting ingredients evaporate out when the vehicle is then driven at high speeds, as on an expressway, making it appear that oil is excessively consumed after driving at high speeds. IMPORTANCE OF ENGINE OIL LEVEL CHECK One of the most important points in prop- er vehicle maintenance is to keep the en- gine oil at the optimum level so that oil function will not be impaired. Therefore, it is essential that the oil level be checked regularly. Toyota recommends that the oil level be checked every time you refuel the vehicle.

NOTICE

Failure to check the oil level regularly could lead to serious engine trouble due to insufficient oil.

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For detailed information on oil level check, see “Checking the engine oil level” in Sec- tion 7−2.

Iridium−tipped spark plugs

Your engine is fitted with iridium−tipped spark plugs.

NOTICE

Use only iridium−tipped spark plugs and do not adjust gaps for your en- gine performance and smooth drive- ability.

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Brake system The tandem master cylinder brake system is a hydraulic system with two separate sub−systems. If either sub−system should fail, the other will still work. However, the pedal will be harder to press, and your stopping distance will increase. Also, the brake system warning light may come on.

CAUTION

Do not drive your vehicle with only a single brake system. Have your brakes fixed immediately.

CAUTION

D Do not pump the brake pedal if the engine stalls. Each push on the pedal uses up your reserved vacu- um.

lost,

D Even if the power assist

is com- pletely the brakes will still work. But you will have to push the pedal hard, much harder than nor- mal. And your braking distance will increase.

the brakes.

BRAKE BOOSTER The brake booster uses engine vacuum to power−assist the engine should quit while you are driving, you can bring the vehicle to a stop with normal pedal pressure. There is enough reserved vacuum two stops—but no more!

for one or

If

ANTI−LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM (with “ABS” warning light) The anti−lock brake system is designed to help prevent lock−up of the wheels during a sudden braking or braking on slippery road surfaces. This assists in providing directional stability and steer- ing performance of the vehicle under these circumstances.

this situation,

Effective way to press the ABS brake pedal: When the anti−lock brake system function is in action, you may feel the brake pedal pulsating and hear a noise. In the anti−lock brake system work for you, just hold the brake pedal down more firmly. Do not pump the brake in a panic stop. This will result in reduced braking performan- ce.

let

to

The anti−lock brake system becomes op- erative after the vehicle has accelerated to a speed in excess of approximately 10
km/h (6 mph). It stops operating when the vehicle decelerates to a speed below approximately 5 km/h (3 mph).

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Depressing the brake pedal on slippery road surfaces such as on a manhole cov- er, a steel plate at a construction site, joints in a bridge, etc. on a rainy day tends to activate the anti−lock brake sys- tem. You may hear a click or motor sound in the engine compartment for a few seconds when the engine is started or just after the vehicle is started. This means that the anti−lock brake system the self check mode, and does not indicate a mal- function. When the anti−lock brake system is ac- tivated, the following conditions may occur. They do not indicate a malfunc- tion of the system: D You may hear the anti−lock brake sys- tem operating and feel the brake pedal pulsating and the vibrations of the ve- hicle body and steering wheel. You may also hear the motor sound in the engine compartment even after the ve- hicle is stopped.

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is

D At the end of the anti−lock brake sys- the brake pedal may

tem activation, move a little forward.

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CAUTION

Do not overestimate the anti−lock brake system: Although the anti−lock brake system assists in providing ve- hicle control, it is still important to drive with all due care and maintain a moderate speed and safe distance from the vehicle in front of you, be- cause there are limits to the vehicle stability and effectiveness of steering wheel operation even with the anti− lock brake system on. If tire grip performance exceeds its capability, or if hydroplaning occurs during high speed driving in the rain, the anti−lock brake system does not provide vehicle control.

the vehicle

Anti−lock brake system is not de- signed to shorten the stopping dis- tance: Always drive at a moderate speed and maintain a safe distance from front of you. Compared with vehicles without an anti−lock brake system, your vehicle may require a longer stopping dis- tance in the following cases: D Driving on rough, gravel or snow−

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covered roads.

D Driving with tire chains installed. D Driving over the steps such as the

joints on the road.

D Driving on roads where the road surface is pitted or has other differ- ences in surface height.

Install all 4 tires of specified size at appropriate pressure: The anti−lock brake system detects vehicle speeds using the speed sensors for respec- tive wheels’ turning speeds. The use of tires other than specified may fail to detect the accurate turning speed resulting longer stopping dis- tance.

