2011 Subaru Forester Owners Manual

. Do not touch the oil filter until the engine has cooled down comple- tely. Doing so may result in a burn or other injury. Note that the oil filter becomes very hot when the engine is running and re- mains hot for some time after

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

the engine has stopped.

Engine hood

& When checking or servicing in the engine compartment while the engine is running

To open the hood: 1. If the wiper blades are lifted off the windshield, return them to their original position.

WARNING

A running engine can be dangerous. Keep your fingers, hands, clothing, hair and tools away from the cooling fan, belts and any other moving engine parts. Removing rings, watches and ties is advisable.

2. Pull the hood release knob under the instrument panel.

Black plate (361,1)

Maintenance and service 11-5

3. Release the secondary hood release by moving the lever between the front grille and the hood toward the left. 4. Lift up the hood.

To close the hood: 1. Lower the hood to a height of approxi- mately 5.9 in (15 cm) above its closed position and then let it drop. 2. After closing the hood, be sure the hood is securely locked.

If this does not close the hood, release it from a slightly higher position. Do not push the hood forcibly to close it. It could deform the metal.

– CONTINUED –

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

11

Black plate (362,1)

11-6 Maintenance and service

WARNING

Always check that the hood is properly locked before you start driving. If it is not, it might fly open while the vehicle is moving and block your view, which may cause an accident and serious bodily in- jury.

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

Engine compartment overview & Non-turbo models

Black plate (363,1)

Maintenance and service 11-7

1) Power steering fluid reservoir (page 11-

24)

2) Manual transmission oil level gauge (MT) (page 11-20) or Differential gear oil level gauge (AT) (page 11-22)

3) Clutch fluid reservoir (page 11-26) 4) Automatic transmission fluid level gauge

(page 11-21)

Fuse box (page 11-45)

5) Brake fluid reservoir (page 11-25) 6) 7) Battery (page 11-44) 8) Windshield washer tank (page 11-38) 9) Engine oil filler cap (page 11-9) 10) Engine coolant reservoir (page 11-14) 11) Radiator cap (page 11-14) 12) Engine oil filter (page 11-10) 13) Engine oil level gauge (page 11-9) 14) Air cleaner case (page 11-16)

11

– CONTINUED –

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

11-8 Maintenance and service

& Turbo models

Black plate (364,1)

1) Power steering fluid reservoir

(page 11-24)

2) Differential gear oil

(page 11-22)

level gauge (AT)

3) Clutch fluid reservoir (page 11-26) 4) Automatic transmission fluid level gauge

(page 11-21)

Fuse box (page 11-45)

5) Brake fluid reservoir (page 11-25) 6) 7) Battery (page 11-44) 8) Windshield washer tank (page 11-38) 9) Engine oil filler cap (page 11-9) 10) Engine coolant reservoir (page 11-14) 11) Engine oil level gauge (page 11-9) 12) Radiator cap (page 11-14) 13) Air cleaner case (page 11-16)

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

Black plate (365,1)

Maintenance and service 11-9

& Checking the oil level Check the engine oil stop. 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and stop the engine.

level at each fuel

Non-turbo models

2. Pull out the level gauge, wipe it clean, and insert it again. 3. Be sure the level gauge is correctly inserted until it stops.

Turbo models

11

Engine oil

NOTE . The engine oil consumption rate is not stabilized, and therefore cannot be determined until the vehicle has tra- veled at least several thousand miles (kilometers). Even after break-in, when the vehicle is used under severe driv- ing conditions such as those men- tioned in the Warranty and Mainte- nance Booklet, engine oil is consumed or deteriorated more quickly than un- der normal driving conditions. If you drive your vehicle under these severe conditions, you should check the oil level at least at every second fuel fill-up time, and change the oil more fre- quently. Please refer to the Warranty and Maintenance Booklet for more de- tails. . If the oil consumption rate seems abnormally high after the break-in period, for example more than 1 quart per 1,200 miles or 1 liter per 2,000
kilometers, contact your SUBARU deal- er.

– CONTINUED –

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

11-10 Maintenance and service

Turbo models 1) Notch 2) Upper level 3) Lower level 4) Approximately 1.1 US qt (1.0 liter, 0.9

Imp qt) from lower level to upper level

Black plate (366,1)

engine oil gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off.

If you check the oil level just after stopping the engine, wait a few minutes for the oil to drain back into the oil pan before checking the level. Just after driving or while the engine is warm, the engine oil level reading may be in a range between the upper level and the notch mark. This is caused by thermal expansion of the engine oil. To prevent overfilling the engine oil, do not add any additional oil above the upper level when the engine is cold. & Changing the oil and oil filter Change the oil and oil filter according to the maintenance schedule in the “War- ranty and Maintenance Booklet”. The engine oil and oil filter must be changed more frequently than listed in the maintenance schedule when driving on dusty roads, when short trips are frequently made, or when driving in extremely cold weather. NOTE Changing the engine oil and oil filter should be performed by a properly- trained expert. It is recommended that you have this service performed by

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

Non-turbo models 1) Upper level 2) Lower level 3) Approximately 1.1 US qt (1.0 liter, 0.9

Imp qt) from lower level to upper level

4. Pull out the level gauge again and check the oil level on it. If it is below the lower level, add oil to bring the level up to the upper level.

CAUTION

. Use only engine oil with the recommended grade and vis- cosity.

. Be careful not to spill engine oil when adding it. If oil touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If

your SUBARU dealer. 1. Warm up the engine by letting the engine idle for approximately 10 minutes to ease draining the engine oil. 2. Park the vehicle on a level surface and stop the engine. 3. Remove the oil filler cap.

