2013 Cadillac CTS Owners Manual

climates where snowfall may be significant, these tires may be found to provide less traction.

Summer Tires This vehicle may come with high performance summer tires. These tires have a special tread and compound that are optimized for maximum dry and wet road performance. This special tread and compound will decrease performance in cold climates, and on ice and snow. We recommend installing winter tires on the vehicle if frequent driving in cold temperatures or on snow or ice covered roads is expected. See Winter Tires on page 10‑60.

Notice: Low‐profile tires are more susceptible to damage from road hazards or curb impact than standard profile tires. Tire and/or wheel assembly damage can occur when coming into contact with road hazards like, potholes, or sharp edged objects, or when sliding into a curb. The warranty does not cover this type of damage. Keep tires set to the correct inflation pressure and, when possible, avoid contact with curbs, potholes, and other road hazards.

Summer Performance Tires Many General Motors high performance models come factory‐equipped with tires that are optimized for maximum dry and wet road performance while still retaining satisfactory tread life, excellent durability, and low

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Tire Sidewall Labeling Useful information about a tire is molded into its sidewall. The examples show a typical passenger vehicle tire and a compact spare tire sidewall.

Passenger (P-Metric) Tire Example (1) Tire Size: The tire size is a combination of letters and numbers used to define a particular tire's width, height, aspect ratio, construction type,

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and service description. See the “Tire Size” illustration later in this section. (2) TPC Spec (Tire Performance Criteria Specification): Original equipment tires designed to GM's specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall. GM's TPC specifications meet or exceed all federal safety guidelines. (3) DOT (Department of Transportation): The Department of Transportation (DOT) code indicates that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation Motor Vehicle Safety Standards.

DOT Tire Date of Manufacture: The last four digits of the TIN indicate the tire manufactured date. The first two digits represent the week (01–52) and the last two digits, the year. For example, the third week of the year 2010 would have a four-digit DOT date of 0310. (4) Tire Identification Number (TIN): The letters and numbers following the DOT (Department of Transportation) code are the Tire Identification Number (TIN). The TIN shows the manufacturer and plant code, tire size, and date the tire was manufactured. The TIN is molded onto both sides of the tire, although only one side may have the date of manufacture.

(5) Tire Ply Material: The type of cord and number of plies in the sidewall and under the tread. (6) Uniform Tire Quality Grading (UTQG): Tire manufacturers are required to grade tires based on three performance factors: treadwear, traction, and temperature resistance. For more information see Uniform Tire Quality Grading on page 10‑78. (7) Maximum Cold Inflation Load Limit: Maximum load that can be carried and the maximum pressure needed to support that load.

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information on tire pressure and inflation see Tire Pressure on page 10‑67. (6) Tire Size: A combination of letters and numbers define a tire's width, height, aspect ratio, construction type, and service description. The letter T as the first character in the tire size means the tire is for temporary use only. (7) TPC Spec (Tire Performance Criteria Specification): Original equipment tires designed to GM's specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall. GM's TPC specifications meet or exceed all federal safety guidelines.

spare tire, see Compact Spare Tire on page 10‑100 and If a Tire Goes Flat on page 10‑81. (3) Tire Identification Number (TIN): The letters and numbers following the DOT (Department of Transportation) code are the Tire Identification Number (TIN). The TIN shows the manufacturer and plant code, tire size, and date the tire was manufactured. The TIN is molded onto both sides of the tire, although only one side may have the date of manufacture. (4) Maximum Cold Inflation Load Limit: Maximum load that can be carried and the maximum pressure needed to support that load. (5) Tire Inflation: The temporary use tire or compact spare tire should be inflated to 420 kPa (60 psi). For more

Compact Spare Tire Example (1) Tire Ply Material: The type of cord and number of plies in the sidewall and under the tread. (2) Temporary Use Only: The compact spare tire or temporary use tire should not be driven at speeds over 80 km/h (50 mph). The compact spare tire is for emergency use when a regular road tire has lost air and gone flat. If the vehicle has a compact

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Tire Designations

Tire Size The following is an example of a typical passenger vehicle tire size.

(1) Passenger (P-Metric) Tire: The United States version of a metric tire sizing system. The letter P as the first character in the tire size means a passenger vehicle tire engineered to standards set by the U.S. Tire and Rim Association. (2) Tire Width: The three-digit number indicates the tire section width in millimeters from sidewall to sidewall.

(3) Aspect Ratio: A two-digit number that indicates the tire height-to-width measurements. For example, if the tire size aspect ratio is 60, as shown in item 3 of the illustration, it would mean that the tire's sidewall is 60 percent as high as it is wide. (4) Construction Code: A letter code is used to indicate the type of ply construction in the tire. The letter R means radial ply construction; the letter D means diagonal or bias ply construction; and the letter B means belted-bias ply construction. (5) Rim Diameter: Diameter of the wheel in inches. (6) Service Description: These characters represent the load index and speed rating of the tire. The load index represents the load carrying capacity a tire

is certified to carry. The speed rating is the maximum speed a tire is certified to carry a load.

Tire Terminology and Definitions Air Pressure: The amount of air inside the tire pressing outward on each square inch of the tire. Air pressure is expressed in kPa (kilopascal) or psi (pounds per square inch). Accessory Weight: The combined weight of optional accessories. Some examples of optional accessories are automatic transmission, power steering, power brakes, power windows, power seats, and air conditioning. Aspect Ratio: The relationship of a tire's height to its width.

