2010 Cadillac Escalade Owners Manual

c (Stop): Touch this button to stop play of the DVD. Press the play button to continue playing the DVD from where the DVD was stopped. Press this button twice to return to the beginning of the DVD. DISC: Touch this screen button to view the list of loaded disc(s). Select the disc to play. r (Rewind): Touch and release this button to rewind through the scene, chapters, and titles. Touch this button again to increase the rewinding speed. Touch the play button to stop rewinding. This button may not work when the DVD is playing the copyright information or the previews.

[ (Forward): Touch and release this button to advance rapidly through the scene, chapters, and titles. Touch this button again to increase the fast forwarding speed. Touch the play button to stop fast forwarding. This button may not work when the DVD is playing the copyright information or the previews.

Hide Options: Press this screen button to remove all menu options from the display, except Options and Cursor. Top Menu: Touch this button to display the first menu of the DVD. This is not available on all DVDs.

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Menu: Touch this button to display the DVD menu of the current area of the DVD that is playing. This button is not available for DVD audio. Audio: Press this button to display the audio options. Select the audio options that best improve sound quality. This is not available on all DVDs or when the DVD is stopped. This button is not available for DVD audio. Subtitle: Touch this button to playback the video with subtitles. This is not available on all DVDs or when the DVD is stopped. This button is not available for DVD audio. Angle: Touch this button to adjust the viewing angle of the DVD. Repeatedly press this button to toggle through the angles. This is not available on all DVDs or when the DVD is stopped. This button is not available for DVD audio. q (Previous Scene): Press this button to go to the previous scene. This button does not work when the DVD is stopped. This button is not available for DVD video. r (Next Scene): Press this button to go to the next scene. This button does not work when the DVD is stopped. This button is not available for DVD video.

Search: Touch this button to display the search screen. Select Title or Chapter Search for DVD video and Group or Track for DVD audio. The keyboard allows you to type in the title/chapter/group/track number that you would like to watch or listen to. This button does not work when the DVD is stopped. Setup: Touch this button to display the DVD Setup screen. This button is only available when the DVD is not playing. The DVD Setup screen allows you to change the brightness, contrast, and mode, change the viewing on the monitor and to change the initial settings; language, parental level, and aspect. ! (Brightness): Touch the up or down screen arrows to increase or decrease the brightness of the navigation screen. _ (Contrast): Touch the up or down screen arrows to increase or decrease the contrast of the navigation screen. Auto (Automatic): Touch this screen button for the system to automatically adjust the navigation screen background depending on exterior lighting conditions. Night: Touch this screen button and the system will make the navigation screen background brighten.

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Day: Touch this screen button and the system will make the navigation screen background darken. Monitor: From the DVD Setup screen, touch this button to adjust the viewing angle of the DVD on the navigation screen. This is not available on all DVDs. This button is not available for DVD audio Touch the e button to close the screen in from the left and right sides. Touch the J button to fill the screen on the left and right sides. Touch the d button to fill the screen on the top and bottom. Settings: From the DVD Setup screen, touch this button to change the default audio, subtitle, and menu languages, parental level, audio, and to view the aspect of the DVD. These settings are not available on all DVDs. This button is not available for DVD audio.

Audio Language: Touch English, Francais, Espanol, Italiano, or Deutsch to change the default language that the DVD player uses for each disc. The audio language must be available on the disc. The audio language may vary for each DVD. Subtitle Language: Touch English, Francais, Espanol, Italiano, or Deutsch to change the default language of the subtitles that the DVD player uses for each disc. The subtitle language must be available on the disc. The subtitle language may vary for each DVD.

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Menu Language: Touch English, Francais, Espanol, Italiano, or Deutsch to change the default language of the DVD video menus. The menu language must be available on the disc. The menu language may vary for each DVD. Parental Level: Touch this button to change the rating level to only allow the play of DVDs with a certain rating. The rating selection is 1 through 8, with 1 Kids Safe being a G rating. If the 1 is selected, any DVD with a rating above G will not be able to be viewed without entering a password. When the parental level is first entered a keyboard will appear on the display and a four-digit password will need to be created. Type in a password that you will be able to remember. Once the password is created, you can then select a rating level. If you would like to change the rating level, press the Parental Level button, then press the Password button. Type in the password and then change the rating level. If the password has been forgotten, contact your dealer. This may not be available on all DVDs. Aspect: Touch this button to change the aspect ratio of the DVD. This may not be available on all DVDs.

y (Next Track/Chapter): Press this hard key to go to the next track or chapter. This button may not work when the DVD is playing the copyright information or the previews. z (Previous Track/Chapter): Press this hard key to return to the start of the current track or chapter. Press this button again to go to the previous track or chapter. This button may not work when the DVD is playing the copyright information or the previews. w (Tuning Knob): Turn this knob counterclockwise one notch to go to the start of the current chapter/track, turn it again to go to the previous chapter/track. Turn this knob clockwise to go to the next chapter/track. DVD Messages If Disc Read Error appears on the display and/or the DVD comes out, it could be for one of the following reasons:

If a disc was inserted with an invalid or unknown format. If the disc is not from a correct region. If the map DVD disc was installed into the DVD audio/video slot. See “Installing the Map DVD” under Maps on page 5‑14 for more information. It is very hot. When the temperature returns to normal, the DVD should play.

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. You are driving on a very rough road. When the road becomes smoother, the DVD should play. The DVD is dirty, scratched, wet, or upside down. The air is very humid. If so, wait about an hour and try again. There may have been a problem while burning the DVD. The label may be caught in the DVD player.

If the DVD is not playing correctly, for any other reason, try a known good DVD. If any error occurs repeatedly or if an error cannot be corrected, contact your dealer. Connecting a USB Storage Device or iPod® The USB Port, located in the center console, can be used to control an iPod® or a USB storage device. To avoid connection problems, extension cords are not recommended. Use only the cable that came with the device. To connect a USB storage device, connect the device to the USB port located in the center console.

To connect an iPod®, connect one end of the USB cable that came with the iPod to the iPod’s dock connector and connect the other end to the USB port. If the vehicle is on and the USB connection works, “OK to disconnect” and a GM logo may appear on the iPod and iPod appears on the radio's display. The iPod music appears on the radio’s display and begins playing. The iPod charges while it is connected to the vehicle if the vehicle is in the ACC/ACCESSORY or ON/RUN position. When the vehicle is turned off, the iPod automatically powers off and will not charge or draw power from the vehicle's battery. USB Supported File and Folder Structure The guidelines that must be met while using USB supported files and folders are:

. Up to 700 folders. . Up to 8 folders in depth. . Up to 65,535 files.

Folder and file names up to 64 bytes. Files with an .mp3 or .wma file extension.

. AAC files stored on an iPod.

FAT16
FAT32

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Using the Navigation Audio System to Control a USB Storage Device or iPod® The navigation audio system can control a USB storage device or an iPod by using the radio touch screens and steering wheel controls.

1. Touch the AUX buttton and then the USB button.

4. Select an Artist, Album, or Track from that list. 5. Touch the up or down arrows located on the side of

the screen to select one item at a time, or touch the top or bottom arrow to jump 10 percent up or down the list.

6. Touch the Back button to go back to the previous

screen.

7. Touch the Exit button to go back to the main audio

screen.

2. Press center screen button to enter the music

navigator main screen.

3. Touch or tap the left or right arrow to select desired

Category such as: Artist, Album, Genre, etc. A list of that category will display.

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8. Touch the left or right arrow to select desired

Category such as: Artist, Album, Genre, etc. A list of that category will display.

The iPod or USB storage device should not be pulled out from the USB dock. To safely remove it, touch Eject.

A warning message will display for a few seconds.