Turbo models

Black plate (367,1)

Maintenance and service 11-11

Non-turbo models

Non-turbo models

4. Drain out the engine oil by removing the drain plug while the engine is still warm. The used oil should be drained into an appropriate container and disposed of properly.

WARNING

Be careful not to burn yourself with hot engine oil.

5. Wipe the seating surface of the drain plug with a clean cloth and tighten it securely with a new sealing washer after the oil has completely drained out. 6. Remove the under cover (turbo mod- els).

11

Turbo models

7. Remove the oil filter with an oil filter wrench. 8. Before installing a new oil filter, apply a thin coat of engine oil to the seal.

– CONTINUED –

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

11-12 Maintenance and service

9. Clean the rubber seal seating area of the bottom of engine and install the oil filter by hand turning. Be careful not to twist or damage the seal. filter by the amount 10. Tighten the oil indicated in the following table after the seal makes contact with the bottom of engine. Turbo models

Oil filter color Part number

Amount of

rotation

Black

15208AA100

1 rotation

Blue

15208AA12A

Non-turbo models

Oil filter color Part number

7/8

rotation

Amount of

rotation

Black

15208AA130

3/4 rotation

Black plate (368,1)

CAUTION

. Never over tighten the oil filter because that can result in an oil leak.

. Thoroughly wipe off any engine oil that has spilled over the exhaust pipe and/or under-cover. If spilled oil is not promptly wiped up, the oil could cause a fire.

11. Reinstall under cover (turbo models). 12. Pour engine oil through the filler neck. For the oil capacity (guideline), refer to “Engine oil” F12-5. The oil quantity indicated above is only guideline. The necessary quantity of oil depends on the quantity of oil that has been drained. The quantity of drained oil differs slightly depending on the temperature of the oil and the time the oil is left flowing out. After refilling the engine with oil, therefore, you must use the level gauge to confirm that the level is correct. 13. Start the engine and make sure that no oil leaks appear around the filter’s rubber seal and drain plug. 14. Run the engine until it reaches the normal operating temperature. Then stop

the engine and wait a few minutes to allow the oil drain back. Check the oil level again and if necessary, add more engine oil.

CAUTION

Be careful not to spill engine oil If oil touches the when adding it. exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire.

& Recommended grade and

viscosity

CAUTION

Use only engine oil with the recom- mended grade and viscosity.

Refer to “Engine oil” F12-5. NOTE Engine oil viscosity (thickness) affects fuel economy. Oils of lower viscosity provide better fuel economy. However, in hot weather, oil of higher viscosity is required to properly lubricate the en- gine.

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

& Synthetic oil You should use synthetic engine oil that meets the same requirements given for conventional engine oil. When using synthetic oil, you must use oil of the same classification, viscosity and grade shown in this Owner’s Manual. Refer to “Engine oil” F12-5. Also, you must follow the oil and filter changing intervals shown in the Warranty and Maintenance booklet. NOTE Synthetic oil of the grade and viscosity noted in chapter 12 is the required engine oil for optimum engine perfor- mance. Conventional oil may be used if synthetic oil is unavailable.

Cooling system

WARNING

Never attempt to remove the radia- tor cap until the engine has been shut off and has cooled down completely. Since the coolant is under pressure, you may suffer serious burns from a spray of boil- ing hot coolant when the cap is removed.

CAUTION

. Vehicles are filled at the factory with SUBARU Super Coolant that does not require the first change for 11 years/137,500 miles (11
years/220,000 km). This coolant should not be mixed with any other brand or type of coolant during this period. Mixing with a different coolant will reduce the life of the coolant. Should it be necessary to top up the coolant f o r a n y r e a s o n , u s e o n l y SUBARU Super Coolant. If the SUBARU Super Coolant is diluted with another brand or type, the maintenance interval is

Black plate (369,1)

Maintenance and service 11-13

shortened to that of the mixing coolant.

. Do not splash the engine coolant over painted parts. The alcohol contained in the engine coolant may damage the paint surface.

& Cooling fan, hose and con-

nections

Your vehicle employs an electric cooling fan which is thermostatically controlled to operate when the engine coolant reaches a specific temperature.

If the radiator cooling fan does not operate even when the following conditions occur, the cooling fan circuit may be defective. . The engine coolant temperature gauge exceeds the normal operating range (if equipped). Refer to “Temperature gauge (models with type A combination meter)” F3-11. . The coolant temperature high warning light blinks or illuminates in RED (if equipped). Refer to “Coolant temperature low indicator temperature high warning light” F3-16. Check the fuse and replace it if necessary. If the fuse is not blown, have the cooling system checked by your SUBARU dealer.

light/Coolant

– CONTINUED –

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 15

11

Black plate (370,1)

“LOW” level mark, add coolant up to the “FULL” level mark. If the reserve tank is empty, remove the radiator cap and refill as required.

over painted parts. The alcohol contained in the engine coolant may damage the paint surface.

11-14 Maintenance and service

Refer to “Fuses” F11-45 and “Fuse panel located in the engine compartment” F12- 13.

If frequent addition of coolant is neces- sary, there may be a leak in the engine cooling system. It is recommended that the cooling system and connections be checked for leaks, damage, or looseness.

& Engine coolant ! Checking the coolant level

3. After refilling the reserve tank and the radiator, reinstall the caps and check that the rubber gaskets inside the radiator cap are in the proper position.

CAUTION

. Be careful not

to spill engine coolant when adding it. If coolant touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If engine coolant gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off.

. Do not splash the engine coolant

1) 2)

“FULL” level mark “LOW” level mark

Check the coolant level at each fuel stop. 1. Check the coolant level on the outside of the reservoir while the engine is cool. 2.

