2008 Ford F 150 Owners Manual

GCWR (Gross Combined Weight Rating) – is the maximum allowable weight of the vehicle and the loaded trailer – including all cargo and passengers – that the vehicle can handle without risking damage. (Important: The towing vehicle’s braking system is rated for operation at GVWR, not at GCWR.) Separate functional brakes should be used for safe control of towed vehicles and for trailers where the GCW of the towing vehicle plus the trailer exceed the GVWR of the towing vehicle. The GCW must never exceed the GCWR. Maximum Loaded Trailer Weight – is the highest possible weight of a fully loaded trailer the vehicle can tow. It assumes a vehicle with only mandatory options, no cargo (internal or external), a tongue load of

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10–15% (conventional trailer) or king pin weight of 15–25% (fifth wheel trailer), and driver only (150 lb. [68 kg]). Consult your authorized dealer (or the RV and Trailer Towing Guide provided by your authorized dealer) for more detailed information. Tongue Load or Fifth Wheel King Pin Weight – refers to the amount of the weight that a trailer pushes down on a trailer hitch. Examples: For a 5,000 lb. (2,268 kg) conventional trailer, multiply 5,000
by 0.10 and 0.15 to obtain a proper tongue load range of 500 to 750 lb. (227 to 340 kg). For an 11,500 lb. (5,216 kg) fifth wheel trailer, multiply by 0.15 and 0.25 to obtain a proper king pin load range of 1,725 to 2,875 lb. (782 to 1,304 kg)

Do not exceed the GVWR or the GAWR specified on the Safety Compliance Certification Label.

Do not use replacement tires with lower load carrying capacities than the original tires because they may lower the vehicle’s

GVWR and GAWR limitations. Replacement tires with a higher limit than the original tires do not increase the GVWR and GAWR limitations.

Exceeding any vehicle weight rating limitation could result in serious damage to the vehicle and/or personal injury.

Steps for determining the correct load limit: 1. Locate the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lb.” on your vehicle’s placard. 2. Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that will be riding in your vehicle. 3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver and passengers from XXX kg or XXX lb. 4. The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity. For example, if the “XXX” amount equals 1,400 lb. and there will be five 150 lb. passengers in your vehicle, the amount of available cargo and luggage load capacity is 650 lb. (1400-750 (5 x 150) = 650 lb.). In metric units (635-340 (5 x 68) = 295 kg.) 5. Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4.

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6. If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle. Consult this manual to determine how this reduces the available cargo and luggage load capacity of your vehicle. The following gives you a few examples on how to calculate the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity: • Another example for your vehicle with 1,400 lb. (635 kg) of cargo and luggage capacity. You decide to go golfing. Is there enough load capacity to carry you, 4 of your friends and all the golf bags? You and four friends average 220 lb. (99 kg) each and the golf bags weigh approximately 30 lb. (13.5 kg) each. The calculation would be: 1400 - (5 x 220) - (5 x 30) = 1400 - 1100 - 150 = 150 lb. Yes, you have enough load capacity in your vehicle to transport four friends and your golf bags. In metric units, the calculation would be: 635 kg - (5 x 99 kg) - (5 x 13.5 kg) = 635 - 495 - 67.5 = 72.5 kg.

• A final example for your vehicle with 1,400 lb. (635 kg) of cargo and luggage capacity. You and one of your friends decide to pick up cement from the local home improvement store to finish that patio you have been planning for the past 2 years. Measuring the inside of the vehicle with the rear seat folded down, you have room for 12-100 lb. (45 kg) bags of cement. Do you have enough load capacity to transport the cement to your home? If you and your friend each weigh 220 lb. (99 kg), the calculation would be: 1400 - (2 x 220) - (12 x 100) = 1400 - 440 - 1200 = - 240 lb. No, you do not have enough cargo capacity to carry that much weight. In metric units, the calculation would be: 635 kg - (2 x 99 kg) - (12 x 45 kg) = 635 - 198 - 540 = -103 kg. You will need to reduce the load weight by at least 240 lb. (104 kg). If you remove 3-100 lb. (45 kg) cement bags, then the load calculation would be: 1400 - (2 x 220) - (9 x 100) = 1400 - 440 - 900 = 60 lb. Now you have the load capacity to transport the cement and your friend home. In metric units, the calculation would be: 635 kg - (2 x 99 kg) - (9 x 45 kg) = 635 - 198 - 405 = 32 kg.

The above calculations also assume that the loads are positioned in your vehicle in a manner that does not overload the Front or the Rear Gross Axle Weight Rating specified for your vehicle on the Safety Compliance Certification Label found on the edge of the driver’s door.

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Special loading instructions for owners of pickup trucks and utility-type vehicles

For important information regarding safe operation of this type of vehicle, see the Preparing to drive your vehicle section in

the Driving chapter of this Owner’s Guide.

Loaded vehicles may handle differently than unloaded vehicles. Extra precautions, such as slower speeds and increased stopping

distance, should be taken when driving a heavily loaded vehicle.

Your vehicle can haul more cargo and people than most passenger cars. Depending upon the type and placement of the load, hauling cargo and people may raise the center of gravity of the vehicle.

TRAILER TOWING Your vehicle may tow a class I, II, III or IV trailer provided the maximum trailer weight is less than or equal to the maximum trailer weight listed for your engine and rear axle ratio on the following charts. If your vehicle is not equipped with a heavy-duty trailer towing package, the maximum weight your vehicle can tow is limited to 5,000 lb. (2,268 kg) Your vehicle’s load capacity is designated by weight, not by volume, so you cannot necessarily use all available space when loading a vehicle. Towing a trailer places an additional load on your vehicle’s engine, transmission, axle, brakes, tires and suspension. Inspect these components carefully periodically during, and after any towing operation. Exceeding the maximum GCWR could result in extensive damage to your vehicle and personal injury.

Do not exceed the GVWR or the GAWR specified on the certification label.

