2006 Subaru Tribeca Owners Manual

ics Control system is an indica- tion that the road being travelled on has a slippery surface; since having Vehicle Dynamics Control is no guarantee that full vehicle control will be maintained at all times and under all conditions, its activation should be seen as a sign that the speed of the vehicle should be reduced considerably. (cid:121) Whenever suspension compo- nents, steering components, or an axle are removed from a vehicle equipped with Vehicle Dynamics Control, have an authorized SUBARU dealer perform an in- spection of that system.

(cid:121) The following precautions should be observed in order to ensure that the Vehicle Dynamics Control system is operating properly: – All four wheels should be fitted with tires of the same size, type, and brand. Furthermore, the amount of wear should be the same for all four tires.

– Keep the tire pressure at the proper level as shown on the vehicle placard attached to the driver’s side door pillar.

In the event of wheelspin and/or skidding on a slippery road surface and/or during cornering and/or an evasive maneuver, the Vehicle Dynamics Control system ad- justs the engine’s output and the wheels’ respective braking forces to help maintain traction and directional control. (cid:121) Traction Control Function The traction control function is designed to prevent spinning of the driving wheels on slippery road surfaces, thereby helping to maintain traction and directional control. Activation of this function is shown by steady illumination of the Vehicle Dynam- ics Control operation indicator light. (cid:121) Skid Suppression Function The skid suppression function is designed to help maintain directional stability by suppressing the wheels’ tendency to slide sideways during steering operations. Acti- vation of this function is shown by flashing of the Vehicle Dynamics Control operation indicator light. NOTE (cid:121) Slight twitching of the brake pedal

may be felt when the Vehicle Dynamics Control system operates; a small de- gree of vehicle or steering wheel shak- ing may also be noticed in this situa- tion. These are normal characteristics of Vehicle Dynamics Control operation and are no cause for alarm. (cid:121) When driving off immediately after starting the engine, a short-lived oper- ation noise may be noticed coming from the engine compartment. This noise is generated as a result of a check being performed on the Vehicle Dynamics Control system and is nor- mal. (cid:121) Depending on the timing of activa- tion of the brakes, certain situations may occur just after driving off where the brake pedal seems to exhibit a jolt- ing motion. This too is a consequence of the Vehicle Dynamics Control opera- tional check and is normal. (cid:121) In the circumstances listed in the fol- lowing, the vehicle may be more unsta- ble than it feels to the driver. The Vehi- cle Dynamics Control System may therefore operate. Such operation does not indicate a system fault.

(cid:121) on gravel-covered or rutted roads (cid:121) on unfinished roads (cid:121) when the vehicle is towing a trailer (cid:121) when the vehicle is fitted with

snow tires or winter tires

(cid:121) Activation of the Vehicle Dynamics Control system will cause operation of the steering wheel to feel slightly dif- ferent compared to that for normal con- ditions. (cid:121) Even if the vehicle is equipped with a Vehicle Dynamics Control system, it is important that winter tires be used when driving on snow-covered or icy roads. (All four wheels should be fitted with tires of the same size and brand). Furthermore, if snow chains are to be used, they should be fitted on the front wheels. When a vehicle is fitted with snow chains, however, the effective- ness of the Vehicle Dynamics Control system is reduced and this should be taken into account when driving the ve- hicle in such a condition. (cid:121) It is always important to reduce speed when approaching a corner, even if the vehicle is equipped with Ve- hicle Dynamics Control. (cid:121) All four wheels should be fitted with tires of the same size, type, and brand; furthermore, the amount of wear should be the same for all four tires. If these precautions are not observed and non-matching tires are used, it is quite possible that the Vehicle Dynam- ics Control system will be unable to op-

erate correctly as intended. (cid:121) Always turn off the engine before re- placing a tire as failure to do so may render the Vehicle Dynamics Control system unable to operate correctly.

(cid:132) Vehicle Dynamics Control

system monitor

(cid:84) Vehicle Dynamics Control operation

indicator light

Starting and operating 7-21

The following two situations could indicate a malfunction of the Vehicle Dynamics Control system; if either should occur, have an authorized SUBARU dealer carry out an inspection of that system at the first available opportunity. (cid:121) The indicator light does not turn on when the ignition key is turned to the ON position. (cid:121) The indicator light does not turn off ap- proximately two seconds after the ignition key has been turned to the ON position. (cid:84) Vehicle Dynamics Control warning light/Traction Control system OFF indicator light

700316
The indicator light turns on when the igni- tion key is turned to the ON position; it turns off approximately two seconds later. This indicator light flashes during activa- tion of the skid suppression function and is illuminated steadily during activation of the traction control function.

700317
This single light has the function of indicat- ing malfunctions in the Vehicle Dynamics Control system and the function of indicat-

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7-22 Starting and operating

ing that the Traction Control system is not operating. It comes on in the event of a malfunction in the system and is illuminat- ed whenever the system is not operating. (cid:86) Vehicle Dynamics Control warning The warning light comes on when the igni- tion switch is turned to the “ON” position and goes off several seconds after engine startup. This lighting pattern indicates that the Vehicle Dynamics Control system is operating normally. The following situations could indicate a malfunction of the Vehicle Dynamics Con- trol system; if any should occur, we rec- ommend that you have an authorized SUBARU dealer carry out an inspection of the system at the first available opportuni- ty. (cid:121) The warning light does not turn on when the ignition key is turned to the ON posi- tion. (cid:121) The warning light turns on while the ve- hicle is being driven. (cid:121) When a malfunction has occurred in the Vehicle Dynamics Control electrical sys- tem, only the warning light will turn on. In such an event, the ABS will still be operat- ing normally. (cid:121) The warning light will also turn on when a problem occurs with the ABS or Vehicle Dynamics Control electronic control sys-

tems. Because the Vehicle Dynamics Control system controls each brake through the ABS, whenever the ABS stops operating due to a malfunction in that electrical sys- tem, the Vehicle Dynamics Control will also become unable to control all four brakes. Thus Vehicle Dynamics Control system operation halts and the warning light turns on. Although both the Vehicle Dynamics Control system and the ABS will be inoperable in this situation, it will still be possible to stop the vehicle using normal braking. The Vehicle Dynamics Control system and the ABS do not ad- versely affect operation of the vehicle in any way when they are inoperable; how- ever should such a situation occur, drive with care and have an authorized SUBARU dealer carry out an inspection of those systems at the first available oppor- tunity. NOTE When the warning light turns on and off in the following way, it indicates that the Vehicle Dynamics Control sys- tem is operating normally. (cid:121) Although turning on after the engine has been started, the warning light quickly turns off and stays off. (cid:121) The warning light turns on when the

vehicle is being driven; it then turns off and stays off. (cid:86) Traction Control system OFF indica-

tor light

This light comes on to indicate that the Traction Control system is in non-opera- tion mode. This does not constitute failure of the Vehicle Dynamics Control system. NOTE (cid:121) The indicator light may stay on for a while after the engine has been started, especially in cold weather. This occurs because the engine has not yet warmed up and is completely normal. The light will turn off when the engine has reached a suitable operating tem- perature. (cid:121) When an engine problem occurs and the malfunction indicator lamp turns on, the indicator light will also come on. The following two situations could indicate malfunction of the Vehicle Dynamics Con- trol system; if either should occur, have an authorized SUBARU dealer carry out an inspection of that system at the first avail- able opportunity. (cid:121) The indicator light does not turn on when the ignition key is turned to the ON position.

Starting and operating 7-23

parable with that of a vehicle that does not have a Traction Control system. Do not deactivate the Traction Control system except when absolutely neces- sary.

(cid:121) The indicator light fails to turn off after the engine is started, even when several minutes have passed to allow the engine to heat up sufficiently.

