2012 Volvo S80 Owners Manual

WARNING

• Remember that the power brakes and power steering will not function when engine is not running. The braking and steering systems will function but con- siderably higher pressure will be required on the brake pedal and greater steering effort must be exerted.

• The towing eyelets must not be used for pulling the vehicle out of a ditch or for any similar purpose involving severe strain. Do not use the towing eyelets to pull the vehicle up onto a flat bed tow truck.

Precautions when the vehicle is being towed • Attach jumper cables (see page 111) to provide current for releasing the electric parking brake and to move the gear selec- tor from the P position to N.

• Be sure that the steering wheel lock is

released (see page 88).

• While the vehicle is being towed, set the

ignition in mode II if the battery is not

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06 During your trip

Emergency towing

drained so that the headlights/taillights can be switched on. See page 80 for informa- tion on the ignition modes.

• Maximum speed: 50 mph (80 km/h). Do not

exceed the maximum allowable towing speed.

• Maximum distance with front wheels on

ground: 50 miles (80 km).

• While the vehicle is being towed, try to

keep the tow rope taut at all times.

• The vehicle should only be towed in the

forward direction.

CAUTION

Vehicles with AWD (All Wheel Drive) with the front wheels off the ground should not be towed at speeds above 50 mph (70 km/h) or for distances longer than 30 miles (50 km).

CAUTION

• Please check with state and local

authorities before attempting this type of towing, as vehicles being towed are subject to regulations regarding maxi- mum towing speed, length and type of towing device, lighting, etc.

• If the vehicle's battery is dead, do not attempt to start the vehicle by pushing or pulling it as this will damage the three-way catalytic converter(s). The engine must be jump started using an auxiliary battery (see page 111).

• If the vehicle is being towed on a flat bed

truck, the towing eyelets must not be used to pull the vehicle up onto the flat bed or to secure the vehicle on the flat bed. Consult the tow truck operator.

please refer to the towing information on page 273.

CAUTION

• Sling-type equipment applied at the

front will damage radiator and air con- ditioning lines.

• It is equally important not to use sling- type equipment at the rear or apply lift- ing equipment inside the rear wheels; serious damage to the rear axle may result.

• If the vehicle is being towed on a flat bed

truck, the towing eyelets must not be used to secure the vehicle on the flat bed. Consult the tow truck operator.

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Towing vehicles with front wheel drive/ All Wheel Drive Volvo recommends the use of flat bed equip- ment. • If wheel lift equipment must be used,

please use extreme caution to help avoid damage to the vehicle. In this case, the vehicle should be towed with the rear wheels on the ground if at all possible. • If it is absolutely necessary to tow the vehi-

cle with the front wheels on the ground,

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General information .............................................................................. 278
Tire inflation........................................................................................... 281
Inflation pressure ................................................................................. 283
Tire designations .................................................................................. 284
Glossary of tire terminology ................................................................. 286
Vehicle loading ..................................................................................... 287
Uniform Tire Quality Grading ............................................................... 289
Snow chains, snow tires, studded tires ............................................... 290
Temporary Spare ................................................................................. 291
Tire Sealing System.............................................................................. 292
Changing a wheel ................................................................................ 298
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)............................................. 301

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WHEELS AND TIRES

07 Wheels and tires

General information

Introduction Your vehicle is equipped with tires according to the vehicle's tire information placard on the B-pillar (the structural member at the side of the vehicle, at the rear of the driver's door opening).

CAUTION

Some Volvo models are equipped with an Ultra High Performance tire and wheel com- bination designed to provide maximum dry pavement performance with consideration for hydroplaning resistance. They may be more susceptible to road hazard damage and, depending on driving conditions, may achieve a tread life of less than 20,000 miles (30,000 km). Even if this vehicle is equipped with Volvo’s advanced AWD or DSTC sys- tem, these tires are not designed for winter driving, and should be replaced with winter tires when weather conditions dictate.

The tires have good road holding characteris- tics and offer good handling on dry and wet surfaces. It should be noted however that the tires have been developed to give these fea- tures on snow/ice-free surfaces. Most models are equipped with "all-season" tires, which provide a somewhat higher degree of road holding on slippery surfaces than tires

1 Option or accessory on some models

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without the "all-season" rating. However, for optimum road holding on icy or snow-covered roads, we recommend suitable winter tires on all four wheels. When replacing tires, be sure that the new tires are the same size designation, type (radial) and preferably from the same manufacturer, on all four wheels. Otherwise there is a risk of altering the car's roadholding and handling characte- ristics.

New Tires

Remember that tires are perishable goods. As of 2000, the manufacturing week and year (Department of Transportation (DOT) stamp) will be indicated with 4 digits (e.g., 1510 means that the tire illustrated was manufactured dur- ing week 15 of 2010).

Tire age Tires degrade over time, even when they are not being used. It is recommended that tires generally be replaced after 6 years of normal service. Heat caused by hot climates, frequent high loading conditions or Ultra Violet (U.V.) exposure can accelerate the aging process. The temporary spare1 should also be replaced at 6-year intervals, even if it has never been used. A tire's age can be determined by the DOT stamp on the sidewall (see the illustration). A tire with e.g., visible cracks or discoloration should be replaced immediately.

Improving tire economy • Maintain correct tire pressure. See the tire

inflation table on page 283.

• Drive smoothly: avoid fast starts, hard

braking and tire screeching.

• Tire wear increases with speed. • Correct front wheel alignment is very

important.

• Unbalanced wheels impair tire economy

and driving comfort.

• Tires must maintain the same direction of

rotation throughout their lifetime.

• Incorrectly mounted tires impair the car's

braking properties and ability to force aside rain, snow and slush.

• The tires with the most tread should always

be at the rear (to reduce the risk of skid- ding).

• Contact a Volvo workshop if you are

unsure about the tread depth.

Storing wheels and tires When storing complete wheels (tires mounted on rims), they should be suspended off the floor or placed on their sides on the floor. Tires not mounted on rims should be stored on their sides or standing upright, but should not be suspended.

CAUTION

Tires should preferably be stored in a cool, dry, dark place, and should never be stored in close proximity to solvents, gasoline, oils, etc.

