2013 Cadillac Escalade Owners Manual

be used to inflate an under inflated tire. If the tire has been separated from the wheel, has damaged sidewalls, or has a large puncture, the tire is too severely damaged for the tire sealant and compressor kit to be effective. See Roadside Service (Mexico) on page 13‑7 or Roadside Service (U.S. and Canada) on page 13‑10. Read and follow all of the tire sealant and compressor kit instructions.

Vehicle Care

10-63

The kit includes:

A. Air Compressor B. Tire Sealant Canister C. Power Plug D. On/Off Button E. Pressure Gauge F. Air Only Hose (Black) G. Sealant/Air Hose (Clear)

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (64,1)

10-64

Vehicle Care

Tire Sealant Read and follow the safe handling instructions on the label adhered to the sealant canister. Check the tire sealant expiration date on the sealant canister. The sealant canister should be replaced before its expiration date. Replacement sealant canisters are available at your local dealer. See “Removal and Installation of the Sealant Canister” following. There is only enough sealant to seal one tire. After usage, the sealant canister and sealant/air hose assembly must be replaced. See “Removal and Installation of the Sealant Canister” following. Using the Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit to Temporarily Seal and Inflate a Punctured Tire Follow the directions closely for correct sealant usage.

Do not remove any objects that have penetrated the tire. 1. Remove the tire sealant and

compressor kit from its storage location. See Storing the Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit on page 10‑69. Make sure the on/off button (D) is in the off (O) position.

2. Unwrap the sealant/air hose (G)

and the power plug (C).

3. Place the kit on the ground.

Make sure the tire valve stem is positioned close to the ground so the hose will reach it.

4. Remove the valve stem cap from

the flat tire by turning it counterclockwise.

5. Attach the sealant/air hose (G) onto the tire valve stem. Turn it clockwise until it is tight.

When using the tire sealant and compressor kit during cold temperatures, warm the kit in a heated environment for five minutes. This will help to inflate the tire faster. If a tire goes flat, avoid further tire and wheel damage by driving slowly to a level place. Turn on the hazard warning flashers. See If a Tire Goes Flat on page 10‑61 for other important safety warnings.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (65,1)

6. Plug the power plug (C) into the

accessory power outlet in the vehicle. Unplug all items from other accessory power outlets. See Power Outlets on page 5‑7
in the owner manual. If the vehicle has an accessory power outlet, do not use the cigarette lighter. If the vehicle only has a cigarette lighter, use the cigarette lighter. Do not pinch the power plug cord in the door or window.

7. Start the vehicle. The vehicle

must be running while using the air compressor.

8. Press the on/off (D) button to

turn the tire sealant and compressor kit on. The compressor will inject sealant and air into the tire. The pressure gauge (E) will initially show a high pressure while the compressor pushes the sealant into the tire. Once the sealant is completely dispersed

9.

into the tire, the pressure will quickly drop and start to rise again as the tire inflates with air only. Inflate the tire to the recommended inflation pressure using the pressure gauge (E). The recommended inflation pressure can be found on the Tire and Loading Information label. See Tire Pressure on page 10‑47. The pressure gauge (E) may read higher than the actual tire pressure while the compressor is on. Turn the compressor off to get an accurate pressure reading. The compressor may be turned on/off until the correct pressure is reached.

Notice: If the recommended pressure cannot be reached after approximately 25 minutes, the vehicle should not be driven farther. The tire is too severely damaged and the tire sealant and compressor kit cannot inflate the

Vehicle Care

10-65

tire. Remove the power plug from the accessory power outlet and unscrew the inflating hose from the tire valve. See Roadside Service (Mexico) on page 13‑7 or Roadside Service (U.S. and Canada) on page 13‑10. 10. Press the on/off button (D) to

turn the tire sealant and compressor kit off. The tire is not sealed and will continue to leak air until the vehicle is driven and the sealant is distributed in the tire, therefore, Steps 11 through 17 must be done immediately after Step 10. Be careful while handling the tire sealant and compressor kit as it could be warm after usage.

11. Unplug the power plug (C) from

the accessory power outlet in the vehicle.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (66,1)

10-66

Vehicle Care

12. Turn the sealant/air hose (G) counterclockwise to remove it from the tire valve stem.

13. Replace the tire valve

17.

stem cap.

14. Replace the sealant/air hose (G), and the power plug (C) back in their original location.

15.

If the flat tire was able to inflate to the recommended inflation pressure, remove the maximum speed label from the tire sealant canister (B) and place it in a highly visible location. Do not exceed the speed on this label until the damaged tire is repaired or replaced.

16. Return the equipment to its

original storage location in the vehicle. Immediately drive the vehicle 8 km (5 mi) to distribute the sealant in the tire.

18. Stop at a safe location and

check the tire pressure. Refer to Steps 1 through 11 under “Using the Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit without Sealant to Inflate a Tire (Not Punctured).” If the tire pressure has fallen more than 68 kPa (10 psi) below the recommended inflation pressure, stop driving the vehicle. The tire is too severely damaged and the tire sealant cannot seal the tire. See Roadside Service (Mexico) on page 13‑7 or Roadside Service (U.S. and Canada) on page 13‑10.

If the tire pressure has not dropped more than 68 kPa (10 psi) from the recommended inflation pressure, inflate the tire to the recommended inflation pressure.

19. Wipe off any sealant from the

wheel, tire or vehicle.

20. Dispose of the used tire sealant canister (B) and sealant/air hose (G) assembly at a local dealer or in accordance with local regulations and practices.

21. Replace it with a new canister

available from your dealer.

