2011 Volvo S60 Owners Manual

WARNING

Carbon monoxide is a poisonous, colorless, and odorless gas. It is present in all exhaust gases. If you ever smell exhaust fumes inside the vehicle, make sure the passenger compartment is ventilated, and immediately return the vehicle to a trained and qualified Volvo service technician for correction.

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Refueling

Opening/closing the fuel filler door

tral locking button does not lock the fuel filler door.

Manually opening the fuel filler door

• Be sure the fuel filler door is not obstructed

and is completely closed after refueling. • Open the fuel filler cap slowly during hot

weather.

Close the fuel filler door by pressing it a click indicates that it is closed.

CAUTION

• Avoid spilling gasoline during refueling.

In addition to causing damage to the environment, gasolines containing alcohol can cause damage to painted surfaces, which may not be covered under the New Vehicle Limited War- ranty.

If necessary, the fuel filler door can be opened manually: 1. Open the side hatch in the trunk (on the

same side as the fuel filler door).

2. Grasp the green cord with a handle. 3. Gently pull the cord straight rearward until

the fuel filler door clicks open.

The fuel filler door is located on the right rear fender (indicated by an arrow beside the fuel tank symbol on the information display

With the ignition switched off, press and release the button on the lighting panel to unlock the fuel filler door. Please note that the fuel filler door will remain unlocked until the vehicle begins to move forward. An audible click will be heard when the fuel filler door relocks. • If you intend to leave your vehicle while it is being refueled, this feature enables you to lock the doors/trunk while leaving the fuel filler door unlocked.

• You can also keep the vehicle locked if you remain inside it during refueling. The cen-

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Opening/closing the fuel cap

CAUTION

Fuel vapor expands in hot weather. Open the filler cap slowly. After refueling, close the fuel filler cap by turn- ing it clockwise until it clicks into place.

• Do not refuel with the engine running2. Turn the ignition off or to position I. If the ignition is on, an incorrect reading could occur in the fuel gauge.

• Avoid overfilling the fuel tank. Do not press the handle on the filler nozzle more than one extra time. Too much fuel in the tank in hot weather conditions can cause the fuel to overflow. Overfilling could also cause damage to the emis- sion control systems.

Emission controls

Three-way catalytic converter • Keep your engine properly tuned. Certain engine malfunctions, particularly involving the electrical, fuel or distributor ignition systems, may cause unusually high three- way catalytic converter temperatures. Do not continue to operate your vehicle if you detect engine misfire, noticeable loss of power or other unusual operating condi- tions, such as engine overheating or back- firing. A properly tuned engine will help

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Refueling

avoid malfunctions that could damage the three-way catalytic converter.

• Do not park your vehicle over combustible materials, such as grass or leaves, which can come into contact with the hot exhaust system and cause such materials to ignite under certain wind and weather condi- tions.

• Excessive starter cranking (in excess of one minute), or an intermittently firing or flooded engine can cause three-way cata- lytic converter or exhaust system over- heating.

• Remember that tampering or unauthorized

modifications to the engine, the Engine Control Module, or the vehicle may be ille- gal and can cause three-way catalytic con- verter or exhaust system overheating. This includes: altering fuel injection settings or components, altering emission system components or location or removing com- ponents, and/or repeated use of leaded fuel.

NOTE

Unleaded fuel is required for vehicles with three-way catalytic converters.

2 If the fuel filler cap is not closed tightly or if the engine is running when the vehicle is refueled, the Check Engine Light (malfunction indicator lamp) may indicate a fault. However, your vehicle's

performance will not be affected. Use only Volvo original or approved fuel filler caps.

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Refueling

Heated oxygen sensors The heated oxygen sensors monitor the oxy- gen content of the exhaust gases. Readings are fed into a control module that continuously monitors engine functions and controls fuel injection. The ratio of fuel to air into the engine is continuously adjusted for efficient combus- tion to help reduce harmful emissions.

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Introduction The load carrying capacity of your vehicle is determined by factors such as the number of passengers, the amount of cargo, the weight of any accessories that may be installed, etc. To increase loading space, the rear seat backr- ests can be folded down, see page 86. When loading the trunk, keep the following in mind:

The trunk lid can be unlocked an pop- ped open slightly via the button

located on the lighting panel, see page 67. • Load objects in the trunk against the back-

rest whenever possible.

• Unstable loads can be secured to the load anchoring eyelets with straps or web lash- ings to help keep them from shifting. • Stop the engine and apply the parking brake when loading or unloading long objects. The gear selector can be knocked out of position by long loads, which could set the vehicle in motion.

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Loading

WARNING

Load anchoring eyelets

• Stop the engine, put the gear selector in

P, and apply the parking brake when loading or unloading long objects. • The vehicle's driving characteristics

may change depending on the weight and distribution of the load.

• A 44-pound (20 kg) object produces a force of 2,200 pounds (1,000 kg) in a head-on collision at 30 mph (50 km/h). • The rear seat should not be loaded to a level higher than 2 in. (5 cm) below the upper edge of the rear side windows. Objects placed higher than this level could impede the function of the Volvo Inflatable Curtain.

Folding down the rear seat backrests The rear seat backrests can be folded down for additional loading space. See page 87 for infor- mation.

The load anchoring eyelets on both sides of the vehicle are used to fasten straps, etc., to help anchor items in the trunk.

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Loading

WARNING

• Cover sharp edges on long loads to help prevent injury to occupants. Secure the load to help prevent shifting during sud- den stops.

• Always secure large and heavy objects

with a seat belt or cargo retaining straps.

• Always secure the load to help prevent it from moving in the event of sudden stops.

• Switch off the engine, apply the parking

brake and put the gear selector in P when loading and unloading the vehicle.

Grocery bag holder*

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The grocery bag holder holds shopping bags in place. 1. Open the hatch in the floor of the trunk. 2. Secure the shopping bags with the strap.

Ski hatch

There is a hatch in the right section of the rear seat backrest that can be opened for transpor- tation.

