1997 Ford Escort Owners Manual

3. Block the wheels to prevent the vehicle from moving unexpectedly.

126

Maintenance and care

Workingwiththeengineon 1. Set the parking brake and make sure that the gearshift is securely latched in P (automatic transaxle), or N (manual transaxle). 2. Do not work on a vehicle in an enclosed space with the engine running.

127

Maintenance and care

3. Block the wheels to prevent the vehicle from moving unexpectedly. 4. If work must be done with the engine running, avoid wearing loose clothing or jewelry that could get caught in moving parts. Take appropriate precautions with long hair.

Opening the hood 1. Inside the vehicle, pull the hood release handle located under the bottom left corner of the instrument panel. 2. Outside the vehicle, release the auxiliary latch located under the center of the hood. 3. Lift the hood and secure it in the open position with the prop rod. 4. To close the hood, remove the prop rod and shut so that the auxiliary latch is closed. After closing the hood, try to lift it to be sure that it is closed securely.

128

1/2

FUEL FILL

50 60 70

40

80

100

120

60

30

20

40

20

0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0

80

90

140

100

160

180

110

OFF

XXX

XXXX

MIRROR

RPM x 1000

O F FM I S T I N T

RESET

SET(cid:13) ACC

SET

AM(cid:13) FM

SCAN

EJ

SEEK(cid:13) TUNE

TUNE(cid:13) DISCS(cid:13)

VOL–(cid:13) PUSH ON

TAPE(cid:13) CD

REW

FF

BASS

TREB

–

BAL

FADE

1(cid:13)

SIDE 1-2

5(cid:13)

1(cid:13)

COMP

SIDE 1-2

LO

HI

OFF

*A/C *MAX(cid:13) A/C

(cid:13) IDENTIFYING COMPONENTS IN THE ENGINE COMPARTMENT

1. Engine oil dipstick 2. Engine oil filler cap 3. Brake fluid reservoir 4. Windshield washer fluid 5. Coolant reservoir 6. Steering fluid reservoir 7. Automatic transmission dipstick 8. Battery 9. Air filter assembly

Maintenance and care

129

Maintenance and care

CHECKING AND ADDING ENGINE OIL Use SAE 5W-30 motor oil CERTIFIED FOR GASOLINE ENGINES by the American Petroleum Institute. Look for the certification — Ford specification WSS-M2C153-F. Additional engine oil additives, oil treatments, or engine treatments are never needed and could, under certain conditions, lead to engine damage which is not covered by your Warranty.

Changing the engine oil and oil filter Change the engine oil and oil filter per the following, whichever occurs first.

5,000 MILES (8,000 KM) OR 6 MONTHS

NORMAL SCHEDULE

3,000 MILES (5,000 KM) OR 3 MONTHS

SEVERE DUTY SCHEDULE

EXTENSIVE IDLING TRAILER TOWING

DRIVING IN SEVERE DUST POLICE, TAXI, OR DELIVERY

Oilchangeintervals Refer to the Service Guide booklet for additional information.

Checking the engine oil Check the engine oil every time you fuel your vehicle.

130

Maintenance and care

To check the engine oil, follow these steps: 1. Once the engine is warm, turn the engine off. Make sure the vehicle is parked on level ground. 2. Automatic transaxle: † Engage the parking brake. † Place the gearshift in P. † Engage the parking brake. † Depress the clutch and place

Manual transaxle:

the gearshift in first gear.

3. Open the hood. If you need assistance, refer to Opening the Hood in this chapter. Protect yourself from engine heat. 4. Remove the engine oil dipstick and wipe it clean. Insert the dipstick fully, then remove it again. The oil level should be in the range shown on the dipstick. 5. Carefully pull the dipstick out again. If the oil level is below the ADD arrow, add engine oil as necessary. If the engine oil is beyond the FULL arrow, engine damage or high oil consumption may occur and some oil must be removed from the engine. 6. Put the dipstick back and ensure that it is properly seated.

ADD

FULL

131

Maintenance and care

Addingengine oil 1. Check the engine oil. For instructions, refer to Checking the engine oil in this chapter. 2. If the fluid level is not within the normal range, add engine oil by removing the engine oil filler cap and pouring in oil. 3. Confirm that the oil level is full, but be careful not to overfill the engine.

Continuous contact with USED motor oil has

caused cancer in laboratory rats.

132

Maintenance and care

MAX

MIN

CHECKING AND ADDING BRAKE FLUID Brake fluid should be checked and refilled as needed at least once a year: † Clean the reservoir cap before removal to prevent dirt or water from entering the reservoir. † Visually inspect the fluid level. † If necessary, add brake fluid until the level reaches MAX. † Use only a DOT 3 brake fluid

certified to meet Ford specifications. Refer to Lubricant specifications in the Capacities and specifications chapter.

Brake fluid is toxic.

If you use brake fluid that is not DOT 3, you will

cause permanent damage.

Do not let the reservoir in the master cylinder run dry. This may cause the brakes to fail.

133

Maintenance and care

CHECKING AND ADDING MANUAL TRANSAXLE CLUTCH FLUID The brake fluid reservoir and clutch master cylinder are part of the same unit; both are refillable through the brake fluid reservoir with brake fluid. During normal operation, the fluid level in the brake fluid reservoir will rise slowly. For more information on brake fluid maintenance, refer to Checking and adding brake fluid in this chapter.