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if

few seconds. Thereafter,

“ABS” warning light The light comes on when the ignition key is turned to the “ON” position. If the anti− lock brake system and the brake assist system work properly, the light turns off after a the system malfunctions, the light comes on again. When the “ABS” warning light is on (and the brake system warning light is off), the anti−lock brake system, the brake assist system, the traction control system and the vehicle stability control system do not operate, but the brake system still oper- ates conventionally. When the “ABS” warning light is on (and the brake system warning light is off), the anti−lock brake system does not operate so that the wheels could lock up during a sudden braking or braking on slippery road surfaces. If either of the following conditions oc- curs, this indicates a malfunction some- where in the components monitored by the warning light system. Contact your Toyota dealer as soon as possible to service the vehicle. D The light does not come on when the ignition key is turned to the “ON” posi- tion, or remains on.

D The light comes on while you are driv-

ing.

A warning light turning on briefly during operation does not indicate a problem.

CAUTION

If the “ABS” warning light remains on together with the brake system warn- ing light, immediately stop your ve- hicle at a safe place and contact your Toyota dealer. In this case, not only the anti−lock brake system will fail but also the vehicle will become extremely unsta- ble during braking.

DRUM−IN−DISC TYPE PARKING BRAKE SYSTEM Your vehicle has a drum−in−disc type parking brake system. This type of brake system needs bedding−down of the brake shoes periodically or whenever the parking brake shoes and/or drums are replaced. Have your Toyota dealer perform the bed- ding−down.

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Type A

Type B

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Brake pad wear limit indicators

Your Toyota’s identification— —Vehicle identification number

The brake pad wear limit indicators on your disc brakes give a warning noise when the brake pads are worn to where replacement is required. If you hear a squealing or scraping noise while driving, have the brake pads checked and replaced by your Toyota dealer as soon as possible. Expensive ro- tor damage can result if the pads are not replaced when necessary.

The vehicle identification number (VIN) is the legal identifier for your vehicle. This number is on the left top of the instrument panel, and can be seen through the windshield from outside. This is the primary identification number for your Toyota. It is used in registering the ownership of your vehicle.

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the brakes on,

BRAKE ASSIST SYSTEM When you slam the brake assist system judges as an emer- gency stop and provides more powerful braking for a driver who cannot hold down the brake pedal firmly. When you slam the brakes on, more pow- erful braking will be applied. At this time, you may hear a sound the engine compartment and feel the vibration of the brake pedal. This does not indicate a mal- function. The brake assist system becomes opera- tive after the vehicle has accelerated to a speed in excess of approximately 10
km/h (6 mph). It stops operating when the vehicle decelerates to a speed below approximately 5 km/h (3 mph). For an explanation of this system’s warn- ing light, see “Service reminder indicators and warning buzzers” in Section 1−6.

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—Engine number

The vehicle identification number (VIN) is also on the Certification Label.

The engine number is stamped on the engine block as shown.

Theft prevention labels (except for Canada) Your new vehicle carries theft preven- tion labels which are approximately 56
mm (2.20 in.) by 16 mm (0.63 in.). The purpose of these labels is to reduce the incidence of vehicle thefts by facilitat- ing the tracing and recovery of parts from stolen vehicles. The label is designed so that once it is applied to a surface, any attempt to remove it will result in destroy- ing the integrity of the label. Transferring these labels intact from one part to anoth- er, will be impossible.

NOTICE

You should not attempt to remove the theft prevention labels as it may vio- late certain state or federal laws.

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Suspension and chassis

CAUTION

Do not modify the suspension/chassis with lift kits, spacers, springs, etc. It can cause dangerous handling charac- teristics, resulting in loss of control.

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Tire information— —Tire symbols

This illustration indicates typical tire symbols. 1. Tire size—For details, see “—Tire

size” in this Section.

2. DOT and Tire

Identification Number (TIN)—For details, see “—DOT and Tire Identification Number (TIN)” in this Section.

3. The location of the tread wear indicators—For see “Checking and replacing tires” in Section 7−2.

details,

4. Uniform tire quality grading— For details, see “Uniform tire quali- ty grading” that follows.

5. Tire ply composition and mate- rials—Plies mean a layer of rub- ber−coated parallel cords. Cords mean the strands forming the plies in the tire.

6. Radial tires or bias−ply tires—A radial tire has “RADIAL” on the sidewall. A tire not marked with “RADIAL” is a bias−ply tire.

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—DOT and Tire Identification Number (TIN)

The “DOT” symbol certifies that the tire conforms to applicable Federal motor vehicle safety standards.

This illustration indicates typical DOT and Tire Identification Number (TIN). 1. “DOT” symbol 2. Tire Identification Number (TIN) 3. Tire manufacturer’s identification

mark

4. Tire size code 5. Manufacturer’s optional tire type

code

6. Manufacturing week 7. Manufacturing year

7. “TUBELESS”

or

“TUBE TYPE”—A tubeless tire does not have a tube inside the tire and air is directly filled in the tire. A tube type tire has a tube inside the tire and the tube maintains the air pressure.