Fold the right backrest forward.

Release the hatch in the rear seat backrest by sliding the catch up while folding the hatch forward. Return the backrest to the upright position with the hatch open.

Use the seat belt to prevent the load from mov- ing.

Grocery bag holder under the floor of the trunk

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* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.

WARNING

• Always secure the load to help prevent it from moving in the event of sudden braking.

• Switch off the engine, apply the parking

brake and put the gear selector in P when loading and unloading the vehicle.

The cover on the rear seat armrest/child seat has no hinge. The cover must be removed before the ski hatch is used. Removal: ± Open the cover 30 degrees and lift straight

up.

Installation: ±

Insert the cover in the grooves behind the upholstery and close the cover.

Roof loads

Using load carriers Load carriers are available as Volvo accesso- ries. Observe the following points when in use: • To avoid damaging your vehicle and to

achieve maximum safety when driving, we recommend using the load carriers that

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Loading

Volvo has developed especially for your vehicle.

• Volvo-approved removable roof racks are designed to carry the maximum allowable roof load for this vehicle: 220 lbs (100 kg). For non-Volvo roof racks, check the man- ufacturer's weight limits for the rack.

• Never exceed the rack manufacturer's

weigh limits and never exceed the maxi- mum rated roof load of 220 lbs (100 kg). • Avoid single-point loads. Distribute loads

evenly.

• Place heavier cargo at the bottom of the

load.

• Secure the cargo correctly with appropri-

ate tie-down equipment.

• Check periodically that the load carriers

and load are properly secured.

• Remember that the vehicle's center of gravity and handling change when you carry a load on the roof.

• The vehicle's wind resistance and fuel con- sumption will increase with the size of the load.

• Drive smoothly. Avoid rapid starts, fast

cornering and hard braking.

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06 During your trip

Towing a trailer

Introduction Volvo recommends the use of Volvo trailer hitches that are specially designed for the vehi- cle.

NOTE

See page 323 for the maximum trailer and tongue weights recommended by Volvo.

• Observe the legal requirements of the

state/province in which the vehicles are

• All Volvo models are equipped with

energy-absorbing shock-mounted bump- ers. Trailer hitch installation should not interfere with the proper operation of this bumper system.

Trailer towing does not normally present any particular problems, but take into considera- tion: • Increase tire pressure to recommended full

pressure. See the tire inflation tables beginning on page 263.

• When your vehicle is new, avoid towing heavy trailers during the first 620 miles (1,000 km).

• Maximum speed when towing a trailer:

50 mph (80 km/h).

• Engine and transmission are subject to

increased loads. Therefore, engine coolant temperature should be closely watched

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when driving in hot climates or hilly terrain. Use a lower gear and turn off the air con- ditioner if the temperature gauge needle enters the red range.

• If the automatic transmission begins to overheat, a message will be displayed in the text window.

• Avoid overload and other abusive opera-

tion.

• Hauling a trailer affects handling, durabil-

ity, and economy.

• It is necessary to balance trailer brakes

with the towing vehicle brakes to provide a safe stop (check and observe state/local regulations).

• Do not connect the trailer's brake system

directly to the vehicle's brake system. • More frequent vehicle maintenance is

required.

• Remove the ball and drawbar assembly

when the hitch is not being used.

• Volvo recommends the use of synthetic engine oil when towing a trailer over long distances or in mountainous areas.

WARNING

• Bumper-attached trailer hitches must

not be used on Volvos, nor should safety chains be attached to the bumper.

• Trailer hitches attaching to the vehicle

rear axle must not be used.

• Never connect a trailer's hydraulic brake system directly to the vehicle brake system, nor a trailer's lighting system directly to the vehicle lighting system. Consult your nearest author- ized Volvo retailer for correct installa- tion.

• When towing a trailer, the trailer's safety wire must be correctly fastened to the hole or hook provided in the trailer hitch on the vehicle. The safety wire should never be fastened to or wound around the drawbar ball.

NOTE

• When parking the vehicle with a trailer on a hill, apply the parking brake before putting the gear selector in P. Always follow the trailer manufacturer's recom- mendations for wheel chocking.

• When starting on a hill, put the gear

selector in D before releasing the park- ing brake. See also page 117 for more detailed information about starting off on a hill while towing a trailer.

• If you use the manual (Geartronic) shift positions while towing a trailer, make sure the gear you select does not put too much strain on the engine (using too high a gear).

• The drawbar assembly/trailer hitch may

be rated for trailers heavier than the vehicle is designed to tow. Please adhere to Volvo's recommended trailer weights.

• Avoid driving with a trailer on inclines of

more than 15 %.

Trailer cable An adapter is required if the vehicle's trailer hitch has a 13-pin connector and the trailer has 7 pins. Use an adapter cable approved by Volvo. Make sure the cable does not drag on the ground.

Detachable trailer hitch (accessory)

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Towing a trailer

4. Slide the locking bolt through the hitch

5.

assembly/ball holder. Insert the cotter pin in the hole at the end of the locking bolt.

Ball holder

Locking bolt

Cotter pin

Hitch assembly

Safety wire attachment

Installing the ball holder 1.

If necessary, remove the cotter pin from the locking bolt and slide the locking bolt out of the hitch assembly.

2. Slide the ball holder into the hitch assem-

bly.

3. Align the hole in the ball holder with the one

in the hitch assembly.

Removing the ball holder 1. Remove the cotter pin from the locking bolt

and slide the locking bolt out of the ball holder/hitch assembly.

2. Pull the ball holder out of the hitch assem-

bly.

NOTE

A cover for the hitch assembly is also included in the kit.

Trailer Stability Assist (TSA) Trailer Stability Assist is a system designed to help stabilize a vehicle that is towing a trailer when the vehicle and trailer have begun to sway and is part of the Dynamic Stability and Traction Control system (DSTC). See page 138 for information on DSTC.

