Black plate (412,1)
& Back-up light (5-door)
6. Put the rear combination light assem- bly into place while aligning the clip with the guide on the vehicle.
1. Apply a flat-head screwdriver to the light cover as shown in the illustration, and pry the light cover off from the rear gate trim.
7. Tighten the upper and lower screws.
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
2. Turn the bulb socket counterclockwise and remove it.
& License plate light
Black plate (413,1)
Maintenance and service 11-53
and pull out the socket. 3. Pull the bulb out of the socket. 4. 5. Reinstall the license plate light cover.
Install a new bulb.
& Map light ! Type A
3. Pull the bulb out of the bulb socket and replace it with a new one. 4. Install clockwise. 5.
Install the light cover on the rear gate.
the bulb socket by turning it
1. Insert a finger into the right side of the license plate light cover, then press once to the left and pull out to remove the cover.
1. Remove the lens by prying the edge of the lens with a flat-head screwdriver.
11
2. Turn the bulb socket counterclockwise
– CONTINUED –
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (414,1)
11-54 Maintenance and service
! Type B
& Dome light and cargo area
light
2. Turn the bulb until the flat surfaces at its ends are aligned vertically. Pull the bulb straight downward to remove it. 3. Install a new bulb. 4. Reinstall the lens.
1. Remove the lens by prying the edge of the lens with a flat-head screwdriver. 2. Pull the bulb out of the socket. 3. Install a new bulb. 4. Reinstall the lens.
Dome light
Cargo area light
1. Remove the lens by prying the edge of
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (415,1)
Maintenance and service 11-55
the lens with a flat-head screwdriver. 2. Pull the bulb out of the socket. 3. Install a new bulb. 4. Reinstall the lens.
& Trunk light
& High mount stop light (4- door) (except LED [Light Emitting Diode] type)
1. Remove the cover by squeezing its sides and pulling it. 2. Pull the bulb out of the socket. 3. Install a new bulb. 4. Reinstall the cover.
1. Remove the high mount stop light cover by prying the edge with a screw- driver. 2. Remove the bulb socket from the high mount stop light assembly by turning it counterclockwise. 3. Pull the bulb out of the socket. Install a new bulb. 4. 5. Reinstall the cover.
& Other bulbs It may be difficult to replace the bulbs. Have the bulbs replaced by your SUBARU dealer if necessary.
11
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (2,1)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Left Page
Model "ALL_MODEL_MEMO" EDITED: 2007/ 6/ 22
Black plate (23,1)
Specifications
Specifications ..................................................... 12-2
Dimensions........................................................ 12-2
Engine ............................................................... 12-3
Electrical system................................................ 12-3
Fuel ................................................................... 12-4
Engine oil .......................................................... 12-5
Manual transmission, front differential and rear
differential gear oil ........................................... 12-8
Fluids ................................................................ 12-9
12-10
Engine coolant .................................................
Tires................................................................ Wheel alignment .............................................. Fuses and circuits ...........................................
Fuse panel located in the passenger
compartment .................................................
Fuse panel located in the engine
compartment ................................................. Bulb chart......................................................... Vehicle identification .......................................
12-11
12-11
12-12
12-12
12-14
12-16
12-19
12
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (418,1)
12-2 Specifications
Specifications
These specifications are subject to change without notice. & Dimensions
Item
Non-turbo
models
4-door
5-door
Turbo models
Non-turbo models
Turbo models
Except STI
STI
180.3 (4,580)
Except
OUTBACK
OUTBACK
Except STI
STI
173.8 (4,415)
in (mm)
Overall length
Overall width
Overall height
Wheel base Tread
68.5 (1,740)
70.7 (1,795)
68.5 (1,740)
70.7 (1,795)
58.1 (1,475)
57.9 (1,470)
58.1 (1,475)
58.3 (1,480)
58.1 (1,475)
57.9 (1,470)
Front
Rear
103.1 (2,620)
58.9 (1,495)
58.9 (1,495)*2
59.1 (1,500)*3
103.3 (2,625)
60.2 (1,530)
60.6 (1,540)
103.1 (2,620)
58.9 (1,495)
58.9 (1,495)*2
59.1 (1,500)*3
58.7 (1,490)
58.9 (1,495)
103.3 (2,625)
60.2 (1,530)
60.6 (1,540)
Ground clearance*1
6.1 (155)
5.9 (150)
6.1 (155)
6.3 (160)
6.1 (155)
5.9 (150)
*1: Measured with vehicle empty *2: Models with 16-inch wheel tires *3: Models with 17-inch wheel tires
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (419,1)
Specifications 12-3
& Engine
Engine model
Engine type
Displacement cc (cu-in) Bore 6 Stroke in (mm) Compression ratio
Firing order
& Electrical system
Battery type and capacity (5HR)
Alternator
Spark plugs
AT: Automatic transmission MT: Manual transmission
EJ253
(2.5 L, SOHC, non-turbo)
(2.5 L, DOHC, turbo, except STI)
EJ255
EJ257
(2.5 L, DOHC, turbo, STI)
Horizontally opposed, liquid cooled 4 cylinder, 4-stroke gasoline engine
10.0 : 1
2,457 (150)
3.9 6 3.1 (99.5 6 79.0)
8.4 : 1
1 – 3 – 2 – 4
8.2 : 1
MT
AT
Non-turbo models Turbo models
Non-turbo models Turbo models
12V-48AH (55D23L)
12V-52AH (65D23L)
12V-90A
12V-110A
FR5AP-11 (NGK) SILFR6A (NGK)
12
– CONTINUED –
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (420,1)
12-4 Specifications
& Fuel NOTE The engine is designed to operate using unleaded gasoline.