CHECKING AND ADDING WASHER FLUID

What you should know about washer fluid In freezing weather (temperatures below 0°C [32°F], washer fluid containing a small amount of antifreeze is used. State or local regulations on volatile organic compounds may restrict the use of methanol, a common type of antifreeze. Use a non-methanol antifreeze in freezing weather only if the fluid does not damage the paint finish, wiper blades, or washer system.

Washer fluid contains methanol and is poisonous.

Follow all instructions on the bottle of washer fluid.

134

Maintenance and care

Washer fluid for the windshield reservoir The vehicle’s windshield washer fluid reservoir is located on the passenger side of the engine compartment. If washer fluid needs to be added to the reservoir: † Lift the windshield reservoir † Add enough washer fluid to fill

cover.

the reservoir.

Washer fluid for the liftgate (if equipped) The wagon’s rear reservoir is located on the passenger side of the storage compartment. Remove the access cover to locate the washer reservoir cap. The reservoir must be filled slowly to allow trapped air to escape.

135

Maintenance and care

ADDING ENGINE COOLANT

Be careful not to add engine coolant to the

windshield washer fluid reservoir. If sprayed on the windshield, engine coolant could make it difficult to see through the windshield.

When the engine is cool, add a 50/50 mixture of engine coolant and water to the engine coolant recovery reservoir — DO NOT ADD DIRECTLY TO THE RADIATOR. Add straight water only in an emergency, but you should replace it with a 50/50
mixture of coolant and distilled water as soon as possible. Check the coolant level in the coolant recovery reservoir the next few times you drive the vehicle. If necessary, add enough of a 50/50
mixture of coolant and water to bring the liquid level to the fill line on the reservoir.

Never remove the coolant recovery cap while the

engine is running or hot. If you must remove the coolant recovery cap, follow these steps to avoid personal injury caused by escaping steam or engine coolant:

1. Before you remove the cap, turn the engine off and let it cool.

136

2. When the engine is cool, wrap a thick cloth around the cap and turn it slowly, counterclockwise to the first stop. 3. Step back while the pressure releases. 4. When you are sure that all the pressure has been released, use the cloth to press the cap down, turn it counterclockwise, and remove it.

Use Ford Premium Engine Coolant E2FZ-19549-AA (in Canada, Motorcraft CXC-8-B) or an equivalent premium engine coolant that meets Ford Specification ESE-M97B44-A. Ford Premium Engine Coolant is an optimized formula that will protect all metals and rubber elastomers used in Ford cooling systems for 4 years or 50,000 miles (80,000 km). Do not use alcohol or methanol antifreeze or any engine coolants mixed with alcohol or methanol antifreeze. Do not use supplemental coolant additives in your vehicle. These additives may harm your engine cooling system. The use of an improper coolant may void the warranty of your vehicle’s engine cooling system.

Recycled Engine Coolant Ford Motor Company recommends that Ford and Lincoln-Mercury dealers use recycled engine coolant produced by Ford-approved processes. Not all coolant recycling processes

Maintenance and care

137

Maintenance and care

produce coolant which meets Ford specification ESE-M97B44-A, and use of such coolant may harm engine and cooling system components. Always dispose of used automotive fluids in a responsible manner. Follow your community’s regulations and standards for recycling and disposing of automotive fluids.

Coolant Refill Capacity To find out how much fluid your vehicle’s cooling system can hold, see Refill capacities for fluids in the Index. Have your dealer check the engine cooling system for leaks if you have to add more than a quart (liter) of engine coolant per month.

Severe Winter Climate If you drive in extremely cold climates (less than -34°F [-36°C]), it may be necessary to increase the coolant concentration above 50%. Refer to the chart on the coolant container to ensure the coolant concentration in your vehicle is such that the coolant will not freeze at the temperature level in which you drive during winter months. Never increase the engine coolant concentration above 60%. Leave a 50/50 mixture of engine coolant and water in your vehicle year-round in non-extreme climates.

138

Maintenance and care

ON II

III

ACC

CHECKING AND ADDING POWER STEERING FLUID Check the power steering fluid at least twice a year by completing the following steps: 1. Start the engine. 2. When the engine coolant temperature gauge reaches the normal zone, turn off the engine. 3. Visually inspect the fluid level in the power steering reservoir. 4. If necessary, add power steering fluid until the fluid level reaches MAX. Do not overfill the power steering reservoir. † As a maintenance precaution, visually inspect the lines and hoses of the power steering system for leaks and damage.

† If new fluid is frequently

required, consult a qualified service technician.

CHECKING AND ADDING TRANSAXLE FLUID

Checking and adding automatic transaxle fluid Check the automatic transaxle fluid according to the owner maintenance checks in the Service Guide.

139

Maintenance and care

It is best to check the transaxle fluid level at the normal operating temperature, after approximately 35 km (20 miles) of driving. If the transaxle fluid level must be checked under different circumstances, make sure the outside temperature is above 10 °C (50 °F) to obtain an accurate fluid level check. Checkingtheautomatic transaxlefluid 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface. 2. With the vehicle running and the brake pedal depressed, move the gearshift through each of the gear ranges, allowing each gear to engage.