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Belt: A rubber coated layer of cords between the plies and the tread. Cords may be made from steel or other reinforcing materials. Bead: The tire bead contains steel wires wrapped by steel cords that hold the tire onto the rim. Bias Ply Tire: A pneumatic tire in which the plies are laid at alternate angles less than 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. Cold Tire Pressure: The amount of air pressure in a tire, measured in kPa (kilopascal) or psi (pounds per square inch) before a tire has built up heat from driving. See Tire Pressure on page 10‑67. Curb Weight: The weight of a motor vehicle with standard and optional equipment including the

maximum capacity of fuel, oil, and coolant, but without passengers and cargo. DOT Markings: A code molded into the sidewall of a tire signifying that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. The DOT code includes the Tire Identification Number (TIN), an alphanumeric designator which can also identify the tire manufacturer, production plant, brand, and date of production. GVWR: Gross Vehicle Weight Rating. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑10. GAWR FRT: Gross Axle Weight Rating for the front axle. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑10.

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GAWR RR: Gross Axle Weight Rating for the rear axle. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑10. Intended Outboard Sidewall: The side of an asymmetrical tire, that must always face outward when mounted on a vehicle. Kilopascal (kPa): The metric unit for air pressure. Light Truck (LT-Metric) Tire: A tire used on light duty trucks and some multipurpose passenger vehicles. Load Index: An assigned number ranging from 1 to 279
that corresponds to the load carrying capacity of a tire. Maximum Inflation Pressure: The maximum air pressure to which a cold tire can be inflated. The maximum air pressure is molded onto the sidewall.

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Maximum Load Rating: The load rating for a tire at the maximum permissible inflation pressure for that tire. Maximum Loaded Vehicle Weight: The sum of curb weight, accessory weight, vehicle capacity weight, and production options weight. Normal Occupant Weight: The number of occupants a vehicle is designed to seat multiplied by 68 kg (150 lbs). See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑10. Occupant Distribution: Designated seating positions. Outward Facing Sidewall: The side of an asymmetrical tire that has a particular side that faces outward when mounted on a vehicle. The side of the tire that contains a whitewall, bears white lettering, or bears manufacturer, brand, and/or

model name molding that is higher or deeper than the same moldings on the other sidewall of the tire. Passenger (P-Metric) Tire: A tire used on passenger cars and some light duty trucks and multipurpose vehicles. Recommended Inflation Pressure: Vehicle manufacturer's recommended tire inflation pressure as shown on the tire placard. See Tire Pressure on page 10‑67 and Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑10. Radial Ply Tire: A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. Rim: A metal support for a tire and upon which the tire beads are seated.

Sidewall: The portion of a tire between the tread and the bead. Speed Rating: An alphanumeric code assigned to a tire indicating the maximum speed at which a tire can operate. Traction: The friction between the tire and the road surface. The amount of grip provided. Tread: The portion of a tire that comes into contact with the road. Treadwear Indicators: Narrow bands, sometimes called wear bars, that show across the tread of a tire when only 1.6 mm (1/16 in) of tread remains. See When It Is Time for New Tires on page 10‑75.

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UTQGS (Uniform Tire Quality Grading Standards): A tire information system that provides consumers with ratings for a tire's traction, temperature, and treadwear. Ratings are determined by tire manufacturers using government testing procedures. The ratings are molded into the sidewall of the tire. See Uniform Tire Quality Grading on page 10‑78. Vehicle Capacity Weight: The number of designated seating positions multiplied by 68 kg (150 lbs) plus the rated cargo load. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑10. Vehicle Maximum Load on the Tire: Load on an individual tire due to curb weight, accessory weight, occupant weight, and cargo weight.

Vehicle Placard: A label permanently attached to a vehicle showing the vehicle capacity weight and the original equipment tire size and recommended inflation pressure. See “Tire and Loading Information Label” under Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑10.

Tire Pressure Tires need the correct amount of air pressure to operate effectively. Notice: Neither tire underinflation nor overinflation is good. Underinflated tires, or tires that do not have enough air, can result in:

. Tire overloading and

overheating which could lead to a blowout.

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. Premature or

irregular wear. . Poor handling. . Reduced fuel economy.

Overinflated tires, or tires that have too much air, can result in:

. Unusual wear. . Poor handling. . Rough ride. . Needless damage from

road hazards.

The Tire and Loading Information label on the vehicle indicates the original equipment tires and the correct cold tire inflation pressures. The recommended pressure is the minimum air pressure needed to support the vehicle's maximum load carrying capacity. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑10.

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How the vehicle is loaded affects vehicle handling and ride comfort. Never load the vehicle with more weight than it was designed to carry.

When to Check Check the tires once a month or more. Do not forget the compact spare, if the vehicle has one. The cold compact spare tire pressure should be at 420 kPa (60 psi). See Compact Spare Tire on page 10‑100.

How to Check Use a good quality pocket-type gauge to check tire pressure. Proper tire inflation cannot be determined by looking at the tire. Check the tire inflation pressure when the tires are cold, meaning the vehicle has not been driven for at least three hours or no more than 1.6 km (1 mi).

Remove the valve cap from the tire valve stem. Press the tire gauge firmly onto the valve to get a pressure measurement. If the cold tire inflation pressure matches the recommended pressure on the Tire and Loading Information label, no further adjustment is necessary. If the inflation pressure is low, add air until the recommended pressure is reached. If the inflation pressure is high, press on the metal stem in the center of the tire valve to release air. Recheck the tire pressure with the tire gauge. Return the valve caps on the valve stems to prevent leaks and keep out dirt and moisture.

Tire Pressure for High-Speed Operation

{ WARNING

Driving at high speeds, 160 km/h (100 mph) or higher, puts an additional strain on tires. Sustained high-speed driving causes excessive heat buildup and can cause sudden tire failure. You could have a crash and you or others could be killed. Some high-speed rated tires require inflation pressure adjustment for high-speed operation. When speed limits and road conditions are such that a vehicle can be driven at high speeds, make sure the tires are rated for high-speed operation, in excellent condition, and set to the correct cold tire inflation pressure for the vehicle load.

