2002 Saab 9 5 Owners Manual

as the outside air temperature. The tire pressure increases as the tires become warm (e.g. during highway driving) with approximately 0.3 bar (4 psi). When the temperature of the tires changes by 50° (10°C), the tire pressure will change 0.1 bar (2 psi).

Driving considerations with compact spare wheel/tire fitted

WARNING

Do not exceed 50 mph (80 km/h) as the tire can overheat and adversely affect the handling of the car. The tire should be inflated to 60 psi (420 kPa).

The following should be observed when the compact spare wheel (T115/70 R16) is fitted: The compact spare is light and easy to handle when changing the wheel. Do not drive further than necessary with the com- pact spare fitted – the maximum life of the wheel is only just over 2000 miles (3,500 km). Have the standard wheel repaired and refitted as soon as possible.

The car’s ground clearance is reduced with the compact spare fitted. Note that only one compact spare wheel may be used at any time. Take care not to hit the curb and do not fit snow chains. Leave the wheel cover off, so that the warning text is readily visible.

NOTE

To avoid damaging a punctured alloy wheel it can be placed outside up in the spare-wheel well but only while driving to the closest workshop. A general rule is that all heavy loads must be well secured in the luggage compart- ment, see page 134 and 137.

Starting and driving

179

Driving with the trunk lid/tailgate open Avoid driving with the trunk lid/tailgate partly or fully open, since exhaust fumes can be drawn into the cabin. If you must drive with the trunk lid/tailgate open, all windows and the sunroof (if fitted) must be closed and the cabin fan on at its highest speed setting. Driving in deep water

NOTE

Do not drive in water deeper than 12 inches (30 cm) and do not drive faster than at idling speed. Water can otherwise be sucked into the engine. The engine will be damaged if water enters the intake system. The car´s electrical systems may also be affected.

Starting and driving

180
Towing the car

WARNING

(cid:127) Remember that the brake servo does

not operate when the engine is off. Much greater pressure than normal will therefore be required to operate the brake pedal.

(cid:127) Nor does the steering servo operate when the engine is off. The steering will therefore be much heavier than usual.

(cid:127) The towing vehicle should always be

heavier than the vehicle on tow.

(cid:127) Never allow passengers to ride in the

car being towed.

(cid:127) Always seek professional help if the

car needs to be towed.

Transporting the car

NOTE

If a car with a sport (lowered) chassis is transported, for example on a flat bed truck, take extra care not to damage the spoiler and/or underbody.

Front towing eye

Front towing eye

WARNING

(cid:127) Make sure that the towing eye at the

front is screwed in tightly.

(cid:127) The towing eye is only designed for

use when the car is being towed on the road. It must not be used to pull the car out of a ditch, for example. If the towing eye were to shear suddenly, it could cause serious injury.

(cid:127) Always seek professional help if the

car needs to be recovered.

NOTE

(cid:127) Do not drive the car with the front

towing eye in position. If it catches the curb, for example, the engine sub- frame could be damaged.

(cid:127) Refit the plastic plug in the hole when the towing eye has been removed, to keep dirt and moisture out of the threads.

The front towing eye is stored with the spare wheel. The attachment point (tapped hole) for the towing eye is midway along the engine sub- frame at the front of the car. Remove the plastic plug and screw in the towing eye securely. To ensure that the towing eye is in far enough, insert the handle of the wheel wrench through the eye for additional lever- age.

Starting and driving

181

1 Selector lever in position N. 2 The local regulations on towing speeds

must be followed. The highest permissible towing speed is 30 mph (50 km/h), unless the legal limit is lower. The longest permissible towing distance is 25-30 miles (40-50 km). If the car has to be transported farther than that, summon a tow truck. A flat bed tow truck is the preferred method to tow.

Failure to follow these guidelines can result in damage. Cars with automatic transmission cannot be bump started. In an emergency, it is possi- ble to start the engine using jump leads (see the section, ”Jump starting” on page 182).

Considerations when towing the car with automatic transmission Selector lever at N (neutral) and parking lights on. Drive carefully and do not exceed the speed limit for vehicles being towed. Always try to keep the towrope taut by gently applying the brake, as necessary. This will avoid the towrope being jerked violently.

NOTE

(cid:127) The car must be towed front first. (cid:127) If the car is to be towed with the front wheels off the ground, make sure the parking brake is off, as this acts on the rear wheels.

Rear towing eye

Rear towing eye The car has a permanently mounted towing eye at the back. If the car is equipped with a trailer hitch, this can be used instead of the towing eye. Considerations when towing the car with manual transmission Gear lever in neutral and parking lights on. Drive carefully and do not exceed the speed limit for vehicles being towed. Always try to keep the towrope taut by gently applying the brake, as necessary. This will avoid the towrope being jerked violently.

Starting and driving

182
Jump starting If your battery has run down, you may want to use another vehicle and some jumper cables to start your Saab. Follow the steps below to do it safely.

WARNING

Batteries can cause injury. They can be dangerous because: (cid:127) They contain acid that can burn you. (cid:127) They contain gas that can explode or

ignite.

(cid:127) They contain enough electricity to

injure you.

If you do not follow these steps exactly, some or all of these things can hurt you.

