1999 Ford Escort Owners Manual

gearshift is securely latched in P (Park) (automatic transaxle) or

in 1 (First) (manual transaxle).

Push the button on the end of the parking brake and push the handle down as far as possible to release the brake. Driving with the parking brake on will cause the brakes to wear out quickly and reduce fuel economy.

for more than a few seconds when the engine is running.

STEERING Your vehicle is equipped with power steering. Power steering uses energy from the engine to help steer the vehicle. To prevent damage to the power steering pump: † Never hold the steering wheel to the extreme right or the extreme left † Do not operate the vehicle with a low power steering pump fluid level. If the power steering system breaks down (or if the engine is turned off), you can steer the vehicle manually, but it takes more effort. If the steering wanders or pulls, the condition could be caused by any of the following: † underinflated tire(s) on any wheel(s) † high crown in center of road † high crosswinds † wheels out of alignment † loose or worn components in steering linkage

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Driving

TRANSAXLE OPERATION

Manual transaxle (if equipped) Usingtheclutch Vehicles equipped with a manual transaxle have a starter interrupt interlock that prevents cranking of the engine unless the clutch pedal is depressed. When starting a vehicle with a manual transaxle, you must: 1. Put the gearshift in the neutral position.

4 R

2. Hold down the brake pedal. 3. Depress the clutch pedal.

4. Turn the ignition key to 4
(START), then let the engine idle for a few seconds. 5. Release the brake pedal, then slowly release the clutch pedal while pressing down slowly on the accelerator pedal. Do not drive with your foot resting on the clutch pedal and do not use

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ON II

CC

Driving

the clutch pedal to hold your vehicle at a standstill while waiting on a hill. These actions will seriously reduce clutch life. Parkingyourvehicle 1. Apply the brake and shift into the neutral position.

2. Set the parking brake.

3. Shift into 1 (First).

4 R

4 R

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Driving

4. Turn engine off and remove the key.

ON II

CC

Do not park your vehicle in Neutral, it may move unexpectedly and injure someone. Use 1 (First) gear and set the parking brake fully.

Recommendedshiftspeeds Upshift according to the following charts for best fuel economy:

Coupe

Upshifts when accelerating (recommended for best fuel economy) 1-2
2-3
3-4
4-5

21 km/h (13 mph) 40 km/h (25 mph) 53 km/h (33 mph) 70 km/h (44 mph)

Coupe

Upshifts when cruising (recommended for best fuel economy) 1-2
2-3
3-4
4-5

18 km/h (11 mph) 32 km/h (20 mph) 46 km/h (29 mph) 61 km/h (38 mph)

Sedan/Wagon

Upshifts when accelerating (recommended for best fuel economy) 1-2
2-3
3-4
4-5

22 km/h (14 mph) 40 km/h (25 mph) 55 km/h (34 mph) 70 km/h (44 mph)

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Driving

Sedan/Wagon

19 km/h (12 mph) 31 km/h (19 mph) 46 km/h (29 mph) 61 km/h (38 mph)

Upshifts when cruising (recommended for best fuel economy) 1-2
2-3
3-4
4-5
Reverse Make sure that your vehicle is at a complete stop before you shift into R (Reverse). Failure to do so may damage the transaxle. Put the gearshift into the neutral position and wait at least three seconds before shifting into R (Reverse).

4 R

You can shift into R (Reverse) only by moving the gearshift from left of 3
(Third) and 4 (Fourth) gears before you shift into R (Reverse). This is a special lockout feature which prevents you from shifting into R (Reverse) when you downshift from 5 (Fifth).

Automatic transaxle (if equipped) Brake-shiftinterlock This vehicle is equipped with a brake-shift interlock feature that prevents the gearshift from being moved from P (Park) unless the brake pedal is depressed. If you cannot move the gearshift out of P (Park) with the brake pedal depressed:

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Driving

1. Continue depressing the brake pedal, and remove the shift-lock override cap with a 2.5 cm (1 inch) or longer screwdriver. 2. Insert the screwdriver into the shift-lock override opening and push down.

3. Push and hold the thumb button. 4. Move the gearshift. If it is necessary to use the above procedure to move the gearshift, it is possible that a fuse has blown and the vehicle’s brakelamps may not be operating properly. Refer to Fuses and relays in the Roadside emergencies chapter.

Do not drive your vehicle until you verify that the brakelamps are working.

If your vehicle gets stuck in mud or snow it may be rocked out by shifting from forward and reverse gears, stopping between shifts, in a steady pattern. Press lightly on the accelerator in each gear. Do not rock the vehicle for more than a few minutes. The transaxle and tires may be damaged or the engine may overheat.

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Driving

Always set the parking brake fully and make sure the gearshift is latched in P (Park). Turn off the ignition whenever you leave

your vehicle.

If the parking brake is fully released, but the brake warning lamp remains illuminated, the brakes may not be working properly.

See your dealer or a qualified service technician.

Understandinggearshiftpositions

Hold the brake pedal down while you move the gearshift lever from P (Park) to another position. If you do not hold the brake pedal down, your vehicle may move unexpectedly and injure someone.

P(Park) Always come to a complete stop before shifting into P (Park). Make sure that the gearshift is securely latched in P (Park). This locks the transaxle and prevents the front wheels from rotating.

Always set the parking brake fully and make sure

the gearshift is latched in P (Park). Turn off the ignition whenever you leave your vehicle.

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Driving

R(Reverse) With the gearshift in R (Reverse), the vehicle will move backward. You should always come to a complete stop before shifting in and out of R (Reverse).

