1998 Toyota Avalon Owners Manual

For Canada and California

196

Do−it−yourself service precautions If you perform maintenance by yourself, be sure to follow the correct procedure given in this part. You should be aware that improper or in- complete servicing may result in operating problems. Performing do−it−yourself maintenance during the warranty period may affect your warranty coverage. Read the separate Toyota Warranty statement for details and suggestions. This part gives instructions only for those items that are relatively easy for an owner to perform. As explained in Part 6, there are still a number of items that must be done by a qualified technician with special tools. For information on tools and parts for do− it−yourself maintenance, see ”Parts and tools”. Utmost care should be taken when work- ing on your vehicle to prevent accidental injury. Here are a few precautions that you should be especially careful to ob- serve:

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CAUTION

D When the engine is running, keep hands, clothing, and tools away from the moving fan and engine drive rings, watches, and ties is advisable.)

(Removing

belts.

D Right after driving,

the engine compartment—the engine, radiator, exhaust manifold and spark plug boots, etc.—will be hot. So be care- ful not to touch them. Oil, fluids and spark plugs may also be hot.

D If the engine is hot, do not remove the radiator cap or loosen the drain plugs to prevent burning yourself.

D Do not smoke, cause sparks or al- low open flames around fuel or the battery. Their fumes are flammable.

D Be extremely cautious when work- ing on the battery. It contains poi- sonous and corrosive sulfuric acid.

D Do not get under your vehicle with just the body jack supporting it. Al- ways use automotive jack stands or other solid supports.

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z Do not reuse platinum−tipped spark

plugs by cleaning or regapping.

z Do not overfill automatic transmis- transmission

fluid, or

the

sion could be damaged.

z Do not drive with the air cleaner filter removed, or excessive engine wear could result. Also backfiring could cause a fire in the engine compartment.

z Be careful not to scratch the glass

surface with the wiper frame.

z When closing

the engine hood, check to see that you have not for- gotten any tools, rags, etc.

D Dispose of used oil and filter only in a safe and acceptable manner. Do not dispose of used oil and fil- ter in household trash, in sewers or onto the ground. Call your dealer or a service station information concerning recycling or disposal.

for

NOTICE

z Remember that battery and ignition cables carry high currents or volt- ages. Be careful of accidentally causing a short circuit.

z Add only demineralized or distilled water to fill the radiator. And if you spill some of the coolant, be sure to wash off with water to prevent it from damaging the parts or paint.

z Do not allow dirt or anything else to fall through the spark plug holes. z Do not pry the outer electrode of a spark plug against the center elec- trode.

z Use only spark plugs of the speci- fied type. Using other types will cause engine damage, loss of per- formance or radio noise.

D Be sure that the ignition is off if you work near the electric cooling fans or radiator grille. With the ignition on, the electric cooling fans will automatically start to run if the engine coolant temperature is high and/or the air conditioning is on.

D Use eye protection whenever you work on or under your vehicle where you may be exposed to flying or falling material, fluid spray, etc.

D Used engine oil contains potentially harmful contaminants which may cause skin disorders such as in- flammation or skin cancer, so care should be taken to avoid prolonged and repeated contact with it. To re- move used engine oil from your skin, wash thoroughly with soap and water.

D Do not

leave used oil within the

reach of children.

198

Parts and tools Here is a list of parts and tools you will need on performing do−it−yourself mainte- nance. Remember all Toyota parts are de- signed in metric sizes, so your tools must be metric. Checking the engine oil level Parts (if level is low): D Engine API

oil

”Energy−Conserving ”Energy−Conserving” multigrade ILSAC multigrade proper for your climate

having

II”

grade or

SH, SJ or viscosity

Tools: D Rag or paper towel D Funnel (only for adding oil) Checking the engine coolant level Parts (if level is low): D Ethylene−glycol antifreeze D Demineralized or distilled water Tools: D Funnel (only for adding coolant) Checking brake fluid Parts (if level is low): D SAE J1703 or FMVSS No. 116 DOT 3

brake fluid

Tools: D Rag or paper towel D Funnel (only for adding fluid)

Checking power steering fluid Parts (if level is low): D Automatic

transmission

DEXRON®II or III

Tools: D Rag or paper towel D Funnel (only for adding fluid) Checking battery condition Tools: D Warm water D Baking soda D Grease D Conventional wrench

(for

clamp bolts)

terminal

Checking and replacing fuses Parts (if replacement is necessary): D Fuse with same amperage rating as

original

Tools: D Screwdriver (for passenger’s side kick

panel screw)

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fluid

Adding washer fluid Parts: D Water D Washer fluid containing antifreeze

(for winter use)

Tools: D Funnel Replacing light bulbs Parts: D Bulb with same number and wattage rating as original (See charts in ”Re- placing light bulbs” in Chapter 7−3.)

Tools: D Screwdriver D Conventonal wrench

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Part 7
DO−IT−YOURSELF MAINTENANCE—

Chapter 7−2
Engine and Chassis

D Checking the engine oil level D Checking the engine coolant

level

D Checking brake fluid D Checking power steering fluid D Checking tire pressure D Checking and replacing tires D Rotating tires D Installing snow tires and chains D Replacing wheels D Aluminum wheel precautions

200

Checking the engine oil level

Low level

Full level

Add oil

O.K.