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Care of Your CDs and DVDs If playing recorded media such as a CD or DVD, the sound quality may be reduced due to CD or DVD quality, the method of recording, the quality of the music that has been recorded, recording speed, max media recording speed, and the way the CD or DVD has been handled. There may be an increase in skipping, difficulty in finding tracks, and/or difficulty in loading and ejecting. If these problems occur, check the bottom surface of the CD or DVD. If the surface is damaged, such as cracked, broken, or scratched, it will not play properly. If the surface is soiled, see “Care of Your CDs and DVDs” in the Index of the vehicle's owner manual. If there is no apparent damage, try a known good CD or DVD. Notice: If a label is added to a CD or DVD, or more than one CD or DVD is inserted into the slot at a time, or an attempt is made to play scratched or damaged CDs or DVDs, the player could be damaged. While using the CD or DVD player, use only CDs or DVDs in good condition without any label, load one CD or DVD at a time, and keep the player and the loading slot free of foreign materials, liquids, and debris.

A message to safely remove the device displays.

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Do not add any label to a CD or DVD, it could get caught in the player. If a CD or DVD is recorded on a personal computer and a description label is needed, try labeling the top of the recorded CD or DVD with a soft marker. Auxiliary Devices The vehicle may have a rear entertainment system (RSE) with a second and third row screen. The RSE has audio adapters to allow you to connect auxiliary devices. The audio can be heard through the speakers or through the wireless or wired headphones. See “Audio/Video Jacks” under, Rear Seat Entertainment (RSE) System (Overhead) on page 4‑78 or Rear Seat Entertainment (RSE) System (Headrest DVD) on page 4‑87 for more information. Drivers are encouraged to set up any auxiliary device while the vehicle is in P (Park). See Defensive Driving on page 6‑2 for more information on driver distraction.

To switch the RSE system to use an auxiliary device: 1. Connect the auxiliary device to the RSE system,

for the second or third row.

2. Press the AUDIO key then press the AUDIO key

repeatedly until AUX (auxiliary) is selected or touch the AUX screen button. An auxiliary device must be connected for the AUX screen button to appear as an option to select.

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3. For the second row display select the Rear AUX screen button next to Rear Display 1 and for the third row display select the Rear AUX screen button next to Rear Display 2. Each screen works independently of the other. The second row screen can watch a DVD while the third row screen can use the auxiliary device.

The rear seat passengers can also use the remote control to change the functions of the RSE. See Rear Seat Entertainment (RSE) System (Overhead) on page 4‑78 or Rear Seat Entertainment (RSE) System (Headrest DVD) on page 4‑87 for more information. Voice Recognition The navigation system's voice recognition allows for hands-free operation of the navigation system, audio system, and OnStar® features. The DVD map disc must be installed in the navigation system for voice recognition to work. See “Installing the DVD Map Disc” under Maps on page 5‑14 for more information. Voice recognition can be used when the ignition is on or when Retained Accessory Power (RAP) is active. See “Retained Accessory Power (RAP)” in the Index of your vehicle's owner manual for more information.

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To use voice recognition, do the following:

1. Push and hold the

SRCE button on the steering wheel until you hear a beep. The audio system mutes.

2. Clearly state one of the commands listed on the

following pages.

Helpful Hints for Stating Commands . When a multiple command is available, choose the

command that works best.

. Words that are in brackets are optional. For

example, for the command Radio [band] [select] FM, stating Radio FM or Radio select FM are both valid commands.

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. When the system recognizes the command the

system does one of the following: ‐ Perform the function. ‐ Ask you to confirm your choice. ‐ Issue an error message “Did not recognize.

Voice Recognition Canceled.”

If you experience difficulty with the system recognizing a command, try saying it more softly, and wait for a few seconds after the beep, or repeat the command.

. Background noise may cause voice commands to

be misunderstood, including airflow noise from wind. To use the voice recognition system, the map DVD must be loaded and the navigation system must be on.

This system is able to recognize commands in three different languages. The system only recognizes commands based on the language selected from the Driver Information Center (DIC). See DIC Vehicle Customization on page 4‑58 for more information.

Voice Recognition Commands The following list shows all of the voice commands available for the navigation system with a brief description of each. The commands are listed with the optional words in brackets. To use the voice commands, refer to the instructions listed previously. Voice Tag Commands The following are voice tag commands that can be accessed by clearly stating the commands exactly as they are written. There are up to 40 voice tag entries for destinations. Navigation go to [destination], navigation select: These commands instruct the system to select a destination saved under the voice tag you have stored. The system prompts for a destination name then waits for you to state the name. If not currently driving on a route, the system automatically creates the voice tag destination as the final destination. If driving on a route, the system automatically creates the voice tag destination as a stopover. Up to three stopovers can be created.

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Radio Commands The following are radio commands that can be accessed by clearly stating the commands exactly as they are written. Radio [band] [select] AM, radio [band] [select] FM, radio [band] [select] XM, radio [band] [select] satellite: Instructs the system to go to either the AM, FM, or XM (if equipped). Radio [select] (frequency) AM, radio [select] (frequency) FM: Instructs the system to go to a specific frequency on either AM or FM. Radio [select] (channel) XM, radio [select] (channel) satellite: Instructs the system to go to a specific channel on the XM™ band (if equipped). Radio help: Instructs the system to assist with radio commands.

Storing Voice Tags From the address book entry information page, press the Add Voice tag screen button. The system responds “Name Please?” and you will have four seconds to record a name. The system asks for confirmation of the name before saving it as a voice tag. Navigation Help Navigation Help: This command instructs the system to assist with navigation commands. Display Commands Use the following display commands to set the display mode. Display [set] day [mode]: Sets the display to daytime mode. Display [set] night [mode]: Sets the display to night mode. Display [set] auto [mode]: Sets the display to automatic mode. The system changes between day and night mode automatically. System help: Instructs the system to assist with display commands.

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CD Commands The following are CD, MP3, and DVD commands that can be accessed by clearly stating the commands exactly as they are written. CD, DVD, Disc: Use this command to select a CD, DVD, or disc that is currently loaded. CD, DVD, Disc, [select] track (one, two, three, etc.): Instructs the system to select a specific track number. CD, DVD, Disc select next folder: Use this command to select the next folder on the MP3 or audio DVD. CD, DVD, Disc select previous folder: Use this command to select the previous folder on the MP3 or audio DVD. CD help, DVD help, Disc help: Instructs the system to assist with CD and DVD commands.

Auxiliary Commands The following auxiliary commands can be accessed by clearly stating the commands exactly as they are written. The commands are available when the auxiliary source is available. Aux, Auxiliary: Use this command to select the auxiliary device, when a device is connected. Voice Help Voice help: Provides a description of help commands that can be used.

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2 NOTES

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Section 6 Driving Your Vehicle

Your Driving, the Road, and the Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Defensive Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Drunk Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Control of a Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Braking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
Antilock Brake System (ABS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
Braking in Emergencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
StabiliTrak® System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
Magnetic Ride Control™ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9
Road Sensing Suspension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9
Locking Rear Axle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9
All-Wheel Drive (AWD) System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9
Steering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
Off-Road Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
Passing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12
Loss of Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12
Off-Road Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13

Driving at Night . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-24
Driving in Rain and on Wet Roads . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-25
Before Leaving on a Long Trip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-26
Highway Hypnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-26
Hill and Mountain Roads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-27
Winter Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-28
If Your Vehicle is Stuck in Sand, Mud, Ice,

or Snow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-30
Rocking Your Vehicle to Get It Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-30
Recovery Hooks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-31
Loading the Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-32
Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-38
Towing Your Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-38
Recreational Vehicle Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-38
Level Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-41
Autoride® . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-42
Towing a Trailer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-42
Trailer Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-55

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Your Driving, the Road, and the Vehicle

Defensive Driving Defensive driving means “always expect the unexpected.” The first step in driving defensively is to wear your safety belt — See Safety Belts: They Are for Everyone on page 2‑26.

