2013 Cadillac Escalade Owners Manual

Tire Pressure Monitor

System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-49

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10-2

Vehicle Care

Tire Pressure Monitor

Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-50
Tire Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-53
Tire Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-53
When It Is Time for New

Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-54
Buying New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . 10-55
Different Size Tires and

Wheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-57

Uniform Tire Quality

Grading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-58

Wheel Alignment and Tire

Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-59
Wheel Replacement . . . . . . . . 10-59
Tire Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-60
If a Tire Goes Flat . . . . . . . . . . 10-61
Tire Sealant and

Compressor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . 10-62

Storing the Tire Sealant and

Compressor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . 10-69
Tire Changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-70
Secondary Latch System . . . 10-79
Full-Size Spare Tire . . . . . . . . 10-82

Jump Starting

Jump Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-83

Towing

Towing the Vehicle . . . . . . . . . 10-87
Recreational Vehicle

Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-87

Appearance Care

Exterior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-90
Interior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-93
Floor Mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-97

General Information For service and parts needs, visit your dealer. You will receive genuine GM parts and GM-trained and supported service people. Genuine GM parts have one of these marks:

California Proposition 65 Warning Most motor vehicles, including this one, contain and/or emit chemicals known to the State of California to

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Vehicle Checks

Doing Your Own Service Work If the vehicle is a hybrid, see the hybrid supplement for more information.

{ WARNING

It can be dangerous to work on your vehicle if you do not have the proper knowledge, service manual, tools, or parts. Always follow owner manual procedures and consult the service manual for your vehicle before doing any service work.

cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. Engine exhaust, many parts and systems, many fluids, and some component wear by-products contain and/or emit these chemicals.

California Perchlorate Materials Requirements Certain types of automotive applications, such as airbag initiators, safety belt pretensioners, and lithium batteries contained in Remote Keyless Entry transmitters, may contain perchlorate materials. Special handling may be necessary. For additional information, see www.dtsc.ca.gov/hazardouswaste/ perchlorate.

Accessories and Modifications Adding non‐dealer accessories or making modifications to the vehicle can affect vehicle performance and safety, including such things as airbags, braking, stability, ride and

handling, emissions systems, aerodynamics, durability, and electronic systems like antilock brakes, traction control, and stability control. These accessories or modifications could even cause malfunction or damage not covered by the vehicle warranty. Damage to vehicle components resulting from modifications or the installation or use of non‐GM certified parts, including control module or software modifications, is not covered under the terms of the vehicle warranty and may affect remaining warranty coverage for affected parts. GM Accessories are designed to complement and function with other systems on the vehicle. See your dealer to accessorize the vehicle using genuine GM Accessories installed by a dealer technician. Also, see Adding Equipment to the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 3‑39.

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Hood To open the hood:

1. Pull the handle with this symbol

on it. It is inside the vehicle to the lower left of the steering wheel.

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Vehicle Care

If doing some of your own service work, use the proper service manual. It tells you much more about how to service the vehicle than this manual can. To order the proper service manual, see Service Publications Ordering Information on page 13‑17. This vehicle has an airbag system. Before attempting to do your own service work, see Airbag System Check on page 3‑40. Keep a record with all parts receipts and list the mileage and the date of any service work performed. See Maintenance Records on page 11‑16. Notice: Even small amounts of contamination can cause damage to vehicle systems. Do not allow contaminants to contact the fluids, reservoir caps, or dipsticks.

2. Then go to the front of the

vehicle and locate the secondary hood release, near the center of the grille.

3. Push the secondary hood

release to the right.

4. Lift the hood.

Before closing the hood, be sure all the filler caps are on properly. Then bring the hood from full open to within 152 mm (6 in) from the closed position, pause, then push the front center of the hood with a swift, firm motion to fully close the hood.

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Vehicle Care

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Engine Compartment Overview

6.2L V8 Engine

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Vehicle Care

A. Engine Air Cleaner/Filter on

I.

page 10‑12.

B. Coolant Surge Tank and

Pressure Cap. See Cooling System on page 10‑14.

C. Remote Positive (+) Terminal.

See Jump Starting on page 10‑83.

D. Battery on page 10‑24. E. Remote Negative (−) Terminal

(Out of View). See Jump Starting on page 10‑83. F. Automatic Transmission

Dipstick (Out of View). See “Checking the Fluid Level” under Automatic Transmission Fluid on page 10‑9.

G. Engine Oil Fill Cap. See “When

to Add Engine Oil” under Engine Oil on page 10‑6.

H. Engine Oil Dipstick (Out of

View). See “Checking Engine Oil” under Engine Oil on page 10‑6.

Engine Cooling Fans (Out of View). See Cooling System on page 10‑14.

J. Power Steering Fluid Reservoir.

See Power Steering Fluid on page 10‑20.

K. Brake Master Cylinder

Reservoir. See “Brake Fluid” under Brake Fluid on page 10‑23.

L. Engine Compartment Fuse

Block on page 10‑33.

M. Windshield Washer Fluid

Reservoir. See “Adding Washer Fluid” under Washer Fluid on page 10‑21.

If the vehicle is a hybrid, see the hybrid supplement for more information.

Engine Oil To ensure proper engine performance and long life, careful attention must be paid to engine oil. Following these simple, but important steps will help protect your investment: . Always use engine oil approved to the proper specification and of the proper viscosity grade. See “Selecting the Right Engine Oil” in this section.