If the level is close to or lower than the

! Changing the coolant

WARNING

Never attempt to remove the radia- tor cap until the engine has been shut off and has cooled down completely. Since the coolant is under pressure, you may suffer serious burns from a spray of boil- ing hot coolant when the cap is removed.

Always add genuine SUBARU cooling system conditioner whenever the coolant is replaced. Change the engine coolant and add genuine SUBARU cooling system condi- tioner using the following procedures according to the maintenance schedule. 1. Remove the under cover.

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

Black plate (371,1)

Maintenance and service 11-15

room to add genuine SUBARU cooling system conditioner in the radiator. Add genuine SUBARU cooling system condi- tioner until the coolant level reaches the filler neck. Do not pour the coolant too quickly, as this may lead to insufficient air bleeding and trapped air in the system. NOTE For guidelines on coolant quantity (including the coolant in resorvoir tank), refer to “Engine coolant” F12-9.

11

Non-turbo models 1)

Fill up to this level

2. Place a proper container under the drain plug and loosen the drain plug. 3. Loosen the radiator cap to drain the coolant from the radiator. Then drain the coolant from the reserve tank. Tighten the drain plug securely. NOTE (turbo models only) The cap (without tabs) on top of the radiator does not need to be removed. To add coolant, remove the cap (with tabs) on the coolant tank on top of the engine. 4.

Install the under cover.

Turbo models 1)

Fill up to this level

5. Slowly pour the coolant and fill up to just below the filler neck, allowing enough

– CONTINUED –

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

11-16 Maintenance and service

Black plate (372,1)

Air cleaner element

WARNING

Do not operate the engine with the air cleaner element removed. The air cleaner element not only filters intake air but also stops flames if the engine backfires. the air cleaner element installed when the engine backfires, you could be burned.

is not

If

1) 2)

“FULL” level mark “LOW” level mark

CAUTION

. Be careful not

to spill engine coolant when adding it. If coolant touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If engine coolant gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off.

. Do not splash the engine coolant over painted parts. The alcohol contained in the engine coolant may damage the paint surface.

6. Pour the coolant and fill to the reser- voir tank’s “FULL” level mark.

7. Put the radiator cap back on and tighten firmly. At this time, make sure that the rubber gasket in the radiator cap is correctly in place. 8. Start and race the engine at 2,000 to 3,000 rpm for 5 to 6 times within 40
seconds. 9. Stop the engine and wait until the coolant cools down (122 to 1408F [50 to 608C]). If there is any loss of coolant, add coolant to the radiator’s filler neck and to the reserve tank’s “FULL” level. 10. Put the radiator cap and reservoir cap back on and tighten firmly.

CAUTION

When replacing the air cleaner ele- ment, use a genuine SUBARU air cleaner element. If it is not used, there is the possibility of causing a negative effect to the engine.

The air cleaner element functions as a filter screen. When the element is perfo- rated or removed, engine wear will be excessive and engine life shortened.

It is not necessary to clean or wash the element.

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

& Replacing the air cleaner

element

Replace the air cleaner element according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. Un- der extremely dusty conditions, replace it more frequently. It is recommended that you always use genuine SUBARU parts. ! Non-turbo models

1) Connector 2) Clip 3) Clamp 4) Air intake boot 5) Clip

1. Unplug the connector that is attached to the top of the air cleaner case. 2. Detach the connector cable from the clip on the right side on the air cleaner

Black plate (373,1)

Maintenance and service 11-17

the air

case. 3. Loosen the screw of the clamp and pull the air cleaner case. 4. Unsnap the two clips holding the air cleaner case cover.

intake boot out of

7. To install the air cleaner case, insert the three projections on the air cleaner case into the slits on the air cleaner case cover. 8.

Install in the reverse order of removal.

5. Open the air cleaner case and remove the air cleaner element. 6. Clean the inside of the air cleaner case and case cover with a damp cloth and install a new air cleaner element.

11

– CONTINUED –

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

11-18 Maintenance and service

! Turbo models

2. Unplug the connector that is attached to the top of the air cleaner case. 3. Unsnap the two clips holding the air cleaner case cover.

1. Use a screwdriver to undo the clips on the air intake duct, then remove the air intake duct.

4. Open the air cleaner case cover and remove the air cleaner element. 5. Clean the inside of the air cleaner case and case cover with a damp cloth and install a new air cleaner element.

1) Connector 2) Clip

Black plate (374,1)

If

6. the air cleaner case has been removed, insert the three projections on the air cleaner case into the slits on the air cleaner case cover. 7.

Install in the reverse order of removal.

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

Spark plugs

It may be difficult to replace the spark plugs. It is recommended that you have the spark plugs replaced by your SUBARU dealer.

The spark plugs should be replaced according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Book- let”.

CAUTION

. When disconnecting the spark plug cables, always grasp the spark plug cap, not the cables.

. Make sure the cables are re-

placed in the correct order.

& Recommended spark plugs NOTE For the recommended spark plugs, refer to “Electrical system” F12-3.

Drive belts & Turbo models

Front side belt

1) Power steering oil pump pulley 2) 3) Alternator pulley 4) Air conditioner compressor pulley 5) Rear side belt 6) Crank pulley A)

22 lbf (98 N, 10 kgf)

CAUTION

The front side belt, which runs in conjunction with the following com- ponents, must be used within the specified deflection. . Power steering oil pump pulley . Alternator pulley

Black plate (375,1)

Maintenance and service 11-19

. Crank pulley Check the deflection of the front side belt and if there is any loosen- ess, cracks, wear or unusual noise on the front side belt, contact your SUBARU dealer. Continuing to use the vehicle with the belt outside of the specification may cause the engine to malfunc- tion and the above components to malfunction.