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Vehicles with 255/40ZR19 or 285/35ZR19 size tires require inflation pressure adjustment when driving the vehicle at speeds of 160 km/h (100 mph) or higher. Set the cold inflation pressure to the maximum inflation pressure shown on the tire sidewall, or 300 kPa (44 psi), whichever is lower. See the example following. Return the tires to the recommended cold tire inflation pressure when high-speed driving has ended. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑10 and Tire Pressure on page 10‑67. Example: The maximum load and inflation pressure is molded on the tire sidewall, in small letters, near the rim flange. It will read something like this: Maximum load 690 kg (1521 lbs) 300 kPa (44 psi) Max. Press. For this example, set the inflation pressure for high‐speed driving at 300 kPa (44 psi).

Tire Pressure Monitor System The Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) uses radio and sensor technology to check tire pressure levels. The TPMS sensors monitor the air pressure in your tires and transmit tire pressure readings to a receiver located in the vehicle. Each tire, including the spare (if provided), should be checked monthly when cold and inflated to the inflation pressure recommended by the vehicle manufacturer on the vehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label. (If your vehicle has tires of a different size than the size indicated on the vehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label, you should determine the proper tire inflation pressure for those tires.) As an added safety feature, your vehicle has been equipped with a tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) that illuminates a low tire

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pressure telltale when one or more of your tires is significantly under-inflated. Accordingly, when the low tire pressure telltale illuminates, you should stop and check your tires as soon as possible, and inflate them to the proper pressure. Driving on a significantly under-inflated tire causes the tire to overheat and can lead to tire failure. Under-inflation also reduces fuel efficiency and tire tread life, and may affect the vehicle's handling and stopping ability. Please note that the TPMS is not a substitute for proper tire maintenance, and it is the driver's responsibility to maintain correct tire pressure, even if under-inflation has not reached the level to trigger illumination of the TPMS low tire pressure telltale. Your vehicle has also been equipped with a TPMS malfunction indicator to indicate when the system is not operating properly.

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The TPMS malfunction indicator is combined with the low tire pressure telltale. When the system detects a malfunction, the telltale will flash for approximately one minute and then remain continuously illuminated. This sequence will continue upon subsequent vehicle start-ups as long as the malfunction exists. When the malfunction indicator is illuminated, the system may not be able to detect or signal low tire pressure as intended. TPMS malfunctions may occur for a variety of reasons, including the installation of replacement or alternate tires or wheels on the vehicle that prevent the TPMS from functioning properly. Always check the TPMS malfunction telltale after replacing one or more tires or wheels on your vehicle to ensure that the replacement or alternate tires and wheels allow the TPMS to continue to function properly. See Tire Pressure Monitor Operation on page 10‑70.

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Rules and with Industry Canada Standards See Radio Frequency Statement on page 13‑20 for information regarding Part 15 of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Rules and with Industry Canada Standards RSS-GEN/210/220/310.

Tire Pressure Monitor Operation This vehicle may have a Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS). The TPMS is designed to warn the driver when a low tire pressure condition exists. TPMS sensors are mounted onto each tire and wheel assembly, excluding the spare tire and wheel assembly, if the vehicle has one. The TPMS sensors monitor the air pressure in the tires and transmits the tire pressure readings to a receiver located in the vehicle.

When a low tire pressure condition is detected, the TPMS illuminates the low tire pressure warning light located on the instrument cluster. If the warning light comes on, stop as soon as possible and inflate the tires to the recommended pressure shown on the tire loading information label. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑10. A message to check the pressure in a specific tire displays in the DIC display screen. The low tire pressure warning light and the DIC warning message come at each ignition cycle until the tires are inflated to the correct inflation pressure. Using the Driver Information Center (DIC), tire pressure levels can be viewed. For additional information and details about the DIC operation and

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displays see Driver Information Center (DIC) on page 5‑27 and Tire Messages on page 5‑43. The low tire pressure warning light may come on in cool weather when the vehicle is first started, and then turn off as the vehicle is driven. This could be an early indicator that the air pressure is getting low and needs to be inflated to the proper pressure. The Tire and Loading Information label shows the size of the original equipment tires and the correct inflation pressure for the tires when they are cold. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑10, for an example of the Tire and Loading Information label and its location. Also see Tire Pressure on page 10‑67. The TPMS can warn about a low tire pressure condition but it does not replace normal tire maintenance. See Tire Inspection on page 10‑73, Tire Rotation on page 10‑73 and Tires on page 10‑59.

Notice: Tire sealant materials are not all the same. A non-approved tire sealant could damage the TPMS sensors. TPMS sensor damage caused by using an incorrect tire sealant is not covered by the vehicle warranty. Always use only the GM-approved tire sealant available through your dealer or included in the vehicle. Factory-installed Tire Inflator Kits use a GM approved liquid tire sealant. Using non-approved tire sealants could damage the TPMS sensors. See Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit on page 10‑83 for information regarding the inflator kit materials and instructions. TPMS Malfunction Light and Message The TPMS will not function properly if one or more of the TPMS sensors are missing or inoperable. When the system detects a malfunction, the low tire warning light flashes for about one minute and then stays on

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for the remainder of the ignition cycle. A DIC warning message also displays. The malfunction light and DIC warning message come on at each ignition cycle until the problem is corrected. Some of the conditions that can cause these to come on are: . One of the road tires has been

replaced with the spare tire, if the vehicle has one. The spare tire does not have a TPMS sensor. The malfunction light and the DIC message should go off after the road tire is replaced and the sensor matching process is performed successfully. See “TPMS Sensor Matching Process” later in this section. The TPMS sensor matching process was not done or not completed successfully after rotating the tires. The malfunction light and the DIC message should go off after successfully completing the

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sensor matching process. See “TPMS Sensor Matching Process” later in this section.

. One or more TPMS sensors are

missing or damaged. The malfunction light and the DIC message should go off when the TPMS sensors are installed and the sensor matching process is performed successfully. See your dealer for service.

. Replacement tires or wheels do not match the original equipment tires or wheels. Tires and wheels other than those recommended could prevent the TPMS from functioning properly. See Buying New Tires on page 10‑76.