07 Wheels and tires

General information

WARNING

• The wheel and tire sizes for your Volvo are specified to meet stringent stability and handling requirements. Unap- proved wheel/tire size combinations can negatively affect your vehicle's sta- bility and handling.

• Any damage caused by installation of unapproved wheel/tire size combina- tions will not be covered by your new vehicle warranty. Volvo assumes no responsibility for death, injury, or expenses that may result from such installations.

Tire wear

Tire rotation Your vehicle has no required tire rotation. Tire wear is affected by a number of factors such as tire inflation, ambient temperature, driving style, etc.

• When replacing tires, the tires with the

most tread should be mounted on the rear wheels to reduce the chance of oversteer during hard braking.

• Hitting curbs or potholes can damage the

tires and/or wheels permanently.

Summer and winter tires

The arrows shows the direction of rotation of the tire • When switching between summer and winter tires, mark the tires to indicate where they were mounted on the car, e.g., LF = left front, RR = right rear

• Tires with tread designed to roll in only one direction are marked with an arrow on the sidewall.

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are printed on the side of the tire. When approximately 1/16" (1.6 mm) is left on the tread, these strips become visible and indicate that the tire should be replaced. Tires with less than 1/16" (1.6 mm) tread offer very poor trac- tion. When replacing worn tires, it is recommended that the tire be identical in type (radial) and size as the one being replaced. Using a tire of the same make (manufacturer) will prevent altera- tion of the driving characteristics of the vehicle.

07 Wheels and tires

General information

NOTE

• If the tires are rotated, they should only

be moved from front to rear or vice versa. They should never be rotated left to right/right to left.

• Ideally, tire rotation should be done the

first time after approximately 3,000
miles (5,000 km) and thereafter at 6,000-mile (10,000-km) intervals. Some customers find that tire rotation may help to get extra mileage from tire life. • Tire rotation should only be performed if front/rear tire wear is fairly even and tread height is above 1/16" (1.6 mm).

Tread wear indicator

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The tires have wear indicator strips running across or parallel to the tread. The letters TWI

Inflation placard

07 Wheels and tires

Tire inflation

NOTE

• The placards shown indicate inflation pressure for the tires installed on the vehicle at the factory only.

• A certain amount of air seepage from the tires occurs naturally and tire pres- sure fluctuates with seasonal changes in temperature. Always check tire pres- sure regularly.

WARNING

• Under-inflation is the most common cause of tire failure and may result in severe tire cracking, tread separation, or "blow-out," with unexpected loss of vehicle control and increased risk of injury.

• Under-inflated tires reduce the load car-

rying capacity of your vehicle.

Tire inflation placard

Tire inflation Check tire inflation pressure regularly. See the tire inflation table on page 283. A tire inflation pressure placard is also located on the driver's side B-pillar (the structural member at the side of the vehicle, at the rear of the driver's door opening). This placard indicates the des- ignation of the factory-mounted tires on your vehicle, as well as load limits and inflation pres- sure.

• Use a tire gauge to check the tire inflation pressure, including the spare, at least once a month and before long trips. You are strongly urged to buy a reliable tire pres- sure gauge, as automatic service station gauges may be inaccurate.

• Use the recommended cold inflation pres-

sure for optimum tire performance and wear.

• Under-inflation or over-inflation may cause

uneven treadwear patterns.

When weather temperature changes occur, tire inflation pressures also change. A 10-degree temperature drop causes a corresponding drop of 1 psi (7 kPa) in inflation pressure. Check your tire pressures frequently and adjust them to the proper pressure, which can be found on the vehicle's tire information placard or certifi- cation label.

Checking tire pressure Cold tires Inflation pressure should be checked when the tires are cold. The tires are considered to be cold when they have the same temperature as the sur- rounding (ambient) air. This temperature is normally reached after the vehicle has been parked for at least 3 hours.

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Speed ratings

168 mph (270 km/h)

186 mph (300 km/h)

Load ratings See page 284 for an explanation of the load rating on the sidewall of the tire.

07 Wheels and tires

Tire inflation

After driving a distance of approximately 1 mile (1.6 km), the tires are considered to be hot. If you have to drive farther than this dis- tance to pump your tire(s), check and record the tire pressure first and add the appropriate air pressure when you get to the pump. If checking tire pressure when the tire is hot, never "bleed" or reduce air pressure. The tires are hot from driving and it is normal for pres- sures to increase above recommended cold pressures. A hot tire at or below recommended cold inflation pressure could be significantly under-inflated. To check inflation pressure: 1. Remove the cap from the valve on one tire,

then firmly press the tire gauge onto the valve.

2. Add air to reach the recommended air

pressure.

3. Replace the valve cap. 4. Visually inspect the tires to make sure there

are no nails or other objects embedded that could puncture the tire and cause an air leak.

5. Check the sidewalls to make sure there are no gouges, cuts, bulges or other irregular- ities.

6. Repeat this procedure for each tire, includ-

ing the spare.

NOTE

• If you overfill the tire, release air by

pushing on the metal stem in the center of the valve. Then recheck the pressure with your tire gauge.

• Some spare tires require higher inflation

pressure than the other tires. Consult the tire inflation pressure table on page 283 or see the inflation pressure plac- ard.

Tire ratings

Speed ratings The speed ratings in the table translate as fol- low:

Speed ratings

81 mph (130 km/h)

100 mph (160 km/h)

118 mph (190 km/h)

130 mph (210 km/h)

149 mph (240 km/h)

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07 Wheels and tires

Inflation pressure

Tire inflation pressure table The following tire pressures are recommended by Volvo for your vehicle. Refer to the tire inflation placard (see page 281 for its location) for information specific to the tires installed on your vehicle at the factory. Tire size

Cold tire pressure for up to 5 persons

Front psi/kPa

36/250

225/50 R17
245/40 R18

Temporary spare tire

61/420

NOTE

Please consult a Volvo retailer’s Parts department for the most up-to-date speci- fications.