To check the deflection of the front side belt, place a straightedge (ruler) across two adjacent pulleys (alternator pulley and crank pulley) and apply a force of 22 lbf (98 N, 10 kgf) midway between the pulleys by using a spring scale. The belt deflec- tion should be the amount specified. If the front side belt is loose, cracked or worn, contact your SUBARU dealer.

in (mm)

Deflection

New belt 0.28 – 0.35
(7.0 – 9.0)

Used belt 0.35 – 0.43
(9.0 – 11.0)

The rear side belt is a stretch-type belt, therefore the deflection does not need to be checked. If there are cracks or wear confirmed on the belts and a squeaking sound is heard from them, contact your – CONTINUED –

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

11

11-20 Maintenance and service

SUBARU dealer.

& Non-turbo models It is unnecessary to check the deflection of the drive belt periodically because your engine is equipped with an automatic belt tension adjuster. However, replacement of the belt should be done according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. Consult your SUBARU dealer for replacement. If contact your SUBARU dealer.

is loose, cracked or worn,

the belt

Manual transmission oil & Checking the oil level

1) Yellow handle

Check the oil level monthly. 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and stop the engine. 2. Pull out the level gauge, wipe it clean, and insert it again.

Black plate (376,1)

1) Upper level 2) Lower level

3. Pull out the level gauge again and check the oil level on it. If it is below the lower through the level gauge hole to bring the level up to the upper level.

level, add oil

CAUTION

Be careful not to spill manual trans- mission oil when adding it. If oil touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If oil gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off.

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

Black plate (377,1)

Maintenance and service 11-21

Automatic transmission fluid & Checking the fluid level The automatic transmission fluid expands largely as its temperature rises; the fluid level differs according to fluid temperature. Therefore, there are two different scales for checking the level of hot fluid and cold fluid on the level gauge.

& Recommended grade and

viscosity

Each oil manufacturer has its own base oils and additives. Never use different brands together. For details, to “Manual front differential and rear differential gear oil” F12-8.

transmission,

refer

range,

Though the fluid level can be checked without warming up the fluid on the “COLD” is recommended to check the fluid level when the fluid is at operating temperature. ! Checking the fluid level when the

it

fluid is hot

1. Drive the vehicle several miles to raise the temperature of the transmission fluid up to normal operating temperature; 158
to 1768F (70 to 808C) is normal. 2. Park the vehicle on a level surface and set the parking brake. in each 3. First shift position. Then shift it in the “P” position, and run the engine at idling speed.

the select

lever

1) Yellow handle

11

1) HOT range 2) COLD range 3) Upper level Lower level 4)

4. Pull out the level gauge and check the – CONTINUED –

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

11-22 Maintenance and service

fluid level on the gauge. If it is below the lower level on the “HOT” range, add the recommended automatic transmission fluid up to the upper level.

! Checking the fluid level when the

fluid is cold

When the fluid level has to be checked without time to warm up the automatic transmission, check to see that the fluid level is between the lower level and upper level on the “COLD” range. If it is below that range, add fluid up to the upper level. Be careful not to overfill.

CAUTION

Be careful not to spill automatic transmission fluid when adding it. If automatic transmission fluid touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If automatic transmission fluid gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off.

Black plate (378,1)

& Recommended fluid Refer to “Fluids” F12-9. NOTE Using any non-specified type of auto- matic transmission fluid could result in damage inside the transmission. When replacing the automatic transmission fluid, be sure to use the kind specified.

Front differential gear oil (AT models) & Checking the oil level

1) Yellow handle

1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and stop the engine. 2. Pull out the level gauge, wipe it clean, and insert it again.

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

& Recommended grade and

viscosity

Each oil manufacturer has its own base oils and additives. Never use different brands together. For details, to “Manual front differential and rear differential gear oil” F12-8.

transmission,

refer

1) Upper level 2) Lower level

3. Pull out the level gauge again and check the oil level on it. If it is below the lower level, add oil to bring the level up to the upper level.

CAUTION

Be careful not to spill front differ- ential gear oil when adding it. If oil touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If oil gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off.

Black plate (379,1)

Maintenance and service 11-23

Rear differential gear oil

There is no rear differential gear oil level gauge. To check the rear differential gear oil level, consult your SUBARU dealer for inspection.

& Recommended grade and

viscosity

Each oil manufacturer has its own base oils and additives. Never use different brands together. For details, to “Manual front differential and rear differential gear oil” F12-8.

transmission,

refer

11

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

11-24 Maintenance and service

Power steering fluid & Checking the fluid level

The power steering fluid expands greatly as its temperature rises; the fluid level differs according to fluid temperature. Therefore, tank has two different checking ranges for hot and cold fluids.

the reservoir

Check the power steering fluid level monthly. 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface, and stop the engine.

level

the oil

2. Check the fluid level of the reservoir tank. When the fluid is hot after the vehicle has been run: Check that is between “HOT MIN” and “HOT MAX” on the surface of the reservoir tank. When the fluid is cool before the vehicle is run: Check that the oil is between “COLD MIN” and “COLD MAX” on the surface of the reservoir tank. 3. than the applicable “MIN” line, add the recom- mended fluid as necessary to bring the level between the “MIN” and “MAX” line.

the fluid level

is lower

level

If

If the fluid level is extremely low, it may indicate possible leakage. Consult your SUBARU dealer for an inspection.

Black plate (380,1)

WARNING

Be careful not because the fluid may be hot.

to burn yourself

CAUTION

. When power steering fluid is being added, use only clean fluid, and be careful not to allow any dirt into the tank. And never use different brands together.

. Be careful not

to spill power steering fluid when adding it. If power steering fluid touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If power steering fluid gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off.

& Recommended fluid Refer to “Fluids” F12-9.

