1997 Nissan Sentra Owners Manual

To turn on the cruise control, push the main switch. The indicator light on the switch comes on. To set cruising speed, accelerate your vehicle to the desired speed, push the COAST/SET switch and release it. The CRUISE indicator light comes on. Take your foot off the accelerator pedal. Your vehicle maintains the set speed.

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c To pass another vehicle, depress the accelerator pedal. When you release the pedal, the vehicle returns to the previ- ously set speed.

c The vehicle may not maintain the set speed when going up or down steep hills. If this happens, drive without the cruise control.

To cancel the preset speed, use one of the following three methods: a) Push the CANCEL button; the CRUISE

light goes out.

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b) Tap the brake pedal; the CRUISE light

goes out.

c) Turn the main switch off. Both the ON

indicator and CRUISE lights go out.

The cruise control celled and the CRUISE light goes out if: c You depress the brake pedal while push-

is automatically can-

ing the ACCEL set switch.

c The vehicle slows down more than 8

MPH (13 km/h) below the set speed.

c You depress the clutch pedal (manual transmission), or move the shift lever to N (automatic transmission).

To reset at a faster cruising speed, use one of the following three methods: a) Depress the accelerator pedal. When the vehicle attains the desired speed, push and release the COAST/SET switch.

b) Push and hold the ACCEL set switch. When the vehicle attains the speed you desire, release the switch.

c) Push and quickly release the ACCEL set switch. Each time you do this, the set speed increases by about 1 MPH (1.6
km/h).

To reset at a slower cruising speed, use one of the following three methods: a) Lightly tap the brake pedal. When the vehicle attains the desired speed, push the COAST/SET switch and release it.

b) Push and hold the COAST/SET switch. Release the switch when the vehicle slows down to the desired speed. release

the COAST/SET switch. Each time you do this, the set speed decreases by about 1
MPH (1.6 km/h).

c) Push

quickly

and

To resume the preset speed, push and release the RESUME switch. The vehicle returns to the last set cruising speed when the vehicle speed is over 30 MPH (48 km/h). Precautions c If the cruise control system malfunctions, it cancels automatically. The cruise indi- cator light in the instrument panel then blinks to warn the driver.

c If the cruise indicator light blinks, turn the cruise control main switch off and have the system checked by your NISSAN dealer.

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c The cruise indicator light may blink when the cruise control main switch is turned ON while pushing the RES/ACCEL, COAST/SET, or CANCEL switch (lo- cated on the steering wheel). To properly set the cruise control system, perform the steps above in the order indicated.

WARNING

Do not use the cruise control when driving under the following conditions: c it is not possible to keep the vehicle

at a set speed.

c in heavy traffic or in traffic that var-

ies in speed.

c on winding or hilly roads. c on slippery roads (rain, snow, ice,

etc.).

c in very windy areas. Doing so could cause a loss of vehicle control and result in an accident.

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BREAK-IN SCHEDULE

INCREASING FUEL ECONOMY

CAUTION

On manual transmission models, do not shift into neutral without depress- ing the clutch pedal when the cruise control is on. Should this occur, de- press the clutch pedal and turn the main switch off immediately. Failure to do so may cause engine damage.

During the first 1,000 miles (1,600 km), follow these recommendations for the future reliability and economy of your new vehicle. Failure to follow these recommendations may result in vehicle damage or shortened engine life. c Do not drive over 55 MPH (90 km/h) and do not run the engine over 4,000 rpm. Avoid driving for long periods at constant speed, either fast or slow.

c Do not accelerate at full throttle in any

gear.

c Avoid quick starts. c Avoid hard braking as much as possible. c Do not tow a trailer for the first 500 miles

(800 km).

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c Accelerate slowly and smoothly. Main- tain cruising speeds with a constant ac- celerator position.

c Drive at moderate speeds on the high- way. Driving at high speed lowers fuel economy.

c Avoid unnecessary stopping and brak- ing. Maintain a safe distance behind other vehicles.

c Use a proper gear range which suits road conditions. On level roads, shift into high gear as soon as possible.

c Avoid unnecessary engine idling.

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c Keep your engine tuned up. c Follow the recommended periodic main-

tenance schedule.

c Keep the tires inflated to the correct pressure. Low pressure increases tire wear and wastes fuel.

c Keep the front wheels in correct align- ment. Improper alignment increases tire wear and lowers fuel economy.

c Air conditioner operation lowers fuel economy. Use the air conditioner only when necessary.

c When cruising at highway speeds, it is more economical to use the air condi- tioner and leave the windows closed to reduce drag.

PARKING/PARKING ON HILLS

WARNING

Do not park the vehicle over flammable materials such as dry grass, waste pa- per or rags. They may ignite and cause a fire.

1. Firmly apply the parking brake. 2. Manual transmission models:

Place the gearshift lever in the R (Re- verse) position. When parking on an up- hill grade, place the gearshift lever in 1
(First) gear.

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Automatic transmission models: Move the gearshift lever to the P (Park) position.

WARNING

Safe parking procedures require that both the parking brake be set and the transmission placed into the P (Park) position (automatic transmission) or in the appropriate gear (manual transmis- sion). Failure to do so could cause the vehicle to move unexpectedly or roll away and result in an accident. Make

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WARNING

c Never leave the engine running while

the vehicle is unattended.

c Never leave children unattended in

the vehicle.

POWER STEERING SYSTEM

The power assisted steering is designed to use a hydraulic pump, driven by the engine, to assist steering. If the engine stops or the drive belt breaks, you will still have control of the vehicle. However, much greater steering effort is needed, especially in sharp turns or at low speeds.

sure the shift lever has been pushed as far forward as it can go and cannot be moved without depressing the button at the end of the lever.

3. To help prevent the vehicle from rolling into traffic when parked on an incline, it is a good practice to turn the wheels as illustrated.

c HEADED DOWNHILL WITH CURB:s1
Turn the wheels into the curb and move the vehicle forward until the curb side wheel gently touches the curb.

c HEADED UPHILL WITH CURB:s2

Turn the wheels away from the curb and move the vehicle back until the curb side wheel gently touches the curb.

c HEADED UPHILL OR DOWNHILL, NO

CURB:s3
Turn the wheels toward the side of the road so the vehicle will move away from the center of the road if it moves.