Function A vehicle towing a trailer may begin to sway for various reasons. Normally this only occurs at high speeds but, for example, if the trailer is overloaded or if the load is unevenly distributed in the trailer, there is risk of swaying at speeds

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movement. If the system detects a tendency to sway, the brakes are applied individually on the front wheels, which has a stabilizing effect on the vehicle and trailer. This is often enough to enable the driver to regain control of the vehi- cle. If this is not adequate to stop the swaying motion, the brakes are applied to all of the wheels on the vehicle and on the trailer if it is equipped with brakes, and engine power is temporarily reduced. As the swaying motion begins to decrease and the vehicle-trailer have once again become stable, TSA will no stop regulating the brakes/engine power and the driver regains control of the vehicle.

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Towing a trailer

between approximately 45-55 mph (70-90 km/ h). Swaying may be caused by factors such as: • The vehicle and trailer are hit by a sudden,

strong crosswind

• The vehicle and trailer are traveling on an uneven road surface or drive over a bump • Sudden movements of the steering wheel Facts about TSA • TSA intervenes at speeds above approxi-

mately 40 mph (60 km/h)

• The DSTC symbol (

) in the instru-

ment panel will flash when TSA is working

• If the driver switches off the DSTC sys-

tem's Spin Control function, TSA will also be switched off (but will be on again the next time the engine is started)

• TSA may not intervene when the vehicle and trailer begin to sway if the driver tries to compensate for the swaying motion by moving the steering wheel rapidly

How TSA works Once swaying has begun, it can be very diffi- cult to stop, which makes it difficult to control the vehicle and trailer. The TSA system continuously monitors the vehicle's movements, particularly lateral

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Towing eyelet

Location of the towing eyelet

Removing the front/rear covers

Attaching the towing eyelet

The towing eyelet is located under the floor of the trunk. This eyelet must be screwed into the positions provided on the right sides of either the front or rear bumper (see illustration).

There are two different types of covers over the openings for the towing eyelet and they have to be opened differently. • If the cover has a notch, insert a coin, etc., into the notch and pry open the edge of the cover. Open the cover com- pletely and remove it.

• If the cover has a mark along one edge or in a corner, press the mark while pry- ing out the opposite side/corner using a coin, etc. Open the cover and remove it. Screw the towing eyelet in place, first by hand and then using the tire iron until it is securely in place. After the vehicle has been towed, the eyelet should be removed and returned to its storage location. Press the cover for the attachment point back into position.

NOTE

On certain models equipped with a trailer hitch, the towing eyelet cannot be screwed into the hole in the rear bumper. The towing rope should be attached to the trailer hitch instead. For this reason, the detachable section of the trailer hitch should be safely stowed in the vehicle at all times.

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Emergency towing

CAUTION

If the vehicle is being towed on a flat bed truck, the towing eyelets must not be used to pull the vehicle up onto the flat bed.

WARNING

• Remember that the power brakes and power steering will not function when engine is not running. The braking and steering systems will function but con- siderably higher pressure will be required on the brake pedal and greater steering effort must be exerted.

• The towing eyelets must not be used for pulling the vehicle out of a ditch or for any similar purpose involving severe strain. Do not use the towing eyelets to pull the vehicle up onto a flat bed tow truck.

Precautions when the vehicle is in tow • Attach jumper cables (see page 109) to provide current for releasing the optional electric parking brake and to move the gear selector from the P position.

• The gear selector must be in position N. • Maximum speed: 50 mph (80 km/h). Do not

exceed the maximum allowable towing speed.

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Emergency towing

• Maximum distance with front wheels on

ground: 50 miles (80 km).

• While the vehicle is being towed, try to

keep the tow rope taut at all times.

• The vehicle should only be towed in the

forward direction.

WARNING

The ignition key should always be fully inserted in the ignition slot when the vehicle is being towed to help prevent the steering wheel from locking. On vehicles with the optional keyless drive, the remote key must be in the passenger compartment and the driver's door must be closed.

NOTE

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During towing, ignition mode II should be used so that the lighting can be switched on.

CAUTION

Vehicles with AWD (All Wheel Drive) with the front wheels off the ground should not be towed at speeds above 50 mph (70 km/h) or for distances longer than 30 miles (50 km).

254

CAUTION

• Please check with state and local

authorities before attempting this type of towing, as vehicles being towed are subject to regulations regarding maxi- mum towing speed, length and type of towing device, lighting, etc.

• If the vehicle's battery is dead, do not attempt to start the vehicle by pushing or pulling it as this will damage the three-way catalytic converter(s). The engine must be jump started using an auxiliary battery (see page 109).

• If the vehicle is being towed on a flat bed

truck, the towing eyelets must not be used to pull the vehicle up onto the flat bed or to secure the vehicle on the flat bed. Consult the tow truck operator.

please refer to the towing information on page 253.

CAUTION

• Sling-type equipment applied at the

front will damage radiator and air con- ditioning lines.

• It is equally important not to use sling- type equipment at the rear or apply lift- ing equipment inside the rear wheels; serious damage to the rear axle may result.

• If the vehicle is being towed on a flat bed

truck, the towing eyelets must not be used to secure the vehicle on the flat bed. Consult the tow truck operator.

Towing vehicles with front wheel drive/ All Wheel Drive Volvo recommends the use of flat bed equip- ment. • If wheel lift equipment must be used,

please use extreme caution to help avoid damage to the vehicle. In this case, the vehicle should be towed with the rear wheels on the ground if at all possible. • If it is absolutely necessary to tow the vehi-

cle with the front wheels on the ground,

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General information .............................................................................. 258
Tire inflation........................................................................................... 261
Inflation pressure ................................................................................. 263
Tire designations .................................................................................. 264
Glossary of tire terminology ................................................................. 266
Vehicle loading ..................................................................................... 267
Uniform Tire Quality Grading ............................................................... 269
Snow chains, snow tires, studded tires ............................................... 270
Temporary Spare ................................................................................. 271
Tire Sealing System.............................................................................. 272
Changing a wheel ................................................................................ 278
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)............................................. 281

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WHEELS AND TIRES

07 Wheels and tires

General information

Introduction Your vehicle is equipped with tires according to the vehicle's tire information placard on the B-pillar (the structural member at the side of the vehicle, at the rear of the driver's door opening).

