2000 Honda Accord Coupe Owners Manual

With the system set, you can still open the trunk with the master key or the remote transmitter (if the transmitter is equipped with a trunk opener) without triggering the alarm. The alarm will sound if the trunk lock is forced, or the trunk is opened with the trunk release handle.

The security system will not set if the hood, trunk, or either door is not fully closed. If the system will not set, check the Door and Brake Lamp Monitor on the instrument panel (see page 56), to see if the doors and trunk are fully closed. Since it is not part of the monitor display, manually check the hood.

Do not attempt to alter this system or add other devices to it.

Comfort and Convenience Features

Table of ContentsstMain MenuBefore Driving

Before you begin driving your Honda, you should know what gasoline to use, and how to check the levels of important fluids. You also need to know how to properly store luggage or packages. The information in this section will help you. If you plan to add any accessories to your car, please read the information in this section first.

Break-in Period.............................. 160
Gasoline.......................................... 160
Service Station Procedures .......... 161
Filling the Fuel Tank................. 161
Opening the Hood..................... 162
Oil Check................................ 164
Engine Coolant Check.......... 166
Fuel Economy................................ 167
Vehicle Condition...................... 167
Driving Habits............................ 167
Accessories and Modifications.... 168
Carrying Cargo.............................. 170

Before Driving

stMain MenuBreak-in Period, Gasoline

Break-in Period Help assure your car's future reliability and performance by paying extra attention to how you drive during the first 600 miles (1,000 km). During this period:

Avoid full-throttle starts and rapid acceleration.

Avoid hard braking. New brakes need to be broken-in by moderate use for the first 200 miles (300
km).

You should follow these same re- commendations with an overhauled or exchanged engine, or when the brakes are relined.

Gasoline Your Honda is designed to operate on unleaded gasoline with a pump octane number of 86 or higher. Use of a lower octane gasoline can cause a persistent, heavy metallic rapping noise in the engine that can lead to mechanical damage.

We recommend gasolines containing detergent additives that help prevent fuel system and engine deposits.

Using gasoline containing lead will damage your car's emissions controls. This contributes to air pollution.

In Canada, some gasolines contain an octane-enhancing additive called MMT. If you use such gasolines, your emission control system performance may deteriorate and the Malfunction Indicator Lamp on your instrument panel may turn on. If this happens, contact your authorized Honda dealer for service.

Before Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuGasoline is highly flammable and explosive. You can be burned or seriously injured when handling fuel.

Stop the engine and keep heat, sparks, and flame away. Handle fuel only outdoors. Wipe up spills immediately.

Filling the Fuel Tank

Push

1. Because the fuel fill cap is on the driver's side of the car, park with that side closest to the service station pumps.

2. Open the fuel fill door by pushing

on the handle to the left of the driver's seat.

Service Station Procedures

3. Remove the fuel fill cap slowly.

You may hear a hissing sound as pressure inside the tank escapes. Place the cap in the holder on the fuel fill door.

4. Stop filling the tank after the fuel nozzle automatically clicks off. Do not try to "top off" the tank, leave some room for the fuel to expand with temperature changes.

Your car has an on-board refueling vapor recovery system to help keep fuel vapors from going into the atmosphere. If the fuel pump keeps clicking off even though the tank is not full, there may be a problem with this system. Consult your dealer.

FUEL FILL CAP

CONTINUED

Before Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuService Station Procedures

5. Screw the fuel fill cap back on, tighten it until it clicks several times. If you do not properly tighten the cap, the Malfunction Indicator Lamp may come on (see page 293).

6. Push the fuel fill door closed until

it latches.

Before Driving

Opening the Hood

HOOD RELEASE HANDLE

LATCH

1. Shift to Park or Neutral and set the parking brake. Pull the hood release handle located under the lower left corner of the dashboard. The hood will pop up slightly.

2. Standing in front of the car, put

your fingers under the front edge of the hood to the right of center. Slide your hand to the left until you feel the hood latch handle. Push this handle up until it releases the hood. Lift the hood.

Table of ContentsstMain MenuIf you can open the hood without lifting the hood latch handle, or the hood latch handle moves stiffly or does not spring back as before, the mechanism should be cleaned and lubricated (see page 233).

SUPPORT ROD

Service Station Procedures

To close the hood, lift it up slightly to remove the support rod from the hole. Put the support rod back into its holding clip. Lower the hood to about a foot (30 cm) above the fender, then let it drop. After closing the hood, make sure it is securely latched.

GRIP

4-cylinder models

3. 4-cylinder models

Pull the support rod out of its clip by holding the grip and insert the end into the hole on the front of the hood around the center.

CONTINUED

Before Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuService Station Procedures

Oil Check

DIPSTICK

DIPSTICK

6-cylinder models

4-cylinder models

6-cylinder models

Check the engine oil level every time you fill the car with fuel. Wait a few minutes after turning the engine off before you check the oil.

1. Remove the dipstick (orange

handle).

6-cylinder models Lift the hood up most of the way. The hydraulic supports will lift it up the rest of the way and hold it up.

To close the hood, lower it to about a foot (30 cm) above the fender, then press down firmly with your hands. After closing the hood, make sure it is securely latched.

Before Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuService Station Procedures

2. Wipe the dipstick with a clean

cloth or paper towel.

4-cylinder models

6-cylinder models

3. Insert it all the way back in its tube.

CONTINUED

Before Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuService Station Procedures

UPPER MARK LOWER MARK

Engine Coolant Check

RESERVE TANK

MAX

RESERVE TANK

MAX

4-cy!inder models

MIN

6-cylinder models

MIN

4. Remove the dipstick again and

check the level. It should be between the upper and lower marks.

If it is near or below the lower mark, see Adding Oil on page 212 .

Look at the coolant level in the radiator reserve tank. Make sure it is between the MAX and MIN lines. If it is below the MIN line, see Adding Engine Coolant on page 217 for information on adding the proper coolant.

Refer to Owner Maintenance Checks on page 209 for information on checking other items in your Honda.

Before Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuDriving Habits You can improve fuel economy by driving moderately. Rapid acceler- ation, abrupt cornering, and hard braking use more fuel.

Always drive in the highest gear that allows the engine to run and acceler- ate smoothly.