Too full

With the engine at operating tempera- ture and turned off, check the oil level on the dipstick. 1. To get a

the vehicle should be on a level spot. After turning off the engine, wait a few minutes for the oil to drain back into the bottom of the engine.

reading,

true

2. Pull out the dipstick, and wipe it clean

with a rag.

3. Reinsert the dipstick—push it in as far as it will go, or the reading will not be correct.

4. Pull the dipstick out and look at the oil

level on the end.

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CAUTION

Be careful not to touch the hot ex- haust manifold.

If the oil level is below or only slightly above the low level, add engine oil of the same type as already in the engine. Remove the oil filler cap and add engine oil in small quantities at a time, checking the dipstick. The approximate quantity of oil needed to fill between the low level and the full level on the dipstick is indicated below for refer- ence. When the level reaches within the correct range, install the filler cap hand−tight. Oil quantity, L (qt., lmp. qt.):

1.5 (1.6, 1.3)

NOTICE

z Avoid overfilling, or

the engine

could be damaged.

z Check the oil level on the dipstick

once again after adding the oil.

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Oil identification marks Either or both API registered marks are added to some oil containers to help you select the oil you should use. The API Service Symbol is located any- where on the outside of the container. The top portion of the label shows the oil quality by API (American Petroleum Insti- tute) designations such as SJ. The center portion of the label shows the SAE viscos- ity grade such as SAE 5W−30. ”Energy− Conserving” shown in the lower portion, indicates that the oil has fuel−saving ca- pabilities. The ILSAC (International Lubricant Stan- dardization and Approval Committee) Certi- fication Mark is displayed on the front of the container.

Engine oil selection Use API grade SH, ”Energy−Conserving II” or SJ, ”Energy−Conserving” multigrade en- gine oil or ILSAC multigrade engine oil. Recommended viscosity (SAE):

API service symbol

for good

SAE 5W−30 is the best choice for your vehicle, fuel economy and good starting in cold weather. If you use SAE 10W−30 engine oil in extremely low temperatures, the engine may become difficult to start, so SAE 5W−30 engine oil is recommended.

ILSAC certification mark

201

Coolant type selection Your coolant must contain ethylene−glycol antifreeze. In addition to preventing freez- ing and subsequent damage to the engine, this will also prevent corrosion. Further supplemental inhibitors or additives are neither needed nor recommended. Read the antifreeze container for informa- tion on the manufacturer’s directions for how much to mix with water. The total capacity of the cooling system is given in Part 8. We recommend 50 % solution be used for your Toyota, or a sufficient quantity to provide protection to about −35_C (−31_F).

freeze protection. Follow

NOTICE

Do not use alcohol type antifreeze or plain water alone.

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Checking brake fluid

reservoir. The

To check the fluid level, simply look at the see−through level should be between the ”MAX” and ”MIN” lines on the reservoir. It is normal for the brake fluid level to go down slightly as the brake pads wear. So be sure to keep the reservoir filled. If the reservoir needs frequent refilling, it may indicate a serious mechanical prob- lem.

Checking the engine coolant level Look at the see−through coolant reser- voir when the engine is cold. The cool- ant level is satisfactory if it is between the ”FULL” and ”LOW” lines on the reservoir. If the level is low, add ethyl- ene−glycol type coolant. The coolant level in the reservoir will vary with engine temperature. However, if the level is on or below the ”LOW” line, add coolant. Bring the level up to the ”FULL” line. Use only ethylene−glycol See information in the next column. If the coolant level drops within a short time after replenishing, there may be a leak the radiator cap and drain radiator, hoses, cock and water pump. If you can find no leak, have your Toyota dealer test the cap pressure and check for leaks in the cooling system.

the system. Visually check

type coolant.

in

CAUTION

To prevent burning yourself, do not remove the radiator cap when the en- gine is hot.

202

If the level is low, add SAE J1703 or FMVSS No. 116 DOT 3 brake fluid to the brake reservoir. Remove and replace the reservoir cover by hand. Fill the brake fluid to the dotted line. This brings the fluid to the correct level when you put the cover back on. Use only newly opened brake fluid. Once opened, brake fluid absorbs moisture from the air, and excess moisture can cause a dangerous loss of braking.

CAUTION

Take care when filling the reservoir because brake fluid can harm your eyes and damage painted surfaces. If fluid gets in your eyes, flush your eyes with clean water.

NOTICE

If you spill the fluid, be sure to wash it off with water to prevent it from damaging the parts or paint.

Checking power steering fluid

If hot O.K.

Open

Close

If cold O.K.

If hot add

If cold add

Check the fluid level through the reser- voir. If necessary, add automatic trans- mission fluid DEXRONr−II or −III. If the vehicle has been driven around 80
km/h (50 mph) for 20 minutes (a little more in frigid temperatures), the fluid is hot (60_C—80_C or 140_F—175_F). You may also check the level when the fluid is temperature, 10_C—30_C or 50_F—85_F) if the engine has not been run for about five hours.

