2002 Saab 9 5 Owners Manual

(cid:127) Turn the key back to the LOCK position. (cid:127) Turn the key to ON. (cid:127) Press one of the buttons on the remote

control (the LED stops blinking).

(cid:127) Start the engine. Try another key. If this works, then the fault is in the first key. Contact an authorized Saab dealer for checking and rectification.

Starting and driving Starting the engine

147

WARNING

(cid:127) When starting the engine:

- Sit down in the driver’s seat. - Depress the clutch pedal fully. The clutch pedal must be fully depressed or the starter will not engage. - Never start the car from outside the vehicle, e.g. through a wound down window. This could lead to serious personal injury.

(cid:127) Engage reverse (R) (position P for

automatic transmission) to remove the ignition key. The key can only be removed in this gear position.

(cid:127) Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, poisonous gas. Be alert to the danger of CO – always open the garage doors before starting the engine in the garage.

(cid:127) There is also a danger of CO poison- ing if the exhaust system is leaking.

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Starting and driving

(cid:127) The tail pipe of the exhaust system

can become very hot during driving. Bear this in mind when loading and unloading the car.

(cid:127) Do not rest or sleep in the car when

parked with the engine running. There is a risk of depressing the accelerator which could lead to engine damage.

It is possible for air to enter the lubricating system in conjunction with an oil or oil-filter change, or if the car has been stored for some time. This air can cause the hydraulic cam followers to emit a ticking noise, which can persist for up to 15 minutes after start- ing. Although this is quite normal and does not indicate any malfunction, it is advisable not to exceed 3,000 rpm before the noise has disappeared. The hydraulic cam lifters are completely service free; the valve clearance is set up at the factory and will not need any subse- quent adjustment.

Starting the engine Avoid racing the engine or putting a heavy load on it before it has warmed up. Drive away as soon as the oil warning light has been extinguished to enable the engine to attain its normal temperature as quickly as possible. The engine has an automatic choke and should be started as follows: Cars with manual transmission To start the engine the clutch pedal must be fully depressed. 1 Depress the clutch pedal fully but do not

touch the accelerator.

2 Start the engine. Let the ignition key

spring back as soon as the engine has started and is running smoothly – at very low temperatures, you may need to run the starter for up to 25 seconds. Wait 20-30 seconds before running the starter again, to give the battery time to recover.

Let the engine idle for about 10 seconds. Do not open the throttle wide for at least 2-3 minutes after starting.

Cars with automatic transmission 1 The selector lever must be in the P or N

position.

2 Keep your foot on the brake pedal. 3 Start the engine. Let the ignition key

spring back as soon as the engine has started and is running smoothly – at very low temperatures, you may need to run the starter for up to 25 seconds. Wait 20-30 seconds before running the starter again, to give the battery time to recover.

Let the engine idle for about 10 seconds. Do not open the throttle wide for at least 2–3 minutes after starting. Useful tips on cold climate starting If the engine has failed to start after several attempts in very cold weather, press and hold the accelerator down to the floor and run the starter for 5–10 seconds. This will prevent the engine being flooded (exces- sively rich fuel-air mixture). Now start the engine in the normal way – do not touch the accelerator. If the engine stalls immediately after starting (e.g. if the clutch was released too quickly), do not touch the accelerator when restarting the engine.

NOTE

If the CHECK ENGINE warning light starts to flash, ease off the accelerator slightly. If the light does not cease to flash within 5 seconds, stop the car in a suita- ble place as soon as possible and turn off the engine. The car must be towed to an authorized Saab dealer. If the CHECK ENGINE warning light flashes, it indicates that the engine is misfiring which can result in damage to the catalytic converter.

Limp-home mode The car’s engine-management system includes a diagnostic function that checks numerous internal functions after the engine has been shut off. If a fault is detected in the throttle system, the engine-management system puts the throt- tle system into the limp-home mode. This limits idling control, disables the cruise-con- trol system and limits the capacity of the A/C compressor. If the limp-home mode is in operation (”Engine malfunction (CHECK ENGINE)” light on, see below) and the outside temper- ature is close to or below freezing, you may need to use some throttle on starting (some pressure on the accelerator). If the diagnostic system has detected a fault in the engine-management system, the ”Engine malfunction (CHECK ENGINE)” on the main instrument panel will light come on (see page 53), indicating that you should have the car checked as soon as possible by an authorized Saab dealer.

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149

Important considerations for driving The engine-management system in the Saab 9-5 is called Saab Trionic T7. The system manages the ignition, fuel injection and turbo boost pressure. The Trionic T7 system developed by Saab is an intelligent engine-management system designed to achieve optimum driv- ability under differing driving conditions. The system makes adjustments automati- cally, for instance, if the car is being driven at altitude (oxygen-deficient air), for differ- ent grades of fuel (AON 87–93) and for dif- ferent load conditions. 1 Starting and driving (cid:127) Refrain from using full throttle before

the engine has warmed up (before needle in mid-range on temperature gauge).

(cid:127) A safety function prevents the engine from revving faster than 6,000 rpm by limiting the induction air.

2 Stopping the engine (cid:127) Do not rev the engine immediately

before switching it off - stop the engine when it is idling.

3 Regulating the boost pressure (cid:127) The system is optimized for fuel with an

octane rating of AON 90. The 2.3 T (Aero) and 3.0t V6 are optimized for

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Starting and driving

AON 93. One of the advantages of the system is that it enables the engine to be run safely on lower-grade fuel, although not lower than AON 87. (cid:127) The maximum boost pressure is

adjusted automatically to the knocking or pinging tendency of the engine. Occasional, short-lived knocking when the engine is under a heavy load is per- fectly normal; the extent will depend on the grade of fuel in the tank.

(cid:127) Isolated instances of knocking are

more likely to occur with low-octane fuel. This controlled form of knocking, followed by a reduction in the boost pressure, is a sign that the wastegate is functioning and is perfectly safe for the engine.

NOTE

If constant knocking occurs every time a load is put on the engine, this indicates a malfunction in the system. Have the car checked without delay by an authorized Saab dealer.

WARNING

Important considerations with cata- lytic converters

If the engine is being run with the car on a rolling road or dynamometer, to ensure adequate cooling, air must be blown into the engine compartment and under the car at a rate equivalent to the ram-air effect that would be obtained at the corre- sponding road speed.

NOTE

Use only unleaded gasoline. Leaded gas- oline is detrimental to the catalyst and oxygen sensor and will seriously impair the function of the catalytic converter.

The catalytic converter is an emission-con- trol device incorporated in the car’s exhaust system. It consists of a metal canister with a honeycomb insert, the cells of which have walls coated in a catalytic layer (mixture of precious metals). To ensure that the catalytic converter con- tinues to function properly, and also to avoid damage to the converter and its associated components, the following points must be observed: (cid:127) Have the car serviced regularly in accor-

dance with the service program. The fuel and ignition systems are particularly important in this context.