NOTE

Ignoring these steps could result in costly damage to your vehicle that would not be covered by your warranty. Trying to start your car by pushing or pull- ing it could damage your vehicle, even if you have a manual transmission. If you have an automatic transmission, your vehicle cannot be started by pushing or pulling it.

–

–

To jump start your vehicle: 1 Check the other vehicle. It must have a 12-volt battery with a negative ground system.

NOTE

If the other system is not a 12-volt system with a negative ground, both vehicles can be damaged.

2 Get the vehicles close enough so the

jumper cables can reach, but be sure the vehicles are not touching each other. If a poor connection on the negative jumper cable should exist, it is possible for damage to be caused to electrical systems/components of either vehicle should inadvertent contact be made. You would not be able to start your car

and bad grounding could damage elec- trical systems.

WARNING

You could be injured if the vehicles roll. Set the parking brake firmly on each vehi- cle. Put an automatic transmission in P (Park) or a manual transmission in Neu- tral.

3 Turn off the ignition on both vehicles. Turn off all lights that are not needed, and radios. This will avoid sparks and help save both batteries and it could save your radio.

NOTE

If you leave your radio on, it could be badly damaged. The repairs would not be covered by your warranty.

4 Open the hood and locate the battery. Find the positive (+) and negative (-) termi- nals on the battery.

5 Check that the jumper cables do not

have loose or missing insulation. If they do, you could get a shock and also the vehicles could be damaged. Before you connect the cables, here are some basic things you should know. Positive (+) will go to positive (+) and negative (-) will go to a major metal engine part with a good ground. Do not connect (+) to (-) or you will get a short that could injure you or would damage the battery and maybe other parts as well.

6 Connect the red positive (+) cable to the positive (+) terminal of the vehicle with the discharged battery.

7 Do not let the other end touch metal.

Connect it to the positive (+) terminal of the good battery. Use a remote positive (+) terminal if the vehicle has one.

8 Now connect the black negative (-)

cable to the good battery’s negative ter- minal.

Starting and driving

183

WARNING

Do not let the other end touch anything until the next step. The other end of the negative cable does not go to the dead battery. It goes to a major metal part with a good ground on the engine of the vehi- cle with the discharged battery.

9 Attach the cable at least 18 inches

(45 cm) away from the discharged bat- tery, but not near engine parts that move. To avoid an arc which could det- onate the hydrogen gas around the bat- tery, the final connection must be at least 18” from the battery.

10 Start the vehicle with the good battery

and run the engine for a while.

11 Try to start the vehicle with the dis-

charged battery. If it does not start after a few tries, it probably needs service.

12 Remove the cables in reverse order to prevent electrical shorting. Take care that they do not touch each other or any other metal.

WARNING

An electric fan can start up even when the engine is not running and can injure you. Keep hands, clothing and tools away from any underhood electric fan.

WARNING

Using a match or flame of any kind near a battery can cause battery gas to explode. You can suffer burns or be blinded. Use a flashlight if you need more light. Be sure the battery has enough water. The battery installed in your new Saab has filler caps. Be sure the right amount of water is there. Add distilled or boiled water if the level is too low. If you don’t, explosive gas could be present. Be sure the electrolyte in the battery is not frozen. Discharged batteries will freeze. When connecting jumper cables to a frozen battery, gas from the chemical reaction inside the battery can build up under the ice and cause an explosion. Battery fluid contains acid that can burn you. Do not get it on you. If you acciden- tally get it in your eyes or on your skin, flush the area with water and get medical help immediately.

Starting and driving

184
Saab Parking Assistance (Option)

WARNING

Responsibility always lies with the driver when reversing. (cid:127) Saab Parking Assistance can facilitate reversing at low speeds, such as when reverse parking.

(cid:127) Bear in mind that small and/or narrow objects cannot always be detected by the system.

The parking aid system facilitates parking and reversing. There are four sensors in the rear bumper that detect objects up to 6 feet (1.8 metres) behind the car. The system uses four sensors in the rear bumper. These emit ultrasound signals that bounce back to the sensors off any objects behind the car. The system, however, cannot always detect small or narrow objects or objects that do not reflect ultra- sound back towards the car, such as pipes, or the corner of a house or rectangular post.

Area monitored by the sensors seen from the side

Area monitored by the sensors seen from above

The system is activated automatically when reverse is engaged or selected. When the sensors detect an object within the moni- tored area, the SID will display the text "PARK ASSIST" and pulses of sound (- - - - -) will be heard. The frequency of the pulses increases as the car comes closer to the object. When the distance to the object is less than 12 in. (30 cm), a continuous tone will be heard.

NOTE

Reverse slowly so that you have time to stop the car when the continuous tone is heard at approx. 30 cm.

When an object is approximately 3 feet (90 cm) from the car, the sound pulses change character markedly. A distance of about 3 feet (90 cm) is suitable if you wish to load or unload the luggage compartment. If the distance between an object and the corner sensors does not change for three seconds, e.g. if you are reversing alongside a wall, the system will switch to monitoring straight back. The system indicates if the distance to the wall decreases again. The system can be disengaged for when driving with a caravan or trailer. Press and hold the CLEAR button on the SID when the display shows "PARK ASSIST", until the display shows "PARK ASSIST OFF". The system is re-engaged in the same way. The system is also always activated when the ignition key is turned to ON.

Starting and driving

185

Parking

WARNING

(cid:127) Park where the vehicle will not create

an obstruction or a hazard to other road users.