(cid:132) Traction Control system OFF

switch

700114
Pressing the switch to deactivate the Traction Control system can facilitate the following operations: (cid:121) a standing start on a steeply sloping road with a snowy, gravel-covered, or oth- erwise slippery surface (cid:121) extrication of the vehicle when its wheels are stuck in mud or deep snow When the switch is pressed during engine operation, the indicator light illuminates. The Traction Control system will be deac-

the switch

tivated and the vehicle will behave like a model not equipped with the Traction Control system. When is pressed again to reactivate the Traction Control system, the indicator light goes off. With the Traction Control system deacti- vated, traction enhancement offered by Traction Control system is unavailable. Therefore you should not deactivate the Traction Control system except under above-mentioned situations. NOTE (cid:121) When the switch has been pressed to deactivate the Traction Control sys- tem, the Traction Control system auto- matically reactivates itself the next time the ignition key is turned to the OFF position and the engine is restart- ed. (cid:121) If the switch is held down for 10 sec- onds or longer, the indicator light goes off, the Traction Control system is acti- vated, and the system ignores any fur- ther pressing of the switch. To make the switch usable again, turn the igni- tion key to the OFF position and restart the engine. (cid:121) When the switch is pressed to deac- tivate the Traction Control system, the vehicle’s running performance is com-

7-24 Starting and operating

Tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS)

700318
The tire pressure monitoring system pro- vides the driver with a warning message by sending a signal from a sensor that is installed in each wheel when tire pressure is severely low. The tire pressure monitoring system will activate only when the vehicle is driven at speeds above 20 mph (32 km/h). Also, this system may not react immediately to a sudden drop in tire pressure (for exam- ple, a blow-out caused by running over a sharp object).

If the low tire pressure warning light comes on while driving, never brake suddenly and keep driving straight ahead while gradually reducing speed. Then slowly pull off the road to a safe place. Otherwise an acci- dent involving serious vehicle dam- age and serious personal injury could occur. Check the pressure for all four tires and adjust the pressure to the COLD tire pressure shown on the tire plac- ard on the door pillar on the driver’s side.

Even when the vehicle is driven a very short distance, the tires get warm and their pressures increase accordingly. Be sure to let the tires cool thoroughly before adjusting their pressures to the standard val- ues shown on the tire placard. (Re- fer to the “Tires and wheels” section in chapter 11.) The tire pressure monitoring system does not func- tion when the vehicle is stationary. After adjusting the tire pressures, increase the vehicle speed to at least 20 mph (32 km/h) to start the TPMS re-checking of the tire infla- tion pressures. If the tire pressures are now above the severe low pres- sure threshold, the low tire pressure warning light should go off a few minutes later.

If this light still comes on while driv- ing after adjusting the tire pressure, a tire may have significant damage and a fast leak that causes the tire to lose air rapidly. If you have a flat tire, replace it with a spare tire as soon as possible. When a spare tire is mounted or a wheel rim is replaced without the original pressure sen- sor/transmitter being transferred, the low tire pressure warning light will flash. This indicates the TPMS is unable to monitor all four road wheels. Contact your SUBARU deal- er as soon as possible for tire and sensor replacement and/or system resetting. Do not inject any tire liquid or aero- sol tire sealant into the tires, as this may cause a malfunction of the tire pressure sensors. If the light flash- es, promptly contact a SUBARU dealer to have the system inspect- ed.

Do not place metal film or any metal parts under the driver’s seat. This may cause poor reception of the sig- nals from the tire pressure sensors, and the tire pressure monitoring system will not function properly. NOTE This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules and with RSS-210 of In- dustry Canada. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interfer- ence, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including in- terference that may cause undesired operation. Changes or modifications not express- ly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.

Starting and operating 7-25

Parking your vehicle

(cid:121) Never leave unattended children or pets in the vehicle. They could accidentally injure themselves or others through inadvertent opera- tion of the vehicle. Also, on hot or sunny days, the temperature in a closed vehicle could quickly be- come high enough to cause se- vere or possibly fatal injuries to them.

(cid:121) Do not park the vehicle over flam- mable materials such as dry grass, waste paper or rags, as they may burn easily if they come near hot engine or exhaust sys- tem parts.

(cid:121) Be sure to stop the engine if you take a nap in the vehicle. If engine exhaust gas enters the passenger compartment, occupants in the vehicle could die from carbon monoxide (CO) contained in the exhaust gas.

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7-26 Starting and operating

(cid:121) Never drive while the parking brake is set because this will cause unnecessary wear on the brake linings. Before starting to drive, always make sure that the parking brake has been fully re- leased.

(cid:121) Never drive with your foot on the

parking brake pedal.

700319
To release the parking brake, hold down the brake pedal while pushing the parking brake pedal and slowly releasing it. When the parking brake is set while the engine is running, the parking brake warn- ing light comes on. After starting the vehi- cle, be sure that the warning light has gone out before the vehicle is driven. Re- fer to the “Warning and indicator lights” section (chapter 3). When parking your vehicle, always set the parking brake firmly and put the selector lever in the “P” (Park) position. Always set the parking brake firmly when parking your vehicle. Never rely on the transmis- sion alone to hold the vehicle.

700320
When parking on a hill, always turn the steering wheel. When the vehicle is head- ed up the hill, the front wheels should be turned away from the curb.

When facing downhill, the front wheels should be turned into the curb.

700321

700327
To set the parking brake, hold down the brake pedal while pushing the parking brake pedal as far as it will go.

Cruise control Cruise control enables you to maintain a constant vehicle speed without holding your foot on the accelerator pedal and it is operative when the vehicle speed is 25
mph (40 km/h) or more. Make sure the main switch is turned “OFF” when the cruise control is not in use to avoid unin- tentionally setting the cruise control. NOTE If you move the cruise control lever or press the main switch button while turning the ignition switch “ON”, the cruise control function is deactivated and the “CRUISE” indicator light flash- es. To reactivate the cruise control function, turn the ignition switch back to the “ACC” or “LOCK” position, and then turn it again to the “ON” position.

Do not use the cruise control under any of the following conditions. This may cause loss of vehicle control: (cid:121) driving up or down a steep grade (cid:121) driving on slippery or winding

roads

(cid:121) driving in heavy traffic

(cid:132) To set cruise control

vehicle reaches the desired speed.

Starting and operating 7-27

1. Push the main switch button.

300332

300333
3. Push the control lever downward in the “SET/COAST” direction and release it. Then release the accelerator pedal.

700322
” indicator light on the com-

The “ bination meter will come on. 2. Depress the accelerator pedal until the

At this time, the “ luminated in the combination meter.

700323
” indicator light is il-

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7-28 Starting and operating

The vehicle will maintain the desired speed. Vehicle speed can be temporarily in- creased while driving with the cruise con- trol activated. Simply depress the acceler- ator pedal to accelerate the vehicle. When the accelerator pedal is released, the ve- hicle will return to and maintain the previ- ous cruising speed.

(cid:132) To temporarily cancel the

cruise control

There are three ways to cancel the cruise control temporarily:

700161
(cid:121) Pull the control lever in the “CANCEL” direction. (cid:121) Depress the brake pedal.

(cid:121) Shift the selector lever into the “N” posi- tion. The “ ” indicator light in the combina- tion meter goes off when the cruise control is cancelled. To resume the cruise control after it has been temporarily canceled and with vehi- cle speed of approximately 20 mph (32
km/h) or more, push the control lever up- ward in the “RES/ACC” direction to return to the original cruising speed automatical- ly. The “ ” indicator light in the combina- tion meter will automatically come on at this time.