(cid:127) Always be alert to any misfiring of the

engine (not running on all cylinders) and any loss of power or performance. At the first sign of a malfunction, reduce speed and take the car to an authorized Saab dealer as soon as possible. If the engine fails to start (in very cold weather or if the battery is flat), the car can be push started (manual gearbox only) or started using jumper cables to a donor

(cid:127) 1

(cid:127) Never park the car on dry grass or other combustible material. The catalytic con- verter gets very hot and could therefore start a fire.

(cid:127) Never drive off if the engine is misfiring. If you jump start the car when the engine is already up to normal temperature, the engine must start to run on all cylinders. Stop jump-starting if the engine fails to start immediately.

NOTE

Oxygen-sensor-controlled injection system 1 Engine control module 2 Oxygen sensor (lambda probe) 3 Catalytic converters

battery. However, as soon as you have started the engine, it is important that it runs on all cylinders. If it is misfiring, allow it to idle for up to five minutes to give it time to settle and run smoothly. If, after this time, the engine still fails to run properly, turn off the engine and get in touch with an authorized Saab dealer for advice.

If the car runs out of fuel, it is possible for air to get into the fuel system. If this happens, the catalytic converter may overheat and be damaged.

Failure to follow these directions could result in the catalytic converter and associ- ated components being damaged, and could represent a breach of the warranty conditions. 3.0t V6: When starting the engine from cold an electrical pump is activated. This pump forces air into the exhaust system so that the catalytic converter will reach its normal operating temperature more rapidly. The pump is active for 30-60 seconds.

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151

Button for releasing filler flap

Fuel filler flap The fuel filler flap is opened by means of a button on the driver’s door. The flap is spring-loaded, so it opens slightly automat- ically when released.

(cid:127) 152

Starting and driving

Refueling

WARNING

(cid:127) Never use fuel for any purpose other

than as engine fuel.

(cid:127) Fuel is highly flammable and can

cause severe burns. Never use an open flame in the vicinity of gasoline and do not smoke when refuelling.

(cid:127) Do not use the phone when refueling .

Gasoline fuels are highly explosive.

Only fuel from well-known oil companies should be used. All Saab gasoline engines can be driven on fuel of grade AON 87-93. For optimum performance we recommend: (cid:127) AON 90 for 4-cylinder engines (cid:127) AON 93 for 3.0t V6 and 2.3T Aero, (see

page 250).

If fuel containing a mixture of alcohol is used, the following restrictions apply: Methanol: max. 5% by volume. Ethanol: max. 10% by volume. MTBE: max. 15% by volume. The fuel filler cap is located in the right rear quarter panel. Switch off engine. Open fuel door Insert the fuel-pump nozzle beyond the flange on the filler pipe. Do not withdraw the nozzle while fueling is in progress.

Stop refueling the first time the pump turns off, indicating the tank is full.

NOTE

Do not overfill. Fuel should not come right up the filler pipe as expansion room is needed.

Fuel-tank capacity: 18.5 US gal. (70 liters) Screw on the filler cap and keep turning until it has clicked at least three times. The most effective way to prevent conden- sation forming in the tank (and thus avoid possible running problems) is to keep the tank well filled. Before the onset of freezing temperatures in winter, it may be advisable to add gasoline anti-freeze to the fuel a few times to dispel any condensation in the system.

NOTE

(cid:127) Fill to maximum filling capacity (cid:127) Stop filling after the first time that the nozzle trips to shut off the flow of fuel

(cid:127) Filling capacity can differ between different fuel stations and outside temperature. Fuel tank volume when nozzle trips to shut off, may vary by 0.5 gal. (2 liters).

(cid:127) Do not fill fuel all the way up the filler pipe. The gasoline must be allowed room for expansion especially during hot weather.

Opening the fuel filler flap in an emergency, see page 143.

Recommended fuel: The engine in your Saab 9-5 is designed to operate on unleaded gasoline that has an octane rating of 87 or higher. Octane rating is determined according to the formula:

MON + RON

where MON is the Motor Octane Number, and RON is the Research Octane Number. The average of these two values is the octane rating of the gasoline as it appears on the pump at a retail gas station. This value is sometimes referred to as the "Anti-Knock Index" (AKI) or the "Average Octane Number" (AON). To avoid deposit formation on the fuel injec- tors which can cause poor driveability, use only quality gasolines that contain deter- gents and corrosion inhibitors. Because gasolines sold at retail gas stations vary in their composition and quality, you should switch to a different brand if you begin expe- riencing driveability and/or hard starting problems shortly after refueling your car. In recent years, a variety of fuel additives and alcohols or oxygenates have been blended with gasoline. These types of gasolines may be found in all parts of the United States and Canada, but particularly in geographic areas and cities that have high carbon mon- oxide levels. Saab approves the use of such "reformulated" gasolines in its products, which help in reducing pollution from all motor vehicles, provided that the following

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153

blending percentages are met by such fuels: (cid:127) Up to 10% ethanol by volume, with corro-

sion inhibitors.

(cid:127) Up to 15% MTBE by volume (methyl ter-

tiary butyl ether).

(cid:127) Up to 5% methanol by volume, with an

equal amount of a suitable co-solvent and added corrosion inhibitors.

Other, less common, fuel additives used by some gasoline dealers are also acceptable, provided that the resultant gasoline is not more than 2.7% oxygen by weight. Some Canadian and U.S. gasolines contain an octane enhancing additive called meth- lycyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT). If such fuel is used, your emission control system performance may deterio- rate and the malfunction indicator lamp on your instrument panel may turn on. If this occurs, return to your authorized Saab dealer for service. However, these blended gasolines are reg- ulated and should never exceed these rec- ommended blend percentages and service station operators should know if their gaso- lines contain detergents and oxygenates, and have been reformulated to reduce vehi- cle emissions. Nevertheless, if you begin to notice a problem with the way your car starts or runs shortly after it has been refueled, try a different brand of gasoline.

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Starting and driving

NOTE

NOTE

Higher concentrations of methanol than listed above, or the use of methanol- blended gasoline without suitable co-solvents and corrosion inhibitors, can damage your car’s fuel system, leading to the need for repairs which are not covered by Saab’s product warranty.

The engine control module (ECM) mon- itoring the engine parameters also stores fault codes. Under certain circumstances, this may cause constant illumination of the ”Engine malfunction (CHECK , thus indicating a ENGINE)” lamp fault that must be checked by your Saab dealer. NOTE: always observe the following two measures: (cid:127) Make sure that the fuel filler cap is

screwed on correctly before the engine is started. Screw on the fuel filler cap until you hear 3 distinct clicks.

(cid:127) Avoid driving with the fuel low level indicator illuminated. The symbol illuminates when less than approxi- mately 2 gallons (8 litres) of fuel remains in the tank.