Model
Fuel requirement
Fuel tank capacities
Non-turbo
Turbo
Except STI
STI
87 AKI (90 RON) or higher
91 AKI (95 RON) or higher*1
93 AKI (98 RON) or higher*2
16.9 US gal (64 liters, 14.1 Imp gal)
*1: If unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of 91 AKI (95 RON) is not available, unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of 87 AKI (90 RON) or higher may be temporarily used. For details, refer to “Fuel” F7-3. *2: If unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of 93 AKI (98 RON) is not available, unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of 91 AKI (95 RON) may be used with no detriment to engine durability or driveability. For details, refer to “Fuel” F7-3.
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (421,1)
Specifications 12-5
& Engine oil For the checking, adding and replacing procedure or other details, refer to “Engine oil” F11-10.
NOTE The procedure for changing the engine oil and oil filter should be performed by a properly-trained expert. It is recommended that you have this service performed by your SUBARU dealer.
! Approved engine oil Always use the SUBARU approved engine oil. For further details, please contact your SUBARU dealer. If the approved engine oil is unavailable, use the alternative engine oil described on the next page.
12
– CONTINUED –
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (422,1)
12-6 Specifications
! Alternative engine oil If the SUBARU approved oil is unavailable, the following alternative oil can be used.
NOTE Each quantity indicated here is only a guideline. The necessary quantity for replacement may differ slightly depending on the temperature and other factors.
! Non-turbo models
Oil grade
or
Engine oil capacity
– Adding the oil from L to F level: 1.1 US qt (1.0 liter, 0.9 Imp qt) – Changing the oil and oil filter:
4.4 US qt (4.2 liters, 3.7 Imp qt)
SAE viscosity No. and applicable temperature
5W-30 synthetic oil is the recom- mended oil for optimum engine perfor- mance and protection. Conventional oil may be used if synthetic oil is unavail- able.
*: If 5W-30 synthetic oil is not available, 5W-30 or 5W-40 conventional oil may be used if replenishment is needed but should be changed to 5W-30 synthetic oil at the next oil change.
API classification SM or SN with the words “ENERGY CONSERVING” or “RESOURCE CONSERVING”
ILSAC GF-4 or GF-5, which can be identified with the ILSAC certification mark (Starburst mark)
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (423,1)
Specifications 12-7
Engine oil capacity
– Adding the oil from L to F level: 1.1 US qt (1.0 liter, 0.9 Imp qt) – Changing the oil and oil filter:
4.4 US qt (4.2 liters, 3.7 Imp qt)
! Turbo models
Oil grade
or
SAE viscosity No. and applicable temperature
5W-30 synthetic oil is required for optimum engine performance and pro- tection. Conventional oil may be used if synthetic oil is unavailable.
*: If 5W-30 synthetic oil is not available, 5W-30 or 5W-40 conventional oil may be used if replenishment is needed but should be changed to 5W-30 synthetic oil at the next oil change.
API classification SM or SN with the words “ENERGY CONSERVING” or “RESOURCE CONSERVING”
ILSAC GF-4 or GF-5, which can be identified with the ILSAC certification mark (Starburst mark)
12
– CONTINUED –
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (424,1)
12-8 Specifications
& Manual transmission, front differential and rear differential gear oil
Oil grade
SAE viscosity No. and applicable temperature
Applied part and model
Oil capacity
API classification GL-5
Manual transmission
5-speed
6-speed
3.7 US qt (3.5 liters, 3.1 Imp qt)
4.3 US qt (4.1 liters, 3.6 Imp qt)
Front differential (AT models)
1.3 US qt (1.2 liters, 1.1 Imp qt)
Rear differential
STI
1.1 US qt (1.0 liter, 0.9 Imp qt)
Others
0.8 US qt (0.8 liter, 0.7 Imp qt)
For the checking procedures or other details, refer to “Manual transmission oil” F11-21, “Front differential gear oil (AT models)” F11-23, “Rear differential gear oil” F11-24.