ACC

ON II

III

3. Move the gearshift to P.

140

Maintenance and care

4 Set the parking brake. 5. Remove the dipstick and wipe it with a clean, dry rag. 6. Install the dipstick. 7. Remove the dipstick and inspect the fluid level.

Your vehicle should not be driven if the fluid level is

below the bottom hole in the dipstick and outside temperatures are above 10 °C (50 °F).

Whenaddingautomatic transaxlefluid: † Ensure that the correct type is added. For automatic transaxle fluid specifications, refer to Capacities and specifications in this chapter.

20°C

65°C

65°C (149°F) 20°C 68°F) FAOZ

141

Maintenance and care † Add the fluid in 250 ml (1⁄2 pint)

increments through the filler tube. Do not overfill the automatic transaxle fluid reservoir. If this occurs, the excess fluid should be removed by a qualified technician.

Always dispose of used

automotive fluids in a responsible manner. Follow your community’s standards for disposing of these types of fluids. Call your local recycling center to find out more about recycling automotive fluids.

Checking and adding manual transaxle fluid For information on checking and adding manual transaxle fluid, refer to Checking and adding clutch fluid in this section.

WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT YOUR BATTERY If the original equipment maintenance-free battery needs replacing, it may be replaced with a low-maintenance battery. For information on appropriate replacement batteries, refer to Motorcraft part numbers in the Capacities and specifications chapter.

142

Maintenance and care

Batteries normally produce explosive gases that can

cause personal injury. Do not allow flames, sparks, or lit smoking materials to come near the battery. When charging or working near a battery, always cover your face, protect your eyes, and provide ventilation.

Batteries contain sulfuric acid that can burn skin,

eyes, and clothing.

Applying too much pressure on the ends when lifting a battery could cause acid to spill. Lift the battery with a carrier or with your hands on opposite corners.

Servicing your battery The low-maintenance battery has removable vent caps for checking the electrolyte level and adding water. Check the electrolyte level every 24 months or 40, 000 km (24, 000 miles) in average temperatures below 32 °C (90 °F). Keep the electrolyte level in each cell up to the level indicator. Do not overfill.

143

Maintenance and care

If the electrolyte level becomes low, refill the battery with distilled water. If necessary, distilled water may be substituted with tap water that is not hard and does not have a high mineral or alkali content. If the battery needs water quite often, have the charging system checked for a possible malfunction. Your vehicle is equipped with a battery saver control feature designed to prevent your battery from accidental wear down due to doors left ajar. For information on the system and how it works, see Interior overhead lamp in this chapter. Because your vehicle’s engine is electronically controlled, some control conditions are maintained by power from the battery. When the battery is disconnected or a new battery is installed, the computer must “relearn” its idle conditions before your vehicle will drive properly. To begin this process: 1. Put the gearshift in P (automatic transaxle) or N (manual transaxle). 2. Turn off all accessories and start the vehicle. 3. Let the engine idle for at least one minute. 4. The relearning process will automatically complete as you drive the vehicle. † If you do not allow the engine to relearn its idle, the idle quality

144

Maintenance and care

of your vehicle may be adversely affected until the idle is eventually relearned. † If the battery has been

disconnected or a new battery has been installed, the clock and preset radio stations must be reset once the battery is reconnected. † Always dispose of used automotive batteries in a responsible manner. Follow your community’s standards for disposal. Call your local recycling center to find out more about recycling automotive batteries.

CHECKING AND CHANGING YOUR AIR FILTER If the vehicle is operated in very dusty or sandy areas, replace the filter more often than the recommended intervals.

Do not drive without an air filter; this could result in

excessive engine wear.

145

Maintenance and care

Changing your air filter 1. Unlock the clamp that holds the engine air cleaner assembly in place by releasing the clamp locking clip on the front portion of the assembly. † The clamp will spring open and remain attached to the left side of the assembly.

2. Swing the left side of the assembly open. 3. Remove the air filter element from the open end of the engine air cleaner assembly and replace it with a new element. † When replacing the element, be sure to align the nubs on both the air cleaner element and the open end of the air cleaner assembly. If these nubs are not aligned, the new element will not fit properly within the assembly and the assembly may malfunction.

4. Swing the left side of the assembly closed and secure the locking clamp.

CHECKING AND CHANGING YOUR WIPER BLADES Check the windshield wiper blades at least twice a year; also check them whenever the wipers seem less effective than usual. Substances such as tree sap and some hot wax treatments used by commercial car washes can reduce the effectiveness of wiper blades.

146

Maintenance and care

To make reaching the wiper blades easy, simply turn the ignition to the ON position and turn the wipers on. Wait for them to reach a vertical position and turn the ignition to LOCK. Do not move the wipers manually across the windshield, this may cause damage to the wipers. Inspect the wiper arm pivots on a regular basis to ensure that the wiper arms move freely. Lubricate the pivot points as necessary.