{ WARNING:

Assume that other road users (pedestrians, bicyclists, and other drivers) are going to be careless and make mistakes. Anticipate what they might do and be ready. In addition: . Allow enough following distance between you

and the driver in front of you. Focus on the task of driving.

Driver distraction can cause collisions resulting in injury or possible death. These simple defensive driving techniques could save your life.

Drunk Driving

{ WARNING:

Drinking and then driving is very dangerous. Your reflexes, perceptions, attentiveness, and judgment can be affected by even a small amount of alcohol. You can have a serious — or even fatal — collision if you drive after drinking. Do not drink and drive or ride with a driver who has been drinking. Ride home in a cab; or if you are with a group, designate a driver who will not drink.

Death and injury associated with drinking and driving is a global tragedy. Alcohol affects four things that anyone needs to drive a vehicle: judgment, muscular coordination, vision, and attentiveness. Police records show that almost 40 percent of all motor vehicle-related deaths involve alcohol. In most cases, these deaths are the result of someone who was drinking and driving. In recent years, more than 17,000 annual motor vehicle-related deaths have been associated with the use of alcohol, with about 250,000 people injured.

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For persons under 21, it is against the law in every U.S. state to drink alcohol. There are good medical, psychological, and developmental reasons for these laws. The obvious way to eliminate the leading highway safety problem is for people never to drink alcohol and then drive. Medical research shows that alcohol in a person's system can make crash injuries worse, especially injuries to the brain, spinal cord, or heart. This means that when anyone who has been drinking — driver or passenger — is in a crash, that person's chance of being killed or permanently disabled is higher than if the person had not been drinking.

Control of a Vehicle The following three systems help to control the vehicle while driving — brakes, steering, and accelerator. At times, as when driving on snow or ice, it is easy to ask more of those control systems than the tires and road can provide. Meaning, you can lose control of the vehicle. See StabiliTrak® System on page 6‑6. Adding non‐dealer/non‐retailer accessories can affect vehicle performance. See Accessories and Modifications on page 7‑4.

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Braking See Brake System Warning Light on page 4‑33. Braking action involves perception time and reaction time. Deciding to push the brake pedal is perception time. Actually doing it is reaction time. Average reaction time is about three‐fourths of a second. But that is only an average. It might be less with one driver and as long as two or three seconds or more with another. Age, physical condition, alertness, coordination, and eyesight all play a part. So do alcohol, drugs, and frustration. But even in three‐fourths of a second, a vehicle moving at 100 km/h (60 mph) travels 20 m (66 feet). That could be a lot of distance in an emergency, so keeping enough space between the vehicle and others is important. And, of course, actual stopping distances vary greatly with the surface of the road, whether it is pavement or gravel; the condition of the road, whether it is wet, dry, or icy; tire tread; the condition of the brakes; the weight of the vehicle; and the amount of brake force applied.

Avoid needless heavy braking. Some people drive in spurts, heavy acceleration followed by heavy braking, rather than keeping pace with traffic. This is a mistake. The brakes might not have time to cool between hard stops. The brakes will wear out much faster with a lot of heavy braking. Keeping pace with the traffic and allowing realistic following distances eliminates a lot of unnecessary braking. That means better braking and longer brake life. If the engine ever stops while the vehicle is being driven, brake normally but do not pump the brakes. If the brakes are pumped, the pedal could get harder to push down. If the engine stops, there will still be some power brake assist but it will be used when the brake is applied. Once the power assist is used up, it can take longer to stop and the brake pedal will be harder to push. Adding non‐dealer/non‐retailer accessories can affect vehicle performance. See Accessories and Modifications on page 7‑4.

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Antilock Brake System (ABS) This vehicle has the Antilock Brake System (ABS), an advanced electronic braking system that helps prevent a braking skid. When the engine is started and the vehicle begins to drive away, ABS checks itself. A momentary motor or clicking noise might be heard while this test is going on. This is normal.

If there is a problem with ABS, this warning light stays on. See Antilock Brake System (ABS) Warning Light on page 4‑34 .

Along with ABS, the vehicle has a Dynamic Rear Proportioning (DRP) system. If there is a DRP problem, both the brake and ABS warning lights come on accompanied by a 10‐second chime. The lights and chime will come on each time the ignition is turned on until the problem is repaired. See your dealer for service.

Let us say the road is wet and you are driving safely. Suddenly, an animal jumps out in front of you. You slam on the brakes and continue braking. Here is what happens with ABS: A computer senses that the wheels are slowing down. If one of the wheels is about to stop rolling, the computer will separately work the brakes at each front wheel and at both rear wheels. ABS can change the brake pressure to each wheel, as required, faster than any driver could. This can help the driver steer around the obstacle while braking hard. As the brakes are applied, the computer keeps receiving updates on wheel speed and controls braking pressure accordingly. Remember: ABS does not change the time needed to get a foot up to the brake pedal or always decrease stopping distance. If you get too close to the vehicle in front of you, there will not be enough time to apply the brakes if that vehicle suddenly slows or stops. Always leave enough room up ahead to stop, even with ABS.

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Using ABS Do not pump the brakes. Just hold the brake pedal down firmly and let antilock work. The brakes might vibrate or some noise might be heard, but this is normal. Braking in Emergencies ABS allows the driver to steer and brake at the same time. In many emergencies, steering can help more than even the very best braking. Brake Assist This vehicle has a Brake Assist feature designed to assist the driver in stopping or decreasing vehicle speed in emergency driving conditions. This feature uses the stability system hydraulic brake control module to supplement the power brake system under conditions where the driver has quickly and forcefully applied the brake pedal in an attempt to quickly stop or slow down the vehicle. The stability system hydraulic brake control module increases brake pressure at each corner of the vehicle until the ABS activates. Minor brake pedal pulsations or pedal movement during this time is normal and the driver should continue to apply the brake pedal as the driving situation dictates The Brake Assist feature will automatically disengage when the brake pedal is released or brake pedal pressure is quickly decreased.

6-6

StabiliTrak® System The vehicle has a vehicle stability enhancement system called StabiliTrak. It is an advanced computer controlled system that assists the driver with directional control of the vehicle in difficult driving conditions. StabiliTrak activates when the computer senses a discrepancy between the intended path and the direction the vehicle is actually traveling. StabiliTrak selectively applies braking pressure at any one of the vehicle's brakes to assist the driver with keeping the vehicle on the intended path. When the vehicle is started and begins to move, the system performs several diagnostic checks to insure there are no problems. The system may be heard or felt while it is working. This is normal and does not mean there is a problem with the vehicle. The system should initialize before the vehicle reaches 20 mph (32 km/h). In some cases, it may take approximately two miles of driving before the system initializes. If cruise control is being used when StabiliTrak activates, the cruise control automatically disengages. The cruise control can be re-engaged when road conditions allow. See Cruise Control on page 4‑8.

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If the system fails to turn on or activate, the StabiliTrak light along with one of the following messages will be displayed on the Driver Information Center (DIC): TRACTION CONTROL OFF, SERVICE TRACTION CONTROL, STABILITRAK OFF, SERVICE STABILITRAK. If these DIC messages appear, make sure the StabiliTrak system has not been turned off using the StabiliTrak on/off button. Then turn the vehicle off, wait 15 seconds, and then turn it back on again to reset the system. If any of these messages still appear on the Driver Information Center (DIC), the vehicle should be taken in for service. For more information on the DIC messages, see Driver Information Center (DIC) on page 4‑41 .

The StabiliTrak light will flash on the instrument panel cluster when the system is both on and activated.