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

Brake fluid & Checking the fluid level

1) 2)

“MAX” level mark “MIN” level mark

Check the fluid level monthly. Check the fluid level on the outside of the reservoir. If the level is below “MIN”, add the recommended brake fluid to “MAX”. Use only brake fluid from a sealed container.

WARNING

. Never let brake fluid contact your eyes because brake fluid can be harmful If brake fluid gets in your eyes, immedi- ately flush them thoroughly with

to your eyes.

clean water. For safety, when performing this work, wearing eye protection is advisable.

. Brake fluid absorbs moisture from the air. Any absorbed moist- ure can cause a dangerous loss of braking performance.

. If the vehicle requires frequent refilling, there may be a leak. If you suspect a problem, have the vehicle checked at your SUBARU dealer.

CAUTION

. When adding brake fluid, be care- ful not to allow any dirt into the reservoir.

. Never splash the brake fluid over painted surfaces or rubber parts. Alcohol contained in the brake fluid may damage them.

. Be careful not to spill brake fluid when adding it. If brake fluid touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If brake fluid gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off.

Black plate (381,1)

Maintenance and service 11-25

& Recommended brake fluid Refer to “Fluids” F12-9.

CAUTION

Never use different brands of brake fluid together. Also, avoid mixing DOT 3 and DOT 4 brake fluids even if they are the same brand.

11

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

11-26 Maintenance and service

Clutch fluid (MT models) & Checking the fluid level

Check the fluid level on the outside of the reservoir. If the level is below “MIN” level mark, add the recommended clutch fluid to “MAX” level mark. Use only clutch fluid from a sealed container.

WARNING

Never let clutch fluid contact your eyes because clutch fluid can be harmful to your eyes. If clutch fluid gets in your eyes, immediately flush them thoroughly with clean water. For safety, when performing this work, wearing eye protection is

advisable.

CAUTION

. Clutch fluid absorbs moisture from the air. Any absorbed moist- ure can cause improper clutch operation.

. If the vehicle requires frequent refilling, there may be a leak. If you suspect a problem, have the vehicle checked at your SUBARU dealer.

. When clutch fluid is added, be careful not to allow any dirt into the tank.

. Never splash the clutch fluid over painted surfaces or rubber parts. Alcohol contained in the clutch fluid may damage them.

. Be careful not to spill clutch fluid when adding it. If clutch fluid touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If clutch fluid gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off.

Black plate (382,1)

& Recommended clutch fluid Refer to “Fluids” F12-9.

CAUTION

Never use different brands of clutch fluid together. Also, avoid mixing DOT 3 and DOT 4 brake fluids even if they are the same brand.

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

Brake booster

If the brake booster does not operate as described in the following, have it checked by your SUBARU dealer. 1. With the engine off, depress the brake pedal several times, applying the same pedal force each time. The distance the pedal travels should not vary. 2. With the brake pedal depressed, start the engine. The pedal should move slightly down to the floor. 3. With the brake pedal depressed, stop the engine and keep the pedal depressed for 30 seconds. The pedal height should not change. 4. Start the engine again and run for approximately 1 minute then turn it off. Depress the brake pedal several times to check the brake booster. The brake booster operates properly if the pedal stroke decreases with each depression.

NOTE For models equipped with the brake assist system, when you depress the brake pedal strongly or suddenly, the following phenomena occur. However, even though these occur, they do not indicate any malfunctions, and the brake assist system is operating prop-

Black plate (383,1)

erly. . You might feel that the brake pedal is applied by lighter force and gener- ates a greater braking force. . You might hear the sound of ABS operating from the engine compart- ment.

Brake assist is not a system that brings more braking ability to the vehicle beyond its breaking capability.

Maintenance and service 11-27

Brake pedal

Check the brake pedal free play and reserve distance according to the main- tenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”.

& Checking the brake pedal

free play

11

1)

0.02 – 0.08 in (0.5 – 2.0 mm)

Stop the engine and firmly depress the brake pedal several times. Lightly pull the brake pedal up with one finger to check the free play with a force of less than 2 lbf (10 N, 1 kgf). the free play is not within proper If specification, contact your SUBARU deal- er.

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北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

11-28 Maintenance and service

& Checking the brake pedal

reserve distance

1) More than 2.56 in (65 mm)

Depress the pedal with a force of approxi- mately 66 lbf (294 N, 30 kgf) and measure the distance between the upper surface of the pedal pad and the floor. When the measurement is smaller than the specification, or when the pedal does not operate smoothly, contact with your SUBARU dealer.

Clutch pedal (MT models)

Check the clutch pedal free play and reserve distance according to the main- tenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”.

& Checking the clutch function Check the clutch engagement and disen- gagement. 1. With the engine idling, check that there are no abnormal noises when the clutch pedal is depressed, and that shifting into 1st or reverse feels smooth. 2. Start the vehicle by releasing the pedal slowly to check that the engine and transmission smoothly couple without any sign of slippage.

Black plate (384,1)

& Checking the clutch pedal

free play

1)

0.16 – 0.43 in (4.0 – 11.0 mm)

Lightly press the clutch pedal down with your finger until you feel resistance, and check the free play. If the free play is not within proper specification, contact your SUBARU deal- er.

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

Black plate (385,1)

Maintenance and service 11-29

Hill start assist system (MT models)

Replacement of brake pad and lining

result in the need for costly brake rotor repair or replacement.

the Hill start assist system the following

Ensure that operates properly under circumstances: 1. Stop the vehicle on an uphill grade by depressing the brake pedal and clutch pedal, with the engine running. 2. Make sure that the vehicle does not move backward even after the brake pedal is released. 3. Then make sure the vehicle starts climbing the grade by following the normal starting procedures.

If the Hill start assist system does not operate as described above, contact with your SUBARU dealer.