(about

room

cold

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Clean all dirt from outside of the reservoir tank and look at the fluid level. If the fluid is cold, the level should be in the ”COLD” range. Similarly, if it is hot, the fluid level should be in the ”HOT” range. If the level is at the low side of either range, add automatic transmission fluid DEXRONr−II or −III to bring the level within the range. To remove the filler cap, turn it counter- clockwise and lift up. To reinstall it, turn it clockwise. After replacing the filler cap, visually check the steering box case, vane pump and hose connections for leaks or damage.

CAUTION

The reservoir tank may be hot so be careful not to burn yourself.

NOTICE

Avoid overfilling, or the power steer- ing could be damaged.

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D Do not bleed or reduce tire pressure after driving. It is normal for the tire pressure to be higher after driving.

D Never exceed

the vehicle capacity weight. The passenger and luggage weight should be located so that the vehicle is balanced.

D Be sure to reinstall the tire inflation valve caps. Without the valve caps, dirt or moisture could get into the valve core and cause air leakage. If the caps have been lost, have new ones put on as soon as possible.

Checking tire pressure

Keep your tire pressures at the proper level. The recommended cold tire pressures, tire size and the vehicle capacity weight are given in Part 8. They are also on the tire pressure label as shown. You should check the tire pressures every two weeks, or at least once a month. And do not forget the spare! Incorrect tire pressure can reduce tire life and make your vehicle less safe to drive.

204

the

results

tire pressure

tire pressure

is excessively

Low in excessive wear, poor handling, reduced fuel econo- my, and the possibility of blowouts from overheated tires. Also, low tire pressure can cause poor sealing of the tire bead. If low, there is the possibility of wheel deforma- tion and/or tire separation. High tire pressure produces a harsh ride, handling problems, excessive wear at the center of the tire tread, and a greater possibility of tire damage from road haz- ards. If a tire frequently needs refilling, have it checked by your Toyota dealer. The following instructions for checking tire pressure should be observed: D The pressure should be checked only when the tires are cold. If your ve- hicle has been parked for at least 3
hours and has not been driven for more than 1.5 km or 1 mile since, you will get an accurate cold tire pressure reading.

D Always use a tire pressure gauge. The appearance of a tire can be mis- leading. Besides, that are even just a few pounds off can degrade handling and ride.

tire pressures

Checking and replacing tires

Tread wear indicator

CHECKING YOUR TIRES Check the tire tread for the tread wear indicators. If the indicators show, re- place the tires. The tires on your Toyota have built−in tread wear indicators to help you know when the tires need replacement. When the tread depth wears to 1.6 mm (0.06
in.) or less, the indicators will appear. If you can see the indicators in two or more adjacent grooves, the tire should be re- placed. The lower the tread, the higher the risk of skidding. The effectiveness of snow tires is lost if the tread wears down below 4 mm (0.16 in.).

Check the tires regularly for damage such as cuts, splits and cracks. If any damage is found, consult with a techni- cian and have the tire repaired or re- placed. Even if the damage does not appear seri- ous, a qualified technician should examine the damage. Objects which have pene- trated the tire may have caused internal damage. Any tires which are over six years old must be checked by a qualified techni- cian even if damage is not obvious. Tires deteriorate with age even have never or seldom been used. This also applies to the spare tire and tires stored for future use. REPLACING YOUR TIRES When replacing a tire, use only the same size and construction as original- ly installed and with the same or great- er load capacity. Using any other size or type of tire may seriously affect handling, ride, speedome- ter/odometer calibration, ground clearance, and clearance between the body and tires or snow chains.

they

if

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CAUTION

D Do not mix radial, bias belted, or bias−ply tires on your vehicle. It can cause dangerous handling char- acteristics, resulting in loss of con- trol.

D Do not use tires or wheels other recom-

the manufacturer’s

than mended size.

tire

Toyota recommends all four tires, or at least both of the front or rear tires be replaced at a time as a set. See ”If you have a flat tire” in Part 4 for tire change procedure. When a is replaced, should always be balanced. An unbalanced wheel may affect vehicle handling and tire life. Wheels can get out of balance with regular use and should therefore be balanced occasionally. When replacing a tubeless tire, the air valve should also be replaced with a new one.

the wheel

205

Rotating tires

To equalize tire wear and help extend tire life, Toyota recommends that you rotate your tires approximately every 12000 km (7500 miles). However, the most appropriate timing for tire rotation may vary according to your driving hab- its and road surface conditions. See ”If you have a flat tire” in Part 4 for tire change procedure. When for uneven wear and damage. Abnormal wear is usu- ally caused by incorrect tire pressure, im- proper wheel alignment, out−of−balance wheels, or severe braking.

tires, check

rotating

206

Installing snow tires and chains WHEN TO USE SNOW TIRES OR CHAINS Snow tires or chains are recommended when driving on snow or ice. On wet or dry roads, conventional tires provide better traction than snow tires. SNOW TIRE SELECTION If you need snow tires, select the same size, construction and load capacity as the original tires on your Toyota. Do not use tires other than those men- tioned above. Do not install studded tires without first checking local regulations for possible restrictions. SNOW TIRE INSTALLATION Snow tires should be installed on all wheels. Installing snow tires on the front wheels only can lead to an excessive difference in road grip capability between the front and rear tires which could cause loss of vehicle control. When storing removed tires, you should store them in a cool dry place. Mark the direction of rotation and be sure to install them in the same direction when replacing.