The system may be heard or felt while it is working; this is normal.

The traction control disable button is located on the instrument panel below the climate controls.

The traction control part of StabiliTrak can be turned off by pressing and releasing the StabiliTrak button if both systems (traction control and StabiliTrak) were previously on. To disable both traction control and StabiliTrak, press and hold the button for five seconds. Traction control and StabiliTrak can be turned on by pressing and releasing the StabiliTrak button if not automatically shut off for any other reason. When the TCS or StabiliTrak system is turned off, the StabiliTrak light and the appropriate TCS off or StabiliTrak off message will be displayed on the DIC to warn the driver. The vehicle will still have brake-traction control when traction control is off, but will not be able to use the engine speed management system. See “Traction Control Operation” next for more information. When the traction control system has been turned off, system noises may still be heard as a result of the brake-traction control coming on.

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It is recommended to leave the system on for normal driving conditions, but it may be necessary to turn the system off if the vehicle is stuck in sand, mud, ice or snow, and you want to “rock” the vehicle to attempt to free it. It may also be necessary to turn off the system when driving in extreme off-road conditions where high wheel spin is required. See If Your Vehicle is Stuck in Sand, Mud, Ice, or Snow on page 6‑30. Traction Control Operation The traction control system is part of the StabiliTrak system. Traction control limits wheel spin by reducing engine power to the wheels (engine speed management) and by applying brakes to each individual wheel (brake-traction control) as necessary. The traction control system is enabled automatically when the vehicle is started. It will activate and the StabiliTrak light will flash if it senses that any of the wheels are spinning or beginning to lose traction while driving. If traction control is turned off, only the brake-traction control portion of traction control will work. The engine speed management will be disabled. In this mode, engine power is not reduced automatically and the driven wheels can spin more freely. This can cause the brake-traction control to activate constantly.

Notice: If the wheel(s) of one axle is allowed to spin excessively while the StabiliTrak®, ABS, brake warning lights, and any relevant DIC messages are displayed, the transfer case could be damaged. The repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Reduce engine power and do not spin the wheel(s) excessively while these lights and messages are displayed. The traction control system may activate on dry or rough roads or under conditions such as heavy acceleration while turning or abrupt upshifts/downshifts of the transmission. When this happens, a reduction in acceleration may be noticed, or a noise or vibration may be heard. This is normal. If cruise control is being used when the system activates, the StabiliTrak light will flash and cruise control will automatically disengage. Cruise control may be reengaged when road conditions allow. See Cruise Control on page 4‑8. StabiliTrak may also turn off automatically if it determines that a problem exists with the system. If the problem does not clear itself after restarting the vehicle, see your dealer for service.

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Magnetic Ride Control™ The vehicle may have the MagneRide control system. MagneRide constantly checks speed, wheel position, lift/dive and steering of the vehicle. The damping force for each shock absorber and adjustment level is chosen for the best ride and handling. MagneRide also works with the tow/haul switch that, when engaged, will provide more firmness from the shock absorbers. This added control gives better ride and handling when carrying heavy loads or towing a trailer. See Tow/Haul Mode on page 3‑36 for more information. Road Sensing Suspension The Road Sensing Suspension (RSS) feature provides superior vehicle ride and handling under a variety of passenger and loading conditions. The system is fully automatic and uses a computer controller to continuously monitor vehicle speed, wheel to body position, lift/dive and steering position of the vehicle. The controller then sends signals to each shock absorber to independently adjust the damping level to provide the optimum vehicle ride.

RSS also interacts with the tow/haul mode that, when engaged, will provide additional control of the shock absorbers. This additional control results in better ride and handling characteristics when the vehicle is loaded or towing a trailer. See “Tow/Haul Mode” under Towing a Trailer on page 6‑42. Locking Rear Axle Vehicles with a locking rear axle can give more traction on snow, mud, ice, sand or gravel. It works like a standard axle most of the time, but when traction is low, this feature will allow the rear wheel with the most traction to move the vehicle. All-Wheel Drive (AWD) System If the vehicle has this feature, engine power is sent to all four wheels when extra traction is needed. This is like four-wheel drive, but there is no separate lever or switch to engage or disengage the front axle. It is fully automatic, and adjusts itself as needed for road conditions. If the vehicle is a Two-mode Hybrid, see “Four-Wheel Drive” in the Two-mode Hybrid Supplement.

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Steering in Emergencies There are times when steering can be more effective than braking. For example, you come over a hill and find a truck stopped in your lane, or a car suddenly pulls out from nowhere, or a child darts out from between parked cars and stops right in front of you. These problems can be avoided by braking — if you can stop in time. But sometimes you cannot stop in time because there is no room. That is the time for evasive action — steering around the problem. The vehicle can perform very well in emergencies like these. First, apply the brakes. See Braking on page 6‑4 . It is better to remove as much speed as possible from a collision. Then steer around the problem, to the left or right depending on the space available.

Steering Power Steering If the vehicle is a Two‐mode Hybrid, see the Two‐mode Hybrid manual for more information. If power steering assist is lost because the engine stops or the system is not functioning, the vehicle can be steered but it will take more effort. Steering Tips It is important to take curves at a reasonable speed. Traction in a curve depends on the condition of the tires and the road surface, the angle at which the curve is banked, and vehicle speed. While in a curve, speed is the one factor that can be controlled. If there is a need to reduce speed, do it before entering the curve, while the front wheels are straight. Try to adjust the speed so you can drive through the curve. Maintain a reasonable, steady speed. Wait to accelerate until out of the curve, and then accelerate gently into the straightaway.

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Off-Road Recovery The vehicle's right wheels can drop off the edge of a road onto the shoulder while driving.

An emergency like this requires close attention and a quick decision. If holding the steering wheel at the recommended 9 and 3 o'clock positions, it can be turned a full 180 degrees very quickly without removing either hand. But you have to act fast, steer quickly, and just as quickly straighten the wheel once you have avoided the object. The fact that such emergency situations are always possible is a good reason to practice defensive driving at all times and wear safety belts properly.

If the level of the shoulder is only slightly below the pavement, recovery should be fairly easy. Ease off the accelerator and then, if there is nothing in the way, steer so that the vehicle straddles the edge of the pavement. Turn the steering wheel 8 to 13 cm (3 to 5 inches), about one-eighth turn, until the right front tire contacts the pavement edge. Then turn the steering wheel to go straight down the roadway.

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Passing Passing another vehicle on a two-lane road can be dangerous. To reduce the risk of danger while passing:

Look down the road, to the sides, and to crossroads for situations that might affect a successful pass. If in doubt, wait.

. Watch for traffic signs, pavement markings, and lines that could indicate a turn or an intersection. Never cross a solid or double‐solid line on your side of the lane.

. Do not get too close to the vehicle you want to

pass. Doing so can reduce your visibility.

. Wait your turn to pass a slow vehicle. . When you are being passed, ease to the right. Loss of Control Let us review what driving experts say about what happens when the three control systems — brakes, steering, and acceleration — do not have enough friction where the tires meet the road to do what the driver has asked. In any emergency, do not give up. Keep trying to steer and constantly seek an escape route or area of less danger.

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Skidding In a skid, a driver can lose control of the vehicle. Defensive drivers avoid most skids by taking reasonable care suited to existing conditions, and by not overdriving those conditions. But skids are always possible. The three types of skids correspond to the vehicle's three control systems. In the braking skid, the wheels are not rolling. In the steering or cornering skid, too much speed or steering in a curve causes tires to slip and lose cornering force. And in the acceleration skid, too much throttle causes the driving wheels to spin. Remember: Any traction control system helps avoid only the acceleration skid. If the traction control system is off, then an acceleration skid is best handled by easing your foot off the accelerator pedal. If the vehicle starts to slide, ease your foot off the accelerator pedal and quickly steer the way you want the vehicle to go. If you start steering quickly enough, the vehicle may straighten out. Always be ready for a second skid if it occurs. Of course, traction is reduced when water, snow, ice, gravel, or other material is on the road. For safety, slow down and adjust your driving to these conditions. It is important to slow down on slippery surfaces because stopping distance will be longer and vehicle control more limited.