(cid:127) Do not park on dry grass or other com-

bustible material. The catalytic con- verter gets very hot and could start a fire.

(cid:127) Do not leave children or pets unat- tended in the car. In warm, sunny weather, the temperature inside the car can reach 160–180°F (70–80°C).

(cid:127) Apply the parking brake. (cid:127) Engage reverse (automatic transmis-

sion: move selector lever to P (Park)), and remove the ignition key and lock the car.

Pressing a SID button briefly will not disen- gage the system, the display will simply show the previously selected function.

NOTE

To function well, the sensors must be kept clean. Ice snow and dirt can affect their sensitivity. Do not spray the sensors or closer than 8 in. (20 cm) to the sensors with a pres- sure washer, as this could damage them.

Ice, snow and dirt can affect the sensitivity of the sensors. In such cases a continuous tone will sound warning the driver that the system cannot measure the distance to an object. You can turn the system off by press- ing and holding the CLEAR button for 1.5 seconds. If the text "PARK ASSIST FAILURE" is dis- played on the SID, have the system checked by an authorized Saab dealer.

Parking brake

WARNING

(cid:127) Always apply the parking brake when

parking.

(cid:127) Always apply the parking brake before removing the ignition key.

(cid:127) Do not use the parking brake when the

car is moving.

The parking brake is situated between the front seats and acts on the rear wheels. When the parking brake is on, the indicator light on the main instrument panel will be on. To release the parking brake, lift the lever slightly, press the release button and release the lever by pushing down on it.

186

Starting and driving

Parking on a hill When parking on a steep hill, turn the front wheels so that they will be blocked by the curb if the car should move. Long-term parking If the car is not going to be used for some time, e.g. 3–4 months, the following steps are recommended: (cid:127) Run the engine to normal temperature

before long-term parking.

(cid:127) Drain the washer-fluid reservoir and

hoses.

(cid:127) Wash and wax the car. Clean the rubber seals on the hood, luggage compartment lid and doors, and lubricate them with glycerol (glycerin).

(cid:127) After washing the car, dry the brake discs

by taking the car out on the road and applying the brakes a few times.

(cid:127) Fill the fuel tank with fuel to prevent con-

densation forming in it.

(cid:127) Top up the coolant and check the anti-

freeze before the onset of winter. (cid:127) Park the car in a dry, covered and

well-ventilated building. Leave the park- ing brake OFF!

(cid:127) Disconnect the negative (-) battery lead.

If frost is likely to occur during the long-term parking, remove the battery and store it away from the frost. Ideally, the car should be put up on blocks, with the wheels off the ground. If this is not possible, inflate the tires to about 43 psi (300 kPa).

1 Pointing downhill and

against the curb – Turn the wheels into the curb and edge the car forward until the wheels touch the curb.

2 Pointing uphill and

against the curb – Turn the wheels away from the curb and edge the car back until the wheels touch the curb.

3 Pointing uphill or downhill – no curb – Turn the wheels towards the edge of the road. If the car should start rolling, it will not run into the road.

(cid:127) Leave all the windows open a crack and cover the car with a fabric tarpaulin - not one made of plastic.

(cid:127) Car care and technical information

187

Car care and technical information

Hood release handle ....... 188 Engine compartment, 4-cyl. engine................... 189 Engine compartment, 6-cyl. (3.0t V6)................. 190 Emission control systems 191 Engine............................... 192 Engine oil ......................... 193 Transmission fluid........... 195 Coolant ............................. 196 Brake and clutch fluid ..... 197 Power steering fluid ........ 198 Air filter............................. 198

Battery.............................. Drive belts........................ Wipers and washers ....... Changing bulbs ............... Fuses................................ Wheels.............................. Compact spare wheel ..... Flat spotting..................... Air conditioning (ACC) ... Safety belts ...................... Upholstery and trim ........ Textile carpeting.............. Washing the car ..............

199 201 202 204 216 222 226 230 231 232 232 232 233

Waxing and polishing...... 233 Engine compartment ....... 233 Touching up the paint ..... 234 Anti-corrosion treatment. 235 For long trips.................... 237 Recovery and/or recycling of automotive materials. 237 Headlight aiming .............. 239

Car care and technical information

188
Hood release handle The hood release handle is located under- neath the instrument panel. To open the hood: 1 Pull the release handle. 2 The front of the hood will now spring up,

providing access to the secondary safety catch.

Hood release handle

Hood secondary safety catch

3 Push the catch upwards, lifting the hood at the same time. The hood can now be lifted right up.

To close the hood, release it from a height of about 8 in (20 cm). Do not press down on it.

WARNING

Make sure not to hold your fingers between the hood and the hood safety catch if you lay the hood down but not closing it.

In cold weather, when the mechanism is stiff, the hood might need to be released from twice the height to lock properly. Check that the hood is now closed securely.