N(Neutral) With the gearshift in the N (Neutral) position, the vehicle can be started and is free to roll. Hold the brake pedal down while in this position.

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Driving

(Overdrive)

The overdrive position is the normal driving position for an automatic overdrive transaxle. It works the same way as D (Drive) but shifts to a fourth gear-an overdrive gear-when your vehicle cruises at a constant speed for any length of time. This fourth gear will increase your fuel economy when you travel at cruising speeds.

Overdrive may not be appropriate for certain terrains. If the transaxle shifts back and forth between third and fourth gears while you are driving hilly roads or if your vehicle requires additional power for climbing hills, shift into D (Drive). D(Drive) D (Drive) eliminates the needless shifting between third and fourth gears that your vehicle may do when driving in hilly terrain. It also gives more engine braking than overdrive to slow your vehicle on downgrades.

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Driving

L(Low) Use L (Low) when added engine braking is desired or when descending steep hills.

The automatic transaxle will shift into the proper gear to ascend any grade without any need to shift to L (Low). Do not go faster than 61 km/h (38 mph) when in this gear. You can upshift from L (Low) to

(overdrive) at any time.

When parking, do not use the gearshift in place of the parking brake. Always set the parking brake fully and make sure that the

gearshift is securely latched in Park (P). Turn off the ignition whenever you leave your vehicle. Never leave your vehicle unattended while it is running. If you do not take these precautions, your vehicle may move unexpectedly and injure someone.

VEHICLE LOADING Before loading a vehicle, familiarize yourself with the following terms: † Base Curb Weight: Weight of the vehicle including any standard equipment, fluids, lubricants, etc. It does not include passengers or aftermarket equipment. † Payload: Combined maximum allowable weight of cargo, passengers and optional equipment. The payload equals the gross vehicle weight rating minus base curb weight.

† GVW (Gross Vehicle Weight): Base curb weight plus payload † GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating): Maximum total weight of

weight. The GVW is not a limit or a specification.

the base vehicle, passengers, optional equipment and cargo. The GVWR is specific to each vehicle and is listed on the Safety Compliance Label on the driver’s door pillar.

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Driving † GAWR (Gross Axle Weight Rating): Carrying capacity for each axle

system. The GAWR is specific to each vehicle and is listed on the Safety Compliance Label on the driver’s door pillar. † GCW (Gross Combined Weight): The combined weight of the towing vehicle (including passengers and cargo) and the trailer. † GCWR (Gross Combined Weight Rating): Maximum combined weight of towing vehicle (including passengers and cargo) and the trailer. The GCWR indicates the maximum loaded weight that the vehicle is designed to tow.

† Maximum Trailer Weight Rating: Maximum weight of a trailer the

vehicle is permitted to tow. The maximum trailer weight rating is determined by subtracting the vehicle curb weight for each engine/transmission combination, any required option weight for trailer towing and the weight of the driver from the GCWR for the towing vehicle. † Maximum Trailer Weight: maximum weight of a trailer the loaded

vehicle (including passengers and cargo) is permitted to tow. It is determined by subtracting the weight of the loaded trailer towing vehicle from the GCWR for the towing vehicle.

† Trailer Weight Range: Specified weight range that the trailer must fall within that ranges from zero to the maximum trailer weight rating.

Remember to figure in the tongue load of your loaded trailer when figuring the total weight.

Do not exceed the GVWR or the GAWR specified on the certification label.

Do not use replacement tires with lower load carrying capacities than the originals because they may lower the vehicle’s GVWR and GAWR limitations. Replacement tires with a higher limit than the originals do not increase the GVWR and GAWR limitations. The Certification Label, found on the inside pillar of the driver’s door, lists several important vehicle weight rating limitations. Before adding any additional equipment, refer to these limitations. If you are adding weight to the front of your vehicle, (potentially including weight added to the cab), the weight added should not exceed the Front Axle Reserve Capacity (FARC). Additional frontal weight may be added to the front axle reserve capacity provided you limit your payload in other ways (i.e. restrict the number of passengers or amount of cargo carried).

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Driving

You may add equipment throughout your vehicle if the total weight added is equal to or less than the Total Axle Reserve Capacity (TARC) weight. You should NEVER exceed the Total Axle Reserve Capacity. Always ensure that the weight of passengers, cargo and equipment being carried is within the weight limitations that have been established for your vehicle including both Gross Vehicle Weight and Front and Rear Gross Axle Weight Rating limits. Under no circumstance should these limitations be exceeded. Exceeding any vehicle weight rating limitation could result in serious damage to the vehicle and/or personal injury.

DRIVING THROUGH WATER Do not drive quickly through standing water, especially if the depth is unknown. Traction or brake capability may be limited and if the ignition system gets wet, your engine may stall. Water may also enter your engine’s air intake and severely damage your engine. If driving through deep or standing water is unavoidable, proceed very slowly. Never drive through water that is higher than the bottom of the hubs. Once through the water, always try the brakes. Wet brakes do not stop the vehicle as effectively as dry brakes. Drying can be improved by moving your vehicle slowly while applying light pressure on the brake pedal. Driving through deep water where the transmission is submerged may allow water into the transmission and cause internal transmission damage.

TRAILER TOWING Your vehicle is capable of towing a trailer up to 454 kg (1 000 lbs.) gross trailer weight with a maximum tongue load of 45 kg (100 lbs.). Do not tow a trailer until your vehicle has been driven at least 800 km (500 miles). Towing a trailer places an additional load on your vehicle’s engine, transaxle, brakes, tires and suspension. Inspect these components carefully after towing.