Fuel (Gasoline Engine) Use regular unleaded gasoline rated at 87 octane or higher. It is recommended that the gasoline meet specifications which were developed by the American Automobile Manufacturers Association (AAMA) and endorsed by the Canadian Motor Vehicle Manufacturers Association for better vehi- cle performance and engine protection. Gasolines meeting the AAMA specification could provide improved driveability and emission control system performance com- pared to other gasolines.

In Canada, look for the ”Auto Makers’ Choice” label on the fuel pump.

Some gasolines that are not reformulated for low emissions may contain an octane-enhancing additive called methylcy- clopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT); ask your service station operator whether or not the fuel contains MMT. Saab Automobile AB does not recommend the use of such gasolines. If fuels containing MMT are used, spark plug life may be reduced and your emission control system performance may be affected. The malfunc- tion indicator lamp on your instrument panel may turn on. If this occurs, return to your authorized Saab dealer for service.

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155
Engine Break-In Period Pistons, bores and bearings need time to obtain uniform, wear-resistant surfaces. If a new engine is driven too hard, this grad- ual process of bedding-in will not be possi- ble and the life of the engine will be short- ened. During the first 1,200 miles (2,000 km), do not exceed 5,000 rpm. In addition, refrain from driving the car at full throttle, other than for brief instances, during the first 1,800 miles (3,000 km). Wearing in new brake pads New brake pads take time to bed in, about 90 miles (150 km) if the car is driven largely under stop-and-go conditions or about 300 miles (500 km) of highway driving. To extend the useful life of the pads, avoid hard braking as much as possible during this period.

Canada Only Be sure the posted octane is at least 87. If the octane is less than 87, you may get a heavy knocking noise when you drive. If it’s bad enough, it can damage your engine. If you’re using fuel rated at 87 octane or higher and you hear heavy knocking, your engine needs service. But don’t worry if you hear a little pinging noise when you’re accel- erating or driving up a hill. That’s normal, and you don’t have to buy a higher octane fuel to get rid of pinging. It’s the heavy, con- stant knock that means you have a problem. If your vehicle is certified to meet California Emission Standards (indicated on the underhood emission control label), it is designed to operate on fuels that meet Cal- ifornia specifications. If such fuels are not available in states adopting California emis- sions standards, your vehicle will operate satisfactorily on fuels meeting federal spec- ifications, but emission control system per- formance may be affected. The ”Engine malfunction (CHECK ENGINE)” indicator on your main instrument panel may turn on and/or your vehicle may fail a smog-check test. See ”Engine malfunction (CHECK ENGINE)” indicator on page 53. If this occurs, return to your authorized Saab dealer for diagnosis to determine the cause of failure. In the event it is determined that the cause of the condition is the type of fuels used, repairs may not be covered by your warranty.

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156
Gear changing Manual transmission To start the engine the clutch pedal must be fully depressed. The gear positions are marked on the gear lever. Before reverse (R) can be engaged, you must lift the ring underneath the gear-lever knob. To change gear, fully depress the clutch pedal and then release it smoothly. It is inadvisable to drive with your hand resting on the gear lever, as this can increase the wear on the transmission. When changing down from 5th to 4th gear, ease the gear lever straight back, without applying any lateral pressure. This will pre- vent 2nd gear being engaged by mistake, which can result in overreving and possible damage to the engine. Before engaging reverse, wait till the car is at a standstill, release the accelerator and fully depress the clutch. From neutral, press the gear lever firmly to the right before easing it back into reverse.

1 3

R4

Shift-up indicator for improved fuel economy (U.S. models only) Cars equipped with a manual transmission have a "Shift-up" light on the instrument panel. The light begins to work after the vehicle is warmed up and provides you with a good indication when to shift to a higher gear. It is not necessary or recommended to follow the shift-up recommendations in all driving conditions, for example, when driv- ing in heavy urban traffic or steep downhill grades. However, shifting with the light should result in improved fuel economy. Therefore, for reduced fuel consumption and better energy conservation, you should make a habit of shifting before or when the shift-up light comes on. Towing Towing of cars with manual transmission, see page 180.

Automatic transmission

WARNING

(cid:127) Make it a habit to keep your foot on the brake when selecting a drive position, to prevent the car from creeping for- ward (or backward if reverse is selected).

(cid:127) The car must be at a standstill before P, R or N is selected. You have to have your foot on the brake pedal to move the lever out of P. If the car is still moving when a drive position is subse- quently selected, this could cause a crash or damage the automatic trans- mission.

(cid:127) Never park the car with the selector lever in a drive position, even if the parking brake is on.

(cid:127) Always select "P" position and apply the parking brake when leaving the vehicle unattended.

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157

Selector lever

The electronic control module for the auto- matic transmission receives information on engine torque and road speed, and also controls the hydraulic pressure in the trans- mission to ensure that gear changing is as smooth as possible. The position of the selector lever is shown by the symbols adjacent to the lever and also by an indicator on the main instrument panel. The ignition key can only be removed when the selector lever is in the P position.

Selector-lever indicator on main instru- ment panel

When the car is stationary, the engine must be at idling speed when the selector lever is moved. You must have your foot on the brake pedal to move the lever out of park. If the accelerator is depressed while the lever is moved, this will result in abnormal wear in the transmission.

NOTE

After selecting a drive position, pause to allow the gear to engage before you accelerate.

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Starting and driving

R N D 4 3 L

4 L

Detent positions for selector movement

The detent button on the selector lever has to be pressed before the selector can be moved between certain positions.

Lock-up function The automatic transmission has a lock-up function, which renders the torque con- verter inoperative in 3rd, 4th and 5th gears, the result of which is to reduce the engine speed and, hence, fuel consumption. When the lock-up function comes into oper- ation, it may give the impression of an over- drive being engaged. Kick-down When the accelerator is pressed down hard, a change-down to the next gear will be effected to provide maximum acceleration, e.g. for overtaking. The change-up to the next gear again will take place either when the accelerator is released or when maximum engine speed is reached.

Three modes for the automatic transmis- sion can be selected: Normal, Sport and Winter. The Normal mode, which provides the best fuel economy, is the default setting when the engine is started. When the Sport mode is selected, the throttle angle is altered to provide more power at the same throttle setting. The transmission also changes up later than in Normal mode to provide higher perfor- mance. In this mode, the SPORT indicator will appear on the main instrument panel (see page 163). The Winter mode is intended for use when pulling away and driving on icy roads. In this mode, the transmission starts in 3rd gear, to provide better grip, and the WINTER indica- tor appears on the main instrument panel. When the ignition is turned to OFF, the auto- matic transmission will automatically revert to Normal mode (see page 163). Adaptive gear-change pattern is a trans- mission function in the Normal and Sport modes which matches gear changing to current driving conditions. The transmission control module senses the load on the engine and selects one of three available gear-change patterns, and so avoids unnecessary changing up or down.