& Breaking-in of new brake

pads and linings

lightly. Repeat

When replacing the brake pad or lining, use only genuine SUBARU parts. After replacement, the new parts must be broken in as follows. ! Brake pad and lining While maintaining a speed of 30 to 40
mph (50 to 65 km/h), step on the brake pedal this five or more times. ! Parking brake lining 1. Drive the vehicle at a speed of approximately 22 mph (35 km/h). 2. With the parking brake release button pushed in, pull the parking brake lever SLOWLY and GENTLY (pulling with a force of approximately 33 lbf [147 N, 15
kgf]). 3. Drive the vehicle for approximately 220 yards (200 meters) in this condition. 4. Wait 5 to 10 minutes for the parking brake to cool down. Repeat this proce- dure. 5. Check the parking brake stroke. If the parking brake stroke is out of the specified

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北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

11

The front disc brake and the rear disc brake have audible wear indicators on the brake pads. If the brake pads wear close to their service limit, the wear indicator makes a very audible scraping noise when the brake pedal is applied.

If you hear this scraping noise each time you apply the brake pedal, have the brake pads serviced by your SUBARU dealer as soon as possible.

CAUTION

If you continue to drive despite the scraping noise from the audible brake pad wear indicator, it will

11-30 Maintenance and service

range, adjust it by turning the adjusting nut located on the parking brake lever.

Parking brake stroke

Parking brake stroke:

7 – 8 notches / 45 lbf (200 N, 20.4 kgf)

WARNING

A safe location and situation should be selected for break-in driving.

CAUTION

Pulling the parking brake lever too forcefully may cause the rear wheels to lock. To avoid this, be certain to pull the lever up slowly and gently.

Check the parking brake stroke according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. When the parking brake is properly adjusted, braking power is fully applied by pulling the lever up 7 to 8 notches gently but firmly (approximately 45 lbf [200
N, 20.4 kgf]). If the parking brake lever stroke is not within the specified range, have the brake system checked and adjusted at your SUBARU dealer.

Black plate (386,1)

Tires and wheels & Types of tires You should be familiar with type of tires present on your vehicle. The factory-fitted tires are all-season tires. ! All season tires All season tires are designed to provide an adequate measure of traction, handling and braking performance in year-round driving including snowy and icy road conditions. However all season tires do not offer as much traction performance as winter (snow) tires in heavy or loose snow or on icy roads. All season tires are identified by “ALL SEASON” and/or “M+S” (Mud & Snow) on the tire sidewall. ! Summer tires Summer tires are high-speed capability tires best suited for highway driving under dry conditions. Summer tires are inadequate for driving on slippery roads such as on snow- covered or icy roads. If you drive your vehicle on snow-covered or icy roads, we strongly recommend the use of winter (snow) tires. When installing winter tires, be sure to replace all four tires.

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

! Winter (snow) tires Winter tires are best suited for driving on snow-covered and icy roads. However winter tires do not perform as well as summer tires and all season tires on roads other than snow-covered and icy roads.

& Tire pressure monitoring

system (TPMS) (U.S.-spec. models)

The tire pressure monitoring system pro- vides the driver with a warning message by sending a signal from a sensor that is installed in each wheel when tire pressure is severely low. The tire pressure monitor- ing system will activate only when the vehicle is driven. Also, this system may not react immediately to a sudden drop in tire pressure (for example, a blow-out caused by running over a sharp object).

If you adjust the tire pressures in a warm garage and will then drive the vehicle in cold outside air, the resulting drop in tire pressures may cause the low tire pressure warning light to illuminate. To avoid this problem when adjusting the tire pressures in a warm garage, inflate the tires to pressures higher than those shown on the tire placard. Specifically, inflate them by an extra 1 psi (6.9 kPa, 0.07 kgf/cm2) for every difference of 108F (5.68C) between

the temperature in the garage and the temperature outside. By way of example, the following table shows the required tire pressures that correspond to various out- side temperatures when the temperature in the garage is 608F (15.68C). Example: Tire size: P215/65R16 96H Standard tire pressures: Front: 30 psi (210 kPa, 2.1 kgf/cm2) Rear: 29 psi (200 kPa, 2.0 kgf/cm2) Garage temperature: 608F (15.68C)

Outside

temperature

Adjusted pressure [psi (kPa, kgf/cm2)] Rear Front

308F (−18C)

108F (−128C)

−108F (−238C)

33

(230, 2.3)

35

(240, 2.4)

37

(255, 2.55)

32

(220, 2.2)

34

(235, 2.35)

36

(250, 2.5)

Example: Tire size: P225/55R17 95H Standard tire pressures: Front: 32 psi (220 kPa, 2.2 kgf/cm2) Rear: 30 psi (210 kPa, 2.1 kgf/cm2) Garage temperature: 608F (15.68C)

Black plate (387,1)

Maintenance and service 11-31

Outside

temperature

308F (−18C)

108F (−128C)

−108F (−238C)

Adjusted pressure [psi (kPa, kgf/cm2)] Front Rear 33

35

(240, 2.4)

(230, 2.3)

37

(255, 2.55)

39

(270, 2.7)

35

(240, 2.4)

37

(255, 2.55)

If the low tire pressure warning light illuminates when you drive the vehicle in cold outside air after adjusting the tire pressures in a warm garage, re-adjust the tire pressures using the method described above. Then, increase the vehicle speed to at least 20 mph (32 km/h) and check to see that the low tire pressure warning light turns off a few minutes later. If the low tire pressure warning light does not turn off, the tire pressure monitoring system may not be functioning normally. In this event, go to a SUBARU dealer to have the system inspected as soon as possible.