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (425,1)
Specifications 12-9
& Fluids NOTE Each quantity indicated here is only a guideline. The necessary quantity for replacement may differ slightly depending on the temperature and other factors.
Fluid
Fluid type
Fluid capacity
Automatic transmission fluid (AT models)
· SUBARU ATF · IDEMITSU ATF HP
Power steering fluid
Brake fluid
Clutch fluid (MT models)
· SUBARU ATF · “Dexron III” Type Automatic Transmission Fluid
· Genuine SUBARU brake fluid · FMVSS No. 116, fresh DOT 3 or DOT 4 brake fluid
9.8 US qt (9.3 liters, 8.2 Imp qt)
0.7 US qt (0.7 liter, 0.6 Imp qt)
–
–
For the checking procedures or other details, refer to “Automatic transmission fluid” F11-22, “Power steering fluid” F11-24, “Brake fluid” F11-25 or “Clutch fluid (MT models)” F11-26.
12
– CONTINUED –
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (426,1)
12-10 Specifications
& Engine coolant NOTE Each quantity indicated here is only a guideline. The necessary quantity for replacement may differ slightly depending on the temperature and other factors.
Model
Non-turbo models
Turbo models
MT models
AT models
Except STI
STI
Coolant capacity
7.2 US qt (6.8 liters, 6.0 Imp qt)
7.1 US qt (6.7 liters, 5.9 Imp qt)
7.8 US qt (7.4 liters, 6.5 Imp qt) 8.1 US qt (7.7 liters, 6.8 Imp qt)
For the checking, adding and replacing procedure, or other details, refer to “Cooling system” F11-13.
Coolant type
SUBARU Super Coolant
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (427,1)
Specifications 12-11
& Tires
Tire size
Wheel size Pressure
Temporary spare tire
Front
Rear
Size
Pressure
Wheel nut tightening torque
P205/55R16 89V
P205/50R17 88V
16 6 61/2 JJ
17 6 7 JJ
235/45R17
17 6 8 JJ
245/40R18
18 6 81/2 J
33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2) 32 psi (220 kPa, 2.2 kgf/cm2)
T125/70 D17
T135/70 D17
60 psi (420 kPa, 4.2 kgf/cm2) 72 lbf·ft (100 N·m, 10 kgf·m)*
*: This torque is equivalent to applying approximately 88 to 110 lbf (40 to 50 kgf) at the edge of the wheel nut wrench. If you have tightened the wheel nuts by yourself, have the tightening torque checked at the nearest automotive service facility as soon as possible.
& Wheel alignment
Item
4-door
5-door
Non-turbo
models
Turbo models
Non-turbo models
Turbo models
Except STI
STI
Except
OUTBACK
OUTBACK
Except STI
STI
Toe
Front
Rear Camber* Front Rear
0+0.12 in (0+3 mm)
Toe angle (sum of both wheels): 08+0815’
–0810’+0830’ –1805’+0845’
–0850’+0830’ –1835’+0845’
–0845’+0830’ –1830’+0845’
–0810’+0830’
–0805’+0830’
–1805’+0845’
–0805’+0830’ –1835’+0845’
–0845’+0830’ –1830’+0845’
12
*: The differential between right-hand camber and left-hand camber should be within 45’ or less.