4. Turn the ignition key to the LOCK posi-

tion and remove the key.

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while driving. This overheats the brakes, increases wear on the brake linings and pads, and reduces gas mileage. To help save the brakes and to prevent the brakes from overheating, reduce speed and downshift to a lower gear before going down a slope or long grade. Overheated brakes may reduce braking performance and could result in loss of vehicle control.

WARNING

While driving on a slippery surface, be careful when braking, accelerating or downshifting. Abrupt braking or accel- erating could cause the wheels to skid and result in an accident.

BRAKE SYSTEM

The brake system has two separate hy- draulic circuits. If one circuit develops a problem, you will still have braking at two wheels. Vacuum assisted brakes The brake booster aids braking by using engine vacuum. If the engine stops, you can stop the vehicle by depressing the brake pedal. However, greater foot pressure on the brake pedal will be required to stop the vehicle and the stopping distance will be longer. Wet brakes When the vehicle is washed or driven through water, the brakes may get wet. As a result, your braking distance will be longer and the vehicle may pull to one side during braking. To dry brakes, drive the vehicle at a safe speed while lightly pressing the brake pedal to heat-up the brakes. Do this until the brakes return to normal. Avoid driving the vehicle at high speeds until the brakes function correctly. Using the brakes Avoid resting your foot on the brake pedal

ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM (ABS) (if so equipped)

The anti-lock brake system controls the brakes at each wheel so the wheels do not lock when braking abruptly or when braking on slippery surfaces. The system detects the rotation speed at each wheel and varies the brake fluid pressure to prevent each wheel from locking and sliding. By prevent- ing wheel the system helps the driver maintain steering control and helps to minimize swerving and spinning on slippery surfaces. Using the System Depress the brake pedal and hold it down.

lockup,

WARNING

Do not pump the brake pedal. Doing so may result in increased stopping dis- tances.

Normal operation The anti-lock brake system does not oper- ate at speeds below 3 to 6 MPH (5 to 10
km/h) to completely stop the vehicle. (The speeds vary according to road conditions.) When the anti-lock system senses that one or more wheels are close to locking up, the actuator (under the hood) rapidly applies

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and releases hydraulic pressure (like pump- ing the brakes very quickly). While the ac- tuator is working, you may feel a pulsation in the brake pedal and hear a noise or vibra- tion from the actuator under the hood. This is normal and indicates that the anti-lock system is working properly. However, the pulsation may indicate that road conditions are hazardous and extra care is required while driving. Self-test feature The anti-lock brake system is sophisticated, with electronic sensors, electric pumps, and hydraulic solenoids controlled by a com- puter. The computer has a built-in diagnos- tic feature that tests the system each time you start the engine and move the vehicle at a low speed in forward or reverse. When the self-test occurs, you may hear a ‘‘clunk’’ noise and/or feel a pulsation in the brake pedal. This is normal and is not an indica- tion of any malfunction. the computer senses any malfunction, it switches the anti- lock brake system OFF and turns on the ABS brake warning light in the dashboard. The brake system then operates normally, but without anti-lock assistance. If the light comes on during the self check or

If

c When installing a spare tire, make sure it is the proper size and type as specified on the tire placard. For tire placard location information, refer to ‘‘Tire placard’’ in the Owner’s Manual index.

c Refer to ‘‘Wheels and tires’’ in the ‘‘Do-it-yourself operations’’ section of this manual.

while driving, take your vehicle to your NIS- SAN dealer for repair at your earliest con- venience.

WARNING

that

remember

c The anti-lock brake system is a so- phisticated device, but it cannot pre- vent accidents resulting from care- less or dangerous driving tech- niques. It can help maintain vehicle control during braking on slippery surfaces, but the stopping distance on slippery sur- faces will be longer than on normal surfaces, even with the anti-lock system. Stopping distances may also be longer on rough, gravel or snow covered roads, or if you are using tire chains. Always maintain a safe distance from the vehicle in front of you. Ultimately, the respon- sibility for safety of self and others rests in the hands of the driver.

c Tire type and condition may also

affect braking effectiveness.

c When replacing tires,

the specified size of tires on all 4 wheels.

install

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COLD WEATHER DRIVING

Freeing a frozen door lock To prevent a door lock from freezing, apply de-icer or glycerin to it through the key hole. If the lock becomes frozen, heat the key before inserting it into the key hole. Anti-freeze In the winter when it is anticipated that the temperature will drop below 32°F (0°C), check the anti-freeze (ethylene glycol base) to assure proper winter protection. For de- tails, see ‘‘Engine cooling system’’ in the ‘‘Do-it-yourself operations’’ section. Battery If fully charged during extremely cold weather conditions, the bat- tery fluid may freeze and damage the bat- tery. To maintain maximum efficiency, the battery should be checked regularly. For details, see ‘‘Battery’’ in the ‘‘Do-it-yourself operations’’ section. Draining of coolant water If the vehicle is to be left outside without anti-freeze, drain the cooling system by opening the drain valves located under the radiator and on the engine block. Refill

the battery is not

before operating the vehicle. See ‘‘Chang- ing Engine Coolant’’ in the ‘‘Do-it-yourself operations’’ section. Tire equipment 1. SUMMER tires are of a tread design to provide superior performance on dry pavement. However, the performance of these tires will be substantially reduced in snowy and icy conditions. If you oper- ate your vehicle on snowy or icy roads, NISSAN recommends the use of MUD & SNOW or ALL SEASON TIRES on all four wheels. Please consult your NIS- SAN dealer for the tire type, size, speed rating and availability information.

2. For additional traction on icy roads, stud- ded tires may be used. However, some provinces and states prohibit their use. Check local, state and provincial laws before installing studded tires.

Skid and traction capabilities of studded snow tires on wet or dry surfaces may be poorer than that of non-studded snow tires. 3. Tire chains may be used if desired. Make sure they are of proper size for the tires on your vehicle and are installed accord-

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ing to the chain manufacturer’s sugges- tions. Use of tire chains may be prohibited according to location. Check the local laws before installing tire chains. When installing tire chains, make sure they are of proper size for the tires on your vehicle and are installed according to the chain manufacturer’s suggestions. Use only SAE Class “S” chains. Other types may damage your vehicle. Use chain tension- ers when recommended by the tire chain manufacturer to ensure a tight fit. Loose end links of the tire chain must be se- cured or removed to prevent the possi- bility of whipping action damage to the fenders or underbody. If possible, avoid fully loading your vehicle when using tire chains. In addition, drive at a reduced speed. Otherwise, your vehicle may be damaged and/or vehicle handling and performance may be adversely affected. Never install tire chains on T-type spare tires. Do not use tire chains on dry roads.