Engine compartment, 4-cyl. engine

Car care and technical information

189

Engine compartment, 4-cyl. engine 1 Engine-oil dipstick/filler cap 2 Reservoir, brake/clutch fluid 3 Fuse box 4 Expansion tank, coolant 5 Washer-fluid filler cap 6 Battery 7 Dipstick, automatic transmission fluid 8 Turbo unit 9 Ignition discharge module

10 Reservoir, power-steering fluid

10

Car care and technical information

190
Engine compartment, 6-cyl. (3.0t V6)

9 2

Engine compartment, 6-cyl. (3.0t V6) 1 Engine-oil dipstick 2 Engine-oil filler cap 3 Reservoir, brake/clutch fluid 4 Fuse box 5 Expansion tank, coolant 6 Washer-fluid filler cap 7 Battery 8 Dipstick, automatic transmission fluid 9 Ignition discharge module

10 Reservoir, power-steering fluid

10

Engine families Saab cars imported into the United States and Canada meet all applicable emission control standards. The engine family and appropriate tune-up specifications are iden- tified on a label affixed to the left front inner fender. These engine families meet applicable EPA Federal Standards, California State Stan- dards and Canadian Federal Standards and are equipped with the following systems: • Sequential multiport fuel injection system. (cid:127) Three way catalytic converter. (cid:127) Crankcase emissions control system. (cid:127) Evaporative emission control system. (cid:127) On-Board diagnostic (OBD II) system.

Car care and technical information

191

ing duration, ignition timing and turbo- charger boost pressure to provide excellent engine performance while maintaining low emissions and fuel consumption.

NOTE

The Trionic engine management systems continuously monitors the operation of these systems and have on-board diag- nostic capabilities (OBD II). If the ”Engine malfunction (CHECK ENGINE)” lamp in the main instru- ment illuminates, this indicates that the Trionic ECM has detected a problem. The car will continue to operate, but perfor- mance may be diminished. You should have your car checked by a Saab dealer as soon as possible.

Emission control systems The systems for controlling emissions to the atmosphere require regular checking and adjustment at the intervals specified in the service program. In addition to meeting the exhaust emission regulations and thereby helping to keep the environment clean, a correctly tuned engine will also give maximum fuel economy. Saab Trionic engine management system The Saab Trionic engine management system is a unique Saab development that combines sequential multiport fuel injection, electronic distributorless ignition and turbo- charger boost pressure control into one sys- tem. The Trionic engine control module (ECM) monitors many different engine parameters such as:

Intake manifold pressure. Intake air temperature.

(cid:127) Crankshaft position. (cid:127) Engine coolant temperature. (cid:127) Throttle position and (cid:127) The oxygen content of the exhaust gases. The ECM receives information regarding engine knocking from a sophisticated feed- back function in the ignition discharge unit. By processing all of this information, the Tri- onic system can control fuel injector open-

(cid:127) (cid:127) 192

Car care and technical information

ORVR (Onboard Refueling Vapor Recovery) Hydrocarbon vapors formed when refueling will be recovered by the car and not released into the atmosphere. The hydro- carbons are absorbed in a evaporative emission canister. When the engine is sub- sequently started, the evaporative emission canister is gradually purged as air is sucked into it through a shut-off valve. The hydro- carbon/air mixture passes through the evap canister purge valve and into the engine where it is burned. When refueling, make sure you screw the filler cap on and keep turning until it has clicked at least 3 times. Otherwise, it is pos- sible for the CHECK ENGINE light to illumi- nate and a ”TIGHTEN FUEL FILLER CAP” message to appear on SID. Refueling, see page 152.

Engine 2.3-liter engine The 2.3-liter model is a transverse, 4-cylin- der in-line engine with twin overhead cam- shafts and 4 valves per cylinder. This engine is equipped with balance shafts that reduce engine vibration to a minimum. The balance shafts are chain driven and rotate at twice the speed of the crankshaft. They produce forces and torques that are opposed to those generated by the pistons and connecting rods, an effect that occurs twice for each revolution of the engine. Engine noise is also reduced as the counter-rotating shafts counteract the vibra- tion from the moving parts of the engine. The transmission, located on the right (viewed from the front), is integrated with the engine. All models have front-wheel drive.

Balance shafts, 4-cyl. engine

3.0t V6 engine The 3.0-liter engine is a transverse, V6 engine with each bank of cylinders having double overhead camshafts and 4 valves per cylinder. The transmission, located on the right (viewed from the front), is integrated with the engine. All models have front-wheel drive.

Car care and technical information

193

Engine oil Checking the oil level Check the engine-oil level regularly. This should be done after the engine has been run to normal temperature and then allowed to cool for 2–5 minutes, with the car stand- ing on level ground. Remove the dipstick and wipe it clean before checking the level.

Engine-oil filler cap and dipstick, 4-cylinder engine

Engine-oil dipstick and filler cap, 3.0t V6

4-cylinder engine The oil level must not be allowed to drop below the MIN mark on the dipstick, nor should oil be filled beyond the MAX mark, as this can lead to excessive oil consumption. The distance between the MIN and MAX marks on the dipstick corresponds to a volume of approximately 1.05 qts (1 liter). When necessary, add oil of the recom- mended grade via the dipstick tube.

3.0t V6 engine The oil level must not be allowed to drop below the MIN mark on the dipstick, nor should oil be filled beyond the MAX mark, as this can lead to excessive oil consumption. The distance between the MIN and MAX marks on the dipstick corresponds to a volume of approximately 1.05 qts (1 liter). When necessary, add oil of the recom- mended grade via the dipstick tube.

194

Car care and technical information

Oil changing The engine oil must be changed in accor- dance with the service program, see page 244. Oil volume and grade, see page 251. Oil changing should be carried out on a warm engine. 1 Unscrew the drain plug in the bottom of the sump and leave the oil to drain into an oil tray or other suitable receptacle for at least ten minutes. Take care, as the oil may be hot.

