2002 Ford Explorer Owners Manual

Heated seats, Moonroof Radio, Amplifier, Power antenna, DVD Front wiper module Flasher relay (Turn, hazards) Right horn Heated mirrors Not used (spare) Not used (spare) Heated backlight relay coil, Heated seat module, Temp blend actuator, A/C clutch contact Not used (spare) Foglamp switch, 4x4 module Overdrive cancel switch, Flex fuel sender PATS module Rear wiper module, Cluster, TPMS Power mirror, Manual climate control, TPMS Delayed acc. coil, Battery saver, Interior lamps (front and rear), Glove compartment lamp Left horn RCM, PAD indicator PATS, Driver seat switch, Memory switch, Driver seat module, BSM, Sunload sensor Instrument cluster, Compass, Flasher coil

Fuse/Relay Location

Fuse Amp

Rating

22
23

24
25

26

27

28
29

30

10A 15A

15A 5A

7.5A

7.5A

5A 10A

5A

Roadside emergencies

Passenger Compartment Fuse

Panel Description

ABS, IVD Controller Brake pedal position switch, Driver brake applied relay, Redundant cruise deactivate switch Cigar lighter, OBD II Mode-Temperature actuator for auxiliary climate control, Trailer tow battery charge coil Park aid, Brake shift interlock, Approach lamp relay coil, IVD switch Electrochromatic mirror, Digital transmission range sensor - backup lamps Radio (Start)/DVD (Start) Digital transmission range sensor, PWR feed to fuse #28 (Start feed) Daytime Running Lamps (DRL), Remote solenoid, DEATC climate controller

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Roadside emergencies

Passengercompartmentfusepanel(topside)

These relays are located on the reverse side of the passenger compartment fuse panel. To access the relays you must remove the passenger compartment fuse panel.

Fuse/Relay Location

Description

Relay 1
Relay 2
Relay 3
Relay 4
Relay 5
Relay 6
Relay 7

Flasher relay Rear defrost Delayed accessory relay Open Battery saver Open Open

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Power distribution box The power distribution box is located in the engine compartment. The power distribution box contains high-current fuses that protect your vehicle’s main electrical systems from overloads.

Always disconnect the battery before servicing high current fuses.

To reduce risk of electrical shock, always replace the cover to the Power Distribution Box before reconnecting the battery or

refilling fluid reservoirs.

If the battery has been disconnected and reconnected, refer to the Battery section of the Maintenance and specifications chapter.

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Roadside emergencies

The high-current fuses are coded as follows:

Fuse Amp

Power Distribution Box

Rating 60A** 30A** 20A** 30A** 40A**

60A** 20A**

—

20A** 30A** 40A** 50A** 40A**

10A*

15A* 15A* 20A* 20A* 20A** 30A** 30A** 20A** 30A** 20A*

–

15A* 20A*

Description

PJB BSM GCC pusher fan (export only) Rear defrost Anti-lock Brake System (ABS) pump Delayed accessory circuit breaker Power point #2
Not used Power point #1
ABS module (valves) PTEC Ignition relay/Starter relay Trailer tow battery, Trailer tow turn signals Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) (Canada)/Foglamps (export only) Memory (KAPWR) Headlamp switch 4x4 (v-batt 2) 4x4 (v-batt 1) High beam relay Electric brake Front wiper motor Autolamp; Low beam Ignition switch Rear fog lamps (Export only) Not used Fuel pump Trailer tow lamps

Fuse/Relay Location

10
11
12
13

14

15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27

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Fuse/Relay Location

28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58

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Fuse Amp

Power Distribution Box

Rating 20A* 60A** 20A**

— —

30A** 30A** 20A** 40A** 15A* 15A* 15A* 15A* 15A* 10A* 10A* 15A* 5A* 20A*

— — — — — — — — — — — —

Description

Horn relay PJB Rear wiper motor Not used Not used Auxiliary blower motor Power seats, Adjustable pedals Rear power point Blower motor A/C clutch relay/Transmission Coil on plug Injectors/Fuel pump relay PTEC power HEGO, VMV, CMS, PTEC Right low beam Left low beam Front foglamps Brake pressure switch High beams Horn relay Fuel pump relay High beam relay Fog lamp relay Police IVD relay A/C clutch relay Trailer tow right turn Trailer tow left turn Blower motor relay Starter relay PTEC relay Ignition relay

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Roadside emergencies

Fuse/Relay Location

Fuse Amp

Rating

Power Distribution Box

Description

59

60
61
62

—

— —

30A CB

Driver brake applied or DRL relay (Canada only) PCM diode A/C clutch diode Delayed accessory

* Mini Fuses ** Maxi Cartridge Fuses

Rear Relay Box The relay box is located on the rear passenger side quarter trim panel. To access this box you must remove the trim panel.

The relays are coded as follows:

Fuse/Relay Location

Description

Relay 14
Relay 15
Relay 16
Relay 17
Relay 18
Relay 19
Relay 20

Not used Trailer tow back- up lamps Not used Not used Not used Trailer tow park lamps Trailer tow battery charge

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Roadside emergencies

Fuse/Relay Location

Description

Relay 21
Relay 22
Relay 23
Diode 3
Diode 4

Not used Approach lamps Not used Not used Not used

Auxiliaryrelaybox(Canadianvehiclesequippedwith AdvanceTracY only) The relay box is located on the front right fender well underneath the speed control module.

The relays are coded as follows:

Fuse/Relay Location

Description

Relay 64
Relay 65
Relay 66

Police vehicles equipped with AdvanceTracy Open Open

CHANGING THE TIRES If you get a flat tire while driving, do not apply the brake heavily. Instead, gradually decrease your speed. Hold the steering wheel firmly and slowly move to a safe place on the side of the road.

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Roadside emergencies

The use of tire sealants is not recommended and may compromise the integrity of your tires. The use of tire sealants

may also affect your tire pressure monitoring system (if equipped).

If your vehicle is equipped with a tire pressure monitoring system, refer to Tire Pressure Monitoring System (if equipped)

in the Maintenance and care section for important information. If the tire pressure monitor sensor becomes damaged, it will no longer function.

Spare tire information The spare tire can be used as a spare or a regular tire. The spare is identical to the other tires on your vehicle, although the wheel will not match.

If your vehicle is equipped with 4WD or AWD, a spare tire of a different size than the road tires should not be used. Use of such a tire could result in damage to driveline components and an increased risk of loss of vehicle control, vehicle rollover, personal injury or death.

Locationofthesparetireandtools The spare tire and tools for your vehicle are stowed in the following locations:

Tool

Spare tire

Location

Under the vehicle, just in front of the rear bumper. The spare tire winch drive nut is located at the rear center of the cargo area under a lid.

Jack, lug nut wrench, jack handle Behind the rear seat under the carpeted floor lid in the cargo floor.

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Roadside emergencies

Removingthejack 1. Open liftgate and remove the carpeted floor lid and jack cover. 2. Turn jack screw eyelet counterclockwise and remove the jack from the bracket. 3. Remove the lug wrench from the bag and rotate the wrench socket out from the handle.

Removingthesparetire Do not use an impact wrench on the winch drive nut. This will damage the spare tire winch 1. Open the cover from the carpeting on cargo floor to expose the winch drive nut. 2. Insert the lug wrench on the winch drive nut. The wrench will stop moving and forward resistance to turning will be felt when properly engaged.

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Roadside emergencies

3. Turn the wrench counterclockwise until tire is lowered to the ground making sure the other end of the wrench does not scuff kick plate, the tire can be slid rearward and the cable is slightly slack. 4. Lift tire on one side and remove the retainer from the spare tire.

Tirechangeprocedure

To prevent the vehicle from moving when you change a tire, be sure the parking brake is set, then block (in both directions) the wheel that is diagonally opposite (other side and end of the vehicle) to the tire being changed.

If the vehicle slips off the jack, you or someone else could be seriously injured.

Refer to the tire changing instruction sheet for detailed tire change instructions.

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Roadside emergencies

1. Park on a level surface, activate hazard flashers and set the parking brake. 2. Place gearshift lever in P (Park) or in the reverse gear (manual transmission) and turn engine OFF.

When one of the rear wheels is off the ground, the transmission alone will not prevent the vehicle from moving or slipping off the jack, even if the transmission is in P (Park) (automatic transmission) or reverse (manual transmission).