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CAUTION

D Do not drive with the snow tires in-

correctly inflated.

D Never drive over 120 km/h (75 mph)

with any type of snow tires.

TIRE CHAIN SELECTION Use the tire chains of correct size and type. Use SAE Class ”S” type radial tire chains except radial cable chains or V−bar type chains. Regulations regarding the use of tire chains vary according to location or type of road, so always check them before installing chains. CHAIN INSTALLATION Install the chains on the front tires as tightly as possible. Do not use tire tires. Retighten chains on chains after km (1/4—1/2 mile). When installing chains on your tires, care- fully follow the instructions of the chain manufacturer.

rear driving

0.5—1.0

the

If wheel covers are used, they will be scratched by the chain band, so remove the covers before putting on the chains.

CAUTION

D Do not exceed 50 km/h (30 mph) or recom- is

the chain manufacturer’s mended speed lower.

limit, whichever

D Drive carefully avoiding bumps, holes, and sharp turns, which may cause the vehicle to bounce.

D Avoid sharp turns or locked−wheel braking, as use of chains may ad- versely affect vehicle handling.

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Replacement with used wheels is not rec- ommended as they may have been sub- jected to rough treatment or high mileage and could fail without warning. Also, bent wheels which have been straightened may have structural damage and therefore should not be used. Never use an inner tube in a leaking wheel which is designed for a tubeless tire.

Replacing wheels WHEN TO REPLACE YOUR WHEELS If you have wheel damage such as bending, cracks or heavy corrosion, the wheel should be replaced. If you fail to replace damaged wheels, the tire may slip off the wheel or they may cause loss of handling control. WHEEL SELECTION When replacing wheels, care should be taken to ensure that the wheels are re- placed by ones with the same load ca- pacity, diameter, rim width, and offset. Correct replacement wheels are available at your Toyota dealer. A wheel of a different size or type may adversely affect handling, wheel and bear- ing life, brake cooling, speedometer/odom- eter calibration, stopping ability, headlight aim, bumper height, vehicle ground clear- ance, and tire or snow chain clearance to the body and chassis.

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Aluminum wheel precautions D After driving your vehicle the first 1600
km (1000 miles), check that the wheel nuts are tight. repaired, or D If you have changed your the wheel nuts are still tight after driving 1600 km (1000 miles).

rotated, tires, check

that

D When using tire chains, be careful not

to damage the aluminum wheels.

D Use only the Toyota wheel nuts and for your aluminum

wrench designed wheels.

D When balancing your wheels, use only Toyota balance weights or equivalent and a plastic or rubber hammer.

D As with any wheel, periodically check your aluminum wheels for damage. If damaged, replace immediately.

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Part 7
DO−IT−YOURSELF MAINTENANCE—

Chapter 7−3
Electrical components

D Checking battery condition D Battery recharging precautions D Checking and replacing fuses D Adding washer fluid D Replacing light bulbs

Checking battery condition— —Precautions

CAUTION

BATTERY PRECAUTIONS The battery produces flammable and explosive hydrogen gas. D Do not cause a spark from the bat-

tery with tools.

D Do not smoke or light a match near

the battery.

The electrolyte contains poisonous and corrosive sulfuric acid. D Avoid contact with eyes, skin or

clothes.

D Never ingest electrolyte. D Wear protective safety glasses when

working near the battery.

D Keep children away from the bat-

tery.

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D If electrolyte gets on your skin, thoroughly wash the contact area. If you feel pain or burning, get medi- cal attention immediately.

D If electrolyte gets on your clothes, there is a possibility of its soaking through to your skin, so immediate- ly take off the exposed clothing and follow the procedure above, if nec- essary.

D If you happen to swallow electro- lyte, drink a large quantity of water or milk. Follow with milk of magne- sia, beaten raw egg or vegetable oil. Then go immediately for emer- gency help.

EMERGENCY MEASURES D If electrolyte gets

in your eyes, flush your eyes with clean water immediately immediate medical attention. If possible, con- tinue to apply water with a sponge or cloth while en route to the medi- cal office.

and get

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—Checking battery exterior

—Checking battery fluid

Terminals

Ground cable

NOTICE

Type A

Green

Dark

Clear or light yellow

z Be sure the engine and all accesso- ries are off before performing main- tenance.

z When checking the battery, remove the ground cable from the negative terminal (”—” mark) first and rein- stall it last.

z Be careful not to cause a short cir-

cuit with tools.

z Take care no solution gets into the

battery when washing it.

Hold−down clamp

Check the battery for corroded or loose terminal connections, cracks, or loose hold−down clamp. a.

If the battery is corroded, wash it off with a solution of warm water and bak- ing soda. Coat the outside of the termi- nals with grease to prevent further cor- rosion. If the terminal connections are loose, tighten their clamp nuts—but do not overtighten.

b.

c. Tighten

the hold−down clamp only enough to keep the battery firmly in place. Overtightening may damage the battery case.