Do not exceed the GVWR or the GAWR specified on the certification label.

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Driving

Towing trailers beyond the maximum recommended gross trailer weight exceeds the limit of the vehicle and could result in

engine damage, transaxle damage, structural damage, loss of control, and personal injury.

Preparing to tow Use the proper equipment for towing a trailer, and make sure it is properly attached to your vehicle. See your dealer or a reliable trailer dealer if you require assistance. Hitches Do not use hitches that clamp onto the vehicle bumper. Use a load carrying hitch. You must distribute the load in your trailer so that 10% of the total weight of the trailer is on the tongue. Safetychains Always connect the trailer’s safety chains to the vehicle. To connect the trailer’s safety chains, cross the chains under the trailer tongue and allow slack for turning corners. If you use a rental trailer, follow the instructions that the rental agency gives to you. Do not attach safety chains to the bumper. Trailerbrakes Electric brakes and manual, automatic or surge-type brakes are safe if installed properly and adjusted to the manufacturer’s specifications. The trailer brakes must meet local and Federal regulations.

Do not connect a trailer’s hydraulic brake system directly to your vehicle’s brake system. Your vehicle may not have enough

braking power and your chances of having a collision greatly increase.

The braking system of the tow vehicle is rated for operation at the GVWR not GCWR. Trailerlamps Trailer lamps are required on most towed vehicles. Make sure your trailer lamps conform to local and Federal regulations. See your dealer or trailer rental agency for proper instructions and equipment for hooking up trailer lamps.

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Driving

Driving while you tow Do not drive faster than 88 km/h (55 mph) when towing a trailer. Speed control may shut off if you are towing on long, steep grades. When towing a trailer: † Use a lower gear when towing up or down steep hills. This will eliminate excessive downshifting and upshifting for optimum fuel economy and transaxle cooling.

† Anticipate stops and brake gradually. Exceeding the GCWR rating may cause internal transaxle damage and void your warranty coverage. Servicingaftertowing If you tow a trailer for long distances, your vehicle will require more frequent service intervals. Refer to your maintenance guide and or service guide for more information.

Trailer towing tips † Practice turning, stopping and backing up in an area before starting on a trip to get the feel of the vehicle trailer combination. When turning, make wider turns so the trailer wheels will clear curbs and other obstacles.

† Allow more distance for stopping with a trailer attached. † The trailer tongue weight should be 10% of the loaded trailer weight. † After you have traveled 80 km (50 miles), thoroughly check your † When stopped in traffic for long periods of time in hot weather, place

hitch, electrical connections and trailer wheel lug nuts.

the gearshift in P (Park) and increase idle speed. This aids engine cooling and air conditioner efficiency. † Vehicles with trailers should not be parked on a grade. If you must

park on a grade, place wheel chocks under the trailer’s wheels.

LUGGAGE RACK (IF EQUIPPED) Load the luggage as far back as safely possible on the rack without exceeding the gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) or the gross axle weight rating (GAWR). Use adjustable tie down loops to secure the load.

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Roadside emergencies

HAZARD FLASHER Use only in an emergency to warn traffic of vehicle breakdown, approaching danger, etc. The hazard flashers can be operated when the ignition is off. † Slide the hazard flasher control to

the right to activate the hazard flashers simultaneously. † Slide the control to the left to

turn the flashers off.

RESETTING THE FUEL PUMP SHUT-OFF SWITCH After a collision, if the engine cranks but does not start, the fuel pump shut-off switch may have been activated. The shut-off switch is a device intended to stop the electric fuel pump when your vehicle has been involved in a substantial jolt. † Right side of the trunk behind the

trunk liner.

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Roadside emergencies †Driver’s foot well, behind the kick panel.

The fuel pump shut-off switch, depending on application, is locatedon the right side of the trunk behind the trunk liner or in the driver’s foot well, behind the kick panel. Use the following procedure to reset the fuel pump shut-off switch. 1. Turn the ignition to the OFF position. 2. Check the fuel system for leaks. 3. If no fuel leak is apparent, reset the fuel pump shut-off switch by pushing in on the reset button. 4. Turn the ignition to the ON position. Pause for a few seconds and return the key to the OFF position. 5. Make a further check for leaks in the fuel system.

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Roadside emergencies

FUSES AND RELAYS

Fuses If electrical components in the vehicle are not working, a fuse may have blown. Blown fuses are identified by a broken wire within the fuse. Check the appropriate fuses before replacing any electrical components.

15

Always replace a fuse with one that has the specified amperage rating. Using a fuse with a higher amperage rating can cause

severe wire damage and could start a fire.

Standardfuseamperageratingandcolor

Fuse Rating

2A 3A 4A 5A 7.5A 10A 15A 20A 25A 30A 40A 50A 60A 70A 80A

Mini Fuses

Grey Violet Pink Tan

Brown

Red Blue Yellow Natural Green

— — — — —

COLOR

Standard

Fuses

Maxi Fuses

Grey Violet Pink Tan

Brown

Red Blue Yellow Natural Green

— — — — —

— — — — — — —

Yellow

—

Green Orange

Red Blue Tan

Natural

Cartridge

Maxi Fuses

— — — — — — — Blue — Pink Green Red — — —

Fuse Link Cartridge

— — — — — — — Blue — Pink Green Red Yellow Brown Black

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Roadside emergencies

Coupe The fuses are coded as follows:

P. Window (C.B.)

HEATER

(DRL)

(DOOR LK)

STOP

HAZARD

HORN

TAIL

ROOM

(AIR COND)

(SUN ROOF)

ENGINE

METER

(ASC)