. Check the engine oil level regularly and maintain the proper oil level. See “Checking Engine Oil” and “When to Add Engine Oil” in this section.

. Change the engine oil at the

appropriate time. See Engine Oil Life System on page 10‑9.

. Always dispose of engine oil

properly. See “What to Do with Used Oil” in this section.

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Checking Engine Oil It is a good idea to check the engine oil level at each fuel fill. In order to get an accurate reading, the vehicle must be on level ground. The engine oil dipstick handle is a loop. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑5 for the location of the engine oil dipstick. Obtaining an accurate oil level reading is essential: 1.

If the engine has been running recently, turn off the engine and allow several minutes for the oil to drain back into the oil pan. Checking the oil level too soon after engine shutoff will not provide an accurate oil level reading.

{ WARNING

The engine oil dipstick handle may be hot; it could burn you. Use a towel or glove to touch the dipstick handle.

2. Pull out the dipstick and clean it with a paper towel or cloth, then push it back in all the way. Remove it again, keeping the tip down, and check the level.

When to Add Engine Oil

If the oil is below the cross-hatched area at the tip of the dipstick, add 1 L (1 qt) of the recommended oil and then recheck the level. See “Selecting the Right Engine Oil” in this section for an explanation of what kind of oil to use. For engine oil crankcase capacity, see Capacities and Specifications on page 12‑2. Notice: Do not add too much oil. Oil levels above or below the acceptable operating range shown on the dipstick are harmful

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to the engine. If you find that you have an oil level above the operating range, i.e., the engine has so much oil that the oil level gets above the cross-hatched area that shows the proper operating range, the engine could be damaged. You should drain out the excess oil or limit driving of the vehicle and seek a service professional to remove the excess amount of oil. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑5 for the location of the engine oil fill cap. Add enough oil to put the level somewhere in the proper operating range. Push the dipstick all the way back in when through. Selecting the Right Engine Oil Selecting the right engine oil depends on both the proper oil specification and viscosity grade. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑13.

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Vehicle Care

Specification Use and ask for licensed engine oils with the dexos1® approved certification mark. Engine oils meeting the requirements for the vehicle should have the dexos1
approved certification mark. This certification mark indicates that the oil has been approved to the dexos1
specification.

Notice: Failure to use the recommended engine oil or equivalent can result in engine damage not covered by the vehicle warranty. Check with your dealer or service provider on whether the oil is approved to the dexos1 specification.

Viscosity Grade SAE 5W-30 is the best viscosity grade for the vehicle. Do not use other viscosity grade oils such as SAE 10W-30, 10W-40, or 20W-50. Cold Temperature Operation: In an area of extreme cold, where the temperature falls below −29°C (−20°F), an SAE 0W-30 oil may be used. An oil of this viscosity grade will provide easier cold starting for the engine at extremely low temperatures. When selecting an oil of the appropriate viscosity grade, always select an oil of the correct specification. See “Specification” earlier in this section for more information. Engine Oil Additives/Engine Oil Flushes Do not add anything to the oil. The recommended oils with the dexos specification and displaying the dexos certification mark are all that is needed for good performance and engine protection.

Engine oil system flushes are not recommended and could cause engine damage not covered by the vehicle warranty. What to Do with Used Oil Used engine oil contains certain elements that can be unhealthy for your skin and could even cause cancer. Do not let used oil stay on your skin for very long. Clean your skin and nails with soap and water, or a good hand cleaner. Wash or properly dispose of clothing or rags containing used engine oil. See the manufacturer's warnings about the use and disposal of oil products. Used oil can be a threat to the environment. If you change your own oil, be sure to drain all the oil from the filter before disposal. Never dispose of oil by putting it in the trash or pouring it on the ground, into sewers, or into streams or bodies of water. Recycle it by taking it to a place that collects used oil.

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Engine Oil Life System

When to Change Engine Oil This vehicle has a computer system that indicates when to change the engine oil and filter. This is based on a combination of factors which include engine revolutions, engine temperature, and miles driven. Based on driving conditions, the mileage at which an oil change is indicated can vary considerably. For the oil life system to work properly, the system must be reset every time the oil is changed. When the system has calculated that oil life has been diminished, it indicates that an oil change is necessary. A CHANGE ENGINE OIL SOON message comes on. See Engine Oil Messages on page 5‑31. Change the oil as soon as possible within the next 1 000 km (600 mi). It is possible that, if driving under the best conditions, the oil life system might indicate that an oil change is not necessary for up to a year. The engine oil and filter must

be changed at least once a year and, at this time, the system must be reset. Your dealer has trained service people who will perform this work and reset the system. It is also important to check the oil regularly over the course of an oil drain interval and keep it at the proper level. If the system is ever reset accidentally, the oil must be changed at 5 000 km (3,000 mi) since the last oil change. Remember to reset the oil life system whenever the oil is changed. How to Reset the Engine Oil Life System Reset the system whenever the engine oil is changed so that the system can calculate the next engine oil change. Always reset the engine oil life to 100% after every oil change. It will not reset itself. To reset the system: 1. Display OIL LIFE REMAINING

on the DIC.

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10-9

2. Press and hold the SET/RESET button on the DIC for more than five seconds. The oil life will change to 100%.

If the CHANGE ENGINE OIL SOON message comes back on when the vehicle is started, the engine oil life system has not reset. Repeat the procedure.