Replacing wiper blades If the wiper blades do not work properly after cleaning, replacement of the blade assembly or the blade element may be necessary. There are three different lengths of wiper blades on your vehicle. The driver side wiper blade is 51
cm (20 in) long, and the passenger side wiper blade is 44.5 cm (17.5
in) long, and the rear window wiper is 35 cm (13.75 in) long. Ensure that you install the correct length wiper blade in the correct location. To replace the wiper blades:

147

Maintenance and care

1. Pull the wiper arm away from the windshield and lock into the service position. 2. Turn the blade at an angle from the wiper arm. Push the lock pin with a screwdriver to release the blade and pull the wiper blade down toward the windshield to remove it from the arm. 3. Attach the new wiper to the wiper arm and press it into place until a click is heard.

WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT TIRE GRADES The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) requires Ford to give its customers the following tire information:

Treadwear The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a specified government test course. For example, a tire graded 150
would wear 11⁄2 times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual conditions of their use, however, and may depart significantly from the norm due to variations in driving habits, service practices, and differences in road characteristics and climate.

148

Traction A B C The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are A, B, and C; they represent the tire’s ability to stop on wet pavement as measured under controlled conditions on specified government test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor traction performance.

The traction grade assigned to this tire is

based on braking (straightahead) traction tests and does not include cornering (turning) traction.

Temperature A B C The temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C; they represent the tire’s resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a specified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to degenerate and reduce tire life. Excessive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure. The grade C corresponds to a level of performance which all passenger car tires must meet under the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 109. Grades A and B represent higher levels of performance on the laboratory test wheel than the minimum required by law.

Maintenance and care

149

Maintenance and care

The temperature grade for this tire is established for a

tire that is properly inflated and not overloaded. Excessive speed, underinflation, or excessive loading, either separately or in combination, can cause heat build up and possible tire failure.

SERVICING YOUR TIRES

Checking the tire pressure Check the tire pressure periodically and inflate tires as necessary. To check the tire pressure, insert the tire pressure gauge into the valve stem.

The cold pressure amount is listed on the Safety Compliance Certification Label located on the passenger’s door inside latch pillar.

Improperly inflated tires can affect vehicle handling

and can fail suddenly, possibly resulting in loss of vehicle control.

150

Rotating your tires Rotate your tires at regular intervals to ensure even wear. These intervals are listed in the Service Guide. † Four-tire rotation

† Five-tire rotation

Replacing the tires Replace the tires when the wear band is visible through the tire treads.

When replacing full size; tires, never mix radial bias

belted or bias-type tires. Use only the tire sizes that are listed on the tire pressure decal.

Maintenance and care

151

Maintenance and care

Make sure all replacement tires are of the same type, load-carrying capacity, and tread design (e.g. “All Terrain”), as originally offered by Ford.

Failure to follow these precautions may adversely affect the handling of the vehicle and make it easier to lose control and roll over.

IDENTIFYING TIRE TYPES Your vehicle requires the use of the following tire types: wagon and sedan 18565R14 tires and T115/70D14 mini-spare. When purchasing replacemment tires for your vehicle, consult your Ford or Lincoln-Mercury dealer or qualified service technician to assure that correct tire types are used.

USING SNOW TIRES AND CHAINS

Snow tires must be the same size and grade as the

tires currently on your vehicle.

The tires on your vehicle have all weather treads to provide traction in rain and snow. However, in some climates using snow tires and chains may be necessary. Follow these guidelines when using snow tires and chains: † Use only SAE Class “S” chains.

152

only.

† Install chains securely, verifying that the chains do not touch any wiring, brake lines, or fuel lines. † Install tire chains on front tires † Drive cautiously. If you hear the chains rub or bang against your vehicle, stop and retighten the chains. If this does not work, remove the chains to prevent damage to your vehicle.

overloading your vehicle.

† When possible, avoid † Remove the tire chains when they are no longer needed. Do not use tire chains on dry roads. † The suspension insulation and bumpers will help prevent vehicle damage. Do not remove these components from your vehicle when using snow tires and chains.

WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT AUTOMOTIVE FUEL

Automotive fuels can cause serious injury or

death if misused or mishandled.

Observe the following guidelines when handling automotive fuel: † Extinguish all smoking material

and any open flames before fueling your vehicle.

† Automotive fuels can be harmful

or fatal if swallowed. If fuel is swallowed, call a physician immediately, even if no

Maintenance and care

153

Maintenance and care

symptoms are apparent. The toxic effects of fuels may not be evident for many hours.

† Fuels can also be harmful if absorbed through the skin. If fuel is splashed on the skin, promptly remove contaminated clothing and wash skin thoroughly with soap and water.

† If fuel is splashed in the eyes, remove contact lenses, flush eyes with water for fifteen minutes, and seek immediate medical attention.

† Be particularly careful if you are taking Antabuse or other forms of disulfiram for the treatment of alcoholism. Breathing gasoline vapors or skin contact with fuel could cause an adverse reaction. Consult a physician immediately.

If you replace your fuel cap with an aftermarket fuel filter cap, the customer warranty may be void if any damage to the fuel tank and/or fuel system occurs.

Do not overfill the fuel tank. The pressure in an

overfilled tank may cause leakage and lead to fuel spray and fire.

If you do not use a proper fuel cap, the pressure in

the fuel tank can damage the fuel system or cause it to work improperly in a collision.

154

Maintenance and care

87

If the fuel cap is venting vapor or you hear a hissing

sound, wait until it stops before completely removing the cap.