8

Park Brake Shift lock The transmission has a security function known as Park Brake Shift Lock. To move the gear selector out of the P position, the brake pedal must be depressed at the same time as the gear selector catch (detente) is pressed in.

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159

Automatic transmission, fault indicator

If ”Automatic transmission, fault indicator” light appears on the main instrument panel, the system has detected a fault in the auto- matic transmission or its control module (see page 55). This also means that the Limp-home mode has been selected, to guard against further damage being done to the transmission. In this mode, the automatic transmission starts in 5th gear, and gear changes (if nec- essary) will have to be made manually. It is not possible to select the SPORT or WINTER mode when the Limp-home mode is active. You should have the automatic transmis- sion checked as soon as possible by an authorized Saab dealer. The following gears will be engaged in the respective selector positions when the auto- matic transmission is in the Limp-home mode:

Position R

Gear

Reverse 5th 5th 5th 2nd

Shift Lock override

NOTE

Due to electrical problems it may not be possible to move the selector out of the park position, even if the ignition is ON. If for some reason the selector has to be moved out of the park position (i.e. to tow the car a short distance) do as described below.

1 Apply the parking brake 2 Make sure the key is in position ON 3 Use a small tool such as a screwdriver and push the lever (see picture) down- wards so that the detent button can be pressed approx. 10 mm

4 Move the selector out of position P to N 5 Remove the tool 6 Release the parking brake if the car is to be moved immediately; otherwise keep it applied

Check fuse No. 1 (see page 218). If the fuse is OK, check the battery regarding the volt- age. If the problem was cured by changing the fuse or battery, you do not have to contact a Saab dealer. If the fuse blows again as soon as the Shift Lock feature is activated you should contact your Saab dealer.

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Starting and driving

NOTE

If the control module has actuated the Limp-home function for the automatic transmission, the car will remain in 5th gear when D is selected, making it very sluggish. To overcome this, move the selector lever to position L.

Overheated transmission fluid If the automatic-transmission fluid should overheat, the following message will appear on the SID: ”TRANSMISSION OVERHEATING”. If this happens, stop the car and wait for the mes- sage to be extinguished. Continue driving in a locked gear that produces an engine speed of about 3,000 rpm. Overheating of the automatic-transmission fluid can occur when the car is towing a heavy load, such as a camping trailer in hilly country, with the wrong gear selected, resulting in abnormally frequent gear changing. Try selecting position L, 3 or 4. High ambient temperatures can also increase the temperature of the transmis- sion fluid or the oil cooler may be faulty. Contact an authorized Saab dealer (see also page 173).

Driving on hilly roads with a heavy load The transmission fluid can overheat when the gearbox is strained, for example, when driving with a trailer on hilly roads with the wrong gear is selected, resulting in many extra gear changes. To avoid the transmis- sion fluid overheating, always drive in Normal mode. The adaptive gear change patterns are then active. High air temperatures or a faulty oil cooler can also cause the transmission fluid to overheat. Overheating reduces the service life of the fluid. Contact an authorized Saab dealer (see also page 173).

WARNING

Remember to use engine-braking (selec- tor position L, 3, or 4) to spare the brakes when you are driving on a long or steep downhill slope. Brake failure can result from overheated brakes!

Towing Towing of cars with automatic transmission, see page 180.

Selector positions To shift out of the P position you must depress the brake pedal and the ignition must be ON. The parking position (P) must only be selected when the car is at a complete standstill. The selector lever is locked and the transmission is mechanically immobilized. Always apply the parking brake after parking the car. The engine can be started. The key can be removed. The reverse (R) position must only be selected when the car is at a complete standstill. The detent-release button must be pressed before the selector lever can be moved to R. Wait until reverse gear has engaged (car starts to creep) before touching the accelerator.

In the Neutral position (N), the transmission is disengaged from the engine. The engine can be started, but first ensure that the parking brake is on, to prevent the car from moving off unexpect- edly. To prevent the engine and transmission from becoming hotter than necessary, select N for stops other than brief ones, e.g. if stuck in a traf- fic jam. The normal drive position (D) is recommended for waiting at traffic lights.

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161

The Drive position (D) is the position for normal motoring. Gear changes between 1st and 5th will take place automatically, the timing of which is determined by the throttle (accelerator) posi- tion and the speed of the car. After moving the selector lever to D, pause to give the gear time to engage (car starts to pull).

In position 4, 5th gear is locked out. The car will start in 1st gear and normal gear changing (up and down) will take place automatically between gears 1, 2, 3 and 4. Moving the selector lever from D to 4 will effect a change-down to 4th gear, which will give better engine-braking. Do not move the selector to position 4 at speeds in excess of 90 mph (150 km/h). Position 3 is recommended in hilly country as it provides effective engine-braking. Normal gear changing (up and down) between 1st and 3rd gear will take place automatically. Fourth and 5th gears are locked out. Do not move the selector to position 3 at speeds in excess of 70 mph (110 km/h).

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Starting and driving

Select position L if you wish to drive in 1st or 2nd gear. This provides maximum engine braking. The transmission shifts down from 2nd to 1st if the speed of the car drops below 20 mph (35 km/h).

If the gear selector lever is moved from position D to L, a change-down to 4th gear will occur at about 110 mph (180 km/h). It will then change-down to 3rd gear at 80 mph (130 km/h), to 2nd gear at 45 mph (75 km/h) and 1st at 20 mph (35 km/h). Manual gear-changing is not recommended on slippery roads.

NOTE

(cid:127) Do not move the selector to position 4 at speeds in excess of

90 mph (150 km/h).

(cid:127) Do not move the selector to position 3 at speeds in excess of

70 mph (110 km/h).

Adaptive gear-change patterns Adaptive gear-change patterns are selected automatically depend- ing on the engine load and the present temperature of the transmis- sion. The function is available in Normal and Sport modes. The changes occur at a higher engine speed and the car remains in the same gear for longer, if the transmission control module senses that the load has not decreased. These gear-change patterns pre- vent unnecessary changing up and down, when for example driving up long slopes with a trailer or caravan, and to prevent overheating the transmission oil. The adaptive gear-change function is also selected automatically when the transmission oil becomes too hot, to protect the transmission itself from damage and to lower the oil temperature. The adaptive gear-change pattern function is deselected when: (cid:127) Winter mode is selected. (cid:127) The engine is switched off. (cid:127) The load is reduced so much that the function is no longer

required.