. Operating electronic devices or being near facilities using radio wave frequencies similar to the TPMS could cause the TPMS sensors to malfunction.

If the TPMS is not functioning properly, it cannot detect or signal a low tire condition. See your dealer

for service if the TPMS malfunction light and DIC message comes on and stays on. TPMS Sensor Matching Process Each TPMS sensor has a unique identification code. The identification code needs to be matched to a new tire/wheel position after rotating the vehicle’s tires or replacing one or more of the TPMS sensors. Also, the TPMS sensor matching process should be performed after replacing a spare tire with a road tire containing the TPMS sensor. The malfunction light and the DIC message should go off at the next ignition cycle. The sensors are matched to the tire/wheel positions, using a TPMS relearn tool, in the following order: driver side front tire, passenger side front tire, passenger side rear tire, and driver side rear. See your dealer for service or to purchase a relearn tool.

There are two minutes to match the first tire/wheel position, and five minutes overall to match all four tire/wheel positions. If it takes longer, the matching process stops and must be restarted. The TPMS matching process is: 1. Set the parking brake. 2. Turn the ignition to ON/RUN with

the engine off.

3. Press the Remote Keyless Entry

(RKE) transmitter's lock and unlock buttons at the same time for approximately five seconds. The horn sounds twice to signal the receiver is in relearn mode and Tire Learning Active message displays on the DIC screen.

4. Start with the driver side

front tire.

5. Place the relearn tool against

the tire sidewall, near the valve stem. Then press the button to activate the TPMS sensor. A horn chirp confirms that the

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sensor identification code has been matched to this tire and wheel position.

6. Proceed to the passenger side

front tire, and repeat the procedure in Step 5.

7. Proceed to the passenger side

rear tire, and repeat the procedure in Step 5.

8. Proceed to the driver side rear

tire, and repeat the procedure in Step 5. After hearing the confirming horn chirp, for the driver side rear tire, the horn sounds two more times to signal the tire learning mode is no longer active.

9. Turn the ignition to LOCK/OFF. 10. Set all four tires to the

recommended air pressure level as indicated on the tire and loading information label.

Tire Inspection We recommend that the tires, including the spare tire, if the vehicle has one, be inspected for signs of wear or damage at least once a month. Replace the tire if: . The indicators at three or

more places around the tire can be seen.

. There is cord or fabric

showing through the tire's rubber.

. The tread or sidewall is

cracked, cut, or snagged deep enough to show cord or fabric.

. The tire has a bump, bulge,

or split.

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. The tire has a puncture, cut, or other damage that cannot be repaired well because of the size or location of the damage.

Tire Rotation If the vehicle has non-directional tires, they should be rotated every 12 000 km/7,500 mi. See Maintenance Schedule on page 11‑3. Tires are rotated to achieve a uniform wear for all tires. The first rotation is the most important. Anytime unusual wear is noticed, rotate the tires as soon as possible and check for damaged tires or wheels.

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If the unusual wear continues after the rotation, check the wheel alignment. See When It Is Time for New Tires on page 10‑75 and Wheel Replacement on page 10‑80. Directional tires should not be rotated. Each tire and wheel should be used only in the position it is in. Directional tires will have an arrow on the tire indicating the proper direction of rotation or will have “left” or “right” molded on the sidewall.

Use this rotation pattern if the vehicle has different size tires on the front and rear and they are non-directional. Different tire sizes should not be rotated front to rear.

Use this rotation pattern when rotating tires of the same size installed on all four wheel positions. If the vehicle has a compact spare tire, do not include it in the tire rotation. Adjust the front and rear tires to the recommended inflation pressure on the Tire and Loading Information label after the tires have been rotated.

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See Tire Pressure on page 10‑67 and Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑10. Reset the Tire Pressure Monitor System. See Tire Pressure Monitor Operation on page 10‑70. Check that all wheel nuts are properly tightened. See “Wheel Nut Torque” under Capacities and Specifications on page 12‑2.

{ WARNING

Rust or dirt on a wheel, or on the parts to which it is fastened, can make wheel nuts become loose after time. The wheel could come off and cause an accident. When changing a wheel, remove any rust or dirt from places where the wheel attaches to the vehicle. In an emergency, a cloth or a paper (Continued)

WARNING (CONTINUED)

towel can be used; however, use a scraper or wire brush later to remove all rust or dirt.

Lightly coat the center of the wheel hub with wheel bearing grease after a wheel change or tire rotation to prevent corrosion or rust build-up. Do not get grease on the flat wheel mounting surface or on the wheel nuts or bolts.

When It Is Time for New Tires Factors such as maintenance, temperatures, driving speeds, vehicle loading, and road conditions affect the wear rate of the tires.

Treadwear indicators are one way to tell when it is time for new tires. Treadwear indicators appear when the tires have only 1.6 mm (1/16 in) or less of tread remaining. See Tire Inspection on page 10‑73 and Tire Rotation on page 10‑73. The rubber in tires ages over time. This also applies to the spare tire, if the vehicle has one, even if it is never used. Multiple factors including temperatures, loading conditions, and inflation pressure maintenance affect how fast aging takes place.

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GM recommends that tires, including the spare if equipped, be replaced after six years, regardless of tread wear. The tire manufacturer date is the last four digits of the DOT Tire Identification Number (TIN) which is molded into one side of the tire sidewall. The first two digits represent the week (01–52) and the last two digits, the year. For example, the third week of the year 2010 would have a four-digit DOT date of 0310. Vehicle Storage Tires age when stored normally mounted on a parked vehicle. Park a vehicle that will be stored for at least a month in a cool, dry, clean area away from direct sunlight to slow aging. This area should be free of grease, gasoline, or other substances that can deteriorate rubber. Parking for an extended period can cause flat spots on the tires that may result in vibrations while driving. When storing a vehicle for

at least a month, remove the tires or raise the vehicle to reduce the weight from the tires.