(cid:132) To turn off the cruise control There are two ways to turn off the cruise control: (cid:121) Push the main switch again. (cid:121) Turn the ignition switch to the “ACC” or “LOCK” position (but only when the vehi- cle is completely stopped).

(cid:132) To change the cruising speed (cid:84) To increase the speed (by control le-

ver)

300334
Push the control lever upward in the “RES/ACC” direction and hold it until the vehicle reaches the desired speed. Then, release the control lever. The vehicle speed at that moment will be memorized and treated as the new set speed. When the difference between the actual vehicle speed and the set speed is less than 4 mph (6.8 km/h), the set speed can be increased 1 mph (1.6 km/h) each time by pressing the control lever upward in the “RES/ACC” direction quickly within 0.25
second.

(cid:84) To increase the speed (by accelera-

tor pedal)

1. Depress the accelerator pedal to accel- erate the vehicle to the desired speed. 2. Push the control lever downward in the “SET/COAST” direction once. Now the desired speed is set and the vehicle will keep running at that speed without de- pressing the accelerator pedal. NOTE If the difference between the actual ve- hicle speed when the control lever is pushed downward and the speed last time you set is less than 4 mph (6.8 km/ h), the vehicle speed will be lowered by 1 mph (1.6 km/h). This occurs because the cruise control system unit regards this lever operation as that intended to decrease the vehicle speed.

(cid:84) To decrease the speed (by control

lever)

300333
Push the control lever downward in the “SET/COAST” direction and hold it until the vehicle reaches the desired speed. Then, release the control lever. The vehi- cle speed at that moment will be memo- rized and treated as the new set speed. When the difference between the actual vehicle speed and the set speed is less than 4 mph (6.8 km/h), the set speed can be lowered 1 mph (1.6 km/h) each time by pressing the control lever downward in the “SET/COAST” direction quickly within 0.25 second.

Starting and operating 7-29

(cid:84) To decrease the speed (by brake

pedal)

1. Depress the brake pedal to release cruise control temporarily. 2. When the speed decreases to the de- sired speed, press the control lever down- ward in the “SET/COAST” direction once. Now the desired speed is set and the ve- hicle will keep running at that speed with- out depressing the accelerator pedal.

(cid:132) Cruise control indicator light

700322
The cruise control indicator light comes on when the ignition switch is turned to the “ON” position and goes out after approxi- mately three seconds. The light comes on when the “CRUISE” main switch is pressed.

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7-30 Starting and operating

If you move the cruise control lever while turning the ignition switch “ON”, the cruise control function is deactivated and the “CRUISE” indicator light flashes. To reac- tivate the cruise control function, turn the ignition switch back to the “ACC” or “LOCK” position, and then turn it again to the “ON” position.

(cid:132) Cruise control set indicator

light

700323
The cruise control set indicator light comes on when the ignition switch is turned to the “ON” position and goes out after approximately three seconds. The light comes on when vehicle speed has been set.

Driving tips

Trailer hitches ......................................................... Connecting a trailer ................................................ Trailer towing tips ...................................................

8-21
8-22
8-23

New vehicle break-in driving – the first 1,000 miles (1,600 km) .............................................. Fuel economy hints ........................................... Engine exhaust gas (Carbon monoxide) ......... Catalytic converter ............................................. Periodic inspections .......................................... Driving in foreign countries .............................. Driving tips for AWD vehicles ........................... On-pavement and off road driving ................... Winter driving ..................................................... Operation during cold weather .............................. Driving on snowy and icy roads ............................ Corrosion protection .............................................. Snow tires ............................................................... Tire chains ............................................................... Rocking the vehicle ................................................

8-2
8-2
8-2
8-3
8-4
8-4
8-4
8-5
8-7
8-7
8-9
8-10
8-10
8-11
8-11
Loading your vehicle ......................................... 8-11
8-12

Vehicle capacity weight ......................................... GVWR and GAWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating and Gross Axle Weight Rating) ........................... Roof rail and crossbar (if equipped) .....................

8-13
8-13
Trailer hitch (if equipped) .................................. 8-15
8-15
8-17
Trailer towing ...................................................... 8-17
8-17
8-18

Warranties and maintenance ................................. Maximum load limits ..............................................

Connecting a trailer ................................................ When you do not tow a trailer ...............................

8-2 Driving tips

Driving tips

New vehicle break-in driving – the first 1,000 miles (1,600 km) The performance and long life of your ve- hicle are dependent on how you handle and care for your vehicle while it is new. Follow these instructions during the first 1,000 miles (1,600 km): (cid:121) Do not race the engine. And do not al- low engine speed to exceed 4,000 rpm ex- cept in an emergency. (cid:121) Do not drive at one constant engine or vehicle speed for a long time, either fast or slow. (cid:121) Avoid starting suddenly and rapid accel- eration, except in an emergency. (cid:121) Avoid hard braking, except in an emer- gency. The same break-in procedures should be applied to a newly installed or overhauled engine or when brake pads or brake lin- ings are replaced with new ones.

Fuel economy hints The following suggestions will help to save your fuel. (cid:121) Select the proper gear position for the speed and road conditions. (cid:121) Avoid sudden acceleration or decelera- tion. Always accelerate gently until you reach the desired speed. Then try to main- tain that speed for as long as possible. (cid:121) Do not pump the accelerator and avoid racing the engine. (cid:121) Avoid unnecessary engine idling. (cid:121) Keep the engine properly tuned. (cid:121) Keep the tires inflated to the correct pressure shown on the tire placard, which is located under the door latch on the driv- er’s side. Low pressure will increase tire wear and fuel consumption. (cid:121) Use the air conditioner only when nec- essary. (cid:121) Keep the front and rear wheels in prop- er alignment. (cid:121) Avoid carrying unnecessary luggage or cargo.

Engine exhaust gas (Carbon monoxide)

(cid:121) Never inhale engine exhaust gas. Engine exhaust gas contains car- bon monoxide, a colorless and odorless gas which is dangerous, or even lethal, if inhaled.

(cid:121) Always properly maintain the en- gine exhaust system to prevent engine exhaust gas from entering the vehicle.

(cid:121) Never run the engine in a closed space, such as a garage, except for the brief time needed to drive the vehicle in or out of it.

(cid:121) Avoid remaining in a parked vehi- cle for a lengthy time while the en- gine is running. If that is unavoid- able, then use the ventilation fan to force fresh air into the vehicle. (cid:121) Always keep the front ventilator inlet grille free from snow, leaves or other obstructions to ensure that the ventilation system always works properly.

(cid:121) If at any time you suspect that ex- haust fumes are entering the vehi- cle, have the problem checked and corrected as soon as possi- ble. If you must drive under these conditions, drive only with all win- dows fully open.

(cid:121) Keep the rear gate closed while driving to prevent exhaust gas from entering the vehicle.

NOTE Due to the expansion and contraction of the metals used in the manufacture of the exhaust system, you may hear a crackling sound coming from the ex- haust system for a short time after the engine has been shut off. This sound is normal.

Catalytic converter

(cid:121) Avoid fire hazards. Do not drive or park the vehicle anywhere near flammable materials (e.g. grass, paper, rags or leaves), because the catalytic converter operates at very high temperatures.

(cid:121) Keep everyone and flammable materials away from the exhaust pipe while the engine is running. The exhaust gas is very hot.

Driving tips 8-3

es, thus providing cleaner exhaust. To avoid damage to the catalytic convert- er: (cid:121) Use only unleaded gasoline. Even a small amount of leaded gasoline will dam- age the catalytic converter. (cid:121) Never start the engine by pushing or pulling the vehicle. (cid:121) Avoid racing the engine. (cid:121) Never turn off the ignition switch while the vehicle is moving. (cid:121) Keep your engine tuned-up. If you feel the engine running rough (misfiring, back- firing or incomplete combustion), have your vehicle checked and repaired by an authorized SUBARU dealer. (cid:121) Do not apply undercoating or rust pre- vention treatment to the heat shield of cat- alytic converter and the exhaust system.