8. Load limit at maximum cold tire inflation pressure—For details, see “Checking and replacing tires” in Section 7−2.

9. Maximum cold

tire

tire

cold

inflation pressure—This means the pres- sure to which a tire may be in- flated. For details about recom- mended inflation pressure, see “Tires” in Section 8. tire or all season tire—An all season tire has “M+S” on tire not marked with “M+S” is a summer tire. For details, see “Types of tires” in this Section.

the sidewall. The

10.Summer

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—Tire size

—Name of each section of tire

This illustration indicates typical tire size. 1. Tire use

(P=Passenger car,

T=Temporary use)

2. Section width (in millimeters) 3. Aspect ratio (tire height to section

width)

4. Tire construction code (R=Radial,

D=Diagonal)

5. Wheel diameter (in inches) 6. Load index (2 digits or 3 digits) 7. Speed symbol (alphabet with one

letter)

1. Section width 2. Tire height 3. Wheel diameter

1. Bead 2. Sidewall 3. Shoulder 4. Tread 5. Belt 6. Inner liner 7. Reinforcing rubber 8. Carcass 9. Rim lines 10.Bead wires 11. Chafer

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—Uniform tire quality grading This information has been prepared in accordance with regulations issued by the National Highway Traffic Safe- ty Administration of the U.S. Depart- ment of Transportation. It provides the purchasers and/or prospective purchasers of Toyota vehicles with in- formation on uniform tire quality grad- ing. Your Toyota dealer will help answer any questions you may have as you read this information. DOT quality grades—All passenger vehicle tires must conform to Fed- eral Safety Requirements in addi- tion these grades. Quality grades can be found where appli- cable on the tire sidewall between tread shoulder and maximum sec- tion width. For example: Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A

to

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Treadwear—The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested un- der controlled conditions on a speci- fied government test course. For ex- ample, a tire graded 150 would wear one and a half (1−1/2) times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual conditions of their use, however, and may depart significantly from the norm due to variations in driving hab- its, service practices and differences in road characteristics and climate.

Traction AA, A, B, C—The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are AA, A, B, and C, and they represent the tire’s ability to stop on wet pave- ment as measured under controlled conditions on specified government test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor trac- tion performance. Warning: The traction grade assigned to tire is based on braking (straight ahead) traction tests and does not include cornering (turning) traction.

this

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Temperature A, B, C—The tempera- ture grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing the tire’s resis- tance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a specified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and excessive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure. The grade C cor- responds to a level of performance which all passenger car tires must meet under the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No.109. Grades B and A represent higher levels of per- formance on the laboratory test wheel than the minimum required by law. Warning: The temperature grades for this tire are established for a tire that is properly inflated and not over- loaded. Excessive speed, underinfla- tion, or excessive loading, either sep- arately or in combination, can cause heat buildup and possible tire failure.

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—Glossary of tire terminology

Tire related term

Accessory weight

Cold tire inflation pressure

Curb weight

Intended outboard sidewall

Maximum inflation pressure

Maximum loaded vehicle weight

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Meaning

the combined weight (in excess of those standard items which may be replaced) of automatic transmission, power steering, power brakes, power windows, power seats, radio, and heater, to the extent that these items are available as factory−installed equipment (whether installed or not) tire inflation pressure when the vehicle has been parked for at least 3
hours or more, or it has not been driven more than 1.5 km or 1 mile under that condition the weight of a motor vehicle with standard equipment including the maximum capacity of fuel, oil, and coolant, and, if so equipped, air conditioning and additional weight optional engine (A) the sidewall that contains a whitewall, bears white lettering or bears

manufacturer, brand, and/or model name molding that is higher or deeper than the same molding on the other sidewall of the tire, or

(B) the outward facing sidewall of an asymmetrical tire that has a particular

side that must always face outward when mounted on a vehicle

the maximum cold inflation pressure to which a tire may be inflated and it is shown on the sidewall of the tire the sum of— (a) curb weight; (b) accessory weight; (c) vehicle capacity weight; and (d) production options weight

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Tire related term

Normal occupant weight

Occupant distribution

Production options weight

Recommended inflation pressure

Rim

Rim diameter (Wheel diameter) Rim size designation Rim type designation Rim width Vehicle capacity weight (Total load capacity)