3. Block the diagonally opposite wheel. 4. Use the tip of the lug wrench to remove any beauty cap by twisting the tip under the cap. The carpeted floor lid can be used as a kneeling pad. 5. Loosen each wheel lug nut by half a turn, but do not remove them until the wheel is raised off the ground.

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Roadside emergencies

6. Assemble the jack handle extension on the lug nut wrench by sliding the square end of the jack handle through the plastic grommet on the lug nut wrench and into the square hole on the other side.

7. Position the jack on the frame under the diamond shaped hole and turn the jack handle clockwise until the tire is a maximum of 25 mm (1 inch) off the ground.

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Roadside emergencies

To lessen the risk of personal injury, do not put any part of your body under the vehicle while changing a tire. Do not start the engine when your vehicle is on the jack. The jack is only meant for changing the tire.

† Never use the front or rear

differential as a jacking point.

8. Remove the lug nuts with the lug wrench. 9. Replace the flat tire with the spare tire, making sure the valve stem is facing outward. Reinstall the lug nuts, cone side in, until the wheel is snug against the hub. Do not fully tighten the lug nuts until the wheel has been lowered. 10. Lower the wheel by turning the jack handle counterclockwise. 11. Remove the jack and fully tighten the lug nuts in the order shown. 12. Replace beauty cap, stow the jack and tools in their respective locations, making sure they are fully secured so they do not rattle when you drive. 13. Unblock the wheels.

Stowingthesparetire 1. Lay the tire on the ground with the valve stem facing in the direction specified on the Tire Changing Instructions located with the jack hardware.

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Roadside emergencies

2. Slide the wheel under the vehicle and install the retainer through the wheel center. 3. Turn the lug wrench clockwise until the tire is raised to its original position underneath the vehicle. The lug wrench will click when the tire is raised to the stowed position. It will not allow you to overtighten.

JUMP STARTING YOUR VEHICLE

The gases around the battery can explode if exposed to flames, sparks, or lit cigarettes. An explosion could result in injury or

vehicle damage.

Batteries contain sulfuric acid which can burn skin, eyes and clothing, if contacted.

Do not attempt to push-start your vehicle. Automatic transmissions do not have push-start capability; also, the catalytic converter may become damaged. Preparing your vehicle When the battery is disconnected or a new battery is installed, the transmission must relearn its shift strategy. As a result, the transmission may have firm and/or soft shifts. This operation is considered normal and will not affect function or durability of the transmission. Over time, the adaptive learning process will fully update transmission operation. 1. Use only a 12–volt supply to start your vehicle. 2. Do not disconnect the battery of the disabled vehicle as this could damage the vehicle’s electrical system. 3. Park the booster vehicle close to the hood of the disabled vehicle making sure the two vehicles do not touch. Set the parking brake on both vehicles and stay clear of the engine cooling fan and other moving parts.

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Roadside emergencies

4. Check all battery terminals and remove any excessive corrosion before you attach the battery cables. Ensure that vent caps are tight and level. 5. Turn the heater fan on in both vehicles to protect any electrical surges. Turn all other accessories off.

Connecting the jumper cables 1. Connect the positive (+) booster cable to the positive (+) terminal of the discharged battery. Note: In the illustrations, lightning bolts are used to designate the assisting (boosting) battery.

+–

+–

2. Connect the other end of the positive (+) cable to the positive (+) terminal of the assisting battery.

+–

+–

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Roadside emergencies

3. Connect the negative (-) cable to the negative (-) terminal of the assisting battery.

+–

+–

4. Make the final connection of the negative (-) cable to the provided jumpstarting bolt ONLY. Connecting to any other exposed component may cause an explosion. Do not use fuel lines, engine rocker covers or the intake manifold as grounding points.

Do not connect the end of the second cable to the negative (-) terminal of the battery to be jumped. A spark may cause an

explosion of the gases that surround the battery.

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4.0L Engine

Roadside emergencies

4.6L Engine

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Roadside emergencies

5. Ensure that the cables are clear of fan blades, belts, moving parts of both engines, or any fuel delivery system parts.

Jump starting 1. Start the engine of the booster vehicle and run the engine at moderately increased speed. 2. Start the engine of the disabled vehicle. 3. Once the disabled vehicle has been started, run both engines for an additional three minutes before disconnecting the jumper cables.

Removing the jumper cables Remove the jumper cables in the reverse order that they were connected. 1. Remove the jumper cable from the ground metal surface.

+–

+–

2. Remove the jumper cable on the negative (-) connection of the booster vehicle’s battery.

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Roadside emergencies

+–

+–

3. Remove the jumper cable from the positive (+) terminal of the booster vehicle’s battery.

+–

+–

4. Remove the jumper cable from the positive (+) terminal of the disabled vehicle’s battery. After the disabled vehicle has been started and the jumper cables removed, allow it to idle for several minutes so the engine computer can relearn its idle conditions.

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Roadside emergencies

WRECKER TOWING

If you need to have your vehicle towed, contact a professional towing service or, if you are a member, your roadside assistance center. It is recommended that your vehicle be towed with a wheel lift or flatbed equipment. Do not tow with a slingbelt. Ford Motor Company has not approved a slingbelt towing procedure. On 4x2 vehicles, it is acceptable to tow the vehicle with the front wheels on the ground (without dollies) and the rear wheels off the ground. On 4x4 vehicles, it is recommended that your vehicle be towed with a wheel lift and dollies or flatbed equipment with all the wheels off the ground. If the vehicle is towed by other means or incorrectly, vehicle damage may occur. Ford Motor Company produces a towing manual for all authorized tow truck operators. Have your tow truck operator refer to this manual for proper hook-up and towing procedures for your vehicle.

250

Maintenance and care

SERVICE RECOMMENDATIONS To help you service your vehicle: † We highlight do-it-yourself items in the engine compartment for easy † We provide a scheduled maintenance guide which makes tracking

location.

routine service easy.

If your vehicle requires professional service, your dealership can provide the necessary parts and service. Check your Warranty Guide/Owner Information Guide to find out which parts and services are covered. Use only recommended fuels, lubricants, fluids and service parts conforming to specifications. Motorcraft parts are designed and built to provide the best performance in your vehicle. PRECAUTIONS WHEN SERVICING YOUR VEHICLE Be especially careful when inspecting or servicing your vehicle. † Do not work on a hot engine. † When the engine is running, make sure that loose clothing, jewelry or † Do not work on a vehicle with the engine running in an enclosed † Keep all lit cigarettes, open flames and other lit material away from

space, unless you are sure you have enough ventilation.

long hair does not get caught up in moving parts.

the battery and all fuel related parts.

If you disconnect the battery, the engine must “relearn” its idle conditions before your vehicle will drive properly, as explained in the Battery section of this chapter. Working with the engine off † Automatic transmission: 1. Set the parking brake and ensure the gearshift is securely latched in P (Park). 2. Turn off the engine and remove the key. 3. Block the wheels to prevent the vehicle from moving unexpectedly. † Manual transmission: 1. Set the parking brake. 2. Depress the clutch and place the gearshift in 1 (First). 3. Turn off the engine and remove the key. 4. Block the wheels to prevent the vehicle from moving unexpectedly.

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Maintenance and care

Working with the engine on † Automatic transmission: 1. Set the parking brake and ensure the gearshift is securely latched in P (Park). 2. Block the wheels to prevent the vehicle from moving unexpectedly. Note: Do not start your engine with the air cleaner removed and do not remove it while the engine is running. † Manual transmission: 1. Set the parking brake, depress the clutch and place the gearshift in neutral. 2. Block the wheels to prevent the vehicle from moving unexpectedly. Note: Do not start your engine with the air cleaner removed and do not remove it while the engine is running.

The cooling fan is automatic and may come on at any time. Always disconnect the negative terminal of the battery before

working near the fan.

OPENING THE HOOD 1. Inside the vehicle, pull the hood (rearward) release handle located under the bottom left corner of the instrument panel.