Rear psi/kPa

36/250

61/420

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07 Wheels and tires

Tire designations

Information on the sidewall

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12

Federal law mandates that tire manufacturers place standardized information on the sidewall of all tires (see the illustration). The following information is listed on the tire sidewall: The tire designation:

NOTE

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Please be aware that the following tire des- ignation is an example only and that this particular tire may not be available on your vehicle.

284

1. 215: the width of the tire (in millimeters)

from sidewall edge to sidewall edge. The larger the number, the wider the tire.

2. 65: The ratio of the tire's height to its width

in percent.

3. R: Radial tire. 4. 15: The diameter of the wheel rim (in

inches).

5. 95: The tire's load index. In this example, a load index of 95 equals a maximum load of 1521 lbs (690 kg).

6. H: The tire's speed rating, or the maximum

speed at which the tire is designed to be driven for extended periods of time, carry- ing a permissible load for the vehicle, and with correct inflation pressure. For exam- ple, H indicates a speed rating of 130 mph (210 km/h).

NOTE

The tire's load index and speed rating may not appear on the sidewall because they are not required by law.

7. M+S or M/S = Mud and Snow, AT = All

Terrain, AS = All Season

8. U.S. DOT Tire Identification Number

(TIN): This begins with the letters "DOT" and indicates that the tire meets all federal standards. The next two numbers or letters are the plant code where it was manufac- tured, the next two are the tire size code and the last four numbers represent the week and year the tire was built. For exam- ple, 1510 means that the tire was manu- factured during week 15 of 2010. The num- bers in between are marketing codes used at the manufacturer's discretion. This infor- mation helps a tire manufacturer identify a tire for safety recall purposes.

9. Tire Ply Composition and Material

Used: Indicates the number of plies indi- cates or the number of layers of rubber- coated fabric in the tire tread and sidewall. Tire manufacturers also must indicate the ply materials in the tire and the sidewall, which include steel, nylon, polyester, and others.

10. Maximum Load: Indicates the maximum load in pounds and kilograms that can be carried by the tire. Refer to the vehicle's tire information placard located on the B-Pillar for the correct tire pressure for your vehi- cle.

07 Wheels and tires

Tire designations

11. Treadwear, Traction, and Temperature grades: see page 289 for more informa- tion.

12. Maximum permissible inflation

pressure: the greatest amount of air pres- sure that should ever be put in the tire. This limit is set by the tire manufacturer.

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B-pillar and in the tire inflation table in this chapter.

• Cold tires: The tires are considered to be cold when they have the same temperature as the surrounding (ambient) air. This tem- perature is normally reached after the vehi- cle has been parked for at least 3 hours.

07 Wheels and tires

Glossary of tire terminology

Terms The tire suppliers may have additional mark- ings, notes or warnings such as standard load, radial tubeless, etc. • Tire information placard: A placard

showing the OE (Original Equipment) tire sizes, recommended inflation pressure, and the maximum weight the vehicle can carry.

• Tire Identification Number (TIN): A num- ber on the sidewall of each tire providing information about the tire brand and man- ufacturing plant, tire size and date of man- ufacturer.

• Inflation pressure: A measure of the

amount of air in a tire.

• Standard load: A class of P-metric or Met- ric tires designed to carry a maximum load at 35 psi [37 psi (2.5 bar) for Metric tires]. Increasing the inflation pressure beyond this pressure will not increase the tires load carrying capability.

• Extra load: A class of P-metric or Metric tires designed to carry a heavier maximum load at 41 psi [43 psi (2.9 bar) for Metric tires]. Increasing the inflation pressure beyond this pressure will not increase the tire's load carrying capability.

• kPa: Kilopascal, a metric unit of air pres-

sure.

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• PSI: Pounds per square inch, a standard

unit of air pressure.

• B-pillar: The structural member at the side

of the vehicle behind the front door.

• Bead area of the tire: Area of the tire next

to the rim.

• Sidewall of the tire: Area between the

bead area and the tread.

• Tread area of the tire: Area of the perim- eter of the tire that contacts the road when mounted on the vehicle.

• Rim: The metal support (wheel) for a tire or a tire and tube assembly upon which the tire beads are seated.

• Maximum load rating: a figure indicating

the maximum load in pounds and kilo- grams that can be carried by the tire. This rating is established by the tire manufac- turer.

• Maximum permissible inflation

pressure: the greatest amount of air pres- sure that should ever be put in the tire. This limit is set by the tire manufacturer.

• Recommended tire inflation pressure: inflation pressure, established by Volvo, which is based on the type of tires that are mounted on a vehicle at the factory. This information can be found on the tire infla- tion placard(s) located on the driver's side

07 Wheels and tires

Vehicle loading

2. Determine the combined weight of the

driver and passengers that will be riding in your vehicle.

3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver

and passengers from XXX kilograms or XXX pounds.

4. The resulting figure equals the available

amount of cargo and luggage load capacity. For example, if the "XXX" amount equals 1400 lbs. and there will be five 150 lb. passengers in your vehicle, the amount of available cargo and luggage load capacity is 650 lbs. (1400 – 750
(5 × 150) = 650 lbs.)

5. Determine the combined weight of luggage

and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4. If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle. Consult this manual1 to determine how this reduces the available cargo and luggage load capacity of your vehicle.

Permissible axle weight The maximum allowable weight that can be carried by a single axle (front or rear). These numbers are shown on the Federal/Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS/ CMVSS) label. The total load on each axle must never exceed its maximum permissible weight.

Gross vehicle weight (GVW) The vehicle's curb weight + cargo + passen- gers.

NOTE

• The location of the various labels in your

vehicle can be found on page 342.

• A table listing important weight limits for

your vehicle can be found on page 345.

Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit 1. Locate the statement "the combined

weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX pounds" on your vehi- cle's placard.

6.

Loads Properly loading your vehicle will provide maxi- mum return of vehicle design performance. Before loading your vehicle, familiarize yourself with the following terms for determining your vehicle's weight ratings, with or without a trailer, from the vehicle's Federal/Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS/ CMVSS) label, and the vehicle's tire informa- tion placard:

Curb weight The weight of the vehicle including a full tank of fuel and all standard equipment. It does not include passengers, cargo, or optional equip- ment.