Depending on traffic conditions, try to maintain a constant speed. Every time you slow down and speed up, your car uses extra fuel. Use the cruise control, when appropriate, to increase fuel economy.

Fuel Economy

A cold engine uses more fuel than a warm engine. It is not necessary to "warm-up" a cold engine by letting it idle for a long time. You can drive away in about a minute, no matter how cold it is outside. The engine will warm up faster, and you get better fuel economy. To cut down on the number of "cold starts," try to combine several short trips into one.

The air conditioning puts an extra load on the engine which makes it use more fuel. Turn off the A/C to cut down on air conditioning use. Use the flow-through ventilation when the outside air temperature is moderate.

The condition of your car and your driving habits are the two most important things that affect the fuel mileage you get.

Vehicle Condition Always maintain your car according to the maintenance schedule. This will keep it in top operating condition.

An important part of that mainte- nance is the Owner Maintenance Checks (see page 209 ). For example, an underinflated tire causes more "rolling resistance," which uses fuel. It also wears out faster, so check the tire pressure at least monthly.

In winter, the build-up of snow on your car's underside adds weight and rolling resistance. Frequent cleaning helps your fuel mileage and reduces the chance of corrosion.

Before Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuAccessories and Modifications

Modifying your car, or installing some non-Honda accessories, can make your car unsafe. Before you make any modifications or add any accessories, be sure to read the following information.

Accessories Your dealer has Genuine Honda accessories that allow you to personalize your car. These accessories have been designed and approved for your car, and are covered by warranty.

Non-Honda accessories are usually designed for universal applications. Although aftermarket accessories may fit on your car, they may not meet factory specifications, and could adversely affect your car's handling and stability. (See "Modifications" on the page 169 for additional information.)

Before Driving

Improper accessories or modifications can affect your car's handling, stability and performance, and cause a crash in which you can be hurt or killed.

Follow all instructions in this owner's manual regarding accessories and modifications.

When properly installed, cellular phones, alarms, two-way radios, and low-powered audio systems should not interfere with your car's computer-controlled systems, such as the SRS and anti-lock brake system.

However, if electronic accessories are improperly installed, or exceed your car's electrical system capacity, they can interfere with the operation

of your car, or even cause the airbags to deploy.

Before installing any accessory:

Make sure the accessory does not obscure any lights, or interfere with proper car operation or performance.

Be sure electronic accessories do not overload electrical circuits (see page 296).

Have the installer contact your Honda dealer for assistance before installing any electronic accessory.

If possible, have your dealer inspect the final installation.

Table of ContentsstMain MenuAccessories and Modifications

Modifications Do not remove any original equipment or modify your car in any way that would alter its design or operation. This could make your car unsafe and illegal to drive.

In addition, any modifications that decrease ground clearance increase the chance of undercarriage parts striking a curb, speed bump, or other raised object, which could cause your airbags to deploy.

For example, do not make any modifications that would change the ride height of your car, or install wheels and tires with a different overall diameter.

Do not modify your steering wheel or any other part of your Supplemental Restraint System. Modifications could make the system ineffective.

Such modifications can adversely affect handling, and interfere with the operation of the car's anti-lock brakes and other systems.

Additional Safety Precaution

Do not attach or place objects on the airbag covers. Any object attached to or placed on the covers marked "SRS AIRBAG," in the center of the steering wheel and on top of the dashboard, could interfere with the proper operation of the airbags. Or, if the airbags inflate, the objects could be propelled inside the car and hurt someone.

Only on models equipped with side airbags

Do not attach hard objects on or near a front door. If a side airbag inflates, a cup holder or other hard object attached on or near the door could be propelled inside the car and hurt someone.

Do not place any objects over the outside edge of a front seat-back. Covering the outside edge of a front seat-back, with a non-Honda seat cover for example, could prevent the airbag from inflating properly.

Before Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuCarrying Cargo

CONSOLE COMPARTMENT

DOOR POCKET

Your car has several convenient storage areas so you can stow cargo safely.

The glove box, and the pockets in the doors and seat-backs, are designed for small, lightweight items. The trunk is intended for larger, heavier items. In addition, the back seat can be folded down to allow you to carry more cargo or longer items.

However, carrying too much cargo, or improperly storing it, can affect your car's handling, stability and operation and make it unsafe. Before carrying any type of cargo, be sure to read the following pages.

TRUNK

SEAT-BACK POCKET

GLOVE BOX

Before Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuOverloading or improper loading can affect handling and stability and cause a crash in which you can be hurt or killed.

Follow all load limits and other loading guidelines in this manual.

Load Limit The maximum load for your car is 850 1bs (395kg).

This figure includes the total weight of all occupants, cargo, accessories, and the tongue weight if you are towing a trailer.

To figure out how much cargo you can carry:

Add up the weight of all occupants.

If you are towing a trailer, add the tongue weight to the number above.

Subtract the total from 850 Ibs (395kg).

The final number is the total weight of cargo you can carry.

Carrying Cargo

Carrying Items in the Passenger Compartment

Store or secure all items that could be thrown around and hurt someone during a crash.

Do not put any items on top of the rear shelf. They can block your view and be thrown around the car during a crash.

Be sure items placed on the floor behind the front seats cannot roll under the seats and interfere with the driver's ability to operate the pedals, or with the proper operation of the seats.

Keep the glove box closed while driving. If the lid is open, a passenger could injure their knees during a crash or sudden stop.

Before Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuCargo Net On EX and EX-V6 models You can use the cargo net to secure small items in the trunk.

Carrying Cargo

Carrying Cargo in the Trunk or on a Roof Rack

Distribute cargo evenly on the floor of the trunk, placing the heaviest items on the bottom and as far forward as possible.

If you fold down the back seat, tie down items that could be thrown about the car during a crash or sudden stop.

If you carry large items that prevent you from closing the trunk lid, exhaust gas can enter the passenger area. To avoid the possibility of carbon monoxide poisoning, follow the instructions on page 49 .

If you can carry any items on a roof rack, be sure the total weight of the rack and the items does not exceed the maximum allowable weight. Please contact your Honda dealer for further information.

Before Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuThis section gives you tips on starting the engine under various conditions, and how to operate the 5-speed manual and automatic transmissions. It also includes important information on parking your car, the braking system, and facts you need if you are planning to tow a trailer.