RADIO

WIPER

–

Fuse/Relay Location

Fuse Amp

Rating

CIGAR

(FOG)

FUEL INJ

AIR BAG

(AUDIO)

–

Description

10A 15A 10A

15A

5A 30A 15A 15A 10A

20A 20A 15A

Daytime Running Lamps Hazard Flasher Engine Controls, RAP System, Radio, Shift Lock, Courtesy Lamps, Starting System, Warning Chime, Instrument Cluster Electronic Automatic Transaxle, Ignition System, Constant Control Relay Module (PCM Relay) Power Mirrors, Radio, RAP System Power Door Locks Horn, Shift Lock A/C-Heater, ABS Backup Lamps, Engine Coolant Level Switch, Instrument Cluster, Rear Window Defrost, Shift Lock, Warning Chime, Turn Signal Switch Wiper/Washer, Blower Motor Relay Stop Lamps, Brake Pressure Switch Exterior Lamps, Instrument Illumination

DRL

HAZARD ROOM

ENGINE

RADIO

DOOR LOCK

HORN

AIR COND

METER

WIPER STOP TAIL

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Fuse/Relay Location SUN ROOF

ASC

Fuse Amp

Rating

15A 10A

P. WINDOW

30A CB

CIGAR AIR BAG

FOG AUDIO

FUEL INJ.

20A 10A 10A 15A 10A

BLOWER

30A CB

Roadside emergencies

Description

Power Moonroof Speed Control Power Windows Cigar Lighter Air Bags Fog Lamps, Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) Premium Sound Amplifier, CD Changer H02S, Evaporative Emission Purge Flow Sensor Blower Motor Relay

Sedan/Wagon The fuses are coded as follows:

P. Window (C.B.)

HEATER

R. WIPER

(DOOR LK)

STOP

HAZARD

HORN

TAIL

ROOM

(AIR COND)

SUNROOF

ENGINE

METER

(ASC)

MIRROR

WIPER

–

CIGAR

(FOG)

FUEL INJ

AIR BAG

(AUDIO)

–

Description

Fuse Amp

Rating

10A

15A

Daytime Running Lamps, Liftgate Wiper/Washer Hazard Lamps

Fuse/Relay Location R.WIPER

HAZARD

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Roadside emergencies

Fuse/Relay Location

Fuse Amp

Rating

ROOM

10A

ENGINE MIRROR

DOOR LOCK HORN

AIR COND

METER

WIPER STOP TAIL

SUN ROOF

ASC CIGAR AIR BAG

FOG AUDIO FUEL

INJECTOR P. WINDOW

BLOWER

15A 5A

30A

15A 15A 10A

20A 15A 15A 15A 10A 20A 10A

10A 15A 10A

30A CB 30A CB

Description

Engine Controls, Remote Anti-Theft Personality (RAP) Module, Radio, Shift Lock, Courtesy Lamps, Starting System, Warning Chime Air Bag, Engine Controls, TR Sensor Power Mirrors, Radio, Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) Power Door Locks

Horn A/C-Heater, ABS Backup Lamps, Engine Controls, Instrument Cluster, Rear Window Defrost, Shift Lock, Warning Chime, Turn Signal Switch Wiper/Washer, Blower Relay Stop Lamps Exterior Lamps, Instrument Illumination Power Moonroof Speed Control Cigar Lighter Joint Connector, Air Bag Diagnostic Monitor Fog Lamps, Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) Radio HO2S, Evaporative Emission Purge Flow Sensor Power Windows A/C-Heater

Power distribution box The power distribution box is located in the engine compartment. The power distribution box contains high-current fuses that protect your vehicle’s main electrical systems from overloads.

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Roadside emergencies

Always disconnect the battery before servicing high current fuses.

Always replace the cover to the Power Distribution Box before reconnecting the battery or refilling fluid reservoirs.

If the battery has been disconnected and reconnected, refer to the Battery section of the Maintenance and Care chapter. Coupe The high-current fuses are coded as follows.

HEADLAMP

RELAY

OBD-II 10A

FUEL PUMP 20A

HEAD LH 10A

HEAD RH 10A

USE THE DESIGNATED FUSES ONLY

Fuse/Relay Location FUEL INJ.

Fuse Amp

Rating 30A*

DEFOG MAIN BTN

ABS

COOLING

FAN

30A* 100A* 40A*

60A* 40A*

Description

Air Bags, Constant Control Relay Module (PCM Relay), Generator Rear Window Defrost Overall Circuit Protection Hazard, Stop, Door Lock, Tail, Room and Horn Fuses of the I/P Fuse Panel ABS Main Relay Constant Control Relay Module (Cooling Fan)

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Roadside emergencies

Fuse/Relay Location

OBD-II

Fuse Amp

Rating 10A*

FUEL PUMP

HEAD RH HEAD LH

20A**

10A** 10A**

Description

Data Link Connector (DLC), Instrument Cluster Constant Control Relay Module (Fuel Pump) Headlamps Headlamps

* Fuse Link Cartridge **Fuse Sedan/Wagon The high-current fuses are coded as follows.

HEADLAMP

RELAY

OBD-II 10A

FUEL PUMP 20A

HEAD LH 10A

HEAD RH 10A

USE THE DESIGNATED FUSES ONLY

Fuse/Relay Location FUEL INJ.