CAUTION

Some Volvo models are equipped with an Ultra High Performance tire and wheel com- bination designed to provide maximum dry pavement performance with consideration for hydroplaning resistance. They may be more susceptible to road hazard damage and, depending on driving conditions, may achieve a tread life of less than 20,000 miles (30,000 km). Even if this vehicle is equipped with Volvo’s advanced AWD or DSTC sys- tem, these tires are not designed for winter driving, and should be replaced with winter tires when weather conditions dictate.

The tires have good road holding characteris- tics and offer good handling on dry and wet surfaces. It should be noted however that the tires have been developed to give these fea- tures on snow/ice-free surfaces. Most models are equipped with "all-season" tires, which provide a somewhat higher degree of road holding on slippery surfaces than tires

1 Option or accessory on some models

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without the "all-season" rating. However, for optimum road holding on icy or snow-covered roads, we recommend suitable winter tires on all four wheels. When replacing tires, be sure that the new tires are the same size designation, type (radial) and preferably from the same manufacturer, on all four wheels. Otherwise there is a risk of altering the car's roadholding and handling characte- ristics.

New Tires

Tire age Tires degrade over time, even when they are not being used. It is recommended that tires generally be replaced after 6 years of normal service. Heat caused by hot climates, frequent high loading conditions or Ultra Violet (U.V.) exposure can accelerate the aging process. The temporary spare1 should also be replaced at 6-year intervals, even if it has never been used. A tire's age can be determined by the DOT stamp on the sidewall (see the illustration). A tire with e.g., visible cracks or discoloration should be replaced immediately.

Improving tire economy • Maintain correct tire pressure. See the tire

inflation tables beginning on page 263. • Drive smoothly: avoid fast starts, hard

braking and tire screeching.

Remember that tires are perishable goods. As of 2000, the manufacturing week and year (Department of Transportation (DOT) stamp) will be indicated with 4 digits (e.g., 1510 means that the tire illustrated was manufactured dur- ing week 15 of 2010).

• Tire wear increases with speed. • Correct front wheel alignment is very

important.

• Unbalanced wheels impair tire economy

and driving comfort.

• Tires must maintain the same direction of

rotation throughout their lifetime.

• Incorrectly mounted tires impair the car's

braking properties and ability to force aside rain, snow and slush.

• The tires with the most tread should always

be at the rear (to reduce the risk of skid- ding).

• Contact a Volvo workshop if you are

unsure about the tread depth.

Storing wheels and tires When storing complete wheels (tires mounted on rims), they should be suspended off the floor or placed on their sides on the floor. Tires not mounted on rims should be stored on their sides or standing upright, but should not be suspended.

CAUTION

Tires should preferably be stored in a cool, dry, dark place, and should never be stored in close proximity to solvents, gasoline, oils, etc.

• When replacing tires, the tires with the

most tread should be mounted on the rear wheels to reduce the chance of oversteer during hard braking.

• Hitting curbs or potholes can damage the

tires and/or wheels permanently.

Summer and winter tires

The arrows shows the direction of rotation of the tire • When switching between summer and winter tires, mark the tires to indicate where they were mounted on the car, e.g., LF = left front, RR = right rear

• Tires with tread designed to roll in only one direction are marked with an arrow on the sidewall.

07 Wheels and tires

General information

WARNING

• The wheel and tire sizes for your Volvo are specified to meet stringent stability and handling requirements. Unap- proved wheel/tire size combinations can negatively affect your vehicle's sta- bility and handling.

• Any damage caused by installation of unapproved wheel/tire size combina- tions will not be covered by your new vehicle warranty. Volvo assumes no responsibility for death, injury, or expenses that may result from such installations.

Tire wear

Tire rotation Tire wear is affected by a number of factors such as tire inflation, ambient temperature, driving style, etc. Your vehicle is driven mainly by the front tires, which will wear faster. If the tires are rotated, they should only be moved from front to back or vice versa. They should never be rotated left to right/right to left. However, tire rotation, done at the recom- mended intervals, is one way of helping to keep tread wear as even as possible and will help you get maximum mileage from your tires.

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The tires have wear indicator strips running across or parallel to the tread. The letters TWI are printed on the side of the tire. When approximately 1/16" (1.6 mm) is left on the tread, these strips become visible and indicate that the tire should be replaced. Tires with less than 1/16" (1.6 mm) tread offer very poor trac- tion. When replacing worn tires, it is recommended that the tire be identical in type (radial) and size as the one being replaced. Using a tire of the same make (manufacturer) will prevent altera- tion of the driving characteristics of the vehicle.

07 Wheels and tires

General information

Ideally, tire rotation should be done the first time after approximately 3,000 miles (5, 000 km) and thereafter at 6,000 mile (10,000 km) intervals. Tire rotation should only be performed if front/ rear tire wear is fairly even and tread height is above 1/16" (1.6 mm).

NOTE

Tire rotation is not included in regularly scheduled maintenance and is performed only at customer request, at additional charge.

Your Volvo retailer can also provide guidance based on your particular driving circumstan- ces.

Tread wear indicator

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07 Wheels and tires

Tire inflation

NOTE

• The placards shown indicate inflation pressure for the tires installed on the vehicle at the factory only.

• A certain amount of air seepage from the tires occurs naturally and tire pres- sure fluctuates with seasonal changes in temperature. Always check tire pres- sure regularly.

WARNING

• Under-inflation is the most common cause of tire failure and may result in severe tire cracking, tread separation, or "blow-out," with unexpected loss of vehicle control and increased risk of injury.

• Under-inflated tires reduce the load car-

rying capacity of your vehicle.

• Use a tire gauge to check the tire inflation

pressure, including the spare1, at least once a month and before long trips. You are strongly urged to buy a reliable tire pressure gauge, as automatic service sta- tion gauges may be inaccurate.