Automatic Transmission Fluid

When to Check and Change Automatic Transmission Fluid It is usually not necessary to check the transmission fluid level. The only reason for fluid loss is a transmission leak or overheating the transmission. If a small leak is suspected, then use the following checking procedures to check the fluid level. However, if there is a large leak, then it may be necessary to have the vehicle towed to a dealer and have it repaired before driving the vehicle further.

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Vehicle Care

Notice: Use of the incorrect automatic transmission fluid may damage the vehicle, and the damages may not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Always use the automatic transmission fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑13. Change the fluid and filter at the scheduled maintenance intervals listed in Maintenance Schedule on page 11‑3. Be sure to use the transmission fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑13. How to Check Automatic Transmission Fluid Notice: Too much or too little fluid can damage the transmission. Too much can mean that some of the fluid could come out and fall on hot engine parts or exhaust system parts, starting a fire. Too little fluid could cause the transmission to

overheat. Be sure to get an accurate reading if checking the transmission fluid. Before checking the fluid level, prepare the vehicle as follows: 1. Start the engine and park the

vehicle on a level surface. Keep the engine running.

2. Apply the parking brake and

place the shift lever in P (Park).

3. With your foot on the brake pedal, move the shift lever through each gear range, pausing for about three seconds in each range. Then, move the shift lever back to P (Park).

4. Allow the engine to idle (500 –

800 rpm) for at least one minute. Slowly release the brake pedal.

5. Keep the engine running and

press the Trip/Fuel button or trip odometer reset stem until TRANS TEMP (Transmission Temperature) displays on the Driver Information Center (DIC).

6. Using the TRANS TEMP

reading, determine and perform the appropriate check procedure. If the TRANS TEMP reading is not within the required temperature ranges, allow the vehicle to cool, or operate the vehicle until the appropriate transmission fluid temperature is reached.

Cold Check Procedure Use this procedure only as a reference to determine if the transmission has enough fluid to be operated safely until a hot check procedure can be made. The hot check procedure is the most accurate method to check the fluid level. Perform the hot check procedure at the first opportunity.

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Use this cold check procedure to check fluid level when the transmission temperature is between 27°C and 32°C (80°F and 90°F).

4. Check both sides of the dipstick and read the lower level. Repeat the check procedure to verify the reading.

1. Locate the transmission dipstick

5.

at the rear of the engine compartment, on the passenger side of the vehicle. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑5 for more information.

2. Flip the handle up and then pull out the dipstick and wipe it with a clean rag or paper towel. Install the dipstick by pushing it back in all the way, wait three seconds, and then pull it back out again.

3.

If the fluid level is below the COLD check band, add only enough fluid as necessary to bring the level into the COLD band. It does not take much fluid, generally less than 0.5 L (1 pint). Do not overfill.

6. Perform a hot check at the first

opportunity after the transmission reaches a normal operating temperature between 71°C to 93°C (160°F to 200°F).

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10-11

7.

If the fluid level is in the acceptable range, push the dipstick back in all the way, then flip the handle down to lock the dipstick in place.

Hot Check Procedure Use this procedure to check the transmission fluid level when the transmission fluid temperature is between 71°C and 93°C (160°F and 200°F). The hot check is the most accurate method to check the fluid level. The hot check should be performed at the first opportunity in order to verify the cold check. The fluid level rises as fluid temperature increases, so it is important to ensure the transmission temperature is within range.

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Vehicle Care

1. Locate the transmission dipstick

at the rear of the engine compartment, on the passenger side of the vehicle. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑5 for more information.

2. Flip the handle up and then pull out the dipstick and wipe it with a clean rag or paper towel. Install the dipstick by pushing it back in all the way, wait three seconds, and then pull it back out again.

3.

4. Check both sides of the dipstick and read the lower level. Repeat the check procedure to verify the reading.

5. Safe operating level is within the

HOT cross hatch band on the dipstick. If the fluid level is not within the HOT band, and the transmission temperature is between 71°C and 93°C (160°F and 200°F), add or drain fluid as necessary to bring the level into the HOT band. If the fluid level is low, add only enough fluid to bring the level into the HOT band. It does not take much fluid, generally less than 0.5 L (1 pint). Do not overfill. If the fluid level is in the acceptable range, push the dipstick back in all the way, then flip the handle down to lock the dipstick in place.

6.

Consistency of Readings Always check the fluid level at least twice using the procedures described. Consistency (repeatable readings) is important to maintaining proper fluid level. If fluid is added, it may take 15 minutes or longer to obtain an accurate reading because of residual fluid draining down the dipstick tube. If inconsistent readings persist, check the transmission breather to be sure it is clean and not clogged. If readings are still inconsistent, contact your dealer.

Engine Air Cleaner/Filter See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑5 for the location of the engine air cleaner/filter. Inspect the air cleaner/filter at the scheduled maintenance intervals and replace it at the first oil change after each 80 000 km (50,000 mile) interval. See Maintenance Schedule on page 11‑3 for more information.

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If driving on dusty/dirty conditions, inspect the filter at each engine oil change. How to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter To inspect the air cleaner/filter, remove the engine air cleaner/filter from the vehicle by following Steps 1 through 6. When the engine air cleaner/filter is removed, lightly shake it to release loose dust and dirt. If the engine air cleaner/filter remains covered with dirt, a new filter is required. Never use compressed air to clean the filter.