Type B

Blue

White

Red

CHECKING BY THE HYDROMETER Check the battery condition by hydrometer color.

the

Hydrometer color

Type A

Type B

GREEN

BLUE

DARK

WHITE

Condition

Good

Charging necessary. Have battery checked by your Toyota dealer.

CLEAR or LIGHT YELLOW

RED

Have battery checked by your Toyota dealer.

211

Battery recharging precautions During recharging, the battery is pro- ducing hydrogen gas. Therefore, before recharging: 1. If recharging with the battery installed on the vehicle, be sure to disconnect the ground cable.

2. Be sure the power switch on the re- charger the charger cables to the battery and when disconnecting them.

is off when connecting

CAUTION

D Always charge the battery in an un- confined area. Do not charge the battery in a garage or closed room where there is not sufficient ventila- tion.

D Only do a slow charge (5A or less). Charging at a quicker rate is dan- gerous. The battery may explode, causing personal injuries.

NOTICE

Never recharge the battery while the engine is running. Also, be sure all accessories are turned off.

212

Checking and replacing fuses

Type A

Type B

Type C

Good

Blown

Good

Blown

Good

Blown

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If the headlights or other electrical components do not work, check the fuses. If any of the fuses are blown, they must be replaced. See ”Fuse locations” in Chapter 7−1 for locations of the fuses. Turn the ignition switch and inoperative component off. Pull a suspected fuse straight out and check it. Determine which fuse may be causing the problem. The lid of the fuse box shows the name of the circuit for each fuse. See Part 8 of this manual for the functions controlled by each circuit.

Type A fuses can be pulled out by the pull−out tool. The location of the pull−out tool is shown in the illustration. If you are not sure whether the fuse has blown, try replacing the suspected fuse with one that you know is good. If the fuse has blown, push a new fuse into the clip. Only install a fuse with the amperage rat- ing designated on the fuse box lid. If you do not have a spare fuse, in an emergency you can pull out the ”TEL”, ”RAD NO.1” or ”A.C” fuse, which may be dispensable for normal driving, and use it if its amperage rating is the same. If you cannot use one of the same amper- age, use one that is lower, but as close as possible to the rating. If the amperage is fuse might blow out again but this does not indicate anything wrong. Be sure to get the correct fuse as soon as possible and return the substitute to its original clip. It is a good idea to purchase a set of spare fuses and keep them in your ve- hicle for emergencies.

that specified,

lower

than

the

the new

If fuse immediately blows out, there is a problem with the electrical sys- tem. Have your Toyota dealer correct it as soon as possible.

CAUTION

Never use a fuse with a higher am- perage rating, or any other object, in place of a fuse. This may cause ex- tensive damage and possibly a fire.

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Adding washer fluid If any washer does not work, the wash- er tank may be empty. Add washer fluid. You may use plain water as washer fluid. in cold areas where tempera- However, tures freezing point, use washer fluid containing antifreeze. This product is available at your Toyota dealer and most auto parts stores. Follow the manufacturer’s directions for how much to mix with water.

range below

NOTICE

Do not use engine antifreeze or any other substitute because it may dam- age your vehicle’s paint.

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—Headlights

Type

1. Unplug the connector while depress-

ing the lock release.

If the connector is tight, wiggle it.

51

60

55

27/8

21
21/5
3.8
18

18

1.2

Light bulbs

Headlights (low beam)

Headlights (high beam)

Front fog lights Parking and front turn signaol lights

Rear turn signal lights Stop and tail lights Rear side marker lights Back−up lights License plate lights High mounted stop light

Interior light Front personal lights Rear personal lights Glovebox light Door courtesy lights Trunk light

Bulb No.

9006

9005

—

3157
NA

7440
7443
168
921
168

921

— — — — 194
—

A: HB4 halogen bulbs B: HB3 halogen bulbs C: H3 halogen bulbs D: Single end bulbs E: Wedge base bulbs F: Double end bulbs

following

illustrations show how

Replacing light bulbs— The to gain access to the bulbs. When replacing a bulb, make sure the ignition switch and light switch are off. Use bulbs with the wattage ratings given in the table.

CAUTION

Halogen bulbs have pressurized gas inside and require special handling. They can burst or shatter if scratched or dropped. Hold a bulb only by its plastic or metal case. Do not touch the glass part of a bulb with bare hands.

NOTICE

Only use a bulb of the listed type.

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—Front fog lights

2. Turn the bulb and remove it.

3. Install a new bulb and the connector

into the mounting hole.

Aiming is not necessary after replacing the bulb. When aiming adjustment is nec- essary, contact your Toyota dealer.

1. Remove the bolts and clips, take out

the engine under cover.

Remove and install the cover clips as shown in the following illustration.

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Removing cover clips

2. Turn the cover counterclockwise and

remove it.

3. Disconnect the cords.

Installing cover clips

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—Parking and front turn signal lights

4. Release

the bulb retaining spring and remove the bulb. Install a new bulb and the bulb retaining spring.

To install the bulb, align the cutouts of the bulb with the mounting hole.

the protrusions of

5. Connect the cords and

install the

cover by turning it clockwise.