(cid:127) ”Automatic transmission, fault indicator”

instrument panel, see page 159.

appears on main

SPORT and WINTER modes

To select Sport mode, press the ”S” button on the selector lever when the selector lever is in position N, D, 4, 3 or L. In this mode, gear changes will take place at higher engine speeds than in Normal mode, in other words, the transmission will change up later and change down earlier for the same throt- tle (accelerator) position. The Sport mode will be deselected if: (cid:127) The S button is pressed. (cid:127) The selector lever is moved to position P or R. (cid:127) The engine is switched off. (cid:127) The Winter mode is selected. (cid:127) ”Automatic transmission, fault indicator”

appears on main instrument panel, see page 159.

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163

The Winter mode facilitates pulling away and driving on icy roads. Third gear is selected auto- matically for pulling away to reduce wheelspin. Winter mode can be selected when the engine is running by pressing the ”W” button on the selector-lever surround. It cannot be selected when the selector lever is in position L. Note: It is still possible to use kick-down in the Winter mode, in which case a change-down to 1st or 2nd will take place. The Winter mode will be deselected if: (cid:127) The W button is pressed. (cid:127) The engine is switched off. (cid:127) The selector lever is moved to position L. (cid:127) The automatic-transmission fluid overheats. (cid:127) ”Automatic transmission, fault indicator”

appears on main instrument panel, see page 159.

Starting and driving

164
Cruise control

WARNING

(cid:127) Do not use the Cruise control system on wet or icy roads, in dense traffic or on winding roads.

(cid:127) Set the control to OFF when you do

not want to use the system, to prevent the system being activated inadvert- ently.

For safety reasons (brake system func- tion) the brakes must be applied once, when the engine has started, before the cruise control system can be activated. The system is operated by means of the controls on the stalk switch: (cid:127) ON/OFF (switch on/off). (cid:127) RESUME/– (Resume preset speed). (cid:127) SET/+ (to set the desired speed). (cid:127) CANCEL (Cancel operation of system,

e.g. to reduce speed temporarily).

When the system is ON, the CRUISE indi- cator light will appear on the main instru- ment panel and will be extinguished when the system is switched OFF. If CANCEL is selected, CRUISE will flash once. To set the desired speed Move the switch to ON. Accelerate to the desired speed (minimum speed: 25 mph (40 km/h)) and press SET/+.

Cruise-control switches

To increase the preset speed Accelerate to the desired speed and press SET/+. You can also increase the speed of the car using the SET/+ button. Press it once to increase the speed by 1 mph (1.6 km/h) or hold it in and release when the desired speed is reached. Temporary increase in speed Press the accelerator to override the preset speed, e.g. for overtaking. When you release the accelerator, the system will revert to the preset speed. To cancel temporarily Move the control stalk to CANCEL (spring-loaded position before OFF posi- tion). This will disengage the system but the preset speed will be retained in the system

memory. (The memory is deleted when the engine is switched off.) To re-engage the system To revert to the preset speed, slide the switch to RESUME/–. This will only operate when the car’s speed is above 25 mph (40 km/h). To reduce the preset speed The cruise control system will always disen- gage automatically the moment that either the brake pedal or the clutch pedal is depressed. It is also possible to reduce the speed by means of the RESUME/– button. Sliding the button to RESUME/– once will reduce the speed by 1 mph (1.6 km/h). Holding the button in the RESUME/– posi- tion will effect a gradual reduction in speed until the button is released. Disengaging the system The system will be disengaged: (cid:127) When the brake or clutch pedal is

depressed.

(cid:127) When the switch is moved to CANCEL. (cid:127) When the switch is moved to OFF. (cid:127) When the engine is switched off. (cid:127) When the selector lever is moved to posi- tion N (cars with automatic transmission).

Braking To avoid the brakes becoming overheated, (e.g. when negotiating long descents with a drop of several hundred feet), select a low gear to use the braking effect of the engine. If the car has automatic transmission, move the selector lever to position 1 or 2. When driving fast, you can help to prolong the life of the brakes by thinking ahead and braking harder for short periods, rather than braking more moderately over long stretches. Brake pad wear indicators The outboard brake pads on the front wheels incorporate pad-wear indicators. When the lining is down to 3 mm, the pad will produce a screeching, squealing or scraping noise when the brakes are applied. New pads should be fitted without delay. Brake pads should only be replaced by an authorized Saab dealer. To ensure optimum brake performance, it is recommended that you use only Saab original brake pads.

ABS brakes

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165

WARNING

(cid:127) It is prudent to try your brakes from

time to time, especially when driving in heavy rain, through water collected on the road, in snow, on a wet road sur- face or in salty slush. In such condi- tions, the brakes may take longer than normal to take effect. To rectify this, touch the brake pedal periodically to dry the brakes out.

(cid:127) The same applies after the car has

been washed or when the weather is very humid.

(cid:127) Avoid parking the car with wet brakes. Before parking, and if the traffic condi- tions allow, brake quite heavily so that the brake discs and pads warm up and dry.

(cid:127) The brakes are power assisted and it should be kept in mind that the servo unit only provides the power assis- tance when the engine is running.

(cid:127) The brake pressure required when the engine is off,(e.g. when the car is on tow) is roughly four times the normal pedal force required. The pedal also feels hard and unresponsive.

WARNING

(cid:127) The additional safety afforded by the ABS system is not designed to allow drivers to drive faster but to make normal driving safer.

(cid:127) To stop as quickly as possible, without

loss of directional stability, whether the road surface is dry, wet or slippery, press the brake pedal down hard- without letting up, declutching simultaneously, and steer the car to safety.

ABS (antilock braking system) modulates the brake pressure to the respective wheels. Wheel sensors detect if a wheel is about to lock, and the control module reduces the pressure to that wheel and then increases it once more until the tendency is detected again. The brake system is equipped with an Elec- tronic Brake-force Distribution device (EBD), which distributes the brake pressure between the front and rear wheels, in such a way as to achieve optimum braking perfor- mance irrespective of the car’s speed and load. The ABS system has a built-in diagnostic function which will switch on the Anti-lock brake warning light if a fault is detected in the system (see page 52).

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Starting and driving

The ABS system will not reduce the braking distance on loose gravel or on snow or ice but, because the wheels cannot lock up, some steering control is retained. When the ABS system is working, i.e. mod- ulation of the brake pressure is in progress, the brake pedal will pulsate and a ticking noise will be heard. All this is perfectly nor- mal. Press the pedal down hard (you cannot press too hard) and steer the car to safety.

Braking with ABS – evasive steering

Braking with ABS brakes. When the system is operating, the brake pedal will pulsate gently and the system will make a ticking noise.

Do not release the brake pedal before the car has come to a halt or the danger is past! That is critical. If the road is slippery, the ABS system will operate even when only light pressure is applied to the pedal. This means that you can brake gently to test the condition of the road and adapt your driving accordingly. It is well worth practicing the use of ABS brakes on a skid pad or other suitable facil- ity.