Driving

Preparing to Drive......................... 174
Starting the Engine........................ 175

Starting in Cold Weather

at High Altitude ..................... 176
5-speed Manual Transmission..... 177
Recommended Shift Points...... 178
Engine Speed Limiter ............... 178
Automatic Transmission............... 178
Shift Lever Position Indicator ..179
Shift Lever Positions................. 179
Engine Speed Limiter ............... 182
Shift Lock Release..................... 182
Parking............................................ 184
The Braking System...................... 185
Brake Wear Indicators.............. 185
Brake System Design................ 186
Anti-lock Brakes........................ 186

Important Safety

Reminders.......................... 187
ABS Indicator......................... 187
Driving in Bad Weather................ 188
Towing a Trailer............................ 190

Driving

stMain Menu10. Turn the ignition switch ON (II). Check the indicator lights in the instrument panel.

11. Start the engine (see page 175).

12. Check the gauges and indicator

lights in the instrument panel (see page 53).

5. Check the adjustment of the seat

(see page 87).

6. Check the adjustment of the

inside and outside mirrors (see page 99).

7. Check the adjustment of the

steering wheel (see page 68).

8. Make sure the doors are securely

closed and locked.

9. Fasten your seat belt. Check that

your passengers have fastened their seat belts (see page 15 ).

Preparing to Drive

You should do the following checks and adjustments every day before you drive your car.

1. Make sure all windows, mirrors, and outside lights are clean and unobstructed. Remove frost, snow, or ice.

2. Check that the hood and trunk are

fully closed.

3. Visually check the tires. If a tire

looks low, use a gauge to check its pressure.

4. Check that any items you may be

carrying with you inside are stored properly or fastened down securely.

Driving

Table of ContentsstMain Menu1. Apply the parking brake.

2. In cold weather, turn off all

electrical accessories to reduce the drain on the battery.

3. Manual Transmission:

Push the clutch pedal down all the way. START (III) does not function unless the clutch pedal is depressed.

Automatic Transmission: Make sure the shift lever is in Park. Press on the brake pedal.

4. Without touching the accelerator pedal, turn the ignition key to the START (III) position. If the engine does not start right away, do not hold the key in START (III) for more than 15 seconds at a time. Pause for at least 10 seconds before trying again.

5. If the engine does not start within

15 seconds, or starts but stalls right away, repeat step 4 with the accelerator pedal pressed half-way down. If the engine starts, release pressure on the accelerator pedal so the engine does not race.

Starting the Engine

6. If the engine still does not start,

press the accelerator pedal all the way down and hold it there while starting in order to clear flooding. As before, keep the ignition key in the START (III) position for no more than 15 seconds. Return to step 5 if the engine does not start. If it starts, lift your foot off the accelerator pedal so the engine does not race.

Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuStarting the Engine

Starting in Cold Weather at High Altitude (Above 8,000 feet/ 2,400 meters) An engine is harder to start in cold weather. The thinner air found at high altitude above 8,000 feet (2,400
meters) adds to the problem. Use the following procedure:

3. If the engine fails to start in step 2,

push the accelerator pedal to the floor and hold it there while you try to start the engine for no more than 15 seconds. If the engine does not start, return to step 2.

1. Turn off all electrical accessories

to reduce the drain on the battery.

2. Push the accelerator pedal half- way to the floor and hold it there while starting the engine. Do not hold the ignition key in START (III) for more than 15 seconds. When the engine starts, release the accelerator pedal gradually as the engine speeds up and smooths out.

Driving

Table of ContentsstMain Menu5-speed Manual Transmission

Rapid slowing or speeding-up can cause loss of control on slippery surfaces. If you crash, you can be injured.

Use extra care when driving on slippery surfaces.

Come to a full stop before you shift into Reverse. You can damage the transmission by trying to shift into Reverse with the car moving. Push down the clutch pedal, and pause for a few seconds before shifting into Reverse, or shift into one of the forward gears for a moment. This stops the gears so they won't "grind."

When slowing down, you can get extra braking from the engine by shifting to a lower gear. This extra braking can help you maintain a safe speed and prevent your brakes from overheating while going down a steep hill. Before downshifting, make sure engine speed will not go into the tachometer's red zone in the lower gear.

Driving

The manual transmission is syn- chronized in all forward gears for smooth operation. It has a lockout so you cannot shift directly from Fifth to Reverse. When shifting up or down, make sure you push the clutch pedal down all the way, shift to the next gear, and let the pedal up gradually. When you are not shifting, do not rest your foot on the clutch pedal. This can cause your clutch to wear out faster.

Table of ContentsstMain Menu5-speed Manual Transmission, Automatic Transmission

Recommended Shift Points Drive in the highest gear that lets the engine run and accelerate smoothly. This will give you the best fuel economy and effective emis- sions control. The following shift points are recommended:

Automatic Transmission Your Honda's transmission has four forward speeds, and is electronically controlled for smoother shifting. It also has a "lock-up" torque converter for better fuel economy. You may feel what seems like another shift when the converter locks.

Engine Speed Limiter If you exceed the maximum speed for the gear you are in, the engine speed will enter into the tachometer's red zone. If this occurs, you may feel the engine cut in and out. This is caused by a limiter in the engine's computer controls. The engine will run normally when you reduce the RPM below the red zone.

Before downshifting, make sure the engine will not go into the tachometer's red zone in the lower gear.

Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuShift Lever Position Indicator

The "D4" indicator comes on for a few seconds when you turn the ignition switch ON (II). If it flashes while driving (in any shift position), it indicates a possible problem in the transmission. Avoid rapid acceler- ation and have the transmission checked by an authorized Honda dealer as soon as possible.

This indicator between the fuel gauge and temperature gauge shows which position the shift lever is in.

Automatic Transmission

Shift Lever Positions

SHIFT LEVER

RELEASE BUTTON

The shift lever has seven positions. It must be in Park or Neutral to start the engine. When you are stopped in D4, D3, 2,1, N or R, press firmly on the brake pedal, and keep your foot off the accelerator pedal.

CONTINUED

Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuAutomatic Transmission

Driving

Park (P) — This position mechani- cally locks the transmission. Use Park whenever you are turning off or starting the engine. To shift out of Park, you must press on the brake pedal and have your foot off the accelerator pedal. Press the release button on the side of the shift lever to move it.