Install the engine under cover securely.

Use a Phillips−head screwdriver.

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—Rear turn signal, stop and tail, and rear side maker lights

a: Rear turn signal light b: Stop and tail light c: Rear side maker light

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—Stop and tail, and back−up lights

Remove and shown in the following illustrations.

install the cover clips as

Removing cover clips

Installing cover clips

a: Stop and tail light b: Back−up light

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—License plate lights

Remove and shown in the following illustrations.

install the cover clips as

Removing cover clips

220

Installing cover clips

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—High mounted stoplight (type A)

—High mounted stoplight (type B)

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Part 8
SPECIFICATIONS

D Dimensions and weight D Engine D Fuel D Service specifications D Tires D Fuses

Dimensions and weight

Overall length

Overall width

Overall height

Wheelbase

Front tread

Rear tread

Vehicle capacity weight (occupants ) luggage

mm (in.)

mm (in.)

mm (in.)

mm (in.)

mm (in.)

mm (in.)

kg (lb.)

4875 (192.0)

1790 (70.5) 1440 (56.7)∗1
2720 (107.0)

1550 (61.0)

1525 (60.0) 410 (904)∗2
475 (1047)∗3

∗1: Unladen vechicle ∗2: With floor shift type automatic transmission ∗3: With column shift type automatic transmission

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Engine Model:

1MZ−FE

Type:

6 cylinder V type 4 cycle, gasoline

Bore and stroke, mm (in.): 87.5 x 83.0 (3.44 x 3.27) Displacement, cm3 (cu. in.):

2995 (182.8)

Fuel Fuel type:

Unleaded gasoline, Octane Rating 87
(Research Octane Number 91) or higher. For improved vehicle performance, the use of premium unleaded gasoline with an Octane Rating of 91 (Research Oc- tane Number 96) or higher is recom- mended.

Service specifications ENGINE Valve clearance (engine cold), mm (in.): 0.15—0.25 (0.006—0.010) 0.25—0.35 (0.010—0.014)

Intake Exhaust

Spark plug type:

DENSO NGK

PK20TR11
BKR6EKPB11

Fuel tank capacity, L (gal., Imp. gal.):

Spark plug gap, mm(in.):

70 (18.5, 15.4)

1.1 (0.043)

Drive belt tension measured with Borroughs drive belt tension gauge No. BT−33−73F (used belt), Ibf: Generator belt

115"10

Power steering pump belt

115"20
ENGINE LUBRICATION Oil capacity (drain and refill), L (qt., Imp. qt.):

With filter Without filter

4.7 (5.0, 4.1) 4.5 (4.8, 4.0)

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BATTERY Open voltage∗ at 20_C (68_F): 12.6—12.8 V Fully charged 12.2—12.4 V Half charged 11.8—12.0 V Discharged

∗: Voltage that is checked 20 minutes after the key is removed with all the lights turned off

Charging rates:

5 A max.

AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE Automatic transmission

Fluid capacity (drain and refill), L (qt., Imp. qt.):

Up to 3.5 (3.7, 3.1)

Differential

BRAKES Minimum pedal clearance when depressed with the pressure of 490 N (50 kgf, 110
lbf) with the engine running, mm (in.)

70 (2.8)

Pedal freeplay, mm (in.):

1—6 (0.04—0.24)

Pad wear limit, in. (mm):

1.0 (0.04)

Lining wear limit, in. (mm):

1.0 (0.04)

Parking brake adjustment when depressed with the pressure of 294 N (30 kgf, 66.1
lbf):

3–6 clicks

Fluid type:

Fluid capacity, L (qt., Imp. qt.):

SAE J1703 or FMVSS No. 116 DOT 3

0.85 (0.9, 0.7)

Fluid type:

Automatic DEXRONrIII (DEXRONrII)

transmission

fluid D−II or

STEERING Wheel freeplay:

Less than 30 mm (1.2 in.)

Power steering fluid type:

Automatic transmission fluid DEXRONrII or III

Oil grade:

API grade SH, ”Energy−Conserving II” or SJ, ”Energy−Conserving” multigrade engine oil or ILSAC multigrade engine oil is recommended.

Recommended oil viscosity (SAE):

COOLING SYSTEM Total capacity, L (qt., Imp. qt.):

9.3 (9.8, 8.2)

Coolant type:

With ethylene−glycol antifreeze (Do not use alcohol type.)

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Fuses

Tires Tire size:

P205/65R15 92H

Tire pressure, kPa (kPa (kgf/cm2 or bar, psi):

Front Rear

220 (2.2, 32) 220 (2.2, 32)

Wheel size: 15 x 6JJ

Wheel nut torque, N@m (kgfm, ft@lbf):

103 (10.5, 76)

Engine compartment (U.S.A)

Engine compartment (Canada)