22. After temporarily sealing a tire

using the tire sealant and compressor kit, take the vehicle to an authorized dealer within a 161 km (100 mi) of driving to have the tire repaired or replaced.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (67,1)

Using the Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit without Sealant to Inflate a Tire (Not Punctured) To use the air compressor to inflate a tire with air only and not sealant:

If a tire goes flat, avoid further tire and wheel damage by driving slowly to a level place. Turn on the hazard warning flashers.

Vehicle Care

10-67

See If a Tire Goes Flat on page 10‑61 for other important safety warnings. 1. Remove the tire sealant and

compressor kit from its storage location. See Storing the Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit on page 10‑69.

2. Unlock the air only hose (F) from

the tire sealant canister (B) by pulling up on the lever.

3. Pull the air only hose (F) from

the tire sealant canister (B).

8. Plug the power plug (C) into the

accessory power outlet in the vehicle. Unplug all items from other accessory power outlets. See Power Outlets on page 5‑7
in the owner manual. If the vehicle has an accessory power outlet, do not use the cigarette lighter. If the vehicle only has a cigarette lighter, use the cigarette lighter. Do not pinch the power plug cord in the door or window.

4. Remove the power plug (C) from

9. Start the vehicle. The vehicle

the air compressor (A).

5. Place the kit on the ground.

Make sure the tire valve stem is positioned close to the ground so the hose will reach it.

6. Remove the tire valve stem cap

by turning it counterclockwise.

7. Attach the air only hose (F) onto the tire valve stem and press the lever down to secure it.

must be running while using the air compressor.

10. Press the on/off (D) button to

turn the compressor on. The compressor will inflate the tire with air only.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (68,1)

10-68

Vehicle Care

11.

Inflate the tire to the recommended inflation pressure using the pressure gauge (E). The recommended inflation pressure can be found on the Tire and Loading Information label. See Tire Pressure on page 10‑47. The pressure gauge (E) may read higher than the actual tire pressure while the compressor is on. Turn the compressor off to get an accurate reading. The compressor may be turned on/ off until the correct pressure is reached.

14. Disconnect the air only

hose (F) from the tire valve stem, by turning it counterclockwise, and replace the tire valve stem cap.

15. Replace the air only hose (F)

and the power plug (C) back in its original location.

16. Place the equipment in the

original storage location in the vehicle.

Removal and Installation of the Sealant Canister To remove the sealant canister:

2. Pull the air only hose (F) from

the tire sealant canister (B).

3. Unwrap the sealant/air hose (G)

from the compressor (A).

12. Press the on/off button (D) to

turn the tire sealant and compressor kit off. Be careful while handling the tire sealant and compressor kit as it could be warm after usage.

13. Unplug the power plug (C) from

the accessory power outlet in the vehicle.

1. Unlock the air only hose (F) from

the tire sealant canister (B) by pulling up on the lever.

4. Turn the tire sealant canister (B)

so the inflator filling hose is aligned with the slot in the compressor.

5. Lift the tire sealant canister (B)

from the compressor and replace with a new sealant canister. See your dealer for more information.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (69,1)

To install a new sealant canister: 1. Align the sealant/air hose (G)

with the slot in the air compressor.

2. Push the tire sealant canister (B)

down and turn it clockwise.

3. Wrap the sealant/air hose (G)

around the air compressor channel to stow it in its original location.

4. Push the air only hose (F) onto

the sealant canister inlet and push the lever down.

Storing the Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit The tire sealant and compressor kit is located under the storage tray on the driver side trim panel (over the rear wheelhouse).

Vehicle Care

10-69

To access the tire sealant and compressor kit:

1. Remove the tray by pulling up

on the finger depression to access the tire sealant and compressor kit.

2. Locate the tire sealant and

compressor kit.

3. Remove the sealant and

compressor kit by pulling the velcro strip up and back. 4. Remove the sealant and

compressor kit from its plastic tray assembly.

To store the tire sealant and compressor kit, reverse the steps.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (70,1)

10-70

Vehicle Care

Tire Changing

Removing the Spare Tire and Tools The equipment needed to change a flat tire is stored under the storage tray, located on the driver side trim panel, over the rear wheelhouse.

Regular Wheelbase Shown, Extended Wheelbase Similar. 1. Remove the tray to access the tools by pulling up on the finger depression under the jack symbol.

A. Jack Knob B. Wing Nut Retaining the

Tool Bag

C. Wing Nut Retaining the

Wheel Blocks

2. Turn the wing nut retaining the

tool bag (B) counterclockwise to remove it.

3. Turn the jack knob (A)

counterclockwise to release the jack and wheel blocks from the bracket.

4. Turn the wing nut retaining the

wheel blocks (C) counterclockwise to remove the wheel blocks and the wheel block retainer.

Use the following tools:

A. Jack B. Wheel Blocks C. Jack Handle D. Jack Handle Extensions E. Wheel Wrench

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (71,1)

To access the spare tire:

J. Hoist End of Extension Tool K. Spare Tire Lock 1. To reach the hoist shaft access

cover (C), remove the hitch cover by turning the two fasteners located at the bottom of the cover counterclockwise and then pull the cover down and rotate it towards you.

A. Hoist Assembly B. Hoist Shaft C. Hoist Shaft Access Cover/Hole D. Jack Handle Extensions E. Wheel Wrench F. Hoist Cable G. Tire/Wheel Retainer H. Spare Tire (Valve Stem

Pointed Down)

I. Hoist Shaft Access Hole

2. Open the hoist shaft access

cover on the bumper to access the spare tire lock.

Vehicle Care

10-71

3. To remove the spare tire lock insert the ignition key, turn it clockwise and then pull the lock out.

4. Assemble the two jack handle

extensions (D) and wheel wrench (E), as shown.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (72,1)

10-72

Vehicle Care

If the spare tire does not lower to the ground, the secondary latch is engaged causing the tire not to lower. See Secondary Latch System on page 10‑79 for more information.