800200
The catalytic converter is installed in the exhaust system. It serves as catalyst to reduce HC, CO and NOx in exhaust gas-

8-4 Driving tips

Periodic inspections To keep your vehicle in the best condition at all times, always have the recommend- ed maintenance services listed in the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet” performed at the specified time or mileage intervals.

Driving in foreign countries When planning to use your vehicle in an- other country: (cid:121) Confirm the availability of the correct fu- el. (Refer to the “Fuel requirements” sec- tion in chapter 7.) (cid:121) Comply with all regulations and require- ments of each country.

Driving tips for AWD vehicles

(cid:121) Always maintain a safe driving speed according to the road and weather conditions in order to avoid having an accident on a sharp turn, during sudden braking or under other similar conditions. (cid:121) Always use the utmost care in driving – overconfidence because you are driving an All-Wheel Drive vehicle could easily lead to a seri- ous accident.

800004
All-Wheel Drive distributes the engine power to all four wheels. AWD vehicles

speedometer/odometer calibration, and clearance between the body and tires. It also may be dangerous and lead to loss of vehicle control. (cid:121) If you use a temporary spare tire to re- place a flat tire, be sure to use the original temporary spare tire stored in the vehicle. Using other sizes may result in severe mechanical damage to the drive train of your vehicle. (cid:121) Always check the cold tire pressure be- fore starting to drive. The recommended tire pressure is provided on the tire plac- ard, which is located under the door latch on the driver’s side. (cid:121) Tire chains should always be placed on the front wheels only. (cid:121) There are some precautions that you must observe when towing your vehicle. For detail information, see “Towing” sec- tion in chapter 9.

provide better traction when driving on slippery, wet or snow-covered roads and when moving out of mud, dirt and sand. By shifting power between the front and rear wheels, SUBARU AWD can also provide added traction during acceleration, and added engine braking force during decel- eration. Therefore, your SUBARU AWD vehicle may handle differently than an ordinary two wheel drive vehicle and it contains some features unique to AWD. For safety purposes as well as to avoid damaging the AWD system, you should keep the fol- lowing tips in mind: (cid:121) An AWD vehicle is better able to climb steeper roads under snowy or slippery conditions than a two wheel drive vehicle. There is little difference in handling, how- ever, during extremely sharp turns or sud- den braking. Therefore, when driving down a slope or turning corners, be sure to reduce your speed and maintain an am- ple distance from other vehicles. (cid:121) When replacing a tire, make sure you use only the same size, circumference, construction, brand, and load range as the original tires listed on the tire placard. Us- ing other sizes, circumferences or con- struction may result in severe mechanical damage to the drive train of your vehicle and may affect ride, handling, braking,

Driving tips 8-5

On-pavement and off road driving

(cid:121) In a rollover crash, an unbelted person is significantly more likely to die than a person wearing a seat belt. You the driver and all your passengers should fasten the seatbelts before starting to drive in order to minimize the chance of serious injury or death. (cid:121) Do not make sharp turns and quick maneuvers unless abso- lutely unavoidable. Such actions are dangerous as you may lose control, possibly resulting in a rollover which could cause death or serious injury.

(cid:121) Always maintain a safe driving speed according to the road and weather conditions in order to avoid having an accident on a sharp turn, during sudden braking or under other similar conditions.

– CONTINUED –

8-6 Driving tips

(cid:121) Whenever strong crosswinds are present, slow down sufficiently to maintain control of your vehicle. Remember that your vehicle, with its higher profile and center of gravity, is more likely to be affect- ed by crosswinds than ordinary passenger cars.

(cid:121) Always use the utmost care in driving – overconfidence because you are driving an All-Wheel Drive vehicle could easily lead to a seri- ous accident.

Your B9 TRIBECA is classified as a utility vehicle. Utility vehicles feature a higher ground clearance which enables them to be used for wide applications including off-road driving, but a higher center of gravity in relation to the tread width as compared with ordinary passenger cars makes vehicles of this type more likely to roll over. In reality, utility vehicles have a significantly higher rollover rate than other types of vehicles. The high ground clear- ance of this vehicle is a real advantage, giving you a better view of the road and al- lowing you to anticipate problems earlier. However, remember that your utility vehi- cle is not designed for high-speed corner- ing comparable to ordinary passenger cars and that your vehicle could roll over if

you make a sharp turn at high speed. If you do take your SUBARU off-road, cer- tain common sense precautions such as the following should be taken: (cid:121) Make certain that you and all of your passengers are wearing seatbelts. (cid:121) Carry some emergency equipment, such as a towing rope or chain, a shovel, wheel blocks, first aid kit and cell phone or citizens band radio. (cid:121) Drive carefully. Do not take unneces- sary risks by driving in dangerous areas or over rough terrain. (cid:121) Slow down and employ extra caution at all times. When driving off-road, you will not have the benefit of marked traffic lanes, banked curves, traffic signs and the like. (cid:121) Do not drive across steep slopes. In- stead, drive either straight up or straight down the slopes. A vehicle can much more easily tip over sideways than it can end over end. Avoid driving straight up or down slopes that are too steep. (cid:121) Avoid sharp turning maneuvers, espe- cially at higher speeds. (cid:121) Do not grip the inside or spokes of the steering wheel. A bad bump could jerk the wheel and injure your hands. Instead drive with your fingers and thumbs on the out- side of the rim. (cid:121) If driving through water, such as when

crossing shallow streams, first check the depth of the water and the bottom of the stream bed for firmness and ensure that the bed of the stream is flat. Drive slowly and completely through the stream. The water should be shallow enough that it does not reach the vehicle’s undercar- riage. Water entering the engine air intake or the exhaust pipe or water splashing onto electrical parts may damage your ve- hicle and may cause it to stall. Never at- tempt to drive through rushing water; re- gardless of its depth, it can wash away the ground from under your tires, resulting in possible loss of traction and even vehicle rollover. (cid:121) Always check your brakes for effective- ness immediately after driving in sand, mud or water. Do this by driving slowly and stepping on the brake pedal. Repeat that process several times to dry out the brake discs and brake pads. (cid:121) Do not drive or park over or near flam- mable materials such as dry grass or fall- en leaves, as they may burn easily. The exhaust system is very hot while the en- gine is running and right after engine stops. This could create a fire hazard. (cid:121) After driving through tall grass, mud, rocks, sand, rivers, etc., check that there is no grass, bush, paper, rags, stones, sand, etc. adhering to or trapped on the

roads or off roads will necessitate more frequent replacement of engine oil, brake fluid and transmission oil than that speci- fied in the maintenance schedule de- scribed in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. Remember that damage done to your SUBARU while operating it off-road and not using common sense precautions such as those listed above is not eligible for warranty coverage.

underbody. Clear off any such matter from the underbody. If the vehicle is used with these materials trapped or adhering to the underbody, a mechanical breakdown or fire could occur. (cid:121) Secure all cargo carried inside the vehi- cle and make certain that it is not piled higher than the seatbacks. During sudden stops or jolts, unsecured cargo could be thrown around in the vehicle and cause in- jury. Do not pile heavy loads on the roof. Those loads raise the vehicle’s center of gravity and make it more prone to tip over. (cid:121) If you must rock the vehicle to free it from sand or mud, depress the accelera- tor pedal slightly and move the selector le- ver back and forth between “D” and “R” re- peatedly. Do not race the engine. For the best possible traction, avoid spinning the wheels when trying to free the vehicle. (cid:121) When the road surface is extremely slippery, you can obtain better traction by starting the vehicle with the transmission in 2nd than 1st. (cid:121) Never equip your vehicle with tires larg- er than those specified in this manual. (cid:121) Wash the vehicle’s underbody after off- road driving. Suspension components are particularly prone to dirt buildup, so they need to be washed thoroughly. (cid:121) Frequent driving of an AWD vehicle un- der hard-driving conditions such as rough