Buying New Tires GM has developed and matched specific tires for the vehicle. The original equipment tires installed were designed to meet General Motors Tire Performance Criteria Specification (TPC Spec) system rating. When replacement tires are needed, GM strongly recommends buying tires with the same TPC Spec rating. GM's exclusive TPC Spec system considers over a dozen critical specifications that impact the overall performance of the vehicle, including brake system performance, ride and handling, traction control, and tire pressure monitoring performance. GM's TPC Spec

number is molded onto the tire's sidewall near the tire size. If the tires have an all-season tread design, the TPC Spec number will be followed by MS for mud and snow. See Tire Sidewall Labeling on page 10‑61, for additional information. GM recommends replacing worn tires in complete sets of four. Uniform tread depth on all tires will help to maintain the performance of the vehicle. Braking and handling performance may be adversely affected if all the tires are not replaced at the same time. If proper rotation and maintenance have been done, all four tires should wear out at about the same time. See Tire Rotation on page 10‑73 for information on proper tire rotation. However, if it is

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necessary to replace only one axle set of worn tires, place the new tires on the rear axle. Winter tires with the same speed rating as the original equipment tires may not be available for H, V, W, and ZR speed rated tires. Never exceed the winter tire's maximum speed capability when using winter tires with a lower speed rating.

{ WARNING

Mixing tires of different sizes (other than those originally installed on the vehicle), brands, or types may cause loss of control of the vehicle, resulting in a crash or other vehicle damage. Use the correct size, brand, and type of tire on all four wheels.

{ WARNING

{ WARNING

Tires could explode during improper service. Attempting to mount or dismount a tire could cause injury or death. Only your dealer or authorized tire service center should mount or dismount the tires.

Using bias-ply tires on the vehicle may cause the wheel rim flanges to develop cracks after many miles of driving. A tire and/or wheel could fail suddenly and cause a crash. Use only radial-ply tires with the wheels on the vehicle.

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If the vehicle tires must be replaced with a tire that does not have a TPC Spec number, make sure they are the same size, load range, speed rating, and construction (radial) as the original tires. Vehicles that have a tire pressure monitoring system could give an inaccurate low-pressure warning if non-TPC Spec rated tires are installed. See Tire Pressure Monitor Operation on page 10‑70. The Tire and Loading Information label indicates the original equipment tires on the vehicle. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑10, for the label location and more information about the Tire and Loading Information label.

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Different Size Tires and Wheels If wheels or tires are installed that are a different size than the original equipment wheels and tires, vehicle performance, including its braking, ride and handling characteristics, stability, and resistance to rollover may be affected. If the vehicle has electronic systems such as antilock brakes, rollover airbags, traction control, and electronic stability control, the performance of these systems can also be affected.

{ WARNING

If different sized wheels are used, there may not be an acceptable level of performance and safety if tires not recommended for those wheels are selected. This increases the chance of a crash and serious injury. Only use GM specific wheel and tire systems

(Continued)

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developed for the vehicle, and have them properly installed by a GM certified technician.

See Buying New Tires on page 10‑76 and Accessories and Modifications on page 10‑3.

Uniform Tire Quality Grading Quality grades can be found where applicable on the tire sidewall between tread shoulder and maximum section width. For example:

Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A The following information relates to the system developed by the United States National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), which grades tires by

treadwear, traction, and temperature performance. This applies only to vehicles sold in the United States. The grades are molded on the sidewalls of most passenger car tires. The Uniform Tire Quality Grading (UTQG) system does not apply to deep tread, winter tires, compact spare tires, tires with nominal rim diameters of 10 to 12 inches (25 to 30 cm), or to some limited-production tires. While the tires available on General Motors passenger cars and light trucks may vary with respect to these grades, they must also conform to federal safety requirements and additional General Motors Tire Performance Criteria (TPC) standards.

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All Passenger Car Tires Must Conform to Federal Safety Requirements In Addition To These Grades.

Treadwear The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a specified government test course. For example, a tire graded 150 would wear one and one-half (1½) times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual conditions of their use, however, and may depart significantly from the norm due to variations in driving habits, service practices and differences in road characteristics and climate.

Traction – AA, A, B, C The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are AA, A, B, and C. Those grades represent the tire's ability to stop on wet pavement as measured under controlled conditions on specified government test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor traction performance. Warning: The traction grade assigned to this tire is based on straight-ahead braking traction tests, and does not include acceleration, cornering, hydroplaning, or peak traction characteristics.

Temperature – A, B, C The temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing the tire's resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled

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10-79

conditions on a specified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and excessive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure. The grade C corresponds to a level of performance which all passenger car tires must meet under the Federal Motor Safety Standard No. 109. Grades B and A represent higher levels of performance on the laboratory test wheel than the minimum required by law. Warning: The temperature grade for this tire is established for a tire that is properly inflated and not overloaded. Excessive speed, underinflation, or excessive loading, either separately or in combination, can cause heat buildup and possible tire failure.

Cadillac CTS/CTS-V Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC - 4/18/12

Black plate (80,1)

10-80

Vehicle Care

Wheel Alignment and Tire Balance The tires and wheels were aligned and balanced at the factory to provide the longest tire life and best overall performance. Adjustments to wheel alignment and tire balancing will not be necessary on a regular basis. However, check the alignment if there is unusual tire wear or the vehicle is pulling to one side or the other. If the vehicle is vibrating when driving on a smooth road, the tires and wheels might need to be rebalanced. See your dealer for proper diagnosis. CTS-V models should only use adhesive wheel weights to balance the tires and wheels.

Wheel Replacement Replace any wheel that is bent, cracked, or badly rusted or corroded. If wheel nuts keep coming loose, the wheel, wheel bolts, and wheel nuts should be replaced. If the wheel leaks air, replace it. Some aluminum wheels can be repaired. See your dealer if any of these conditions exist. Your dealer will know the kind of wheel that is needed. Each new wheel should have the same load-carrying capacity, diameter, width, offset, and be mounted the same way as the one it replaces. Replace wheels, wheel bolts, wheel nuts, or Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) sensors with new GM original equipment parts.