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (428,1)
12-12 Specifications
Fuses and circuits & Fuse panel located in the passenger compartment
Fuse panel
10
11
12
13
14
Fuse rating Empty
Empty
15A 10A
10A
7.5A
15A
20A
15A
7.5A
7.5A
15A
20A
15A
15
Empty
Circuit
rear
view mirrors
Integrated unit
Front wiper deicer relay
. Door locking . Combination meter . Clock . Remote control . Seat heater relay . Combination meter . Stop light . Power supply (battery) . Automatic transmission . Engine control unit . Accessory power outlet
Front wiper deicer
Turn signal unit
Integrated unit
unit
(center console)
. Position light . Rear combination light
Tail light
(FWD connector AWD AT models)
for
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Fuse panel
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Fuse rating 10A
15A
10A
Empty
10A
7.5A
15A
15A
15A
15A
7.5A
15A
15A
15A
30A
7.5A
Black plate (429,1)
Specifications 12-13
Circuit
Illumination
. Seat heaters . Back-up light
Fuse panel
32
33
Fuse rating Empty
7.5A
Circuit
. ABS/Vehicle Dynamics
Control unit
. Accessory power outlet
(instrument panel)
. Starter relay . Air conditioner . Rear window defogger
relay coil
. Rear wiper . Rear window washer . Audio unit . SRS airbag system . Power window relay . Radiator main fan relay . Blower fan . Blower fan . Auto air conditioner unit
Front wiper
Integrated unit
Fog light
12
– CONTINUED –
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
12-14 Specifications
& Fuse panel located in the engine compartment
A) Main fuse
Fuse panel
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Black plate (430,1)
Fuse rating 30A
25A 10A
Circuit
. ABS unit . Vehicle Dynamics Con-
trol unit
. Main fan (cooling fan) . Secondary air combina- tion valve (turbo models)
25A
. Sub fan (cooling fan)
Empty
10A
30A 15A
20A
15A
25A
15A
10A
7.5A
15A
. Audio . Headlight (low beam) . Headlight (high beam) . Back-up . Horn . Rear window defogger . Mirror heater . Automatic transmission
Fuel pump
control unit
. Engine control unit
Turn and hazard warn- ing flasher
15A
Tail and illumination re- lay
7.5A
. Alternator
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (431,1)
Specifications 12-15
Fuse panel
18
19
Fuse rating 15A
15A
Circuit
. Headlight (right side) . Headlight (left side)
12
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (432,1)
12-16 Specifications
Bulb chart
NOTE Lights from A to D are the LED (Light Emitting Diode) type. Consult your SUBARU dealer for replacement.
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
1) High beam headlight 2) Low beam headlight
Models with HID light Models with halogen light
Front fog light
Front turn signal/Front side marker light
3) 4) Map light 5) Dome light 6) 7) Door step light (STI) 8) 9) High mount stop light (4-door, if equipped) 10) Rear turn signal light (4-door) 11) Back-up light (4-door) 12) Brake/tail and rear side marker light (4-door)
Trunk room light (4-door)
13) Cargo area light (5-door) 14) Rear side marker light (5-door) 15) Rear turn signal light (5-door) 16) Back-up light (5-door) 17) Licence plate light A) High mount stop light (5-door) B) Brake/tail light (5-door) C) High mount stop light (4-door, if equipped) D) Side turn signal light (if equipped)
Black plate (433,1)
Specifications 12-17
WARNING
. Bulbs may become very hot while illuminated. Before replacing bulbs, turn off the lights and wait until the bulbs cool down. Other- wise, there is a risk of sustaining a burn injury.
. For models with HID low beam headlights, observe the following precautions. Not doing so carries the risk of an electric shock that could result in serious injury because the HID bulbs use an extremely high voltage. – Do not replace any headlight bulbs (both low beam and high beam) by yourself.
– Do not remove/restore the headlight assemblies by your- self.
– Do not remove any headlight- assembly components by yourself.
For replacement, contact your SUBARU dealer.
– CONTINUED –
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Wattage
Bulb No.
12V-60W
9005 (HB3)
12V-35W 12V-55W
12V-27/8W 12V-8W 12V-8W 12V-51W 12V-5W 12V-5W 12V-21W 12V-21W 12V-16W 12V-21/5W
12V-5W 12V-5W 12V-21W 12V-21W 12V-5W –
–
–
–
D2S
H11
1157NA –
–
9006 (HB4)
W5W
(W5W)
(P21W)
(WY21W)
921
7443
(W21/5W)
–
168
(WY21W)
7440
168 (W5W)
–
–
– –
12
Black plate (434,1)
12-18 Specifications
CAUTION
Replace any bulb only with a new bulb of the specified wattage. Using a bulb of different wattage could result in a fire.
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Vehicle identification
Black plate (435,1)
Specifications 12-19
Tire inflation pressure label
1) Vehicle identification number 2) Emission control label 3) 4) Certification label 5) Vehicle identification number plate 6) Model number label 7) 8) Air conditioner label
Fuel label
12
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (2,1)
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Left Page
Model "ALL_MODEL_MEMO" EDITED: 2007/ 6/ 22
Black plate (25,1)
Consumer information and Reporting safety defects
For U.S.A. ........................................................... 13-2
Tire information.................................................. 13-2
Tire labeling ....................................................... 13-2
Recommended tire inflation pressure.................. 13-4
Glossary of tire terminology ............................... 13-5
Tire care – maintenance and safety
practices........................................................
Vehicle load limit – how to determine................
13-10
13-10
Determining compatibility of tire and vehicle
load capacities ..............................................
Adverse safety consequences of overloading
on handling and stopping and on tires ........... Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit......... Uniform tire quality grading standards .......... Treadwear ....................................................... Traction AA, A, B, C......................................... Temperature A, B, C......................................... Reporting safety defects (U.S.A.) ...................