Vehicle Care

10-13

Replacing the Engine Air Cleaner/ Filter

3. Remove the engine air cleaner/

filter from the housing. Care should be taken to dislodge as little dirt as possible.

4. Clean the engine air cleaner/ filter sealing surfaces and the housing. Inspect or replace the engine air cleaner/filter.

5.

6. Reinstall the cover and tighten

the screws.

1. Locate the air cleaner/filter

assembly. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑5.

2. Loosen the four screws on the cover of the housing and lift up the cover.

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Vehicle Care

{ WARNING

Operating the engine with the air cleaner/filter off can cause you or others to be burned. The air cleaner not only cleans the air; it helps to stop flames if the engine backfires. Use caution when working on the engine and do not drive with the air cleaner/filter off.

Cooling System The cooling system allows the engine to maintain the correct working temperature.

A. Coolant Surge Tank B. Coolant Surge Tank

Pressure Cap

C. Engine Cooling Fan(s) (Out

of View)

{ WARNING

An electric engine cooling fan under the hood can start up even when the engine is not running and can cause injury. Keep hands, clothing, and tools away from any underhood electric fan.

{ WARNING

Heater and radiator hoses, and other engine parts, can be very hot. Do not touch them. If you do, you can be burned. Do not run the engine if there is a leak. If you run the engine, it could lose all coolant. That could cause an engine fire, and you could be burned. Get any leak fixed before you drive the vehicle.

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What to Use

{ WARNING

Adding only plain water or some other liquid to the cooling system can be dangerous. Plain water and other liquids, can boil before the proper coolant mixture will. The coolant warning system is set for the proper coolant mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture, the engine could get too hot but you would not get the overheat warning. The engine could catch fire and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/ 50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant.

Notice: Using coolant other than DEX-COOL® can cause premature engine, heater core, or radiator corrosion. In addition, the engine coolant could require changing sooner, at 50 000 km (30,000 mi) or 24 months, whichever occurs first. Any repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Always use DEX-COOL (silicate-free) coolant in the vehicle.

Engine Coolant The cooling system in the vehicle is filled with DEX-COOL engine coolant. This coolant is designed to remain in the vehicle for 5 years or 240 000 km (150,000 mi), whichever occurs first. The following explains the cooling system and how to check and add coolant when it is low. If there is a problem with engine overheating, see Engine Overheating on page 10‑18.

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10-15

Use a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant. If using this mixture, nothing else needs to be added. This mixture: . Gives freezing protection down

to −37°C (−34°F), outside temperature.

. Gives boiling protection up to

129°C (265°F), engine temperature.

. Protects against rust and

corrosion.

. Will not damage aluminum parts. . Helps keep the proper engine

temperature.

Notice: If improper coolant mixture, inhibitors, or additives are used in the vehicle cooling system, the engine could overheat and be damaged. Too much water in the mixture can freeze and crack engine cooling parts. The repairs would not be covered by the warranty. Use only the proper mixture of engine

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Vehicle Care

coolant for the cooling system. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑13. Never dispose of engine coolant by putting it in the trash, pouring it on the ground, or into sewers, streams, or bodies of water. Have the coolant changed by an authorized service center, familiar with legal requirements regarding used coolant disposal. This will help protect the environment and your health. Checking Coolant The vehicle must be on a level surface when checking the coolant level. Check to see if coolant is visible in the coolant surge tank. If the coolant inside the coolant surge tank is boiling, do not do anything else until it cools down. If coolant is visible but the coolant level is not at or above the FULL COLD mark, add a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant at the

coolant surge tank, but be sure the cooling system is cool before this is done.

The coolant surge tank is located in the engine compartment on the passenger side of the vehicle. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑5 for more information on location. The coolant level should be at or above the FULL COLD mark. If it is not, the vehicle may have a leak in the cooling system.

How to Add Coolant to the Surge Tank

{ WARNING

You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts. Coolant contains ethylene glycol and it will burn if the engine parts are hot enough. Do not spill coolant on a hot engine.

Notice: This vehicle has a specific coolant fill procedure. Failure to follow this procedure could cause the engine to overheat and be severely damaged.

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Vehicle Care

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Turn the pressure cap slowly counterclockwise about one full turn. If a hiss is heard, wait for that to stop. A hiss means there is still some pressure left.

2. Keep turning the pressure cap

slowly and remove it.

{ WARNING

Steam and scalding liquids from a hot cooling system can blow out and burn you badly. Never turn the cap when the cooling system, including the surge tank pressure cap, is hot. Wait for the cooling system and surge tank pressure cap to cool.

If no coolant is visible in the surge tank, add coolant as follows:

1. Remove the coolant surge tank pressure cap when the cooling system, including the coolant surge tank pressure cap and upper radiator hose, is no longer hot.

3. Fill the coolant surge tank with the proper mixture to the FULL COLD mark.

4. With the coolant surge tank

pressure cap off, start the engine and let it run until the upper radiator hose can be felt getting hot. Watch out for the engine cooling fan. By this time, the coolant level inside the coolant surge tank may be lower. If the level is lower, add more of the proper mixture to the coolant surge tank until the level reaches the FULL COLD mark.

5. Replace the pressure cap tightly.

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Vehicle Care

6. Verify coolant level after engine

is shut off and the coolant is cold. If necessary, repeat coolant fill procedure Steps 1–6.

Notice: If the pressure cap is not tightly installed, coolant loss and possible engine damage may occur. Be sure the cap is properly and tightly secured.