DEFOG MAIN

Fuse Amp

Rating 30A* 30A* 100A*

BTN ABS

40A* 60A*

Description

Air Bags, Engine Controls, Generator Rear Window Defrost Charging System, BTN, Cooling Fan, Fuel Pump, OBD-II, ABS Fuses, Ignition Switch, Headlamps Hazard ABS Main Relay

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Fuse/Relay Location COOLING

FAN OBD-II

FUEL PUMP

HEAD RH HEAD LH

Fuse Amp

Rating 40A*

10A**

20A**

10A** 10A**

Roadside emergencies

Description

Constant Control Relay Module

Data Link Connector (DLC), Instrument Cluster Engine Controls

Headlamps Headlamps

* Fuse Link Cartridge ** Fuse

Relays Relays are located in the power distribution box and should be replaced by qualified technicians.

CHANGING THE TIRES If you get a flat tire while driving, do not apply the brake heavily. Instead, gradually decrease your speed. Hold the steering wheel firmly and slowly move to a safe place on the side of the road.

Temporary spare tire information The temporary spare tire for your vehicle is labeled as such. It is smaller than a regular tire and is designed for emergency use only.

If you use the temporary spare tire continuously or do not follow these precautions, the tire could fail, causing you to lose control

of the vehicle, possibly injuring yourself or others.

When driving with the temporary spare tire do not: † exceed 80 km/h (50 mph) under any circumstances † load the vehicle beyond maximum vehicle load rating listed on the † tow a trailer † use tire chains † drive through an automatic car wash, because of the vehicle’s reduced

Safety Compliance Label

ground clearance

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Roadside emergencies † try to repair the temporary spare tire or remove it from its wheel † use the wheel for any other type of vehicle Tire change procedure 1. Park on a level surface, activate hazard flashers and set the parking brake.

When one of the front wheels is off the ground, the transaxle alone will not prevent the vehicle from moving or slipping off the

jack, even if the vehicle is in P (Park) (automatic transaxle) or R (Reverse) (manual transaxle).

To prevent the vehicle from moving when you change a tire, be sure the parking brake is set, then block (in both directions) the wheel that is diagonally opposite (other side and end of the vehicle) to the tire being changed.

If the vehicle slips off the jack, you or someone else could be seriously injured.

2. Place gearshift lever in P (Park) (automatic transaxle) or R (Reverse) (manual transaxle), turn engine OFF, and block the diagonally opposite wheel.

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† Automatic

† Manual

3. Remove the jack, jack handle and spare tire.

Roadside emergencies

4 R

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Roadside emergencies

4. Loosen each wheel lug nut one-half turn counterclockwise but do not remove them until the wheel is raised off the ground.

5. Put the jack in the jack notch next to the door of the tire you are changing. Turn the handle clockwise until the wheel is completely off the ground.

6. Remove the lug nuts with the lug wrench. 7. Replace the flat tire with the spare tire, making sure the valve stem is facing outward. Reinstall the lug nuts until the wheel is snug against the hub. Do not fully tighten the lug nuts until the wheel has been lowered. 8. Lower the wheel by turning the jack handle counterclockwise. 9. Remove the jack and fully tighten the lug nuts in the order shown. 10. Put flat tire, jack and lug wrench away. Make sure the jack is fastened so it does not rattle when you drive. Unblock the wheels.

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Roadside emergencies

JUMP STARTING YOUR VEHICLE

The gases around the battery can explode if exposed to flames, sparks, or lit cigarettes. An explosion could result in injury or

vehicle damage.

Do not push start your vehicle. You could damage the catalytic converter.

Batteries contain sulfuric acid which can burn skin, eyes, and clothing, if contacted.

Do not attempt to push start your vehicle. Automatic transmissions do not have push-start capability.

Preparing your vehicle 1. Use only a 12–volt supply to start your vehicle. 2. Do not disconnect the battery of the disabled vehicle as this could damage the vehicle’s electrical system. 3. Park the booster vehicle close to the hood of the disabled vehicle making sure the two vehicles do not touch. Set the parking brake on both vehicles and stay clear of the engine cooling fan and other moving parts. 4. Check all battery terminals and remove any excessive corrosion before you attach the battery cables. Ensure that vent caps are tight and level. 5. Turn the heater fan on in both vehicles to protect any electrical surges. Turn all other accessories off.

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Roadside emergencies

Connecting the jumper cables

+–

+–

1. Connect the positive (+) booster cable to the positive (+) terminal of the discharged battery. Note: In the illustrations, lightning bolts are used to designate the assisting (boosting) battery.

+–

+–

2. Connect the other end of the positive (+) cable to the positive (+) terminal of the assisting battery.

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Roadside emergencies

+–

+–

3. Connect the negative (-) cable to the negative (-) terminal of the assisting battery.

+–

+–

4. Make the final connection of the negative (-) cable to an exposed metal part of the stalled vehicle’s engine, away from the battery and the carburetor/fuel injection system. The preferred locations of an exposed metal part (to ground the circuit) are the alternator mounting brackets or an engine lifting eye. Do not use fuel lines, engine rocker covers or the intake manifold as grounding points.

Do not connect the end of the second cable to the negative (-) terminal of the battery to be jumped. A spark may cause an

explosion of the gases that surround the battery.

5. Be sure that the cables are clear of fan blades, belts and other moving parts of both engines.

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Roadside emergencies

Jump starting 1. Start the engine of the booster vehicle and run the engine at moderately increased speed. 2. Start the engine of the disabled vehicle. 3. Once the disabled vehicle has been started, run both engines for an additional three minutes before disconnecting the jumper cables.

Removing the jumper cables

+–

+–

Remove the jumper cables in the reverse order that they were connected. 1. Remove the jumper cable from the ground metal surface.