7. Use the wheel wrench hook to

pull the hoist cable closer to assist in reaching the spare tire.

5.

Insert the open end of the extension (J) through the hole in the rear bumper (I) (hoist shaft access hole). Be sure the hoist end (J) of the extension connects to the hoist shaft. The ribbed square end of the extension is used to lower the spare tire.

6. Turn the wheel wrench

counterclockwise to lower the spare tire to the ground. Continue to turn the wheel wrench until the spare tire can be pulled out from under the vehicle.

8. Tilt the tire toward the vehicle

with some slack in the cable to access the tire/wheel retainer. Separate the retainer from the guide pin by sliding the retainer up the pin while pressing down on the latch.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (73,1)

Vehicle Care

10-73

Jacking Locations (Overall View)

A. Front Position B. Rear Position

{ WARNING

Getting under a vehicle when it is lifted on a jack is dangerous. If the vehicle slips off the jack, you could be badly injured or killed. Never get under a vehicle when it is supported only by a jack.

3. Use the wheel wrench to loosen

all the wheel nuts. Turn the wheel wrench counterclockwise to loosen the wheel nuts. Do not remove the wheel nuts yet.

Once the retainer is separated from the pin, tilt the retainer and pull it through the center of the wheel along with the cable and latch.

9. Put the spare tire near the

flat tire.

Removing the Flat Tire and Installing the Spare Tire 1. Do a safety check before

proceeding. See If a Tire Goes Flat on page 10‑61 for more information.

2. To remove the center cap, place

the chiseled end of the wheel wrench in the slot on the wheel and gently pry the cap out.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (74,1)

10-74

Vehicle Care

{ WARNING

4. Position the jack under the

vehicle as shown.

Raising the vehicle with the jack improperly positioned can damage the vehicle and even make the vehicle fall. To help avoid personal injury and vehicle damage, be sure to fit the jack lift head into the proper location before raising the vehicle.

Raise the vehicle far enough off the ground so there is enough room for the spare tire to clear the ground.

Front Position

Front Tire Flat: If the flat tire is on a front tire of the vehicle, use the jack handle and only one jack handle extension. Attach the wheel wrench to the jack handle extension. Attach the jack handle to the jack (A). Position the jack on the frame behind the flat tire where the frame sections overlap. Turn the wheel wrench clockwise to raise the vehicle.

Rear Position

Rear Tire Flat: If the flat tire is on a rear tire of the vehicle, use the jack handle (B) and both jack handle extensions (C). Attach the wheel wrench (D) to the jack handle extensions (C). Attach the jack handle (B) to the jack (A). Use the jacking pad (E) provided on the rear axle. Turn the wheel wrench (D) clockwise

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (75,1)

Vehicle Care

10-75

to raise the vehicle. Raise the vehicle far enough off the ground so there is enough room for the spare tire to clear the ground.

{ WARNING

Rust or dirt on a wheel, or on the parts to which it is fastened, can make wheel nuts become loose after time. The wheel could come off and cause an accident. When changing a wheel, remove any rust or dirt from places where the wheel attaches to the vehicle. In an emergency, a cloth or a paper towel can be used; however, use a scraper or wire brush later to remove all rust or dirt.

5. Remove all of the wheel nuts. 6. Take off the flat tire.

7. Remove any rust or dirt from the wheel bolts, mounting surfaces, and spare wheel.

{ WARNING

Never use oil or grease on bolts or nuts because the nuts might come loose. The vehicle's wheel could fall off, causing a crash.

8. Put the wheel nuts back on with

the rounded end of the nuts toward the wheel after mounting the spare tire.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (76,1)

10-76

Vehicle Care

9. Tighten each wheel nut by hand.

Then use the wheel wrench to tighten the nuts until the wheel is held against the hub.

10. Turn the wheel wrench

counterclockwise to lower the vehicle. Lower the jack completely.

{ WARNING

Notice: Improperly tightened wheel nuts can lead to brake pulsation and rotor damage. To avoid expensive brake repairs, evenly tighten the wheel nuts in the proper sequence and to the proper torque specification. See Capacities and Specifications on page 12‑2 for the wheel nut torque specification.

Wheel nuts that are improperly or incorrectly tightened can cause the wheels to become loose or come off. The wheel nuts should be tightened with a torque wrench to the proper torque specification after replacing. Follow the torque specification supplied by the aftermarket manufacturer when using accessory locking wheel nuts. See Capacities and Specifications on page 12‑2 for original equipment wheel nut torque specifications.

11. Tighten the nuts firmly in a

crisscross sequence as shown by turning the wheel wrench clockwise.

When reinstalling the regular wheel and tire, also reinstall the center cap. Line the tab on the back of the cap with the slot in the wheel. Place the cap on the wheel and press until it snaps into place. Storing a Flat or Spare Tire and Tools

{ WARNING

Storing a jack, a tire, or other equipment in the passenger compartment of the vehicle could cause injury. In a sudden stop or collision, loose equipment could strike someone. Store all these in the proper place.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (77,1)

Vehicle Care

10-77

2. Tilt the tire toward the vehicle.

Separate the tire/wheel retainer from the guide pin. Pull the pin through the center of the wheel. Tilt the retainer down and through the center wheel opening.

Notice: Storing an aluminum wheel with a flat tire under your vehicle for an extended period of time or with the valve stem pointing up can damage the wheel. Always stow the wheel with the valve stem pointing down and have the wheel/tire repaired as soon as possible. Store the tire under the rear of the vehicle in the spare tire carrier.

D. Jack Handle Extensions E. Wheel Wrench F. Hoist Cable G. Tire/Wheel Retainer H. Spare Tire/Flat Tire (Valve Stem

Pointed Down)

I. Hoist Shaft Access Hole J. Hoist End of Extension Tool K. Spare Tire Lock 1. Put the tire (H) on the ground at

the rear of the vehicle with the valve stem pointed down and to the rear.