Traction Control System How the system works The traction control system (TCS) is designed to prevent wheelspin. This enables the car to achieve the best possible grip and, hence, maximum tractive effort, together with greater stability. The TCS system uses information from the ABS system’s wheel sensors to detect when the front (driving) wheels are rotating faster then the rear wheels. It then monitors whether one driving wheel is rotating faster than the other. If so, the faster wheel is retarded until both wheels are rotating at the same speed. If the two front wheels are rotating at the same speed but are turning faster than the rear wheels, the torque from the engine is reduced to eliminate the difference. The process continues until all the wheels are rotating at the same speed. The advantages of the TCS system become most apparent when the cohesion between the front wheels and the road surface is so low that one or both of the wheels would lose their grip were the car not equipped with the TCS, e.g.:

(cid:127) When the car is pulling away or accelerat- ing with the front wheels on different sur- faces (e.g. one slippery and one dry). The TCS then functions like an electronic dif- ferential lock.

(cid:127) When the car is pulling away or accelerat- ing on a slippery road, in which case the TCS eliminates wheelspin. The same applies when the car is reversing.

(cid:127) On cornering, if there is a tendency for the inner front wheel to rotate faster than the other wheels. (cid:127) On overtaking.

WARNING

In normal driving, the TCS system will help to improve the safety of the car, but it does not mean that the car can be driven faster. The same care and pru- dence normally applied should be dis- played on cornering and when driving on slippery roads.

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167

TCS OFF The panel will come on:

indicator on the main instrument

If a fault has been detected and the system has therefore been switched off. If there is a fault in the ABS system. If the system has been switched off man- ually.

The indicator light will also come on for 4 seconds when the ignition key is turned to ON, while an internal system check is per- formed. TCS indicator The indicator light will come on for 4 seconds when the ignition key is turned to ON, while an internal system check is per- formed.

The light in the tachometer comes on when the system is operative, i.e. when the wheels are not rotating at the same speed. The fact that the TCS system is operative indicates that the limit for grip has been exceeded and that the driver must exert greater care.

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Starting and driving

Turning the TCS off The TCS is switched on automatically when the engine is started. The system can be switched off manually by the TCS button, whereupon on the main instrument panel will come on. The TCS system cannot be switched off if the car is travelling faster than 35 mph (60 km/h). It may be necessary to switch off the system if the car has become bogged down, for instance. Press TCS to switch it on again. If a fault is detected in the ABS system, the TCS will be switched off automatically. The cruise-control system will automatically be disengaged after one second if it is active when the TCS starts to operate.

Electronic Stability Program (ESP) (option/certain models only)

The Electronic Stability Program employs both the antilock braking system (ABS) and the traction control system (TCS). It is a safety system that helps the driver to stabi- lize the car in unusual circumstances that can otherwise be difficult to handle. How the ESP system works The Electronic Stability Program can help to prevent the car from skidding by braking one or several wheels independently of the driver. The engine output is then also reduced to prevent the driving wheels from spinning. The car has sensors that measure wheel speed, yaw acceleration, lateral acceleration, steering wheel position and braking pressure. The values provided by these sensors are used to calculate the actual direction of the car. If this direction does not agree with that intended by the driver, calculated from the steering wheel position, the ESP is engaged. ESP improves the driver’s chances of retaining control over the car in critical situ- ations.

ESP OFF The if: (cid:127) A fault has been detected and the system

light in the rev counter comes on

has therefore been switched off.

(cid:127) The system has been switched off manu-

ally.

(cid:127) When the ignition key is turned to the ON position, the lamp is lit for about four sec- onds while the system undergoes a self-test.

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169

indicator light in the rev counter

ESP indicator light The comes on for a short period of time when the ESP system is operative. Operation of the ESP indicates reduced cohesion between the tires and the road, and that extra care should be taken by the driver. Turning ESP off The system can be turned off manually with the ESP button, whereupon the light on the main instrument panel will come on. The ESP system cannot be switched off if the car is travelling faster than 35 mph (60 km/h). The ESP is always operative during brak- ing, even if it has been switched off manu- ally.

WARNING

When driving normally, ESP will help to improve the stability of the car. This does not mean that car can be driven faster. The same care and prudence as normally applied should be displayed on cornering and when driving on slippery roads.

Increased stability with ESP. The system applies the brakes to the wheels as shown to prevent the car from skidding

NOTE

Suspension modifications, such as changing the type of wheels, dampers or springs, can affect the function of the ESP system. Always consult a Saab dealer before changing any suspension components.

170
Starting and driving Economical motoring Factors affecting fuel consumption Fuel consumption is greatly affected by the general driving conditions, the way in which the car is driven and at what speeds, the weather, the state of the road, the condition of the car, etc. Breaking-in Fuel consumption may be somewhat higher during the break-in period (the first 3,000– 4,000 miles (5,000–7,000 km) than stated under ”Technical data”. Weather conditions Fuel consumption can be as much as 10 % lower in summer than in winter. The higher consumption in cold weather is explained by the longer time it takes for the engine to reach normal operating temperature, and for the transmission and wheel bearings to warm up. Fuel economy is also affected by the distance driven: short journeys of 3-5 miles (5-8 km) do not give the engine enough time to reach normal temperature. Strong winds can also affect fuel consump- tion.

a major impact on fuel consumption after the engine has started from cold. Thus, if the car is mainly used for short journeys of 3–5 miles (5–8 km), the fuel consumption will be 60–80 % higher than normal. Driving technique (cid:127) To obtain the best running economy, not only regarding fuel consumption but gen- eral wear also, regular service is required.

(cid:127) High speed, unnecessary acceleration,

heavy braking and much low gear work all gives rise to higher fuel consumption.

(cid:127) Frequent gear changing in traffic, starting in cold weather, the use of studded tires and roof racks, and towing a trailer all increase fuel consumption.

(cid:127) Do not run the engine when the car is sta-

tionary. If idling, it will take much longer before the engine becomes hot. Engine wear is greatest during this warming-up phase. Therefore drive away as soon as possible after the engine is started and avoid high revving.

Percentage increase in fuel consumption of engine starting from cold compared to engine at normal temperature.

How to read the graph on the right: If fuel consumption with the engine at normal temperature is 28 mpg (10l/100 km), the actual fuel consumption 3 miles (5 km) after the engine has started from cold will be: – 23.5 mpg (12l/100 km) at outside temp.

of 68°F (20°C) (increase of 20%).

– 17.7 mpg (16l/100 km) at outside temp.

of 32°F (0°C) (increase of 60%).

– 14 mpg (20l/100 km)) at outside temp. of

–4°F (–20°C) (increase of 100%).

As can be seen, both the distance travelled by the car and the outside temperature have

Engine block heater (standard equipment in Canada, accessory in U.S.) The following are just some of the benefits to the car and the environment of using an engine block heater: (cid:127) Lower fuel consumption. (cid:127) Reduced wear on the engine. Inside of car warms up faster.