While the vehicle is driven, friction be- tween tires and the road surface causes the tires to warm up. After illumination of the low tire pressure warning light, any increase in the tire pressures caused by an increase in the outside air temperature or by an increase in the temperature in the

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北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

11

11-32 Maintenance and service

tires can cause the low tire pressure warning light to turn off.

System resetting is necessary when the wheels are changed (for example, a switch to snow tires) and new TPMS valves are installed on the newly fitted wheels. Have this work performed by a SUBARU dealer following wheel replace- ment.

It may not be possible to install TPMS valves on certain wheels that are on the market. Therefore, if you change the wheels (for example, a switch to snow tires), use wheels that have the same part number as the standard-equipment wheels. Without four operational TPMS valve/sensors on the wheels, the TPMS will not fully function and the warning light in the instrument panel will illuminate steadily after blinking for approximately one minute.

When a tire is replaced, adjustments are necessary to ensure continued normal operation of the tire pressure monitoring system. As with wheel replacement, there- fore, you should have the work performed by a SUBARU dealer.

Black plate (388,1)

WARNING

If the low tire pressure warning light does not illuminate briefly after the ignition switch is turned ON or the light illuminates steadily after blink- ing for approximately one minute, you should have your Tire Pressure Monitoring System checked at a SUBARU dealer as soon as possi- ble. If this light illuminates while driving, never brake suddenly and keep driving straight ahead while gradu- ally reducing speed. Then slowly pull off the road to a safe place. Otherwise an accident involving serious vehicle damage and serious personal injury could occur. If illuminates while driving after adjusting the tire pres- sure, a tire may have significant damage and a fast leak that causes the tire to lose air rapidly. If you have a flat tire, replace it with a spare tire as soon as possible. When a spare tire is mounted or a wheel rim is replaced without the original pressure sensor/transmitter being transferred, the low tire pres- sure warning light will illuminate steadily after blinking for approxi-

this light still

mately one minute. This indicates the TPMS is unable to monitor all four road wheels. Contact your SUBARU dealer as soon as possible for tire and sensor replacement and/ or system resetting. the light illuminates steadily after blinking for approximately one minute, promptly contact a SUBARU dealer to have the system inspected.

If

immedi-

& Tire inspection Check on a daily basis that the tires are free from serious damage, nails, and stones. At the same time, check the tires for abnormal wear. Contact your SUBARU dealer ately if you find any problem. NOTE . When the wheels and tires strike curbs or are subjected to harsh treat- ment as when the vehicle is driven on a rough surface, they can suffer damage that cannot be seen with the naked eye. This type of damage does not become evident until time has passed. Try not to drive over curbs, potholes or on other rough surfaces. If doing so is unavoidable, keep the vehicle’s speed down to a walking pace or less, and

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

approach the curbs as squarely as possible. Also, make sure the tires are not pressed against the curb when you park the vehicle. . If you feel unusual vibration while driving or find it difficult to steer the vehicle in a straight line, one of the tires and/or wheels may be damaged. Drive slowly to the nearest authorized SUBARU dealer and have the vehicle inspected.

& Tire pressures and wear Maintaining the correct tire pressures helps to maximize the tires’ service lives and is essential for good running perfor- mance. Check and, if necessary, adjust the pressure of each tire (including the spare) at least once a month (for example, during a fuel stop) and before any long journey.

Check the tire pressures when the tires are cold. Use a pressure gauge to adjust the tire pressures to the values shown on the tire placard. The tire placard is located on the door pillar on the driver’s side.

Driving even a short distance warms up the tires and increases the tire pressures. Also, the tire pressures are affected by the outside temperature. It is best to check tire pressure outdoors before driving the vehicle.

When a tire becomes warm, the air inside it expands, causing the tire pressure to increase. Be careful not to mistakenly release air from a warm tire to reduce its pressure.

Black plate (389,1)

Maintenance and service 11-33

NOTE . The air pressure in a tire increases by approximately 4.3 psi (30 kPa, 0.3
kgf/cm2) when the tire becomes warm. . The tires are considered cold when the vehicle has been parked for at least 3 hours or has been driven less than 1
mile (1.6 km).

WARNING

Do not let air out of warm tires to adjust pressure. Doing so will result in low tire pressure.

Incorrect tire pressures detract from con- trollability and ride comfort, and they cause the tires to wear abnormally.

11

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北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

Black plate (390,1)

11-34 Maintenance and service

. Correct evenly)

tire pressure (tread worn

. Abnormally low tire pressure (tread worn at shoulders)

. Abnormally high tire pressure (tread worn in center)

Roadholding is good, and steering is responsive. Rolling resistance is low, so fuel consumption is also lower.

Rolling resistance is high, so fuel con- sumption is also higher.

is poor. Also,

the tire Ride comfort magnifies the effects of road-surface bumps and dips, possibly resulting in vehicle damage.

If the tire placard shows tire pressures for the vehicle when fully loaded, adjust the tire pressures to the values that match current loading conditions.

WARNING

Driving at high speeds with exces- sively low tire pressures can cause the tires to deform severely and to rapidly become hot. A sharp in- crease in temperature could cause tread separation, and destruction of

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

the tires. The resulting loss of vehicle control could lead to an accident.

& Wear indicators

that

& Wheel balance Each wheel was correctly balanced when your vehicle was new, but the wheels will become unbalanced as the tires become worn during use. Wheel imbalance causes the steering wheel to vibrate slightly at certain vehicle speeds and detracts from the vehicle’s straight-line stability. It can also cause steering and suspension sys- tem problems and abnormal tire wear. If you suspect the wheels are not correctly balanced, have them checked and adjusted by your SUBARU dealer. Also have them adjusted after tire repairs and after tire rotation. NOTE Loss of correct wheel alignment* causes the tires to wear on one side and reduces the vehicle’s running stability. Contact your SUBARU dealer if you notice abnormal tire wear. *: The suspension system is designed to hold each wheel at a certain alignment (relative to the other wheels and to the road) for optimum straight-line stability and cornering perfor- mance.