Engine Overheating The vehicle has several indicators to warn of engine overheating. There is a coolant temperature gauge on your vehicle's instrument panel. See Engine Coolant Temperature Gauge on page 5‑13. In addition, ENGINE OVERHEATED STOP ENGINE, ENGINE OVERHEATED IDLE ENGINE, and a ENGINE POWER IS REDUCED message comes on in the Driver Information Center (DIC) on the instrument panel. See Engine Cooling System Messages on page 5‑30 and Engine Power Messages on page 5‑31.

If the decision is made not to lift the hood when this warning appears, but instead get service help right away. See Roadside Service (Mexico) on page 13‑7 or Roadside Service (U.S. and Canada) on page 13‑10. If the decision is made to lift the hood, make sure the vehicle is parked on a level surface. Then check to see if the engine cooling fans are running. If the engine is overheating, both fans should be running. If they are not, do not continue to run the engine and have the vehicle serviced. Notice: Running the engine without coolant may cause damage or a fire. Vehicle damage would not be covered by the warranty. See Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode on page 10‑20 for information on driving to a safe place in an emergency.

If Steam Is Coming from the Engine Compartment { WARNING

Steam from an overheated engine can burn you badly, even if you just open the hood. Stay away from the engine if you see or hear steam coming from it. Turn it off and get everyone away from the vehicle until it cools down. Wait until there is no sign of steam or coolant before you open the hood. If you keep driving when the vehicles engine is overheated, the liquids in it can catch fire. You or others could be badly burned. Stop the engine if it overheats, and get out of the vehicle until the engine is cool.

(Continued)

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WARNING (Continued)

See Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode on page 10‑20 for information on driving to a safe place in an emergency.

If No Steam Is Coming from the Engine Compartment The ENGINE OVERHEATED STOP ENGINE or the ENGINE OVERHEATED IDLE ENGINE message, along with a low coolant condition, can indicate a serious problem. If there is an engine overheat warning, but see or hear no steam, the problem may not be too serious. Sometimes the engine can get a little too hot when the vehicle: . Climbs a long hill on a hot day. . Stops after high-speed driving.

Idles for long periods in traffic. Tows a trailer. See Trailer Towing on page 9‑59.

If the ENGINE OVERHEATED STOP ENGINE or the ENGINE OVERHEATED IDLE ENGINE message appears with no sign of steam, try this for a minute or so: If the overheat warning is displayed with no sign of steam: 1. Turn the air conditioning off. 2. Turn the heater on to the highest

3.

temperature and to the highest fan speed. Open the windows as necessary. In heavy traffic, let the engine idle in N (Neutral) while stopped. If it is safe to do so, pull off the road, shift to P (Park) or N (Neutral) and let the engine idle.

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If the temperature overheat gauge is no longer in the overheat zone or an overheat warning no longer displays, the vehicle can be driven. Continue to drive the vehicle slowly for about 10 minutes. Keep a safe vehicle distance from the vehicle in front. If the warning does not come back on, continue to drive normally. If the warning continues, pull over, stop, and park the vehicle right away. If there is no sign of steam, idle the engine for five minutes while parked. If the warning is still displayed, turn off the engine until it cools down. Also, see “Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode” later in this section.

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Vehicle Care

Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode If an overheated engine condition exists and the ENGINE POWER IS REDUCED message is displayed, an overheat protection mode which alternates firing groups of cylinders helps prevent engine damage. In this mode, a loss in power and engine performance will be noticed. This operating mode allows the vehicle to be driven to a safe place in an emergency. Driving extended distances and/or towing a trailer in the overheat protection mode should be avoided. Notice: After driving in the overheated engine protection operating mode, to avoid engine damage, allow the engine to cool before attempting any repair. The engine oil will be severely degraded. Repair the cause of coolant loss, change the oil and reset the oil life system. See Engine Oil on page 10‑6.

Engine Fan The vehicle has electric cooling fans. The fans spinning at low speed during most everyday driving might be heard. The fans can turn off if no cooling is required. Under heavy vehicle loading, trailer towing, and/or high outside temperatures, or if operating the air conditioning system, the fans can change to high speed and an increase in fan noise might be heard. This is normal and indicates that the cooling system is functioning properly. The fans change to low speed when additional cooling is no longer required.

Power Steering Fluid

See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑5 for reservoir location. When to Check Power Steering Fluid It is not necessary to regularly check power steering fluid unless there is a leak suspected in the system or an unusual noise is heard. A fluid loss in this system could indicate a problem. Have the system inspected and repaired. How to Check Power Steering Fluid To check the power steering fluid: 1. Turn the key off and let the

engine compartment cool down. 2. Wipe the cap and the top of the

reservoir clean.

3. Unscrew the cap and wipe the

dipstick with a clean rag.

4. Replace the cap and completely

tighten it.

5. Remove the cap again and look at the fluid level on the dipstick.

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Adding Washer Fluid The vehicle has a low washer fluid message on the DIC that comes on when the washer fluid is low. The message is displayed for 15 seconds at the start of each ignition cycle. When the WASHER FLUID LOW ADD FLUID message displays, washer fluid will need to be added to the windshield washer fluid reservoir.

Open the cap with the washer symbol on it. Add washer fluid until the tank is full. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑5 for reservoir location.

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10-21

Notice

. When using concentrated

washer fluid, follow the manufacturer instructions for adding water.