(cid:127) Exhaust emissions substantially reduced

over short runs.

The engine heater is effective at outside temperatures up to +15-20°C. The warmer it is outside, the shorter the time the engine heater needs to be connected. Longer than 1.5 hours is unnecessary. If the car is equipped with a removable, electrical cabin heater that is not in use, this should be stored in the luggage compart- ment.

(cid:127) Driving in a low gear results in higher fuel consumption than in a high gear because of the higher engine speed for a given road speed. Always change up to a higher gear as soon as traffic conditions allow and use the highest gear as much as pos- sible.

(cid:127) Check the air pressure in the tires once a month. Incorrect pressures increase tire wear. It is better to have slightly higher pressure than lower.

(cid:127) Check fuel consumption regularly.

Increased consumption can indicate that something is wrong and that the car needs to be checked by an authorized Saab dealer.

Practical trials on the roads have demon- strated that substantial savings in fuel con- sumption can be made if the above advice is heeded. Road conditions Wet roads increase fuel consumption, as do unpaved roads and driving in hilly country (the amount of fuel saved driving downhill is less than the additional amount required to climb the hill).

WARNING

Never switch the engine off while driving as the effect of the brakes and power steering will be greatly reduced.

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171

Driving in cold weather Before starting a journey in cold weather you should check the following: (cid:127) That the wiper blades have not become

frozen to the windshield/glass.

(cid:127) Brush any snow away from the air intake for the heater system (opening between hood and windshield). It may be advisable to lubricate the door-lock cylinder (use molybdenum disulphide, MoS2) to prevent its freezing. If the lock has frozen, take care not to break the key (or use the remote control) – heat it first or spray it with de-icer.

(cid:127) Periodically during the winter, add gaso- line anti-freeze to the fuel to dispel any condensation in the fuel tank which could freeze and cause problems in the system. Keep the tank well filled to reduce the risk of condensation forming. If the car is parked outside in freezing weather, fuel additives (gasoline anti-freeze) will not do any good as it cannot remove water that has already fro- zen. Park the car in a warm place so that any ice that may have built up melts, then add gasoline anti-freeze when filling up the tank. Condensation is caused by changes in the outdoor temperature or by the car being parked alternately in a garage and outside. It is particularly important when the roads are slippery that the brakes and tires be in good condition.

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Starting and driving

(cid:127) Check the anti-freeze in the engine cool-

ant, see page 196.

The car´s trip computer will warn you when there is a risk of slippery conditions. For fur- ther information on this function, see page 60. The car is equipped with tires designed to provide optimum grip on both wet and dry roads, although this has been achieved at the expense of somewhat reduced grip on snow and ice. For regular driving on snow and ice, we therefore recommend that winter (snow) tires be fitted. Winter (snow) tires, particularly studded tires (where use is legally permitted), gener- ally make driving safer on snow and ice. Acquaint yourself with the legal provi- sions governing the use of different types of winter tires and snow chains. Studded tires are not allowed in some countries.

If winter tires are fitted, the same type must be fitted on all wheels. Your Saab dealer will be pleased to advise you on the best tires for your car. Remember that tires age. It may therefore be necessary to change them before they reach the legal wear limit, as they gradually lose their friction properties. The best response if the car gets into a front-wheel skid is to freewheel (manual gearbox only), i.e. disengage the clutch (so that the wheels are neither driven or retarded by the engine. If the car has automatic transmission, ease up on the accelerator and steer carefully in the desired direction. In a rear-wheel skid, steer in the same direc- tion that the rear of the car is moving.

Tire chains If you want to fit tire chains (where legally permitted) they should only be fitted to the tires recommended under ”Specifications” (see page 256). Consult your Saab dealer for details of approved tire chains.

WARNING

(cid:127) Do not exceed 30 mph (50 km/h)

when tire chains are fitted.

(cid:127) Tire chains can reduce the directional

stability of the car.

(cid:127) Tire chains must not be used on the

rear wheels.

NOTE

(cid:127) Check the links frequently for wear. (cid:127) Check that the chains do not contact

the wheel-arch liner at full lock.

(cid:127) See section ”Specifications”, page 256, for information on allowable wheel dimensions for the fitting of tire chains.

Driving in hot weather (cid:127) Always check the coolant level before

starting a journey. The level should be just below the MAX mark.

(cid:127) At the end of a journey, if the engine has

worked hard, allow it to idle for two or three minutes before switching it off. If the needle on the temperature gauge enters the red zone: 1 Bring the car to a standstill but leave the engine running. Do not remove the cap on the expansion tank even if the tank is empty. If the needle on the temperature gauge continues to rise while the engine is idling, switch off the engine.

2 Wait until the needle has dropped back to indicate normal temperature (roughly midway, in the white zone) before stop- ping the engine. If the coolant needs top- ping up, unscrew the cap on expansion tank carefully. Top up, as necessary, ideally with a 50/50 mixture of Saab-approved coolant and water. If only water is available, use that, but remember to have the coolant mixture checked as soon as possible.

WARNING

Always undo the expansion tank filler cap carefully, releasing the pressure and any vapor before removing the cap com- pletely.

3 As soon as possible, have the cooling

system checked by an authorized Saab dealer.

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173

Towing a trailer Trailer hitch attachment Trailer hitch attachments are available as accessories. These are designed for a max- imum trailer weight of 3500 lbs. (1588 kg), see also page 249. Use only the electrical trailer hitch socket provided in the trailer hitch kit. Saab recommends: (cid:127) Use a Saab original hitch kit attachment which is designed and tested by Saab. (cid:127) Consult your Saab dealer regarding the

appropriate hitch kit for your car.

NOTE

Use only a genuine Saab trailer hitch and wiring, since other wiring methods can cause expensive damage to the car’s body and electrical system. Consult an authorized Saab dealer for guidance on how to connect the trailer hitch electrical system.

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Starting and driving

Trailer weight Maximum recommended trailer weights for different gradients, with a view to comfort and drivability for manual and automatic cars, are shown on the drawing. Make sure you are familiar with the law regarding speed limits for towing, maxi- mum trailer weights, trailer-braking requirements, and also any special driving-licence provisions (see also page 249).

WARNING

When towing a trailer, do not attempt to negotiate a hill having a gradient in excess of 15%. The weight distribution over the front wheels of the car will be insufficient to prevent wheelspin, making further progress impossible. In addition, the parking brake may not always be able to hold the car and trailer securely, with the result that the wheels can start to slide downhill.

The specified trailer weights and gradients assume that the journey starts at the hill and therefore apply only to short periods.

Maximum recommended trailer weights for different gradients

Recommendations for driving in hilly terrain The following time limits are based on the capacity of the cooling system in warm weather, i.e. approximately 86°F (30°C).