If you have done all of the above and still cannot move the lever out of Park, see Shift Lock Release on page 183.

You must also press the release button to shift into Park. To avoid transmission damage, come to a complete stop before shifting into Park. The shift lever must be in Park before you can remove the key from the ignition switch.

Reverse (R) — To shift to Reverse from Park, see the explanation under Park. To shift to Reverse from Neutral, come to a complete stop and then shift. Press the release button before shifting into Reverse from Neutral.

Table of ContentsstMain MenuNeutral (N) — Use Neutral if you need to restart a stalled engine, or if it is necessary to stop briefly with the engine idling. Shift to Park posi- tion if you need to leave the car for any reason. Press on the brake pedal when you are moving the shift lever from Neutral to another gear.

Drive (D4) — Use this position for your normal driving. The transmis- sion automatically selects a suitable gear for your speed and acceleration. You may notice the transmission shifting up at higher speeds when the engine is cold. This helps the engine warm up faster.

Drive (D3) — This position is similar to D4, except only the first three gears are selected. Use D3 when towing a trailer in hilly terrain, or to provide engine braking when going down a steep hill. D3 can also keep the transmission from cycling between third and fourth gears in stop-and-go driving.

For faster acceleration when in D3 or D4, you can get the transmission to automatically downshift by pushing the accelerator pedal to the floor. The transmission will shift down one or two gears, depending on your speed.

Automatic Transmission

Second (2) — To shift to Second, press the release button on the side of the shift lever. This position locks the transmission in second gear. It does not downshift to first gear when you come to a stop. Second gives you more power when climbing, and increased engine braking when going down steep hills. Use second gear when starting out on a slippery surface or in deep snow. It will help reduce wheelspin.

CONTINUED

Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuAutomatic Transmission

First (1) — To shift from Second to First, press the release button on the side of the shift lever. With the lever in this position, the transmission locks in First gear. By upshifting and downshifting through 1, 2, D3 and D4, you can operate this transmission much like a manual transmission without a clutch pedal.

Engine Speed Limiter If you exceed the maximum speed for the gear you are in, the engine speed will enter into the tachometer's red zone. If this occurs, you may feel the engine cut in and out. This is caused by a limiter in the engine's computer controls. The engine will run normally when you reduce the RPM below the red zone.

Shift Lock Release This allows you to move the shift lever out of Park if the normal method of pushing on the brake pedal and pressing the release button does not work.

1. Set the Parking brake.

2. Remove the key from the ignition

switch.

Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuAutomatic Transmission

If you need to use the Shift Lock Release, it means your car is developing a problem. Have the car checked by your Honda dealer.

3. Put a cloth on the edge of the Shift

Lock Release slot cover next to the shift lever. Use a small flat-tipped screwdriver or small metal plate (neither are included in the tool kit) to remove the cover. Carefully pry off the edge of the cover.

4. Insert the key in the Shift Lock

Release slot.

5. Push down on the key while you press the release button on the shift lever and move the shift lever out of Park to Neutral.

6. Remove the key from the Shift

Lock Release slot, then reinstall the cover. Make sure the notch on the cover is on the left side. Depress the brake pedal and restart the engine.

Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuParking

Always use the parking brake when you park your car. The indicator on the instrument panel shows that the parking brake is not fully released; it does not indicate that the parking brake is firmly set. Make sure the parking brake is set firmly or your car may roll if it is parked on an incline.

If your car has an automatic transmission, set the parking brake before you put the transmission in Park. This keeps the car from moving and putting pressure on the parking mechanism in the transmission — making it easier to move the shift lever out of Park when you want to drive away.

Driving

If the car is facing uphill, turn the front wheels away from the curb. If you have a manual transmission, put it in first gear.

If the car is facing downhill, turn the front wheels toward the curb. If you have a manual transmission, put it in reverse gear.

Make sure the parking brake is fully released before driving away. Driving with the parking brake partially set can overheat or damage the rear brakes.

Parking Tips

Make sure the moonroof and the windows are closed.

Turn off the lights.

Place any packages, valuables, etc., in the trunk or take them with you.

Lock the doors.

On EX and EX-V6 models Lock the doors with the key or the remote transmitter. Check the indicator on the driver's door to verify that the security system is set.

Never park over dry leaves, tall grass, or other flammable materials. The three way catalytic converter gets very hot, and could cause these materials to catch on fire.

Table of ContentsstMain MenuYour Honda is equipped with front disc brakes. The brakes on the rear wheels may be disc or drum, depending on model. A power assist helps reduce the effort needed on the brake pedal. The ABS helps you retain steering control when braking very hard.

Put your foot on the brake pedal only when you intend to brake. Resting your foot on the pedal keeps the brakes applied lightly, causing them to build up heat. Heat build-up can reduce how well your brakes work. It also keeps your brake lights on all the time, confusing drivers behind you.

Constant application of the brakes when going down a long hill builds up heat and reduces their effective- ness. Use the engine to assist the brakes by downshifting to a lower gear and taking your foot off the accelerator pedal.

Check your brakes after driving through deep water. Apply the brakes moderately to see if they feel normal. If not, apply them gently and frequently until they do. Since a longer distance is needed to stop with wet brakes, be extra cautious and alert in your driving.

The Braking System

Brake Wear Indicators The front disc brakes on all models have audible brake wear indicators. They are also on the rear brakes of cars equipped with ABS as standard equipment. When the brake pads need replacing, you will hear a distinctive metallic "screeching" sound when you apply the brakes. If you do not have the brake pads replaced, they will begin screeching all the time.

Your brakes may sometimes squeal or squeak when you apply them lightly. Do not confuse this with the brake wear indicators. They make a very audible "screeching."

Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuThe Braking System

Brake System Design The hydraulic system that operates the brakes has two separate circuits. Each circuit works diagonally across the vehicle (the left-front brake is connected with the right-rear brake, etc.). If one circuit should develop a problem, you will still have braking at two wheels.

Front

Driving

Anti-lock Brakes The EX, LX-V6 and EX-V6 models have an Anti-lock Brake System (ABS) as standard equipment. It is optional on the U.S. LX model.

ABS helps to prevent the wheels from locking up and skidding during hard braking, allowing you to retain steering control.