Vehicle maximum load on the tire

Meaning

68 kg (150 lb.) times the number of occupants specified in the second column of Table 1 that follows distribution of occupants in a vehicle as specified in the third column of Table 1 that follows the combined weight of those installed regular production options weighing over 2.3 kg (5 lb.) in excess of those standard items which they replace, not previously considered in curb weight or accessory weight, including heavy duty brakes, ride levelers, roof rack, heavy duty battery, and special trim cold tire inflation pressure recommended by a manufacturer a metal support for a tire or a tire and tube assembly upon which the tire beads are seated nominal diameter of the bead seat rim diameter and width the industry of manufacturer’s designation for a rim by style or code nominal distance between rim flanges the rated cargo and luggage load plus 68 kg (150 lb.) times the vehicle’s desig- nated seating capacity the load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle its share of the maximum loaded vehicle weight and dividing by two

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Tire related term

Meaning

Vehicle normal load on the tire

Weather side

the load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle its share of the curb weight, accessory weight, and normal occupant weight (distributed in accordance with Table 1 that follows) and dividing by two the surface area of the rim not covered by the inflated tire

Table 1—Occupant loading and distribution for vehicle normal load for various designated seating capacities

Designated seating capacity,

number of occupants

Vehicle normal load, number of

occupants

Occupant distribution in a normally

loaded vehicle

2 through 4
5 through 10

2 in front 2 in front, 1 in second seat

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Vehicle load limits Vehicle load limits include total load capacity, seating capacity, towing ca- pacity and cargo capacity. Follow the load limits shown below. Total load capacity:

With bucket type front seat

410 kg

(900 lb.)

With bench type front seat

475 kg (1050 lb.)

Total load capacity means combined weight of occupants, cargo and lug- gage. Tongue load is included when trailer towing. Seating capacity:

With bucket type front seat Total 5 (Front 2, Rear 3) With bench type front seat Total 6 (Front 3, Rear 3)

Seating capacity means the maxi- mum number of occupants whose estimated average weight is 68 kg (150 lb.) per person. Depending on the weight of each person, the seat- ing capacity given may exceed the total load capacity.

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NOTICE

CAUTION

Do not apply the load more than each load limit. That may cause not only damage to the tires, but also deterioration to the steering ability and braking ability, which may cause an accident.

Even if the number of occupants are within the seating capacity, do not exceed the total load ca- pacity.

Towing capacity:

907 kg (2000 lb.) Towing capacity means the maxi- mum gross trailer weight (trailer weight plus its cargo weight) that your vehicle is able to tow.

Cargo capacity Cargo capacity may increase or de- crease depending on the size (weight) and the number of occupants. For de- tails, see “Capacity and distribution” that follows.

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D Do not place anything on the package tray behind the rear seatback. Such items may be thrown about and possibly in- jure people in the vehicle dur- ing sudden braking or an acci- dent.

D Do not drive with objects left on top of the instrument panel. They may interfere with the driver’s field of view. Or they may move during sharp vehicle acceleration or turning, and im- pair the driver’s control of the vehicle. In an accident they may injure the vehicle occu- pants.

Cargo and luggage— —Stowage precautions When stowing cargo and luggage in the vehicle, observe the following: D Put cargo and luggage in the trunk when at all possible. Be sure all items are secured in place.

D Be careful to keep the vehicle bal- anced. Locating the weight as far forward as possible helps maintain balance.

D For better fuel economy, do not

carry unneeded weight.

CAUTION

D Never allow anyone to ride in the enlarged trunk. It is not de- signed for passengers. They should ride in their seats with their seat belts properly fas- tened. Otherwise, they are much more likely to suffer seri- ous bodily injury, in the event of sudden braking or a colli- sion.

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FOR

—Capacity and distribution Cargo capacity depends on the to- tal weight of the occupants. (Cargo capacity) = (Total load capac- ity) – (Total weight of occupants) STEPS CORRECT LOAD LIMIT 1. Locate the statement “The com- bined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX pounds” on your vehicle’s placard. 2. Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that will be riding in your vehicle.

DETERMINING

3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver and passengers from XXX kilograms or XXX pounds.

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4. The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and lug- gage load capacity. For example, if the “XXX” amount equals 1400
lbs. and there will be five 150 lb. passengers in your vehicle, the amount of available cargo and lug- gage load capacity is 650 lbs. (1400–750 (5x150)=650 lbs).

5. Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4.

6. If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle. Consult this manual to determine how this reduces the available car- go and luggage load capacity of your vehicle.

For details about trailer towing, see “Trailer towing” in Section 3.

Cargo capacity

Total load capacity

EXAMPLE ON YOUR VEHICLE In case that 2 people with the com- bined weight of 166 kg (366 lb.) are riding in your vehicle with the total load capacity of 410 kg (900 lb.) (with bucket type front seat) or 475 kg (1050 lb.) (with bench type front seat), the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity will be as fol- lows: With bucket type front seat

410 kg – 166 kg = 244 kg (900 lb. – 366 lb. = 534 lb.)