Capacity weight All weight added to the curb weight, including cargo and optional equipment. When towing, trailer hitch tongue load is also part of cargo weight.

NOTE

For trailer towing information, please refer to the section "Towing a trailer" on page 270.

1 See page 270.

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07 Wheels and tires

Vehicle loading

WARNING

• Exceeding the permissible axle weight,

gross vehicle weight, or any other weight rating limits can cause tire over- heating resulting in permanent defor- mation or catastrophic failure.

• Do not use replacement tires with lower load carrying capacities than the tires that were original equipment on the vehicle because this will lower the vehi- cle's GVW rating. Use only tires with the correct load carrying capacity. Consult your Volvo retailer for information.

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Quality grading information ALL PASSENGER VEHICLE TIRES MUST CONFORM TO FEDERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS IN ADDITION TO THESE GRADES Quality grades can be found, where appli- cable, on the tire sidewall between the tread shoulder and maximum section width. For example: Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A

TREADWEAR The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a specified gov- ernment test course. For example, a tire gra- ded 150 would wear one and one half (1 1/2) times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual conditions of their use, however, and many depart signifi- cantly from the norm due to variation in driving habits, maintenance practices and differences in road characteristics and climate.

TRACTION The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are AA, A, B, and C, as measured under controlled conditions on specified government test sur- faces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C

may have poor traction performance. The trac- tion grade assigned to this tire is based on braking (straight-ahead) traction tests and is not a measure of cornering (turning) traction.

WARNING

The traction grade assigned to this tire is based on braking (straight-ahead) traction tests and is not a measure of cornering (turning) traction.

TEMPERATURE The temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing the tire's resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a specified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and excessive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure. The grade C corresponds to a minimum level of performance that all pas- senger vehicle tires must meet under the Fed- eral Motor Safety Standard No. 109. Grades B and A represent higher levels of performance on the laboratory test wheel than the minimum required by law.

07 Wheels and tires

Uniform Tire Quality Grading

WARNING

The temperature grade for this tire is estab- lished for a tire that is properly inflated and not overloaded. Excessive speed, under- inflation, or excessive loading, either sepa- rately or in combination, can cause heat buildup and tire failure.

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07 Wheels and tires

Snow chains, snow tires, studded tires

Winter driving conditions

CAUTION

Snow chains Snow chains can be used on your Volvo with the following restrictions: • Snow chains should be installed on front

wheels only. Use only Volvo approved snow chains.

• If accessory, aftermarket or "custom" tires and wheels are installed and are of a size different than the original tires and wheels, chains in some cases CANNOT be used. Sufficient clearances between chains and brakes, suspension and body components must be maintained.

• Some strap-on type chains will interfere

with brake components and therefore CANNOT be used.

• All Wheel Drive models: Snow chains

should only be installed on the front wheels.

• Certain size tires may not allow the assem-

bly of snow chains/traction devices.

Consult your Volvo retailer for additional snow chain information.

1 Where permitted

• Check local regulations regarding the use of snow chains before installing. • Use single-sided snow chains only. • Always follow the chain manufacturer's installation instructions carefully. Install chains as tightly as possible and retighten periodically.

• Never exceed the chain manufacturer's specified maximum speed limit. (Under no circumstances should you exceed 31 mph (50 km/h).

• Avoid bumps, holes or sharp turns

when driving with snow chains.

• The handling of the vehicle can be

adversely affected when driving with chains. Avoid fast or sharp turns as well as locked wheel braking.

Snow tires, studded tires1
Tires for winter use: • Owners who live in or regularly commute through areas with sustained periods of snow or icy driving conditions are strongly advised to fit suitable winter tires to help retain the highest degree of traction.

• It is important to install winter tires on all four wheels to help retain traction during

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cornering, braking, and accelerating. Fail- ure to do so could reduce traction to an unsafe level or adversely affect handling. • Do not mix tires of different design as this could also negatively affect overall tire road grip.

• Winter tires wear more quickly on dry roads in warm weather. They should be removed when the winter driving season has ended.

• Studded tires should be run-in

300 – 600 miles (500 – 1000 km) during which the vehicle should be driven as smoothly as possible to give the studs the opportunity to seat properly in the tires. The tires should have the same rotational direction throughout their entire lifetime.

NOTE

Please consult state or provincial regula- tions restricting the use of studded winter tires before installing such tires.

Spare tire The spare tire in your vehicle1 is called a "Tem- porary Spare". Recommended tire pressure (see the placard on the B-pillar or on the fuel filler door) should be maintained irrespective of which position on the vehicle the temporary spare tire is used on. In the event of damage to this tire, a new one can be purchased from your Volvo retailer.

WARNING

Current legislation prohibits the use of the "Temporary Spare" tire other than as a tem- porary replacement for a punctured tire. It must be replaced as soon as possible by a standard tire. Road holding and handling may be affected with the "Temporary Spare" in use. Do not exceed 50 mph (80 km/h).

CAUTION

The vehicle must not be driven with wheels of different dimensions or with a spare tire other than the one that came with the vehi- cle. The use of different size wheels can seriously damage your car's transmission.

1 Not on models equipped with the Tire sealing system.

07 Wheels and tires

Temporary Spare

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07 Wheels and tires

Tire Sealing System

Location

Introduction Certain models are equipped with a tire sealing system* that enables you to temporarily seal a hole in the tread surface and re-inflate a flat tire, or to adjust a tire’s inflation pressure. The system consists of an air compressor, a container for the sealing compound, wiring to connect the system to the vehicle’s electrical system via one of the 12-volt sockets, and a hose used to connect the system to the tire’s inflation valve. The 12-volt sockets are located in the front tunnel console and on the rear side of the cen- ter console in the rear seat, see page 195.

07

Accessing the tire sealing system The tire sealing system is stowed under the floor of the trunk. To access it: 1. Lift the floor hatch in the cargo area. 2. Lift out the tire sealing system.

NOTE

• The tire sealing system is only intended to seal holes on the tire’s tread area, not the sidewall.

• Tires with large holes or tears cannot be

repaired with the tire sealing system. • After use, stow the tire sealing system

properly to help prevent rattling.