A. Hoist Assembly B. Hoist Shaft C. Hoist Shaft Access Cover/Hole

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (78,1)

10-78

Vehicle Care

4.

Insert the open end of the extension (J) through the hole in the rear bumper (I) (hoist shaft access hole).

5. Raise the tire part way upward.

Make sure the retainer is fully seated across the underside of the wheel and centered in the wheel opening.

6. Raise the tire fully against the

underside of the vehicle by turning the wheel wrench clockwise until you hear two clicks or feel it skip twice. You cannot overtighten the cable.

3. Assemble the two jack handle

extensions (D) and wheel wrench (E), as shown.

7. Make sure the tire is stored

securely. Push, pull (A), and then try to turn (B) the tire. If the tire moves, use the wheel wrench to tighten the cable.

8. Reinstall the spare tire lock. 9. Reinstall the hoist shaft access

cover.

10. Reinstall the hitch cover.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (79,1)

Vehicle Care

10-79

To store the tools:

A. Wheel Blocks B. Tool Bag C. Retaining Bracket D. Wing Nut Retaining Tool Bag E. Jack F. Wing Nut Retaining Wheel

Blocks

G. Jack Knob

1. Return the tools (wheel wrench,

jack handle, and jack handle extensions) to the tool bag (B). 2. Assemble wheel blocks (A) and

jack (E) together with the wing nut retaining the wheel blocks (F).

3. Position the jack (E) and wheel blocks (A) in the driver side trim panel over the wheelhouse.

4. Turn the jack knob (G) clockwise

until the jack is secured tight in the mounting bracket. Be sure to position the holes in the base of the jack onto the pin in the mounting bracket.

5. Use the retaining bracket (C) to

fasten the tool bag (B) on the stud and turn the wing nut retaining the tool bag (D) clockwise to secure.

Regular Wheelbase shown, Extended Wheelbase similar.

6. Return the storage tray to its

original stored position.

Secondary Latch System This vehicle has an underbody-mounted tire hoist assembly equipped with a secondary latch system. It is designed to stop the spare tire from suddenly falling off your vehicle.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (80,1)

10-80

Vehicle Care

For the secondary latch to work, the spare must be installed with the valve stem pointing down. See “Storing a Flat or Spare Tire and Tools” under Tire Changing on page 10‑70.

{ WARNING

Before beginning this procedure read all the instructions. Failure to read and follow the instructions could damage the hoist assembly and you and others could get hurt. Read and follow the instructions listed next.

3. Loosen the cable by turning the wrench counterclockwise three or four turns.

4. Repeat this procedure at least

two times. If the spare tire lowers to the ground, continue with Step 5 under “Removing the Spare Tire and Tools” under Tire Changing on page 10‑70. If the spare does not lower, turn the wrench counterclockwise until approximately 15 cm (6 in) of cable is exposed.

5.

6. Stand the wheel blocks on their

shortest ends, with the backs facing each other.

To release the spare tire from the secondary latch:

1. Check under the vehicle to see if

2.

the cable end is visible. If the cable is not visible proceed to Step 6. If it is visible, first try to tighten the cable by turning the wheel wrench clockwise until you hear two clicks or feel it skip twice. You cannot overtighten the cable.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (81,1)

Vehicle Care

10-81

10. Turn the wrench clockwise to

raise the jack until it lifts the end fitting.

11. Continue raising the jack until

the spare tire stops moving upward and is held firmly in place. The secondary latch has released and the spare tire is balancing on the jack.

12. Lower the jack by turning the

wheel wrench counterclockwise. Keep lowering the jack until the spare tire slides off the jack or is hanging by the cable.

{ WARNING

Someone standing too close during the procedure could be injured by the jack. If the spare tire does not slide off the jack completely, make sure no one is behind you or on either side of you as you pull the jack out from under the spare.

8. Attach the jack handle,

extension, and wheel wrench to the jack and place it (with the wheel blocks) under the vehicle toward the front of the rear bumper.

A. Jack B. Wheel Blocks

7. Place the bottom edge of the

jack (A) on the wheel blocks (B), separating them so that the jack is balanced securely.

9. Position the center lift point of

the jack under the center of the spare tire.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (82,1)

10-82

Vehicle Care

13. Disconnect the jack handle from the jack and carefully remove the jack. Use one hand to push against the spare while firmly pulling the jack out from under the spare tire with the other hand. If the spare tire is hanging from the cable, insert the hoist end of extension, and wheel wrench into the hoist shaft hole in the bumper and turn the wheel wrench counterclockwise to lower the spare the rest of the way.

14. Turn the wheel wrench in the hoist shaft hole in the bumper clockwise to raise the cable back up if the cable is hanging under the vehicle.

Have the hoist assembly inspected as soon as you can. You will not be able to store a spare or flat tire using the hoist assembly until it has been inspected and/or replaced. To continue changing the flat tire, see “Removing the Flat Tire and Installing the Spare Tire” under Tire Changing on page 10‑70.

Full-Size Spare Tire If this vehicle came with a full-size spare tire, it was fully inflated when new, however, it can lose air over time. Check the inflation pressure regularly. See Tire Pressure on page 10‑47 and Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑15 for information regarding proper tire inflation and loading the vehicle. For instructions on how to remove, install, or store a spare tire, see Tire Changing on page 10‑70.