Towing trailers beyond the maximum recommended gross trailer weight exceeds the limit of the vehicle and could result in

engine damage, transmission damage, structural damage, loss of vehicle control, vehicle rollover and personal injury.

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Regular Cab 4x2 (126” wheelbase)

Engine

Rear axle ratio

Maximum

GCWR-lb. (kg)

Maximum

trailer

weight-lb. (kg)

4.2L (with

manual

transmission)

4.2L (with automatic

transmission)

4.6L 4.6L 5.4L 5.4L

3.31

3.55

3.55

3.73

3.55
3.73
3.55
3.73

7200 (3266)

2400 (1089)

8500 (3856)

3700 (1678)

10000 (4536)

5200 (2359)

10500 (4763)

5700 (2585)

11500 (5216) 12000 (5443) 13000 (5897) 13500 (6123)

6600 (2993) 7100 (3220) 8000 (3628) 8500 (3855)

Regular Cab 4x2 (145” wheelbase)

Engine

Rear axle ratio

Maximum

GCWR-lb. (kg)

Maximum

trailer

weight-lb. (kg)

3.31

3.55

3.55

3.73

3.55
3.73
3.55
3.73
4.10

4.10

7200 (3266)

2300 (1043)

8500 (3856)

3600 (1633)

10000 (4536)

5100 (2313)

10500 (4763)

5600 (2540)

11700 (5307) 12200 (5534) 14000 (6350) 15000 (6804) 16400 (7439)

6700 (3039) 7200 (3266) 8900 (4037) 9800 (4445) 11000 (4989)

15800 (7167)

10400 (4717)

4.2L (with

manual

transmission)

4.2L (with automatic

transmission)

4.6L 4.6L 5.4L 5.4L

5.4L (Heavy Duty – XL) 5.4L (Heavy Duty – XLT)

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Regular Cab 4x4 (126” wheelbase)

Engine

Rear axle ratio

Maximum

Regular Cab 4x4 (145” wheelbase)

Engine

Rear axle ratio

Maximum

GCWR-lb. (kg)

11500 (5216) 12000 (5443) 13000 (5897)

Maximum

trailer

weight-lb. (kg)

6300 (2857) 6800 (3084) 7700 (3492)

12500 (5670)

7200 (3266)

13500 (6123)

8200 (3719)

13000 (5897)

7700 (3492)

GCWR-lb. (kg)

11700 (5307) 12200 (5534) 14000 (6350)

Maximum

trailer

weight-lb. (kg)

6400 (2903) 6900 (3130) 8600 (3901)

13500 (6123)

8100 (3674)

15000 (6804)

9500 (4309)

14500 (6577)

9000 (4082)

15300 (6940)

9500 (4309)

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4.6L 4.6L

5.4L (with 17”

tires)

5.4L (with 18”

tires)

5.4L (with 17”

tires)

5.4L (with 18”

tires)

3.55
3.73
3.55

3.55

3.73

3.73

4.6L 4.6L

5.4L (with 17”

tires)

5.4L (with 18” or 20” tires) 5.4L (with 17”

tires)

5.4L (with 18” or 20” tires) 5.4L (Heavy

Duty)

3.55
3.73
3.55

3.55

3.73

3.73

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Tires, Wheels and Loading

Engine

SuperCab 4x2 (133” wheelbase) Rear axle ratio

Maximum

GCWR-lb. (kg)

Maximum

trailer

weight-lb. (kg)

4.6L (with 17”

tires)

4.6L (with 18”

tires)

4.6L (with 17”

tires)

4.6L (with 18”

tires)

5.4L (with 17”

tires)

5.4L (with 18”

tires)

5.4L (with 17”

tires)

5.4L (with 18”

tires)

3.55

3.55

3.73

3.73

3.55

3.55

3.73

3.73

11500 (5216)

6400 (2903)

11000 (4989)

5900 (2676)

12000 (5443)

6900 (3130)

11500 (5216)

6400 (2903)

13000 (5897)

7700 (3493)

12500 (5670)

7200 (3266)

13500 (6123)

8200 (3719)

13000 (5897)

7700 (3493)

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Engine

SuperCab 4x2 (145” wheelbase) Rear axle ratio

Maximum

GCWR-lb. (kg)

Maximum

trailer

weight-lb. (kg)

4.6L (with 17”

tires)

4.6L (with 18”

tires)

4.6L (with 17”

tires)

4.6L (with 18” or 20” tires) 5.4L (with 17”

tires)

5.4L (with 18” or 20” tires) 5.4L (with 17”

tires)

5.4L (with 18”or

20” tires)

3.55

3.55

3.73

3.73

3.55

3.55

3.73

3.73

11700 (5307)

6500 (2948)

11200 (5081)

6000 (2722)

12200 (5534)

7000 (3175)

11700 (5307)

6500 (2948)

14000 (6350)

8700 (3946)

13500 (6123)

8200 (3719)

15000 (6804)

9500 (4309)

14500 (6577)

9000 (4082)

Engine

SuperCab 4x2 (163” wheelbase) Rear axle ratio

Maximum

GCWR-kg (lb.)

Maximum

trailer

weight-kg (lb.)