• Use the recommended cold inflation pres-

sure for optimum tire performance and wear.

• Under-inflation or over-inflation may cause

uneven treadwear patterns.

NOTE

A certain amount of air seepage from the tires occurs naturally and tire pressure fluc- tuates with seasonal changes in tempera- ture. Always check tire pressure regularly.

When weather temperature changes occur, tire inflation pressures also change. A 10-degree temperature drop causes a corresponding drop of 1 psi (7 kPa) in inflation pressure. Check your tire pressures frequently and adjust them to the proper pressure, which can be found on the vehicle's tire information placard or certifi- cation label.

Checking tire pressure Cold tires Inflation pressure should be checked when the tires are cold. The tires are considered to be cold when they have the same temperature as the sur- rounding (ambient) air. This temperature is normally reached after the vehicle has been parked for at least 3 hours.

Inflation placard

Tire inflation placard

Tire inflation Check tire inflation pressure regularly. See the tire inflation tables beginning on page 263. A tire inflation pressure placard is also located on the driver's side B-pillar (the struc- tural member at the side of the vehicle, at the rear of the driver's door opening). This placard indicates the designation of the factory-moun- ted tires on your vehicle, as well as load limits and inflation pressure.

1 Available as an accessory

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07 Wheels and tires

Tire inflation

After driving a distance of approximately 1 mile (1.6 km), the tires are considered to be hot. If you have to drive farther than this dis- tance to pump your tire(s), check and record the tire pressure first and add the appropriate air pressure when you get to the pump. If checking tire pressure when the tire is hot, never "bleed" or reduce air pressure. The tires are hot from driving and it is normal for pres- sures to increase above recommended cold pressures. A hot tire at or below recommended cold inflation pressure could be significantly under-inflated. To check inflation pressure: 1. Remove the cap from the valve on one tire,

then firmly press the tire gauge onto the valve.

2. Add air to reach the recommended air

pressure.

3. Replace the valve cap. 4. Repeat this procedure for each tire, includ-

ing the spare2.

5. Visually inspect the tires to make sure there

are no nails or other objects embedded that could puncture the tire and cause an air leak.

2 Available as an accessory

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262

6. Check the sidewalls to make sure there are no gouges, cuts, bulges or other irregular- ities.

Load ratings See page 264 for an explanation of the load rating on the sidewall of the tire.

NOTE

• If you overfill the tire, release air by

pushing on the metal stem in the center of the valve. Then recheck the pressure with your tire gauge.

Tire ratings

Speed ratings The speed ratings in the table translate as fol- low:

Speed ratings

81 mph (130 km/h)

100 mph (160 km/h)

118 mph (190 km/h)

130 mph (210 km/h)

149 mph (240 km/h)

168 mph (270 km/h)

186 mph (300 km/h)

07 Wheels and tires

Inflation pressure

Tire inflation pressure table The following tire pressures are recommended by Volvo for your vehicle. Refer to the tire inflation placard (see page 261 for its location) for information specific to the tires installed on your vehicle at the factory. Tire size

Cold tire pressure for up to 5 persons

Front psi/kPa

36/250

38/260

61/420

235/45 R17 97V M+S

235/40 R18 95V M+S

Temporary spare tireA

A Available as an accessory

Rear psi/kPa

36/250

38/260

61/420

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263

07 Wheels and tires

Tire designations

Information on the sidewall

10

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12

Federal law mandates that tire manufacturers place standardized information on the sidewall of all tires (see the illustration). The following information is listed on the tire sidewall: The tire designation:

NOTE

07

Please be aware that the following tire des- ignation is an example only and that this particular tire may not be available on your vehicle.

264

1. 215: the width of the tire (in millimeters)

from sidewall edge to sidewall edge. The larger the number, the wider the tire.

2. 65: The ratio of the tire's height to its width

in percent.

3. R: Radial tire. 4. 15: The diameter of the wheel rim (in

inches).

5. 95: The tire's load index. In this example, a load index of 95 equals a maximum load of 1521 lbs (690 kg).

6. H: The tire's speed rating, or the maximum

speed at which the tire is designed to be driven for extended periods of time, carry- ing a permissible load for the vehicle, and with correct inflation pressure. For exam- ple, H indicates a speed rating of 130 mph (210 km/h).

NOTE

The tire's load index and speed rating may not appear on the sidewall because they are not required by law.

7. M+S or M/S = Mud and Snow, AT = All

Terrain, AS = All Season

8. U.S. DOT Tire Identification Number

(TIN): This begins with the letters "DOT" and indicates that the tire meets all federal standards. The next two numbers or letters are the plant code where it was manufac- tured, the next two are the tire size code and the last four numbers represent the week and year the tire was built. For exam- ple, 1510 means that the tire was manu- factured during week 15 of 2010. The num- bers in between are marketing codes used at the manufacturer's discretion. This infor- mation helps a tire manufacturer identify a tire for safety recall purposes.

9. Tire Ply Composition and Material

Used: Indicates the number of plies indi- cates or the number of layers of rubber- coated fabric in the tire tread and sidewall. Tire manufacturers also must indicate the ply materials in the tire and the sidewall, which include steel, nylon, polyester, and others.

10. Maximum Load: Indicates the maximum load in pounds and kilograms that can be carried by the tire. Refer to the vehicle's tire information placard located on the B-Pillar for the correct tire pressure for your vehi- cle.

07 Wheels and tires

Tire designations

11. Treadwear, Traction, and Temperature grades: see page 269 for more informa- tion.

12. Maximum permissible inflation

pressure: the greatest amount of air pres- sure that should ever be put in the tire. This limit is set by the tire manufacturer.

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B-pillar and in the tire inflation table in this chapter.

• Cold tires: The tires are considered to be cold when they have the same temperature as the surrounding (ambient) air. This tem- perature is normally reached after the vehi- cle has been parked for at least 3 hours.