With bench type front seat

475 kg – 166 kg = 309 kg (1050 lb. – 366 lb. = 684 lb.)

From this condition, if 3 more passen- gers with the combined weight of 176
kg (388 lb.) get on, the available car- go and luggage load will be reduced as follows: With bucket type front seat 244 kg – 176 kg = 68 kg (534 lb. – 388 lb. = 146 lb.)

With bench type front seat

309 kg – 176 kg = 133 kg (684 lb. – 388 lb. = 296 lb.)

As shown in the above example, if the number of occupants increases, the cargo and luggage load equaling the combined weight of occupants who got on later must be reduced. In other words, if the increase in the number of occupants causes the excess of the total load capacity (combined weight of occupants plus cargo and luggage load), you have to reduce the cargo and luggage on your vehicle.

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For details about total load capacity, see “Vehicle load limits” in this Sec- tion.

CAUTION

Even if the total load of occu- pant’s weight and the cargo load is less than the total load capac- ity, do not apply the load uneven- ly. That may cause not only dam- age to the tire but also deteriora- tion to the steering ability due to unbalance of the vehicle, causing an accident.

Types of tires Determine what kind of tires your vehicle is originally equipped with. 1. Summer tires Summer tires are high−speed capabil- ity tires best suited to highway driving under dry conditions. Since summer tires do not have the same traction performance as snow tires, summer tires are inadequate for driving on snow−covered or icy roads. For driving on snow−covered or icy roads, we recommend using snow tires. If installing snow tires, be sure to replace all four tires. 2. All season tires All season tires are designed to pro- vide better traction in snow and to be adequate for driving in most winter conditions, as well as for use all year round.

traction

All season tires, however, do not have adequate performance compared with snow tires in heavy or loose snow. Also, all season tires fall short in acceleration and handling performance compared with summer tires in highway driving. The details about how to distinguish summer tires from all season tires are described in this Section.

CAUTION

D Do not mix summer and all sea- son tires on your vehicle as this can cause dangerous han- dling characteristics, resulting in loss of control.

D Do not use tires other than the manufacturer’s designated tires, and never mix tires or wheels of the sizes different from the originals.

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SECTION 3

STARTING AND DRIVING Starting and driving Before starting the engine How to start the engine Tips for driving in various conditions Winter driving tips Dinghy towing Trailer towing How to save fuel and make your vehicle last longer

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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240
241
242
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248

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Before starting the engine 1. Check the area around the vehicle be-

fore entering it.

2. Adjust seat position, seatback angle, restraint

seat cushion angle, head height and steering wheel angle.

3. Adjust the inside and outside rear view

mirrors.

4. Lock all the doors. 5. Fasten seat belts.

How to start the engine— (a) Before cranking 1. Apply the parking brake firmly. 2. Turn off unnecessary lights and acces-

sories.

3. Put the selector lever in “P”. If you need to restart the engine while the vehicle is moving, put the selector le- ver in “N”. A starter safety device will prevent the starter from operating if the selector lever is in any drive position. 4. Depress the brake pedal and hold it to

the floor until driving off.

(b) Starting the engine Before starting the engine, be sure to fol- low the instructions in “(a) Before crank- ing”. Normal starting procedure The multiport fuel injection system/sequen- tial multiport fuel injection system in your engine automatically controls the proper air−fuel mixture for starting. You can start a cold or hot engine as follows: With your foot off the accelerator pedal, crank the engine by turning the key to “START”. Release the engine starts. Engine should be warmed up by driving, not in idle. For warming up, drive with smoothly turning engine until engine cool- ant temperature is within normal range. If the engine stalls... Simply restart it, using the correct proce- dure given in normal starting. If the engine will not start... See “If your vehicle will not start” in Sec- tion 4.

it when

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NOTICE

z Do not crank for more than 30 se- conds at a time. This may overheat the starter and wiring systems.

z Do not race a cold engine. z If the engine becomes difficult to start or stalls frequently, have the engine checked immediately.

Tips for driving in various conditions D Always slow down in gusty crosswinds. This will allow you much better control. D Drive slowly onto curbs and, if pos- sible, at a right angle. Avoid driving onto high, sharp−edged objects and other road hazards. Failure to do so can lead to severe tire damage such as a tire burst. Drive slowly when passing over bumps or travelling on a bumpy road. Other- wise, the impact could cause severe damage to the tires and/or wheels.

they

D When parking on a hill, turn the front wheels until touch the curb so that the vehicle will not roll. Apply the parking brake, and place the transmis- sion the wheels.