2 After the oil has been drained, unscrew

and remove the oil filter.

3 Fit a new filter and tighten it by hand. 4 Refit the drain plug with a new washer. 5 Fill with new engine oil. Run the engine to normal temperature and check the oil level.

NOTE

Change of engine oil and oil filter may be required more frequently (5000-mile intervals (8,000 km)) if any one of the fol- lowing conditions apply to the car:

(cid:127) Most trips are less than 5 to 10 miles (8 to 16 km). This is particularly important when outside temperatures are below freezing.

(cid:127) Most trips include extensive idling

(such as frequent stop-and-go driving).

(cid:127) Most trips are through dusty areas.

(cid:127) You frequently tow a trailer or use a car-

rier on top of your vehicle.

If the vehicle is used for delivery ser- vice, police, taxi or other commercial applications.

Drain plug and oil filter, 4-cylinder engine

Drain plug and oil filter, 3.0t V6

(cid:127) Car care and technical information

195

WARNING

(cid:127) Prolonged and repeated exposure of the skin to engine oil can cause seri- ous skin disorders.

(cid:127) Avoid prolonged skin contact when-

ever possible. Wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water after any contact.

(cid:127) Keep oil out of reach of children.

(cid:127) Do not touch the turbocharger or

manifold. These get very hot when the engine has been running.

(cid:127) Do not spill oil on hot parts of the

engine as this could cause a fire. Used engine oil is particularly flammable.

(cid:127) Protect the environment. Do not dis- pose of oil in the ground or down a drain. Dispose of all used oil and oil fil- ters at an appropriate disposal facility.

Transmission fluid Manual transmission Check and top up the fluid in accordance with the service program. If original fluid cannot can be obtained for topping up (see page 254), automatic trans- mission fluid Dextron III (synthetic fluid) can be used. If so, the car should be taken to an authorized Saab dealer as soon as possible to have the reason for low fluid level cor- rected and original fluid installed. Automatic transmission Check the fluid level as follows: 1 Stand the car on level ground and apply the parking brake. The automatic trans- mission fluid must be at normal running temperature, approximately 175°F (80°C). This can be achieved by driving the car for about 30 min on the open road.

2 With the engine idling, move the selector

lever to D and wait for at least 15 seconds. Next, move the selector lever to R and wait for 15 seconds again. Finally, move the selector lever to P. Let the engine idle.

3 Wipe the dipstick clean with a lint-free

cloth and put it back.

4 With the fluid at normal temperature, the

level should be between the MAX and MIN marks on the dipstick. Top up, as necessary, with Saab 3309 automatic transmission fluid (mineral oil-based), adding it through the dipstick pipe. The

Dipstick for automatic-transmission fluid

distance between the MIN and MAX marks on the dipstick corresponds to a volume of approximately 0.4 qts (0.4 liter).

NOTE

If there is a smell of burning fluid or the fluid is black, change the fluid.

If the outside temperature is below 50°F (10°C), the fluid will not reach the specified temperature of 175°F (80°C). In this case, the correct fluid level may be 0.8 in (20 mm) below the MAX mark.

NOTE

Always mix the antifreeze with the appropriate volume of water before adding it to the cooling system. If pure antifreeze is added, the engine could still freeze and be damaged. This is because the antifreeze will not mix properly with the coolant before the thermostat has opened to allow full circulation.

Car care and technical information

196
Coolant

WARNING

(cid:127) Proceed with caution if the radiator is

boiling when you open the hood. Never remove the expansion-tank filler cap when the radiator is boiling. Loosen the cap carefully, and let the engine cool before removing the cap.

(cid:127) The cooling system is pressurized – hot coolant and vapor can escape when the filler cap is released.

(cid:127) Exercise care when adding coolant.

Coolant on hot surfaces constitutes a fire risk.

The expansion tank is transparent to facili- tate checking of the coolant level. When the engine is cold, the coolant must not lie over the KALT/COLD mark on the expansion tank. If the message ”FILL COOLANT FLUID” is displayed on the SID, check the level of fluid in the expansion tank. Top up, as necessary, with equal parts of clean water and Saab-approved coolant. If the expansion tank is empty when coolant is added, run the engine to normal temper- ature and top up again, as necessary.

Coolant expansion tank

Coolant The cooling system is charged at the factory with coolant containing a 50% concentra- tion of a combined antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor. A weaker mixture will result in reduced anticorrosion protection. For pro- tection against freezing in very cold weather, a stronger concentration will be needed. A 60% concentration of antifreeze will pro- vide protection at temperatures down to -58 F (-50°C). The coolant does not normally have to be changed during the service life of the car. The type of coolant used has a reddish color and should not be mixed with other types of coolant. Saab Original coolant should be used all year round. Only use coolant approved by Saab.

Car care and technical information

197

Brake pad wear indicators The outboard brake pads on the front wheels incorporate pad-wear indicators. When the lining is down to 0.11 in (3 mm), the pad will produce a screeching, squeal- ing or scraping noise when the brakes are applied. New pads should be fitted without delay. Brake pads should only be changed by an authorized Saab dealer. To ensure optimum brake performance, use only Saab original brake pads.