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Maintenance and care

2. Go to the front of the vehicle and release the auxiliary latch that is located under the front center of the hood.

3. Lift the hood.

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Maintenance and care

IDENTIFYING COMPONENTS IN THE ENGINE COMPARTMENT

4.0L SOHC V6 engine

1. Engine coolant reservoir 2. Engine oil filler cap 3. Engine oil dipstick 4. Brake fluid reservoir 5. Power distribution box 6. Battery 7. Power steering fluid reservoir 8. Air filter assembly 9. Windshield washer fluid reservoir

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4.6L V8 engine

Maintenance and care

1. Engine coolant reservoir 2. Engine oil dipstick 3. Clutch fluid reservoir (if equipped) 4. Brake fluid reservoir 5. Power distribution box 6. Battery 7. Power steering fluid reservoir 8. Engine oil filler cap 9. Air filter assembly 10. Windshield washer fluid reservoir

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Maintenance and care

ENGINE OIL

Checking the engine oil Refer to the scheduled maintenance guide for the appropriate intervals for checking the engine oil. 1. Make sure the vehicle is on level ground. 2. Turn the engine off and wait a few minutes for the oil to drain into the oil pan. 3. Set the parking brake and ensure the gearshift is securely latched in P (Park). 4. Open the hood. Protect yourself from engine heat. 5. Locate and carefully remove the engine oil level indicator (dipstick). † 4.0L V6 engine

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† 4.6L V8 engine

Maintenance and care

6. Wipe the indicator clean. Insert the indicator fully, then remove it again. † If the oil level is between the MIN and MAX marks, the oil level is † If the oil level is below the MIN mark, add enough oil to raise the level

acceptable, DO NOT ADD OIL.

within the MIN-MAX range .

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Maintenance and care † 4.0L SOHC V6 engine

† 4.6L V8 engine

must be removed from the engine by a service technician.

† Oil levels above the MAX mark may cause engine damage. Some oil 7. Put the indicator back in and ensure it is fully seated. Adding engine oil 1. Check the engine oil. For instructions, refer to Checking the engine oil in this chapter. 2. If the engine oil level is not within the normal range, add only certified engine oil of the recommended viscosity. Remove the engine oil filler cap and use a funnel to pour the engine oil into the opening.

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Maintenance and care

3. Recheck the engine oil level. Make sure the oil level is not above the MAX hole on the engine oil level indicator (dipstick). 4. Install the indicator and ensure it is fully seated. 5. Fully install the engine oil filler cap by turning the filler cap clockwise 1/4 of a turn or until three clicks can be heard. To avoid possible oil loss, DO NOT operate the vehicle with the engine oil level indicator and/or the engine oil filler cap removed.

Engine Oil Recommendations 4.6L Engine Look for this certification trademark.

SAE5W-20engineoilisrecommended. Only use oils “Certified For Gasoline Engines” by the American Petroleum Institute (API). Use Motorcraft or an equivalent oil meeting Ford Specification WSS-M2C153–H. SAE 5W-20 oil provides optimum fuel economy and durability performance meeting all requirements for your vehicle’s engine. Change your engine oil and filter according to the appropriate schedule listed in the scheduled maintenance guide. Do not use supplemental engine oil additives, oil treatments or engine treatments. They are unnecessary and could, under certain conditions, lead to engine damage which is not covered by your warranty.

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Maintenance and care

4.0L Engine Look for this certification trademark.

SAE5W-30engineoilisrecommended. Only use oils “Certified For Gasoline Engines” by the American Petroleum Institute (API). Use Motorcraft or an equivalent oil meeting Ford Specification WSS-M2C205–H. Do not use supplemental engine oil additives, oil treatments or engine treatments. They are unnecessary and could, under certain conditions, lead to engine damage which is not covered by your warranty. Change your engine oil according to the appropriate schedule listed in the scheduled maintenance guide. Engine Oil Filter Recommendation Change your engine oil filter according to the appropriate schedule listed in the scheduled maintenance guide. Ford production and aftermarket (Motorcraft) oil filters are designed for added engine protection and long life. If a replacement oil filter is used that does not meet Ford Material and design specifications, start-up engine noises or knock may be experienced. It is recommended you use the appropriate Motorcraft oil filter (or another brand meeting Ford specifications) for your engine.

260

Maintenance and care

BRAKE FLUID

AND CLUTCH FLUID

Checking and adding brake fluid/clutch fluid When equipped with a manual transmission, your vehicle uses the same reservoir for brake and clutch fluid. Brake/clutch fluid should be checked and refilled as needed. Refer to the scheduled maintenance guide for the service interval schedules. 1. Clean the reservoir cap before removal to prevent dirt or water from entering the reservoir. 2. Visually inspect the fluid level. 3. If necessary, add brake/clutch fluid from a clean un-opened container until the level reaches MAX. Do not fill above this line. 4. Use only a DOT 3 brake fluid certified to meet Ford specifications. Refer to Lubricant specifications in the Capacities and specifications chapter.

MAX

Brake fluid/clutch fluid is toxic. If brake/clutch fluid contacts the eyes, flush eyes with running water for 15 minutes. Seek medical

attention if irritation persists. If taken internally, drink water and induce vomiting. Seek medical attention immediately.

If you use a brake fluid that is not DOT 3, you will cause permanent damage to your brakes.

Do not let the reservoir for the master cylinder run dry. This may cause the brakes to fail.

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Maintenance and care

WINDSHIELD WASHER FLUID

Windshield washer fluid Check the washer fluid whenever you stop for fuel. The reservoir is highlighted with a Add fluid to fill the reservoir if the level is low. In very cold weather, do not fill the reservoir completely.

symbol.

Only use a washer fluid that meets Ford specification WSB-M8B16–A2. Refer to Lubricant specifications in the Capacities and specifications chapter. State or local regulations on volatile organic compounds may restrict the use of methanol, a common windshield washer antifreeze additive. Washer fluids containing non-methanol antifreeze agents should be used only if they provide cold weather protection without damaging the vehicle’s paint finish, wiper blades or washer system. Do not put washer fluid in the engine coolant reservoir. Washer fluid placed in the cooling system may harm engine and cooling system components.

Checking and adding washer fluid for the liftgate Washer fluid for the liftgate is supplied by the same reservoir as the windshield.

ENGINE COOLANT

Checking engine coolant The concentration and level of engine coolant should be checked at the mileage intervals listed in the scheduled maintenance guide. The coolant concentration should be maintained at 50/50 coolant and distilled water, which equates to a freeze point of -36° C (-34° F). Coolant concentration testing is possible with a hydrometer or antifreeze tester (such as the Rotunda Battery and Antifreeze Tester, 014–R1060). The level of coolant should be maintained at the “cold full” of “cold fill range” level in the coolant reservoir. If the level falls below, add coolant per the instructions in the Adding engine coolant section.

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Maintenance and care

Your vehicle was factory-filled with a 50/50 engine coolant and water concentration. If the concentration of coolant falls below 40% or above 60%, the engine parts could become damaged or not work properly. A 50–50 mixture of coolant and water provides the following: † Freeze protection down to -36° C (-34° F). † Boiling protection up to 129° C (265° F). † Protection against rust and other forms of corrosion. † Enables calibrated gauges to work properly. When the engine is cold, check the level of the engine coolant in the reservoir.

† The engine coolant should be at the “cold fill level” or within the “cold

fill range” as listed on the engine coolant reservoir (depending upon application).

† Refer to the Scheduled Maintenance Guide for service interval † Be sure to read and understand Precautions when servicing your

schedules.

vehicle in this chapter.

If the engine coolant has not been checked at the recommended interval, the engine coolant reservoir may become low or empty. If the reservoir is low or empty, add engine coolant to the reservoir. Refer to Adding engine coolant in this chapter. Note: Automotive fluids are not interchangeable; do not use engine coolant, antifreeze or windshield washer fluid outside of its specified function and vehicle location.

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Maintenance and care

Adding engine coolant When adding coolant, make sure it is a 50/50 mixture of engine coolant and distilled water. Add the mixture to the coolant reservoir, when the engine is cool, until the appropriate fill level is obtained.

Do not add engine coolant when the engine is hot. Steam and scalding liquids released from a hot cooling system can burn you badly. Also, you can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts.

Do not put engine coolant in the windshield washer fluid container. If sprayed on the windshield, engine coolant could

make it difficult to see through the windshield.

