1999 Nissan Frontier Owners Manual

before operating the vehicle. For details, see ‘‘Changing engine coolant’’ in the ‘‘Do- it-yourself’’ section of this manual. Tire equipment 1. SUMMER tires have a tread designed to provide superior performance on dry pavement. However, the performance of these tires will be substantially reduced in snowy and icy conditions. If you oper- ate your vehicle on snowy or icy roads, NISSAN recommends the use on all four wheels of MUD & SNOW or ALL SEA- SON tires. Please consult your NISSAN dealer for the tire type, size, speed rating and availability information.

2. For additional traction on icy roads, stud- ded tires may be used. However, some U.S. states and Canadian provinces pro- hibit their use. Check local, state and provincial laws before installing studded tires.

Skid and traction capabilities of studded snow tires on wet or dry surfaces may be poorer than that of non-studded snow tires. 3. Tire chains may be used. Use of

tire chains may be prohibited according to

location. Check the local laws before installing tire chains. When installing tire chains, make sure they are of proper size for the tires on your vehicle and are installed according to the chain manufac- turer’s suggestions. Use only SAE Class ‘‘S’’ chains. Other types may damage your vehicle. Use chain tension- ers when recommended by the tire chain manufacturer to ensure a tight fit. Loose end links of the tire chain must be se- cured or removed to prevent the possi- bility of whipping action damage to the fenders or undercarriage. If possible, avoid fully loading your vehicle when using tire chains. In addition, drive at a reduced speed, otherwise, your vehicle may be damaged and/or vehicle handling and performance may be adversely af- fected. Never install tire chains on a TEMPORARY USE ONLY spare tire. Do not use tire chains on dry roads.

Special winter equipment It is recommended that the following items be carried in the vehicle during winter: 1. A scraper and stiff-bristled brush to re- move ice and snow from the windows and wiper blades.

2. A sturdy, flat board to be placed under

the jack to give it firm support.

3. A shovel to dig the vehicle out of snow-

drifts.

4. Extra window washer fluid to refill the

reservoir tank.

Driving on snow or ice

WARNING

I Wet ice (32°F, 0°C and freezing rain), very cold snow, or ice can be slick and very hard to drive on. The ve- hicle will have a lot less traction or ‘‘grip’’ under these conditions. Try to avoid driving on wet ice until the road is salted or sanded.

I Whatever the condition, drive with caution. Accelerate and slow down with care. If accelerating or down- shifting too fast, the drive wheels will lose even more traction.

I Allow more stopping distance under these conditions. Braking should be started sooner than on dry pavement. I Allow greater following distances on

slippery roads.

Starting and driving 5-31

Z X

I Watch for slippery spots (glare ice). These may appear on an otherwise clear road in shaded areas. If a patch of ice is seen ahead, brake before reaching it. Try not to brake while actually on the ice, and avoid any sudden steering maneuvers.

I Do not use the cruise control on

slippery roads.

I Snow can trap dangerous exhaust gases under your vehicle. Keep snow clear of the exhaust pipe and from around your vehicle.

Engine block heater (if so equipped) An engine block heater to assist extreme cold temperature starting is available through an authorized NISSAN dealer.

WARNING

Do not use your heater with an un- grounded electrical system or two- pronged (cheater) adapters. You can be injured by an electrical shock if you use an ungrounded connection.

5-32 Starting and driving

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6 In case of emergency

Flat tire ...................................................................6-2
Pantograph type jack .............................................6-5
Jump starting ..........................................................6-8
Push starting...........................................................6-9
If your vehicle overheats ......................................6-10

Tow truck towing ..................................................6-11
Two-wheel drive models ......................................6-12
Four-wheel drive models......................................6-12
Vehicle recovery (freeing a stuck vehicle) ...........6-13

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FLAT TIRE

If you have a flat tire, follow the instructions below: Stopping the vehicle 1. Safely move the vehicle off the road and

away from traffic.

2. Turn on the hazard warning flashers. 3. Park on a level surface and apply the parking brake. Shift the manual transmis- sion into R (Reverse), or the automatic transmission into P (Park).

WARNING

The transfer control

lever must be in the 2H, 4H or 4L position. I Never place the transfer control lever in the N (Neutral) position. Other- wise, the vehicle could roll unexpect- edly even if the manual transmission is in gear or the automatic transmis- sion is in the P (Park) position. This could result in serious personal in- jury or property damage.

4. Turn off the engine. 5. Raise the hood to warn other traffic and to signal professional road assistance

6-2 In case of emergency

personnel that you require assistance.

6. Have all passengers get out of the ve- hicle and stand in a safe place away from traffic and clear of the vehicle.

WARNING

I Make sure that the parking brake is securely applied and the manual transmission is shifted into R (Re- verse), or the automatic transmis- sion into P (Park).

I Never change tires when the vehicle is on a slope, ice or a slippery area. This is hazardous.

I Never change tires if oncoming traf- fic is close to your vehicle. Wait for professional road assistance.

MCE0001

Blocking wheels Place suitable blocks at both the front and back of the wheel diagonally opposite the flat tire to prevent the vehicle from rolling when it is jacked up.

WARNING

Be sure to block the wheel as the ve- hicle may move and could cause per- sonal injury.