When the front tires skid, you lose steering control; the car continues straight ahead even though you turn the steering wheel. The ABS helps to prevent lock-up and helps you retain steering control by pumping the brakes rapidly; much faster than a person can do it.

You should never pump the brake pedal, this defeats the purpose of the ABS. Let the ABS work for you by always keeping firm, steady pressure on the brake pedal as you steer away from the hazard. This is sometimes referred to as "stomp and steer."

You will feel a pulsation in the brake pedal when the ABS activates, and you may hear some noise. This is normal, it is the ABS rapidly pumping the brakes.

Activation varies with the amount of traction your tires have. On dry pavement, you will need to press on the brake pedal very hard before you activate the ABS. However, you may feel the ABS activate immediately if you are trying to stop on snow or ice.

Table of ContentsstMain MenuImportant Safety Reminders ABS does not reduce the time or distance it takes to stop the car, it only helps with steering control during braking. You should always maintain a safe following distance from other vehicles.

A vehicle with ABS may require a longer distance to stop on loose or uneven surfaces, such as gravel or snow, than a vehicle without anti- lock. Slow down and allow a greater distance between vehicles under those conditions.

ABS will not prevent a skid that results from changing direction abruptly, such as trying to take a corner too fast or making a sudden lane change. Always drive at a safe, prudent speed for the road and weather conditions.

ABS cannot prevent a loss of stability. Always steer moderately when you are braking hard. Severe or sharp steering wheel movement can still cause your car to veer into oncoming traffic or off the road.

The Braking System

ABS Indicator

ABS INDICATOR*

*U.S. indicator shown

The ABS is self-checking. If anything goes wrong, the ABS indicator on the instrument panel comes on (see page 55). This means the anti-lock function of the braking system has shut down. The brakes still work like a conventional system without anti- lock, providing normal stopping ability. You should have the dealer inspect your car as soon as possible.

Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuExercise extra caution when driving in rain after a long dry spell. After months of dry weather, the first rains bring oil to the surface of the roadway, making it slippery.

Driving Technique — Always drive slower than you would in dry weather. It takes your car longer to react, even in conditions that may seem just barely damp. Apply smooth, even pressure to all the controls. Abrupt steering wheel movements or sudden, hard appli- cation of the brakes can cause loss of control in wet weather. Be extra cautious for the first few miles (kilometers) of driving while you adjust to the change in driving conditions. This is especially true in snow. A person can forget some snow-driving techniques during the summer months. Practice is needed to relearn those skills.

Driving in Bad Weather

Rain, tog, and snow conditions require a different driving technique because of reduced traction and visibility. Keep your car well- maintained and exercise greater caution when you need to drive in bad weather. The cruise control should not be used in these conditions.

Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuVisibility — Being able to see clearly in all directions and being visible to other drivers are important in all weather conditions. This is more difficult in bad weather. To be seen more clearly during daylight hours, turn on your headlights.

Traction — Check your tires frequently for wear and proper pressure. Both are important in preventing "hydroplaning" (loss of traction on a wet surface). In the winter, mount snow tires on all four wheels for the best handling.

Inspect your windshield wipers and washers frequently. Keep the wind- shield washer reservoir full of the proper fluid. Have the windshield wiper blades replaced if they start to streak the windshield or leave parts unwiped. Use the defroster and air conditioning to keep the windows from fogging up on the inside (see pages 115 and 123).

Watch road conditions carefully, they can change from moment to moment. Wet leaves can be as slip- pery as ice. "Clear" roads can have patches of ice. Driving conditions can be very hazardous when the outside temperature is near freezing. The road surface can become covered with areas of water puddles mixed with areas of ice, so your traction can change without warning.

Be careful when downshifting. If traction is low, you can lock up the drive wheels for a moment and cause a skid.

Driving in Bad Weather

Be very cautious when passing, or being passed by other vehicles. The spray from large vehicles reduces your visibility, and the wind buffeting can cause you to lose control.

Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuTongue Load: The weight that the tongue of a fully-loaded trailer puts on the hitch should be approximately 10 percent of the trailer weight. Too little tongue load can make the trailer unstable and cause it to sway. Too much tongue load reduces front-tire traction and steering control.

To achieve a proper tongue load, start by loading 60 percent of the load toward the front of the trailer and 40 percent toward the rear, then readjust the load as needed.

Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR): The total weight of the vehicle, all occupants, all cargo, and the tongue load must not exceed:

(LX) 3,990 Ibs (1,810 kg) (EX) 4,035 Ibs (1,830 kg) (LX-V6, EX-V6) 4,235 Ibs (1,920 kg)

Towing a Trailer

Your Honda has been designed primarily to carry passengers and their cargo. You can use it to tow a trailer if you carefully observe the load limits, use the proper equipment, and follow the guidelines in this section.

Load Limits

Total Trailer Weight: The total weight of the trailer and everything loaded in it must not exceed 1,000 Ibs (450 kg). Towing a load that is too heavy can seriously affect your car's handling and performance. It can also damage the engine and drivetrain.

Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuExceeding load limits or improperly loading your vehicle and trailer can cause a crash in which you can be seriously injured or killed.

Check the loading of your vehicle and trailer carefully before starting to drive.

Towing a Trailer

Checking Loads The best way to confirm that vehicle and trailer weights are within limits is to have them checked at a public scale.

Using a suitable scale or a special tongue load gauge, check the tongue load the first time you set up a towing combination (a fully-loaded vehicle and trailer), then recheck the tongue load whenever the conditions change.

Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR): The total weight of the vehicle, all occupants, all cargo, and the tongue load must not exceed:

(LX) 2,160 Ibs (980 kg) (EX) 2,185 Ibs (990 kg) (LX-V6.EX-V6) 2,315 Ibs (1,050 kg) on the front axle

(LX) 1,895 Ibs (860 kg) (EX) 1,920 Ibs (870 kg) (LX-V6,EX-V6) 1,940 Ibs. (880 kg) on the rear axle

Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuHitches Any hitch used on your vehicle must be properly bolted to the underbody.

Safety Chain Always use a safety chain. Make sure that it is secured to both the trailer and hitch, and that it crosses under the tongue so it can catch the trailer if it becomes unhitched. Leave enough slack to allow the trailer to turn corners easily, but do not let the chain drag on the ground.