The cooling system in your vehicle is filled with either green-colored Motorcraft Premium Engine Coolant meeting Ford specification ESE-M97B44–A or yellow-colored Motorcraft Premium Gold Engine Coolant meeting Ford Specification WSS-M97B51–A1. To determine your vehicle’s coolant type (color), check your coolant reservoir. † Add Motorcraft Premium Engine Coolant (green-colored), VC-4–A (U.S.) or CXC-10 (Canada) or Motorcraft Premium Gold Engine Coolant (yellow-colored), VC-7–A (VC-7–B in Oregon), depending on the type of coolant originally equipped in your vehicle. If you are unsure which type of coolant your vehicle requires, check your coolant reservoir or contact your local dealer.

Note: Use of Motorcraft Cooling System Stop Leak Pellets, VC-6, darkens the color of Motorcraft Premium Gold Engine Coolant from yellow to golden tan. † Do not add/mix an orange-colored, extended life coolant such as Motorcraft Speciality Orange Engine Coolant, VC-2 (US) or CXC-209 (Canada), meeting Ford specification WSS-M97B44–D with the factory-filled coolant. Mixing Motorcraft Speciality Orange Engine Coolant or any orange-colored extended life product with your factory filled coolant can result in degraded corrosion protection. † A large amount of water without engine coolant may be added, in case of emergency, to reach a vehicle service location. In this instance, the cooling system must be drained and refilled with a 50/50 mixture of engine coolant and distilled water as soon as possible. Water alone (without engine coolant) can cause engine damage from corrosion, overheating or freezing.

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Maintenance and care

† Do not use alcohol, methanol, brine or any engine coolants mixed with alcohol or methanol antifreeze (coolant). Alcohol and other liquids can cause engine damage from overheating or freezing.

† Do not add extra inhibitors or additives to the coolant. These

can be harmful and compromise the corrosion protection of the engine coolant. † Do not mix with recycled coolant unless from a Ford-approved recycling process (see Use of Recycled engine coolant section). For vehicles with overflow coolant systems with a non-pressurized cap on the coolant recovery system, add coolant to the coolant recovery reservoir when the engine is cool. Add the proper mixture of coolant and water to the “cold full” level. For all other vehicles, which have a coolant degas system with a pressurized cap, or if it is necessary to remove the coolant pressure relief cap on the radiator of a vehicle with an overflow system, follow these steps to add engine coolant.

To reduce the risk of personal injury, make sure the engine is cool before unscrewing the coolant pressure relief cap. The

cooling system is under pressure; steam and hot liquid can come out forcefully when the cap is loosened slightly.

1. Before you begin, turn the engine off and let it cool. 2. When the engine is cool, wrap a thick cloth around the coolant pressure relief cap on the coolant reservoir (an opaque plastic bottle). Slowly turn cap counterclockwise (left) until pressure begins to release. 3. Step back while the pressure releases. 4. When you are sure that all the pressure has been released, use the cloth to turn it counterclockwise and remove the cap. 5. Fill the coolant reservoir slowly with the proper coolant mixture (see above), to within the “cold fill range” or the “cold full” level on the reservoir. If you removed the radiator cap in an overflow system, fill the radiator until the coolant is visible and radiator is almost full. 6. Replace the cap. Turn until tightly installed. (Cap must be tightly installed to prevent coolant loss.) After any coolant has been added, check the coolant concentration, refer to Checking Engine Coolant section. If the concentration is not 50/50
(protection to –34° F/–36° C), drain some coolant and adjust the concentration. It may take several drains and additions to obtain a 50/50
coolant concentration.

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Maintenance and care

Whenever coolant has been added, the coolant level in the coolant reservoir should be checked the next few times you drive the vehicle. If necessary, add enough 50/50 concentration of engine coolant and distilled water to bring the liquid level to the proper level. If you have to add more than 1.0 liter (1.0 quart) of engine coolant per month, have your dealer check the engine cooling system. Your cooling system may have a leak. Operating an engine with a low level of coolant can result in engine overheating and possible engine damage. Recycled engine coolant Ford Motor Company recommends the use of a recycled engine coolant produced by Ford-approved processes in vehicles originally equipped with Motorcraft Premium Engine Coolant (green-colored). However, not all coolant recycling processes produce coolant that meets Ford specification ESE-M97B44–A. Use of such coolant may harm the engine and cooling system components. Ford Motor Company does NOT recommend the use of recycled engine coolant in vehicles originally equipped with Motorcraft Premium Gold Engine Coolant since a Ford-approved recycling process is not yet available.

Used engine coolant should be disposed of in an appropriate

manner. Follow your community’s regulations and standards for recycling and disposing of automotive fluids. Coolant refill capacity To find out how much fluid your vehicle’s cooling system can hold, refer to Refill capacities in the Capacities and specifications chapter. Fill your engine coolant reservoir as outlined in Adding engine coolant in this chapter. Severe climates If you drive in extremely cold climates (less than –36° C [–34° F]), it may be necessary to increase the coolant concentration above 50%. Refer to the chart on the coolant container to ensure the coolant concentration in your vehicle will provide adequate freeze protection. Never increase the engine coolant concentration above 60% (protection to –60°F). At a level over 60%, your engine could overheat and become damaged. If you drive in extremely hot climates, it is still necessary to maintain the coolant concentration at 50/50 coolant and water. Do not allow the coolant concentration to fall below 40% coolant. At a concentration

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less than 40%, the corrosion protection to your engine and cooling components may be compromised and permanent damage may result. What you should know about fail-safe cooling (4.6L V8 engine only) If the engine coolant supply is depleted, this feature allows the vehicle to be driven temporarily before incremental component damage is incurred. The “fail-safe” distance depends on ambient temperatures, vehicle load and terrain. Howfail-safecoolingworks If the engine begins to overheat: † The engine coolant temperature gauge will move to the red (hot) area. † The † The “Service Engine Soon”

will illuminate.

and the

symbol

indicator light will illuminate.

If the engine reaches a preset over-temperature condition, the engine will automatically switch to alternating cylinder operation. Each disabled cylinder acts as an air pump and cools the engine. When this occurs the vehicle will still operate. However: † The engine power will be limited. † The air conditioning system will be disabled. Continued operation will increase the engine temperature: † The engine will completely shut down. † Steering and braking effort will increase. Once the engine temperature cools, the engine can be re-started. Take your vehicle to a service facility as soon as possible to minimize engine damage. Whenfail-safemodeisactivated You have limited engine power when in the fail-safe mode, so drive the vehicle with caution. The vehicle will not be able to maintain high speed operation and the engine will run rough. Remember that the engine is capable of completely shutting down automatically to prevent engine damage, therefore: 1. Pull off the road as soon as safely possible and turn off the engine.

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2. Arrange for the vehicle to be taken to a service facility. 3. If this is not possible, wait a short period for the engine to cool. 4. Check the coolant level and replenish if low.

Never remove the coolant reservoir cap while the engine is running or hot.

5. Restart the engine and take your vehicle to a service facility. Driving the vehicle without repairing the engine problem increases the chance of engine damage. Take your vehicle to a service facility as soon as possible.

CHECKING AND ADDING POWER STEERING FLUID Check the power steering fluid. Refer to the scheduled maintenance guide for the service interval schedules. If adding fluid is necessary, use only MERCONt ATF. † 4.0L SOHC V6 engine

† 4.6L V8 engine

1. Start the engine and let it run until it reaches normal operating temperature (the engine coolant temperature gauge indicator will be near the center of the normal area between H and C).

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2. While the engine idles, turn the steering wheel left and right several times. 3. Turn the engine off. 4. Check the fluid level in the reservoir. 5. The fluid level should be between the MIN and MAX lines. Do not add fluid if the level is in this range. 6. If the fluid is low, add fluid in small amounts, continuously checking the level until it reaches the correct operating range. Be sure to put the cap back on the reservoir.

TRANSMISSION FLUID

Checking automatic transmission fluid (if equipped) The automatic transmission does not have a transmission fluid dipstick. Refer to your scheduled maintenance guide for scheduled intervals for fluid checks and changes. Your transmission does not consume fluid. However, the fluid level should be checked if the transmission is not working properly, i.e., if the transmission slips or shifts slowly or if you notice some sign of fluid leakage. Transmission fluid should be checked and, if required, fluid should be added by a qualified technician. Do not use supplemental transmission fluid additives, treatments or cleaning agents. The use of these materials may affect transmission operation and result in damage to internal transmission components.