CHOOSING THE RIGHT FUEL Use only UNLEADED FUEL. The use of leaded fuel is prohibited by law and could damage your vehicle. The damage may not be covered by your warranty. Your vehicle was not designed to use fuel containing manganese-based additives such as MMT. Additionally, vehicles certified to California emission standards (indicated on the underhood Vehicle Emissions Control Information label) are designed to operate on California reformulated gasolines. If California reformulated gasoline is not available when you refuel, your vehicle can be operated on non-California fuels. However, even though your engine will perform adequately on other gasolines, the performance of the emission control devices and systems may be adversely affected. Repair of damage caused by using a fuel that your vehicle was not designed for may not be covered by your warranty.

155

Maintenance and care

Octane Recommendation

Your vehicle is designed to use regular gasoline with an (R+M)/2
octane rating of 87. We do not recommend gasolines labeled as ‘‘regular’’ in high altitude areas that are sold with octane ratings of 86 or even less.

Do not be concerned if your vehicle sometimes knocks lightly. However, if it knocks heavily under most driving conditions on the recommended octane fuel, see your dealer or a qualified service technician to prevent any engine damage.

Fuel Quality If you are experiencing starting, rough idle or hesitation problems, try a different brand of fuel. If the condition persists, see your dealer or a qualified service technician. The American Automobile Manufacturers Association (AAMA) issued a gasoline specification to provide information on high quality fuels that optimize the performance of your vehicle. We recommend the use of gasolines that meet the AAMA specification if they are available. It should not be necessary to add any aftermarket products to your fuel tank if you continue to use a high-quality fuel.

Cleaner Air Ford approves the use of gasolines to improve air quality, including reformulated gasolines, that contain oxygenates such as a

156

Maintenance and care

maximum of 10% ethanol or 15% MTBE. There should be no more than 5% methanol with cosolvents and additives to protect the fuel system.

WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT THE EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEM For more information on your vehicle’s emission control system, see the Vehicle Emission Control Information Decal located on the inside left side of the engine compartment. The catalytic converter enables the vehicle’s emission control system to operate properly. Follow these guidelines to ensure proper emission system operation: † Use only unleaded fuel. † Avoid running out of fuel. † Do not turn off the ignition while your vehicle is in motion. † Have maintenance performed

according to the intervals in the Service Guide.

If you notice one or more of the following, the emission system may not be working properly; have the vehicle serviced as soon as possible: † fluid leaks †

, lights illuminate in the instrument cluster and remain lit

† strange odors

157

Maintenance and care † engine runs more than five seconds after shut off or engine misfires, surges, stalls, or backfires

† loss of oil pressure Important emission control information By law, anyone who manufactures, repairs, services, sells, leases, or trades vehicles, or who supervises a fleet of vehicles is not permitted to intentionally remove an emission control device or prevent it from working. Do not make any unauthorized changes to the vehicle or engine. Changes that cause more unburned fuel to reach the exhaust system can increase the temperature of the engine or exhaust system. When your vehicle is serviced, never use a metal exhaust collector. The use of a metal collector may melt or deform plastic parts.

Do not park, idle, or drive your vehicle in dry grass or other dry ground cover. The emission system heats up the engine compartment and exhaust system, which can start a fire.

Preparing your vehicle for inspection / maintenance (I/M) testing In some localities it may become a legal requirement to pass an I/M test of the on-board diagnostic

158

Maintenance and care

(OBD) II system. If the vehicle’s powertrain system or battery has just been serviced, the OBD II system is reset to a not ready for I/M testing condition. To ready the OBD II system for I/M testing, the law specifies that a minimum of 30
minutes of city and highway driving is necessary as described below: † At least twenty minutes driving in stop-and-go, city-type traffic with at least four idle periods. † At least ten minutes of driving on an expressway or highway.

Before completing the above driving modes, the engine must be warmed up and at operating temperature. Once started, the vehicle must not be turned off during these modes.

159

Maintenance and care

EXTERIOR LAMPS

REPLACING THE EXTERIOR BULBS Check the operation of the following lamps frequently: † headlamps † foglamps (if equipped) † high-mount brakelamp † license plate lamp † tail lamps/backup lamps † interior overhead lamp

160

Maintenance and care

† hazard flasher The overview of your vehicle’s exterior lamps shows the tail lamp/ backup lamp assembly for the sedan model only. The lamp assembly for the wagon is similar, although the bulb replacement process differs. For more information, see Tail lamps/ Backup lamps in this section. In addition, the headlamp assembly includes the headlamp and the turn signal/parking lamp assemblies Do not remove lamp bulbs unless they may be replaced immediately with new ones. If a bulb is removed for an extended period of time, contaminants may enter the lamp housings and affect performance.

Handle a halogen bulb carefully and keep out of children’s reach. Grasp the bulb only by its plastic base and do not touch the glass; the oil from your hand could cause the bulb to break the next time that the headlamps are operated.