If necessary, block

in “P”.

D Washing your vehicle or driving through deep water may get the brakes wet. To see whether they are wet, check that there is no traffic near you, and then press the pedal lightly. If you do not feel a normal braking force, the brakes are probably wet. To dry them, drive the vehicle cautiously while lightly pressing the brake pedal with the park- ing brake applied. If they still do not work safely, pull to the side of the road and call a Toyota dealer for assistance.

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CAUTION

D Before driving off, make sure the parking brake is fully released and the parking brake reminder light is off.

D Do not

leave your vehicle unat- tended while the engine is running. D Do not rest your foot on the brake pedal while driving. It can cause dangerous overheating, needless wear, and poor fuel economy.

D To drive down a long or steep hill, reduce your speed and downshift. Remember, if you ride the brakes excessively, they may overheat and not work properly.

D Be careful when accelerating, up- shifting, downshifting or braking on a slippery surface. Sudden accelera- tion or engine braking, could cause the vehicle to skid or spin.

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tire dealer

D Do not drive in excess of the speed limit. Even if the legal speed limit permits it, do not drive over 140
km/h (85 mph) unless your vehicle has high−speed capability tires. Driving over 140 km/h (85 mph) may result in tire failure, loss of control and possible injury. Be sure to con- sult a to determine whether the tires on your vehicle are high−speed capability tires or not before driving at such speeds. D Do not continue normal driving when the brakes are wet. If they are require a wet, your vehicle will longer stopping distance, and it the may pull brakes are applied. Also, the park- ing brake will not hold the vehicle securely.

to one side when

is a

hybrid

organic

long−life

combination of

Winter driving tips Make sure you have a proper freeze protection for engine coolant. Only use “Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” or similar high quality ethylene glycol based non−silicate, non−amine, non−nitrite, and non−borate coolant with long−life technology. (Coolant hybrid organic acid with acid technology low phosphates and organic acids.) See “Checking the engine coolant level” in Section 7−2 type selection. For the U.S.A.—“Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” is a mixture of 50% coolant and 50% deionized water. This coolant pro- vides protection down to about −35_C (−31_F). For Canada—“Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” is a mixture of 55% coolant and 45% deionized water. This coolant pro- vides protection down to about −42_C (−44_F).

for details of coolant

NOTICE

Do not use plain water alone.

Check the condition of the battery and cables. Cold temperatures reduce the capacity of any battery, so it must be in top shape to provide enough power for winter starting. Section 7−3 tells you how to visually in- spect the battery. Your Toyota dealer and most service stations will be pleased to check the level of charge. Make sure the engine oil viscosity is suitable for the cold weather. See Section 7−2 for recommended viscos- ity. Leaving a heavy summer oil in your vehicle during winter months may cause harder starting. If you are not sure about which oil to use, call your Toyota deal- er—he will be pleased to help. Keep the door locks from freezing. Squirt lock de−icer or glycerine into the locks to keep them from freezing. Use a washer fluid containing an anti- freeze solution. This product is available at your Toyota dealer and most auto parts stores. Follow the manufacturer’s directions for how much to mix with water.

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Dinghy towing

Your vehicle to be dinghy towed (with four wheels on the ground) behind a motorhome.

is not designed

NOTICE

Do not tow your vehicle with four wheels on the ground. This may cause serious damage to your vehicle.

NOTICE

Do not use engine antifreeze or any other substitute because it may dam- age your vehicle’s paint.

Do not use your parking brake when there is a possibility it could freeze. When parking, put the transmission into “P” and block the rear wheels. Do not use the parking brake, or snow or water accu- mulated in and around the parking brake mechanism may freeze, making it hard to release. Keep ice and snow from accumulating under the fenders. Ice and snow built up under your fenders can make steering difficult. During bad winter driving, stop and check under the fenders occasionally. Depending on where you are driving, we recommend you carry some emer- gency equipment. Some of the things you might put in the vehicle are tire chains, window scraper, bag of sand or salt, flares, small shovel, jumper cables, etc.

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vehicle. Towing

Trailer towing Your vehicle is designed primarily as a passenger−carrying trailer will have an adverse effect on handling, performance, braking, durability and driving economy (fuel consumption, etc.). Your safety and satisfaction depend on the proper use of correct equipment and cautious driving habits. For your safety and the safety of others, you must not overload your vehicle or trailer. Toyota warranties do not apply to damage or malfunction caused by towing a trailer for commercial purposes. Ask your local further details before Toyota dealer towing.

for

NOTICE

When towing a trailer, be sure to con- sult your Toyota dealer for further in- formation on additional requirements such as a towing kit, etc.