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While driving on a surface with reduced traction, try your best to avoid sudden steering, acceleration, or braking, including reducing vehicle speed by shifting to a lower gear. Any sudden changes could cause the tires to slide. You may not realize the surface is slippery until the vehicle is skidding. Learn to recognize warning clues — such as enough water, ice, or packed snow on the road to make a mirrored surface — and slow down when you have any doubt. Remember: Antilock brakes help avoid only the braking skid. Off-Road Driving Vehicles with all‐wheel drive can be used for off‐road driving. Vehicles without all‐wheel drive and vehicles with 22‐inch tire/wheel assemblies should not be driven off-road except on a level, solid surface. Many of the vehicle design features that help make the vehicle more responsive on paved roads during poor weather conditions also help make it better suited for off‐road use than conventional passenger vehicles. The vehicle does not have features usually thought to be necessary for extended or severe off‐road use such as special underbody shielding and transfer case low gear range.

The airbag system is designed to work properly under a wide range of conditions, including off‐road usage. Always wear your safety belt and observe safe driving speeds, especially on rough terrain. Drinking and driving can be very dangerous on any road and this is certainly true for off-road driving. At the very time you need special alertness and driving skills, your reflexes, perceptions, and judgment can be affected by even a small amount of alcohol. You could have a serious — or even fatal — accident if you drink and drive or ride with a driver who has been drinking. Off-roading can be great fun but has some definite hazards. The greatest of these is the terrain itself. When off-road driving, traffic lanes are not marked, curves are not banked, and there are no road signs. Surfaces can be slippery, rough, uphill, or downhill. Avoid sharp turns and abrupt maneuvers. Failure to operate the vehicle correctly off‐road could result in loss of vehicle control or vehicle rollover. Off-roading involves some new skills. That is why it is very important that you read these driving tips and suggestions to help make off-road driving safer and more enjoyable.

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Before You Go Off-Roading . Have all necessary maintenance and service

work done.

. Make sure there is enough fuel, that fluid levels are where they should be, and that the spare tire, if the vehicle has one, is fully inflated.

. Be sure to read all the information about

all-wheel-drive vehicles in this manual.

. Make sure all underbody shields, if the vehicle has

them, are properly attached.

. Know the local laws that apply to off-roading where

you will be driving or check with law enforcement people in the area.

. Be sure to get the necessary permission if you will

be on private land.

If you think you will need some more ground clearance at the front of your vehicle, you can remove the front fascia lower air dam. The air dam is held in place by two bolts and 10 snaps accessible from underneath the front fascia. To remove the air dam:

1. Remove the two outboard air dam bolts. 2. With a flat‐blade tool, disengage the snaps. 3. After the bolts are removed and the snaps are

disengaged, push forward on the air dam until it is free.

Notice: Operating your vehicle for extended periods without the front fascia lower air dam installed can cause improper air flow to the engine. Always be sure to replace the front fascia air dam when you are finished off-road driving. After off-roading, be sure to reinstall the air dam:

1. Line up the snaps and push the air dam rearward

to engage the snaps. Install the two outboard bolts.

2.

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Loading Your Vehicle for Off-Road Driving

{ WARNING:

. Cargo on the load floor piled higher than the

seatbacks can be thrown forward during a sudden stop. You or your passengers could be injured. Keep cargo below the top of the seatbacks.

. Unsecured cargo on the load floor can be

tossed about when driving over rough terrain. You or your passengers can be struck by flying objects. Secure the cargo properly.

. Heavy loads on the roof raise the vehicle's

center of gravity, making it more likely to roll over. You can be seriously or fatally injured if the vehicle rolls over. Put heavy loads inside the cargo area, not on the roof. Keep cargo in the cargo area as far forward and low as possible.

There are some important things to remember about how to load your vehicle.

The heaviest things should be on the floor, forward of the rear axle. Put heavier items as far forward as you can.

. Be sure the load is properly secured, so things are

not tossed around.

You will find other important information under Loading the Vehicle on page 6‑32 and Tires on page 7‑58. Environmental Concerns Off-road driving can provide wholesome and satisfying recreation. However, it also raises environmental concerns. We recognize these concerns and urge every off-roader to follow these basic rules for protecting the environment:

. Always use established trails, roads, and areas

that have been specially set aside for public off-road recreational driving and obey all posted regulations.

. Avoid any driving practice that could damage

shrubs, flowers, trees, or grasses or disturb wildlife. This includes wheel-spinning, breaking down trees, or unnecessary driving through streams or over soft ground.

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. Always carry a litter bag and make sure all refuse

is removed from any campsite before leaving. Take extreme care with open fires (where permitted), camp stoves, and lanterns.

. Never park your vehicle over dry grass or other

combustible materials that could catch fire from the heat of the vehicle's exhaust system.

Traveling to Remote Areas It makes sense to plan your trip, especially when going to a remote area. Know the terrain and plan your route. Get accurate maps of trails and terrain. Check to see if there are any blocked or closed roads. It is also a good idea to travel with at least one other vehicle in case something happens to one of them. For vehicles with a winch, be sure to read the winch instructions. In a remote area, a winch can be handy if you get stuck but you will want to know how to use it properly.

Getting Familiar with Off-Road Driving It is a good idea to practice in an area that is safe and close to home before you go into the wilderness. Off-roading requires some new and different skills. Tune your senses to different kinds of signals. Your eyes need to constantly sweep the terrain for unexpected obstacles. Your ears need to listen for unusual tire or engine sounds. Use your arms, hands, feet, and body to respond to vibrations and vehicle bounce. Controlling the vehicle is the key to successful off-road driving. One of the best ways to control the vehicle is to control the speed. At higher speeds:

. You approach things faster and have less time to

react. There is less time to scan the terrain for obstacles. The vehicle has more bounce when driving over obstacles.

. More braking distance is needed, especially on an

unpaved surface.

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{ WARNING:

When you are driving off-road, bouncing and quick changes in direction can easily throw you out of position. This could cause you to lose control and crash. So, whether you are driving on or off the road, you and your passengers should wear safety belts.

Scanning the Terrain Off-road driving can take you over many different kinds of terrain. Be familiar with the terrain and its many different features. Surface Conditions: Off-roading surfaces can be hard-packed dirt, gravel, rocks, grass, sand, mud, snow, or ice. Each of these surfaces affects the vehicle's steering, acceleration, and braking in different ways. Depending on the surface, slipping, sliding, wheel spinning, delayed acceleration, poor traction, and longer braking distances can occur. Surface Obstacles: Unseen or hidden obstacles can be hazardous. A rock, log, hole, rut, or bump can startle you if you are not prepared for them. Often these obstacles are hidden by grass, bushes, snow, or even the rise and fall of the terrain itself.

Some things to consider:

Is the path ahead clear?

. Will the surface texture change abruptly up ahead? . Does the travel take you uphill or downhill? . Will you have to stop suddenly or change direction

quickly?

When driving over obstacles or rough terrain, keep a firm grip on the steering wheel. Ruts, troughs, or other surface features can jerk the wheel out of your hands. When driving over bumps, rocks, or other obstacles, the wheels can leave the ground. If this happens, even with one or two wheels, you cannot control the vehicle as well or at all. Because you will be on an unpaved surface, it is especially important to avoid sudden acceleration, sudden turns, or sudden braking. Off-roading requires a different kind of alertness from driving on paved roads and highways. There are no road signs, posted speed limits, or signal lights. Use good judgment about what is safe and what is not.