Brake and clutch fluid

WARNING

Brake fluid deteriorates as it becomes old. Because it is hygroscopic, it absorbs water from the air and, in time, could allow vapor to form in the brake system, thus reducing its performance. It is therefore important that brake fluid be changed reg- ularly, as specified in the service pro- gram.

Checking the fluid level The combined brake and clutch-fluid reser- voir is transparent to facilitate checking of the fluid level. The level should be between the MAX and MIN marks. Top up, as necessary, with DOT 4 fluid. Do not use DOT 5 brake fluid. Use only new brake fluid from a sealed con- tainer. Check that there are no leaks in the brake system. The brake fluid level will fall somewhat as the brake pads wear. The MAX level in the reservoir corresponds to the amount of brake fluid required with new brake pads. If the fall in fluid level is moderate, due to normal brake pad wear, topping up is not necessary. Changing of the brake fluid should be carried out by an authorized Saab dealer.

Brake and clutch-fluid reservoir

The vehicle´s regular braking system is adjusted automatically, but the parking brake has to be adjusted manually. This work, involving adjustment of the parking brake cables and brake pads, must only be carried out by an authorized Saab dealer. It is not possible to detect, through abnormal pedal or parking brake-lever travel, whether brake pads are worn and need replacing. It is therefore essential that brake pads be checked regularly, as specified in the ser- vice program.

NOTE

Avoid spilling brake fluid onto paintwork, since it can cause the paint to bubble and lift. If any brake fluid is spilled, the area should be flushed with large quantities of water as quickly as possible.

Air filter

WARNING

For Service and Repair, parts equivalent to those used by Saab should be used. Be aware that some non standard replacement parts may put you in an unsafe condition, even if they might fit.

Car care and technical information

198
Power steering fluid

WARNING

Do not fill the power steering fluid to above the MAX mark. Too much fluid can result in leakage. Power steering fluid on hot engine com- ponents constitutes a fire risk.

Check the level of the power steering fluid in the reservoir regularly, in accordance with the service program. The wheels should point forward during the check. Clean around the cap before it is unscrewed. Clean the dipstick. Screw in the cap completely again before checking the level. The oil should lie between the MAX and MIN marks when the oil temperature is about 70°F (+20°C). If the oil is colder the level can be lower, and in higher temperatures the level can be higher, both of which are acceptable. Top up with ”Power Steering Fluid CHF 11S” (part number 8996860).

Power steering fluid reservoir

Car care and technical information

199

Electrolyte level indicator

Battery

The fluid level and the charge level should be checked regularly.

NOTE

A discharged battery can freeze and frac- ture. Batteries should therefore always be stored away from frost.

If frequent short journeys are made, the bat- tery may need to be given a booster charge. This can be done either using a battery charger or by taking the car for a long run. A car with a standard equipment specifica- tion and a fully charged battery can be left for up to 40 days and still have a sufficient charge for starting. If extra equipment is fit- ted, such as a car phone, the charge may only be sufficient for about 15 days.

Battery

WARNING

(cid:127) The battery emits hydrogen which,

when mixed with the oxygen in the air, forms a highly explosive gas. Avoid causing sparks and keep open flames well away from the vicinity of the bat- tery.

(cid:127) The battery contains corrosive sulfuric

acid. Always wear a face mask or goggles when working on the battery.

(cid:127) If battery acid gets into the eyes or

splashes the skin or clothing, wash affected area liberally with water. If acid gets into the eyes or a large quantity makes contact with the skin, seek medical help.

The battery is provided with a cover to protect it from radiated heat. If the battery is exposed to high temperatures, its life will be shortened. To remove the cover, release the two clips along its long sides. The cover fits the standard battery installed in the car. If a new battery is to be fitted, make sure that its dimensions are the same as the standard one. The battery is maintenance free and should be changed if the electrolyte level is too low. The indicator on the top side of the battery will be white if the battery needs replacing.

200

Car care and technical information

Charging/replacing the battery

NOTE

To avert the danger of short-circuiting between the positive (+) terminal on the battery and the inlet manifold on the engine, always disconnect the negative (-) battery lead first and reconnect it last.

Connect the positive lead to the positive (+) battery terminal (red), and the negative lead to a good ground point, e.g. the lifting lug at the front of the engine. To remove the battery, always disconnect the negative (black) lead first and reconnect it last when fitting the new battery. The battery size must comply with DIN 53735 MFI 230/2.16.

NOTE

(cid:127) Never reverse the polarity of the bat- tery by connecting the leads to the wrong terminals. The red, positive lead connects to the positive (+) termi- nal, and the black, negative lead to the negative (-) terminal.

(cid:127) Serious damage can be done to the car’s electrical system if a battery or alternator lead is disconnected while the engine is running.

(cid:127) The nut on the battery clamp should be tightened to a torque of 10 Nm.

Correct position for battery clamp

Car care and technical information

201

Routing of the Poly-V-belt: 4-cylinder engine

Routing of the Poly-V-belt: 3.0t V6

Drive belts

WARNING

(cid:127) Keep hands and clothing well clear of

drive belts when engine is running.

(cid:127) Always stop engine before inspecting

drive belts.

(cid:127) The fan can start even when the

engine is switched off.

The alternator is situated on the right-hand side of the engine, adjacent to the bulkhead. It is driven via a Poly-V-belt from the crank- shaft pulley. The Poly-V-belt also drives the water pump, the A/C compressor and the steering servo pump.