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Engine block heater/Engine heater (if so equipped) An engine block heater/engine heater to assist extreme cold temperature starting is available through your NISSAN dealer.

WARNING

Do not use your heater with an un- grounded electrical system or two- pronged (cheater) adapters. You can be injured by an electrical shock if you use an ungrounded connection.

Special winter equipment It is recommended that the following items be carried in the vehicle during winter: 1. A scraper and stiff-bristled brush to re- move ice and snow from the windows and wiper blades.

2. A sturdy, flat board to be placed under

the jack to give it firm support.

3. A shovel to dig the vehicle out of snow-

drifts.

4. Extra window washer fluid to refill the

reservoir tank.

Driving on snow or ice

WARNING

c Wet ice (32°F, 0°C and freezing rain), very cold snow or ice can be slick and very hard to drive on. The ve- hicle will have a lot less traction or ‘‘grip’’ under these conditions. Try to avoid driving on wet ice until the road is salted or sanded.

c Whatever the condition, drive with caution. Accelerate and slow down with care. If accelerating or down- shifting too fast, the drive wheels will lose even more traction.

c Allow more stopping distance under these conditions. Braking should be started sooner than on dry pavement. c Allow greater following distances on

slippery roads.

c Watch for slippery spots (glare ice). These may appear on an otherwise clear road in shaded areas. If a patch of ice is seen ahead, brake before reaching it. Try not to brake while actually on the ice, and avoid any sudden steering maneuvers.

c Do not use cruise control on slippery

roads.

c Snow can trap dangerous exhaust gases under your vehicle. Keep snow clear of the exhaust pipe and from around your vehicle.

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5 In case of emergency

Flat tire ...................................................................5-2
Jump starting..........................................................5-7
Push starting ..........................................................5-9

If your vehicle overheats......................................5-10
Tow truck towing ..................................................5-11
Vehicle recovery (freeing a stuck vehicle)...........5-12

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c Never change tires when the vehicle is on a slope, ice or slippery areas. This is hazardous.

c Never change tires if oncoming traf- fic is close to your vehicle. Wait for professional road assistance.

FLAT TIRE

If you have a flat tire, follow the instructions below: Stopping the vehicle 1. Safely move the vehicle off the road and

away from traffic.

2. Turn on the hazard warning flashers. 3. Park on a level surface and apply the parking brake. Shift the manual transmis- sion into Reverse (R), or the automatic transmission into P (Park).

4. Turn off the engine. 5. Raise the hood to warn other traffic, and to signal professional road assistance personnel that you need assistance.

6. Have all passengers get out of the ve- hicle and stand in a safe place, away from traffic and clear of the vehicle.

WARNING

c Make sure that the parking brake is securely applied and the manual transmission is shifted into Reverse (R), or the automatic transmission into P (Park).

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Getting the spare tire and tools 1. Open the trunk. Lift the trunk floor carpet- ing and spare tire cover. Remove the tool bag and the spare tire. Use the tapered end of the jack rod (found in the tool bag) to loosen the spare tire hold-down bolt. 2. Push the two release clips on the jack access door, and pull the door open. To remove the jack, turn the jack screw counterclockwise. Use the tapered end of the jack rod (found in the tool bag) to loosen the jack from its storage position. 3. When the spare tire is installed on the vehicle, place the damaged tire in the storage area. Put the jack rod in the tool bag and place the tool bag in the storage area.

4. Place the spare tire cover and the trunk

floor carpeting over the damaged tire.

5. Install the jack in its storage area and

tighten the jack screw.

6. Close the jack access door. Close the

trunk.

MCE0001

Blocking wheels Place suitable blocks at both the front and back of the wheel diagonally opposite the flat tire to prevent the vehicle from rolling when it is jacked up.

WARNING

Be sure to block the wheel as the ve- hicle may move and could cause per- sonal injury.

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ACE0603

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Removing wheel cover CAUTION

Do not use your hands to pry off wheel covers. Doing so could result in per- sonal injury.

Use caution not to scratch the wheel cover.

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CE1069M

Jacking up and removing tire Carefully read the caution label attached to the jack body and the following in- structions: 1. Place the jack directly under the jack-up point as illustrated above so the top of the jack contacts the vehicle at the jack-up point. Align the center of the jack head with the notch at the jack-up point, as shown. Also fit the notched portion of the vehicle in the groove of the jack head, as shown.

The jack should be used on firm, level ground.

2. Loosen each wheel nut one or two turns by turning counterclockwise with the wheel nut wrench. Do not remove the wheel nuts until the tire is off the ground.

3. Carefully raise the vehicle until the tire clears the ground. To lift the vehicle, securely hold the jack lever and rod with both hands as shown above. Remove the wheel nuts, and then remove the wheel.

SCE0002

WARNING

c Never get under the vehicle while it

is supported only by the jack.

c Use the jack provided with your ve- hicle. Do not use the jack provided with your vehicle on other vehicles. The jack is designed only for lifting your vehicle during a tire change.

c Use the correct jack-up points; never use any other part of the vehicle for jack support.

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c Never jack up the vehicle more than

necessary.

c Never use blocks on or under the

jack.

c Do not start or run engine while vehicle is on the jack as it may cause the vehicle to move.

c Do not allow passengers to stay in

the vehicle while it is on the jack.

c Never run the engine with a wheel off the ground. It may cause the vehicle to move. This is especially true for models equipped with limited slip differential carrier.

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Installing wheel The T-type spare tire is designed for emergency use. See specific instruc- tions under the heading ‘‘Wheels and tires’’ in the ‘‘Do-it- yourself operations’’ section. 1. Clean any mud or dirt from the surface

between the wheel and hub.

2. Carefully put the spare tire on and tighten

the wheel nuts finger tight.