161

Maintenance and care

Headlamps To change the headlamp bulbs: 1. Be sure that the headlamp knob is in the OFF position. 2. Open the hood and find the headlamp socket. 3. Remove the protective dust shield housing by turning the shield counterclockwise. 4. Remove the bulb retaining ring by rotating it counterclockwise (when viewed from the rear). 5. Disconnect the electrical connector and remove the bulb by pulling it straight out. 6. Replace the bulb by pushing a new one straight in with the bulb’s plastic base facing upward. You may need to turn the bulb slightly to align the grooves in the plastic base with the tabs in the bulb socket. 7. Slip the bulb retaining ring over the plastic base and lock the ring by rotating it clockwise until it snaps. 8. Reconnect electrical connector. 9. Replace the housing protective dust shield and lock the shield by rotating clockwise until it locks into position.

162

Maintenance and care

Foglamps(ifequipped) To change the foglamp bulbs: 1. Disconnect the electrical connector from the back of the foglamp assembly. 2. Twist, then pull the bulb from the foglamp assembly and twist in a replacement bulb. 3. Connect the electrical connector to the back of the foglamp assembly.

163

Maintenance and care

High-mountbrakelamp(sedan) The high-mount brakelamp is located on the rear of your vehicle. The brakelamp will be mounted with two fastener clips and an assembly cover on the package tray. 1. Remove the push pins and cover from the package tray. 2. Detach the socket from the housing and remove the bulb. 3. Replace the bulb and ease the socket back into the housing. 4. Replace the housing cover and secure with the push pins. Liftgatelamp(wagon) The wagon liftgate lamp is located on the rear of the vehicle. Follow these steps to replace the liftgate lamp bulb: 1. Open the liftgate.

164

Maintenance and care

2. To remove the liftgate lamp bulb assembly cover mounted on the liftgate’s interior rear window: † press in the inner portion of the two mounting screws on either side of the cover † pull out the outer portion of the

mounting screws

3. Detach the socket from the housing and remove the bulb. 4. Replace the bulb and ease the socket back into the housing. 5. Replace the bulb assembly cover and secure the mounting screws. Licenseplatelamps To change the license plate lamp bulbs: 1. Carefully remove screws and pull the license plate lamp assembly from the rear bumper. 2. Carefully pull the lamp lens from the assembly. 3. Remove the bulb to be replaced and install a new bulb. 4. Replace the lamp lens, the assembly, and the screws.

165

Maintenance and care † Sedan

† Wagon

166

Maintenance and care

Taillamps/Backuplamps (sedan) The tail lamp assemblies and the backup bulb assemblies are located in the same portion of the vehicle rear, one just below the other. Follow the same steps to replace either bulb. 1. Open the trunk lid to expose the tail lamp assembly. Remove the two screws from the front of the lamp. 2. The tail lamp has hidden fasteners which can be disengaged by hitting the lamp, with your hand, toward the side of the vehicle. 3. Remove the socket that contains the burned out bulb by rotating it counterclockwise, then pulling it out of the lamp assembly. 4. Pull the burned out bulb from the socket and replace it with a new bulb.

167

Maintenance and care

5. Push the socket into the lamp, then secure it by rotating it clockwise. 6. Position the tail lamp on the vehicle and gently hit the lens to engage the clips. Replace the screws.

Taillamps/Backuplamps (wagon) To replace the tail lamp bulbs: 1. Open the liftgate to expose the tail lamp assembly. Remove the lens screws and pull the lens aside. 2. Remove the socket that contains the burned out bulb by rotating it counterclockwise, then pulling it out of the lamp assembly. 3. Pull the burned out bulb from the socket and secure a new bulb. 4. Push the socket into the lamp, then secure it by rotating clockwise. 5. Position the lamp on the vehicle and replace the screws.

168

Maintenance and care

The side marker lamp assemblies are accessible through the interior of the vehicle. The right assembly (when facing the front of the vehicle) is behind the same interior panel as the liftgate washer fluid; the left assembly is located behind a similar-looking interior panel directly opposite the right panel. Both access panels are directly below the rear side windows. To replace the backup lamp bulbs: 1. Open the liftgate and lean inside the vehicle. Access the backup bulb assemblies by carefully pulling open the interior panel.

169

Maintenance and care

2. Remove the bulb assembly form the interior recess. 3. Twist the bulb counterclockwise to remove it and secure a new bulb. 4. Replace the bulb assembly in the interior recess and replace the access panel.

Interioroverheadlamp The interior overhead lamp is located on the center of the ceiling of the vehicle. To replace the bulbs: 1. Remove the lamp lens by applying pressure to both tabs at the top of the lamp assembly and pulling the lens down and off. 2. Pull the bulb to remove it and secure a new bulb. 3. Replace the lamp lens by applying pressure to both sides of the lamp lens and popping the lens up and on to the lamp assembly.

170

OFF DOOR ON

OFF DOOR ON

The interior overhead lamp is equipped with a battery saver control system designed to prevent excessive wear on the battery. When a door is not closed properly, the battery saver control system timer is activated. The timer will give you between eight and ten minutes to close the door before it automatically turns off the interior overhead lamp. If the door is left open, closed, and then left open again, the timer will automatically reset. The battery saver control system is not activated when the headlamps are left on. A warning chime will sound when the engine is turned off to draw your attention to headlamps left on. Maplamp The map lamps are located in the rear portion of the interior overhead lamp assembly. Replacement of the two bulbs requires removal of the bulb assembly cover and the use of several different tools. See a qualified service technician or your dealer for replacement of the map lamp bulbs. Hazardflasher For more information on the hazard flasher and hazard switch, refer to Using the hazard switch in the Roadside emergencies chapter. For bulb replacement, see your dealer or a qualified service technician.