Towing a Trailer

Towing Equipment and Accessories Towing can require a variety of equipment, depending on the size of your trailer, how it will be used, and how much load you are towing.

Discuss your needs with your trailer sales or rental agency, and follow the guidelines in the rest of this section. Also make sure that all equipment is properly installed and that it meets federal, state, province, and local regulations.

Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuTrailer Brakes Honda recommends that any trailer having a total weight of 1,000 Ibs (450 kg) or more be equipped with its own electric or surge-type brakes.

If you choose electric brakes, be sure they are electronically actuated. Do not attempt to tap into your vehicle's hydraulic system. No matter how successful it may seem, any attempt to attach trailer brakes to your vehicle's hydraulic system will lower braking effectiveness and create a potential hazard.

Towing a Trailer

Trailer Lights

GROUND (BLACK)

BACK-UP LIGHT (GREEN/BLACK)

LEFT TURN SIGNAL (GREEN/BLUE)

RIGHT TURN SIGNAL (GREEN/YELLOW)

BRAKE LIGHT (GREEN/WHITE)

TAILLIGHT (RED/BLACK)

Your car has a trailer lighting connector located behind the left side panel in the trunk. Refer to the drawing above for the wiring color code and purpose of each pin.

Since lighting and wiring vary with trailer type and brand, you should also have a qualified technician install a suitable connector between the vehicle and the trailer.

If you use a converter, you can get the connector and pins that mate with the connector in your car from your Honda dealer.

CONTINUED

Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuYour vehicle tires and spare are properly inflated (see page 247), and the trailer tires and spare are inflated as recommended by the trailer maker.

Towing a Trailer

Additional Trailer equipment Many states and provinces require special outside mirrors when towing a trailer. Even if they don't, you should install special mirrors if you cannot clearly see behind you, or if the trailer creates a blind spot.

Ask your trailer sales or rental agency if any other items are recommended or required for your towing situation.

Driving

Pre-Tow Checklist When preparing to tow, and before driving away, be sure to check the following:

The vehicle has been properly serviced, and the tires, brakes, suspension, and cooling system are in good operating condition.

All weights and loads are within limits (see pages 190 and 191).

The hitch, safety chain, and any other attachments are secure.

All items on and in the trailer are properly secured and cannot shift while you drive.

The lights and brakes on your vehicle and the trailer are working properly.

Table of ContentsstMain MenuDriving Safely With a Trailer The added weight, length, and height of a trailer will affect your vehicle's handling and performance, so driving with a trailer requires some special driving skills and techniques.

For your safety and the safety of others, take time to practice driving maneuvers before heading for the open road, and follow the guidelines discussed below.

Towing Speeds and Gears Drive slower than normal in all driving situations, and obey posted speed limits for vehicles with trailers. If you have an automatic transmission, use the D4 position when towing a trailer on level roads. D3 is the proper shift lever position to use when towing a trailer in hilly terrain. (See "Driving on Hills" in the next column for additional gear information.)

Making Turns and Braking Make turns more slowly and wider than normal. The trailer tracks a smaller arc than your vehicle, and it can hit or run over something the vehicle misses. Allow more time and distance for braking. Do not brake or turn suddenly as this could cause the trailer to jackknife or turn over.

Driving on Hills When climbing hills, closely watch your temperature gauge. If it nears the red (Hot) mark, turn the air conditioning off, reduce speed and, if necessary, pull to the side of the road to let the engine cool.

If the automatic transmission shifts frequently between 3rd and 4th gears while going up a hill, shift to D3.

Towing a Trailer

If you must stop when facing uphill, use the foot brake or parking brake. Do not try to hold the vehicle in place by pressing on the accelerator, as this can cause the automatic transmission to overheat.

When driving down hills, reduce your speed and shift down to 2nd gear. Do not "ride" the brakes, and remember it will take longer to slow down and stop when towing a trailer.

CONTINUED

Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuParking Follow all normal precautions when parking, including firmly setting the parking brake and putting the transmission in Park (automatic) or in 1 st or Reverse (manual). Also, place wheel chocks at each of the trailer's tires.

Towing a Trailer

Handling Crosswinds and Buffeting Crosswinds and air turbulence caused by passing trucks can disrupt your steering and cause trailer swaying. When being passed by a large vehicle, keep a constant speed and steer straight ahead. Do not try to make quick steering or braking corrections.

Backing Up Always drive slowly and have someone guide you when backing up. Grip the bottom of the steering wheel; then turn the wheel to the left to get the trailer to move to the left, and turn the wheel right to move the trailer to the right.

Driving

Table of ContentsstMain MenuThis section explains why it is important to keep your car well maintained and to follow basic maintenance safety precautions.

This section also includes Maintenance Schedules for normal driving and severe driving conditions, a Maintenance Record, and instruc- tions for simple maintenance tasks you may want to take care of yourself.

If you have the skills and tools to per- form more complex maintenance tasks on your Honda, you may want to purchase the Service Manual. See page 323 for information on how to obtain a copy, or see your Honda dealer.

Maintenance Safety....................... 198
Important Safety Precautions.. 199
Maintenance Schedule.................. 200
Maintenance Record..................... 207

Owner Maintenance Checks........ 209
Fluid Locations............................... 210
Engine Oil....................................... 212
Adding Oil................................... 212
Recommended Oil..................... 212
Synthetic Oil............................... 214
Additives..................................... 214
Changing the Oil and Filter...... 214
Cooling System.............................. 217
Adding Engine Coolant............. 217
Replacing Engine Coolant........ 219
Windshield Washers..................... 224
Transmission Fluid........................ 225

Automatic

Transmission.......................... 225

5-speed Manual

Transmission.......................... 227
Brake and Clutch Fluid................. 228
Brake System............................. 228
Clutch System............................ 229
Power Steering............................... 230
Air Cleaner Element...................... 231
Hood Latch..................................... 233
Spark Plugs

(4-cylinder Models)............... 233
Replacement............................... 233

Maintenance

Specifications............................. 234

Spark Plugs

(6-cylinder Models)............... 235
Replacement............................... 235
Specifications............................. 237
Battery............................................ 238
Wiper Blades.................................. 241
Air Conditioning System............... 243
Air Conditioning Filter.................. 244
Drive Belts...................................... 244
Timing Belt..................................... 245
Tires................................................ 246
Inflation....................................... 246
Inspection................................... 247
Maintenance............................... 248
Tire Rotation.............................. 249
Replacing Tires and Wheels.... 249
Wheels and Tires....................... 250
Winter Driving........................... 250
Snow Tires.............................. 251
Tire Chains............................. 251
Lights.............................................. 252
Headlight Aiming...................... 254
Replacing Bulbs......................... 255
Storing Your Car............................ 266

Maintenance

stMain MenuMaintenance Safety

Regularly maintaining your car is the best way to protect your investment. Proper maintenance is essential to your safety and the safety of your passengers. It will also reward you with more economical, trouble-free driving and help reduce air pollution.