Fuses (type A) 1. SPARE 7.5 A: Spare fuse 2. EFI 15 A: Multiport fuel injection sys- tem/sequential multiport injection system, air conditioning system, electri- cal idle−up system, electronically con- trolled automatic transmission system

fuel

3. HORN 10 A: Horn 4. OBD. TRAC 7.5 A: On−board diagnosis

system

5. OBD 7.5 A: On−board diagnosis sys-

tem

6. HAZ 10 A: Turn signal lights, emergen-

cy flasher

7. DOME 7.5 A:

Interior

light, personal light, vanity mirror light, door courtesy light, ignition switch light, trunk light, power door lock control, locking with wireless remote control system, theft deterrent system, automatic light con- trol system, daytime running light sys- tem, service reminder indicators and warning buzzer, clock

8. HEAD (LH) 15 A: Left−hand headlight 9. HEAD (RH) 15 A: Right−hand headlight

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Engine compartment

Engine compartment (for Canada)

Engine compartment (for California)

10. HEAD HI (LH) 15 A: Left−hand head-

light (high beam)

11. HEAD HI (RH) 15 A: Right−hand head-

17. TEL 15 A: No circuit 18. HEAD LO (LH) 10 A: Left−hand head-

light (low beam)

light (high beam)

12. ALT−S 5 A: Charging system 13. AM2 30 A: Gauge and meters, SRS airbag system, seat belt pretensioners, Multiport fuel injection system/sequen- tial multiport injection system, starter system

fuel

14. ECU−B 5A: Cruise control system, air

conditioning system

15. SPARE 15 A: Spare fuse 16. SPARE 30 A: Spare fuse 228

19. HEAD LO

(RH) 10 A: Right−hand

headlight (low beam)

20. RAD NO.1 15 A: Car audio system 21. FOG 15 A: Front fog lights 22. DRL 5 A: Daytime running light system 23. A/F 25 A: Air/fuel heater 24. SRS 5 A: SRS airbag system, seat

belt pretensioners

25. IGN 5 A: Gauge and meters, SRS air- bag system, seat belt pretensioners, multiport fuel injection system/sequen- tial multiport fuel injection system 26. SEAT HEATER 20 A: Seat heater 27. TURN 7.5 A: Turn signal lights, emer-

gency flasher

28. ECU−IG 10 A: Cruise control system, anti−lock brake system, shift lock sys- tem, power door lock system, electric cooling fans

29. WIPER 20 A: Windshield wipers and

washer, headlight cleaner

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35. CIG/RADIO 15 A: Cigarette lighter, in- terior lights, clock, SRS airbag system, seat belt pretensioners, shift lock sys- tem, electronically controlled automatic transmission system, air conditioning system, ignition system, theft deterrent system, outside rear view mirror control system, car audio system, service re- minder indicators

36. HEATER 10 A: Air conditioning system,

rear window defogger, starter system

37. STARTER 5 A: Starter system 38. A.C 10 A: Air conditioning system Fuses (type B) 39. MAIN 40 A: ”HEAD (LH)”, ”HEAD HI ”HEAD HI

(RH)” and

”HEAD

(LH)”, (RH)” fuses

40. RDI 30 A: Electric cooling fans 41. CDS 30 A: Electric cooling fans 42. DOOR 30 A: Power door lock system,

power seat

43. RR DEF 40 A: Rear window defogger 44. POWER 30A: Power window, electric

moon roof

229

Instrument panel

Passenger’s side kick panel

30. GAUGE 7.5 A: Gauge and meter, buck−up lights, interior lights, charging system, electronically controlled auto- matic transmission system, cruise con- trol system, power door lock system, service reminder indicators and warning buzzer, automatic light control system, daytime running light system

31. TAIL 15 A: Parking lights, license plate front side marker

lights,

tail

lights, lights

32. STOP 15 A: Stop lights, cruise control system, high mounted stoplight, anti/ lock brake system, shift lock system, multiport fuel injection system/sequen- tial multiport fuel injection system

33. PANEL 5 A: Gauge and meter, car audio system, cigarette lighter, glove- box light, clock, electronically controlled automatic system, air conditioning system, service reminder indicators, turn signal lights, emergency flasher, headlight cleaner, seat heater

transmission

34. MIRROR HEATER 10 A: Mirror heaters

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Fuses (type C) 45. ALT 120 A: Charging system 46. AM1 80 A: ”RR DEF”, ”DOOR”, ”POW- ER”, l/UP”, ”SEAT HEATER”, ”SRS” and ”STOP” fuses

”PANEL”,

”TAIL”,

”DEF

47. ABS 60 A: Anti−lock brake system 48. IG SW 40 A:

”CIG/RADIO” and

”GAUGE” fuses

49. HTR 50 A: ”A.C” fuse

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231

Part 9
REPORTING SAFETY DEFECTS FOR U.S. OWNERS AND UNIFORM TIRE QUALITY GRADING

D Reporting safety defects for U.S.

owners

D Uniform tire quality grading

Reporting safety defects for U.S. owners If you believe that your vehicle has a defect which could cause a crash or could cause injury or death, you should immediately inform the Na- tional Highway Traffic Safety Ad- ministration (NHTSA) in addition to notifying Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc. (Toll−free: 1−800−331−4331).

If NHTSA receives similar com- plaints, it may open an investiga- tion, and if it finds that a safety de- fect exists in a group of vehicles, it may order a recall and remedy campaign. However, NHTSA cannot become involved in individual prob- lems between you, your dealer, or Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc.