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Driving on Hills Off-road driving often takes you up, down, or across a hill. Driving safely on hills requires good judgment and an understanding of what the vehicle can and cannot do. There are some hills that simply cannot be driven, no matter how well built the vehicle.

{ WARNING:

Many hills are simply too steep for any vehicle. If you drive up them, you will stall. If you drive down them, you cannot control your speed. If you drive across them, you will roll over. You could be seriously injured or killed. If you have any doubt about the steepness, do not drive the hill.

Approaching a Hill When you approach a hill, decide if it is too steep to climb, descend, or cross. Steepness can be hard to judge. On a very small hill, for example, there may be a smooth, constant incline with only a small change in

elevation where you can easily see all the way to the top. On a large hill, the incline may get steeper as you near the top, but you might not see this because the crest of the hill is hidden by bushes, grass, or shrubs. Consider this as you approach a hill:

Is there a constant incline, or does the hill get sharply steeper in places? Is there good traction on the hillside, or will the surface cause tire slipping? Is there a straight path up or down the hill so you will not have to make turning maneuvers?

. Are there obstructions on the hill that can block

your path, such as boulders, trees, logs, or ruts?

. What is beyond the hill? Is there a cliff, an

embankment, a drop-off, a fence? Get out and walk the hill if you do not know. It is the smart way to find out. Is the hill simply too rough? Steep hills often have ruts, gullies, troughs, and exposed rocks because they are more susceptible to the effects of erosion.

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Driving Uphill Once you decide it is safe to drive up the hill:

. Use a low gear and get a firm grip on the steering

wheel.

. Get a smooth start up the hill and try to maintain

speed. Not using more power than needed can avoid spinning the wheels or sliding.

{ WARNING:

Turning or driving across steep hills can be dangerous. You could lose traction, slide sideways, and possibly roll over. You could be seriously injured or killed. When driving up hills, always try to go straight up.

Try to drive straight up the hill if at all possible. If the path twists and turns, you might want to find another route.

. Ease up on the speed as you approach the top of

the hill.

. Attach a flag to the vehicle to be more visible to

approaching traffic on trails or hills.

. Sound the horn as you approach the top of the hill

to let opposing traffic know you are there.

. Use headlamps even during the day to make the

vehicle more visible to oncoming traffic.

{ WARNING:

Driving to the top (crest) of a hill at full speed can cause an accident. There could be a drop-off, embankment, cliff, or even another vehicle. You could be seriously injured or killed. As you near the top of a hill, slow down and stay alert.

If the vehicle stalls, or is about to stall, and you cannot make it up the hill:

. Push the brake pedal to stop the vehicle and keep

it from rolling backwards and apply the parking brake. If the engine is still running, shift the transmission to R (Reverse), release the parking brake, and slowly back down the hill in R (Reverse).

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If the engine has stopped running, you need to restart it. With the brake pedal pressed and the parking brake still applied, shift the transmission to P (Park) and restart the engine. Then, shift to R (Reverse), release the parking brake, and slowly back down the hill as straight as possible in R (Reverse).

. While backing down the hill, put your left hand

on the steering wheel at the 12 o'clock position so you can tell if the wheels are straight and can maneuver as you back down. It is best to back down the hill with the wheels straight rather than in the left or right direction. Turning the wheel too far to the left or right will increase the possibility of a rollover.

Things not to do if the vehicle stalls, or is about to stall, when going up a hill:

. Never attempt to prevent a stall by shifting into

N (Neutral) to rev-up the engine and regain forward momentum. This will not work. The vehicle can roll backward very quickly and could go out of control.

. Never try to turn around if about to stall when

going up a hill. If the hill is steep enough to stall the vehicle, it is steep enough to cause it to roll over. If you cannot make it up the hill, back straight down the hill.

If, after stalling, you try to back down the hill and decide you just cannot do it, set the parking brake, put your transmission in P (Park), and turn off the engine. Leave the vehicle and go get some help. Exit on the uphill side and stay clear of the path the vehicle would take if it rolled downhill. Driving Downhill When off-roading takes you downhill, consider: . How steep is the downhill? Will I be able to

maintain vehicle control?

. What is the surface like? Smooth? Rough?

Slippery? Hard-packed dirt? Gravel?

. Are there hidden surface obstacles? Ruts? Logs?

Boulders?

. What is at the bottom of the hill? Is there a hidden

creek bank or even a river bottom with large rocks?

If you decide you can go down a hill safely, try to keep the vehicle headed straight down. Use a low gear so engine drag can help the brakes so they do not have to do all the work. Descend slowly, keeping the vehicle under control at all times.

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Vehicles are much more likely to stall when going uphill, but if it happens when going downhill:

1. Stop the vehicle by applying the regular brakes

and apply the parking brake.

2. Shift to P (Park) and, while still braking, restart the

engine.

3. Shift back to a low gear, release the parking brake,

and drive straight down. If the engine will not start, get out and get help.

4.

{ WARNING:

Heavy braking when going down a hill can cause your brakes to overheat and fade. This could cause loss of control and a serious accident. Apply the brakes lightly when descending a hill and use a low gear to keep vehicle speed under control.

Things not to do when driving down a hill:

. When driving downhill, avoid turns that take you across the incline of the hill. A hill that is not too steep to drive down might be too steep to drive across. The vehicle could roll over.

. Never go downhill with the transmission in

N (Neutral), called free-wheeling. The brakes will have to do all the work and could overheat and fade.

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. Surface conditions can be a problem. Loose

gravel, muddy spots, or even wet grass can cause the tires to slip sideways, downhill. If the vehicle slips sideways, it can hit something that will trip it — a rock, a rut, etc. — and roll over.

. Hidden obstacles can make the steepness of the incline even worse. If you drive across a rock with the uphill wheels, or if the downhill wheels drop into a rut or depression, the vehicle can tilt even more.

For these reasons, carefully consider whether to try to drive across an incline. Just because the trail goes across the incline does not mean you have to drive it. The last vehicle to try it might have rolled over. If you feel the vehicle starting to slide sideways, turn downhill. This should help straighten out the vehicle and prevent the side slipping. The best way to prevent this is to “walk the course” first, so you know what the surface is like before driving it.

Driving Across an Incline An off-road trail will probably go across the incline of a hill. To decide whether to try to drive across the incline, consider the following:

{ WARNING:

Driving across an incline that is too steep will make your vehicle roll over. You could be seriously injured or killed. If you have any doubt about the steepness of the incline, do not drive across it. Find another route instead.

. A hill that can be driven straight up or down

might be too steep to drive across. When going straight up or down a hill, the length of the wheel base — the distance from the front wheels to the rear wheels — reduces the likelihood the vehicle will tumble end over end. But when driving across an incline, the narrower track width — the distance between the left and right wheels — might not prevent the vehicle from tilting and rolling over. Driving across an incline puts more weight on the downhill wheels which could cause a downhill slide or a rollover.

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Stalling on an Incline

{ WARNING:

Getting out on the downhill (low) side of a vehicle stopped across an incline is dangerous. If the vehicle rolls over, you could be crushed or killed. Always get out on the uphill (high) side of the vehicle and stay well clear of the rollover path.

If the vehicle stalls when crossing an incline, be sure you, and any passengers, get out on the uphill side, even if the door there is harder to open. If you get out on the downhill side and the vehicle starts to roll over, you will be right in its path. If you have to walk down the slope, stay out of the path the vehicle will take if it does roll over. Driving in Mud, Sand, Snow, or Ice When you drive in mud, snow, or sand, the wheels do not get good traction. Acceleration is not as quick, turning is more difficult, and braking distances are longer. It is best to use a low gear when in mud — the deeper the mud, the lower the gear. In really deep mud, keep the vehicle moving so it does not get stuck.