This section includes instructions for simple maintenance tasks, such as checking and adding oil. Any service items not detailed in this section should be performed by a Honda technician or other qualified mechanic.

Some of the most important safety precautions are given here. However, we cannot warn you of every conceivable hazard that can arise in performing maintenance. Only you can decide whether or not you should perform a given task.

Improperly maintaining this car or failing to correct a problem before driving can cause a crash in which you can be seriously hurt or killed.

Always follow the inspection and maintenance recommendations and schedules in this owner's manual.

Maintenance

Failure to properly follow maintenance instructions and precautions can cause you to be seriously hurt or killed.

Always follow the procedures and precautions in this owner's manual.

Table of ContentsstMain MenuImportant Safety Precautions Before you begin any maintenance, make sure your car is parked on level ground and that the parking brake is set. Also, be sure the engine is off. This will help to eliminate several potential hazards:

Carbon monoxide poisoning from engine exhaust. Be sure there is adequate ventilation whenever you operate the engine.

Burns from hot parts. Let the engine and exhaust system cool before touching any parts.

Injury from moving parts. Do not run the engine unless in- structed to do so.

Read the instructions before you begin, and make sure you have the tools and skills required.

To reduce the possibility of fire or explosion, be careful when working around gasoline or batteries. Use a commercially available degreaser or parts cleaner, not gasoline, to clean parts. Keep cigarettes, sparks, and flames away from the battery and all fuel-related parts.

You should wear eye protection and protective clothing when working near the battery or when using compressed air.

Maintenance Safety

Maintenance

Table of ContentsstMain MenuMaintenance Schedule

The Maintenance Schedule specifies how often you should have your car serviced and what things need attention. It is essential that you have your car serviced as scheduled to retain its high level of safety, dependability, and emissions control performance.

Maintenance

Which Schedule to Follow: Service your car according to the time and mileage periods on one of the Maintenance Schedules on the following pages. Select the schedule for "Severe Conditions" if most of your driving is done under one or more of the conditions listed on that page. Otherwise, follow the schedule for "Normal Conditions."

The services and time or distance intervals shown in the maintenance schedule assume you will use your car as normal transportation for passengers and their possessions. You should also follow these recommendations:

Avoid exceeding your car's load limit. This puts excess stress on the engine, brakes, and many other parts of your car. The load limit is shown on the label on the driver's doorjamb.

Operate your car on reasonable roads within the legal speed limit.

Drive your car regularly over a distance of several miles (kilometers).

Always use unleaded gasoline with the proper octane rating (see page 160).

Table of ContentsstMain MenuYour authorized Honda dealer knows your car best and can provide competent, efficient service. However, service at a dealer is not mandatory to keep your warranties in effect. Maintenance may be done by any qualified service facility or person who is skilled in this type of automotive service. Keep all the receipts as proof of completion, and have the person who does the work fill out the Maintenance Record. Check your warranty booklet for more information.

We recommend the use of Genuine Honda parts and fluids whenever you have maintenance done. These are manufactured to the same high- quality standards as the original components, so you can be confident of their performance and durability.

U.S. Cars: Maintenance, replacement or repair of emissions control devices and systems may be done by any automotive repair establishment or individual using parts that are "certified" to EPA standards.

Maintenance Schedule

According to state and federal regulations, failure to perform maintenance on the items marked with # will not void your emissions warranties. However, Honda recommends that all maintenance services be performed at the recommended time or mileage period to ensure long-term reliability.

Maintenance

Table of ContentsstMain MenuU.S. Owners Follow the Normal Conditions Maintenance Schedule if the severe driving conditions specified in the Severe Conditions Maintenance Schedule do not apply.

NOTE: If you only OCCASIONALLY drive under a "severe" condition, you should follow the Normal Conditions Maintenance Schedule.

Canadian Owners Follow the Maintenance Schedule for Severe Conditions.

* 1 : Balancer belt applies to 4-cylinder

models only.

# : See information on maintenance and emissions warranty, last column, page 2 0 1.

Maintenance

Table of ContentsstMain MenuService at the indicated distance or time, whichever comes first. Do the items in A, B, C as required for each distance/time interval. Follow this schedule if the severe driving conditions described in the Severe Conditions Schedule on the next page do not apply. Canadian owners: Follow the schedule for Severe Conditions.

page 249 ).

NOTE:

Check engine oil and coolant at each fuel stop. Check and adjust valve clearance, cold engine, if noisy.

* 1 : Balancer belt applies to 4-cylinder models only. # : See information on maintenance and emissions warranty, last

column, page 201.

Maintenance

Table of ContentsstMain MenuU.S. Owners Follow the Severe Conditions Maintenance Schedule if you drive your vehicle MAINLY under one or more of the following conditions:

Driving less than 5 miles (8
km) per trip or, in freezing temperatures, driving less than 10 miles (16 km) per trip. Driving in extremely hot [over 90° F (32°C] conditions. E xtensive idling or long periods of stop-and-go driving. Trailer towing, driving with a roof top carrier, or driving in mountainous conditions. Driving on muddy, dusty, or de-iced roads. *1 : Balancer belt applies to 4-cylinder

models only.

Maintenance

*2 : Refer to page 245 for replacement information under special driving conditions.

*3 : Refer to page 244 for replacement information under special driving conditions.

# : See information on maintenance and emissions warranty, last column, page 201.

Canadian Owners Follow the Maintenance Schedule for Severe Conditions.