. Do not mix water with

ready-to-use washer fluid. Water can cause the solution to freeze and damage the washer fluid tank and other parts of the washer system.

. Fill the washer fluid tank only

three-quarters full when it is very cold. This allows for fluid expansion if freezing occurs, which could damage the tank if it is completely full.

. Do not use engine coolant

(antifreeze) in the windshield washer. It can damage the windshield washer system and paint.

The level should be at the FULL COLD mark. If necessary, add only enough fluid to bring the level up to the mark. What to Use To determine what kind of fluid to use, see Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑13. Always use the proper fluid. Notice: Use of the incorrect fluid may damage the vehicle and the damages may not be covered by the vehicle's warranty. Always use the correct fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑13.

Washer Fluid

What to Use When windshield washer fluid needs to be added, be sure to read the manufacturer's instructions before use. Use a fluid that has sufficient protection against freezing in an area where the temperature may fall below freezing.

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Vehicle Care

Brakes This vehicle has disc brakes. Disc brake pads have built-in wear indicators that make a high-pitched warning sound when the brake pads are worn and new pads are needed. The sound can come and go or be heard all the time the vehicle is moving, except when applying the brake pedal firmly.

{ WARNING

The brake wear warning sound means that soon the brakes will not work well. That could lead to a crash. When the brake wear warning sound is heard, have the vehicle serviced.

Notice: Continuing to drive with worn-out brake pads could result in costly brake repair.

Some driving conditions or climates can cause a brake squeal when the brakes are first applied or lightly applied. This does not mean something is wrong with the brakes. Properly torqued wheel nuts are necessary to help prevent brake pulsation. When tires are rotated, inspect brake pads for wear and evenly tighten wheel nuts in the proper sequence to torque specifications in Capacities and Specifications on page 12‑2. Brake linings should always be replaced as complete axle sets. Brake Pedal Travel See your dealer if the brake pedal does not return to normal height, or if there is a rapid increase in pedal travel. This could be a sign that brake service might be required.

Brake Adjustment Every time the brakes are applied, with or without the vehicle moving, the brakes adjust for wear. Replacing Brake System Parts The braking system on a vehicle is complex. Its many parts have to be of top quality and work well together if the vehicle is to have really good braking. The vehicle was designed and tested with top-quality brake parts. When parts of the braking system are replaced, be sure to get new, approved replacement parts. If this is not done, the brakes might not work properly. For example, installing disc brake pads that are wrong for the vehicle, can change the balance between the front and rear brakes — for the worse. The braking performance expected can change in many other ways if the wrong replacement brake parts are installed.

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Brake Fluid

The brake master cylinder reservoir is filled with DOT 3 brake fluid. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑5 for the location of the reservoir. There are only two reasons why the brake fluid level in the reservoir might go down:

The brake fluid level goes down because of normal brake lining wear. When new linings are installed, the fluid level goes back up.

. A fluid leak in the brake

hydraulic system can also cause a low fluid level. Have the brake hydraulic system fixed, since a leak means that sooner or later the brakes will not work well.

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10-23

Do not top off the brake fluid. Adding fluid does not correct a leak. If fluid is added when the linings are worn, there will be too much fluid when new brake linings are installed. Add or remove brake fluid, as necessary, only when work is done on the brake hydraulic system.

{ WARNING

Refer to the Maintenance Schedule to determine when to check the brake fluid. See Maintenance Schedule on page 11‑3. Checking Brake Fluid Check brake fluid by looking at the brake fluid reservoir. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑5.

If too much brake fluid is added, it can spill on the engine and burn, if the engine is hot enough. You or others could be burned, and the vehicle could be damaged. Add brake fluid only when work is done on the brake hydraulic system. See “Checking Brake Fluid” in this section.

When the brake fluid falls to a low level, the brake warning light comes on. See Brake System Warning Light on page 5‑19.

The fluid level should be above MIN. If it is not, have the brake hydraulic system checked to see if there is a leak.

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Vehicle Care

After work is done on the brake hydraulic system, make sure the level is above the MIN but not over the MAX mark.

What to Add Use only new DOT 3 brake fluid from a sealed container. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑13. Always clean the brake fluid reservoir cap and the area around the cap before removing it. This helps keep dirt from entering the reservoir.

{ WARNING

With the wrong kind of fluid in the brake hydraulic system, the brakes might not work well. This could cause a crash. Always use the proper brake fluid.

Notice

. Using the wrong fluid can

badly damage brake hydraulic system parts. For example, just a few drops of mineral-based oil, such as engine oil, in the brake hydraulic system can damage brake hydraulic system parts so badly that they will have to be replaced. Do not let someone put in the wrong kind of fluid.

. If brake fluid is spilled on the

vehicle's painted surfaces, the paint finish can be damaged. Be careful not to spill brake fluid on the vehicle. If you do, wash it off immediately.

Battery If the vehicle is a hybrid, see the hybrid supplement for more information.

Refer to the replacement number on the original battery label when a new battery is needed. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑5 for battery location.

{ WARNING

Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling.

Vehicle Storage

{ WARNING

Batteries have acid that can burn you and gas that can explode. You can be badly hurt if you are not careful. See Jump Starting on page 10‑83 for tips on working around a battery without getting hurt.

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Vehicle Care

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Front Axle

When to Check and Change Lubricant It is not necessary to regularly check front axle fluid unless there is a leak suspected or an unusual noise is heard. A fluid loss could indicate a problem. Have it inspected and repaired.