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Maintenance and care

Checking and adding manual transmission fluid (if equipped) 1. Make sure the vehicle is on a level surface or level hoist. 2. Clean the filler plug or dirt and debris. 3. Remove the filler plug and inspect the fluid level.

4. Fluid level should be at bottom of the opening. 5. Add enough fluid through the filler opening so that the fluid level is at the bottom of the opening. 6. Install and tighten the fill plug securely.

Use only fluid that meets Ford specifications. Refer to the Lubricant Specifications in this chapter.

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CHECKING AND ADDING TRANSFER CASE FLUID (IF EQUIPPED) 1. Clean the filler plug. 2. Remove the filler plug and inspect the fluid level.

3. Add only enough fluid through the filler opening so that the fluid level is at the bottom of the opening.

Use only fluid that meets Ford specifications. Refer to Lubricant Specifications in the Capacities and specifications chapter.

DRIVELINE UNIVERSAL JOINT AND SLIP YOKE Your vehicle may be equipped with universal joints that require lubrication. Refer to the scheduled maintenance guide for maintenance intervals. If the original universal joints are replaced with universal joints equipped with grease fittings, lubrication will also be necessary.

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Maintenance and care

BATTERY Your vehicle is equipped with a Motorcraft maintenance-free battery which normally does not require additional water during its life of service.

However, for severe usage or in high temperature climates, check the battery electrolyte level. Refer to the scheduled maintenance guide for the service interval schedules. Keep the electrolyte level in each cell up to the “level indicator”. Do not overfill the battery cells. If the electrolyte level in the battery is low, you can add plain tap water to the battery, as long as you do not use hard water (water with a high mineral or alkali content). If possible, however, try to only fill the battery cells with distilled water. If the battery needs water often, have the charging system checked. If your battery has a cover/shield, make sure it is reinstalled after the battery has been cleaned or replaced. For longer, trouble-free operation, keep the top of the battery clean and dry. Also, make certain the battery cables are always tightly fastened to the battery terminals. If you see any corrosion on the battery or terminals, remove the cables from the terminals and clean with a wire brush. You can neutralize the acid with a solution of baking soda and water.

Batteries normally produce explosive gases which can cause personal injury. Therefore, do not allow flames, sparks or lighted

substances to come near the battery. When working near the battery, always shield your face and protect your eyes. Always provide proper ventilation.

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When lifting a plastic-cased battery, excessive pressure on the end walls could cause acid to flow through the vent caps,

resulting in personal injury and/or damage to the vehicle or battery. Lift the battery with a battery carrier or with your hands on opposite corners.

Keep batteries out of reach of children. Batteries contain sulfuric acid. Avoid contact with skin, eyes or clothing. Shield your eyes when working near the battery to protect against possible splashing of acid solution. In case of acid contact with skin or eyes, flush immediately with water for a minimum of 15 minutes and get prompt medical attention. If acid is swallowed, call a physician immediately.

Battery posts, terminals and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds. Wash hands after handling.

Because your vehicle’s engine is electronically controlled by a computer, some control conditions are maintained by power from the battery. When the battery is disconnected or a new battery is installed, the engine must relearn its idle and fuel trim strategy for optimum driveability and performance. To begin this process: 1. With the vehicle at a complete stop, set the parking brake. 2. Put the gearshift lever in P (Park), turn off all accessories and start the engine. 3. Run the engine until it reaches normal operating temperature. 4. Allow the engine to idle for at least one minute. 5. Turn the A/C on and allow the engine to idle for at least one minute. 6. Drive the vehicle to complete the relearning process. † The vehicle may need to be driven to relearn the idle and fuel trim † If you do not allow the engine to relearn its idle trim, the idle quality of your vehicle may be adversely affected until the idle trim is eventually relearned.

strategy.

When the battery is disconnected or a new battery installed, the transmission must relearn its adaptive strategy. As a result of this, the transmission may shift firmly. This operation is considered normal and will not affect function or durability of the transmission. Over time the adaptive learning process will fully update transmission operation to its optimum shift feel.

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Maintenance and care

If the battery has been disconnected or a new battery has been installed, the clock and the preset radio stations must be reset once the battery is reconnected. † Always dispose of automotive batteries in a responsible manner. Follow your local authorized standards for disposal. Call your local authorized recycling center to find out more about recycling automotive batteries.

RECYCLE

WINDSHIELD WIPER BLADES Check the wiper blades for wear at least twice a year or when they seem less effective. Substances such as tree sap and some hot wax treatments used by commercial car washes reduce the effectiveness of wiper blades. Checking the wiper blades If the wiper blades do not wipe properly, clean both the windshield and wiper blades using undiluted windshield wiper solution or a mild detergent. Rinse thoroughly with clean water. To avoid damaging the blades, do not use fuel, kerosene, paint thinner or other solvents. Changing the wiper blades To replace the wiper blades: 1. Pull the wiper arm away from the windshield and lock into the service position. 2. Turn the blade at an angle from the wiper arm. Push the lock pin manually to release the blade and pull the wiper blade down toward the windshield to remove it from the arm. 3. Attach the new wiper to the wiper arm and press it into place until a click is heard. REAR WINDOW WIPER BLADE Refer to Windshield wiper blades in this section for more information on rear wiper blades.

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Maintenance and care

INFORMATION ABOUT UNIFORM TIRE QUALITY GRADING New vehicles are fitted with tires that have a rating on them called Tire Quality Grades. The Quality grades can be found where applicable on the tire sidewall between tread shoulder and maximum section width. For example: † Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A These Tire Quality Grades are determined by standards that the United States Department of Transportation has set. Tire Quality Grades apply to new pneumatic tires for use on passenger cars. They do not apply to deep tread, winter-type snow tires, space-saver or temporary use spare tires, tires with nominal rim diameters of 10 to 12 inches or limited production tires as defined in Title 49 Code of Federal Regulations Part 575.104(c)(2). U.S. Department of Transportation-Tire quality grades: The U.S. Department of Transportation requires Ford to give you the following information about tire grades exactly as the government has written it.

Treadwear The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a specified government test course. For example, a tire graded 150 would wear one and one-half (1 1/2) times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual conditions of their use, however, and may depart significantly from the norm due to variations in driving habits, service practices, and differences in road characteristics and climates.

Traction AA A B C The traction grades, from highest to lowest are AA, A, B, and C. The grades represent the tire’s ability to stop on wet pavement as measured under controlled conditions on specified government test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor traction performance.

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Maintenance and care

The traction grade assigned to this tire is based on straight-ahead braking traction tests, and does not include

acceleration, cornering, hydroplaning or peak traction characteristics.

Temperature A B C The temperature grades are A (the highest), B and C, representing the tire’s resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a specified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and excessive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure. The grade C corresponds to a level of performance which all passenger car tires must meet under the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 109. Grades A and B represent higher levels of performance on the laboratory test wheel than the minimum required by law.

The temperature grade for this tire is established for a tire that is properly inflated and not overloaded. Excessive speed,

underinflation, or excessive loading, either separately or in combination, can cause heat buildup and possible tire failure.

SERVICING YOUR TIRES

Checking the tire pressure † Use an accurate tire pressure gauge. † Check the tire pressure when tires are cold, after the vehicle has been parked for at least 3 hours or has been driven less than 5 km (3 miles). As you drive, the temperature in the tire warms up, increasing the tire pressure.

† Adjust tire pressure to recommended specifications found on the Certification Label. Tire pressure information can also be found on the Tire Information label located on the inside of the fuel filler door. † Check tires for proper air pressure monthly. Check spare tire for

proper air pressure every six months.

Improperly inflated tires can affect vehicle handling and can fail suddenly, possibly resulting in loss of vehicle control.

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Maintenance and care

Tire rotation Because your vehicle’s tires perform different jobs, they often wear differently. To make sure your tires wear evenly and last longer, rotate them as indicated in the scheduled maintenance guide. If you notice that the tires wear unevenly, have them checked. † Four tire rotation

† Five tire rotation

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Maintenance and care

Replacing the tires Replace the tires when the wear band is visible through the tire treads.

When replacing full size tires, never mix radial bias-belted, or bias-type tires. Use only the tire sizes that are listed on the

Certification Label. Make sure that all tires are the same size, speed rating, and load-carrying capacity. Use only the tire combinations recommended on the label. If you do not follow these precautions, your vehicle may not drive properly and safely.