Driving tips 8-7

Winter driving

800201

(cid:132) Operation during cold weath-

er

Carry some emergency equipment, such as tire chains, a window scraper, a bag of sand, flares, a small shovel, and jumper cables. Check the battery and cables. Cold tem- peratures reduce battery capacity. The battery must be in good condition to pro- vide enough power for cold winter starts. Use an engine oil of proper grade and vis- cosity for cold weather. Heavy summer oil will cause harder starting. Keep the door locks from freezing by – CONTINUED –

8-8 Driving tips

squirting them with deicer or glycerin. Forcing a frozen door open may damage or separate the rubber weather strips around the door. If the door is frozen, use hot water to melt the ice, and afterwards thoroughly wipe the water away. Use a windshield washer fluid that con- tains an antifreeze solution. Do not use engine antifreeze or other substitutes be- cause they may damage the paint of the vehicle. SUBARU Windshield Washer Fluid con- tains 58.5% methyl alcohol and 41.5% surfactant, by volume. Its freezing temper- ature varies according to how much it is di- luted, as indicated in the following table.

Washer Fluid Concentration

30% 50% 100%

Freezing Temperature 10.4°F (–12°C) –4°F (–20°C) –49°F (–45°C)

In order to prevent freezing of washer flu- id, check the freezing temperatures in the table above when adjusting the fluid con- centration to the outside temperature. If you fill the reservoir tank with a fluid with a different concentration from the one used previously, purge the old fluid from

the piping between the reservoir tank and washer nozzles by operating the washer for a certain period of time. Otherwise, if the concentration of the fluid remaining in the piping is too low for the outside tem- perature, it may freeze and block the noz- zles.

Adjust the washer fluid concentra- tion appropriately for the outside temperature. If the concentration is inappropriate, sprayed washer fluid may freeze on the windshield and obstruct your view, and the fluid may freeze in the reservoir tank. (cid:84) Before driving your vehicle Before entering the vehicle, remove any snow or ice from your shoes because that could make the pedals slippery and dan- gerous. While warming up the vehicle before driv- ing, check that the accelerator pedal, brake pedal, and all other controls operate smoothly. Clear away ice and snow that has accu- mulated under the fenders to avoid mak- ing steering difficult. During severe winter driving, stop when and where it is safe to

do so and check under the fenders period- ically. (cid:84) Parking in cold weather

Snow can trap dangerous exhaust gases under your vehicle. Keep snow clear of the exhaust pipe and from around your vehicle if you park the vehicle in snow with the engine running. Do not use the parking brake when park- ing for long periods in cold weather since it could freeze in that position. Instead, ob- serve the following. 1. Place the selector lever in “P” position. 2. Use tire stops under the tires to prevent the vehicle from moving. When the vehicle is parked in snow or when it snows, raise the wiper blades off the glass to prevent damage to them. When the vehicle has been left parked af- ter use on roads heavily covered with snow, or has been left parked during a snowstorm, icing may develop on the brake system, which could cause poor braking action. Check for snow or ice buildup on the suspension, disc brakes and brake hoses underneath the vehicle.

If there is caked snow or ice, remove it, being careful not to damage the disc brakes and brake hoses and ABS har- ness. (cid:84) Refueling in cold weather To help prevent moisture from forming in the fuel system and the risk of its freezing, use of an antifreeze additive in the fuel tank is recommended during cold weath- er. Use only additives that are specifically de- signed for this purpose. When an anti- freeze additive is used, its effect lasts longer if the tank is refilled whenever the fuel level reaches half empty. If your SUBARU is not going to be used for an extended period, it is best to have the fuel tank filled to capacity.

(cid:132) Driving on snowy and icy

roads

Do not use the cruise control on slippery roads such as snowy or icy roads. This may cause loss of vehi- cle control.

Avoid prolonged continuous driving in snowstorms. Snow will enter the engine’s intake system and may hinder the air flow, which could re- sult in engine shutdown or even breakdown. To prevent skidding and slipping, avoid sudden braking, abrupt acceleration, high- speed driving, and sharp turning when driving on snowy or icy roads. Always maintain ample distance between your vehicle and the vehicle ahead of you to avoid the need for sudden braking. To supplement the foot brake, use the en- gine brake effectively to control the vehi- cle speed. (Shift into a lower gear when necessary.) Avoid shifting down abruptly. Such behav- ior can cause the wheels to lock, possibly leading to loss of vehicle control. An anti-lock brake system (ABS) enhanc- es your vehicle’s braking performance on snowy and icy roads. Refer to the “ABS (Anti-lock Brake System)” and “Vehicle Dynamics Control system” section in chapter 7 for information on braking on slippery surfaces.

Driving tips 8-9

(cid:84) Wiper operation when snowing Before driving in cold weather, make sure the wiper blades are not frozen to the windshield or rear window. If the wiper blades are frozen to the windshield or rear window, use the defroster with the airflow control button in the “ ” position and the temperature control dial set for maxi- mum warmth until the wiper blades are completely thawed out. If your vehicle is equipped with a wiper deicer, it is helpful to thaw the windshield wiper blades. To thaw out the rear wiper blade, use the rear window defogger. When driving in snow, if frozen snow starts to stick on the surface of the wind- shield despite wiper operation, use the de- froster with the airflow control button in “ ” and the temperature control dial set for maximum warmth. After the wind- shield gets warmed enough to melt the frozen snow on it, wash it away using the windshield washer. Snow stuck on the wiper arm prevents the wiper from working effectively. If snow is stuck on the wiper arm, pull off the road to a safe place, then remove it. If you stop the vehicle at road side, use the hazard warning flasher to alert other drivers. We recommend use of non-freezing type

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8-10 Driving tips

wiper blades (winter blades) during the seasons you could have snow and sub- zero temperatures. Blades of this type give superior wiping performance in snowy conditions. Be sure to use blades that are suitable for your vehicle.

During high-speed driving, non- freezing type wiper blades may not perform as well as standard wiper blades. If this happens, reduce the vehicle speed. NOTE When the season requiring non-freez- ing type wiper blades is over, replace them with standard wiper blades.

(cid:132) Corrosion protection Refer to the “Corrosion protection” section (chapter 10).

(cid:132) Snow tires

(cid:121) When replacing original tires with winter (snow) tires, make sure you use only the same size and con- struction as recommended. Using other sizes or construction may affect speedometer/odometer cal- ibration and clearance between the body and tires. It also may be dangerous and lead to loss of ve- hicle control.

(cid:121) You must install four winter tires that are of the same size, circum- ferences, construction, brand, and load range. Mixing other siz- es, circumferences or construc- tions may result in severe me- chanical damage to the drive train of your vehicle and may affect ride, handling, braking and speed- ometer/odometer calibration. It also may be dangerous and lead to loss of vehicle control.

(cid:121) Do not use a combination of radi- al, belted bias or bias tires since it may cause dangerous handling characteristics and lead to an ac- cident.