WARNING

• After using the tire sealing system, the vehicle should not be driven farther than approximately 120 miles (200 km).

• Have the tire inspected by a trained and

qualified Volvo service technician as soon as possible to determine if it can be permanently repaired or must be replaced.

• The vehicle should not be driven faster than 50 mph (80 km/h) while using a tire that has been temporarily repaired with the tire sealing system.

• After using the tire sealing system, drive

carefully and avoid abrupt steering maneuvers and sudden stops.

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* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

Tire sealing system–overview

WARNING

Please keep the following points in mind when using the tire sealing system: • The sealing compound bottle (no. 8 in

the illustration) contains 1.2-Ethanol and natural rubber-latex. These sub- stances are harmful if swallowed.

• The contents of this bottle may cause allergic skin reactions or otherwise be potentially harmful to the skin, the cen- tral nervous system, and the eyes.

Precautions: • Keep out of reach of children. • Do not ingest the contents. • Avoid prolonged or repeated contact

with the skin.

• Hands should be washed thoroughly

after handling.

First aid: • Skin: Wash affected areas of skin with soap and water. Get medical attention if symptoms occur.

• Eyes: Flush with plenty of water for least

15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical attention if symptoms occur.

Speed limit sticker

On/Off switch

Electrical wire

Bottle holder (orange cover)

Protective hose cover

Air release knob

Hose

Bottle with sealing compound

Air pressure gauge

07 Wheels and tires

Tire Sealing System

• Inhalation: Move the person to fresh air. If irritation persists, get medical atten- tion.

NOTE

Do not break the seal on the bottle. This occurs automatically when the bottle is screwed into the holder.

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07 Wheels and tires

Tire Sealing System

Tire sealing system–temporarily repairing a flat tire

07

Temporarily repairing a flat tire is done in two stages: • Stage 1: The hole is sealed by pumping sealing compound into the tire. The car is then driven a short distance to distribute the sealing compound in the tire.

294

NOTE

WARNING

Do not remove any foreign objects (nails, etc.) from the tire before using the sealing system.

• Stage 2: The tire’s inflation pressure is

checked and adjusted if necessary.

WARNING

• Never leave the tire sealing system

unattended when it is operating.

• Keep the tire sealing system away from

children.

• Be sure the vehicle is parked safely off the road and away from moving traffic.

• Apply the parking brake.

Stage 1: Sealing the hole 1. Open the cover on the tire sealing kit. 2. Peel off the speed limit sticker and affix it to the steering wheel hub where it will be clearly visible to the driver.

3. Ensure that the on/off switch is in posi-

tion 0 (the 0 side of the switch should be pressed down).

Contact with the sealing compound may cause skin irritation. If contact occurs, wash the affected area immediately with soap and water.

4. Unscrew the orange cover over the bottle holder and unscrew the cap on the bottle of sealing compound.

NOTE

Do not break the seal on the bottle. This occurs automatically when the bottle is screwed into the holder.

5. Screw the bottle into the bottle holder.

WARNING

The bottle is equipped with a catch to keep it securely in place and help prevent sealing compound leakage. Once in place, the bot- tle cannot be unscrewed. This must be done by a trained and qualified Volvo service technician.

6. Remove the valve cap from the tire’s infla-

tion valve and screw the tire sealing sys- tem’s hose connector onto the valve as tightly as possible by hand.

7. Connect the electrical wire to the nearest

12-volt socket in the vehicle.

8. Start the vehicle’s engine.

WARNING

The vehicle´s engine should be running when the tire sealing system is used to avoid battery drain. Therefore, be sure the vehicle is parked in a well ventilated place, or out- doors, before using the system.

9. Start the tire sealing system’s compressor by pressing the on/off switch to position I.

WARNING

• Never stand next to the tire being inflated

when the compressor is in operation.

• If cracks, bubbles, etc. form on the tire, switch off the compressor immediately. • If there is visible damage to the sidewall

or the rim, the tire cannot be repaired. The vehicle should not be driven if this occurs. Contact a towing service or Volvo On Call Roadside Assistance if applicable.

NOTE

The air pressure gauge will temporarily show an increase in pressure to approxi- mately 88 psi (6 bar) while the sealing com- pound is being pumped into the tire. The pressure should return to a normal level after approximately 30 seconds.

10. Within seven minutes, inflate the tire to

between 22—44 psi (1.8—3.0 bar). Switch off the compressor briefly to get a clear reading from the pressure gauge.

CAUTION

The compressor should not be used for more than 10 minutes at a time to avoid overheating.

WARNING

If the pressure remains below 22 psi (1.8 bar) after approximately seven minutes, turn off the compressor. In this case, the hole is too large to be sealed and the vehicle should not be driven.

11. Switch off the compressor and disconnect the electrical wire from the 12-volt socket.

07 Wheels and tires

Tire Sealing System

12. Unscrew the hose from the tire’s inflation

valve and reinstall the valve cap.

13. Immediately drive the vehicle for approxi- mately 2 miles (3 km) at a maximum speed of 50 mph (80 km/h) to distribute the seal- ing compound in the tire.

CAUTION

If your vehicle is equipped with the Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS), the use of the sealing compound may lead to incorrect tire pressure readings or in rare cases, damage to the tire pressure sensor. Use the tire sealing system to check and adjust the damaged tire's inflation pressure.

NOTE

• Safely stow the tire sealing system in a convenient place as it will soon be used again to check the tire’s inflation pres- sure.

• The empty bottle of sealing compound

cannot be removed from the bottle holder. Consult a trained and qualified Volvo service technician to have the bottle removed and properly disposed of.

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07 Wheels and tires

Tire Sealing System

WARNING

If heavy vibrations, unsteady steering behavior, or noises should occur while driv- ing, reduce speed and park the vehicle in a safe place. Recheck the tire for bumps, cracks, or other visible damage, and recheck its inflation pressure. If the pressure is below 19 psi (1.3 bar), do not continue driving. Have the vehicle towed to a trained and qualified Volvo service technician.

Stage 2: Checking inflation pressure 1. Connect the tire sealing system as descri-

bed in stage 1.