When driving on sand, wheel traction changes. On loosely packed sand, such as on beaches or sand dunes, the tires will tend to sink into the sand. This affects steering, accelerating, and braking. Drive at a reduced speed and avoid sharp turns or abrupt maneuvers. Hard packed snow and ice offer the worst tire traction. On these surfaces, it is very easy to lose control. On wet ice, for example, the traction is so poor that you will have difficulty accelerating. And, if the vehicle does get moving, poor steering and difficult braking can cause it to slide out of control.

{ WARNING:

Driving on frozen lakes, ponds, or rivers can be dangerous. Underwater springs, currents under the ice, or sudden thaws can weaken the ice. Your vehicle could fall through the ice and you and your passengers could drown. Drive your vehicle on safe surfaces only.

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Driving in Water

{ WARNING:

Driving through rushing water can be dangerous. Deep water can sweep your vehicle downstream and you and your passengers could drown. If it is only shallow water, it can still wash away the ground from under your tires, and you could lose traction and roll the vehicle over. Do not drive through rushing water.

Heavy rain can mean flash flooding, and flood waters demand extreme caution. Find out how deep the water is before driving through it. Do not try it if it is deep enough to cover the wheel hubs, axles, or exhaust pipe — you probably will not get through. Deep water can damage the axle and other vehicle parts. If the water is not too deep, drive slowly through it. At faster speeds, water splashes on the ignition system and the vehicle can stall. Stalling can also occur if you get the tailpipe under water. If the tailpipe is under water, you will never be able to start the engine. When going through water, remember that when the brakes get wet, it might take longer to stop. See Driving in Rain and on Wet Roads on page 6‑25.

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After Off-Road Driving Remove any brush or debris that has collected on the underbody, chassis, or under the hood. These accumulations can be a fire hazard. After operation in mud or sand, have the brake linings cleaned and checked. These substances can cause glazing and uneven braking. Check the body structure, steering, suspension, wheels, tires, and exhaust system for damage and check the fuel lines and cooling system for any leakage. The vehicle requires more frequent service due to off-road use. Refer to the Maintenance Schedule for additional information. Driving at Night Night driving is more dangerous than day driving because some drivers are likely to be impaired — by alcohol or drugs, with night vision problems, or by fatigue. Night driving tips include:

. Drive defensively. . Do not drink and drive. . Reduce headlamp glare by adjusting the inside

rearview mirror.

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. Slow down and keep more space between you and

other vehicles because headlamps can only light up so much road ahead.

. Watch for animals. . When tired, pull off the road. . Do not wear sunglasses. . Avoid staring directly into approaching headlamps. . Keep the windshield and all glass on your vehicle

clean — inside and out.

. Keep your eyes moving, especially during turns or

curves.

No one can see as well at night as in the daytime. But, as we get older, these differences increase. A 50-year-old driver might need at least twice as much light to see the same thing at night as a 20-year-old. Driving in Rain and on Wet Roads Rain and wet roads can reduce vehicle traction and affect your ability to stop and accelerate. Always drive slower in these types of driving conditions and avoid driving through large puddles and deep‐standing or flowing water.

{ WARNING:

Wet brakes can cause crashes. They might not work as well in a quick stop and could cause pulling to one side. You could lose control of the vehicle. After driving through a large puddle of water or a car/vehicle wash, lightly apply the brake pedal until the brakes work normally. Flowing or rushing water creates strong forces. Driving through flowing water could cause your vehicle to be carried away. If this happens, you and other vehicle occupants could drown. Do not ignore police warnings and be very cautious about trying to drive through flowing water.

Hydroplaning Hydroplaning is dangerous. Water can build up under your vehicle's tires so they actually ride on the water. This can happen if the road is wet enough and you are going fast enough. When your vehicle is hydroplaning, it has little or no contact with the road. There is no hard and fast rule about hydroplaning. The best advice is to slow down when the road is wet.

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Tires: Are treads good? Are tires inflated to recommended pressure?

. Weather and Maps: Safe to travel? Have

up-to-date maps?

Highway Hypnosis Always be alert and pay attention to your surroundings while driving. If you become tired or sleepy, find a safe place to park your vehicle and rest. Other driving tips include:

. Keep the vehicle well ventilated. . Keep interior temperature cool. . Keep your eyes moving — scan the road ahead

and to the sides.

. Check the rearview mirror and vehicle instruments

often.

Other Rainy Weather Tips Besides slowing down, other wet weather driving tips include:

. Allow extra following distance. . Pass with caution. . Keep windshield wiping equipment in good shape. . Keep the windshield washer fluid reservoir filled. . Have good tires with proper tread depth. See Tires

on page 7‑58 . Turn off cruise control.

Before Leaving on a Long Trip To prepare your vehicle for a long trip, consider having it serviced by your dealer before departing. Things to check on your own include:

. Windshield Washer Fluid: Reservoir full? Windows

clean — inside and outside?

. Wiper Blades: In good shape?

Fuel, Engine Oil, Other Fluids: All levels checked? Lamps: Do they all work and are lenses clean?

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Hill and Mountain Roads Driving on steep hills or through mountains is different than driving on flat or rolling terrain. Tips for driving in these conditions include:

. Keep the vehicle serviced and in good shape. . Check all fluid levels and brakes, tires, cooling

system, and transmission.

. Going down steep or long hills, shift to a

lower gear.

{ WARNING:

If you do not shift down, the brakes could get so hot that they would not work well. You would then have poor braking or even none going down a hill. You could crash. Shift down to let the engine assist the brakes on a steep downhill slope.

{ WARNING:

Coasting downhill in N (Neutral) or with the ignition off is dangerous. The brakes will have to do all the work of slowing down and they could get so hot that they would not work well. You would then have poor braking or even none going down a hill. You could crash. Always have the engine running and the vehicle in gear when going downhill.

. Stay in your own lane. Do not swing wide or cut

across the center of the road. Drive at speeds that let you stay in your own lane. Top of hills: Be alert — something could be in your lane (stalled car, accident).

. Pay attention to special road signs (falling rocks

area, winding roads, long grades, passing or no-passing zones) and take appropriate action. See Off-Road Driving on page 6‑13 for information about driving off-road.

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Winter Driving Driving on Snow or Ice Drive carefully when there is snow or ice between the tires and the road, creating less traction or grip. Wet ice can occur at about 0°C (32°F) when freezing rain begins to fall, resulting in even less traction. Avoid driving on wet ice or in freezing rain until roads can be treated with salt or sand. Drive with caution, whatever the condition. Accelerate gently so traction is not lost. Accelerating too quickly causes the wheels to spin and makes the surface under the tires slick, so there is even less traction. Try not to break the fragile traction. If you accelerate too fast, the drive wheels will spin and polish the surface under the tires even more. The StabiliTrak® System on page 6‑6 improves the ability to accelerate on slippery roads, but slow down and adjust your driving to the road conditions. When driving through deep snow, turn off the traction control part of the StabiliTrak® System to help maintain vehicle motion at lower speeds.

The Antilock Brake System (ABS) on page 6‑5
improves vehicle stability during hard stops on a slippery roads, but apply the brakes sooner than when on dry pavement. Allow greater following distance on any slippery road and watch for slippery spots. Icy patches can occur on otherwise clear roads in shaded areas. The surface of a curve or an overpass can remain icy when the surrounding roads are clear. Avoid sudden steering maneuvers and braking while on ice. Turn off cruise control, if equipped, on slippery surfaces. Blizzard Conditions Being stuck in snow can be in a serious situation. Stay with the vehicle unless there is help nearby. If possible, use the Roadside Service on page 9‑8 . To get help and keep everyone in the vehicle safe:

Turn on the Hazard Warning Flashers on page 4‑3 . Tie a red cloth to an outside mirror.