Make sure that all replacement tires are of the same size, type, load-carrying capacity and tread design (e.g., “All Terrain”,

“Touring”, etc.), as originally offered by Ford.

Do not replace your tires with “high performance” tires or larger size tires.

Failure to follow these precautions may adversely affect the handling of the vehicle and make it easier for the driver to lose

control and roll over.

Tires that are larger or smaller than your vehicle’s original tires may also affect the accuracy of your speedometer. Tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) (if equipped) The tire pressure monitoring system provides the driver with a warning message indicating when tire pressure is severely low or high. This system is a supplement to normal tire maintenance including regular manual inspections. The device will inform the operator of severe low or high inflation pressures, but may not illuminate for less severe discrepancies in inflation pressure. The system uses radio-frequency pressure sensors to monitor the tire pressure on all tires including the spare. The sensors transmit the tire

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pressure readings to the receiver module located in the vehicle. The receiver module then transmits the status to the message center. For more tire warning information, refer to the Message Center in the Driver controls chapter. This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules and with RS-210 of Industry Canada. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

The tire pressure monitoring system is NOT a substitute for checking tire pressure. The tire pressure should be checked

periodically (at least monthly) using a tire gauge, see Checking the tire pressure in this chapter. Failure to properly maintain your tire pressure could increase the risk of tire failure and the potential for personal injury.

Changing tires with TPMS It is recommended that you always have your tires serviced by a dealer or qualified technician. Each tire is equipped with a tire pressure sensor mounted on the wheel inside the tire behind the valve stem. The tire pressure sensor must be unbolted from the wheel prior to tire removal. The sensor can be removed by loosening the nut at the valve stem. Failure to remove the sensor may damage it. The rubber grommet (washer) between the wheel and the tire pressure sensor needs to be replaced when any tire is changed to minimize air leaks. The tire pressure should be checked periodically (at least monthly) using a tire gauge, refer to Checking the tire pressure in this chapter.

USING SNOW TIRES AND TRACTION DEVICES

Snow tires must be the same size and grade as the tires you currently have on your vehicle.

The tires on your vehicle have all-weather treads to provide traction in rain and snow. However, in some climates, using snow tires or traction devices may be necessary. Ford offers tire cables as a Ford approved

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Maintenance and care

accessory and recommends use of these or SAE class “S”. See your dealer or qualified service technician for more information on tire cables for your vehicle. Follow these guidelines when using snow tires and traction devices: † Cables or chains should only be used on the rear wheels. † Install cables or chains securely, verifying that the cables or chains do † Drive cautiously. If you hear the cables or chains rub or bang against the vehicle, stop and retighten them. If this does not work, remove the cables or chains to prevent vehicle damage.

not touch any wiring, brake lines or fuel lines.

† Avoid overloading your vehicle. † Remove the cables or chains when they are no longer needed. † Do not use cables or chains on dry roads. † Do not exceed 48 km/h (30 mph) with tire cables or chains on your

vehicle.

Consult your dealer for information on other Ford approved methods of traction control.

WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT AUTOMOTIVE FUELS

Important safety precautions

Do not overfill the fuel tank. The pressure in an overfilled tank may cause leakage and lead to fuel spray and fire.

The fuel system may be under pressure. If the fuel filler cap is venting vapor or if you hear a hissing sound, wait until it stops

before completely removing the fuel filler cap. Otherwise, fuel may spray out and injure you or others.

If you do not use the proper fuel filler cap, excessive pressure or vacuum in the fuel tank may damage the fuel system or cause the fuel cap to disengage in a collision, which may result in possible personal injury.

Automotive fuels can cause serious injury or death if misused or mishandled.

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Maintenance and care

Fuel ethanol and gasoline may contain benzene, which is a cancer-causing agent.

Observe the following guidelines when handling automotive fuel: † Extinguish all smoking materials

and any open flames before fueling your vehicle.

† Always turn off the vehicle before † Automotive fuels can be harmful

fueling.

or fatal if swallowed. Fuels such as gasoline and ethanol are highly toxic and if swallowed can cause death or permanent injury. If fuel is swallowed, call a physician immediately, even if no symptoms are immediately apparent. The toxic effects of fuel may not be visible for hours. † Avoid inhaling fuel vapors. Inhaling too much fuel vapor of any kind

can lead to eye and respiratory tract irritation. In severe cases, excessive or prolonged breathing of fuel vapor can cause serious illness and permanent injury.

† Avoid getting fuel liquid in your eyes. If fuel is splashed in the eyes, remove contact lenses (if worn), flush with water for 15 minutes and seek medical attention. Failure to seek proper medical attention could lead to permanent injury.

† Fuels can also be harmful if absorbed through the skin. If fuel is

splashed on the skin and/or clothing, promptly remove contaminated clothing and wash skin thoroughly with soap and water. Repeated or prolonged skin contact with fuel liquid or vapor causes skin irritation. † Be particularly careful if you are taking “Antabuse” or other forms of disulfiram for the treatment of alcoholism. Breathing gasoline and/or ethanol vapors, or skin contact could cause an adverse reaction. In sensitive individuals, serious personal injury or sickness may result. If fuel is splashed on the skin, promptly wash skin thoroughly with soap and water. Consult a physician immediately if you experience an adverse reaction. † FFV fuel tanks may contain zero to 85 percent ethanol. Any fuel

blends containing gasoline and ethanol should be treated the same as “Fuel Ethanol ”. To identify if your vehicle is an FFV, check your VIN or the label on the inside of your fuel filler door. When checking the VIN look for the engine type identifier (8th character). If your vehicle is an FFV, then the character will be labeled as a “K.”

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Maintenance and care

Pure ethanol is the alcohol which is the intoxicating agent in liquor, beer and wine. It is distilled from the fermentation of plants such as field corn and sugar cane. When ethanol is used in the making of motor fuels, a small amount of a bad tasting chemical is added to discourage beverage use. The resulting fuel is called Ed100 meaning 100% pure ethanol diluted by 2% to 5% gasoline as the “denaturant.” Fuel ethanol (summer blendd) is then made by adding 15% more unleaded gasoline. The resulting fuel also has a higher octane rating than unleaded regular gasoline and other properties which allow engine designs with greater efficiency and power. Winter blends may contain up to 30% (E70)unleaded gasoline (25% plus the denaturant) to enhance cold engine starts. Severely cold weather may require additional measures for reliable starting. Refer to Cold Weather Starting in the Driving chapter. Ethanol is more chemically active than gasoline. It corrodes some metals and causes some plastic and rubber components to swell, break down or become brittle and crack, especially when mixed with gasoline. Special materials and procedures have been developed for flexible fuel vehicles and the dispensers used by ethanol fuel providers.

Flexible fuel components and standard unleaded gasoline fuel components are not interchangeable. If your vehicle is not

serviced in accordance with flexible fuel vehicles procedures, damage may occur and your warranty may be invalidated.

When refueling always shut the engine off and never allow sparks or open flames near the filler neck. Never smoke while

refueling. Fuel vapor is extremely hazardous under certain conditions. Care should be taken to avoid inhaling excess fumes.

The flow of fuel through a fuel pump nozzle can produce static electricity, which can cause a fire if fuel is pumped into an

ungrounded fuel container.

Use the following guidelines to avoid static build-up when filling an ungrounded fuel container: † Place approved fuel container on the ground. † DO NOT fill a fuel container while it is in the vehicle (including the

cargo area).

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Maintenance and care † Keep the fuel pump nozzle in contact with the fuel container while filling. † DO NOT use a device that would hold the fuel pump handle in the fill

position.

Choosing the right fuel Use only UNLEADED FUEL. The use of leaded fuel is prohibited by law and could damage your vehicle. If your vehicle is a flexible fuel vehicle (FFV), use only UNLEADED FUEL and (E85) ETHANOL. The use of leaded fuel is prohibited by law and could damage your vehicle. Do not use fuel containing methanol. It can damage critical fuel system components. Your vehicle was not designed to use fuel or fuel additives with metallic compounds, including manganese-based compounds containing MMT. Repairs to correct the effects of using a fuel for which your vehicle was not designed may not be covered by your warranty.