{ WARNING

Using the wrong replacement wheels, wheel bolts, or wheel nuts can be dangerous. It could affect the braking and handling of the vehicle. Tires can lose air, and cause loss of control, causing a crash. Always use the correct wheel, wheel bolts, and wheel nuts for replacement.

Notice: The wrong wheel can also cause problems with bearing life, brake cooling, speedometer or odometer calibration, headlamp aim, bumper height, vehicle ground clearance, and tire or tire chain clearance to the body and chassis.

Cadillac CTS/CTS-V Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC - 4/18/12

Black plate (81,1)

WARNING (CONTINUED)

control and a crash. Use another type of traction device only if its manufacturer recommends it for the vehicle's tire size combination and road conditions. Follow that manufacturer's instructions. To avoid vehicle damage, drive slowly and readjust or remove the traction device if it contacts the vehicle. Do not spin the wheels. If traction devices are used, install them on the rear tires.

Used Replacement Wheels

{ WARNING

Replacing a wheel with a used one is dangerous. How it has been used or how far it has been driven may be unknown. It could fail suddenly and cause a crash. When replacing wheels, use a new GM original equipment wheel.

Tire Chains

{ WARNING

Do not use tire chains. There is not enough clearance. Tire chains used on a vehicle without the proper amount of clearance can cause damage to the brakes, suspension, or other vehicle parts. The area damaged by the tire chains could cause loss of

(Continued)

Vehicle Care

10-81

If a Tire Goes Flat It is unusual for a tire to blow out while driving, especially if the tires are maintained properly. See Tires on page 10‑59. If air goes out of a tire, it is much more likely to leak out slowly. But if there is ever a blowout, here are a few tips about what to expect and what to do: If a front tire fails, the flat tire creates a drag that pulls the vehicle toward that side. Take your foot off the accelerator pedal and grip the steering wheel firmly. Steer to maintain lane position, and then gently brake to a stop, well off the road, if possible. A rear blowout, particularly on a curve, acts much like a skid and may require the same correction as used in a skid. Stop pressing the accelerator pedal and steer to straighten the vehicle. It may be very bumpy and noisy. Gently brake to a stop, well off the road, if possible.

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Black plate (82,1)

10-82

Vehicle Care

{ WARNING

Driving on a flat tire will cause permanent damage to the tire. Re-inflating a tire after it has been driven on while severely underinflated or flat may cause a blowout and a serious crash. Never attempt to re-inflate a tire that has been driven on while severely underinflated or flat. Have your dealer or an authorized tire service center repair or replace the flat tire as soon as possible.

{ WARNING

Lifting a vehicle and getting under it to do maintenance or repairs is dangerous without the appropriate safety equipment and training. If a jack is provided with the vehicle, it is designed only for (Continued)

WARNING (CONTINUED)

changing a flat tire. If it is used for anything else, you or others could be badly injured or killed if the vehicle slips off the jack. If a jack is provided with the vehicle, only use it for changing a flat tire.

If a tire goes flat, avoid further tire and wheel damage by driving slowly to a level place, well off the road, if possible. Turn on the hazard warning flashers. See Hazard Warning Flashers on page 6‑5.

{ WARNING

Changing a tire can be dangerous. The vehicle can slip off the jack and roll over or fall causing injury or death. Find a level place to change the tire. To help prevent the vehicle from moving:

1. Set the parking brake firmly. 2. Put an automatic

transmission in P (Park) or a manual transmission in 1 (First) or R (Reverse).

3. Turn off the engine and do not restart while the vehicle is raised.

4. Do not allow passengers to

remain in the vehicle.

5. Place wheel blocks on both

sides of the tire at the opposite corner of the tire being changed.

Cadillac CTS/CTS-V Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC - 4/18/12

Black plate (83,1)

This vehicle may come with a jack and spare tire or a tire sealant and compressor kit. To use the jacking equipment to change a spare tire safely, follow the instructions below. Then see Tire Changing on page 10‑93. To use the tire sealant and compressor kit, see Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit on page 10‑83. When the vehicle has a flat tire (2), use the following example as a guide to assist you in the placement of wheel blocks (1).

1. Wheel Block 2. Flat Tire

Vehicle Care

10-83

The following information explains how to repair or change a tire.

{ WARNING

Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit

{ WARNING

Idling a vehicle in an enclosed area with poor ventilation is dangerous. Engine exhaust may enter the vehicle. Engine exhaust contains carbon monoxide (CO) which cannot be seen or smelled. It can cause unconsciousness and even death. Never run the engine in an enclosed area that has no fresh air ventilation. For more information, see Engine Exhaust on page 9‑24.

Overinflating a tire could cause the tire to rupture and you or others could be injured. Be sure to read and follow the tire sealant and compressor kit instructions and inflate the tire to its recommended pressure. Do not exceed the recommended pressure.

{ WARNING Storing the tire sealant and compressor kit or other equipment in the passenger compartment of the vehicle could cause injury. In a sudden stop or collision, loose equipment could strike someone. Store the tire sealant and compressor kit in its original location.

Cadillac CTS/CTS-V Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC - 4/18/12

Black plate (84,1)

The kit includes:

10-84

Vehicle Care

If this vehicle has a tire sealant and compressor kit, there may not be a spare tire or tire changing equipment, and on some vehicles there may not be a place to store a tire. The tire sealant and compressor can be used to temporarily seal punctures up to 6 mm (0.25 in) in the tread area of the tire. It can also be used to inflate an underinflated tire. If the tire has been separated from the wheel, has damaged sidewalls, or has a large puncture, the tire is too severely damaged for the tire sealant and compressor kit to be effective. See Roadside Service (U.S. and Canada) on page 13‑7 or Roadside Service (Mexico) on page 13‑9. Read and follow all of the tire sealant and compressor kit instructions.