3. With the wheel nut wrench, tighten wheel nuts alternately and evenly until they are tight.

5-6

4. Lower the vehicle slowly until

the tire touches the ground. Then, with the wheel nut wrench, tighten the wheel nuts se- curely in the sequence as illustrated.

WARNING

c Incorrect wheel nuts or improperly tightened wheel nuts can cause the wheel to become loose or come off. This could cause an accident.

c Do not use oil or grease on the wheel studs or nuts. This could cause the nuts to become loose.

As soon as possible, tighten the wheel nuts to the specified torque with a torque wrench. Wheel nut tightening torque:

72 to 87 ft-lb (98 to 118 N†m)

The wheel nuts must be kept tightened to specifications at all times. It is recom- mended that wheel nuts be tightened to specification at each lubrication interval. Adjust tire pressure to the COLD pressure.

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tire placard affixed to the driver side center pillar. c Retighten the wheel nuts when the vehicle has been run for 600 miles (1,000 km).

5. Securely store the spare tire and jacking

equipment in the vehicle.

WARNING

c Always make sure that the spare tire and jacking equipment are properly secured after use. Such items can become dangerous projectiles in an accident or sudden stop.

c The T-type spare tire and small size spare tire are designed for emer- gency use. See specific instructions under the heading ‘‘Wheels and tires’’ in the ‘‘Do-it-yourself opera- tions’’ section.

JUMP STARTING

To start your engine with a booster battery, the instructions and precautions below must be followed.

WARNING

c If done incorrectly, jump starting can lead to a battery explosion, resulting in severe injury or death. It could also damage your vehicle.

c Explosive hydrogen gas is always present in the vicinity of the battery. Keep all sparks and flames away from the battery.

c Do not allow battery fluid to come into contact with eyes, skin, cloth or painted surfaces. Battery fluid is a corrosive sulfuric acid solution which can cause severe burns. If the fluid should come into contact with anything, immediately flush the con- tacted area with water.

c Keep battery out of the reach of

children.

c The booster battery must be rated at 12 volts. Use of an improperly rated battery can damage your vehicle.

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SCE0005

COLD pressure: After vehicle has been parked for three hours or more or driven less than 1 mile (1.6 km). COLD tire pressures are shown on the

c Whenever working on or near a bat- tery, always wear suitable eye pro- tectors (e.g., goggles or industrial safety spectacles) and remove rings, metal bands, or any other jewelry. Do not lean over the battery when jump starting.

c Do not attempt to jump start a frozen battery. It could explode and cause serious injury.

c Your vehicle has an automatic en- gine cooling fan. It could come on at any time. Keep hands and other ob- jects away from it.

ACE0602

3. Remove vent caps on the battery (if so equipped). Cover the battery with an old cloth to reduce explosion hazard.

4. Connect jumper cables in the sequence

illustrated.

CAUTION

c Always connect positive (+) to posi- tive (+) and negative (−) to body ground (e.g., strut mounting bolt, etc. — not to the battery).

Always follow the instructions below. Failure to do so could result in damage to the charging system and cause per- sonal injury. 1. If the booster battery is in another vehicle, position the two vehicles to bring their batteries into close proximity to each other. Do not allow the two vehicles to touch. 2. Apply the parking brake. Move the shift lever to Neutral (on automatic transmis- sion models, move the lever to P). Switch off all unnecessary electrical systems (lights, heater, air conditioner, etc.).

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c Make sure that cables do not touch moving parts in the engine compart- ment and that clamps do not contact any other metal.

5. Start the engine of the booster vehicle

and let it run for a few minutes.

6. Keep the engine speed of the booster vehicle at about 2,000 rpm, and start your engine in the normal manner.

PUSH STARTING

CAUTION

CAUTION

Do not keep the starter motor engaged for more than 10 seconds. If the engine does not start right away, turn the key off and wait 3 to 4 seconds before trying again.

7. After starting your engine, carefully dis- connect the negative cable and then the positive cable.

8. Replace the vent caps (if so equipped). Be sure to dispose of the cloth used to cover the vent holes as it may be con- taminated with corrosive acid.

c Automatic transmission models can- not be push started. This may cause transmission damage. catalytic

converter equipped models should not be started by pushing since the three way catalyst may be damaged.

c Three-way

c Never try to start the vehicle by tow- ing it; when the engine starts, the forward surge could cause the ve- hicle to collide with the tow vehicle.

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IF YOUR VEHICLE OVERHEATS

If your vehicle is overheating (indicated by an extremely high temperature gauge read- ing), or if you feel a lack of engine power, detect abnormal noise, etc., take the follow- ing steps:

WARNING

c Do not continue to drive if your ve- hicle overheats. Doing so could cause a vehicle fire.

c To avoid the danger of being scalded, never remove the radiator cap while the engine is still hot. When the radiator cap is removed, pressurized hot water will spurt out, possibly causing serious injury.

c Do not open the hood if steam is

coming out.

1. Move the vehicle safely off

the road, apply the parking brake and move the gearshift (automatic transmission to P). Do not stop the engine.

to Neutral

lever

2. Turn off the air conditioner. Open all the windows, move the heater or air condi- tioner temperature control to maximum hot and fan control to high speed.

WARNING

Be careful not to allow your hands, hair, jewelry or clothing to come into contact with, or to get caught in, the running fan, belts, or fan motor. The fan motor can start at any time when the coolant temperature is high.

7. After the engine cools down, check the coolant level in the reservoir tank with the engine running. Add coolant to the res- ervoir tank if necessary. Have your ve- hicle repaired at the nearest NISSAN dealer.

3. If engine overheating is caused by climb- ing a long hill on a hot day, run the engine at a fast idle (approximately 1,500 rpm) until the temperature gauge indication returns to normal.

4. Get out of the vehicle. Look and listen for steam or coolant escaping from the ra- diator before opening the hood. Wait until no steam or coolant can be seen before proceeding.

5. Open the engine hood.

WARNING

If steam or water is coming from the engine, stand clear to prevent getting burned.

6. Visually check drive belts for damage or looseness. Also check if the cooling fan is running. The radiator hoses and radia- tor should not leak water. If coolant is leaking, the water pump belt is missing or loose, or the cooling fan does not run, stop the engine.