13-13
13-14
13-14
13-15
13-15
13-15
13-15
13-16
13
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 11/ 17
13-2 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects
Black plate (438,1)
For U.S.A.
The following information has been compiled according to Code of Federal Regulations “Title 49, Part 575”.
Tire information & Tire labeling Many markings (e.g. Tire size, Tire Identification Number or TIN) are placed on the sidewall of a tire by tire manufacturers. These markings can provide you with useful infor- mation on the tire. ! Tire size Your vehicle comes equipped with P-Metric tire size. It is important to understand the sizing system in selecting the proper tire for your vehicles. Here is a brief review of the tire sizing system with a break- down of its individual elements. ! P Metric With the P-Metric system, Section Width is measured in millimeters. To convert millimeters into inches, divide by 25.4. The Aspect Ratio (Section Height divided by Section Width) helps provide more dimen- sional the tire size.
information about
Example:
(1) P = Certain tire type used on light duty vehicles such as passen- ger cars (2) Section Width in millimeters (3) Aspect Ratio (= section height 7 section width). (4) R = Radial Construction (5) Rim diameter in inches ! Load and Speed Rating Descrip-
tions
The load and speed rating descrip- tions will appear following the size designation. facts They provide two important about the number designation is its load index. Sec- ond, the letter designation indicates the tire’s speed rating.
the tire. First,
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (439,1)
Consumer information and Reporting safety defects 13-3
Example:
(6) Load Index: A numerical code
which specifies the maximum load
a tire can carry at
the speed
indicated by its speed symbol, at
maximum inflation pressure.
For example, “90” means 1,323 lbs
(600 kg), “89” means 1,278 lbs (580
kg).
WARNING
Load indices apply only to the tire, not to the vehicle. Putting a load rated tire on any vehicle does not mean the vehicle can be loaded up to the tire’s rated load.
(7) Speed Rating: An alphabetical system describing a tire’s capability to travel at established and prede- termined speeds. For example, “V” means 149 mph (240 km/h)
WARNING
. Speed ratings apply only to the tire, not to the vehicle. Putting a speed rated tire on any vehicle does not mean the vehicle can be operated at the tire’s rated speed.
. The speed rating is void if the tires are worn out, da- maged, repaired, retreaded, or otherwise altered from their original condition. If tires are repaired, re- treaded, or otherwise al- tered, they may not be sui- table for original equipment tire designed loads and speeds.
! Tire Identification Number (TIN) Tire Identification Number (TIN) is marked on the intended outboard sidewall. The TIN is composed of four groups. Here is a brief review of the TIN with a breakdown of its individual elements.
(1) Manufacturer’s Identification
Mark
(2) Tire Size
(3) Tire Type Code
(4) Date of Manufacture
The first
two figures identify the
week, starting with “01” to represent
the first full week of the calendar
year; the second two figures repre-
sent the year. For example, 0101
means the 1st week of 2001.
! Other markings
The following makings are also
placed on the sidewall.
! Maximum permissible inflation
pressure
The maximum cold inflation pres- sure to which this tire may be “300 kPa inflated. For example, (44 PSI) MAX. PRESS”
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13
13-4 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects
STEEL + 2 POLYESTER SIDE- WALL 2 POLYESTER” ! Uniform Tire Quality Grading
(UTQG)
For details, refer to “Uniform tire quality grading standards” F13-15.
& Recommended tire inflation
pressure
! Recommended cold tire infla-
tion pressure
For recommended cold tire inflation pressure for your vehicle’s tires, refer to “Tires” F12-11. ! Vehicle placard
! Maximum load rating The load rating at the maximum permissible weight load for this tire. For example, “MAX. LOAD 580 kg (1279 LBS) @ 300 kPa (44 PSI) MAX. PRESS.”
WARNING
Maximum load rating applies only to the tire, not to the vehicle. Putting a load rated tire on any vehicle does not mean the vehicle can be loaded up to the tire’s rated load.
! Construction type
Applicable construction of this tire.
For example, “TUBELESS STEEL
BELTED RADIAL”
! Construction
The generic name of each cord
material used in the plies (both
sidewall and tread area) of this tire.