1. Selector Switch (Sealant/Air or

Air Only)

2. On/Off Button 3. Pressure Gauge 4. Pressure Deflation Button 5. Tire Sealant Canister 6. Sealant/Air Hose (Clear) 7. Air Only Hose (Black) 8. Power Plug Tire Sealant Read and follow the safe handling instructions on the label adhered to the sealant canister. Check the tire sealant expiration date on the sealant canister. The sealant canister should be replaced before its expiration date. Replacement sealant canisters are available at your local dealer. See “Removal and Installation of the Sealant Canister” following. There is only enough sealant to seal one tire. After usage, the sealant canister and sealant/air hose

Cadillac CTS/CTS-V Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC - 4/18/12

Black plate (85,1)

assembly must be replaced. See “Removal and Installation of the Sealant Canister” following. Using the Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit to Temporarily Seal and Inflate a Punctured Tire Follow the directions closely for correct sealant usage.

Vehicle Care

10-85

3. Pressure Gauge 4. Pressure Deflation Button 5. Tire Sealant Canister 6. Sealant/Air Hose (Clear) 7. Air Only Hose (Black) 8. Power Plug When using the tire sealant and compressor kit during cold temperatures, warm the kit in a heated environment for five minutes. This will help to inflate the tire faster. If a tire goes flat, avoid further tire and wheel damage by driving slowly to a level place. Turn on the hazard warning flashers. See Hazard Warning Flashers on page 6‑5. See If a Tire Goes Flat on page 10‑81 for other important safety warnings. Do not remove any objects that have penetrated the tire.

1. Selector Switch (Sealant/Air or

Air Only)

2. On/Off Button

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Black plate (86,1)

10-86

Vehicle Care

1. Remove the tire sealant and

6. Plug the power plug (8) into the

9. Press the on/off button (2) to

compressor kit from its storage location. See Storing the Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit (Coupe) on page 10‑91 or Storing the Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit (Wagon) on page 10‑91 or Storing the Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit (Sedan) on page 10‑92.

2. Unwrap the sealant/air hose (6)

and the power plug (8).

3. Place the kit on the ground.

Make sure the tire valve stem is positioned close to the ground so the hose will reach it.

4. Remove the valve stem cap from

the flat tire by turning it counterclockwise.

5. Attach the sealant/air hose (6) onto the tire valve stem. Turn it clockwise until it is tight.

accessory power outlet in the vehicle. Unplug all items from other accessory power outlets. See Power Outlets on page 5‑9. If the vehicle has an accessory power outlet, do not use the cigarette lighter. If the vehicle only has a cigarette lighter, use the cigarette lighter. Do not pinch the power plug cord in the door or window.

7. Start the vehicle. The vehicle

must be running while using the air compressor.

10.

8. Press and turn the selector

switch (1) counterclockwise to the Sealant + Air position.

turn the tire sealant and compressor kit on. The compressor will inject sealant and air into the tire. The pressure gauge (3) will initially show a high pressure while the compressor pushes the sealant into the tire. Once the sealant is completely dispersed into the tire, the pressure will quickly drop and start to rise again as the tire inflates with air only.

Inflate the tire to the recommended inflation pressure using the pressure gauge (3). The recommended inflation pressure can be found on the Tire and Loading Information label. See Tire Pressure on page 10‑67.

Cadillac CTS/CTS-V Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC - 4/18/12

Black plate (87,1)

The pressure gauge (3) may read higher than the actual tire pressure while the compressor is on. Turn the compressor off to get an accurate pressure reading. The compressor may be turned on/off until the correct pressure is reached.

Notice: If the recommended pressure cannot be reached after approximately 25 minutes, the vehicle should not be driven farther. The tire is too severely damaged and the tire sealant and compressor kit cannot inflate the tire. Remove the power plug from the accessory power outlet and unscrew the inflating hose from the tire valve. See Roadside Service (U.S. and Canada) on page 13‑7 or Roadside Service (Mexico) on page 13‑9. 11. Press the on/off button (2) to

turn the tire sealant and compressor kit off.

The tire is not sealed and will continue to leak air until the vehicle is driven and the sealant is distributed in the tire, therefore, Steps 12–18 must be done immediately after Step 11. Be careful while handling the tire sealant and compressor kit as it could be warm after usage.

12. Unplug the power plug (8) from

the accessory power outlet in the vehicle.

13. Turn the sealant/air hose (6)

counterclockwise to remove it from the tire valve stem.

14. Replace the tire valve

stem cap.

15. Replace the sealant/air hose

(6), and the power plug (8) back in their original location.

Vehicle Care

10-87

16.

If the flat tire was able to inflate to the recommended inflation pressure, remove the maximum speed label from the sealant canister (5) and place it in a highly visible location. Do not exceed the speed on this label until the damaged tire is repaired or replaced.

17. Return the equipment to its

18.

original storage location in the vehicle. Immediately drive the vehicle 8 km (5 mi) to distribute the sealant in the tire.

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Black plate (88,1)

10-88

Vehicle Care

19. Stop at a safe location and

check the tire pressure. Refer to Steps 1–11 under “Using the Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit without Sealant to Inflate a Tire (Not Punctured).” If the tire pressure has fallen more than 68 kPa (10 psi) below the recommended inflation pressure, stop driving the vehicle. The tire is too severely damaged and the tire sealant cannot seal the tire. See Roadside Service (U.S. and Canada) on page 13‑7 or Roadside Service (Mexico) on page 13‑9. If the tire pressure has not dropped more than 68 kPa (10 psi) from the recommended inflation pressure, inflate the tire to the recommended inflation pressure.

20. Wipe off any sealant from the

wheel, tire, and vehicle.

21. Dispose of the used sealant canister (5) and sealant/air hose (6) assembly at a local dealer or in accordance with local state codes and practices.

22. Replace with a new canister assembly available from your dealer.

23. After temporarily sealing the tire using the tire sealant and compressor kit, take the vehicle to an authorized dealer within 161 km (100 mi) of driving to have the tire repaired or replaced.