After installing the spare tire on the vehicle, stop as soon as possible and check that the spare is correctly inflated. The spare tire is made to perform well at speeds up to 112 km/h (70 mph) at the recommended inflation pressure, so you can finish your trip. Have the damaged or flat road tire repaired or replaced and installed back onto the vehicle as soon as possible so the spare tire will be available in case it is needed again. Do not mix tires and wheels of different sizes, because they will not fit. Keep the spare tire and its wheel together.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (83,1)

Jump Starting For more information about the vehicle battery, see Battery on page 10‑24. If the vehicle is a hybrid, see the hybrid supplement for more information. If the vehicle's battery has run down, you may want to use another vehicle and some jumper cables to start your vehicle. Be sure to use the following steps to do it safely.

{ WARNING

Batteries can hurt you. They can be dangerous because:

. They contain acid that can

burn you.

. They contain gas that can

explode or ignite.

. They contain enough electricity to burn you.

(Continued)

WARNING (Continued)

If you do not follow these steps exactly, some or all of these things can hurt you.

Notice: Ignoring these steps could result in costly damage to the vehicle that would not be covered by the warranty. Trying to start the vehicle by pushing or pulling it will not work, and it could damage the vehicle. 1. Check the other vehicle. It must

have a 12-volt battery with a negative ground system.

Notice: Only use a vehicle that has a 12-volt system with a negative ground for jump starting. If the other vehicle does not have a 12-volt system with a negative ground, both vehicles can be damaged.

Vehicle Care

10-83

2. Get the vehicles close enough

so the jumper cables can reach, but be sure the vehicles are not touching each other. If they are, it could cause a ground connection you do not want. You would not be able to start your vehicle, and the bad grounding could damage the electrical systems. To avoid the possibility of the vehicles rolling, set the parking brake firmly on both vehicles involved in the jump start procedure. Put the automatic transmission in P (Park) or a manual transmission in N (Neutral) before setting the parking brake. If you have a four-wheel-drive vehicle, be sure that the transfer case is in a drive gear, not in N (Neutral).

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (84,1)

10-84

Vehicle Care

Notice: If any accessories are left on or plugged in during the jump starting procedure, they could be damaged. The repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Whenever possible, turn off or unplug all accessories on either vehicle when jump starting the vehicle. 3. Turn off the ignition on both

vehicles. Unplug unnecessary accessories plugged into the accessory power outlets. Turn off the radio and all the lamps that are not needed. This avoids sparks and helps save both batteries. And it could save the radio!

4. Open the hood on the other

vehicle and locate the positive (+) and negative (−) terminal locations on that vehicle.

Your vehicle has a remote positive (+) jump starting terminal and a remote negative (−) jump starting terminal. You should always use these remote terminals instead of the terminals on the battery. If the vehicle has a remote positive (+) terminal, it is located under a red plastic cover at the positive battery post. To uncover the remote positive (+) terminal, open the red plastic cover.

The remote negative (−) terminal is a stud located on the right front of the engine, where the negative battery cable attaches. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑5 for more information on the location of the remote positive (+) and remote negative (−) terminals. { WARNING

An electric fan can start up even when the engine is not running and can injure you. Keep hands, clothing and tools away from any underhood electric fan.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (85,1)

{ WARNING

{ WARNING

Using an open flame near a battery can cause battery gas to explode. People have been hurt doing this, and some have been blinded. Use a flashlight if you need more light. Be sure the battery has enough water. You do not need to add water to the battery installed in your new vehicle. But if a battery has filler caps, be sure the right amount of fluid is there. If it is low, add water to take care of that first. If you do not, explosive gas could be present. Battery fluid contains acid that can burn you. Do not get it on you. If you accidentally get it in your eyes or on your skin, flush the place with water and get medical help immediately.

Fans or other moving engine parts can injure you badly. Keep your hands away from moving parts once the engine is running.

5. Check that the jumper cables do

not have loose or missing insulation. If they do, you could get a shock. The vehicles could be damaged too. Before you connect the cables, here are some basic things you should know. Positive (+) will go to positive (+) or to a remote positive (+) terminal if the vehicle has one. Negative (−) will go to a heavy, unpainted metal engine part or to a remote negative (−) terminal if the vehicle has one.

Vehicle Care

10-85

Do not connect positive (+) to negative (−) or you will get a short that would damage the battery and maybe other parts too. And do not connect the negative (−) cable to the negative (−) terminal on the dead battery because this can cause sparks.

6. Connect the red positive (+)

cable to the positive (+) terminal of the vehicle with the dead battery. Use a remote positive (+) terminal if the vehicle has one.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (86,1)

10-86

Vehicle Care

7. Do not let the other end touch

10. Now start the vehicle with the

good battery and run the engine for a while.

11. Try to start the vehicle that had

the dead battery. If it will not start after a few tries, it probably needs service.

Notice: If the jumper cables are connected or removed in the wrong order, electrical shorting may occur and damage the vehicle. The repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Always connect and remove the jumper cables in the correct order, making sure that the cables do not touch each other or other metal.

metal. Connect it to the positive (+) terminal of the good battery. Use a remote positive (+) terminal if the vehicle has one.

8. Now connect the black

negative (−) cable to the negative (−) terminal of the good battery. Use a remote negative (−) terminal if the vehicle has one. Do not let the other end touch anything until the next step. The other end of the negative (−) cable does not go to the dead battery. It goes to a heavy, unpainted metal engine part or to the remote negative (−) terminal on the vehicle with the dead battery.

9. Connect the other end of the

negative (−) cable to the remote negative (−) terminal, on the vehicle with the dead battery.

Jumper Cable Removal

A. Heavy, Unpainted Metal Engine

Part or Remote Negative (−) Terminal

B. Good Battery or Remote Positive (+) and Remote Negative (−) Terminals

C. Dead Battery or Remote

Positive (+) Terminal

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (87,1)

To disconnect the jumper cables from both vehicles do the following: 1. Disconnect the black

negative (−) cable from the vehicle that had the bad battery.