07 Wheels and tires

Glossary of tire terminology

Terms The tire suppliers may have additional mark- ings, notes or warnings such as standard load, radial tubeless, etc. • Tire information placard: A placard

showing the OE (Original Equipment) tire sizes, recommended inflation pressure, and the maximum weight the vehicle can carry.

• Tire Identification Number (TIN): A num- ber on the sidewall of each tire providing information about the tire brand and man- ufacturing plant, tire size and date of man- ufacturer.

• Inflation pressure: A measure of the

amount of air in a tire.

• Standard load: A class of P-metric or Met- ric tires designed to carry a maximum load at 35 psi [37 psi (2.5 bar) for Metric tires]. Increasing the inflation pressure beyond this pressure will not increase the tires load carrying capability.

• Extra load: A class of P-metric or Metric tires designed to carry a heavier maximum load at 41 psi [43 psi (2.9 bar) for Metric tires]. Increasing the inflation pressure beyond this pressure will not increase the tire's load carrying capability.

• kPa: Kilopascal, a metric unit of air pres-

sure.

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• PSI: Pounds per square inch, a standard

unit of air pressure.

• B-pillar: The structural member at the side

of the vehicle behind the front door.

• Bead area of the tire: Area of the tire next

to the rim.

• Sidewall of the tire: Area between the

bead area and the tread.

• Tread area of the tire: Area of the perim- eter of the tire that contacts the road when mounted on the vehicle.

• Rim: The metal support (wheel) for a tire or a tire and tube assembly upon which the tire beads are seated.

• Maximum load rating: a figure indicating

the maximum load in pounds and kilo- grams that can be carried by the tire. This rating is established by the tire manufac- turer.

• Maximum permissible inflation

pressure: the greatest amount of air pres- sure that should ever be put in the tire. This limit is set by the tire manufacturer.

• Recommended tire inflation pressure: inflation pressure, established by Volvo, which is based on the type of tires that are mounted on a vehicle at the factory. This information can be found on the tire infla- tion placard(s) located on the driver's side

07 Wheels and tires

Vehicle loading

2. Determine the combined weight of the

driver and passengers that will be riding in your vehicle.

3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver

and passengers from XXX kilograms or XXX pounds.

4. The resulting figure equals the available

amount of cargo and luggage load capacity. For example, if the "XXX" amount equals 1400 lbs. and there will be five 150 lb. passengers in your vehicle, the amount of available cargo and luggage load capacity is 650 lbs. (1400 – 750
(5 × 150) = 650 lbs.)

5. Determine the combined weight of luggage

and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4. If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle. Consult this manual1 to determine how this reduces the available cargo and luggage load capacity of your vehicle.

Permissible axle weight The maximum allowable weight that can be carried by a single axle (front or rear). These numbers are shown on the Federal/Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS/ CMVSS) label. The total load on each axle must never exceed its maximum permissible weight.

Gross vehicle weight (GVW) The vehicle's curb weight + cargo + passen- gers.

NOTE

• The location of the various labels in your

vehicle can be found on page 320.

• A table listing important weight limits for

your vehicle can be found on page 323.

Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit 1. Locate the statement "the combined

weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX pounds" on your vehi- cle's placard.

6.

Loads Properly loading your vehicle will provide maxi- mum return of vehicle design performance. Before loading your vehicle, familiarize yourself with the following terms for determining your vehicle's weight ratings, with or without a trailer, from the vehicle's Federal/Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS/ CMVSS) label, and the vehicle's tire informa- tion placard:

Curb weight The weight of the vehicle including a full tank of fuel and all standard equipment. It does not include passengers, cargo, or optional equip- ment.

Capacity weight All weight added to the curb weight, including cargo and optional equipment. When towing, trailer hitch tongue load is also part of cargo weight.

NOTE

For trailer towing information, please refer to the section "Towing a trailer" on page 250.

1 250.

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07 Wheels and tires

Vehicle loading

WARNING

• Exceeding the permissible axle weight,

gross vehicle weight, or any other weight rating limits can cause tire over- heating resulting in permanent defor- mation or catastrophic failure.

• Do not use replacement tires with lower load carrying capacities than the tires that were original equipment on the vehicle because this will lower the vehi- cle's GVW rating. Use only tires with the correct load carrying capacity. Consult your Volvo retailer for information.

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Quality grading information ALL PASSENGER VEHICLE TIRES MUST CONFORM TO FEDERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS IN ADDITION TO THESE GRADES Quality grades can be found, where appli- cable, on the tire sidewall between the tread shoulder and maximum section width. For example: Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A

TREADWEAR The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a specified gov- ernment test course. For example, a tire gra- ded 150 would wear one and one half (1 1/2) times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual conditions of their use, however, and many depart signifi- cantly from the norm due to variation in driving habits, maintenance practices and differences in road characteristics and climate.

TRACTION The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are AA, A, B, and C, as measured under controlled conditions on specified government test sur- faces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C

may have poor traction performance. The trac- tion grade assigned to this tire is based on braking (straight-ahead) traction tests and is not a measure of cornering (turning) traction.

WARNING

The traction grade assigned to this tire is based on braking (straight-ahead) traction tests and is not a measure of cornering (turning) traction.

TEMPERATURE The temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing the tire's resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a specified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and excessive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure. The grade C corresponds to a minimum level of performance that all pas- senger vehicle tires must meet under the Fed- eral Motor Safety Standard No. 109. Grades B and A represent higher levels of performance on the laboratory test wheel than the minimum required by law.

07 Wheels and tires

Uniform Tire Quality Grading

WARNING

The temperature grade for this tire is estab- lished for a tire that is properly inflated and not overloaded. Excessive speed, under- inflation, or excessive loading, either sepa- rately or in combination, can cause heat buildup and tire failure.

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07 Wheels and tires

Snow chains, snow tires, studded tires

Winter driving conditions

CAUTION

Snow chains Snow chains can be used on your Volvo with the following restrictions: • Snow chains should be installed on front

wheels only. Use only Volvo approved snow chains.