How to Check Lubricant To get an accurate reading, the vehicle should be on a level surface.

Infrequent Usage: Remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery to keep the battery from running down. Extended Storage: Remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery or use a battery trickle charger.

All-Wheel Drive

Transfer Case If the vehicle is equipped with All-Wheel Drive, be sure to perform the lubricant checks described in this section.

When to Check Lubricant Refer to Maintenance Schedule on page 11‑3 to determine how often to check the lubricant.

How to Check Lubricant To get an accurate reading, the vehicle should be on a level surface.

A. Drain Plug B. Fill Plug If the level is below the bottom of the fill plug (B) hole, located on the transfer case, some lubricant will need to be added. Add enough lubricant to raise the level to the bottom of the fill plug (B) hole. Use care not to overtighten the plug.

What to Use Refer to Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑13 to determine what kind of lubricant to use.

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Vehicle Care

Also, if a vehicle has just been driven before checking the fluid level, it may appear lower than normal because fluid has traveled out along the axle tubes and has not drained back to the sump area. Therefore, a reading taken five minutes after the vehicle has been driven will appear to have a lower fluid level than a vehicle that has been stationary for an hour or two. Remember that the rear axle assembly must be supported to get a true reading.

What to Use Refer to Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑13 to determine what kind of lubricant to use.

Rear Axle

When to Check Lubricant It is not necessary to regularly check rear axle fluid unless there is a leak suspected or an unusual noise is heard. A fluid loss could indicate a problem. Have it inspected and repaired. All axle assemblies are filled by volume of fluid during production. They are not filled to reach a certain level. When checking the fluid level on any axle, variations in the readings can be caused by factory fill differences between the minimum and the maximum fluid volume.

A. Fill Plug B. Drain Plug . When the differential is cold, add

enough lubricant to raise the level from 0 mm (0 in) to 3.2 mm (1/8 in) below the fill plug (A) hole.

. When the differential is at

operating temperature (warm), add enough lubricant to raise the level to the bottom of the fill plug (A) hole.

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Vehicle Care

10-27

2. Firmly apply both the parking brake and the regular brake. See Parking Brake on page 9‑35. Do not use the accelerator pedal, and be ready to turn off the engine immediately if it starts.

3. Try to start the engine in each gear. The vehicle should start only in P (Park) or N (Neutral). If the vehicle starts in any other position, contact your dealer for service.

How to Check Lubricant

For All-Wheel-Drive vehicles, the proper level is from 1.0 mm to 19.0 mm (0.04 in to 0.75 in) below the bottom of the filler plug hole, located on the rear axle. Add only enough fluid to reach the proper level.

To get an accurate reading, the vehicle should be on a level surface.

For Two-Wheel-Drive vehicles, the proper level is from 15 mm to 40 mm (0.6 in to 1.6 in) below the bottom of the filler plug hole, located on the rear axle. Add only enough fluid to reach the proper level.

What to Use Refer to Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑13 to determine what kind of lubricant to use.

Starter Switch Check

{ WARNING When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.

1. Before starting this check, be

sure there is enough room around the vehicle.

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Vehicle Care

Automatic Transmission Shift Lock Control Function Check

{ WARNING When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.

1. Before starting this check, be

sure there is enough room around the vehicle. It should be parked on a level surface.

2. Firmly apply the parking brake.

See Parking Brake on page 9‑35. Be ready to apply the regular brake immediately if the vehicle begins to move.

3. With the engine off, turn the

ignition on, but do not start the engine. Without applying the regular brake, try to move the shift lever out of P (Park) with normal effort. If the shift lever moves out of P (Park), contact your dealer for service.

Ignition Transmission Lock Check While parked, and with the parking brake set, try to turn the ignition to LOCK/OFF in each shift lever position.

The ignition should turn to LOCK/OFF only when the shift lever is in P (Park). The ignition key should come out only in LOCK/OFF.

Contact your dealer if service is required.

Park Brake and P (Park) Mechanism Check { WARNING

When you are doing this check, the vehicle could begin to move. You or others could be injured and property could be damaged. Make sure there is room in front of the vehicle in case it begins to roll. Be ready to apply the regular brake at once should the vehicle begin to move.

Park on a fairly steep hill, with the vehicle facing downhill. Keeping your foot on the regular brake, set the parking brake.

To check the parking brake's holding ability: With the engine running and the transmission in N (Neutral), slowly remove foot pressure from the regular brake pedal. Do this until the vehicle is held by the parking brake only.

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To check the P (Park) mechanism's holding ability: With the engine running, shift to P (Park). Then release the parking brake followed by the regular brake.

Contact your dealer if service is required.

Wiper Blade Replacement Windshield wiper blades should be inspected for wear or cracking. See Maintenance Schedule on page 11‑3. Replacement blades come in different types and are removed in different ways. Front Wiper Blade Replacement 1. Pull the windshield wiper arm

connector away from the windshield.

2. Squeeze the grooved areas on each side of the blade, and turn the blade assembly away from the arm connector.

3.

Install the new blade onto the arm connector and make sure the grooved areas are fully set in the locked position.

For the proper type and size, see Maintenance Replacement Parts on page 11‑15.

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10-29

Rear Wiper Blade Replacement 1. Lift the wiper blade assembly up and out of the park rest position.