+–

+–

2. Remove the jumper cable on the negative (-) connection of the booster vehicle’s battery.

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Roadside emergencies

+–

+–

3. Remove the jumper cable from the positive (+) terminal of the booster vehicle’s battery.

+–

+–

4. Remove the jumper cable from the positive (+) terminal of the disabled vehicle’s battery. After the disabled vehicle has been started and the jumper cables removed, allow it to idle for several minutes so the engine computer can relearn its idle conditions.

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Roadside emergencies

WRECKER TOWING

If you need to have your vehicle towed, contact a professional towing service or, if you are a member, your roadside assistance center. It is recommended that your vehicle be towed with a wheel lift or flatbed equipment. Do not tow with a slingbelt. Ford Motor Company has not approved a slingbelt towing procedure. If your vehicle is to be towed from the rear using wheel lift equipment, the front wheels (drive wheels) must be placed on a dolly to prevent damage to the transaxle. Ford Motor Company provides a towing manual for all authorized tow truck operators. Have your tow truck operator refer to this manual for proper hook-up and towing procedures for your vehicle.

TOWING BEHIND ANOTHER VEHICLE If your vehicle has an automatic transaxle, it cannot be flat-towed with all wheels on the ground; front wheel dollies must be used. If your vehicle has an manual transaxle, your vehicle can be flat-towed with all wheels on the ground.

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Maintenance and care

SERVICE RECOMMENDATIONS To help you service your vehicle: † We highlight do-it-yourself items in the engine compartment for easy † We provide a Scheduled Maintenance Guide which makes tracking

location.

routine service easy.

If your vehicle requires professional service, your dealership can provide necessary parts and service. Check your “Warranty Guide” to find out which parts and services are covered. Use only recommended fuels, lubricants, fluids and service parts conforming to specifications. Motorcraft parts are designed and built to provide the best performance in your vehicle.

PRECAUTIONS WHEN SERVICING YOUR VEHICLE Be especially careful when inspecting or servicing your vehicle. † Do not work on a hot engine. † When the engine is running, keep loose clothing, jewelry or long hair † Do not work on a vehicle with the engine running in an enclosed † Keep all lit cigarettes, open flames and other lit material away from

space, unless you are sure you have enough ventilation.

away from moving parts.

the battery and all fuel related parts.

If you disconnect the battery, the engine must “relearn” its idle conditions before your vehicle will drive properly, as explained in the Battery section in this chapter.

Working with the engine off † Automatic transaxle: 1. Set the parking brake and ensure the gearshift is securely latched in P (Park).

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2. Turn off the engine and remove the key.

3. Block the wheels to prevent the vehicle from moving unexpectedly. † Manual transaxle: 1. Set the parking brake, depress the clutch and place the gearshift in 1 (First).

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2. Turn off the engine and remove the key. 3. Block the wheels to prevent the vehicle from moving unexpectedly.

4 R

Working with the engine on † Automatic transaxle: 1. Set the parking brake and ensure the gearshift is securely latched in P (Park).

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2. Block the wheels to prevent the vehicle from moving unexpectedly.

Do not start your engine with the air cleaner removed and do not remove it while the engine is running.

† Manual transaxle: 1. Set the parking brake, depress the clutch and place the gearshift in N (Neutral).

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2. Block the wheels to prevent the vehicle from moving unexpectedly.

4 R

Do not start your engine with the air cleaner removed and do not remove it while the engine is running.

OPENING THE HOOD 1. Inside the vehicle, pull the hood release handle located under the bottom left corner of the instrument panel.

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2. Go to the front of the vehicle and release the auxiliary latch that is located under the front center of the hood.

3. Lift the hood and secure it with the prop rod.

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IDENTIFYING COMPONENTS IN THE ENGINE COMPARTMENT

2.0L SOHC I4 engine

1. Engine oil dipstick 2. Brake fluid reservoir 3. Transmission fluid dipstick (automatic transaxle) 4. Battery 5. Air filter assembly 6. Engine oil filler cap 7. Power steering fluid reservoir 8. Engine coolant reservoir 9. Windshield washer fluid reservoir

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2.0L DOHC Zetec engine

1. Transmission fluid dipstick (automatic transaxle) 2. Battery 3. Air filter assembly 4. Engine oil filler cap 5. Engine oil dipstick 6. Power steering fluid reservoir 7. Engine coolant reservoir 8. Windshield washer fluid reservoir 9. Brake fluid reservoir

ENGINE OIL

Checking the engine oil Refer to the Scheduled Maintenance Guide for the appropriate intervals for checking the engine oil.

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1. Make sure the vehicle is on level ground. 2. Turn the engine off and wait a few minutes for the oil to drain into the oil pan. 3. Set the parking brake and ensure the gearshift is securely latched in P (automatic transaxle) or 1st (manual transaxle). 4. Open the hood. Protect yourself from engine heat. 5. Locate and carefully remove the engine oil indicator (dipstick). † 2.0L SOHC I4 engine

† 2.0L DOHC Zetec engine

ADD

FULL

6. Wipe the indicator clean. Insert the indicator fully, then remove it again.

ADD

FULL

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Maintenance and care † If the oil level is between the ADD and FULL marks, the oil level is acceptable. DO NOT ADD OIL. † If the oil level is below the ADD mark, add enough oil to raise the level within the ADD-FULL range.

† Oil levels above the F in FULL may cause engine damage. Some oil

must be removed from the engine by a service technician.