5.4L (Heavy

Duty)

4.10

15300 (6940)

9500 (4309)

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Engine

SuperCab 4x4 (133” wheelbase) Rear axle ratio

Maximum

GCWR-lb. (kg)

Maximum

trailer

weight-lb. (kg)

4.6L (with 17”

tires)

4.6L (with 18”

tires)

4.6L (with 17”

tires)

4.6L (with 18”

tires)

5.4L (with 17”

tires)

5.4L (with 18”

tires)

5.4L (with 17”

tires)

5.4L (with 18”

tires)

3.55

3.55

3.73

3.73

3.55

3.55

3.73

3.73

11500 (5216)

6100 (2767)

11000 (4990)

5600 (2540)

12000 (5443)

6600 (2994)

11500 (5216)

6100 (2767)

13000 (5897)

7400 (3356)

12500 (5670)

6900 (3130)

13500 (6123)

7900 (3583)

13000 (5897)

7400 (3356)

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Engine

SuperCab 4x4 (145” wheelbase) Rear axle ratio

Maximum

GCWR-lb. (kg)

Maximum

trailer

weight-lb. (kg)

4.6L (with 17”

tires)

4.6L (with 18”

tires)

4.6L (with 17”

tires)

4.6L (with 18”

tires)

5.4L (with 17”

tires)

5.4L (with 18” or 20” tires) 5.4L (with 17”

tires)

5.4L (with 18” or 20” tires)

3.55

3.55

3.73

3.73

3.55

3.55

3.73

3.73

11700 (5307)

6200 (2812)

11200 (5080)

5700 (2585)

12200 (5534)

6700 (3039)

11700 (5307)

6200 (2812)

14000 (6350)

8400 (3810)

13500 (6123)

7900 (3583)

15000 (6804)

9400 (4624)

14500 (6577)

8900 (4037)

Engine

SuperCab 4x4 (163” wheelbase) Rear axle ratio

Maximum

GCWR-lb. (kg)

Maximum

trailer

weight-lb. (kg)

5.4L (Heavy

Duty)

4.10

15300 (6940)

9300 (4218)

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Engine

Crew Cab 4x2 (139” wheelbase) Rear axle ratio

Maximum

GCWR-lb. (kg)

Maximum

trailer

weight-lb. (kg)

4.6L (with 17”

tires)

4.6L (with 18”

tires)

4.6L (with 17”

tires)

4.6L (with 18” or 20” tires) 5.4L (with 17”

tires)

5.4L (with 18” or 20” tires) 5.4L (with 17”

tires)

5.4L (with 18” or 20” tires)

3.55

3.55

3.73

3.73

3.55

3.55

3.73

3.73

11700 (5307)

6400 (2903)

11200 (5080)

5900 (2676)

12200 (5534)

6900 (3130)

11700 (5307)

6400 (2903)

14000 (6350)

8600 (3901)

13500 (6123)

8100 (3674)

15000 (6804)

9500 (4309)

14500 (6577)

9000 (4082)

Crew Cab 4x2 (139” wheelbase) Harley-Davidson & Limited

Engine

Rear axle ratio

Maximum

GCWR-lb. (kg)

Versions

Maximum

trailer

weight-lb. (kg)

5.4L

3.73

11000 (4990)

5300 (2404)

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Engine

Crew Cab 4x4 (139” wheelbase) Rear axle ratio

Maximum

GCWR-lb. (kg)

Maximum

trailer

weight-lb. (kg)

4.6L (with 17”

tires)

4.6L (with 18”

tires)

5.4L (with 17”

tires)

5.4L (with 18” or 20” tires) 5.4L (with 17”

tires)

5.4L (with 18” or 20” tires)

3.73

3.73

3.55

3.55

3.73

3.73

12200 (5534)

6600 (2994)

11700 (5307)

6100 (2767)

14000 (6350)

8300 (3765)

13500 (6123)

7800 (3538)

15000 (6804)

9300 (4445)

14500 (6577)

8800 (3992)

Crew Cab 4x4 (139” wheelbase) Harley-Davidson & Limited

Engine

Rear axle ratio

Maximum

GCWR-lb. (kg)

Versions

Maximum

trailer

weight-lb. (kg)

5.4L

3.73

11000 (4990)

5100 (2313)

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Engine

Crew Cab 4x2 (151” wheelbase) Rear axle ratio

Maximum

GCWR-lb. (kg)

Maximum

trailer

weight-lb. (kg)

4.6L (with 17”

tires)

4.6L (with 18”

tires)

4.6L (with 17”

tires)

4.6L (with 18” or 20” tires) 5.4L (with 17”

tires)

5.4L (with 18” or 20” tires) 5.4L (with 17”

tires)

5.4L (with 18” or 20” tires)

3.55

3.55

3.73

3.73

3.55

3.55

3.73

3.73

11700 (5307)

6300 (2858)

11200 (5080)

5800 (2631)

12200 (5534)

6800 (3084)

11700 (5307)

6300 (2858)

14000 (6350)

8500 (3855)

13500 (6123)

8000 (3629)

15000 (6804)

9500 (4309)

14500 (6577)

9000 (4082)

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Engine

Crew Cab 4x4 (151” wheelbase) Rear axle ratio

Maximum

GCWR-lb. (kg)

Maximum

trailer

weight-lb. (kg)

4.6L (with 17”

tires)

4.6L (with 18”

tires)

5.4L (with 17”

tires)

5.4L (with 18” or 20” tires) 5.4L (with 17”

tires)

5.4L (with 18” or 20” tires)

3.73

3.73

3.55

3.55

3.73

3.73

12200 (5534)

6600 (2994)

11700 (5307)

6100 (2767)

14000 (6350)

8200 (3719)

13500 (6123)

7700 (3493)

15000 (6804)

9200 (4173)

14500 (6577)

8700 (3946)

Trailer frontal area considerations: • Not to exceed towing vehicle frontal area without Class IV trailer • Not to exceed 60 square feet (5.52 square meters) with Class IV

towing package

trailer towing package

Note: Do not exceed trailer weight of 5,000 lb (2268 kg) when towing with bumper only.

Preparing to tow Use the proper equipment for towing a trailer and make sure it is properly attached to your vehicle. See your authorized dealer or a reliable trailer dealer if you require assistance.

Hitches Do not use hitches that clamp onto the vehicle’s bumper or attach to the axle. You must distribute the load in your trailer so that 10%–15% of the total weight of the trailer is on the tongue.