“PLIES: TREAD 2
For example,
Black plate (440,1)
The vehicle placard is affixed to the driver’s side B-pillar. Example:
The vehicle placard shows original tire size, recommended cold tire inflation pressure on each tire at maximum loaded vehicle weight, seating capacity and loading infor- mation. ! Adverse safety consequences
of under-inflation
Driving at high speeds with exces- sively low tire pressures can cause the tires to flex severely and to rapidly become hot. A sharp in-
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (441,1)
Consumer information and Reporting safety defects 13-5
crease in temperature could cause tread separation, and failure of the tire(s). Possible resulting loss of vehicle control could lead to an accident. ! Measuring and adjusting air
pressure to achieve proper in- flation
Check and, if necessary, adjust the pressure of each tire (including the spare) at least once a month and before any long journey. Check the tire pressures when the tires are cold. Use a pressure gauge to adjust the tire pressures to the specific values. Driving even a short distance warms up the tires and increases the tire pressures. Also, the tire pressures are affected by the outside temperature. is best to check tire pressure out- doors before driving the vehicle. When a tire becomes warm, the air inside it expands, causing the tire pressure to increase. Be careful not to mistakenly release air from a warm tire to reduce its pressure.
It
(whether
& Glossary of tire terminology . Accessory weight The combined weight (in excess of those standard items which may be replaced) of automatic transmis- sion, power steering, power brakes, power windows, power seats, radio, and heater, to the extent that these items are available as factory-in- stalled equipment in- stalled or not). . Bead The part of the tire that is made of steel wires, wrapped or reinforced by ply cords and that is shaped to fit the rim. . Bead separation A breakdown of the bond between components in the bead. . Bias ply tire A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at alternate angles substantially less than 90 degrees to the center- line of the tread. . Carcass The tire structure, except tread and
rubber which, when in-
sidewall flated, bears the load. . Chunking The breaking away of pieces of the tread or sidewall. . Cold tire pressure The pressure in a tire that has been driven less than 1 mile or has been standing for three hours or more. . Cord The strands forming the plies in the tire. . Cord separation The parting of cords from adjacent rubber compounds. . Cracking Any parting within the tread, side- wall, or the tire extending to cord material. . Curb weight The weight of a motor vehicle with standard equipment including the maximum capacity of fuel, oil and coolant, and if so equipped, air conditioning and additional weight optional engine.
liner of
inner
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北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
13
13-6 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects
. Extra load tire A tire designed to operate at higher loads and higher inflation pressure than the corresponding standard tire. . Groove The space between two adjacent tread ribs. . Innerliner The layer(s) forming the inside sur- face of a tubeless tire that contains the inflating medium within the tire. . Innerliner separation The parting of the innerliner from cord material in the carcass. . Intended outboard sidewall
(1) The sidewall that contains a whitewall, bears white lettering or bears manufacturer, brand, and/or model name molding that is higher or deeper than the same molding on the other side- wall of the tire, or (2) The outward facing sidewall of an asymmetrical tire that has a particular side that must al- ways face outward when mount-
ing on a vehicle.
. Light truck (LT) tire A tire designated by its manufac- turer as primarily intended for use on lightweight trucks or multipur- pose passenger vehicles. . Load rating The maximum load that a tire is rated to carry for a given inflation pressure. . Maximum inflation pressure The maximum cold inflation pres- sure to which a tire may be inflated. . Maximum load rating The load rating for a tire at the maximum permissible inflation pressure for that tire. . Maximum loaded vehicle weight The sum of:
(a) Curb weight (b) Accessory weight (c) Vehicle capacity weight (d) Production options weight
. Maximum permissible inflation pressure The maximum cold inflation pres- sure to which a tire may be inflated.
Black plate (442,1)
. Measuring rim The rim on which a tire is fitted for physical dimension requirements. . Normal occupant weight 150 lbs (68 kg) times the number of occupants specified in the second column of Table 1 that is appended to the end of this section. . Occupant distribution Distribution of occupants in a vehi- cle as specified in the third column of Table 1 that is appended to the end of this section. . Open splice Any parting at any junction of tread, sidewall, or innerliner that extends to cord material. . Outer diameter The overall diameter of an inflated new tire. . Overall width The linear distance between the the sidewalls of an exteriors of inflated tire, including elevations due to labeling, decorations, or protective bands or ribs.
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (443,1)
Consumer information and Reporting safety defects 13-7
rubber compound
. Passenger car tire A tire intended for use on passen- ger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, and trucks, that have a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 10,000 lbs (4,535 kg) or less. . Ply A layer of rubber-coated parallel cords. . Ply separation A parting of between adjacent plies. . Pneumatic tire A mechanical device made of rub- ber, chemicals, fabric and steel or other materials, that, when mounted on an automotive wheel, provides the traction and contains the gas or fluid that sustains the load. . Production options weight The combined weight of those installed regular production options weighing over 5.1 lbs (2.3 kg) in excess of those standard items which they replace, not previously considered in curb weight or acces-
roof
ride levelers,
sory weight, including heavy duty brakes, rack, heavy duty battery, and special trim. . Radial ply tire A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at substantially 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. . Recommended inflation pres- sure The cold inflation pressure recom- mended by a vehicle manufacturer. . Reinforced tire A tire designed to operate at higher loads and at higher inflation pres- sures than the corresponding stan- dard tire. . Rim A metal support for a tire or a tire and tube assembly upon which the tire beads are seated. . Rim diameter Nominal diameter of the bead seat. . Rim size designation Rim diameter and width.