Your vehicle is equipped with “all season tires” which are designed to provide an adequate measure of traction, handling and braking performance in year-round driving. In winter, it may be possible to en- hance performance through use of tires designed specifically for winter driving conditions. If you choose to install winter tires on your vehicle, be sure to use the correct tire size and type. You must install four winter tires that are of the same size, construction, brand and load range and you should nev- er mix radial, belted bias or bias tires since this may result in dangerous handling characteristics. When you choose a tire, make sure that there is enough clearance between the tire and vehicle body. Remember to drive with care at all times regardless of the type of tires on your ve- hicle. Your vehicle comes with P255/55R18
“all season tires” as original equip- ment. You should be aware that some winter tires with that same size desig- nation may actually be too large for the vehicle and may cause rubbing on sharp turns. Listed in the following is the winter tire size that we recommend.

you are driving with tire chains could eas- ily lead to a serious accident.

(cid:132) Rocking the vehicle If you must rock the vehicle to free it from snow, sand, or mud, depress the acceler- ator pedal slightly and move the selector lever back and forth between “D” and “R” repeatedly. Do not race the engine. For the best possible traction, avoid spinning the wheels when trying to free the vehicle. When the road surface is extremely slip- pery, you can obtain better traction by starting the vehicle with the transmission in 2nd than 1st. Refer to the “Automatic transmission” sec- tion in chapter 7 for information on holding the transmission in 2nd position.

Recommended winter (snow) tire size

P255/55R18 stud less

(cid:132) Tire chains

the

Tire chains cannot be used on tires listed in the following because of lack of clearance between the tires and vehicle body. All model: P255/55R 18 winter (snow) tires Driving on snowy grades or icy roads may require the use of tire chains, in which case put genuine SUBARU spring chains on front wheels only. Genuine SUBARU spring chains are available from your SUBARU dealer. These chains can be installed on “all season tires” as origi- nal equipment. Never install them on win- ter (snow) tires. When driving with tire chains, drive at speeds below 19 mph (30 km/h). When a temporary spare tire is on a front wheel, replace the temporary spare tire with the rear tire on the same side of the vehicle, and then fit chains on the front tires. Always use the utmost care when driving with tire chains – overconfidence because

Driving tips 8-11

Loading your vehicle

Never allow passengers to ride on a folded rear seatback or in the cargo area. Doing so may result in serious injury.

100094

(cid:121) Never stack luggage or other car- go higher than the top of the seat- back because it could tumble for- ward and injure passengers in the event of a sudden stop or acci- dent. Keep luggage or cargo low, as close to the floor as possible.

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8-12 Driving tips

(cid:121) When you carry something inside the vehicle, secure it whenever you can to prevent it from being thrown around inside the vehicle during sudden stops, sharp turns or in an accident.

(cid:121) Do not pile heavy loads on the roof. These loads raise the vehi- cle’s center of gravity and make it more prone to tip over.

(cid:121) Secure lengthy items properly to prevent them from shooting for- ward and causing serious injury during a sudden stop.

(cid:121) Never exceed the maximum load limit. If you do, some parts on your vehicle can break, or it can change the way your vehicle han- dles. This could result in loss of control and cause personal injury. Also, overloading can shorten the life of your vehicle.

(cid:121) Do not place anything on the ex- tended luggage cover. Such items could tumble forward in the event of a sudden stop or a collision. This could cause serious injury.

Do not carry spray cans, containers with flammable or corrosive liquids or any other dangerous items inside the vehicle. NOTE For better fuel economy, do not carry unneeded cargo.

(cid:132) Vehicle capacity weight

800202

B00326

The load capacity of your vehicle is deter- mined by weight, not by available cargo space. The maximum load you can carry in your vehicle is shown on the vehicle placard attached to the driver’s side door pillar. It includes the total weight of the driver and all passengers and their be- longings, any optional equipment such as a trailer hitch, roof rack or bike carrier, etc., and the tongue load of a trailer.

GAWR. The front and rear GAWs can be adjusted by relocating luggage inside the vehicle. Even if the total weight of your luggage is lower than the vehicle capacity weight, ei- ther front or rear GAW may exceed the GAWR, depending on the distribution of the luggage. When possible, the load should be evenly distributed throughout the vehicle. If you carry heavy loads in the vehicle, you should confirm that GVW and front and rear GAWs are within the GVWR and GAWR by putting your vehicle on a vehi- cle scale, found at a commercial weighing station. Do not use replacement tires with a lower load range than the originals because they may lower the GVWR and GAWR limitations. Replacement tires with a high- er load range than the originals do not in- crease the GVWR and GAWR limitations.

(cid:132) GVWR and GAWR (Gross Ve-

hicle Weight Rating and Gross Axle Weight Rating)

800203

Certification label

The certification label attached to the driv- er’s side door shows GVWR (Gross Vehi- cle Weight Rating) and GAWR (Gross Axle Weight Rating). The GVW (Gross Vehicle Weight) must never exceed the GVWR. GVW is the combined total of weight of the vehicle, fu- el, driver, all passengers, luggage, any optional equipment and trailer tongue load. Therefore, the GVW changes de- pending on the situation. In addition, the total weight applied to each axle (GAW) must never exceed the

Driving tips 8-13

(cid:132) Roof rail and crossbar (if

equipped)

800252

(cid:121) For cargo carrying purposes, the roof molding must be used to- gether with a roof crossbar kit and the appropriate carrying attach- ment. Otherwise, damage to the roof or paint or a dangerous road hazard due to loss of cargo could result.

– CONTINUED –

8-14 Driving tips

(cid:121) When using the roof crossbar kit, make sure that the total weight of the crossbars, carrying attach- ment and cargo does not exceed the maximum load limit. Overload- ing may cause damage to the ve- hicle and create a safety hazard.

Cargo can be carried after securing the roof crossbar kit to the roof rail and install- ing the appropriate carrying attachment. When installing the roof crossbar kit, fol- low the manufacturer’s instructions. When you carry cargo on the roof using the roof crossbar kit and a carrying attach- ment, never exceed the maximum load limit explained in the following. You should also be careful that your vehicle does not exceed the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) and front and rear Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR). See the “Loading your vehicle” section in this chapter for in- formation on loading cargo into or onto your vehicle. The maximum load limit of the cargo, crossbars and carrying attach- ment must not exceed 150 lbs (67.5 kg). Place the heaviest load at the bottom, nearest the roof, and evenly distribute the cargo. Always properly secure all cargo.

(cid:84) Installing carrying attachments on

the crossbars

When installing any carrying attachment such as a bike carrier, ski carrier, kayak carrier, cargo basket, etc. on the cross- bars, follow the manufacturer’s instruc- tions and make sure that the attachment is securely fixed to the crossbars. Use only attachments designed specifically for the crossbars. A set of the crossbars is de- signed to carry loads (cargo and attach- ment) of not more than 150 lbs (67.5 kg). Before operating the vehicle, make sure that the cargo is properly secured on the attachment. NOTE Remember that the vehicle’s center of gravity is altered with the weight of the load on the roof, thus affecting the driving characteristics. Drive carefully. Avoid rapid starts, hard cornering and abrupt stops. Crosswind effects will be increased.

(cid:84) Removal and installation of the

crossbars

800205
Each of the two roof molding has two mounting points for crossbars. Each mounting point is fitted with a cover. Use a screwdriver to remove the covers. When installing the crossbars on the roof mold- ing, follow the manufacturer’s instructions.

Trailer hitch (if equipped)

1) Trailer hitch

800256

(cid:121) Never exceed

the maximum weight specified for the trailer hitch. Exceeding the maximum weight could cause an accident resulting in serious personal inju- ries. Permissible trailer weight changes depending on the situa- tion. Refer to the next section “Trailer towing” for possible rec- ommendations and limitations.

(cid:121) Trailer brakes are required when the towing load exceeds 1,000 lbs (453 kg). Be sure your trailer has safety chains and that each chain will hold the trailer’s maximum gross weight. Towing trailers without safety chains could create a traffic safety hazard if the trailer separates from the hitch due to coupling damage or hitch ball damage.