2. Disconnect the black

negative (−) cable from the vehicle with the good battery.

3. Disconnect the red positive (+) cable from the vehicle with the good battery.

4. Disconnect the red positive (+)

cable from the other vehicle.

5. Return the remote positive (+)

terminal cover, if the vehicle has one, to its original position.

Towing

Towing the Vehicle Notice: Incorrectly towing a disabled vehicle may cause damage. The damage would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Have the vehicle towed on a flatbed car carrier or a wheel lift tow truck. If a wheel lift tow truck is used, the drive wheels cannot contact the road while the vehicle is being towed. A wheel dolly must be used to lift all drive wheels off the ground. Consult your dealer or a professional towing service if the disabled vehicle must be towed. To tow the vehicle behind another vehicle for recreational purposes, such as behind a motor home, see “Recreational Vehicle Towing” in this section.

Vehicle Care

10-87

Recreational Vehicle Towing If the vehicle is a hybrid, see the hybrid supplement for more information. Recreational vehicle towing means towing the vehicle behind another vehicle – such as behind a motorhome. The two most common types of recreational vehicle towing are known as “dinghy towing” (towing the vehicle with all four wheels on the ground) and “dolly towing” (towing the vehicle with two wheels on the ground and two wheels up on a device known as a “dolly”).

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (88,1)

10-88

Vehicle Care

Here are some important things to consider before recreational vehicle towing: . What is the towing capacity of the towing vehicle? Be sure to read the tow vehicle manufacturer's recommendations.

All-Wheel-Drive Vehicles

Dinghy and Dolly Towing

. What is the distance that will be travelled? Some vehicles have restrictions on how far and how long they can tow. Is the proper towing equipment going to be used? See your dealer or trailering professional for additional advice and equipment recommendations. Is the vehicle ready to be towed? Just as preparing the vehicle for a long trip, make sure the vehicle is prepared to be towed.

Notice: Towing an all-wheel-drive vehicle with all four wheels on the ground, or even with only two of its wheels on the ground, will damage drivetrain components. Do not tow an all-wheel-drive vehicle with any of its wheels on the ground. All-wheel-drive vehicles are not designed to be towed with any wheels on the ground. If the vehicle must be towed, see Towing Your Vehicle previously.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (89,1)

Two-Wheel-Drive Vehicles

Dinghy Towing

Vehicle Care

10-89

transmissions have no provisions for internal lubrication while being towed. To dolly tow a two‐wheel‐drive vehicle, the vehicle must be towed with the rear wheels on the dolly. See “Dolly Towing (Rear Wheels Off the Ground)” following.

Dolly Towing (Front Wheels Off the Ground)

The repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Never tow the vehicle with the rear wheels on the ground. Two-wheel-drive vehicles should not be towed with the rear wheels on the ground. Two-wheel-drive transmissions have no provisions for internal lubrication while being towed.

Notice: If a two-wheel-drive vehicle is towed with all four wheels on the ground, the transmission could be damaged. The repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Do not tow a two-wheel-drive vehicle with all four wheels on the ground. Two-wheel-drive vehicles should not be towed with all four wheels on the ground. Two-wheel-drive

Notice: If a two-wheel drive vehicle is towed with the rear wheels on the ground, the transmission could be damaged.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (90,1)

10-90

Vehicle Care

Dolly Towing (Rear Wheels Off the Ground)

2. Drive the rear wheels onto the

dolly.

3. Firmly set the parking brake.

See Parking Brake on page 9‑35.

4. Put the transmission in P (Park). 5. Secure the vehicle to the dolly

following the manufacturer's instructions.

6. Use an adequate clamping

device designed for towing to ensure that the front wheels are locked into the straight position. 7. Turn the ignition to LOCK/OFF.

Use the following procedure to dinghy tow a two-wheel-drive vehicle from the rear: 1. Attach the dolly to the tow vehicle following the dolly manufacturer's instructions.

Appearance Care

Exterior Care

Washing the Vehicle To preserve the vehicle's finish, wash it often and out of direct sunlight. Notice: Do not use petroleum-based, acidic, or abrasive cleaning agents as they can damage the vehicle's paint, metal, or plastic parts. If damage occurs, it would not be covered by the vehicle's warranty. Approved cleaning products can be obtained from your dealer. Follow all manufacturer directions regarding correct product usage, necessary safety precautions, and appropriate disposal of any vehicle care product.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (91,1)

Notice: Avoid using high-pressure washes closer than 30 cm (12 in) to the surface of the vehicle. Use of power washers exceeding 8,274 kPa (1,200 psi) can result in damage or removal of paint and decals. Rinse the vehicle well, before washing and after, to remove all cleaning agents completely. If they are allowed to dry on the surface, they could stain. Dry the finish with a soft, clean chamois or an all-cotton towel to avoid surface scratches and water spotting. Finish Care Application of aftermarket clearcoat sealant/wax materials is not recommended. If painted surfaces are damaged, see your dealer to have the damage assessed and repaired. Foreign materials such as calcium chloride and other salts, ice melting agents, road oil and tar, tree sap, bird droppings, chemicals from industrial chimneys, etc., can

damage the vehicle's finish if they remain on painted surfaces. Wash the vehicle as soon as possible. If necessary, use non-abrasive cleaners that are marked safe for painted surfaces to remove foreign matter. Occasional hand waxing or mild polishing should be done to remove residue from the paint finish. See your dealer for approved cleaning products. Do not apply waxes or polishes to uncoated plastic, vinyl, rubber, decals, simulated wood, or flat paint as damage can occur. Notice: Machine compounding or aggressive polishing on a basecoat/clearcoat paint finish may damage it. Use only non-abrasive waxes and polishes that are made for a basecoat/ clearcoat paint finish on the vehicle. To keep the paint finish looking new, keep the vehicle garaged or covered whenever possible.