2. Refer to the inflation pressure table in this chapter for the correct inflation pressure. If the tire needs to be inflated, start the tire sealing system’s compressor. If neces- sary, release air from the tire by turning the air release knob counterclockwise.

CAUTION

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The compressor should not be used for more than 10 minutes at a time to avoid overheating.

WARNING

If you interrupt your trip for more than 1
hour, check the inflation pressure in the damaged tire again before continuing.

296

Replacing the sealing compound container The sealing compound container must be replaced if: • the tire sealing system has been used to

repair a tire

• the container’s expiration date has passed

(see the date on decal).

NOTE

• After use, the sealing compound bottle,

the hose, and certain other system components must be replaced. Please consult your Volvo retailer for replace- ment parts.

• If the sealing compound bottle’s expi- ration date has passed, please take it to a Volvo retailer or a recycling station that can properly dispose of harmful substances.

Inflating tires The tire sealing system can be used to inflate the tires. To do so: 1. Park the car in a safe place. 2. The compressor should be switched off.

Ensure that the on/off switch is in position 0 (the 0 side of the switch should be pressed down).

3. Take out the electrical wire and hose. 4. Remove the valve cap from the tire’s infla-

tion valve and screw the hose connector onto the valve as tightly as possible by hand.

5. Connect the electrical wire to the nearest

12-volt socket in the vehicle.

6. Start the vehicle’s engine.

WARNING

• The vehicle’s engine should be running when the tire sealing system is used to avoid battery drain. Therefore, be sure the vehicle is parked in a well ventilated place, or outdoors, before using the sys- tem.

• Children should never be left unattended in the vehicle when the engine is running.

7. Check the tire’s inflation pressure on the

gauge. Switch off the compressor briefly to get a clear reading from the pressure gauge.

8. Refer to the tire inflation table in this chap- ter for the correct inflation pressure. If the tire needs to be inflated, start the tire seal- ing system’s compressor (press the on/off switch to position I). If necessary, release air from the tire by turning the air release knob counterclockwise.

CAUTION

The compressor should not be used for more than 10 minutes at a time to avoid overheating.

9. Turn off the compressor (press the on/off switch to position 0) when the correct infla- tion pressure has been reached.

10. Unscrew the hose from the tire’s inflation

valve and reinstall the valve cap.

11. Disconnect the electrical wire from the

12-volt socket.

07 Wheels and tires

Tire Sealing System

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07 Wheels and tires

Changing a wheel

Removing a wheel

Location of jack and tools

Spare wheel The spare wheel is only intended for temporary use. Replace it with a normal wheel as soon as possible. The car's handling may be altered by the use of the spare wheel. The correct tire pressure for the spare wheel is stated in the tire pressure table on page 283.

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WARNING

Current legislation prohibits the use of the “Temporary Spare” tire other than as a tem- porary replacement for a punctured tire. It must be replaced as soon as possible by a standard tire. Road holding and handling may be affected with the “Temporary Spare” in use.

CAUTION

The vehicle must never be driven with more than one temporary spare wheel.

The spare wheel is located in the spare wheel well with the rim side down. There are two foam blocks, one under the spare wheel and one over/inside. The upper one contains all tools. The same bolt runs through to secure the spare wheel and the foam blocks.

Taking out the spare wheel 1. Open the floor hatch. 2. Undo the retaining bolt. 3. Lift out the foam block. 4. Lift out the spare wheel. The other two blocks can remain in the spare wheel well. After use The foam block and spare wheel must be replaced in the reverse order. Note the arrow on the upper foam block. It should point for- ward.

Changing a wheel 1. Apply the parking brake and put the gear

selector in P.

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* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

2. Take out the jack*, lug wrench*, the towing

eyelet and the wheel cover removal tool* stowed under the floor of the trunk.

3. Remove the wheel cover (where applica- ble) using the removal tool or remove the wheel cover by hand.

4. Block the wheels that are on the ground

with wooden blocks or large stones.

Lug wrench and towing eyelet 5. Screw the towing eyelet into the lug wrench as shown in the illustration.

CAUTION

The towing eyelet must be screwed into the lug wrench as far as possible.

Jack attachment points 7. There are two jack attachment points on each side of the vehicle. Position the jack correctly in the attachment (see the illus- tration) and crank while simultaneously guiding the base of the jack to the ground. The base of the jack must be flat on a level, firm, non-slippery surface. Before raising the vehicle, check that the jack is still cor- rectly positioned in the attachment.

8. Raise the vehicle until the wheel to be

changed is lifted off the ground.

9. Unscrew the wheel nuts completely and

remove the wheel.

6. With the vehicle still on the ground, use the

lug wrench/towing eyelet to loosen the wheel nuts ½ – 1 turn by exerting down- ward (counterclockwise) pressure.

07 Wheels and tires

Changing a wheel

WARNING

• The jack must correctly engage the jack

attachment.

• Be sure the jack is on a firm, level, non-

slippery surface.

• Never allow any part of your body to be extended under a vehicle supported by a jack.

• Use the jack intended for the vehicle

when changing a tire. For any other job, use stands to support the vehicle.

• Apply the parking brake and put the gear selector in the Park (P) position.

• Block the wheels standing on the

ground, use rigid wooden blocks or large stones.

• The jack should be kept well-greased and clean, and should not be damaged. • No objects should be placed between

the base of jack and the ground, or between the jack and the attachment bar on the vehicle.

Re-installing the wheel 1. Clean the contact surfaces on the wheel

and hub.

2. Lift the wheel and place it on the hub.

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07 Wheels and tires

Changing a wheel

Tighten the lug nuts 3.

Install the wheel nuts and tighten hand- tight. Using the lug wrench, tighten cross- wise until all nuts are snug.

4. Lower the vehicle to the ground and alter-

nately tighten the bolts crosswise to 103 ft. lbs. (140 Nm). Install the wheel cover (where applicable). The opening in the wheel cover for the tire's inflation valve must be positioned over the valve.

5.

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07 Wheels and tires

Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)

NOTE

If a fault occurs in TPMS, the tire pressure warning light will flash for approximately 1 minute and Tire press. syst Service required will be displayed.