Table of ContentsstMain MenuUse this schedule if your vehicle is MAINLY driven in any of the following Severe Conditions, or normally driven in Canada; otherwise use the Normal Schedule. Service at the indicated distance or time, whichever comes first. Do the items in A, B, C, D as required for each distance/time. Severe Conditions:

Driving less than 5 miles (8 km) per trip or, in freezing temperatures, driving less than 10 miles (16 km) per trip. Driving in extremely hot (over 90°F/32°C) conditions. Extensive idling or long periods of stop-and-go driving. Trailer towing, driving with a roof top carrier, or driving in mountainous conditions. Driving on muddy, dusty, or de-iced roads.

page 249

CONTINUED

Maintenance

Table of ContentsstMain Menudriving conditions.

*1 : Balancer belt applies to 4-cylinder models only. *2 : Refer to page 245 for replacement information under special *3 : Refer to page 244 for replacement information under special # : See information on maintenance and emissions warranty, last

driving conditions.

column, page 201.

NOTE: • Check engine oil and coolant at each fuel stop. • Check and adjust valve clearance, cold engine, if noisy.

Maintenance

Table of ContentsstMain MenuRequired Maintenance Record (for Normal and Severe Schedules)

You or the servicing dealer can record all completed maintenance here, whether you follow the schedule for normal conditions (page 202 ) or severe conditions (page 204). Keep the receipts for all work done on your vehicle.

CONTINUED

Maintenance

Table of ContentsstMain MenuRequired Maintenance Record (for Normal and Severe Schedules)

Maintenance

Table of ContentsstMain MenuYou should check the following items at the specified intervals. If you are unsure of how to perform any check, turn to the page given.

Owner Maintenance Checks

Tires — Check the tire pressure monthly. Examine the tread for wear and foreign objects. See page 246.

Lights — Check the operation of the headlights, parking lights, taillights, high-mount brake light, turn signals, brake lights, and license plate lights monthly. See page 252.

Engine oil level — Check every time you fill the fuel tank. See page 164.

Engine coolant level — Check the radiator reserve tank every time you fill the fuel tank. See page 166.

Windshield washer fluid — Check the level in the reservoir monthly. If weather conditions cause you to use the washers frequently, check the reservoir each time you stop for fuel. See page 224.

Automatic transmission — Check the fluid level monthly. See page 225.

Brakes — Check the fluid level monthly. See page 228 .

Maintenance

Table of ContentsstMain MenuFluid Locations

4-cylinder Models

BRAKE FLUID (Gray cap)

ENGINE OIL FILL CAP (Black cap)

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUID DIPSTICK (Yellow loop)

ENGINE COOLANT RESERVOIR

RADIATOR CAP

Maintenance

CLUTCH FLUID (5-speed Manual Transmission only) (Gray cap)

ENGINE OIL DIPSTICK (Orange loop)

WASHER FLUID (Blue cap)

POWER STEERING FLUID (Red cap)

Table of ContentsstMain Menu6-cylinder Models

ENGINE OIL FILL CAP (Black cap)

ENGINE OIL DIPSTICK (Orange loop)

WASHER FLUID (Blue cap)

POWER STEERING FLUID (Red cap)

Fluid Locations

BRAKE FLUID (Gray cap)

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUID DIPSTICK (Yellow loop)

ENGINE COOLANT RESERVOIR

RADIATOR CAP

Maintenance

Table of ContentsstMain MenuEngine Oil

Adding Oil

ENGINE OIL FILL GAP

ENGINE OIL FILL CAP

6-cylinder models

4-cylinder models To add oil, unscrew and remove the engine oil fill cap on top of the valve cover. Pour in the oil, and install the engine oil fill cap. Tighten it securely. Wait a few minutes and recheck the oil level. Do not fill above the upper mark; you could damage the engine.

Maintenance

Recommended Oil Oil is a major contributor to your engine's performance and longevity. Always use a premium-grade deter- gent oil. It is highly recommended that you use Genuine Honda Motor oil in your vehicle for as long as you own it.

You can determine an oil's SAE viscosity and Service Classification from the API Service label on the oil container.

A fuel-efficient oil is recommended for your Honda. This is shown on the API Service label by the words "Energy Conserving." This oil is formulated to help your engine use less fuel.

Table of ContentsstMain MenuThe API Service label also tells you the service classification of the oil. Always use an oil that is labeled "API Service SJ." This service rating may include other classifications, such as CD. These additional classifications are not a problem, as long as the label also carries the SJ classification.

API SERVICE LABEL

Engine Oil

The oil container may also display the API Certification seal. Make sure it says "For Gasoline Engines."

The SAE numbers tell you the oil's viscosity or weight. Select the oil for your car according to this chart.

API CERTIFICATION SEAL

Ambient Temperature

An oil with a viscosity of 5W-30 is preferred for improved fuel economy and year-round protection in your Honda. You may use a 10W-30 oil if the temperature in your area never goes below 20°F ( — 7°C).

Maintenance

Table of ContentsstMain MenuEngine Oil

Synthetic Oil You may use a synthetic motor oil if it meets the same requirements given for conventional motor oil: energy conserving, a service classification of SJ, and the proper weight as shown on the chart. When using synthetic oil, you must follow the oil and filter change intervals given in the maintenance schedule.

Additives Your Honda does not need any oil additives. Purchasing additives for the engine or transmission will not increase your car's performance or longevity. It only increases the cost of operating your car.

Maintenance

Changing the Oil and Filter Always change the oil and filter according to the time and distance (miles/kilometers) recommenda- tions in the maintenance schedule. The oil and filter collect contami- nants that can damage your engine if they are not removed regularly.

Changing the oil and filter requires special tools and access from underneath the car. The car should be raised on a service station-type hydraulic lift for this service. Unless you have the knowledge and proper equipment, you should have this maintenance done by a skilled mechanic.

1. Run the engine until it reaches normal operating temperature, then shut it off.

WASHER

DRAIN BOLT

4-cylinder models

2. Open the hood and remove the

engine oil fill cap. Remove the oil drain bolt and washer from the bottom of the engine. Drain the oil into an appropriate container.

Table of ContentsstMain MenuWASHER

DRAIN BOLT

OIL FILTER

OIL FILTER

Engine Oil

6-cylinder models

4-cylinder models

6-cylinder models

3. Remove the oil filter and let the

remaining oil drain. A special wrench (available from your Honda dealer) is required to remove the filter.