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TOW TRUCK TOWING

When towing your vehicle, all State (Provin- cial in Canada) and local regulations for towing must be followed. Incorrect towing equipment could damage your vehicle. Tow- ing instructions are available from your NIS- SAN dealer. Local service operators are generally familiar with the applicable laws and procedures for towing. To assure proper towing and to prevent accidental damage to your vehicle, NISSAN recommends having a service operator tow your vehicle. It is advis- able to have the service operator carefully read the following precautions. WARNING

c Never ride in a vehicle that is being

towed.

c Never get under your vehicle after it

has been lifted by a tow truck.

CAUTION

c When towing, make sure that the transmission, axles, steering system and powertrain are in working con- dition. If any unit is damaged, dollies must be used.

c When towing with the front wheels

on the ground:

Turn the ignition key to the OFF position and secure the steering wheel in a straight ahead position with a rope or similar device. Never place the ignition key in the LOCK position. This will result in damage to the steering lock mechanism. Move the gearshift lever to the Neu- tral (N) position. On automatic transmission models, to move the shift lever to the Neutral (N) position turn the ignition key to the ACC position. After moving the shift lever to the Neutral (N) position, be sure to turn the ignition key to the OFF position. c When towing with the rear wheels on release the parking

the ground, brake. On automatic transmission models, to move the shift lever to the Neutral (N) position, turn the ignition key to the ACC position. After moving the shift lever to the Neutral position, be sure to turn the ignition key to the OFF position.

c Attach safety chains for all towing.

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NISSAN recommends that your vehicle be towed with the driving (front) wheels off the ground as illustrated.

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WARNING

Do not spin your tires at high speed. This could cause them to explode and result in serious injury. Parts of your vehicle could also overheat and be damaged.

c Speed: Below 30 MPH (50 km/h) c Distance: Less than 40 miles (65

km)

c Never tow an automatic transmis- sion model from the rear (i.e., back- ward) with four wheels on the ground as this may cause serious and expensive damage to the trans- mission.

VEHICLE RECOVERY (freeing a stuck vehicle) c Tow chains or cables must be attached only to the main structual members of the vehicle.

c Pulling devices should be routed so they do not touch any part of the suspension, steering, brake or cooling systems.

c Always pull the cable straight out from the front or rear of the vehicle. Never pull on the vehicle at an angle.

c Pulling devices such as ropes or canvas straps are not recommended for use in vehicle towing or recovery.

c Stand clear of a stuck vehicle.

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CAUTION

c Never tow an automatic transmission model with the rear wheels raised (with the front wheels on the ground) as this may cause serious and expen- sive damage to the transmission. If it is necessary to tow the vehicle with the rear wheels raised, always use a towing dolly under the front wheels. c If you have to tow an automatic trans- mission model with four wheels on the ground, observe the following re- stricted towing speeds and distances:

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6 Appearance and interior care

Cleaning exterior and interior.................................6-2

Corrosion protection...............................................6-5

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CLEANING EXTERIOR AND INTERIOR

MAI0001

In order to maintain the appearance of your vehicle, it is important to take proper care of it. In the following cases, please wash your vehicle as soon as possible to protect the paint surface: c after a rainfall to prevent possible dam-

age from acid rain.

c after driving on coastal roads. c when contaminants such as soot, bird droppings, tree sap, metal particles or bugs get on the paint surface.

c when dust or mud builds up on the paint

surface.

Whenever possible, store or park your ve- hicle inside a garage or in a covered area. When it is necessary to park outside, park in a shady area or protect the vehicle with a body cover. Be careful not to scratch the paint sur- face when putting on or removing the body cover. Washing Wash dirt off with a wet sponge and plenty of water. Clean the vehicle thoroughly using a mild soap, a special vehicle soap or general purpose dish-washing liquid mixed with clean, lukewarm (never hot) water.

CAUTION

c Do not use strong household soap, strong chemical detergents, gaso- line or solvents.

c Do not wash the vehicle in direct sunlight or while the vehicle body is hot, as the surface may become waterspotted.

6-2

c Avoid using tight-napped or rough cloths such as washing mitts. Care must be taken when removing caked-on dirt or other foreign sub- stances so the paint surface is not scratched or damaged.

Rinse the vehicle thoroughly with plenty of clean water. Inside flanges, seams and folds on the doors, hatches and hood are particularly vulnerable to the effects of road salt. There- fore, these areas must be regularly cleaned. Take care that the drain holes in the lower edge of the door are open. Spray water under the body and in the wheel wells to loosen the dirt and wash away road salt. A damp chamois can be used to dry the vehicle to avoid water spots. Waxing Regular waxing protects the paint surface and helps retain new vehicle appearance. After waxing, polishing is recommended to remove built-up residue and to avoid a ‘‘weathered’’ appearance. Your NISSAN dealer can assist you in

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choosing the proper product. c Wax your vehicle only after a thorough washing. Follow the instructions supplied with the wax.

c Do not use a wax containing any abra- sives, cutting compounds or cleaners that may damage the vehicle finish.

c If the surface does not polish easily, use

a “road tar” remover and wax again.

Machine compounding or aggressive pol- ishing on a base coat/clear coat paint finish may dull the finish or leave swirl marks. Only use black wax or black shoe polish on black urethane or polypropylene bumpers. Removing spots Remove tar and oil spots, industrial dust, insects, and tree sap as quickly as possible from the surface of the paint to avoid lasting damage or staining. Special cleaning prod- ucts are available at your NISSAN dealer or any automotive accessory store. Underbody In areas where road salt is used in winter, the underbody must be cleaned regularly. This prevents dirt and salt from building up

and causing underbody and suspension corrosion. Before winter and again in the spring, the underseal must be checked and, if necessary, re-treated.

AAI0601

Cleaning glass When cleaning the rear window, it may be easier to clean if the high-mounted stop light is removed first. Be careful when removing the high- mounted stop light to reduce the risk of damaging the high-mounted stop light wires. The high-mounted stop light must be prop- erly reinstalled before driving your vehicle. Use glass cleaner to remove smoke and dust film from the glass surfaces. It is nor- mal for glass to become coated with a film

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after the vehicle is parked in the hot sun. Glass cleaner and a soft cloth easily remove this film.

CAUTION

When cleaning the inside of the win- dow, do not use sharp-edged tools, abrasive cleaners or chlorine based disinfectant cleaners. They could dam- age the rear window defogger.