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Weight distributing hitch When hooking up a trailer using a load equalizing hitch, always use the following procedure: 1. Park the unloaded vehicle on a level surface. With the ignition on and all doors closed, allow the vehicle to stand for several minutes so that it can level. 2. Measure the height of a reference point on the front and rear bumpers at the center of the vehicle. 3. Attach the trailer to the vehicle and adjust the hitch equalizers so that the front bumper height is within 1⁄2” (13 mm) of the reference point. After proper adjustment, the rear bumper should be no higher than in Step 2. Note: Adjusting a weight distributing hitch so the rear bumper of the vehicle is higher than it was unloaded will defeat the function of the weight distributing hitch and may cause unpredictable handling.

Safety chains Always connect the trailer’s safety chains to the frame or hook retainers of the vehicle hitch. To connect the trailer’s safety chains, cross the chains under the trailer tongue and allow slack for turning corners. If you use a rental trailer, follow the instructions that the rental agency gives to you. Do not attach safety chains to the bumper.

Trailer brakes Electric brakes and manual, automatic or surge-type trailer brakes are safe if installed properly and adjusted to the manufacturer’s specifications. The trailer brakes must meet local and Federal regulations.

Do not connect a trailer’s hydraulic brake system directly to your vehicle’s brake system. Your vehicle may not have enough

braking power and your chances of having a collision greatly increase.

The braking system of the tow vehicle is rated for operation at the GVWR not GCWR.

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Trailer lamps Trailer lamps are required on most towed vehicles. Make sure all running lights, brake lights, turn signals and hazard lights are working. See your authorized dealer or trailer rental agency for proper instructions and equipment for hooking up trailer lamps.

Using a step bumper (if equipped) The rear bumper is equipped with an integral hitch and only requires a ball with a one inch (25.4 mm) shank diameter. The bumper has a 5,000 lb. (2,270 kg) trailer weight and 500 lb. (227 kg) tongue weight capacity. If it is necessary to relocate the trailer hitch ball position, a frame-mounted trailer hitch must be installed.

Driving while you tow When towing a trailer: • To ensure proper “break-in” of powertrain components, do not trailer • To ensure proper “break-in” of powertrain components during the first

tow during the first 1,000 miles (1600 km) of a new vehicle.

500 miles (800 km) of trailer towing, drive no faster than 70 mph (112 km/h) with no full throttle starts.

• Turn off the speed control. The speed control may shut off automatically when you are towing on long, steep grades. • Consult your local motor vehicle speed regulations for towing a trailer. • To eliminate excessive shifting, use a lower gear. This will also assist in transmission cooling. (For additional information, refer to Understanding the gearshift positions of the 4–speed automatic transmission in the Driving chapter. • Anticipate stops and brake gradually. • Do not exceed the GCWR rating or transmission damage may occur. Servicing after towing If you tow a trailer for long distances, your vehicle will require more frequent service intervals. Refer to your scheduled maintenance information for more information.

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Trailer towing tips • Practice turning, stopping and backing up before starting on a trip to get the feel of the vehicle trailer combination. When turning, make wider turns so the trailer wheels will clear curbs and other obstacles.

• Allow more distance for stopping with a trailer attached. • The trailer tongue weight should be 10–15% of the loaded trailer • If you will be towing a trailer frequently in hot weather, hilly

weight.

conditions, at GCWR, or any combination of these factors, consider refilling your rear axle with synthetic gear lube if not already so equipped. Refer to the Maintenance and specifications chapter for the lubricant specification. Remember that regardless of the rear axle lube used, do not tow a trailer for the first 1,000 miles (1600 km) of a new vehicle, and that the first 500 miles (800 km) of towing be done at no faster than 70 mph (112 km/h) with no full throttle starts. • After you have traveled 50 miles (80 km), thoroughly check your • To aid in engine/transmission cooling and A/C efficiency during hot weather while stopped in traffic, place the gearshift lever in P (Park) (automatic transmission) or N (Neutral) (manual transmissions). • Vehicles with trailers should not be parked on a grade. If you must

hitch, electrical connections and trailer wheel lug nuts.

park on a grade, place wheel chocks under the trailer’s wheels.

Launching or retrieving a boat Disconnect the wiring to the trailer before backing the trailer into the water. Reconnect the wiring to the trailer after the trailer is removed from the water. When backing down a ramp during boat launching or retrieval: • do not allow the static water level to rise above the bottom edge of • do not allow waves to break higher than 6 inches (15 cm) above the

the rear bumper.

bottom edge of the rear bumper.

Exceeding these limits may allow water to enter vehicle components: • causing internal damage to the components. • affecting driveability, emissions and reliability. Replace the rear axle lubricant any time the axle has been submerged in water. Rear axle lubricant quantities are not to be checked or changed unless a leak is suspected or repair required.

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RECREATIONAL TOWING Follow these guidelines if you have a need for recreational (RV) towing. An example of recreational towing would be towing your vehicle behind a motorhome. These guidelines are designed to ensure that your transmission is not damaged.

Transmission

Drivetrain

configuration

Requirements for

RV towing

Manual Automatic Automatic

Automatic

4x2

Cannot be RV towed

4x4 with manual-shift

transfer case

4x4 with

electronic-shift transfer case

Transmission in

Neutral; Transfer case

in N (Neutral)1

Cannot be RV towed

All-Wheel-Drive

Automatic (Harley-Davidson) 1To ensure the transfer case is in 2WD, turn the ignition key on, then shift to 2WD. The 4x4 HIGH light or 4x4 LOW light should not be illuminated in the instrument cluster; if either one is illuminated, the transfer case is not in 2WD.

Cannot be RV towed

(AWD)

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Driving

STARTING

Positions of the ignition 1. OFF/LOCK, locks the steering wheel, automatic transmission gearshift lever and allows key removal. Note: The ignition key cannot be removed from the ignition unless the gearshift lever is securely latched in P (Park). 2. ACCESSORY, allows the electrical accessories such as the radio to operate while the engine is not running. 3. ON, all electrical circuits operational. Warning lights illuminated. Key position when driving. 4. START, cranks the engine. Release the key as soon as the engine starts.