2. Pull the wiper blade assembly away from the backglass. The backglass wiper blade will not lock in a vertical position, so care should be used when pulling it away from the vehicle. 3. Turn the wiper blade assembly, and pull it off of the wiper arm. Hold the wiper arm in position and push the blade away from the wiper arm.

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Headlamp Aiming Headlamp aim has been preset and should need no further adjustment. If the vehicle is damaged in a crash, the headlamp aim may be affected. If adjustment to the headlamps is necessary, see your dealer.

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Vehicle Care

4. Replace the wiper blade. 5. Return the wiper blade assembly

to the park rest position.

Glass Replacement If the windshield or front side glass must be replaced, see your dealer to determine the correct replacement glass.

Bulb Replacement For the proper type of replacement bulbs, see Replacement Bulbs on page 10‑32. For any bulb‐changing procedure not listed in this section, contact your dealer.

High Intensity Discharge (HID) Lighting

{ WARNING

The high intensity discharge lighting system operates at a very high voltage. If you try to service any of the system components, you could be seriously injured. Have your dealer or a qualified technician service them.

The vehicle may have HID headlamps. After an HID headlamp bulb has been replaced, you may

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Vehicle Care

10-31

6. Press a new bulb into the

socket, insert the socket into the taillamp assembly and turn the socket clockwise into the taillamp assembly.

7. Reinstall the taillamp assembly. When reinstalling, make sure to line up the pins on the taillamp assembly with the vehicle. If the pins do not line up correctly, the taillamp assembly will not be able to be installed properly. If the taillamp, stoplamp, or turn signal need to be replaced, see your dealer for service.

notice that the beam is a slightly different shade than it was originally. This is normal.

LED Lighting This vehicle has several LED lamps. For replacement of any LED lighting assembly, contact your dealer.

Back-Up Lamps To replace this bulb:

1. Open the liftgate. See Liftgate

on page 2‑8 for more information.

2. Remove the two screws from the

taillamp assembly.

3. Pull the taillamp assembly

rearward until the inner pins on the taillamp assembly disengage from the vehicle. 4. Turn the socket

counterclockwise to remove it from the taillamp assembly. 5. Pull the old bulb straight out

from the socket.

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Vehicle Care

License Plate Lamp

1. Remove the two screws holding each of the license plate lamps to the molding that is part of the liftgate.

2. Twist and pull the license plate lamp assembly forward through the molding opening.

3. Remove the bulb socket from

the lamp assembly by turning it counterclockwise.

4. Pull the bulb straight out of the socket and install the new bulb.

5. Reverse Steps 1–3 to reinstall

the license plate lamp.

Replacement Bulbs

Exterior Lamp

Back-up Lamp License Plate Lamp

Bulb

Number

7441

W5W LL

For replacement bulbs not listed here, contact your dealer.

Electrical System

Electrical System Overload The vehicle has fuses and circuit breakers to protect against an electrical system overload. When the current electrical load is too heavy, the circuit breaker opens and closes, protecting the circuit until the current load returns to normal or the problem is fixed. This greatly reduces the chance of circuit overload and fire caused by electrical problems. Fuses and circuit breakers protect power devices in the vehicle. Replace a bad fuse with a new one of the identical size and rating. If there is a problem on the road and a fuse needs to be replaced, the same amperage fuse can be borrowed. Choose some feature of the vehicle that is not needed to use and replace it as soon as possible.

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Headlamp Wiring An electrical overload may cause the lamps to go on and off, or in some cases to remain off. Have the headlamp wiring checked right away if the lamps go on and off or remain off. Windshield Wipers If the wiper motor overheats due to heavy snow or ice, the windshield wipers will stop until the motor cools and will then restart. Although the circuit is protected from electrical overload, overload due to heavy snow or ice may cause wiper linkage damage. Always clear ice and heavy snow from the windshield before using the windshield wipers. If the overload is caused by an electrical problem and not snow or ice, be sure to get it fixed.

Fuses and Circuit Breakers If the vehicle is a hybrid, see the hybrid supplement for more information. The wiring circuits in the vehicle are protected from short circuits by a combination of fuses, circuit breakers and fusible thermal links. This greatly reduces the chance of fires caused by electrical problems. Look at the silver-colored band inside the fuse. If the band is broken or melted, replace the fuse. Be sure you replace a bad fuse with a new one of the identical size and rating. If you ever have a problem on the road and don't have a spare fuse, you can borrow one that has the same amperage. Just pick some feature of your vehicle that you can get along without– like the radio or accessory power outlet– and use its fuse, if it is the correct amperage. Replace it as soon as you can.

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10-33

Engine Compartment Fuse Block

The Engine Compartment Fuse Block is located in the engine compartment, on the driver side of the vehicle. Lift the cover for access to the fuse/relay block. If the vehicle is a hybrid, see the hybrid supplement for more information. Notice: Spilling liquid on any electrical component on the vehicle may damage it. Always keep the covers on any electrical component. To remove fuses, hold the end of the fuse between your thumb and index finger and pull straight out.

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Vehicle Care

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The vehicle may not be equipped with all of the fuses, relays, and features shown.

Fuses

Usage

Right Trailer Stop/ Turn Lamp Electronic Stability Suspension Control, Automatic Level Control Exhaust Left Trailer Stop/ Turn Lamp Engine Controls Engine Control Module, Throttle Control Trailer Brake Controller Front Washer Oxygen Sensors Antilock Brakes System 2

Fuses

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17