Each tire, including the spare (if provided), should be checked monthly when cold and inflated to the inflation pressure recommended by the vehicle manufacturer on the vehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label. (If your vehicle has tires of a different size than the size indicated on the vehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label, you should determine the proper tire inflation pressure for those tires.) As an added safety feature, your vehicle has been equipped with a tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) that illuminates a low tire pres- sure telltale when one or more of your tires is significantly under-inflated. Accordingly, when the low tire pressure telltale illuminates, you should stop and check your tires as soon as possible, and inflate them to the proper pres- sure. Driving on a significantly under-inflated tire causes the tire to overheat and can lead to tire failure. Under-inflation also reduces fuel efficiency and tire tread life, and may affect the vehicle's handling and stopping ability.

Please note that the TPMS is not a substitute for proper tire maintenance, and it is the driv- er's responsibility to maintain correct tire pres- sure, even if under-inflation has not reached the level to trigger illumination of the TPMS low tire pressure telltale. Your vehicle has also been equipped with a TPMS malfunction indicator to indicate when the system is not operating properly. The TPMS malfunction indicator is combined with the low tire pressure telltale. When the system detects a malfunction, the telltale will flash for approximately one minute and then remain continuously illuminated. This sequence will continue upon subsequent vehicle start-ups as long as the malfunction exists. When the mal- function indicator is illuminated, the system may not be able to detect or signal low tire pressure as intended. TPMS malfunctions may occur for a variety of reasons, including the installation of replacement or alternate tires or wheels on the vehicle that prevent the TPMS from functioning properly. Always check the TPMS malfunction telltale after replacing one or more tires or wheels on your vehicle to ensure that the replacement or alternate tires and wheels allow the TPMS to continue to function properly.

Introduction

NOTE

USA – FCC ID: KR5S122780002
This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the fol- lowing conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

The tire pressure monitoring system1 uses sen- sors mounted in the tire valves to check infla- tion pressure levels. When the vehicle is mov- ing at a speed of approximately 20 mph (30 km/h) or faster, these sensors transmit inflation pressure data to a receiver located in the vehicle. When low inflation pressure is detected, TPMS will light up the tire pressure warning light ) (also referred to as a telltale) in the instrument panel and will display one of the following messages in the text window: Tire pressure low or Tire needs air now.

1 Not available in all markets or in all models.

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07 Wheels and tires

Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)

NOTE

TPMS indicates low tire pressure but does not replace normal tire maintenance. For information on correct tire pressure, please refer to the tire inflation pressure table in this chapter or consult your Volvo retailer.

Erasing warning messages When a low tire pressure warning message has been displayed, and the tire pressure warning light has come on: 1. Use a tire pressure gauge to check the

inflation pressure of all four tires.

2. Re-inflate the tire(s) to the correct pressure

3.

(consult the tire pressure placard or the inflation pressure table on page 283. In certain cases, it may be necessary to drive the vehicle for several minutes at a speed of 20 mph (30 km/h) or faster. This will erase the warning text and the warning light will go out.

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WARNING

Incorrect inflation pressure could lead to tire failure, resulting in a loss of control of the vehicle.

302

Changing wheels with TPMS Please note the following when changing or replacing the factory installed TPMS wheels/ tires on the vehicle: • Only the factory-mounted wheels are

equipped with TPMS sensors in the valves. • If the vehicle is equipped with a temporary spare tire, this tire does not have a TPMS sensor.

• If wheels without TPMS sensors are moun-

ted on the vehicle, TIRE PRESS SYST SERVICE REQUIRED will be displayed each time the vehicle is driven above 25 mph (40 km/h) for 10 minutes or more. • Once TPMS sensors are properly installed, the warning message should not reappear. If the message is still displayed, drive the vehicle for several minutes at a speed of 20 mph (30 km/h) or faster to erase the message.

• Volvo recommends that TPMS sensors be

fitted on all wheels used on the vehicle. Volvo does not recommend moving sen- sors back and forth between sets of wheels.

CAUTION

When inflating tires with TPMS valves, press the pump's mouthpiece straight onto the valve to help avoid bending or otherwise damaging the valve.

NOTE

• If you change to tires with a different recommended inflation pressure, the TPMS system must be recalibrated to these tires. On U.S. models, this must be done by a trained and qualified Volvo service technician. On Canadian mod- els, see the following section "Recali- brating TPMS."

• If a tire is changed, or if the TPMS sen- sor is moved to another wheel, the sen- sor's seal, nut, and valve core should be replaced.

• When installing TPMS sensors, the vehicle must be parked for at least 15 minutes with the ignition off. If the vehicle is driven within 15 minutes, a TPMS error message will be displayed.

Recalibrating TPMS (Canadian models only) In certain cases, it may be necessary to reca- librate TPMS to conform to Volvo's recom- mended tire inflation pressures (see the infla-

07 Wheels and tires

Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)

3. Press the MY CAR key in the center con-

sole control panel and select Settings Car settings

Tire pressure

4. Select Tire pressure system ON/Off and

press OK/MENU.

tion pressure table on page 283), for example, if higher inflation pressure is necessary when transporting heavy loads, etc. This is done in the vehicle's menu system (see page 128). To recalibrate: 1. Switch off the engine. 2.

Inflate the tires to the desired pressure and put the ignition in mode I or II (see page 80 for additional information).

3. Press the MY CAR key in the center con-

sole control panel and select Settings Car settings

Tire pressure

4. Press OK/MENU, select Calibrate tire pressure and press OK/MENU again.

5. Drive the vehicle at a speed above

25 mph (40 km/h) continuously for at least 1 minute. > When the calibration message is no

longer displayed, TPMS has been reca- librated to the new inflation pressure.

Activating/deactivating TPMS (Canadian models only) 1. Switch off the engine. 2. Put the ignition in mode I or II (see page

80 for additional information).