Preparing to start your vehicle Engine starting is controlled by the powertrain control system. This system meets all Canadian Interference-Causing Equipment standard requirements regulating the impulse electrical field strength of radio noise. When starting a fuel-injected engine, don’t press the accelerator before or during starting. Only use the accelerator when you have difficulty starting the engine. For more information on starting the vehicle, refer to Starting the engine in this chapter.

Extended idling at high engine speeds can produce very high temperatures in the engine and exhaust system, creating the risk

of fire or other damage.

Do not park, idle, or drive your vehicle in dry grass or other dry ground cover. The emission system heats up the engine

compartment and exhaust system, which can start a fire.

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Do not start your vehicle in a closed garage or in other enclosed areas. Exhaust fumes can be toxic. Always open the garage door before you start the engine. See Guarding against exhaust fumes in this chapter for more instructions.

If you smell exhaust fumes inside your vehicle, have your dealer inspect your vehicle immediately. Do not drive if you smell

exhaust fumes.

Important safety precautions A computer system controls the engine’s idle revolutions per minute (RPM). When the engine starts, the idle RPM runs higher than normal in order to warm the engine. If the engine idle speed does not slow down automatically, have the vehicle checked. If the vehicle is operated in a heavy snow storm or blowing snow conditions, the engine air induction may become partially clogged with snow and/or ice. If this occurs the engine may experience a significant reduction in power output. At the earliest opportunity, clear all snow and/or ice away from the air induction inlet. Do not allow the vehicle to idle for more than 10 minutes at the higher engine RPM. Before starting the vehicle: 1. Make sure all vehicle occupants have buckled their safety belts. For more information on safety belts and their proper usage, refer to the Seating and Safety Restraints chapter. 2. Make sure the headlamps and vehicle accessories are off. If starting a vehicle with an automatic transmission: • Make sure the gearshift is in

P (Park).

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Driving • Make sure the parking brake is

set.

BRAKE

If starting a vehicle with a manual transmission: • Make sure the parking brake is • Push the clutch pedal to the floor

set.

3. Turn the key to 3 (ON) without turning the key to 4 (START).

Some warning lights will briefly illuminate. See Warning lights and chimes in the Instrument Cluster chapter for more information regarding the warning lights.

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Starting the engine 1. Turn the key to 3 (ON) without turning the key to 4 (START). If there is difficulty in turning the key, rotate the steering wheel until the key turns freely. 2. Turn the key to 4 (START), then release the key as soon as the engine starts.

Note: If the engine does not start on the first try, turn the key to OFF, wait 10 seconds and try again. If the engine still fails to start, press and hold the accelerator to the floor and try again; this will allow the engine to crank with the fuel shut off in case the engine is flooded with fuel. If your vehicle has an automatic transmission, it will have a computer assisted cranking system. This feature assists in starting the engine. If the ignition key is turned to 4 (START) and then released when the engine begins cranking, the engine may continue cranking for up to 10 seconds or until the vehicle starts.

Cold weather starting (flexible fuel vehicles only) As the outside temperature approaches freezing, ethanol fuel distributors should supply winter grade ethanol (same as with unleaded gasoline). If summer grade ethanol is used in cold weather conditions, 0°F to 32°F (-18°C to 0°C), you may experience increased cranking times, rough idle or hesitation until the engine has warmed up. The starting characteristics of all grades of E85 ethanol make it unsuitable for use when ambient temperatures fall below 0°F (-18°C). Consult your fuel distributor for the availability of winter grade ethanol. You may experience a decrease in peak performance when the engine is cold when operating on E85 ethanol. Do not crank the engine for more than 30 seconds at a time as starter damage may occur. If the engine fails to start, turn the key to OFF and wait 30 seconds before trying again. Do not use starting fluid such as ether in the air intake system. Such fluid could cause immediate explosive damage to the engine and possible personal injury. If you should experience cold weather starting problems on E85 ethanol, and neither an alternative brand of E85 ethanol nor an engine block

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heater is available, the addition of unleaded gasoline to your tank will improve cold starting performance. Your vehicle is designed to operate on E85 ethanol alone, unleaded gasoline alone, or any mixture of the two. See Choosing the right fuel in the Maintenance and Specifications chapter for more information on ethanol.

If the engine fails to start using the preceding instructions (flexible fuel vehicles only) 1. Press and hold down the accelerator 1/3 to 1/2 way to floor, then crank the engine. 2. When the engine starts, release the key, then gradually release the accelerator pedal as the engine speeds up. If the engine still fails to start, repeat Step 1.

Guarding against exhaust fumes Carbon monoxide is present in exhaust fumes. Take precautions to avoid its dangerous effects.

If you smell exhaust fumes inside your vehicle, have your dealer inspect your vehicle immediately. Do not drive if you smell

exhaust fumes.

Important ventilating information If the engine is idling while the vehicle is stopped for a long period of time, open the windows at least one inch (2.5 cm) or adjust the heating or air conditioning to bring in fresh air.

ENGINE BLOCK HEATER (IF EQUIPPED) An engine block heater warms the engine coolant which aids in starting and allows the heater/defroster system to respond quickly. If your vehicle is equipped with this system, your equipment includes a heater element which is installed in your engine block and a wire harness which allows the user to connect the system to a grounded 120 volt a/c electrical source. The block heater system is most effective when outdoor temperatures reach below 0°F (-17°C). For flexible fuel vehicles, if operating with E85 ethanol, an engine block heater must be used if ambient temperature is below 0°F (-18°C). See Cold weather starting in the Driving chapter for more information on starting with ethanol.

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Failure to follow engine block heater instructions could result in property damage or physical injury.

To reduce the risk of electrical shock, do not use your heater with ungrounded electrical systems or two-pronged (cheater)

adapters.