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WEIGHT LIMITS Before towing, make sure the total trail- er weight, gross vehicle weight, gross axle weight and trailer tongue load are all within the limits. The total trailer weight and tongue load can be measured with platform scales found at a highway weighing station, build- ing supply company, trucking company, junk yard, etc.

CAUTION

D The

total

trailer weight its cargo

(trailer weight plus load) must not exceed 907 kg (2000 lb.). Ex- ceeding this weight is dangerous.

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D Trailer hitch assemblies have differ- ent weight capacities established by the hitch manufacturer. Even though the vehicle may be physically capa- ble of towing a higher weight, the operator must determine the maxi- mum weight rating of the particular hitch assembly and never exceed the maximum weight rating speci- fied for the trailer−hitch. Exceeding the maximum weight rating set by the trailer hitch manufacturer can cause an accident resulting in seri- ous personal injuries.

indicated on

D The gross vehicle weight must not the Gross Vehicle Weight exceed Rating (GVWR) the Certification Label. The gross ve- hicle weight is the sum of weights of the unloaded vehicle, driver, pas- sengers, luggage, hitch and trailer tongue includes the weight of any special equipment installed on your vehicle.

It also

load.

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D The load on either the front or rear axle resulting from distribution of the gross vehicle weight on both axles must not exceed the Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) listed on the Certification Label.

Total trailer weight

Tongue load

Tongue load

Total trailer weight

100 = 5 to 10%

D The trailer cargo

the

total

to 11% of

load should be distributed so that the tongue load is 9 trailer weight, not exceeding the maximum of 90 kg (200 lb.). Never load the trailer with more weight in the back than in the front. About 60% of the trailer load should be in the front half of the trailer and the remaining 40% in the rear.

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HITCHES D Use only a hitch which

recom- mended by the hitch manufacturer and conforms to the total trailer weight re- quirement.

is

D Follow the directions supplied by the hitch manufacturer, and bolt the hitch securely to the rear bumper. Lubricate the hitch ball with a light coat of grease.

trailer

D Toyota recommends removing the trail- er hitch whenever you are not towing to reduce the possibility of additional damage caused by the hitch if your vehicle is struck from behind. After the hitch, seal any mounting holes in the vehicle body to prevent entry of pollutants such as ex- haust fumes, dirt, water, etc.

removing

NOTICE

Do not use axle−mounted hitches as they can cause damage to the axle housing, wheel bearings, wheels or tires. Also, never install a hitch which may interfere with the normal function of an Energy Absorbing Bumper.

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BRAKES AND SAFETY CHAINS D Toyota

recommends

trailers with brakes that conform to any applica- ble federal and state/provincial regu- lations.

D A safety chain must always be used between the towing vehicle and the trailer. Leave sufficient slack in the chain for turns. The chain should cross under to prevent the tongue from dropping to the ground in case it becomes dam- aged or separated. For correct safety chain procedures, follow the hitch or trailer manufacturer’s recommenda- tions.

tongue

trailer

the

CAUTION

D If the total trailer weight exceeds 453 kg (1000 lb.), trailer brakes are required.

D Never tap

into your vehicle’s hy- draulic system as it would lower its braking effectiveness.

D Never tow a trailer without using a safety chain securely attached to both the trailer and the vehicle. If damage occurs to the coupling unit or hitch ball, there is danger of the trailer wandering over into another lane.

TIRES D Ensure

that your vehicle’s

tires are properly inflated. See Section 7−2 and Section 8 for instructions.

D The trailer tires should be inflated to the pressure recommended by the trail- er manufacturer in respect to the total trailer weight.

local

local

TRAILER LIGHTS D Trailer lights must comply with federal, regulations. state/provincial and See your recreational vehicle dealer or rental agency for the correct type of wiring and relays for your trail- er. Check for correct operation of the turn signals and stop lights each time you hitch up. Direct splicing may dam- age your vehicle’s electrical system and cause a malfunction of your lights.

BREAK−IN SCHEDULE D Toyota recommends

that you do not tow a trailer with a new vehicle or a vehicle with any new power train com- ponent (engine, transmission, differen- tial, wheel bearing, etc.) for the first 800 km (500 miles) of driving.

MAINTENANCE D If you tow a trailer, your vehicle will require more frequent maintenance due to the additional load. For this informa- tion, please the scheduled maintenance information in the “Sched- uled Maintenance Guide” or “Owner’s Manual Supplement”.

refer

to

D Retighten all fixing bolts of the towing ball and bracket after approximately 1000 km (600 miles) of trailer driving.