87(R+M)/2 METHOD

Octane recommendations Do not be concerned if your engine sometimes knocks lightly. However, if it knocks heavily under most driving conditions while you are using fuel with the recommended octane rating, see your dealer or a qualified service technician to prevent any engine damage. Unleaded Gasoline engines Your vehicle is designed to use “Regular” unleaded gasoline with an (R+M)/2 octane rating of 87. We do not recommend the use of gasolines labeled as “Regular” that are sold with octane ratings of 86 or lower in high altitude areas. FFV engine (if equipped) Your vehicle is designed to use (E85) Fuel Ethanol, “Regular” unleaded gasoline or any percentage of the two fuels combined. U.S. government regulations require fuel ethanol dispensing pumps to have a small, square, orange and black label with the common abbreviation or the appropriate percentage for that region. Use of other fuels such as Fuel Methanol may cause powertrain damage, a loss of vehicle performance, and your warranty may be invalidated.

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Maintenance and care

Fuel quality Many of the world’s automakers issued the World-wide Fuel Charter that recommends gasoline specifications to provide improved performance and emission control system protection for your vehicle. Gasolines that meet the World-wide Fuel Charter should be used when available. Ask your fuel supplier about gasolines that meet the World-wide Fuel Charter. In Canada, look for fuels that display the Auto Makers’ Choicey logo. It should not be necessary to add any aftermarket products to your fuel tank if you continue to use high quality fuel of the recommended octane rating. Aftermarket products could cause damage to the fuel system. Repairs to correct the effects of using an aftermarket product in your fuel may not be covered by your warranty. Unleaded Gasoline engines If you are experiencing starting, rough idle or hesitation driveability problems during a cold start, try a different brand of “Regular” unleaded gasoline. “Premium” unleaded gasoline is not recommended (particularly in the United States) because it may cause these problems to become more pronounced. If the problems persist, see your dealer or a qualified service technician. FFV engine (if equipped) Your FFV will operate well on ordinary “Regular” unleaded gasoline, but only the highest quality fuel ethanol will provide the same level of protection and performance. To identify if your vehicle is an FFV, check your VIN or the label on the inside of your fuel filler door. When checking the VIN, look for the engine type identifier (8th character). If your vehicle is an FFV, then the character will be labeled as a “K.” If you operate your vehicle 50% or more of the time on ethanol, you should follow a different maintenance schedule. See the Scheduled Maintenance Guide for more information. If you are experiencing a rough or rolling idle after start-up with the outside temperature above 27° C (80° F), the idle should improve within 10 to 30 seconds. If the problems persist below this temperature, see your dealer or a qualified service technician.

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Maintenance and care

Cleaner air Ford endorses the use of reformulated “cleaner-burning” gasolines to improve air quality.

Running out of fuel Avoid running out of fuel because this situation may have an adverse affect on powertrain components. If you have run out of fuel: † You may need to cycle the ignition from OFF to ON several times after

refueling, to allow the fuel system to pump the fuel from the tank to the engine.

Fuel Filler Cap Your fuel tank filler cap has an indexed design with a 1/8 turn on/off feature. When fueling your vehicle: 1. Turn the engine off. 2. Carefully turn the filler cap counterclockwise 1/8 of a turn until it stops. 3. Pull to remove the cap from the fuel filler pipe. 4. To install the cap, align the tabs on the cap with the notches on the filler pipe. 5. Turn the filler cap clockwise 1/8 of a turn until it stops. If the “Check Fuel Cap” indicator comes on and stays on after you start the engine, the fuel filler cap may not be properly installed. Turn off the engine, remove the fuel filler cap, align the cap properly and reinstall it. If you must replace the fuel filler cap, replace it with a fuel filler cap that is designed for your vehicle. The customer warranty may be void for any damage to the fuel tank or fuel system if the correct genuine Ford or Motorcraft fuel filler cap is not used.

The fuel system may be under pressure. If the fuel filler cap is venting vapor or if you hear a hissing sound, wait until it stops

before completely removing the fuel filler cap. Otherwise, fuel may spray out and injure you or others.

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If you do not use the proper fuel filler cap, excessive pressure or vacuum in the fuel tank may damage the fuel system or cause the fuel cap to disengage in a collision, which may result in possible personal injury.

Fuel Filter For fuel filter replacement, see your dealer or a qualified service technician. Refer to the scheduled maintenance guide for the appropriate intervals for changing the fuel filter. Replace the fuel filter with an authorized Motorcraft part. The customer warranty may be void for any damage to the fuel system if an authorized Motorcraft fuel filter is not used.

ESSENTIALS OF GOOD FUEL ECONOMY

Measuring techniques Your best source of information about actual fuel economy is you, the driver. You must gather information as accurately and consistently as possible. Fuel expense, frequency of fill-ups or fuel gauge readings are NOT accurate as a measure of fuel economy. We do not recommend taking fuel economy measurements during the first 1,600 km (1,000 miles) of driving (engine break-in period). You will get a more accurate measurement after 3,000 km–5,000 km (2,000 miles-3,000 miles).

Filling the tank The advertised fuel capacity of the fuel tank on your vehicle is equal to the rated refill capacity of the fuel tank as listed in the Refill capacities section of this chapter. The advertised capacity is the amount of the indicated capacity and the empty reserve combined. Indicated capacity is the difference in the amount of fuel in a full tank and a tank when the fuel gauge indicates empty. Empty reserve is the small amount of fuel remaining in the fuel tank after the fuel gauge indicates empty. The amount of usable fuel in the empty reserve varies and should not be relied upon to increase driving range. When refueling your vehicle after the fuel gauge indicates empty, you might not be able to refuel the full amount of the advertised capacity of the fuel tank due to the empty reserve still present in the tank.

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the tank is filled.

same direction each time you fill up.

an error in the reading will result if the engine is left running.

For consistent results when filling the fuel tank: † Turn the engine/ignition switch to the off position prior to refueling, † Use the same filling rate setting (low — medium — high) each time † Allow no more than 2 automatic click-offs when filling. † Always use fuel with the recommended octane rating. † Use a known quality gasoline, preferably a national brand. † Use the same side of the same pump and have the vehicle facing the † Have the vehicle loading and distribution the same every time. Your results will be most accurate if your filling method is consistent. FillingthetankforFFVequippedvehicles Your vehicle will operate on both unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of 87, or E-85 fuel, or any mixture of these two. For best results it is recommended that you do not add less than 5 gallons of fuel when refueling. Observing this precaution will avoid possible hard starting and/or deterioration in drivability during warm up. Calculating fuel economy 1. Fill the fuel tank completely and record the initial odometer reading (in kilometers or miles). 2. Each time you fill the tank, record the amount of fuel added (in liters or gallons). 3. After at least three to five tank fill-ups, fill the fuel tank and record the current odometer reading. 4. Subtract your initial odometer reading from the current odometer reading. 5. Follow one of the simple calculations in order to determine fuel economy:

Multiply liters used by 100, then divide by total kilometers traveled. Divide total miles traveled by total gallons used.

Keep a record for at least one month and record the type of driving (city or highway). This will provide an accurate estimate of the vehicle’s fuel economy under current driving conditions. Additionally, keeping records during summer and winter will show how temperature impacts fuel economy. In general, lower temperatures give lower fuel economy.

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fuel.

economy.

Driving style — good driving and fuel economy habits Give consideration to the lists that follow and you may be able to change a number of variables and improve your fuel economy. Habits † Smooth, moderate operation can yield up to 10% savings in fuel. † Steady speeds without stopping will usually give the best fuel † Idling for long periods of time (greater than one minute) may waste † Anticipate stopping; slowing down may eliminate the need to stop. † Sudden or hard accelerations may reduce fuel economy. † Slow down gradually. † Driving at reasonable speeds (traveling at 88 km/h [55 mph] uses 15% † Revving the engine before turning it off may reduce fuel economy. † Using the air conditioner or defroster may reduce fuel economy. † You may want to turn off the speed control in hilly terrain if unnecessary shifting between third and fourth gear occurs. Unnecessary shifting of this type could result in reduced fuel economy.

less fuel than traveling at 105 km/h [65 mph]).