Cleaning aluminum alloy wheels Wash the wheels regularly, especially dur- ing winter months in areas where road salt is used. If not removed, road salt could discolor the wheels. Chrome parts Clean all chrome parts regularly with a non-abrasive chrome polish to maintain the finish.

Cleaning interior Occasionally remove loose dust from the interior trim, plastic parts and seats using a vacuum cleaner or soft brush. Wipe the vinyl and leather surfaces with a clean, soft cloth dampened in mild soap solution, then wipe clean with a dry soft cloth. Before using any fabric protector, read the manu- facturer’s recommendations. Some fabric protectors contain chemicals that may stain or bleach the seat material.

CAUTION

c Never use benzine, thinner, or any

similar material.

c Never use fabric protectors unless recommended by the manufacturer.

AAI0602

Floor mat positioning aid (driver side only) All models include a front floor mat bracket to act as a floor mat positioning aid. NIS- SAN floor mats have been specially de- signed for your vehicle model. The driver’s side floor mat has a grommet hole incorpo- rated in it. Simply position the mat by plac- ing the floor mat bracket hook through the floor mat grommet hole while centering the mat in the floor pan contour. Periodically check to make certain the mats are properly positioned.

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Floor mats The use of genuine NISSAN floor mats can extend the life of your vehicle carpet and make it easier to clean the interior. No matter what mats are used, be sure they are fitted for your vehicle and are prop- erly positioned in the footwell to prevent interference with pedal operation. Mats should be maintained with regular cleaning and replaced if they become excessively worn. Seat belts The seat belts can be cleaned by wiping them with a sponge dampened in a mild soap solution. Allow the belts to dry com- pletely before using them.

WARNING

Do not allow wet belts to roll up in the retractor. NEVER use bleach, dye, or chemical solvents since these may se- verely weaken the seat belt webbing.

CORROSION PROTECTION

Most common factors contributing to vehicle corrosion: 1. The accumulation of moisture-retaining dirt and debris in body panel sections, cavities, and other areas.

2. Damage to paint and other protective coatings caused by gravel and stone chips or minor traffic accidents.

Environmental factors influence the rate of corrosion: Moisture Accumulation of sand, dirt and water on the vehicle body underside can accelerate cor- rosion. Wet floor coverings will not dry com- pletely inside the vehicle, and should be removed for drying to avoid floor panel corrosion. Relative humidity Corrosion will be accelerated: c in areas of high relative humidity. c especially in those areas where the tem-

peratures stay above freezing.

c where atmospheric pollution exists.

6-5

c where road salt is used. Temperature A temperature increase accelerates the rate of corrosion to those parts which are not well ventilated. Air pollution Industrial pollution, the presence of salt in the air in coastal areas, or heavy road salt use accelerates the corrosion process. Road salt also accelerates the disintegra- tion of paint surfaces. To protect your vehicle from corrosion: c Wash and wax your vehicle often to keep

the vehicle clean.

c Always check for minor damage to the paint and repair it as soon as possible. c Keep drain holes at the bottom of the doors open to avoid water accumulation. c Check the underbody for accumulation of sand, dirt or salt. If present, wash with water as soon as possible.

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CAUTION

c NEVER remove dirt, sand or other debris from the passenger compart- ment by washing it out with a hose. Remove dirt with a vacuum cleaner or broom.

c Never allow water or other liquids to come in contact with electronic com- ponents inside the vehicle as this may damage them.

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7 Do-it-yourself operations

Maintenance precautions .......................................7-2
Engine compartment check locations - GA engine .............................................................7-3
Engine compartment check locations - SR engine..............................................................7-4
Engine cooling system ...........................................7-5
Checking engine coolant level ...............................7-5
Changing engine coolant .......................................7-6
Engine oil ...............................................................7-8
Checking engine oil level .......................................7-8
Changing engine oil ...............................................7-9
Changing engine oil filter .....................................7-10
Automatic transmission fluid (ATF)......................7-11
Temperature conditions for checking ATF...........7-12
Power steering fluid..............................................7-13
Brake fluid ............................................................7-14
Window washer fluid ............................................7-14
Battery ..................................................................7-15

Jump starting........................................................7-16
Drive belts ............................................................7-17
Spark plug replacement .......................................7-18
Air cleaner housing filter ......................................7-19
Wiper blades ........................................................7-20
Parking brake check.............................................7-21
Brake pedal ..........................................................7-21
Brake booster.......................................................7-22
Clutch pedal .........................................................7-23
Fuses....................................................................7-23
Light bulbs............................................................7-25
Headlights ............................................................7-25
Headlight aiming adjustment................................7-26
Bulb replacement .................................................7-26
Front fog light bulb replacement (if so equipped) .............................................................7-31
Wheels and tires ..................................................7-32

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MAINTENANCE PRECAUTIONS

When performing any inspection or mainte- nance work on your vehicle, always take care to prevent serious accidental injury to yourself or damage to the vehicle. The following are general precautions which should be closely observed.

WARNING

c Park the vehicle on a level surface, apply the parking brake securely and block the wheels to prevent the ve- hicle from moving. For a manual transmission, move the gearshift control lever to Neutral (N). For an automatic transmission, move the shift lever to P (Park).

c Be sure the ignition key is OFF when performing any parts replacement or repairs.

c Be sure to turn the ignition key to the OFF or LOCK position. When the ignition key is in the ON or ACC position, the cooling fan may start to operate suddenly even when the en- gine is not running.

c If you must work with the engine running, keep your hands, clothing, hair and tools away from moving fans, belts and any other moving parts.

c It is advisable to remove ties and any jewelry, such as rings, watches, etc., before working on your vehicle.

c If you must run the engine in an enclosed space such as a garage, be sure there is proper ventilation for exhaust gases.

c Never get under the vehicle while it is supported only by a jack. If it is necessary to work under the vehicle, support it with safety stands.

c Keep smoking materials, flame and

sparks away from fuel and battery.

c On gasoline engine models with the Injection (MFI) sys- Multiport Fuel tem, filter or lines the fuel should be serviced by a NISSAN dealer because the fuel lines are under high pressure even when the engine is off.

fuel

CAUTION

c Do not work under the hood while the engine is hot. Turn the engine off and wait until it cools down.

c Never connect or disconnect either the battery or any transistorized component connector while the igni- tion is ON.

c Avoid contact with used motor oil. Improperly disposed motor oil and/or other vehicle fluids can hurt the en- vironment. Always conform to local regulations for disposal of vehicle fluid.