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Volvo maintenance................................................................................ 306
Maintaining your car............................................................................. 307
Hood and engine compartment............................................................ 309
Engine oil............................................................................................... 310
Fluids..................................................................................................... 312
Replacing bulbs.................................................................................... 314
Wiper blades and washer fluid.............................................................. 321
Battery................................................................................................... 323
Fuses..................................................................................................... 326
Vehicle care........................................................................................... 334

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MAINTENANCE AND SPECIFICATIONS

08 Maintenance and specifications

Volvo maintenance

Introduction Volvo advises you to follow the maintenance program outlined in the Warranty and Service Records Information booklet. This mainte- nance program contains inspections and serv- ices necessary for the proper function of your vehicle. The maintenance services contain several checks that require special tools and training, and therefore must be performed by a qualified technician. To keep your Volvo in top condition, specify time-tested and proven Genuine Volvo Parts and Accessories.

The Federal Clean Air Act – U.S. The Federal Clean Air Act requires vehicle manufacturers to furnish written instructions to the ultimate purchaser to assure the proper servicing and function of the components that control emissions. These services, which are listed in the "Warranty and Service Records Information" booklet, are not covered by the warranty. You will be required to pay for labor and material used.

Maintenance Your Volvo passed several major inspections before it was delivered to you, in accordance with Volvo specifications. The maintenance procedures outlined in the Warranty and Serv- ice Records Information booklet, many of which will positively affect your vehicle's emis- sions, should be performed as indicated. It is

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306

recommended that receipts for vehicle emis- sion maintenance be retained in case ques- tions arise concerning maintenance. Inspec- tion and maintenance should also be per- formed anytime a malfunction is observed or suspected.

prehensive periodic maintenance schedule up to 150,000 miles (240,000 km) of vehicle main- tenance. The schedule includes components that affect vehicle emissions. This page describes some of the emission-related com- ponents.

Applicable warranties – U.S./Canada In accordance with applicable U.S. and Cana- dian regulations, the following list of warranties is provided. • New Vehicle Limited Warranty • Parts and Accessories Limited Warranty • Corrosion Protection Limited Warranty • Seat Belt and Supplemental Restraint Sys-

tems Limited Warranty

• Emission Design and Defect Warranty • Emission Performance Warranty These are the federal warranties; other warran- ties are provided as required by state/provin- cial law. Refer to your separate Warranty and Service Records Information booklet for detailed information concerning each of the warranties.

Periodic maintenance helps minimize emissions Periodic maintenance will help keep your vehi- cle running well. Your Warranty and Service Records Information booklet provides a com-

08 Maintenance and specifications

Owner maintenance Periodic maintenance requirements and inter- vals are described in your vehicle's Warranty and Service Records Information booklet. The following points can be carried out between the normally scheduled maintenance services.

Each time the car is refueled: • Check the engine oil level. • Clean the windshield, windshield wipers,

headlights, and taillights.

Monthly: • Check cold tire pressure in all tires. Inspect

the tires for wear.

• Check that engine coolant and other fluid levels are between the indicated "min" and "max" markings.

• Clean interior glass surfaces with a glass

cleaner and soft paper towels.

• Wipe driver information displays with a soft

cloth.

• Visually inspect battery terminals for cor- rosion. Corrosion may indicate a loose ter- minal connector, or a battery near the end of its useful service life. Consult your Volvo retailer for additional information.

As needed: Wash the car, including the undercarriage, to reduce wear that can be caused by a buildup of dirt, and corrosion that can be caused by salt residues. Clean leaves and twigs from air intake vents at the base of the windshield, and from other pla- ces where they may collect.

NOTE

Complete service information for qualified technicians is available online for purchase or subscription at www.volvotechinfo.com.

Hoisting the vehicle

If a garage jack is used to lift the vehicle, the two jack attachments points should be used.

Maintaining your car

They are specially reinforced to bear the weight of the vehicle. A garage jack can also be placed under the front of the engine support frame. Take care not to damage the splash guard under the engine. Ensure that the jack is posi- tioned so that the vehicle cannot slide off it. Always use axle stands or similar structures. If a two-post hoist is used to lift the vehicle, the front and rear lift arm pads should be centered under the reinforced lift plates on the inboard edge of the sill rail (see illustration).

Emission inspection readiness

What is an Onboard Diagnostic System (OBD II)? OBD II is part of your vehicle's computerized engine management system. It stores diagnos- tic information about your vehicle's emission controls. It can light the Check Engine light (MIL) if it detects an emission control "fault." A "fault" is a component or system that is not performing within an expected range. A fault may be permanent or temporary. OBD II will store a message about any fault.

How do states use OBD II for emission inspections? Many states connect a computer directly to a vehicle's OBD II system. The inspector can then read "faults." In some states, this type of

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08 Maintenance and specifications

way driving is typically needed to allow OBD II to reach readiness. Your Volvo retailer can provide you with more infor- mation on planning a trip.

• Maintain your vehicle in accordance with

your vehicle's maintenance schedule.

Maintaining your car

inspection has replaced the tailpipe emission test.

How can my vehicle fail OBD II emission inspection? Your vehicle can fail OBD II emission inspec- tion for any of the following reasons. • If your Check Engine (MIL) light is lit, your

vehicle may fail inspection.

• If your vehicle's Check Engine light was lit,

but went out without any action on your part, OBD II will still have a recorded fault. Your vehicle may pass or fail, depending on the inspection practices in your area.

• If you had recent service that required dis- connecting the battery, OBD II diagnostic information may be incomplete and "not ready" for inspection. A vehicle that is not ready may fail inspection.

How can I prepare for my next OBD II emission inspection? • If your Check Engine (MIL) light is lit – or was lit but went out without service, have your vehicle diagnosed and, if necessary, serviced by a qualified Volvo technician. • If you recently had service for a lit Check

Engine light, or if you had service that required disconnecting the battery, a period of driving is necessary to bring the OBD II system to "ready" for inspection. A half-hour trip of mixed stop-and-go/high-

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Opening and closing the hood

Engine compartment, overview

WARNING

08 Maintenance and specifications

Hood and engine compartment

The appearance of the engine compartment may vary depending on engine model.

Coolant expansion tank

Power steering fluid reservoir

Pull the lever located under the left side of the dash to release the hood lock. Lift the hood slightly. Press the release control (located under the right front edge of the hood) to the left, and lift the hood

WARNING

Check that the hood locks properly when closed.

Engine oil dipstick