Prior to using the engine block heater, follow these recommendations for proper and safe operation: • For your safety, use an outdoor extension cord that is product certified by Underwriter’s laboratory (UL ) or Canadian Standards Association (CSA). Use only an extension cord that can be used outdoors, in cold temperatures, and is clearly marked ⬙Suitable for Use with Outdoor Appliances.⬙ Never use an indoor extension cord outdoors; it could result in an electric shock or fire hazard.

• Use a 16 gauge outdoor extension cord, minimum. • Use as short an extension cord as possible. • Do not use multiple extension cords. Instead, use one extension cord which is long enough to reach from the engine block heater cord to the outlet without stretching. • Make certain that the extension cord is in excellent condition (not patched or spliced). Store your extension cord indoors at temperatures above 32°F (0°C). Outdoor conditions can deteriorate extension cords over a period of time. • To reduce the risk of electrical shock, do not use your heater with ungrounded electrical systems or two pronged (cheater) adapters. Also ensure that the block heater, especially the cord, is in good condition before use.

• Make sure that when in operation, the extension cord plug /engine block heater cord plug connection is free and clear of water in order to prevent possible shock or fire. • Be sure that areas where the vehicle is parked are clean and clear of all combustibles such as petroleum products, dust, rags, paper and similar items.

• Be sure that the engine block heater, heater cord and extension cord are solidly connected. A poor connection can cause the cord to become very hot and may result in an electrical shock or fire. Be sure to check for heat anywhere in the electrical hookup once the system has been operating for approximately a half hour.

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Driving • Finally, have the engine block heater system checked during your fall

tune-up to be sure it’s in good working order.

How to use the engine block heater Ensure the receptacle terminals are clean and dry prior to use. To clean them, use a dry cloth. Depending on the type of factory installed equipment, your engine block heater system may consume anywhere between 400 watts or 1000 watts of energy per hour. Your factory installed block heater system does not have a thermostat; however, maximum temperature is attained after approximately 3 hours of operation. Block heater operation longer than 3 hours will not improve system performance and will unnecessarily use additional electricity. Make sure system is unplugged and properly stowed before driving the vehicle. While not in use, make sure the protective cover seals the prongs of the engine block heater cord plug.

BRAKES Occasional brake noise is normal. If a metal-to-metal, continuous grinding or continuous squeal sound is present, the brake linings may be worn-out and should be inspected by an authorized dealer. If the vehicle has continuous vibration or shudder in the steering wheel while braking, the vehicle should be inspected by an authorized dealer. Refer to Brake system warning light in the Instrument Cluster chapter for information on the brake system warning light. Base, Base with Tachometer and Family Carrier instrument cluster

BRAKE

Mid, Luxury, Limited and Harley-Davidson instrument cluster

BRAKE

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Four-wheel anti-lock brake system (ABS) Your vehicle is equipped with an Anti-lock Braking System (ABS). This system helps you maintain steering control during emergency stops by keeping the brakes from locking. Noise from the ABS pump motor and brake pedal pulsation may be observed during ABS braking and the brake pedal may suddenly travel a little farther as soon as ABS braking is done and normal brake operation resumes. These are normal characteristics of the ABS and should be no reason for concern. Using ABS When hard braking is required, apply continuous force on the brake pedal; do not pump the brake pedal since this will reduce the effectiveness of the ABS and will increase your vehicle’s stopping distance. The ABS will be activated immediately, allowing you to retain steering control during hard braking and on slippery surfaces. However, the ABS does not decrease stopping distance. ABS warning lamp The ABS lamp in the instrument cluster momentarily illuminates when the ignition is turned on. If the light does not illuminate during start up, remains on or flashes, the ABS may be disabled and may need to be serviced. Even when the ABS is disabled, normal braking is still effective. If your BRAKE warning lamp illuminates with the parking brake released, have your brake system serviced immediately. Base, Base with Tachometer and Family Carrier instrument cluster

ABS

BRAKE

Mid, Luxury, Limited and Harley-Davidson instrument cluster

BRAKE

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Parking brake To set the parking brake (1), press the parking brake pedal down until the pedal stops.

The BRAKE warning lamp will illuminate and will remain illuminated until the parking brake is released. Base, Base with Tachometer and Family Carrier instrument cluster

BRAKE

Mid, Luxury, Limited and Harley-Davidson instrument cluster

To release, pull the lever (2).

BRAKE

Always set the parking brake fully and make sure that the gearshift is securely latched in P (Park) (automatic

transmission) or in 1 (First) (manual transmission).

TRACTION CONTROL™ (IF EQUIPPED) Your vehicle may be equipped with a Traction Control™ system. This system helps you maintain the stability and steerability of your vehicle, especially on slippery road surfaces such as snow- or ice-covered roads and gravel roads. The system will allow your vehicle to make better use of available traction in these conditions.

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During Traction Control™ operation, the traction control active light will illuminate and the engine will not “rev-up” when you push further on the accelerator. This is normal system behavior and should be no reason for concern.

Aggressive driving in any road conditions can cause you to lose control of your vehicle increasing the risk of severe personal injury or property damage. The occurrence of a Traction Control™ event is an indication that at least some of the tires have exceeded their ability to grip the road; this may lead to an increased risk of loss of vehicle control, vehicle rollover, personal injury and death. If you experience a severe road event, SLOW DOWN.

The Traction Control™ switch, located on the center console, has an indicator light that illuminates when the system is off. The Traction Control™ system will automatically turn on every time the ignition is turned off and on. The Traction Control™ system should normally be left on. If you should become stuck in snow or ice or on a very slippery road surface, try switching the Traction Control™ system off. This may allow excess wheel spin to “dig” the vehicle out and enable a successful “rocking” maneuver. Remember to switch the Traction Control™ system back on once the vehicle is no longer stuck. If a system fault is detected, the traction control active light will illuminate, the Traction Control™ button will not turn the system on or off and your vehicle should be serviced by an authorized dealer.