Using the Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit without Sealant to Inflate a Tire (Not Punctured) To use the air compressor to inflate a tire with air only and not sealant:

1. Selector Switch (Sealant/Air or

Air Only)

2. On/Off Button

Cadillac CTS/CTS-V Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC - 4/18/12

Black plate (89,1)

Vehicle Care

10-89

2. Unwrap the air only hose (7) and

the power plug (8).

Do not pinch the power plug cord in the door or window.

3. Place the kit on the ground.

7. Start the vehicle. The vehicle

Make sure the tire valve stem is positioned close to the ground so the hose will reach it.

4. Remove the tire valve stem cap

from the flat tire by turning it counterclockwise.

5. Attach the air only hose (7) onto

the tire valve stem by turning it clockwise until it is tight.

must be running while using the air compressor.

8. Press and turn the selector

switch (1) clockwise to the Air Only position.

9. Press the on/off button (2) to

turn the compressor on. The compressor will inflate the tire with air only.

6. Plug the power plug (8) into the

10.

accessory power outlet in the vehicle. Unplug all items from other accessory power outlets. See Power Outlets on page 5‑9. If the vehicle has an accessory power outlet, do not use the cigarette lighter. If the vehicle only has a cigarette lighter, use the cigarette lighter.

Inflate the tire to the recommended inflation pressure using the pressure gauge (3). The recommended inflation pressure can be found on the Tire and Loading Information label. See Tire Pressure on page 10‑67.

3. Pressure Gauge 4. Pressure Deflation Button 5. Tire Sealant Canister 6. Sealant/Air Hose (Clear) 7. Air Only Hose (Black) 8. Power Plug If a tire goes flat, avoid further tire and wheel damage by driving slowly to a level place. Turn on the hazard warning flashers. See Hazard Warning Flashers on page 6‑5. See If a Tire Goes Flat on page 10‑81 for other important safety warnings. 1. Remove the tire sealant and

compressor kit from its storage location. See Storing the Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit (Coupe) on page 10‑91 or Storing the Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit (Wagon) on page 10‑91 or Storing the Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit (Sedan) on page 10‑92.

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Black plate (90,1)

10-90

Vehicle Care

The pressure gauge (3) may read higher than the actual tire pressure while the compressor is on. Turn the compressor off to get an accurate reading. The compressor may be turned on/ off until the correct pressure is reached. If you inflate the tire higher than the recommended pressure you can adjust the excess pressure by pressing the pressure deflation button (4) until the proper pressure reading is reached. This option is only functional when using the air only hose (7).

11. Press the on/off button (2) to

turn the tire sealant and compressor kit off. Be careful while handling the tire sealant and compressor kit as it could be warm after usage.

12. Unplug the power plug (8) from

the accessory power outlet in the vehicle.

13. Disconnect the air only hose

(7) from the tire valve stem, by turning it counterclockwise, and replace the tire valve stem cap.

14. Replace the air only hose (7)

and the power plug (8) and cord back in its original location.

15. Place the equipment in the

original storage location in the vehicle.

The tire sealant and compressor kit has an accessory adapter located in a compartment on the bottom of its housing that may be used to inflate air mattresses, balls, etc. Removal and Installation of the Sealant Canister To remove the sealant canister: 1. Unwrap the sealant hose. 2. Press the canister release

button.

3. Pull up and remove the canister. 4. Replace with a new canister which is available from your dealer.

5. Push the new canister into

place.

Cadillac CTS/CTS-V Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC - 4/18/12

Black plate (91,1)

Storing the Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit (Coupe) The tire sealant and compressor kit is in the trunk in one of the following locations. 1. Open the trunk. See Trunk on

page 2‑17.

Vehicle Care

10-91

Storing the Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit (Wagon) The tire sealant and compressor kit is in the rear of the vehicle.

2. Remove the retainer that holds the tire sealant and compressor kit in place.

3. Remove the tire sealant and compressor kit from the foam container.

To store the tire sealant and compressor kit, reverse the steps.

1. Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit 2. Foam Container 3. Subwoofer (Optional) 1. Open the liftgate. See Liftgate

on page 2‑18.

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Black plate (92,1)

10-92

Vehicle Care

2. Pull up on the tire sealant and compressor kit (1) to remove it from the foam container (2). It is not necessary to remove the subwoofer (3) to access the tire sealant and compressor kit; however, if you want to remove it see Tire Changing on page 10‑93 for instructions.

To store the tire sealant and compressor kit, reverse the steps.

Storing the Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit (Sedan) The tire sealant and compressor kit is in the trunk in one of the following locations.

1. Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit 2. Foam Container 3. Wing Nut 1. Open the trunk. See Trunk on

page 2‑17.

2. Locate the tire sealant and

compressor kit (1) in the center of the cargo area.

3. Remove the wing nut (3) that

holds the tire sealant and compressor kit (1) in place. 4. Remove the tire sealant and

compressor kit (1) from the foam container (2).

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Black plate (93,1)

Vehicle Care

10-93

Removing the Spare Tire and Tools (Wagon)

To store the tire sealant and compressor kit, reverse the steps.

Tire Changing

Removing the Spare Tire and Tools (Sedan)

Sedan

1. Wing Nut 2. Spare Tire 3. Jack 4. Wheel Wrench

5. Extension (If Equipped) 6. Strap To access the spare tire and jacking equipment: 1. Remove the spare tire cover. 2. Remove the foam cover,

if equipped.

3. Remove the stow rod cap by

pulling it straight up off of the rod.

4. Turn the wing nut (1) on the

compact spare tire (2) counterclockwise to remove.

5. Remove the spare tire and place

it next to the flat tire.

6. The tools you will be using next

include the jack (3), wheel wrench (4), and extension (5), if the vehicle has one.

Cadillac CTS/CTS-V Owner Manual - 2013 - CRC - 4/18/12

Black plate (94,1)

4. Remove the jack (3), wheel