Vehicle Care

10-91

Protecting Exterior Bright Metal Parts Regularly clean bright metal parts with water or chrome polish on chrome or stainless steel trim, if necessary. For aluminum, never use auto or chrome polish, steam, or caustic soap to clean. A coating of wax, rubbed to a high polish, is recommended for all bright metal parts. Cleaning Exterior Lamps/ Lenses and Emblems Use only lukewarm or cold water, a soft cloth, and a car washing soap to clean exterior lamps, lenses and emblems. Follow instructions under "Washing the Vehicle" in this section.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (92,1)

10-92

Vehicle Care

Windshield and Wiper Blades Clean the outside of the windshield with glass cleaner. Clean rubber blades using a lint-free cloth or paper towel soaked with windshield washer fluid or a mild detergent. Wash the windshield thoroughly when cleaning the blades. Bugs, road grime, sap, and a buildup of vehicle wash/wax treatments may cause wiper streaking. Replace the wiper blades if they are worn or damaged. Damage can be caused by extreme dusty conditions, sand, salt, heat, sun, snow, and ice. Weatherstrips Apply silicone grease on weatherstrips to make them last longer, seal better, and not stick or squeak. Lubricate weatherstrips once a year. Black marks from rubber material on painted surfaces can be removed by rubbing with a

clean cloth. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑13. Tires Use a stiff brush with tire cleaner to clean the tires. Notice: Using petroleum-based tire dressing products on the vehicle may damage the paint finish and/or tires. When applying a tire dressing, always wipe off any overspray from all painted surfaces on the vehicle. Wheels and Trim — Aluminum or Chrome Use a soft, clean cloth with mild soap and water to clean the wheels. After rinsing thoroughly with clean water, dry with a soft, clean towel. A wax may then be applied. Notice: Chrome wheels and other chrome trim may be damaged if the vehicle is not washed after driving on roads that have been sprayed with magnesium,

calcium, or sodium chloride. These chlorides are used on roads for conditions such as ice and dust. Always wash the chrome with soap and water after exposure. Notice: To avoid surface damage, do not use strong soaps, chemicals, abrasive polishes, cleaners, brushes, or cleaners that contain acid on aluminum or chrome-plated wheels. Use only approved cleaners. Also, never drive a vehicle with aluminum or chrome-plated wheels through an automatic car wash that uses silicone carbide tire cleaning brushes. Damage could occur and the repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Steering, Suspension, and Chassis Components Visually inspect the front and rear suspension and steering system for damaged, loose, or missing parts or signs of wear. Inspect the power steering for proper hook-up, binding,

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (93,1)

leaks, cracks, chafing, etc. Visually check constant velocity joints, rubber boots, and axle seals for leaks. Body Component Lubrication Lubricate all key lock cylinders, hood hinges, liftgate hinges, and the steel fuel door hinge unless the components are plastic. Applying silicone grease on weatherstrips with a clean cloth will make them last longer, seal better, and not stick or squeak. Underbody Maintenance Use plain water to flush dirt and debris from the vehicle's underbody. Your dealer or an underbody car washing system can do this. If not removed, rust and corrosion can develop. Sheet Metal Damage If the vehicle is damaged and requires sheet metal repair or replacement, make sure the body repair shop applies anti-corrosion

material to parts repaired or replaced to restore corrosion protection. Original manufacturer replacement parts will provide the corrosion protection while maintaining the vehicle warranty. Finish Damage Quickly repair minor chips and scratches with touch-up materials available from your dealer to avoid corrosion. Larger areas of finish damage can be corrected in your dealer's body and paint shop. Chemical Paint Spotting Airborne pollutants can fall upon and attack painted vehicle surfaces causing blotchy, ring-shaped discolorations, and small, irregular dark spots etched into the paint surface.

Vehicle Care

10-93

Interior Care To prevent dirt particle abrasions, regularly clean the vehicle's interior. Immediately remove any soils. Note that newspapers or dark garments that can transfer color to home furnishings can also permanently transfer color to the vehicle's interior. Use a soft bristle brush to remove dust from knobs and crevices on the instrument cluster. Using a mild soap solution, immediately remove hand lotions, sunscreen, and insect repellent from all interior surfaces or permanent damage may result. Your dealer may have products for cleaning the interior. Use cleaners specifically designed for the surfaces being cleaned to prevent permanent damage. Apply all cleaners directly to the cleaning cloth. Do not spray cleaners directly on any switches or controls. Cleaners should be removed quickly. Never allow cleaners to

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (94,1)

10-94

Vehicle Care

remain on the surface being cleaned for extended periods of time. Cleaners may contain solvents that can become concentrated in the interior. Before using cleaners, read and adhere to all safety instructions on the label. While cleaning the interior, maintain adequate ventilation by opening the doors and windows. To prevent damage, do not clean the interior using the following cleaners or techniques: . Never use a razor or any other

sharp object to remove a soil from any interior surface.

. Never use a brush with stiff

bristles.

. Never rub any surface

aggressively or with excessive pressure.

. Do not use laundry detergents or

dishwashing soaps with degreasers. For liquid cleaners, use approximately 20 drops per 3.78 L (1 gal) of water. A concentrated soap solution will leave a residue that creates streaks and attracts dirt. Do not use solutions that contain strong or caustic soap.

. Do not heavily saturate the upholstery when cleaning.

. Do not use solvents or cleaners

containing solvents.

Interior Glass To clean, use a terry cloth fabric dampened with water. Wipe droplets left behind with a clean dry cloth. Commercial glass cleaners may be used, if necessary, after cleaning the interior glass with plain water.