1) New tread 2) Worn tread 3)

Tread wear indicator

Each tire incorporates a tread wear indicator, which becomes visible when the depth of the tread grooves decreases to 0.063 in (1.6 mm). A tire must be replaced when the tread wear indicator appears as a solid band across the tread.

WARNING

When a tire’s tread wear indicator becomes visible, the tire is worn beyond the acceptable limit and must be replaced immediately. With a tire in this condition, driving at high speeds in wet weather can

Black plate (391,1)

Maintenance and service 11-35

cause the vehicle to hydroplane. The resulting loss of vehicle control can lead to an accident.

NOTE For safety, inspect tire tread regularly and replace the tires before their tread wear indicators become visible.

& Tire rotation direction mark

11

Example of tire rotation direction mark 1)

Front

the tire has the rotation direction the tire rotation direction

If specification, mark is placed on its sidewall.

When you install a tire that has the tire rotation direction mark, install the tire with – CONTINUED –

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

11-36 Maintenance and service

the direction mark facing forward.

& Tire rotation

Models equipped with 4 non-unidirectional tires 1)

Front

Models equipped with unidirectional tires 1)

Front

Tire wear varies from wheel to wheel. To maximize the life of each tire and ensure that the tires wear uniformly, it is best to rotate the tires every 7,500 miles (12,000
km). Move the tires to the positions shown in the illustration each time they are rotated.

the time of

Replace any damaged or unevenly worn tires at tire rotation, adjust the tires pressures and make sure the wheel nuts are correctly tightened.

rotation. After

After driving approximately 600 miles (1,000 km), check the wheel nuts again and retighten any nut that has become loose.

Black plate (392,1)

& Tire replacement The wheels and tires are important and integral parts of your vehicle’s design; they cannot be changed arbitrarily. The tires fitted as standard equipment are optimally matched to the characteristics of the vehicle and were selected to give the best possible combination of running performance, ride comfort, and service life. It is essential for every tire to have a size and construction matching those shown on the tire placard and to have a speed symbol and load index matching those shown on the tire placard.

Using tires of a non-specified size detracts from controllability, ride comfort, braking performance, speedometer accuracy and odometer accuracy. It also creates incor- rect body-to-tire clearances and inappro- priately changes the vehicle’s ground clearance.

All four tires must be the same in terms of manufacturer, brand (tread pattern), con- struction, and size. You are advised to replace the tires with new ones that are identical to those fitted as standard equip- ment.

For safe vehicle operation, SUBARU recommends replacing all tires at the same time.

four

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

WARNING

WARNING

. All four tires must be the same in terms of manufacturer, brand (tread pattern), construction, de- gree of wear, speed symbol, load index and size. Mixing tires of different types, sizes or degrees of wear can result in damage to vehicle’s powertrain. Use of dif- ferent types or sizes of tires can also dangerously reduce con- trollability and braking perfor- mance and can lead to an acci- dent.

. Use only radial tires. Do not use radial tires together with belted bias tires and/or bias-ply tires. Doing so can dangerously re- duce controllability, resulting in an accident.

Use only those wheels that are specified for your vehicle. Wheels not meeting specifications could interfere with brake caliper opera- tion and may cause the tires to rub against the wheel well housing dur- ing turns. The resulting loss of vehicle control could lead to an accident.

NOTE When any of the wheels are removed and replaced for tire rotation or to change a flat tire, always check the tightness of the wheel nuts after driv- ing approximately 600 miles (1,000 km). If any nut is loose, tighten it to the specified torque.

& Wheel replacement When replacing wheels due, for example, to damage, make sure the replacement wheels match the specifications of the wheels that are fitted as standard equip- ment. Replacement wheels are available from SUBARU dealers.

Black plate (393,1)

Maintenance and service 11-37

& Wheel covers (if equipped) ! Removing the wheel cover

1) Notch 2) Valve hole

Insert a wheel cover remover into the notch part on the opposite side of the valve hole and pry the wheel cover to remove it.

11

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北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

Black plate (394,1)

11-38 Maintenance and service

! Installing the wheel cover

Aluminum wheels

Windshield washer fluid

Aluminum wheels can be scratched and damaged easily. Handle them carefully to maintain their appearance, performance, and safety. . When any of the wheels are removed and replaced for tire rotation or to change a flat tire, always check the tightness of the wheel nuts after driving approximately 600 miles (1,000 km). If any nut is loose, tighten it to the specified torque. . Never apply oil to the threaded parts, wheel nuts, or the wheel. . Never let the wheel rub against sharp protrusions or curbs. . When wheel nuts, balance weights, or the center cap is replaced, be sure to replace them with genuine SUBARU parts designed for aluminum wheels.

tapered surface of

If you spray washer fluid on the windshield but the supply of washer fluid appears to diminish, check the level of washer fluid in the tank.

Align the valve with the valve hole in the cover, then fit the cover on the wheel by tapping your hand evenly around the circumference of the cover.

北米Model "A8160BE-B" EDITED: 2010/ 10/ 14

level gauge or the “FULL” mark on the tank. Use windshield washer fluid. If windshield washer fluid is unavailable use clean water. In areas where water freezes in winter, use an anti-freeze type windshield washer fluid. SUBARU Windshield Washer Fluid contains 58.5% methyl alcohol and 41.5% surfactant, by volume. Its freezing tem- perature varies according to how much it is diluted, as indicated in the following table.

Washer Fluid Concentration

30%

50%