NOTE

Serious damage can be done to the car’s electrical system if an alternator lead is disconnected while the engine is running.

The belt tension is critical and is adjusted automatically by the belt tensioner. See also page 51, ”Warning, charging”.

Car care and technical information

202
Wipers and washers Check and clean all wiper blades regularly. If poor wiper performance is experienced, clean the windshield with a quality glass cleaner. This is particularly important if the car has been through an automatic car wash, as these sometimes leave a wax coating on the windshield. If wiper performance is still unsatisfactory, fit new blades.

Changing the windshield wiper blades Lift the wiper arm off the windshield 1 Depress the catch. 2 Pull the complete blade assembly down to free it from the wiper arm, and then lift it off the arm.

Cleaning/adjusting the washer jets

Washer jets The washer jets can be adjusted and, if necessary, unclogged by means of a pin.

Car care and technical information

203

Washers The washer-fluid reservoir holds 6.4 quarts (6 liters). When "WASHER FLUID LEVEL LOW" comes up on the SID, the reservoir is down to about 1 quart (1 liter) of fluid. Add at least 50% of washer- fluid to water to pre- vent freezing and for effective cleaning.

WARNING

Take care not to spill washer fluid concen- trate onto hot surfaces as this constitutes a fire hazard.

Washer-fluid filler cap

The headlights have high-pressure washers

Car care and technical information

204
Changing bulbs

NOTE

WARNING

Before changing a bulb in the engine bay, switch off the engine to avoid danger of fingers and hands being injured by moving parts. The radiator fan can start up even when the engine is switched off. Xenon headlights are high tension and must therefore be changed at an authorized Saab workshop. Work involving high-tension components is potentially lethal.

NOTE

(cid:127) Since the headlight lenses are made of plastic, rinse dried-on dirt with water and allow it time to soften up before cleaning the lenses. Avoid rubbing the lenses when dry and never use solvents.

(cid:127) Use de-icer spray instead of scraping the ice off.

Check that the new bulb is working when finished. Some bulbs are of the ”Long-Life” type. Make sure the same type is fitted when changing one of these. Headlight aiming, see page 239.

(cid:127) Do not fit bulbs with a higher rating than 55 W, since the head- light reflector and the wiring of the car are not designed for a higher wattage.

(cid:127) Switch off the ignition before changing a bulb, to avoid possi-

ble short-circuiting.

Xenon headlight (certain models only) Xenon headlights produce roughly twice as much light as halogen bulbs and have a significantly longer service life. The lamp units consist of a gas discharge lamp containing xenon. When the lights are switched on a very high voltage activates the xenon gas. The lamps soon reach full intensity. Cars with xenon headlights have automatic levelling. The levelling system comprises two sensors on the front axle, one on the rear axle and a control unit under the headlight housing. Headlight alignment is regulated automatically to prevent dazzling oncoming traffic. Alignment is also adjusted during braking.

Car care and technical information

205

Make sure the cover is correctly fitted before locking it in place

Headlight bulb for high beam On cars equipped with xenon lamps the Halogen lamps are used only for high beam flasher. 1 Unscrew the cover from the back of the lamp unit. To improve

accessibility to the right-hand headlight, hold aside the induction air hose. To improve accessibility to the left-hand headlight, remove the battery cover. Release the two clips along the long sides of the cover.

2 Unplug the connector. 3 To remove the spring clip, push it in and then move it to the right. 4 Remove the bulb. 5 Without touching the glass with your fingers, insert the new bulb. 6 Line up the bulb with the guide in the reflector and secure it with the spring clip. Look through the headlight lens to help fit the bulb correctly.

7 Plug in the connector. 8 Screw on the cover. Make sure that the guide on the cover is

aligned with the recess in the lamp housing.

206

Car care and technical information

Headlight bulb for low beam (Halogen) 1 Unscrew the cover from the back of the lamp unit. To improve

accessibility to the right-hand headlight, hold aside the induction air hose. To improve accessibility to the left-hand headlight, remove the battery cover. Release the two clips along the long sides of the cover.

2 Unplug the connector. 3 To remove the spring clip, push it in and then move it to the right. 4 Remove the bulb. 5 Without touching the glass with your fingers, insert the new bulb.

Look through the headlight lens to help fit the bulb correctly.

6 Line up the bulb with the guide in the reflector and secure it with

the spring clip.

7 Plug in the connector. 8 Screw on the cover. Make sure that the guide on the cover is

aligned with the recess in the lamp housing.

Make sure the cover is correctly fitted before locking it in place

Contact an authorized Saab workshop if a xenon headlight requires replacement

Car care and technical information

207

Parking-light bulb (cars with halogen low beam)

Parking-light bulb (cars with xenon low beam)

Front fog lights

Parking-light bulb (cars with halo- gen low beam) The parking-light bulb is adjacent to the bulb for low beam. 1 Unscrew the cover from the back of the

lamp unit.

2 Withdraw the bulb holder. 3 Change the bulb.

Parking-light bulb (cars with xenon low beam) The parking light bulb is adjacent to the xenon lamp. 1 Unscrew the cover from the back of the

lamp unit.

2 Take hold of the lamp leads and pull out the bulb holder. The lamp leads are rein- forced to facilitate changing bulbs. 3 Change the bulb. Look through the

headlight lens to help fit the bulb cor- rectly.