† Warming up a vehicle on cold mornings is not required and may † Resting your foot on the brake pedal while driving may reduce fuel † Combine errands and minimize stop-and-go driving. Maintenance † Keep tires properly inflated and use only recommended size. † Operating a vehicle with the wheels out of alignment will reduce fuel † Use recommended engine oil. Refer to Lubricant specifications in † Perform all regularly scheduled maintenance items. Follow the

the Maintenance and Specifications chapter.

reduce fuel economy.

economy.

economy.

recommended maintenance schedule and owner maintenance checks found in your vehicle scheduled maintenance guide.

Conditions † Heavily loading a vehicle or towing a trailer may reduce fuel economy

at any speed.

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Maintenance and care † Carrying unnecessary weight may reduce fuel economy (approximately † Adding certain accessories to your vehicle (for example bug

0.4 km/L [1 mpg] is lost for every 180 kg [400 lb] of weight carried).

driving on hilly terrain.

12–16 km (8–10 miles) of driving.

cruise gear and with steady pressure on the gas pedal.

deflectors, rollbars/light bars, running boards, ski/luggage racks) may reduce fuel economy. † Fuel economy may decrease with lower temperatures during the first † Driving on flat terrain offers improved fuel economy as compared to † Transmissions give their best fuel economy when operated in the top † Four-wheel-drive operation (if equipped) is less fuel efficient than † Close windows for high speed driving. Flexfuel(E-85)cruisingrange Because E-85 fuel contains less energy per gallon than gasoline, you will experience an increase in fuel consumption. You can expect your Miles Per Gallon (MPG) and your driving range to decrease by about 30% compared to gasoline operation.

two-wheel-drive operation.

EPA window sticker Every new vehicle should have the EPA window sticker. Contact your dealer if the window sticker is not supplied with your vehicle. The EPA window sticker should be your guide for the fuel economy comparisons with other vehicles. It is important to note the box in the lower left corner of the window sticker. These numbers represent the Range of L/100 km (MPG) expected on the vehicle under optimum conditions. Your fuel economy may vary depending upon the method of operation and conditions.

EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEM Your vehicle is equipped with various emission control components and a catalytic converter which will enable your vehicle to comply with applicable exhaust emission standards. To make sure that the catalytic converter and other emission control components continue to work properly: † Use only the specified fuel listed. † Avoid running out of fuel.

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Maintenance and care † Do not turn off the ignition while your vehicle is moving, especially at † Have the items listed in your scheduled maintenance guide performed

high speeds.

according to the specified schedule.

The scheduled maintenance items listed in the scheduled maintenance guide are essential to the life and performance of your vehicle and to its emissions system. If other than Ford, Motorcraft or Ford-authorized parts are used for maintenance replacements or for service of components affecting emission control, such non-Ford parts should be equivalent to genuine Ford Motor Company parts in performance and durability.

Do not park, idle, or drive your vehicle in dry grass or other dry ground cover. The emission system heats up the engine

compartment and exhaust system, which can start a fire.

Illumination of the “Check Engine” light, charging system warning light or the temperature warning light, fluid leaks, strange odors, smoke or loss of engine power, could indicate that the emission control system is not working properly.

Exhaust leaks may result in entry of harmful and potentially lethal fumes into the passenger compartment.

Do not make any unauthorized changes to your vehicle or engine. By law, vehicle owners and anyone who manufactures, repairs, services, sells, leases, trades vehicles, or supervises a fleet of vehicles are not permitted to intentionally remove an emission control device or prevent it from working. Information about your vehicle’s emission system is on the Vehicle Emission Control Information Decal located on or near the engine. This decal identifies engine displacement and gives some tune up specifications. Please consult your Warranty Guide for complete emission warranty information.

Readiness for Inspection/Maintenance (I/M) testing In some localities, it may be a legal requirement to pass an I/M test of the on-board diagnostics system. If your “Check Engine/Service Engine Soon” light is on, refer to the description in the Warning lights and chimes section of the Instrumentation chapter. Your vehicle may not pass the I/M test with the “Check Engine/Service Engine Soon” light on.

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If the vehicle’s powertrain system or its battery has just been serviced, the on-board diagnostics system is reset to a “not ready for I/M test” condition. To ready the on-board diagnostics system for I/M testing, a minimum of 30 minutes of city and highway driving is necessary as described below: † First, at least 10 minutes of driving on an expressway or highway. † Next, at least 20 minutes driving in stop-and-go, city-type traffic with

at least four idle periods.

Allow the vehicle to sit for at least eight hours without starting the engine. Then, start the engine and complete the above driving cycle. The engine must warm up to its normal operating temperature. Once started, do not turn off the engine until the above driving cycle is complete.

BULBS

Replacing exterior bulbs Check the operation of the following lamps frequently: † Headlamps † Foglamps † High-mount brakelamp † Brakelamps † Parking lamps † Turn signal lamps † License plate lamp † Tail lamps † Back-up lamps Do not remove lamp bulbs unless they can be replaced immediately with new ones. If a bulb is removed for an extended period of time, contaminants may enter the lamp housings and affect lamp performance.

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Replacing headlamp bulbs The high beam and low beam bulbs are located in the headlamp assembly. Follow the same steps to replace either bulb: To remove the headlamp bulb: 1. Make sure headlamp switch is in OFF position, then open the hood. 2. At the back of the headlamp, pry up the two retainer pins until they stop to release the headlamp assembly from the vehicle and pull headlamp forward.

3. Disconnect the electrical connector from the bulb by pushing the center tab and pulling downward. 4. Remove the old bulb from the lamp assembly by turning counter clockwise to unlock and pulling it straight out of the lamp assembly.

To install the new bulb:

Handle a halogen headlamp bulb carefully and keep out of children’s reach. Grasp the bulb only by its plastic base and do not touch the glass. The oil from your hand could cause the bulb to break the next time the headlamps are operated.

If the bulb is accidentally touched, it should be cleaned with rubbing alcohol before being used.

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1. Install the new bulb in lamp assembly by pushing straight in and turning to lock in position. You may need to turn the bulb slightly to align the grooves in the plastic base with the tabs in the lamp assembly. 2. Connect the electrical connector to the bulb. 3. Install the headlamp on the vehicle by aligning the lamp on the vehicle, push rearward to fully seat the lamp assembly then push the two retainer pins down. 4. Turn the headlamps on and make sure they work properly. If the headlamp was correctly aimed before you changed the bulb, you should not need to aim it again. Replacingfrontparkinglamp/turnsignal/sidemarkerbulbs 1. Make sure headlamp switch is in OFF position, then open the hood. 2. Remove screw from the lamp assembly. 3. Disengage lamp assembly by pulling forward.

4. Rotate bulb socket counterclockwise and remove from lamp assembly. 5. Carefully pull bulb straight out of socket and push in the new bulb. 6. Install bulb socket in lamp assembly by turning clockwise. 7. Align the parking lamp studs with the plastic grommets on the vehicle and push rearward to snap in place. 8. Install screw on lamp assembly.

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Replacingtail/brake/turn/backuplampbulbs The tail/brake/turn/backup bulbs are located in the tail lamp assembly, one just below the other. Follow the same steps to replace either bulb: 1. Make sure headlamp switch is in OFF position, then open the liftgate to expose the lamp assembly screws. 2. Remove the two screws from the lamp assembly. 3. Pull the lamp assembly towards the rear and side of the vehicle at an angle carefully removing it from the vehicle. 4. Rotate the bulb socket counterclockwise and remove from lamp assembly. 5. Pull the bulb straight out of the socket and push in the new bulb. 6. To complete installation, follow the removal procedure in reverse order. Replacingfoglampbulbs 1. Make sure headlamp switch is in OFF position, then reach under the front bumper and remove the bulb socket from the foglamp by turning counterclockwise. 2. Disconnect the electrical connector from the foglamp bulb. 3. Connect the electrical connector to the new foglamp bulb. 4. Install the bulb socket in the foglamp turning clockwise.

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Replacinglicenseplatelampbulbs 1. Make sure headlamp switch is in OFF position, then remove two screws and the license plate lamp assembly from the liftgate. 2. Rotate bulb socket counterclockwise and remove from lamp assembly. 3. Carefully pull the bulb from the socket and push in the new bulb. 4. Install the lamp assembly on liftgate with two screws. Replacinghigh-mountbrakelampbulbs 1. Make sure headlamp switch is in OFF position, then remove the two screws and move the lamp assembly away from the liftgate.