7. Put the indicator back in and ensure it is fully seated.

Adding engine oil 1. Check the engine oil. For instructions, refer to Checking the engine oil in this chapter. 2. If the engine oil level is not within the normal range, add only certified engine oil of the recommended viscosity. Remove the engine oil filler cap and use a funnel to pour the engine oil into the opening. 3. Recheck the engine oil level. Make sure the oil level is not above the F in FULL mark on the engine oil level indicator (dipstick). 4. Install the indicator and ensure it is fully seated. 5. Fully install the engine oil filler cap by turning the filler cap clockwise until three clicks can be heard. To avoid possible oil loss, DO NOT operate the vehicle with the engine oil level indicator and/or the engine oil filler cap removed.

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Engine oil and filter recommendations Look for this Certification Trademark.

Use SAE 5W-30 motor oil certified for gasoline engines by the American Petroleum Institute (API). Motor oil displaying the API Certification Trademark will meet all requirements for your vehicle’s engine. Ford oil specification is WSS-M2C153-G. Do not use supplemental engine oil additives, oil treatments or engine treatments. They are unnecessary and could, under certain conditions, lead to engine damage which is not covered by your warranty. Change your engine oil and filter according to the appropriate schedule listed in the Scheduled Maintenance Guide. Ford production and aftermarket (Motorcraft) oil filters are designed for added engine protection and long life. If a replacement oil filter is used that does not meet Ford material and design specifications, startup engine noises or knock may be experienced. It is recommended you use the appropriate Motorcraft oil filter (or another brand meeting Ford specifications) for your engine application.

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BRAKE FLUID

Checking and adding brake fluid Brake fluid should be checked and refilled as needed. Refer to the Scheduled Maintenance Guide for the service interval schedules: 1. Clean the reservoir cap before removal to prevent dirt or water from entering the reservoir.

2. Visually inspect the fluid level. 3. If necessary, add brake fluid until the level reaches MAX. Do not fill above this line. 4. Use only a DOT 3 brake fluid certified to meet Ford specifications. Refer to Lubricant specifications in the Capacities and specifications chapter.

MAX

MIN

Brake fluid is toxic.

If you use a brake fluid that is not DOT 3, you will cause permanent damage to your brakes.

Do not let the fluid level in the reservoir for the master cylinder fall below the MIN mark. If master cylinder runs dry, this may

cause the brakes to fail.

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CLUTCH FLUID (IF EQUIPPED) Check the clutch fluid level. Refer to the Scheduled Maintenance Guide for the service interval schedules. The clutch master cylinder and brake master cylinder are part of the same system; both are refillable through the brake master cylinder with brake fluid. During normal operation, the fluid level in the brake fluid reservoir should remain constant. For more information on brake fluid maintenance, refer to Brake fluid in this chapter.

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Maintenance and care

WINDSHIELD WASHER FLUID

Checking and adding washer fluid †Coupe

†Sedan/Wagon

Check the washer fluid whenever you stop for fuel. The reservoir is highlighted with a If the level is low, add enough fluid to fill the reservoir. In very cold weather, do not fill the reservoir all the way.

symbol.

Do not put engine coolant in the container for the windshield washer fluid.

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Checking and adding washer fluid for the liftgate (if equipped) The rear reservoir is located on the passenger side of the storage compartment behind the access cover. Refill this reservoir with the same fluid you use for your windshield.

ENGINE COOLANT † Coupe

† Sedan/Wagon

Check the level of the engine coolant in the reservoir. Refer to the Scheduled Maintenance Guide for service interval schedules. Be sure to read and understand Precautions when servicing your vehicle in this chapter. If the engine coolant has not been checked at the recommended interval, the engine coolant reservoir may become empty. If this occurs, add engine coolant to the coolant reservoir. For more information on engine coolant maintenance, refer to Adding engine coolant in this chapter.

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Maintenance and care

Automotive fluids are not interchangeable; do not use engine coolant, antifreeze or windshield washer fluid outside of its specified function and vehicle location.

F6AZ-19544–AA (orange in color).

Adding engine coolant Use only Ford Premium Engine Coolant E2FZ-19549–AA (in Oregon, F5FZ-19549–CC, in Canada, Motorcraft CXC-10) or a premium engine coolant that meets Ford specification ESE-M97B44–A. † DO NOT USE Ford Extended Life Engine Coolant † DO NOT USE a DEX-COOLt engine coolant or an equivalent engine coolant that meets Ford specification WSS-M97B44–D. † DO NOT USE alcohol or methanol antifreeze or any engine † DO NOT USE supplemental coolant additives in your vehicle. These additives may harm your engine’s cooling system. † DO NOT MIX recycled coolant and conventional coolant

coolants mixed with alcohol or methanol antifreeze.

together in your vehicle. Mixing of engine coolants may harm your engine’s cooling system. † The use of an improper coolant may harm engine and cooling

system components and may void the warranty of your vehicle’s engine cooling system.

† Use only the type of coolant with which your vehicle was

originally equipped. If you are unsure which type of coolant your vehicle requires, contact your local dealer.

Do not put engine coolant in the container for the windshield washer fluid.

If sprayed on the windshield, engine coolant could make it difficult to see through the windshield. When the engine is cool, add a 50/50 mixture of engine coolant and distilled water to the engine coolant reservoir. Plain water may be added in an emergency, but you must replace it with a 50/50 mixture of coolant and distilled water as soon as possible.

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Check the coolant level in the coolant reservoir the next few times you drive the vehicle. If necessary, add enough of a 50/50 mixture of coolant and distilled water to bring the liquid level to the fill line on the reservoir.

Never remove the coolant reservoir cap while the engine is running or hot.