Front fog lights 1 From under the front bumper, grip the bulb holder and twist counterclockwise.

2 Unplug the connector. 3 Change the bulb. Refit in the reverse order.

WARNING

(cid:127) Never crawl under a car that is sup-

ported only by a jack.

(cid:127) Always use axle stands. Refer to the

information on jacks on page 227.

208

Car care and technical information

Catch seen from engine bay, left-hand side

Catch seen from engine bay, right-hand side

Front turn signal bulbs To change the bulb, the complete lamp unit has to be removed. 1 Depress the catch, accessed from the

engine bay.

2 Carefully pull out the lamp unit. 3 The bulb holder has a bayonet fitting.

Grip the holder and twist it counterclock- wise.

4 Withdraw the bulb holder from the lamp

unit.

5 The bulb also has a bayonet fitting.

Press in the bulb and twist it counter- clockwise.

6 Fit the new bulb and check that it is cor-

rectly seated.

Front turn signal bulb 1 Catch 2 Bayonet pin 3 Plastic lugs

To re-install the lamp unit 1 Align the catch with the recess in the

lamp housing holder.

2 Press the lamp housing towards the

headlight slightly and press the housing towards the rear of the car.

3 Make sure the locating pin and the two plastic lugs enter their respective holes. 4 Press the lamp housing until it click into

place.

Car care and technical information

209

14

2 3

2 3

Rear light cluster, 9-5 Sedan The bulbs for the lamps in the rear light clus- ter are accessed from the luggage compart- ment. 1 Lower the flap (secured with catches). 2 Squeeze the two plastic lugs and

remove the bulb holder.

3 The bulb has a bayonet fitting. Press in

the bulb and twist it counterclockwise.

4 Change the bulb.

Trunk lid light and taillights,

Rear light clusters 1 Direction indicators 2 Taillights 3 Stop lights and taillights 4 Reversing lights 5 Rear fog light 6 High-mounted brake light

2 3

2 3

9-5 Sedan Before changing bulbs in the trunk, you must first release the trim at the foot of the trunk. This involves removing the handle and the three trim fasteners (studs). 1 Unscrew the handle on the inside of the

tailgate.

2 Using the peg in the top of the screw-

driver handle, push in the button in the center of the studs. 3 Remove the studs. Changing bulbs 1 Squeeze together the silver plastic lug and the electrical connection and with- draw the lamp holder.

210

Car care and technical information

2 The bulb has a bayonet fitting. Press in

the bulb and twist it counterclockwise.

3 Change the bulb. Refitting the trim 1 Reset the studs by pushing back the

center buttons so that they protrude by 0.2 inch (5 mm).

2 Insert the studs through the trim and tail- gate panel. Press the center buttons in, flush with the collar.

3 Screw the handle back onto the trunk.

High-mounted stop lights 1 Panel 2 Retaining clips 3 Bulbs

High-mounted stop lights, 9-5 Sedan The bulbs can be accessed after the panel in the rear headlining has been removed. 1 Remove the panel by carefully pushing

in the two clips, one at the time.

2 Release the bulb holder, which is

retained by a clip at either end.

3 Withdraw the bulb gently straight back. 4 Push in the new bulb. 5 Refit the bulb holder. 6 Replace the panel by carefully pushing the panel towards the headlining so that the two clips engage their respective slot.

Tailgate bulbs, 9-5 Wagon 1 Turn the lock a quarter turn (90°) with a

screwdriver or the ignition key.

2 Open and remove the cover. 3 Take out the bulb holder by twisting it

slightly counterlockwise.

4 Press in the bulb and twist it

counterclockwise. 5 Change the bulb. 6 Check that the new bulb is working.

Car care and technical information

211

Reassembly: 1 Place the two ”hinges” in the recess in

the tailgate.

2 Then push the ”hinges” into the recess

and close the cover.

3 Turn the lock a quarter turn.

Rear lights clusters, 9-5 Wagon 1 Open the tailgate. 2 Remove the cover by turning the two

catches anticlockwise one quarter turn.

3 Remove the two screws securing the

light cluster to the body.

4 Pull the light cluster rearwards and angle it outwards (it is seated quite firmly).

5 Release the fastener from the body.

Reinsert the fastener into the groove in the light cluster. Press in the fastener until you hear a click.

6 Take out the bulb holder by twisting it

slightly counterclockwise.

7 Press in the bulb and twist it counter-

clockwise.

8 Change the bulb. 9 Check that the new bulb works.

212

Car care and technical information

Reassembly: 1 Align the fastener with the hole in the

body.

2 Press the lamp unit home into the body

until you hear a click.

3 Fit the screws and cover.

Loading lighting, 9-5 Wagon 1 Pull down the glass cover at the outer

edge.

2 Bend one of the contacts so that the

bulb can be removed.

3 Change the bulb. On refitting, insert the connector-end of the lamp fitting first.

License-plate light 1 Undo the two screws and remove the

lamp glass.

2 Withdraw the bulb. 3 Change the bulb. 4 Check the seal before fitting the glass.

Car care and technical information

213

Side direction indicators 1 Slide the lamp fitting forward and pull out

the back.

2 Remove the bulb. 3 Change the bulb. On refitting, make sure that the spring in the lamp fitting engages the edge of the open- ing in the body panel.