STEERING To help prevent damage to the power steering system: • Never hold the steering wheel at its furthest turning points (until it stops) for more than a few seconds when the engine is running. • Do not operate the vehicle with a low power steering fluid level

(below the MIN mark on the reservoir).

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Driving • Some noise is normal during operation. If the noise is excessive, check

for a low power steering fluid level before seeking service by your authorized dealer. • Heavy or uneven steering efforts may be caused by a low power

steering fluid level. Check for a low power steering fluid level before seeking service by your authorized dealer. • Do not fill the power steering fluid reservoir above the MAX mark on

the reservoir.

If the power steering system breaks down (or if the engine is turned off), you can steer the vehicle manually, but it takes more effort. If the steering wanders or pulls, check for: • an improperly inflated tire • uneven tire wear • loose or worn suspension components • loose or worn steering components • improper steering alignment A high crown in the road or high crosswinds may also make the steering seem to wander/pull.

TRACTION-LOK AXLE (IF EQUIPPED) This axle provides added traction on slippery surfaces, particularly when one wheel is on a poor traction surface. Under normal conditions, the Traction-Lok axle functions like a standard rear axle. The axle may exhibit a slight noise or vibration in tight turns with low vehicle speed. This is normal behavior and indicates the axle is working.

PREPARING TO DRIVE

Utility vehicles have a significantly higher rollover rate than other types of vehicles.

In a rollover crash, an unbelted person is significantly more likely to die than a person wearing a seat belt.

Utility vehicles and trucks have larger tires and increased ground clearance, giving the vehicle a higher center of gravity than a passenger car.

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Vehicles with a higher center of gravity such as utility vehicles and trucks handle differently than vehicles with a lower center

of gravity. Utility vehicles and trucks are not designed for cornering at speeds as high as passenger cars any more than low-slung sports cars are designed to perform satisfactorily under off-road conditions. Avoid sharp turns, excessive speed or abrupt maneuvers in these vehicles. Failure to drive cautiously could result in an increased risk of loss of vehicle control, vehicle rollover, personal injury and death.

Loaded vehicles, with a higher center of gravity, may handle differently than unloaded vehicles. Do not overload your vehicle and use extra precautions, such as driving at slower speeds, avoiding abrupt steering changes and allowing for increased stopping distance, when driving a heavily loaded vehicle. Over-loading or loading the vehicle improperly can deteriorate handling capability and contribute to loss of vehicle control and vehicle rollover.

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION OPERATION

Brake-shift interlock - column-shift transmission This vehicle is equipped with a park/brake-shift interlock feature that prevents the gearshift lever from being moved from P (Park) when the ignition is in the ON position unless the brake pedal is depressed. If you cannot move the gearshift lever out of P (Park) with ignition in the ON position and the brake pedal depressed, it is possible that a fuse has blown or the vehicle’s brakelamps are not operating properly. Refer to Fuses and relays in the Roadside Emergencies chapter. If the fuse is not blown, perform the following procedure: 1. Apply the parking brake, turn the ignition to OFF/LOCK, then remove the key.

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2. Locate the round access plug on the underside of the steering column cover.

3. Remove the access plug using a flat head screwdriver, then push the override button using a flat head screwdriver, apply the brake pedal and shift the transmission into N (Neutral). 4. Reinstall the access plug cover, start the vehicle and release the parking brake.

Do not drive your vehicle until you verify that the brakelamps are working.

Always set the parking brake fully and make sure the gearshift is latched in P (Park). Turn the ignition to the OFF/LOCK position

and remove the key whenever you leave your vehicle.

If the parking brake is fully released, but the brake warning lamp remains illuminated, the brakes may not be working properly.

See your authorized dealer.

Brake-shift interlock - floor-shift transmission This vehicle is equipped with a brake-shift interlock feature that prevents the gearshift lever from being moved from P (Park) when the ignition is in the ON position unless the brake pedal is depressed. If you cannot move the gearshift lever out of P (Park) with ignition in the ON position and the brake pedal depressed, it is possible that a fuse has blown or the vehicle’s brakelamps are not operating properly. Refer to Fuses and relays in the Roadside Emergencies chapter. If the fuse is not blown, perform the following procedure: 1. Apply the parking brake, turn the ignition to LOCK, then remove the key.

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2. Open the center console bin. Using a screwdriver, carefully pry off the console finish panel surrounding the shifter mechanism by inserting a screwdriver into the latch slot as shown. 3. Remove console finish panel assembly to expose the inside of the gearshift.

4. Press and hold the white button located along side the shifter housing assembly (as shown in the illustration). Press the gearshift lever release on the shifter knob and move the gearshift lever back to N (Neutral) (two places rearward from P [Park]). 5. Start the vehicle and release the parking brake.

Do not drive your vehicle until you verify that the brakelamps are working.

Always set the parking brake fully and make sure the gearshift is latched in P (Park). Turn the ignition to the LOCK position and

remove the key whenever you leave your vehicle.

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If the parking brake is fully released, but the brake warning lamp remains illuminated, the brakes may not be working properly.

See your authorized dealer.

Understanding the gearshift positions of the 4–speed automatic transmission

Your vehicle’s automatic transmission is equipped with a special shift strategy that ensures maximum heater performance during cold weather operation. When ambient temperature is 23°F (–5°C) or below and the engine coolant temperature is below 100°F (38°C), light throttle upshifts may be slightly delayed. Once the engine coolant temperature reaches 160°F (71°C) the normal shift strategy will resume. This is normal operation and will not affect the function or the durability of the transmission. If the normal shift strategy does not resume once the engine coolant temperature reaches the normal operating temperature, or if the downshifts and other throttle conditions do not function normally, see your authorized dealer as soon as possible. P (Park) This position locks the transmission and prevents the rear wheels from turning. To put your vehicle in gear: • Start the engine • Depress the brake pedal • Move the gearshift lever into the desired gear • Release the parking brake. 272

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To put your vehicle in P (Park): • Come to a complete stop • Move the gearshift lever and securely latch it in P (Park)

Always set the parking brake fully and make sure the gearshift is latched in P (Park). Turn the ignition to the LOCK position and

remove the key whenever you leave your vehicle.