If you must remove the coolant reservoir cap, follow these steps to avoid personal injury: 1. Before you remove the cap, turn the engine off and let it cool. 2. When the engine is cool, wrap a thick cloth around the cap. Slowly turn cap counterclockwise until pressure begins to release. 3. Step back while the pressure releases. 4. When you are sure that all the pressure has been released, use the cloth to turn it counterclockwise and remove the cap. Change your engine coolant according to the appropriate schedule listed in the Scheduled Maintenance Guide.

Recycled engine coolant Ford Motor Company recommends that Ford and Lincoln-Mercury dealers use recycled engine coolant produced by Ford-approved processes. Not all coolant recycling processes produce coolant which meets Ford specification ESE-M97B44–A, and use of such coolant may harm engine and cooling system components.

Always dispose of used automotive fluids in a responsible manner.

Follow your community’s regulations and standards for recycling and disposing of automotive fluids.

Coolant refill capacity To find out how much fluid your vehicle’s cooling system can hold, refer to Refill capacities in the Capacities and specifications chapter. Have your dealer check the engine cooling system for leaks if you have to add more than 1.0 liter (1.0 quart) of engine coolant per month.

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Maintenance and care

Severe winter climate If you drive in extremely cold climates (less than –36°C [–34°F]), it may be necessary to increase the coolant concentration above 50%. Refer to the chart on the coolant container to ensure the coolant concentration in your vehicle is such that the coolant will not freeze at the temperature level in which you drive during winter months. Never increase the coolant concentration above 60%. Increased engine coolant concentrations above 60% will decrease the freeze protection characteristics of the engine coolant. Vehicles driven year-round in non-extreme climates should use a 50/50 mixture of engine coolant and distilled water for optimum freeze protection.

CHECKING AND ADDING POWER STEERING FLUID Check the power steering fluid. Refer to the Scheduled Maintenance Guide for the service interval schedules. If adding fluid is necessary, use only MERCONt ATF. † Coupe

† Sedan/Wagon

1. Start the engine and let it run until it reaches normal operating temperature (the engine coolant temperature gauge indicator will be near the center of the normal area between H and C).

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2. While the engine idles, turn the steering wheel left and right several times. 3. Turn the engine off. 4. Check the fluid level in the reservoir. It should be between the MIN and MAX lines. Do not add fluid if the level is in this range. 5. If the fluid is low, add fluid in small amounts, continuously checking the level until it reaches the range between the MIN and MAX lines. Be sure to put the cap back on the reservoir.

TRANSMISSION FLUID

Checking automatic transmission fluid Refer to your Scheduled Maintenance Guide for scheduled intervals for fluid checks and changes. Your transaxle does not consume fluid. However, the fluid level should be checked if the transaxle is not working properly, i.e., if the transaxle slips or shifts slowly or if you notice some sign of fluid leakage. Automatic transmission fluid expands when warmed. To obtain an accurate fluid check, drive the vehicle until it is warmed up (approximately 30 km [20 miles]). If your vehicle has been operated for an extended period at high speeds, in city traffic during hot weather or pulling a trailer, the vehicle should be turned off for about 30 minutes to allow fluid to cool before checking. 1. Drive the vehicle 30 km (20 miles) or until it reaches normal operating temperature. 2. Park the vehicle on a level surface and engage the parking brake. 3. With the parking brake engaged and your foot on the brake pedal, start the engine and move the gearshift lever through all of the gear ranges. Allow sufficient time for each gear to engage. 4. Latch the gearshift lever in P (Park) and leave the engine running. 5. Remove the dipstick, wiping it clean with a clean, dry lint free rag. 6. Install the dipstick making sure it is fully seated in the filler tube. 7. Remove the dipstick and inspect the fluid level. The fluid should be in the designated areas for normal operating temperature.

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Lowfluidlevel Do not drive the vehicle if the fluid level is at the bottom of the dipstick and the outside temperatures are above 10°C (50°F).

20 C

65 C

65 C

20 C

Correctfluidlevel The transmission fluid should be checked at normal operating temperatures 66°C-77°C (150°F-170°F) on a level surface. The normal operating temperature can be reached after approximately 30 km (20
miles) of driving. The transmission fluid should be in this range if at normal operating temperature (66°C-77°C [150°F-170°F]). Highfluidlevel Fluid levels above the safe range may result in transaxle failure. An overfill condition of transmission fluid may cause shift and/or engagement concerns and/or possible damage. High fluid levels can be caused by an overheating condition. Adjustingautomatictransmissionfluidlevels Before adding any fluid, make sure the correct type is used. The type of fluid used is normally indicated on the dipstick and/or dipstick handle and also in the Lubricant specifications section in the Capacities and specifications chapter. Use of a non-approved automatic transmission fluid may cause internal transaxle component damage. If necessary, add fluid in 250 mL (1/2 pint) increments through the filler tube until the level is correct. If an overfill occurs, excess fluid should be removed by a qualified technician. An overfill condition of transmission fluid may cause shift and/or engagement concerns and/or possible damage.

20 C

65 C

20 C

65 C

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Maintenance and care

Checking and adding manual transmission fluid 1. Clean the filler plug. 2. Remove the filler plug and inspect the fluid level.

3. Fluid level should be at bottom of the opening. 4. Add enough fluid through the filler opening so that the fluid level is at the bottom of the opening. 5. Install and tighten the fill plug securely.

Use only fluid that meets Ford specifications. Refer to the Capacities and specifications chapter.

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Maintenance and care

BATTERY Your vehicle is equipped with a Motorcraft maintenance-free battery which normally does not require additional water during its life of service.

However, for severe usage or in high temperature climates, check the