(cid:121) Be sure to check the hitch pin and safety pin for positive locking placement before towing a trailer. If the ball mount comes off the hitch receiver, the trailer could get loose and create a traffic safety hazard.

(cid:121) Use only the ball mount supplied with this hitch. Use the hitch only as a weight carrying hitch. Do not use with any type of weight dis- tributing hitch.

The trailer hitch is designed to tow a Class 1 rated load. The maximum gross trailer weight and maximum gross tongue weight are indicated in the following table.

Driving tips 8-15

Maximum gross trailer weight

Maximum gross tongue weight

vehicle with- out cooling kit

vehicle with cooling kit

2,000 lbs (906 kg)

3,500 lbs (1,587 kg)

200 lbs (90 kg)

350 lbs (158 kg)

When you tow a trailer, follow the instruc- tions in the next section “Trailer towing”.

(cid:132) Connecting a trailer 1. Remove the receiver cover from the hitch receiver tube. Then insert the ball mount into the hitch receiver tube.

800257
2. Insert the hitch pin into the hole on the

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8-16 Driving tips

hitch receiver tube so that the pin passes through the ball mount.

800207
3. Insert the safety pin into the hitch pin securely. 4. Pull the ball mount to make sure it does not come off the hitch receiver.

800209

Do not connect safety chains to part of the vehicle other than the safety chain hooks.

800258

1) Hitch ball installation point 2) Hooks for safety chains

5. Use only a hitch ball that is appropriate for the ball mount and your trailer. The hitch ball must be securely installed on the ball mount. 6. Connect your trailer to the hitch ball. 7. Connect the trailer and the hitch with safety chains that will hold the trailer’s maximum gross weight. The chains should cross under the trailer tongue to prevent the tongue from dropping onto the ground in case it should disconnect from the hitch ball. Allow sufficient slack in the chains taking tight-turn situations into ac- count; however, be careful not to let them drag on the ground.

(cid:121) Place the dust cap over the four-pin connector of the hitch wire harness to pro- tect against possible damage. (cid:121) Occasionally lubricate terminals of the four-pin connector using the terminal grease.

Driving tips 8-17

Trailer towing Your vehicle is designed and intended to be used primarily as a passenger-carrying vehicle. Towing a trailer puts additional loads on your vehicle’s engine, drivetrain, brakes, tires and suspension and has an adverse effect on fuel economy. If you do decide to tow a trailer, your safe- ty and satisfaction depend upon proper use of correct equipment and cautious op- eration of your vehicle. Seek the advice of your SUBARU dealer to assist you in pur- chasing a hitch and other necessary tow- ing equipment appropriate for your vehi- cle. In addition, be sure to follow the in- structions on correct installation and use provided by the trailer and other towing equipment manufacturers. SUBARU assumes no responsibility for in- juries or vehicle damage that result from trailer towing equipment, or from any er- rors or omissions in the instructions ac- companying such equipment or for your failure to follow the proper instructions.

(cid:132) Warranties and maintenance SUBARU warranties do not apply to vehi- cle damage or malfunction caused by trail- er towing. If you use your vehicle to tow a trailer, more frequent maintenance will be

– CONTINUED –

800210

Hitch harness connector

8. Connect the hitch wire harness’s black four-pin wire connector to the towing trail- er’s wire harness. 9. Confirm proper function of the hitch wire harness by individually activating the brake, right turn signal, left turn signal, stop, and parking lights on the trailer. NOTE Always disconnect the trailer wire har- ness before launching or retrieving a watercraft.

(cid:132) When you do not tow a trailer (cid:121) Remove the ball mount from the hitch receiver tube and insert the receiver cover onto the hitch receiver tube.

8-18 Driving tips

required due to the additional load. (Refer to “Maintenance schedule under severe driving conditions” in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”.) Under no circumstances should a trailer be towed with a new vehicle or a vehicle with any new powertrain component (en- gine, transmission, differential, wheel bearings, etc.) for the first 1,000 miles (1,600 km) of driving.

(cid:132) Maximum load limits

Never exceed the maximum load limits explained in the following. Ex- ceeding the maximum load limits could cause personal injury and/or vehicle damage.

(cid:121) Adequate size trailer brakes are required when the trailer and its cargo exceed 1,000 lbs (453 kg) total weight.

(cid:121) Before towing a trailer, check the trailer total weight, GVW, GAWs and tongue load. Make sure the load and its distribution in your vehicle and trailer are acceptable.

(cid:84) Total trailer weight

800211

Total trailer weight

The total trailer weight (trailer weight plus its cargo load) must never exceed the maximum weight shown in the following table.

Vehicle without cooling kit Conditions

When towing a trailer without brakes.

When towing a trailer with brakes.

When towing a trailer on a long uphill grade con- tinuously for over 5 miles (8 km) with an outside temperature of 104°F (40°C) or above.

Vehicle with cooling kit

Maximum total trailer weight

1,000 lbs (453 kg)

2,000 lbs (906 kg)

1,000 lbs (453 kg)

Conditions

Maximum total trailer weight

When towing a trailer without brakes.

When towing a trailer with brakes.

When towing a trailer on a long uphill grade con- tinuously for over 5 miles (8 km) with an outside temperature of 104°F (40°C) or above.

1,000 lbs (453 kg)

3,500 lbs (1,587 kg)

1,750 lbs (794 kg)

Driving tips 8-19

(cid:84) Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) and

Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR)

800212

Gross Vehicle Weight

The Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) must never exceed the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR). Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) is the com- bined total of the weight of the vehicle, driver, passengers, luggage, trailer hitch, trailer tongue load and any other optional equipment installed on your vehicle. Therefore, the GVW changes depending on the situation. Determine the GVW each time before going on a trip by putting your vehicle and trailer on a vehicle scale. GVWR is shown on the certification label located on the driver’s door of your vehi-

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8-20 Driving tips

cle.

(cid:84) Tongue load

The total weight applied to each axle (GAW) must never exceed the Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR). The front and rear GAWs can be adjusted by relocating passengers and luggage inside the vehi- cle. The front and rear GAWR are also shown on the certification label.

800203

Certification label (cid:84) Gross Axle Weight (GAW) and

Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR)

Gross Axle Weight

800213

800203

Certification label

To check both GVWR and GAWR and to confirm that the total weight and weight distribution are within safe driving limits, you should have your vehicle and trailer weighed at a commercial weighing sta- tion. Be sure that all cargo is firmly secured to prevent a change in weight distribution while driving.

Tongue load

800214

If the trailer is loaded with more weight in the back of trailer’s axle than in the front, the load is taken off the rear axle of the towing vehicle. This may cause the rear wheels to skid, especially during braking or when vehicle speed is reduced dur- ing cornering, resulting in over- steer, spin out and/or jackknifing. Ensure that the trailer tongue load is from 8 to 11 percent of the total trailer weight and does not exceed the appropriate one of the following maximum values:

Vehicle without cooling kit: 200 lbs (90 kg) Vehicle with cooling kit: 350 lbs (158 kg)

60%

40%

50% 50%

800215

F: Front

800216

1) Jack 2) Bathroom scale

The tongue load can be weighed with a bathroom scale as shown in the following illustration. When weighing the tongue load, be sure to position the towing cou- pler at the height at which it would be dur- ing actual towing, using a jack as shown.

The tongue load can be adjusted by prop- er distribution of the load in the trailer. Never load the trailer with more weight in the back than in the front; approximately 60 percent of the trailer load should be in the front and approximately 40 percent in the rear. Also, distribute the load as even- ly as possible on both the left and right sides. Be sure that all cargo is firmly secured to prevent a change in weight distribution while driving.