• If accessory, aftermarket or "custom" tires and wheels are installed and are of a size different than the original tires and wheels, chains in some cases CANNOT be used. Sufficient clearances between chains and brakes, suspension and body components must be maintained.

• Some strap-on type chains will interfere

with brake components and therefore CANNOT be used.

• All Wheel Drive models: Snow chains

should only be installed on the front wheels.

• Certain size tires may not allow the assem-

bly of snow chains/traction devices.

Consult your Volvo retailer for additional snow chain information.

1 Where permitted

• Check local regulations regarding the use of snow chains before installing. • Use single-sided snow chains only. • Always follow the chain manufacturer's installation instructions carefully. Install chains as tightly as possible and retighten periodically.

• Never exceed the chain manufacturer's specified maximum speed limit. (Under no circumstances should you exceed 31 mph (50 km/h).

• Avoid bumps, holes or sharp turns

when driving with snow chains.

• The handling of the vehicle can be

adversely affected when driving with chains. Avoid fast or sharp turns as well as locked wheel braking.

Snow tires, studded tires1
Tires for winter use: • Owners who live in or regularly commute through areas with sustained periods of snow or icy driving conditions are strongly advised to fit suitable winter tires to help retain the highest degree of traction.

• It is important to install winter tires on all four wheels to help retain traction during

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270

cornering, braking, and accelerating. Fail- ure to do so could reduce traction to an unsafe level or adversely affect handling. • Do not mix tires of different design as this could also negatively affect overall tire road grip.

• Winter tires wear more quickly on dry roads in warm weather. They should be removed when the winter driving season has ended.

• Studded tires should be run-in

300 – 600 miles (500 – 1000 km) during which the vehicle should be driven as smoothly as possible to give the studs the opportunity to seat properly in the tires. The tires should have the same rotational direction throughout their entire lifetime.

NOTE

Please consult state or provincial regula- tions restricting the use of studded winter tires before installing such tires.

07 Wheels and tires

Temporary Spare

Spare tire A spare tire can be purchased for your vehicle as an accessory. Follow the instructions included with the spare tire regarding use and stowing in the vehicle. See also page 278 for additional information.

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Accessing the tire sealing system The tire sealing system is stowed under the floor of the trunk. To access it: 1. Lift the floor hatch in the cargo area. 2. Lift out the tire sealing system.

NOTE

• The tire sealing system is only intended to seal holes on the tire’s tread area, not the sidewall.

• Tires with large holes or tears cannot be

repaired with the tire sealing system. • After use, stow the tire sealing system

properly to help prevent rattling.

WARNING

• After using the tire sealing system, the vehicle should not be driven farther than approximately 120 miles (200 km).

• Have the tire inspected by a trained and

qualified Volvo service technician as soon as possible to determine if it can be permanently repaired or must be replaced.

• The vehicle should not be driven faster than 50 mph (80 km/h) while using a tire that has been temporarily repaired with the tire sealing system.

• After using the tire sealing system, drive

carefully and avoid abrupt steering maneuvers and sudden stops.

07 Wheels and tires

Tire Sealing System

Location

Introduction The vehicle is equipped with a tire sealing sys- tem that enables you to temporarily seal a hole in the tread surface and re-inflate a flat tire, or to adjust a tire’s inflation pressure. The system consists of an air compressor, a container for the sealing compound, wiring to connect the system to the vehicle’s electrical system via one of the 12-volt sockets, and a hose used to connect the system to the tire’s inflation valve. The 12-volt sockets are located in the front tunnel console and on the rear side of the cen- ter console in the rear seat, see page 188.

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Tire sealing system–overview

WARNING

Please keep the following points in mind when using the tire sealing system: • The sealing compound bottle (no. 8 in

the illustration) contains 1.2-Ethanol and natural rubber-latex. These sub- stances are harmful if swallowed.

• The contents of this bottle may cause allergic skin reactions or otherwise be potentially harmful to the skin, the cen- tral nervous system, and the eyes.

Precautions: • Keep out of reach of children. • Do not ingest the contents. • Avoid prolonged or repeated contact

with the skin.

• Hands should be washed thoroughly

after handling.

First aid: • Skin: Wash affected areas of skin with soap and water. Get medical attention if symptoms occur.

• Eyes: Flush with plenty of water for least

15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical attention if symptoms occur.

Speed limit sticker

On/Off switch

Electrical wire

Bottle holder (orange cover)

Protective hose cover

Air release knob

Hose

Bottle with sealing compound

Air pressure gauge

07 Wheels and tires

Tire Sealing System

• Inhalation: Move the person to fresh air. If irritation persists, get medical atten- tion.

Tire sealing system–temporarily repairing a flat tire

07

Temporarily repairing a flat tire is done in two stages:

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07 Wheels and tires

Tire Sealing System

• Stage 1: The hole is sealed by pumping sealing compound into the tire. The car is then driven a short distance to distribute the sealing compound in the tire.

NOTE

Do not remove any foreign objects (nails, etc.) from the tire before using the sealing system.

• Stage 2: The tire’s inflation pressure is

checked and adjusted if necessary.

WARNING

• Never leave the tire sealing system

unattended when it is operating.

• Keep the tire sealing system away from

children.

• Be sure the vehicle is parked safely off the road and away from moving traffic.

• Apply the parking brake.

07

Stage 1: Sealing the hole 1. Open the cover on the tire sealing kit. 2. Peel off the speed limit sticker and affix it to the steering wheel hub where it will be clearly visible to the driver.

274

6. Remove the valve cap from the tire’s infla-

tion valve and screw the tire sealing sys- tem’s hose connector onto the valve as tightly as possible by hand.

7. Connect the electrical wire to the nearest

12-volt socket in the vehicle.

8. Start the vehicle’s engine.

WARNING

The vehicle´s engine should be running when the tire sealing system is used to avoid battery drain. Therefore, be sure the vehicle is parked in a well ventilated place, or out- doors, before using the system.