Notice: To prevent scratching, never use abrasive cleaners on automotive glass. Abrasive cleaners or aggressive cleaning may damage the rear window defogger. Notice: Cleaning the windshield with water during the first three to six months of ownership will reduce tendency to fog. Speaker Covers Vacuum around a speaker cover gently, so that the speaker will not be damaged. Clean spots with just water and mild soap. Coated Moldings Coated moldings should be cleaned. . When lightly soiled, wipe with a

sponge or soft lint-free cloth dampened with water.

. When heavily soiled, use warm

soapy water.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (95,1)

Fabric/Carpet/Suede Start by vacuuming the surface using a soft brush attachment. If a rotating brush attachment is being used during vacuuming, only use it on the floor carpet. Before cleaning, gently remove as much of the soil as possible using one of the following techniques: . Gently blot liquids with a paper towel. Continue blotting until no more soil can be removed. For solid soils, remove as much as possible prior to vacuuming.

To clean: 1. Saturate a clean lint-free

colorfast cloth with water or club soda. Microfiber cloth is recommended to prevent lint transfer to the fabric or carpet.

2. Remove excess moisture by

gently wringing until water does not drip from the cleaning cloth.

3. Start on the outside edge of the

soil and gently rub toward the center. Rotate the cleaning cloth to a clean area frequently to prevent forcing the soil in to the fabric.

4. Continue gently rubbing the soiled area until there is no longer any color transfer from the soil to the cleaning cloth. If the soil is not completely removed, use a mild soap solution followed only by club soda or plain water.

5.

If the soil is not completely removed, it may be necessary to use a commercial upholstery cleaner or spot lifter. Test a small hidden area for colorfastness before using a commercial upholstery cleaner or spot lifter. If ring formation occurs, clean the entire fabric or carpet. Following the cleaning process, a paper towel can be used to blot excess moisture.

Vehicle Care

10-95

TEHAMA™ Leather The leather surface on the seat was not designed to be aggressively cleaned using any commercial product. Use a well wrung cloth dampened with water to remove dust. Do not use a wet cloth or saturated the leather surface with water. Allow the leather to dry naturally. If a soil occurs that cannot be completely removed, allow it to become part of the natural markings of the leather. The leather is designed to have a natural appearance and develop a more vintage appearance with use. Do not use heat to dry. Never use steam to clean leather. Never use spot lifters or spot removers on leather. It is very important not to use any commercial leather cleaners and coatings that are sold to preserve and protect leather. Not only are those products not necessary, they will permanently and adversely change the appearance and feel of the leather. Never use silicone or wax-based

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (96,1)

10-96

Vehicle Care

products, or those containing organic solvents to clean the interior. Never use shoe polish on leather. Cleaning High Gloss Surfaces and Vehicle Information and Radio Displays For vehicles with high gloss surfaces or vehicle displays, use a microfiber cloth to wipe surfaces. Before wiping the surface with the microfiber cloth, use a soft bristle brush to remove dirt that could scratch the surface. Then use the microfiber cloth by gently rubbing to clean. Never use window cleaners or solvents. Periodically hand wash the microfiber cloth separately, using mild soap. Do not use bleach or fabric softener. Rinse thoroughly and air dry before next use. Notice: Do not attach a device with a suction cup to the display. This may cause damage and would not be covered by the warranty.

Instrument Panel, Leather, Vinyl, & Other Plastic Surfaces Use a soft microfiber cloth dampened with water to remove dust and loose dirt. For a more thorough cleaning, use a soft microfiber cloth dampened with a mild soap solution. Notice: Soaking or saturating leather, especially perforated leather, as well as other interior surfaces, may cause permanent damage. Wipe excess moisture from these surfaces after cleaning and allow them to dry naturally. Never use heat, steam, spot lifters, or spot removers. Do not use cleaners that contain silicone or wax-based products. Cleaners containing these solvents can permanently change the appearance and feel of leather or soft trim and are not recommended.

Do not use cleaners that increase gloss, especially on the instrument panel. Reflected glare can decrease visibility through the windshield under certain conditions. Notice: Use of air fresheners may cause permanent damage to plastics and painted surfaces. If an air freshener comes in contact with any plastic or painted surface in the vehicle, blot immediately and clean with a soft cloth dampened with a mild soap solution. Damage caused by air fresheners would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Cargo Cover and Convenience Net Wash with warm water and mild detergent. Do not use chlorine bleach. Rinse with cold water, and then dry completely.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (97,1)

Vehicle Care

10-97

Care of Safety Belts Keep belts clean and dry. { WARNING

Do not bleach or dye safety belts. It may severely weaken them. In a crash, they might not be able to provide adequate protection. Clean safety belts only with mild soap and lukewarm water.

Floor Mats

{ WARNING

If a floor mat is the wrong size or is not properly installed, it can interfere with the pedals. Interference with the pedals can cause unintended acceleration and/or increased stopping distance which can cause a crash and injury. Make sure the floor mat does not interfere with the pedals.

Use the following guidelines for proper floor mat usage.

The original equipment floor mats were designed for the vehicle. If the floor mats need replacing, it is recommended that GM certified floor mats be purchased. Non-GM floor mats may not fit properly and may interfere with the pedals. Always check that the floor mats do not interfere with the pedals. . Use the floor mat with the

correct side up. Do not turn it over.

. Do not place anything on top of

the driver side floor mat.

. Use only a single floor mat on

the driver side.

. Do not place one floor mat on

top of another.

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (98,1)

10-98

Vehicle Care

2 NOTES

Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC 2nd Edition - 10/ 9/12

Black plate (1,1)

Service and Maintenance

11-1

Recommended Fluids, Lubricants, and Parts

Recommended Fluids and

Lubricants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-13

Maintenance Replacement

Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-15

Maintenance Records

Maintenance Records . . . . . . 11-16

Service and Maintenance