Gradient of hill, %

6-7
8-9
10-15

Maximum dura- tion, minutes

Maximum trailer weight, lbs. (kg) 3300 (1500) unlimited 3300 (1500) 15 max 15 max 1870 (850)

The following time limits are based on the capacity of the cooling system in hot weather, i.e. approximately 104°F (40°C).

Gradient of hill, %

6-7
8-9
10-15

Maximum trailer weight, lbs. (kg) 2000 (900) 2000 (900) 1000 (450)

Maximum dura- tion, minutes

unlimited 15 max 15 max.

Do not drive continuously with the WINTER mode selected in hilly country when you are towing a trailer, as this will increase fuel con- sumption and risk overheating the transmis- sion. Driving considerations Always take extra care when towing a trailer, as the car’s handling will be different and its braking effect reduced. The trailer’s braking system and suspension also have a considerable effect on these characteris- tics, see also ”Driving with a load” page 178. If the car is equipped with automatic trans- mission, select position L when ascending or descending steep hills.

NOTE

If the ”Automatic transmission, fault indi- cator” indicator comes on, cease towing until the problem has been recti- fied.

Use Normal mode when driving with a trailer or trailer on hilly roads. The adaptive gear change pattern function will prevent the transmission from overheating. Rises in coolant temperature are indicated by the temperature gauge in the main instru- ment panel. The following can also occur:

the A/C-compressor can be shut off the gear-change pattern is changed the CHECK message TRANSMISSION OVERHEATING can appear on the SID

If TRANSMISSION OVERHEATING appears on the SID, stop the car as soon as it is safe to do so and wait until the warning has been extinguished. When continuing your journey, select a locked gear (1, 2 or 3) that will allow you to drive at an engine speed of about 3,000 rpm (see page 161).

WARNING

Remember to use engine-braking (selec- tor position L, 3, or 4) to spare the brakes when you are driving on a long or steep downhill slope. Brake failure can result from overheated brakes!

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175

Distribution of load in trailer a Light b Moderate c Heavy

Trailer hitch load The weight distribution on the trailer makes a lot of difference to the handling properties of the car and trailer combination. As regards single-axle trailers, whenever pos- sible, concentrate the load over the wheels and keep it as low as possible. The trailer should be loaded so that the maximum load on the towbar ball is 5% to 7% of the trailer weight with a maximum per- missible tongue weight of 165 lbs. (75 kg). Note that this load must be added to the total load for the car. If this now exceeds the specified load capacity, the load in the lug- gage compartment will have to be reduced by a corresponding amount.

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176
Driving with a roof rack load

WARNING

(cid:127) A roof load will affect the car’s center

of gravity and aerodynamics. Be aware of this when cornering and driv- ing in crosswinds.

(cid:127) Suit your speed to the prevailing con-

ditions.

(cid:127) Due to higher aerodynamic drag, fuel economy may suffer when driving with a roof rack.

The maximum permissible roof load is 220 lbs. (100 kg). Note that the roof load is included in the car’s maximum permissible load (see page 248). Strong, sturdy roof carriers designed spe- cially for the car are available from your Saab dealer. Always secure the roof load safely.

Fitting the roof carriers (accessory) 9-5 Sedan The carrier feet are marked with a top view of the car and arrow indicating their posi- tions. 1 Slip the plastic cover onto the adjustable

foot of the carrier (foot with knob for tightening) to protect the paintwork during assembly.

2 Open all the doors.

Fold back the rubber strip and find the fixing holes.

3 Start on the left-hand side of the car.

Rest the carrier carefully across the roof, with the rigid foot towards you. Hold the foot clear of the roof to avoid damaging the paintwork. Fold back the rubber strip and insert the pins on the foot into the fixing holes. Make sure that the rubber strip comes inside the plastic cover on the carrier.

Repeat the procedure with the other car- rier.

4 Close the doors on the left-hand side of the car gently, to hold the carrier feet in place.

5 Now go around to the other side of the car and remove the plastic cover from the carrier’s adjustable foot. Fold back the rubber strip and insert the pins on the foot into the fixing holes. Do the same with the other carrier and close the doors gently.

6 Tighten each carrier by turning the knob

clockwise (by hand). Tighten just enough to bring the foot up against the edges of the fixing holes.

Remove the carriers when not in use, as they increase fuel consumption. The instructions that accompany the carri- ers also include advice on driving with a roof load - we strongly recommend that you read them carefully.

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Fitting the roof carriers (accessory) 9-5 Wagon 1 Clean the car’s roof rails. 2 Check the markings on the cross mem- bers to see which is the front and which is the rear roof carrier.

3 Place the cross members on the roof rails, on their respective sides of the center supports. The cross members must not be placed beyond the front or rear joint on the rail. Ensure that the dis- tance between the cross members is at least 28 inches (700 mm). If a roof box is to be fitted, the cross members must be positioned so that the tailgate can be opened fully without hit- ting the roof box.

4 Using your thumb, press the bracket so that it lies snugly against the outside of the roof rail. Make sure that the roof car- riers are seated centrally on the rubber spacers and that these sit correctly on the roof rail. Pull the spacers down slightly on the inside of the roof rail.

5 Center the roof carriers so that they pro-

trude equally on both sides.

6 Tighten the roof carriers by hand.

Ensure that the tightening knobs are upright once the roof carriers have been tightened.

7 Make sure the roof carriers are securely

in place.

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178
Driving with a load The driving characteristics of the car are affected by the way it is loaded. (cid:127) Place heavy loads as far forward and as

low as possible in the trunk.

(cid:127) Secure the load to the tie downs, see

page 134.

(cid:127) The load should be such that the car´s

total weight or axle weight are not exceeded, see page 248.

(cid:127) Heavy loads mean that the car’s center of gravity is further back. As a result, the car will sway more during evasive steering.

(cid:127) Never exceed the permissible load in the roof box, even if there is room for more. (cid:127) Ensure that the tire pressure is correct – slight overinflation is preferable to under- inflation.

(cid:127) The braking distance of a loaded car is

always greater. Keep your distance from the vehicle in front.

(cid:127) Roof loads can negatively affect tele-

communication.

Tire pressure, see page 257 and back cover.

Never reduce the pressure of a hot tire. If the tires are hot when you check them, only increase the pressure, if necessary. Underinflated tires wear more quickly than slightly overinflated tires. If a valve is leaking, simply unscrew it and fit a new one. Important! Remember to adjust the tire pressures if you change the load in the car or intend to drive at substantially lower or higher speeds than normal.

Tires

NOTE

Check the tire pressure at least once a month. Underinflation is the main cause of: (cid:127) Damage to the wheels. (cid:127) Premature tire wear. (cid:127) Damage to the sidewalls.

The tire pressure should match the current load and speed of the car; see the back cover or the tire pressure label on page 257. The tire pressures given apply to cold tires, that is tires that are the same temperature