PRE−TOWING SAFETY CHECK D Check that your vehicle remains level when a loaded or unloaded trailer is hitched. Do not drive if the vehicle has an abnormal nose−up or nose−down condition, and check improper tongue load, overload, worn suspension or other possible causes.

for

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D Backing with a trailer is difficult and requires practice. Grip the bottom of the steering wheel and move your hand to the left to move the trailer to the left. Move your hand to the right to move the trailer to the right. (This pro- cedure that when backing without a trailer.) Also, just turn the steering wheel a little at time, avoiding sharp or prolonged turning. Have someone guide you when backing to reduce the risk of an acci- dent.

is generally opposite

to

increased when

D Because stopping distance may be in- vehicle−to−vehicle distance creased, should be towing a trailer. For each 16 km/h (10 mph) of speed, allow at least one vehicle and trailer length between you and the ve- hicle ahead. Avoid sudden braking as you may skid, resulting in jackknifing and loss of control. This is especially true on wet or slippery surfaces.

D Avoid jerky starts or sudden accelera-

tion.

D Make sure the trailer cargo is securely

loaded so that it can not shift.

D Check that your rear view mirrors con- form to any applicable federal, state/ provincial or local regulations. If not, install the rear view mirrors required for towing purpose.

TRAILER TOWING TIPS When towing a trailer, your vehicle will handle differently than when not tow- ing. The three main causes of vehicle− trailer accidents are driver error, exces- sive speed and improper trailer loading. Keep these in mind when towing: D Before starting out, check operation of the lights and all vehicle−trailer connec- tions. After driving a short distance, stop and recheck the lights and con- nections. Before actually towing a trail- er, practice turning, stopping and back- ing with a trailer in an area away from traffic until you learn the feel.

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D Avoid jerky steering and sharp turns. The trailer could hit your vehicle in a tight turn. Slow down before making a turn to avoid the necessity of sudden braking.

D Remember that when making a turn, the trailer wheels will be closer than the vehicle wheels to the inside of the turn. Therefore, compensate for this by making a turning radius with your vehicle.

than normal

larger

D Crosswinds and rough roads will ad- versely affect handling of your vehicle and trailer, causing sway. Pay attention to the rear from time to time to pre- pare yourself for being passed by large trucks or buses, which may cause your vehicle and trailer to sway. If swaying happens, firmly grip the steering wheel and immediately but gradually. Never increase speed. Steer straight ahead. If you make no extreme correction with the steering or brakes, the vehicle and trailer will stabilize.

reduce speed

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D Be careful when passing other ve- hicles. Passing requires considerable distance. After passing a vehicle, do not forget the length of your trailer and be sure you have plenty of room be- fore changing lanes.

D In order to maintain engine braking effi-

ciency do not use overdrive.

(at

D Because of the added load of the trail- er, your vehicle’s engine may overheat on hot days temperatures over 30_C [85_F]) when going up a long or steep grade with a trailer. If the engine coolant indicates overheating, immediately turn off the air conditioning (if in use), pull off the road and stop in a safe spot. Refer to “If your vehicle overheats” in Section 4.

temperature gauge

D Always place wheel blocks under both the vehicle and trailer wheels when parking. Apply the parking brake firmly. Put the transmission in “P”. Avoid park- ing on a slope with a trailer, but if it cannot be avoided, do so only after performing the following:

1. Apply the brakes and hold. 2. Have someone place wheel blocks un- der both the vehicle and trailer wheels. 3. When the wheel blocks are in place, the

release your brakes slowly until blocks absorb the load.

4. Apply the parking brake firmly. 5. Shift into “P” and turn off the engine. When restarting out after parking on a slope:

1. With the transmission in “P” position, start the engine. Be sure to keep the brake pedal depressed.

2. Shift into the “2”, “L” or “R” position. 3. Release the parking brake and brake pedal and slowly pull or back away from the wheel blocks. Stop and apply your brakes.

4. Have someone retrieve the blocks.

CAUTION

towing speed

D Do not exceed 72 km/h (45 mph) or the posted limit, whichever is lower. Because insta- bility (swaying) of a towing vehicle− trailer in- creases as the speed increases, ex- ceeding 72 km/h (45 mph) may cause loss of control.

combination

usually

D Slow down and downshift before descending steep or long downhill grades. Do not make sudden down- shifts.

long or

D Avoid holding the brake pedal down too frequently. This could cause the brakes to overheat and result in reduced braking effi- ciency.

too

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How to save fuel and make your vehicle last longer Improving fuel economy is easy—just take it easy. It will help make your vehicle last longer, too. Here are some specific tips on how to save money on both fuel and repairs: D Keep your tires inflated at the cor- rect pressure. Underinflation causes tire wear and wastes fuel. See Section 7−2 for instructions.

D Do not carry unneeded weight

in your vehicle. Excess weight puts a heavier the engine, causing greater fuel consumption.