Maintenance and care

171

Maintenance and care

BULB SPECIFICATIONS

Function

Number of

Trade number

bulbs

Exterior illumination Front park/turn lamps Foglamps (if equipped) Headlamps — aero high and low beam Rear license plate lamp High-mount brakelamp Notchback — Backup lamp Notchback — Brakelamp Notchback — Rear/turn/side marker Liftgate wagon rear side marker lamp Interior illumination Cargo lamp liftgate (wagon) Interior overhead lamp Luggage compartment lamp (if equipped) PRNDL illumination Heater control nomenclature High beam indicator Instrument panel gauge (cluster) Sport cluster w/ tachometer Turn signal indicator Upshift indicator (if equipped) Warning lights — all

172

(1 each side)

(1 each)

3457
881
9007

168
921
3156
3157
3157

168

12V/5W 12V/10W

5W

197

14V/3.0

194
194
194
194
194

Maintenance and care

Function

Number of

Trade number

Anti-theft LED

bulbs 1 LED

See your dealer

to order

replacement

assembly, service part

#F57Z13B765-A

Aiming the headlamps Your vehicle is equipped with a variable headlamp aiming device (VHAD) on each headlamp reflector extension and headlamp housing. Each headlamp may be properly aimed in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction by performing the following steps. The horizontal aim must be adjusted first. This procedure requires the use of a 4 mm box wrench or open end wrench. Position the vehicle on a surface that is level in the front-to-rear direction. If the vehicle cannot be placed on a true level surface, the headlamps still can be adjusted using the VHAD if the slope of the surface is accurately known and does not differ by more than 30.5 mm (1.2
in) from true level.

173

Maintenance and care

Adjustingthehorizontalaim 1. With the hood open, locate the horizontal indicator and adjusting screw. 2. Use a 4 mm wrench to turn the horizontal adjusting screw until the reference mark on the reflector extension aligns with the ‘‘O’’ reference mark on the horizontal indicator when viewed directly from above. 3. When the horizontal aim has been adjusted, close the headlamp access panel. Adjustingtheverticalaim 1. Do not adjust the vertical aim until after adjusting the horizontal aim. 2. With the hood open, locate the bubble level vertical aim indicator. It is visible when viewed from above the rear of the headlamp. 3. With the vehicle on a level surface, use a 4 mm wrench to turn the vertical aim adjustment screw (outboard screw) located on the back of the lamp assembly clockwise or counterclockwise until the bubble in the spirit level is centered when viewed from directly above the bubble. 4. Close the hood. If the vehicle is on a downward or upward slope of not more than 1.2°, the VHAD’s bubble level can be used to correct for the effects of the surface slope, provided that the slope is accurately known.

174

Each graduation of the bubble level represents 0.19° of downward or upward slope. To correct for the effects of surface slope, turn the vertical aim adjustment screw until the bubble is centered at a position corresponding to the slope of the surface.

CLEANING AND CARING FOR YOUR VEHICLE Contact your dealer for more information on recommended cleaners and their availability in your area.

Washing your vehicle Wash your vehicle regularly with cold or lukewarm water. Never use strong detergents or soap. If your vehicle is particularly dirty, use a quality car shampoo. Always use a clean sponge and plenty of water for best results. We recommend that you have the underbody of your vehicle washed at the end of the winter to remove deposits left by snow, salt, and water. Wax the body paintwork of your vehicle several times a year. This will help to retain the glossy paintwork finish and water droplets will run off more easily.

Remove any after dealer accessories, such as

antennae, before entering a commercial car wash.

Maintenance and care

175

Maintenance and care

After washing your vehicle, apply the brakes several times to dry them.

Repairing paint chips Minor scratches or paint damage from road chippings may be camouflaged with Ford exterior lacquer touch-up paint, AL81-XXXX-B or ALBZ-19500-XXXXA. XXXX indicates the code, meeting Ford specification ESR-M2P100-C. Follow the application instructions on the product. Be sure to remove aggressive particles such as bird droppings, tree resins, insect remains, tar spots, and road salt, that may damage your paint.

Cleaning the wheels Wash the wheels with the same detergent used to clean the body of your vehicle. Do not use acid based wool cleaners, steel wool, fuel, or strong detergents. Never use abrasives that will damage the finish of special wheel surfaces. Use a tar and road oil remover to remove grease and tar.

Cleaning plastic parts Some of the vehicle’s trim parts are plastic. Clean with a tar and road oil remover if necessary. Use a vinyl cleaner for routine cleaning. Do not clean plastic parts with thinners, solvents, or petroleum based cleaners.

176

Cleaning the instrument panel Any cleaner or polish that increases the gloss of the upper portion of the instrument panel should be avoided. The dull finish in this area is to help protect the driver from windshield reflection.

Cleaning the exterior lamps Do not use dry paper towels, chemical solvents, or abrasive cleaners to clean the lamps; these products may cause scratches or crack the lamps.

Cleaning the engine A clean engine is more efficient than a dirty one because a buildup of grease and dirt acts as an insulator and keeps the engine warmer than normal. Follow these guidelines to clean your engine: † Take care when using a power washer to clean the engine. The high pressure fluid could penetrate sealed parts and cause damage.