’98 AVALON (USA/CANADA)−U

To contact NHTSA, you may either call the Auto Safety Hotline toll−free at 1−800−424−9393 (or 366−0123 in Washington.D.C. area) or write to: NHTSA. U.S.Department of Trans- portation. Washington.D.C. 20590. You can also obtain other information about motor vehicle safety from the Hotline.

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Warning: The temperature grades for this tire are established for a tire that is prop- erly inflated and not overloaded. Exces- sive speed, underinflation, or excessive loading, either separately or in combina- tion, can cause heat buildup and possible tire failure.

tire

Traction A, B, C—The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are A, B, and C, and they represent the tire’s ability to stop on wet pavement as measured under con- trolled conditions on specified government test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor traction per- formance. Warning: The traction grade assigned to this is based on braking (straight ahead) traction tests and does not include cornering (turning) traction. Temperature A, B, C—The temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing the tire’s resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissi- pate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a specified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to de- generate and reduce tire life, and exces- sive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure. The grade C corresponds to a lev- el of performance which all passenger car tires must meet under the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 109. Grades B and A represent higher levels of perfor- mance on the laboratory test wheel than the minimum required by law.

tires must conform

Uniform tire quality grading This information has been prepared in ac- cordance with regulations issued by the National Highway Traffic Safety Adminis- tration of the U.S. Department of Trans- portation. It provides the purchasers and/ or prospective purchasers of Toyota vehicles with information on uniform tire quality grading. Your Toyota dealer will help answer any questions you may have as you read this information. DOT quality grades—All passenger ve- hicle to Federal Safety Requirements to these grades. These quality grades are molded on the sidewall. Treadwear—The is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a specified government test course. For example, a tire graded 150
would wear one and a half (1−1/2) times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual condi- tions of their use, however, and may de- part significantly the norm due to variations in driving habits, service prac- tices and differences in road characteris- tics and climate.

treadwear grade

in addition

from

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Part 1
OPERATION OF INSTRUMENTS AND CONTROLS—

Chapter 1−1
Overview of instruments and controls

D Instrument panel overview D Instrument cluster overview D Indicator symbols on the

instrument panel

’98 AVALON (USA/CANADA)−U

’98 AVALON (USA/CANADA)−U

1. Side vent

2. Side defroster outlet

3. Tilt steering lock release lever

4. Automatic transmission selector lever

(column shift)

5. Center vents

6. Electric moon roof switch or front

interior light, and front personal lights

7. Power door lock switch

8. Power window switches

9. Seat heater switch

10. Glovebox

11. Cup holder

12. Automatic transmission selector lever

(floor shift)

13. Lower vent

14. Parking brake release lever

15. Parking brake pedal

16. Hood lock release lever

Instrument panel overview

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1. Instrument panel light control dial

2. Headlight and

turn signal switch and

front fog light switch

3. Wiper and washer switches

4. Driving pattern selector button

5. Thermometer

6. Clock

7. Emergency flasher switch

8. Car audio

9. Auxiliary box

10. Rear window and outside rear view

mirror defoggers switch

11. Ashtray and cigarette lighter

12. Air conditioning controls

13. Ignition switch

14. Cruise control switch

15. Traction control system off switch

16. Power rear view mirror control switch

17. Headlight cleaner switch

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Instrument cluster overview

1. Engine coolant temperature gauge

4. Odometer and two trip meters

7. Trip meter reset knob

2. Tachometer

3. Service reminder indicators or indicator

lights

5. Speedometer

6. Fuel gauge

8. Theft deterrent system/Engine immobi-

liser system indicator light

’98 AVALON (USA/CANADA)−U

Indicator symbols on the instrument panel

(type A)

Brake system warning light∗1

(type B)

Seat belt reminder light∗1

Discharge warning light∗1

Anti-lock brake system warning light∗1

(type A)

(type B)

Open door warning light∗1

Rear light failure warning light∗1

Low oil pressure warning light∗1

SRS airbag warning light∗1

Malfunction indicator lamp∗1

Low fuel level warning light∗1

Traction control system off indicator/warning light∗1

Low windshield washer and headlight cleaner fluid level warning light∗1

’98 AVALON (USA/CANADA)−U

Turn signal indicator lights

Headlight high beam indicator light

Overdrive−off indicator light

Driving pattern indicator light

Cruise control indicator light∗2

Automatic transmission indicator lights

Slip indicator light

∗1: For details, see ”Service reminder indicators and warning

buzzers” in Chapter 1−5. If this light flashes, see ”Cruise control” in Chapter 1−6.

∗2:

Part 1
OPERATION OF INSTRUMENTS AND CONTROLS—

Chapter 1−2
Keys and Doors

D Keys D Engine immobiliser system D Side doors D Power windows D Trunk lid D Hood D Theft deterrent system D Fuel tank cap D Electric moon roof

’98 AVALON (USA/CANADA)−U

Keys (without engine immobiliser system)

Your vehicle is supplied with two kinds of key. 1. Master key—This key works in every

lock.

2. Subkey—This key will not work in the

glovebox and trunk.

To protect things locked in the glovebox or trunk when you have your vehicle parked, leave the subkey with the atten- dant. Since