This ‘‘Do-it-yourself operations’’ section gives instructions regarding only those items which are relatively easy for an owner to perform. You should be aware that incomplete or improper servicing may result in operating difficulties or excessive emissions, and could affect your warranty coverage. If in doubt about any servicing, have it done by your NISSAN dealer.

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ENGINE COMPARTMENT CHECK LOCATIONS - GA ENGINE

7-3

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ENGINE COMPARTMENT CHECK LOCATIONS - SR ENGINE

7-4

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ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM

The engine cooling system is filled at the factory with a high-quality, year-round, anti- freeze coolant solution. The anti-freeze so- lution contains rust and corrosion inhibitors, therefore additional cooling system addi- tives are not necessary.

CAUTION

When adding or replacing coolant, be sure to use only an ethylene glycol anti-freeze with the proper mixture ratio of 50% anti-freeze and 50% distilled water. The use of other types of coolant solutions may damage your cooling system.

Outside tempera- ture down to

°C

−35

°F

−30

Anti- freeze

Distilled water

50%

50%

WARNING

c Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Wait until the en- gine and radiator cool down. Serious

burns could be caused by high pres- sure from the radiator.

escaping

fluid

c See precautions in ‘‘If your vehicle overheats’’ found in the ‘‘In case of emergency’’ section.

c The radiator is equipped with a pres- sure cap. Use a genuine NISSAN cap or its equivalent when replacement is required.

DI1210M

CHECKING ENGINE COOLANT LEVEL With coolant reservoir Check the coolant level in the reservoir tank when the engine is cold. If the coolant level is below MIN, add coolant up to the MAX level. If the reservoir tank is empty, check the coolant level in the radiator when the engine is cold. If there is insufficient cool- ant the radiator with coolant up to the filler opening and also add it to the reservoir tank up to the MAX level.

in the radiator,

fill

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If the cooling system frequently requires coolant, have it checked by your NISSAN dealer.

c Improper servicing can result in reduced heater performance and engine over- heating.

WARNING

c To avoid the danger of being scalded, never change the coolant when the engine is hot.

c Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could be caused by high pressure fluid escaping from the radiator.

DI1211M

CHANGING ENGINE COOLANT c Major cooling system repairs should be performed by your NISSAN dealer. The service procedures can be found in the appropriate NISSAN Service Manual.

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3. Open the radiator cap to drain the cool-

ant.

4. Flush the cooling system by running

fresh water through the radiator.

ADI0632

1. Move the heater or air conditioner tem- perature control dial to the maximum hot position.

2. Open the radiator drain plug. Open the

drain plug on the engine block.

ADI0615

5. Close the drain plugs on the radiator and

the engine block securely.

6. See the ‘‘Technical and consumer infor- mation’’ section for cooling system ca- pacity. Fill the radiator slowly with the proper mixture of coolant and water. Fill the reservoir tank up to the MAX level.

7. Open and close the air release plug(s) to release air. Then fill the radiator again and install the radiator cap.

8. Start the engine, and warm it up until it reaches normal operating temperature. Then race the engine 2 or 3 times under no load. Watch the coolant temperature gauge for signs of overheating.

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ENGINE OIL

DI1249M

DI1217M

DI1251M

9. Stop the engine. After

it completely cools down, refill the radiator up to the filler opening. Fill the reservoir tank up to the MAX level.

10. Open and close the air release plug(s) to release air. Then fill the radiator again and install the radiator cap.

11. Check the drain plugs on the radiator and the engine block for any sign of leakage. Also check the air release plug for any sign of leakage.

CHECKING ENGINE OIL LEVEL 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and

apply the parking brake.

2. Run the engine until it reaches operating

temperature.

3. Turn off the engine. Wait a few minutes for the oil to drain back into the oil pan.

4. Remove the dipstick and wipe it clean.

Reinsert it all the way.

5. Remove the dipstick again and check the oil level. It should be between the H and L marks. If the oil is below the L mark, remove the oil filler cap and pour recommended oil through the opening. Do not overfill.

level

7-8

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If the oil filter is to be changed, remove and replace it at this time. See ‘‘Chang- ing engine oil filter’’ in this section.

CAUTION

Be careful not to burn yourself, as the engine oil is hot.

Waste oil must be disposed of properly. Check your local regulations.

DI1252M

DI1221M

6. Recheck oil level with dipstick. It is normal to add some oil between oil maintenance intervals or during the break-in period, depending on the sever- ity of operating conditions.

CAUTION

Oil level should be checked regularly. Operating with an insufficient amount of oil can damage the engine, and such damage is not covered by warranty.

CHANGING ENGINE OIL 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and

apply the parking brake.

2. Run the engine until it reaches operating

temperature, and then turn it off.

3. Place a large drain pan under the drain

plug.

4. Remove the oil filler cap. 5. Remove the drain plug with a wrench and

completely drain the oil.

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8. Start the engine.

Check for leakage around the drain plug and oil filter. Correct as required.

9. Turn the engine off and wait several level with the

minutes. Check the oil dipstick. Add engine oil if necessary.

WARNING

c Prolonged and repeated contact with used engine oil may cause skin cancer.

c Try to avoid direct skin contact with used oil. If skin contact is made, wash thoroughly with soap or hand cleaner as soon as possible.

c Keep used engine oil out of reach of

children.

DI1151

6. Clean and reinstall the drain plug and washer. Securely tighten the drain plug with a wrench. Drain plug tightening torque:

22 to 29 ft-lb (29 to 39 N†m) Do not overtighten.

7. Refill engine with recommended oil and

install the cap securely. See the ‘‘Technical and consumer infor- mation’’ section for refill capacity.

DI1222M

CHANGING ENGINE OIL FILTER 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and

apply the parking brake.

2. Turn the engine off. 3. Loosen the oil filter with an oil filter wrench. (Depending on the engine model, a special cap type wrench may be required. See your NISSAN dealer if in doubt.) Remove the oil filter by turning it by hand.

CAUTION

Be careful not to burn yourself, as the engine oil may be hot.