Driving tips 8-21

(cid:132) Trailer hitches

Never drill the frame or under-body of your vehicle to install a commer- cial trailer hitch. If you do, danger- ous exhaust gas, water or mud may enter the passenger compartment through the drilled hole. Exhaust gas contains carbon monoxide, a colorless and odorless gas which is dangerous, or even lethal, if inhaled. Also, drilling the frame or under- body of your vehicle could cause deterioration of strength of your ve- hicle and cause corrosion around the drilled hole.

(cid:121) Do not modify the vehicle exhaust system, brake system, or other systems when installing a hitch or other trailer towing equipment.

(cid:121) Do not use axle-mounted hitches as they can cause damage to the axle housing, wheel bearings, wheels or tires.

Choose a proper hitch for your vehicle and trailer.

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8-22 Driving tips

is

The use of a genuine SUBARU trailer hitch recommended. A genuine SUBARU hitch is available from your SUBARU dealer. If use of a non-genuine hitch is unavoid- able, be sure the hitch is suited to your ve- hicle and trailer. Consult with a profes- sional hitch supplier to assist you in choosing an appropriate hitch for your ve- hicle. Be sure to follow all of the hitch man- ufacturer’s instructions for installation and use. Never use a hitch that mounts only to the rear bumper. The bumper is not designed to handle that type of load. For all types of hitches, regularly check that the hitch mounting bolts and nuts are tight.

(cid:132) Connecting a trailer (cid:84) Trailer brakes

(cid:121) Adequate size trailer brakes are required when the trailer and its cargo exceed 1,000 lbs (453 kg) total weight.

(cid:121) Do not directly connect your trail- er’s hydraulic brake system to the hydraulic brake system in your vehicle. Direct connection would cause the vehicle’s brake perfor- mance to deteriorate and could lead to an accident.

If your trailer’s total weight (trailer weight plus its cargo weight) exceeds 1,000 lbs (453 kg), the trailer is required to be equipped with its own brake system. Elec- tric brakes or surge brakes are recom- mended, and must be installed properly. Check that your trailer’s brakes conform with Federal, state/province and/or other applicable regulations. Your SUBARU’s brake system is not designed to be tapped into the trailer’s hydraulic brake system. Please ask your SUBARU dealer and pro- fessional trailer supplier for more informa- tion about the trailer’s brake system.

(cid:84) Trailer safety chains

Always use safety chains between your vehicle and the trailer. Towing trailer without safety chains could create a traffic safety hazard if the trailer separates from the hitch due to coupling damage or hitch ball damage. In case the trailer hitch connector or hitch ball should break or become disconnect- ed, the trailer could get loose and create a traffic safety hazard. For safety, always connect the towing ve- hicle and trailer with trailer safety chains. Pass the chains crossing each other un- der the trailer tongue to prevent the trailer from dropping onto the ground in case the trailer tongue should disconnect from the hitch ball. Allow sufficient slack in the chains taking tight-turn situations into ac- count; however, be careful not to let them drag on the ground. For more information about the safety chain connection, refer to the instructions for your hitch and trailer.

(cid:84) Side mirrors

800018
After hitching a trailer to your vehicle, check that the standard side mirrors pro- vide a good rearward field of view without significant blind spots. If significant blind spots occur with the vehicle’s standard side mirrors, use towing mirrors that con- form with Federal, state/province and/or other applicable regulations. (cid:84) Trailer lights

Direct splicing or other improper connection of trailer lights may damage your vehicle’s electrical system and cause a malfunction of your vehicle’s lighting system.

Connection of trailer lights to your vehi- cle’s electrical system requires modifica- tions to the vehicle’s lighting circuit to in- crease its capacity and accommodate wir- ing changes. To ensure the trailer lights are connected properly, please consult your SUBARU dealer. Check for proper operation of the turn signals, the brake lights and parking lights each time you hitch up. (cid:84) Tires

Never tow a trailer when the tempo- rary spare tire is used. The tempo- rary spare tire is not designed to sustain the towing load. Use of the temporary spare tire when towing can result in failure of the spare tire and/or less stability of the vehicle. Make sure that all the tires on your vehicle are properly inflated. The recommended cold tire pressure un- der trailer towing conditions is shown in chapter 12, “Specifications” and in “GAS STATION REFERENCE” at the end of this manual. Adjust the rear tire pressure to the recommended pressure when the tires are cold. Normal pressure should be

Driving tips 8-23

maintained in the front tires. Trailer tire condition, size, load rating and proper inflation pressure should be in ac- cordance with the trailer manufacturer’s specifications. In the event your vehicle gets a flat tire when towing a trailer, ask a commercial road service to repair the flat tire. If you carry a regular size spare tire in your vehicle or trailer as a precaution against getting a flat tire, be sure that the spare tire is firmly secured.

(cid:132) Trailer towing tips

(cid:121) Never exceed 45 mph (72 km/h) when towing a trailer in hilly coun- try on hot days.

(cid:121) When towing a trailer, steering, stability, stopping distance and braking performance will be dif- ferent from normal operation. For safety’s sake, you should employ extra caution when towing a trail- er and you should never speed. You should also keep the follow- ing tips in mind:

– CONTINUED –

8-24 Driving tips

(cid:84) Before starting out on a trip (cid:121) Check that the vehicle and vehicle-to- hitch mounting are in good condition. If any problems are apparent, do not tow the trailer. (cid:121) Check that the vehicle sits horizontally with the trailer attached. If the vehicle is tipped sharply up at the front and down at the rear, check the total trailer weight, GVW, GAWs and tongue load again, then confirm that the load and its distribution are acceptable. (cid:121) Check that the tire pressures are cor- rect. (cid:121) Check that the vehicle and trailer are connected properly. Confirm that

– the trailer tongue is connected prop- erly to the hitch ball. – the trailer lights connector is connect- ed properly and trailer’s brake lights illu- minate when the vehicle’s brake pedal is pressed, and that the trailer’s turn sig- nal lights flash when the vehicle’s turn signal lever is operated. – the safety chains are connected prop- erly. – all cargo in the trailer is secured safe- ty in position. – the side mirrors provide a good rear- ward field of view without a significant blind spot.

(cid:121) Sufficient time should be taken to learn

the “feel” of the vehicle/trailer combination before starting out on a trip. In an area free of traffic, practice turning, stopping and backing up. (cid:84) Driving with a trailer (cid:121) You should allow for considerably more stopping distance when towing a trailer. Avoid sudden braking because it may re- sult in skidding or jackknifing and loss of control. (cid:121) Avoid uneven steering, sharp turns and rapid lane changes. (cid:121) Slow down before turning. Make a long- er than normal turning radius because the trailer wheels will be closer than the vehi- cle wheels to the inside of the turn. In a tight turn, the trailer could hit your vehicle. (cid:121) Crosswinds will adversely affect the handling of your vehicle and trailer, caus- ing sway. Crosswinds can be due to weather conditions or the passing of large trucks or buses. If swaying occurs, firmly grip the steering wheel and slow down im- mediately but gradually. (cid:121) When passing other vehicles, consider- able distance is required because of the added weight and length caused by at- taching the trailer to your vehicle.

800217

1) Left turn 2) Right turn

(cid:121) Backing up with a trailer is difficult and takes practice. When backing up with a trailer, never accelerate or steer rapidly. When turning back, grip the bottom of the steering wheel with one hand and turn it to the left for a left turn, and turn it to the right for a right turn. (cid:121) If the ABS warning light illuminates while the vehicle is in motion, stop towing the trailer and have repairs performed im- mediately by the nearest SUBARU dealer. (cid:84) Driving on grades (cid:121) Before going down a steep hill, slow down and shift into lower gear (if neces- sary, use 1st gear) in order to utilize the engine braking effect and prevent over-

Driving tips 8-25

cle and trailer when parking. Apply the