9. Start the tire sealing system’s compressor by pressing the on/off switch to position I.

3. Ensure that the on/off switch is in posi-

tion 0 (the 0 side of the switch should be pressed down).

WARNING

Contact with the sealing compound may cause skin irritation. If contact occurs, wash the affected area immediately with soap and water.

4. Unscrew the orange cover over the bottle holder and unscrew the cap on the bottle of sealing compound.

NOTE

Do not break the seal on the bottle. This occurs automatically when the bottle is screwed into the holder.

5. Screw the bottle into the bottle holder.

WARNING

The bottle is equipped with a catch to keep it securely in place and help prevent sealing compound leakage. Once in place, the bot- tle cannot be unscrewed. This must be done by a trained and qualified Volvo service technician.

07 Wheels and tires

Tire Sealing System

WARNING

CAUTION

CAUTION

• Never stand next to the tire being inflated

when the compressor is in operation.

• If cracks, bubbles, etc. form on the tire, switch off the compressor immediately. • If there is visible damage to the sidewall

or the rim, the tire cannot be repaired. The vehicle should not be driven if this occurs. Contact a towing service or Volvo On Call Roadside Assistance if applicable.

NOTE

The air pressure gauge will temporarily show an increase in pressure to approxi- mately 88 psi (6 bar) while the sealing com- pound is being pumped into the tire. The pressure should return to a normal level after approximately 30 seconds.

10. Within seven minutes, inflate the tire to

between 22—44 psi (1.8—3.0 bar). Switch off the compressor briefly to get a clear reading from the pressure gauge.

The compressor should not be used for more than 10 minutes at a time to avoid overheating.

WARNING

If the pressure remains below 22 psi (1.8 bar) after approximately seven minutes, turn off the compressor. In this case, the hole is too large to be sealed and the vehicle should not be driven.

11. Switch off the compressor and disconnect the electrical wire from the 12-volt socket. 12. Unscrew the hose from the tire’s inflation

valve and reinstall the valve cap.

13. Immediately drive the vehicle for approxi- mately 2 miles (3 km) at a maximum speed of 50 mph (80 km/h) to distribute the seal- ing compound in the tire.

If your vehicle is equipped with the Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS), the use of the sealing compound may lead to incorrect tire pressure readings or in rare cases, damage to the tire pressure sensor. Use the tire sealing system to check and adjust the damaged tire's inflation pressure.

NOTE

• Safely stow the tire sealing system in a convenient place as it will soon be used again to check the tire’s inflation pres- sure.

• The empty bottle of sealing compound

cannot be removed from the bottle holder. Consult a trained and qualified Volvo service technician to have the bottle removed and properly disposed of.

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07 Wheels and tires

Tire Sealing System

WARNING

If heavy vibrations, unsteady steering behavior, or noises should occur while driv- ing, reduce speed and park the vehicle in a safe place. Recheck the tire for bumps, cracks, or other visible damage, and recheck its inflation pressure. If the pressure is below 19 psi (1.3 bar), do not continue driving. Have the vehicle towed to a trained and qualified Volvo service technician.

Stage 2: Checking inflation pressure 1. Connect the tire sealing system as descri-

bed in stage 1.

2. Refer to the inflation pressure tables for the correct inflation pressure. If the tire needs to be inflated, start the tire sealing system’s compressor. If necessary, release air from the tire by turning the air release knob counterclockwise.

CAUTION

07

The compressor should not be used for more than 10 minutes at a time to avoid overheating.

WARNING

If you interrupt your trip for more than 1
hour, check the inflation pressure in the damaged tire again before continuing.

276

Replacing the sealing compound container The sealing compound container must be replaced if: • the tire sealing system has been used to

repair a tire

• the container’s expiration date has passed

(see the date on decal).

NOTE

• After use, the sealing compound bottle,

the hose, and certain other system components must be replaced. Please consult your Volvo retailer for replace- ment parts.

• If the sealing compound bottle’s expi- ration date has passed, please take it to a Volvo retailer or a recycling station that can properly dispose of harmful substances.

Inflating tires The tire sealing system can be used to inflate the tires. To do so: 1. Park the car in a safe place. 2. The compressor should be switched off.

Ensure that the on/off switch is in position 0 (the 0 side of the switch should be pressed down).

3. Take out the electrical wire and hose. 4. Remove the valve cap from the tire’s infla-

tion valve and screw the hose connector onto the valve as tightly as possible by hand.

5. Connect the electrical wire to the nearest

12-volt socket in the vehicle.

6. Start the vehicle’s engine.

WARNING

• The vehicle’s engine should be running when the tire sealing system is used to avoid battery drain. Therefore, be sure the vehicle is parked in a well ventilated place, or outdoors, before using the sys- tem.

• Children should never be left unattended in the vehicle when the engine is running.

7. Check the tire’s inflation pressure on the

gauge. Switch off the compressor briefly to get a clear reading from the pressure gauge.

8. Refer to the tire inflation tables for the cor- rect inflation pressure. If the tire needs to be inflated, start the tire sealing system’s compressor (press the on/off switch to position I). If necessary, release air from the tire by turning the air release knob coun- terclockwise.

CAUTION

The compressor should not be used for more than 10 minutes at a time to avoid overheating.

9. Turn off the compressor (press the on/off switch to position 0) when the correct infla- tion pressure has been reached.

10. Unscrew the hose from the tire’s inflation

valve and reinstall the valve cap.

11. Disconnect the electrical wire from the

12-volt socket.

07 Wheels and tires

Tire Sealing System

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07 Wheels and tires

Changing a wheel

Removing a wheel

the use of the spare wheel. The correct tire pressure for the spare wheel is stated in the tire pressure tables beginning on page 263.

WARNING

Current legislation prohibits the use of the “Temporary Spare” tire other than as a tem- porary replacement for a punctured tire. It must be replaced as soon as possible by a standard tire. Road holding and handling may be affected with the “Temporary Spare” in use.

Location of jack and tools

CAUTION