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{ WARNING:

WARNING: (Continued)

Snow can trap engine exhaust under the vehicle. This may cause exhaust gases to get inside. Engine exhaust contains carbon monoxide (CO) which cannot be seen or smelled. It can cause unconsciousness and even death. If the vehicle is stuck in the snow: . Clear away snow from around the base of

your vehicle, especially any that is blocking the exhaust pipe.

. Check again from time to time to be sure

snow does not collect there.

. Open a window about 5 cm (two inches) on the side of the vehicle that is away from the wind to bring in fresh air. Fully open the air outlets on or under the instrument panel.

. Adjust the Climate Control system to a setting

that circulates the air inside the vehicle and set the fan speed to the highest setting. See Climate Control System in the Index.

(Continued)

For more information about carbon monoxide, see Engine Exhaust on page 3‑41. Snow can trap exhaust gases under your vehicle. This can cause deadly CO (carbon monoxide) gas to get inside. CO could overcome you and kill you. You cannot see it or smell it, so you might not know it is in your vehicle. Clear away snow from around the base of your vehicle, especially any that is blocking the exhaust.

Run the engine for short periods only as needed to keep warm, but be careful. To save fuel, run the engine for only short periods as needed to warm the vehicle and then shut the engine off and close the window most of the way to save heat. Repeat this until help arrives but only when you feel really uncomfortable from the cold. Moving about to keep warm also helps. If it takes some time for help to arrive, now and then when you run the engine, push the accelerator pedal slightly so the engine runs faster than the idle speed. This keeps the battery charged to restart the vehicle and to signal for help with the headlamps. Do this as little as possible to save fuel.

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Rocking Your Vehicle to Get It Out Turn the steering wheel left and right to clear the area around the front wheels. Turn off any traction or stability system. Shift back and forth between R (Reverse) and a forward gear, spinning the wheels as little as possible. To prevent transmission wear, wait until the wheels stop spinning before shifting gears. Release the accelerator pedal while shifting, and press lightly on the accelerator pedal when the transmission is in gear. Slowly spinning the wheels in the forward and reverse directions causes a rocking motion that could free the vehicle. If that does not get the vehicle out after a few tries, it might need to be towed out. Recovery hooks can be used, if the vehicle has them. If the vehicle does need to be towed out, see Towing Your Vehicle on page 6‑38.

If Your Vehicle is Stuck in Sand, Mud, Ice, or Snow Slowly and cautiously spin the wheels to free the vehicle when stuck in sand, mud, ice, or snow. See Rocking Your Vehicle to Get It Out on page 6‑30. If the vehicle has a traction system, it can often help to free a stuck vehicle. Refer to the vehicle's traction system in the Index. If stuck too severely for the traction system to free the vehicle, turn the traction system off and use the rocking method.

{ WARNING:

If the vehicle's tires spin at high speed, they can explode, and you or others could be injured. The vehicle can overheat, causing an engine compartment fire or other damage. Spin the wheels as little as possible and avoid going above 55 km/h (35 mph) as shown on the speedometer.

For information about using tire chains on the vehicle, see Tire Chains on page 7‑78.

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Recovery Hooks

{ WARNING:

These hooks, when used, are under a lot of force. Always pull the vehicle straight out. Never pull on the hooks at a sideways angle. The hooks could break off and you or others could be injured from the chain or cable snapping back.

Notice: Never use recovery hooks to tow the vehicle. Your vehicle could be damaged and it would not be covered by warranty. For vehicles with recovery hooks at the front of the vehicle, you can use them if you are stuck off-road and need to be pulled to some place where you can continue driving.

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Loading the Vehicle It is very important to know how much weight your vehicle can carry. This weight is called the vehicle capacity weight and includes the weight of all occupants, cargo, and all nonfactory-installed options. Two labels on your vehicle show how much weight it was designed to carry, the Tire and Loading Information label and the Certification/Tire label.

{ WARNING:

Do not load the vehicle any heavier than the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR), or either the maximum front or rear Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR). If you do, parts on the vehicle can break, and it can change the way the vehicle handles. These could cause you to lose control and crash. Also, overloading can shorten the life of the vehicle.

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Tire and Loading Information Label

Label Example

A vehicle specific Tire and Loading Information label is attached to the center pillar (B-pillar). With the driver's door open, you will find the label attached below the door lock post (striker). The tire and loading information label shows the number of occupant seating positions (A), and the maximum vehicle capacity weight (B) in kilograms and pounds.

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The Tire and Loading Information label also shows the size of the original equipment tires (C) and the recommended cold tire inflation pressures (D). For more information on tires and inflation see Tires on page 7‑58 and Inflation - Tire Pressure on page 7‑65 . There is also important loading information on the vehicle Certification/Tire label. It tells you the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) and the Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) for the front and rear axles. See “Certification/Tire Label” later in this section. Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit 1. Locate the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs” on your vehicle's placard.

2. Determine the combined weight of the driver

and passengers that will be riding in your vehicle.

3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver and passengers from XXX kg or XXX lbs.

4. The resulting figure equals the available

amount of cargo and luggage load capacity. For example, if the “XXX” amount equals 1400 lbs and there will be five 150 lb passengers in your vehicle, the amount of available cargo and luggage load capacity is 650 lbs (1400 − 750 (5 x 150) = 650 lbs).

6.

5. Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4. If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, the load from your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle. Consult this manual to determine how this reduces the available cargo and luggage load capacity of your vehicle. See Towing a Trailer on page 6‑42 for important information on towing a trailer, towing safety rules and trailering tips.

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Example 1

Example 2

Item

Description Vehicle Capacity Weight for Example 1 = Subtract Occupant Weight @ 150 lbs (68 kg) × 2 = Available Occupant and Cargo Weight =

Total

Item

1,000 lbs (453 kg)

300 lbs (136 kg)

700 lbs (317 kg)

Description Vehicle Capacity Weight for Example 2 = Subtract Occupant Weight @ 150 lbs (68 kg) × 5 = Available Cargo Weight =

Total

1,000 lbs (453 kg)

750 lbs (136 kg)

250 lbs (113 kg)

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The combined weight of the driver, passengers, and cargo should never exceed your vehicle's capacity weight. Certification/Tire Label

Example 3

Item

Description Vehicle Capacity Weight for Example 3 = Subtract Occupant Weight @ 200 lbs (91 kg) × 5 = Available Cargo Weight =

Total

1,000 lbs (453 kg)

1,000 lbs (453 kg)

0 lbs (0 kg)

Refer to your vehicle's tire and loading information label for specific information about your vehicle's capacity weight and seating positions.

A vehicle specific Certification/Tire label is attached to the rear edge of the driver's door. The label shows the size of your vehicle's original tires and the inflation pressures needed to obtain the gross weight capacity of your vehicle. This is called Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR). The GVWR includes the weight of the vehicle, all occupants, fuel, and cargo.

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The Certification/Tire label also tells you the maximum weights for the front and rear axles, called Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR). To find out the actual loads on your front and rear axles, you need to go to a weigh station and weigh your vehicle. Your dealer can help you with this. Be sure to spread out your load equally on both sides of the center line. Never exceed the GVWR for your vehicle, or the GAWR for either the front or rear axle. And, if you do have a heavy load, you should spread it out.

{ WARNING:

Do not load the vehicle any heavier than the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR), or either the maximum front or rear Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR). If you do, parts on the vehicle can break, and it can change the way the vehicle handles. These could