. Rim type designation The industry of manufacturer’s des- ignation for a rim by style or code. . Rim width Nominal distance between rim flanges. . Section width The linear distance between the exteriors of the sidewalls of an inflated tire, excluding elevations due to labeling, decoration, or protective bands. . Sidewall That portion of a tire between the tread and bead. . Sidewall separation The parting of pound from the cord material the sidewall. . Test rim The rim on which a tire is fitted for testing, and it may be any rim listed as appropriate for use with that tire. . Tread That portion of a tire that comes into contact with the road.
the rubber com- in
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北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
13
13-8 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects
Black plate (444,1)
accessory weight, and normal oc- cupant weight (distributed in accor- dance with Table 1 that is ap- pended to the end of this section) and dividing by 2. . Wheel-holding fixture The fixture used to hold the wheel and tire assembly securely during testing.
. Tread rib A tread section running circumfer- entially around a tire. . Tread separation Pulling away of the tread from the tire carcass. . Treadwear indicators (TWI) The projections within the principal grooves designed to give a visual indication of the degrees of wear of the tread. . Vehicle capacity weight The rated cargo and luggage load plus 150 lbs (68 kg) times the vehicle’s designated seating capa- city. . Vehicle maximum load on the tire Load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle its share of the maximum loaded vehicle weight and dividing by two. . Vehicle normal load on the tire is Load on an individual tire that determined by distributing to each axle its share of the curb weight,
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (445,1)
Consumer information and Reporting safety defects 13-9
Table 1 — Occupant loading and distribution for vehicle normal load for various designated seating capacities
Designated seating capacity, number of
occupants
2 through 4
5 through 10
11 through 15
16 through 22
Vehicle normal load, number of occupants
Occupant distribution in a normally loaded vehicle
2 in front. 2 in front, 1 in second seat. 2 in front, 1 in second seat, 1 in third seat, 1 in fourth seat. 2 in front, 2 in second seat, 2 in third seat, 1 in fourth seat.
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北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
13-10 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects
& Tire care – maintenance and
safety practices
. Check on a daily basis that the tires are free from serious damage, nails, and stones. At the same time, check the tires for abnormal wear. Inspect the tire tread regularly and replace the tires before their tread wear indicators become visi- ble. When a tire’s tread wear indicator becomes visible, the tire is worn beyond the acceptable limit and must be replaced immediately. With a tire in this condition, driving at even low speeds in wet weather can cause the vehicle to hydro- plane. Possible resulting loss of vehicle control can lead to an accident. . To maximize the life of each tire and ensure that the tires wear uniformly, to rotate the tires every 7,500 miles (12,000 km). For information about the tire rota- tion order, refer to “Tire rotation” F11-36. Replace any damaged or unevenly worn tires at the time of
is best
it
rotation. After tire rotation, adjust the tire pressures and make sure the wheel nuts are correctly tigh- tened. For information about the tightening torque and tightening sequence for the wheel nuts, refer to “Flat tires” F9-6. & Vehicle load limit – how to
determine
The load capacity of your vehicle is determined by weight, not by avail- able cargo space. The load limit of your vehicle is shown on the vehicle placard attached to the driver’s side B-pillar. Locate the “The combined weight statement of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs” on your vehicle’s placard. The vehicle placard also shows seating capacity of your vehicle. The total load capacity includes the total weight of driver and all pas- sengers and their belongings, any cargo, any optional equipment such as a trailer hitch, roof rack or bike
Black plate (446,1)
carrier, etc., and the tongue load of a trailer. Therefore cargo capacity can be calculated by the following method. Cargo capacity = Load limit − (total weight of occupants + total weight of optional equipment + tongue load of a trailer (if applicable))
For information about vehicle load- ing, refer to “Loading your vehicle” F8-12. NOTE Your vehicle is neither designed nor intended to be used for trailer towing. Therefore, never tow a trailer with your vehicle.
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (447,1)
Consumer information and Reporting safety defects 13-11
! Calculating total and load ca- pacities varying seating con- figurations
Calculate the available load capa- city as shown in the following examples:
Example 1A
occupant weighing 154 lbs (70 kg)
plus cargo weighing 662 lbs (300
kg).
1. Calculate the total weight.
Example 1B
Vehicle capacity weight of the vehicle is 900 lbs (408 kg), which is indicated on the vehicle placard with the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed 900 lbs or 408 kg”. For example, if the vehicle has one
2. Calculate the available load ca- pacity by subtracting the total weight from the vehicle capacity weight of 900 lbs (408 kg).