R (Reverse) With the gearshift lever in R (Reverse), the vehicle will move backward. Always come to a complete stop before shifting into and out of R (Reverse). N (Neutral) With the gearshift lever in N (Neutral), the vehicle can be started and is free to roll. Hold the brake pedal down while in this position. D (Overdrive) The normal driving position for the best fuel economy. Transmission operates in gears one through four.

R N D 2 1

O/D

Overdrive can be deactivated by pressing the transmission control switch on the end of the gearshift lever (column-shift transmission) or on the gearshift bezel (floor-shift transmission). • Column-shift transmission

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Driving • Floor-shift transmission

The transmission control indicator (TCIL) will illuminate on the instrument cluster.

O/D OFF

Drive (not shown) Drive is activated when the transmission control switch is pressed. • This position allows for all forward gears except overdrive. • O/D OFF lamp is illuminated. • Provides engine braking. • Use when driving conditions cause excessive shifting from O/D to other gears. Examples: city traffic, hilly terrain, heavy loads, trailer towing and when engine braking is required. • To return to O/D (Overdrive), press the transmission control switch. • O/D (Overdrive) is automatically returned each time the key is turned

The O/D OFF lamp will not be illuminated.

off.

2 (Second) This position allows for second gear only. • Provides engine braking. • Use to start-up on slippery roads. • To return to D (Overdrive), move the gearshift lever into the • Selecting 2 (Second) at higher speeds will cause the transmission to

D (Overdrive) position.

downshift to second gear at the appropriate vehicle speed.

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1 (First) • Provides maximum engine braking. • Allows upshifts by moving gearshift lever. • Will not downshift into 1 (First) at high speeds; allows for 1 (First)

when vehicle reaches slower speeds. Forced downshifts • Allowed in D (Overdrive) or Drive. • Depress the accelerator to the floor. • Allows transmission to select an appropriate gear. If your vehicle gets stuck in mud or snow If your vehicle gets stuck in mud or snow, it may be rocked out by shifting between forward and reverse gears, stopping between shifts in a steady pattern. Press lightly on the accelerator in each gear. Do not rock the vehicle if the engine is not at normal operating temperature or damage to the transmission may occur. Do not rock the vehicle for more than a minute or damage to the transmission and tires may occur, or the engine may overheat.

MANUAL TRANSMISSION OPERATION (IF EQUIPPED)

Using the clutch The manual transmission has a starter interlock that prevents cranking the engine unless the clutch pedal is fully depressed. To start the vehicle: 1. Make sure the parking brake is fully set. 2. Press the clutch pedal to the floor, then put the gearshift lever in the neutral position. 3. Start the engine. 4. Press the brake pedal and move the gearshift lever to the desired gear; 1 (First) or R (Reverse).

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5. Release the parking brake, then slowly release the clutch pedal while slowly pressing on the accelerator. During each shift, the clutch pedal must be fully depressed to the floor. Make sure the floor mat is properly positioned so it doesn’t interfere with the full extension of the clutch pedal. Failure to fully depress the clutch pedal to the floor may cause increased shift efforts, prematurely wear transmission components or damage the transmission. Do not drive with your foot resting on the clutch pedal or use the clutch pedal to hold your vehicle at a standstill while waiting on a hill. These actions will reduce the life of the clutch.

Recommended shift speeds Upshift and downshift according to the following charts for your specific engine/drivetrain combination:

Upshifts when accelerating

(recommended for best fuel economy)

Shift from:

Transfer case position (if equipped)

1 - 2
2 - 3
3 - 4

4 - D (Overdrive)

2H or 4H

15 mph (24 km/h) 25 mph (40 km/h) 37 mph (60 km/h) 45 mph (72 km/h)

4L

9 mph (14 km/h) 12 mph (19 km/h) 15 mph (24 km/h) 18 mph (29 km/h)

Upshifts when cruising (recommended for best fuel economy)

Shift from:

Transfer case position (if equipped)

1 - 2
2 - 3
3 - 4

4 - D (Overdrive)

2H or 4H

11 mph (18 km/h) 21 mph (34 km/h) 31 mph (50 km/h) 43 mph (69 km/h)

4L

5 mph (8 km/h) 11 mph (18 km/h) 14 mph (23 km/h) 17 mph (27 km/h)

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Maximum downshift speeds1

Shift from:

Transfer case position (if equipped)

D (Overdrive) - 4

4 - 3
3 - 2
2 - 1

2H or 4H

55 mph (89 km/h) 45 mph (72 km/h) 35 mph (56 km/h) 20 mph (32 km/h)

4L

21 mph (34 km/h) 17 mph (27 km/h) 13 mph (21 km/h) 7 mph (11 km/h)

1Downshift at lower speeds when driving on slippery surfaces. Reverse 1. Make sure that your vehicle is at a complete stop before you shift into R (Reverse). Failure to do so may damage the transmission. 2. Move the gearshift lever into the neutral position and wait at least three seconds before shifting into R (Reverse). • The gearshift lever can only be moved into R (Reverse) by moving it from left of 3 (Third) and 4 (Fourth) before shifting into R (Reverse). This is a lockout feature that protects the transmission from accidentally being shifted into R (Reverse) from 5 (Overdrive).

Parking your vehicle 1. Apply the brake and shift into the neutral position. 2. Fully apply the parking brake, then shift into 1 (First). 3. Turn the ignition off.

Do not park your vehicle in Neutral, it may move unexpectedly and injure someone. Use 1 (First) gear and set the parking brake

fully.