† In order to avoid cracking the engine block or fuel injection pump, do not spray these components with cold water. † The alternator and air intake must be covered to prevent water damage when cleaning the engine. † Never wash or rinse the engine while it is running; water in a running engine may cause internal damage.

Maintenance and care

177

Maintenance and care

Cleaning the wiper blades If the blades do not wipe properly, clean both the windshield and the wiper blades using undiluted windshield washer solution or a mild detergent. Rinse thoroughly with clean water. Do not use fuel, kerosene, paint thinner, or other solvents to clean the wiper blades; these fluids will damage the blades.

Cleaning the built-in child seat Clean the built in child seat with mild soap and water. Do not use household cleaning products because they may weaken the safety belt webbing or damage the vinyl parts of the seat. The child seat liner is removable and may be machine washed and air dried.

Cleaning and maintaining the safety belts Clean the safety belts with a mild soap solution recommended for cleaning upholstery or carpets. Do not bleach or dye the belts; this may weaken the belt webbing. Check the safety belt system periodically to ensure there are no nicks, wear, or cuts. If the vehicle has been involved in an accident, have all the safety belts and child seat anchoring brackets (if equipped) examined by a qualified technician.

178

Capacities and specifications

Ford part number — 2.0 liter SPI engine F7CX-9601-AA BX-58C FG-862
FL400-A EV-229
AGSF-34-E

MOTORCRAFT PART NUMBERS Component

Air filter Battery Fuel filter Oil filter PCV valve Spark plug*

* Refer to the Vehicle Emission Control Information (VECI) decal, located on the underside of the hood, for gap specifications.

REFILL CAPACITIES

Your vehicle’s fuel capacity The fuel capacity for your vehicle is 48.0 L (12.7 gallons). † To avoid overspill from the filler neck, stop fueling at the second automatic shut off. † For more information on fueling your vehicle, refer to Choosing the right fuel in the Maintenance and care chapter.

179

Capacities and specifications

Capacities — liters (quarts) Engine Oil — including filter / excluding filter Manual transaxle Automatic transaxle — full torque converter / empty torque converter Radiator filler cap Engine coolant I automatic transaxle I manual transaxle

2.0 liter SPI engine 3.8 L (4.0 qt) / 3.3 L (3.5 qt)

3.35 L (3.55 qt) 3.9 L (4.1 qt) / 6.3 L (6.7 qt)

110 kPa (16 psi)

6.0 L (6.3 qt) 5.0 L (5.3 qt)

LUBRICANT SPECIFICATIONS Item

Ford part name Ford High Performance DOT 3 Motor Vehicle Brake Fluid CV Joint Grease — High Temperature Silicone Lubricant (tube) (aerosol) Ford Premium Cooling System Fluid

Ford Ford part specification number C6AZ-19542-AB ESA-M6C25-A,

DOT 3

E43Z-19590-A

ESP-MIC207-A

COAZ-19553-AA D7AZ-19553-AA E2FZ-19549-AA, -B

ESR-M13P4-A ESR-M13P4-A ESE-M97B44-A

Brake master cylinder

Constant velocity joints

Door weatherstrips

Engine coolant

180

Capacities and specifications

Item

Engine oil

Hinges and latches

Lock cylinders

Power steering pump

Automatic and manual transaxle

Wheel bearings, rear

Windshield washer fluid reservoir

Ford part name Motorcraft 5W-30 Super Premium Motor Oil Ford Multi-Purpose Grease Spray (Aerosol) Penetrating Lubricant Premium Power Steering Fluid Motorcraft MERCONt Multi-Purpose (ATF) Transmission Fluid Motorcraft Premium Long-Life Grease Ultra-Clear Windshield Washer Concentrate

Ford part number XO-5W-30

Ford specification WSS-M2C153-F

F5AZ-19G209-AA ESR-M1C159-A

and ESB-M1C93A

E8AZ-19A501-B N/A

E6AZ-19582-AA ESW-M2C33-F

XT-2-BDX, -QDX

MERCON

XG-1-C, -K

ESA-M1C75-B

C9AZ-19550-AC or C9AZ-19550-BC

ESR-M17P5-A

181

Capacities and specifications

ENGINE DATA Engine

Horsepower Torque Required fuel grade Firing order / Injection timing Spark plug gap Ignition system Valve clearances cold inlet exhaust

VEHICLE DIMENSIONS Dimensions — cm (inches) V1 Overall length V2 Overall width (excluding exterior mirrors) V3 Maximum height V4 Wheelbase V5 Track Front Rear

2.0 liter; 121 CID; 4 cylinder (in-line); compression ratio 9.2:1; single overhead cam; split port induction (SPI) 110 at 5,000 rpm 169 Nm (125 lb ft at 3,750 rpm) 87 (R+M)/2
1-3-4-2

1.3 to 1.4 mm / 0.052 to 0.056
DIS 0: Maintenance free

0: Maintenance free

Sedan

Wagon

443.25 cm (174.5 in) 168.00 cm (66.2 in)

439.1 cm (172.9 in) 170 cm (67 in)

135.00 cm (53.2 in) 250.00 cm (98.4 in) 143.5 cm (56.5 in), 143.5 cm (56.5 in)