3. The result of step 2 shows that a further 84 lbs (38 kg) of cargo can be carried.
For example, if a person weighing 176 lbs (80 kg) now enters the same vehicle (bringing the number of occupants to two), the calcula- tions are as follows. 1. Calculate the total weight.
13
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北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (448,1)
13-12 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects
2. Calculate the available load ca- pacity.
3. The total weight now exceeds
the capacity weight by 92 lbs (42
kg), so the cargo weight must be
reduced by 92 lbs (42 kg) or more.
Example 2A
with the statement “The combined
weight of occupants and cargo
should never exceed 408 kg or
900 lbs”.
For example, the vehicle has one
occupant weighing 165 lbs (75 kg)
plus cargo weighing 375 lbs (170
kg). In addition, the vehicle is fitted
with a trailer hitch weighing 22 lbs
(10 kg),
to which is attached a
trailer weighing 1,764 lbs (800 kg).
10% of the trailer weight is applied
to the trailer tongue (i.e. Tongue
load = 176 lbs (80 kg)).
1. Calculate the total weight.
2. Calculate the available load ca- pacity.
3. The result of step 2 shows that a further 162 lbs (73 kg) of cargo can be carried.
NOTE Your vehicle is neither designed nor intended to be used for trailer towing. Therefore, never tow a trailer with your vehicle.
Vehicle capacity weight of the vehicle is 900 lbs (408 kg), which is indicated on the vehicle placard
北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
Black plate (449,1)
Consumer information and Reporting safety defects 13-13
Example 2B
For example, if a person weighing
143 lbs (65 kg) and a child weighing
40 lbs (18 kg) now enter the same
vehicle (bringing the number of
occupants to three), and a child
restraint system weighing 11 lbs (5
kg) is installed in the vehicle for the
child to use, the calculations are as
follows.
1. Calculate the total weight.
2. Calculate the available load ca- pacity.
3. The total weight now exceeds
the capacity weight by 32 lbs (15
kg), so the cargo weight must be
reduced by 32 lbs (15 kg) or more.
NOTE Your vehicle is neither designed nor intended to be used for trailer towing. Therefore, never tow a trailer with your vehicle. & Determining compatibility of tire and vehicle load capaci- ties
two rear
four tires’ maximum The sum of load ratings must exceed the max- imum loaded vehicle weight (“GVWR”). In addition, sum of the maximum load ratings of two front tires and of tires must exceed each axle’s maximum loaded capacity (“GAWR”). Original equipment tires are designed to fulfill those conditions. The maximum loaded vehicle weight is referred to Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR). And each axle’s maximum loaded capacity is referred to Gross Axle Weight Rat- ing (GAWR). The GVWR and each axle’s GAWR are shown on the vehicle certification label affixed to the driver’s door.
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北米Model "A1110BE-C" EDITED: 2010/ 12/ 17
13
13-14 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects
The GVWR and front and rear GAWRs are determined by not only the maximum load rating of tires but also loaded capacities of the vehi- cle’s suspension, axles and other parts of the body. Therefore, the vehicle cannot necessarily be loaded up to the tire’s maximum load rating on the tire sidewall.
this means that
& Adverse safety conse-
quences of overloading on handling and stopping and on tires
Overloading could affect vehicle handling, stopping distance, and vehicle and tire performance in the following ways. This could lead to an accident and possibly result in severe personal injury. . Vehicle stability will deteriorate. . Heavy and/or high-mounted loads could increase the risk of rollover. . Stopping distance will increase. . Brakes could overheat and fail.
. Suspension, bearings, axles and other body parts could break or experience accelerated wear that will shorten vehicle life. . Tires could fail. . Tread separation could occur. . Tire could separate from its rim. & Steps for Determining Cor-
rect Load Limit
1. Locate the statement “The com- bined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX pounds” on your vehicle’s placard. 2. Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that will be riding in your vehicle. 3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver and passengers from XXX kilograms or XXX pounds. 4. The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity. For exam- the “XXX” amount equals ple, 1,400 lbs (635 kg) and there will be five- 150 lbs (68 kg) passengers in your vehicle, the amount of avail-
if
Black plate (450,1)
able cargo and luggage load capa-
city is 650 lbs. (1,400 − 750 (5 6
150) = 650 lbs)
5. Determine the combined weight
of luggage and cargo being loaded
on the vehicle. That weight may not
safely exceed the available cargo
and luggage load capacity calcu-
lated in Step 4.
If your vehicle will be towing a
6.
trailer, load from your trailer will be
transferred to your vehicle. Consult
this manual to determine how this
reduces the available cargo and