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AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUID (ATF)

8. Turn the engine off and wait several minutes. Check the oil level. Add engine oil if necessary.

DI1154

4. Wipe the engine oil filter mounting sur-

face with a clean rag. Be sure to remove any old rubber gasket remaining on the mounting surface of the engine.

5. Coat the rubber gasket on the new filter

with clean engine oil.

6. Screw in the oil filter until a slight resis- tance is felt, then tighten an additional 2/3 turn.

7. Start the engine and check for leakage around the oil filter. Correct as required.

ADI0614

WARNING

c When engine is running, keep hands, jewelry and clothing away from any moving parts such as cool- ing fan and drive belts.

c Automatic transmission fluid is poi- sonous and should be stored care- fully in marked containers out of the reach of children.

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TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS FOR CHECKING ATF c The fluid level should be checked using the HOT range on the dipstick after the following conditions have been met:

— The engine should be warmed up to

operating temperature.

— The vehicle should be driven at least 5

minutes.

— The automatic transmission fluid should be warmed to between 122 and 176°F (50 and 80°C).

c The fluid can be checked at fluid tem- peratures of 86 to 122°F (30 to 50°C) using the COLD range on the dipstick after the engine is warmed up and before driving. However, the fluid should be re-checked using the HOT range.

1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and

set the parking brake.

2. Start the engine and then move the shift lever through each gear range. Move the shift lever to P (Park) after you have moved it through all ranges.

3. Check the fluid level with the engine

idling.

4. Remove the dipstick and wipe it clean

with lint-free paper.

5. Reinsert the dipstick into the charging

pipe as far as it will go.

6. Remove the dipstick and note the read- ing. If the level is at the low side of either range, add fluid to the charging pipe.

ADI0653

CAUTION

Transmission

DO NOT OVERFILL. Use ONLY Nissan Matic ‘D’ (Continen- tal U.S. and Alaska) or Genuine Nissan Automatic Fluid (Canada). Dexron® III/Mercon® or equivalent may also be used. Outside the continental United States and Alaska contact a Nissan dealership for more information regarding suitable fluids, recommended brand(s) of Dexron® III/Mercon® or Dexron® IIE/Mercon® Automatic Trans- mission Fluid.

including

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POWER STEERING FLUID

NOTE: If the vehicle has been driven for a long time at high speeds, or in city traffic in hot weather, or if it is being used to pull a trailer, the accurate fluid level cannot be read. You should wait until the fluid has cooled down (about 30 minutes) be- fore checking fluid level.

Check the fluid level in the reservoir. The fluid level should be checked using the HOT range on the side of the fluid reservoir at fluid temperatures of 122 to 176°F (50 to 80°C) or using the COLD range on the side of the fluid reservoir at fluid temperatures of 32 to 86°F (0 to 30°C).

CAUTION

c Do not overfill. c Recommended DEXRONTMIIE, equivalent.

fluid DEXRONTMIII

is

type or

7-13

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BRAKE FLUID

WINDOW WASHER FLUID

CAUTION

Do not spill the fluid on painted sur- faces. This will damage the paint. If fluid is spilled, wash with water.

DI1226M

Check the brake fluid level in the reservoir. If the fluid is below the MIN line or the brake warning light comes on, add DOT 3 fluid up to the MAX line. fluid must be added frequently, the system should be thoroughly checked by your NISSAN dealer.

If

WARNING Use only new fluid. Old, inferior, or contaminated fluid may damage the brake system. The use of improper flu- ids can damage the brake system and affect the vehicle’s stopping ability.

ADI0618

For USA Fill the window washer fluid reservoir peri- odically. Perform the refilling operation more often under driving conditions that require an increased amount of window washer fluid. To fill the window washer fluid reservoir, lift the cap off the reservoir tank and pour the window washer fluid into the tank opening. Add a washer solvent to the water for better cleaning. In the winter season, add a wind- shield washer antifreeze. Follow the manu- facturer’s instructions for the mixture ratio.

7-14

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Canada Only Add fluid when the low washer fluid warning light comes on. Add a washer solvent to the water for better cleaning. In the winter sea- son, add a windshield washer antifreeze. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for the mixture ratio.

CAUTION

Do not substitute engine antifreeze coolant for windshield washer solution. This may result in damage to the paint.

BATTERY

c Keep the battery surface clean and dry. Any corrosion should be washed off with a solution of baking soda and water.

c Make certain the terminal connections

are clean and securely tightened.

c If the vehicle is not to be used for 30 days or longer, disconnect the negative (−) battery terminal cable to prevent dis- charge.

WARNING

c Do not expose the battery to flames or electrical sparks. Hydrogen gas generated by battery action is explo- sive. Do not allow battery fluid to contact your skin, eyes, fabrics, or painted surfaces. After touching a battery or battery cap, do not touch or rub your eyes. Thoroughly wash your hands. If the acid contacts your eyes, skin or clothing, immediately flush with water for at least 15 min- utes and seek medical attention.

c When working on or near a battery, always wear suitable eye protection and remove all jewelry.

c Keep the battery out of the reach of

children.

7-15

ADI0616

Type 1
1. To remove the cap, gently pry between the battery cap and cover as illustrated. Use a cloth to protect the battery case.

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JUMP STARTING If jump starting is necessary, see the ‘‘In case of emergency’’ section. If the engine does not start by jump starting, the battery may have to be replaced. Contact your NISSAN dealer.

ADI0617

ADI0641

2. Check the fluid level in each cell.

If it is necessary to add fluid, add only distilled water to bring the level up to the OK level indicator in each filler opening. Do not overfill.

Type 2
1. To remove the caps, use a screwdriver. 2. Check the fluid level in each cell.

If it is necessary to add fluid, add only distilled water to bring the level up to the OK indicator in each filler opening. Do not overfill.

7-16

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DRIVE BELTS

WARNING

Be sure the ignition key is OFF. The engine could rotate unexpectedly.

1. Visually inspect each belt for signs of unusual wear, cuts, fraying or looseness. If the belt is in poor condition or loose, have it replaced or adjusted by your NISSAN dealer.

2. Have the belts checked regularly for con- dition and tension in accordance with the maintenance schedule in this manual.

ADI0627

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SPARK PLUG REPLACEMENT

DI1229M

WARNING

Be sure the engine and ignition switch are off and that the parking brake is engaged securely.