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ACE1017

ACE1010

ACE1024

Getting the spare tire and tools 1. For King Cab models:

a. Move the driver’s seat back fully for-

ward.

b. Remove the jack and wheel nut wrench from the tool case from be- hind the driver’s seat.

c. Remove the jack rod from behind the

driver’s seat.

For standard cab models: a. Move the bench seat back fully for-

ward.

b. Remove the jack, jack rod, and wheel nut wrench from behind the driver’s side of the bench seat.

2. Fit the square end of the jack rod into the square hole of the wheel nut wrench to form a handle.

3. Find the oval shaped opening under the middle of the tailgate. Pass the T-shaped end of the jack rod through the opening and direct it towards the spare tire winch, located directly above the spare tire.

4. Seat the T-shaped end of the jack rod into the T-shaped opening of the spare tire winch, and turn the jack rod counter- clockwise to lower the spare tire.

5. Once the spare tire is completely low- ered, reach under the vehicle, remove the retainer chain, and carefully slide the tire from under the rear of the vehicle.

In case of emergency 6-3

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Removing wheel cover

CAUTION

Do not use your hands to pry off wheel covers. Doing so could result in per- sonal injury.

Use caution not to scratch the wheel cover or wheel surface.

CE0047M

ACE1011

6-4 In case of emergency

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PANTOGRAPH TYPE JACK

Jacking up the vehicle and remov- ing the wheel Always refer to the proper illustrations for the correct placement and jack-up points for your specific vehicle model and jack type.

I Never jack up the vehicle more than

necessary.

I Never use blocks on or under the

jack.

I Do not allow passengers to stay in

the vehicle while it is on the jack.

I Never run the engine with the wheels off the ground. It may cause the vehicle to move. This is especially true for vehicles with limited slip differential carriers.

ACE1028

WARNING

I Never get under the vehicle while it

is supported only by the jack.

I Use the jack provided with your ve- hicle. Do not use the jack provided with your vehicle on other vehicles. I The jack is designed only for lifting

your vehicle during a tire change.

I Use the correct jack up points; never use any other part of the vehicle for jack support.

In case of emergency 6-5

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6-6 In case of emergency

ACE1027

CE0116

WARNING

I Incorrect wheel nuts or improperly tightened wheel nuts can cause the wheel to become loose or come off. This could cause an accident.

I Do not use oil or grease on the wheel studs or nuts. This could cause the nuts to become loose.

Installing the spare tire The spare tire is designed for emergency use. See specific instructions under the heading ‘‘Wheels and tires’’ in the ‘‘Do-

Z X

it-yourself’’ section of manual. 1. Clean any mud or dirt from the surface

this owner’s

between the wheel and hub.

2. Carefully put the spare tire on and tighten

the wheel nuts finger tight.

3. With the wheel nut wrench, tighten the wheel nuts alternately and evenly until they are tight.

4. Lower the vehicle slowly until

the tire touches the ground. Then, with the wheel nut wrench, tighten the wheel nuts se- curely in the sequence as illustrated. Lower the vehicle completely.

As soon as possible, tighten the wheel nuts to the specified torque with a torque wrench. Wheel nut tightening torque:

87 to 108 ft-lb (118 to 147 N(cid:215) m)

The wheel nuts must be kept tightened to specification at all times. It is recom- mended that wheel nuts be tightened to specification at each lubrication interval. Adjust tire pressure to the COLD pres- sure.

COLD pressure: After vehicle has been parked for three hours or more or driven less than 1 mile (1.6 km). COLD tire pressures are shown on the tire placard affixed to the inside of the glove box lid. I Retighten the wheel nuts when the vehicle has been run for 600 miles (965 km).

5. Securely store the flat tire and jacking

equipment in the vehicle.

WARNING

I Always make sure that the spare tire and jacking equipment are properly secured after use. Such items can become dangerous projectiles in an accident or sudden stop.

I The spare tire is designed for emer- gency use. See specific instructions under the heading ‘‘Wheels and tires’’ in the ‘‘Do-it-yourself’’ section of this manual.

In case of emergency 6-7

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JUMP STARTING

To start your engine with a booster battery, the instructions and precautions below must be followed.

WARNING

I If done incorrectly, jump starting can lead to a battery explosion, resulting in severe injury or death. It could also damage your vehicle.

I Explosive hydrogen gas is always present in the vicinity of the battery. Keep all sparks and flames away from the battery.

I Do not allow battery fluid to come into contact with eyes, skin, cloth or painted surfaces. Battery fluid is a corrosive sulphuric acid solution which can cause severe burns. If the fluid should come into contact with anything, immediately flush the con- tacted area with water.

I Keep battery out of the reach of

children.

I The booster battery must be rated at 12 volts. Use of an improperly rated battery can damage your vehicle.

6-8 In case of emergency

I Whenever working on or near a bat- tery, always wear suitable eye pro- tectors (e.g., goggles or industrial safety spectacles) and remove rings, metal bands, or any other jewelry. Do not lean over the battery when jump starting.

I Do not attempt to jump start a frozen battery. It could explode and cause serious injury.

Always follow the instructions ex- actly. Failure to do so could result in damage to the charging system and cause personal injury.

ACE1018

1. If the booster battery is in another vehicle, position the two vehicles to bring their batteries into close proximity to each other. Do not allow the two vehicles to touch. 2. Apply the parking brake. Move the shift selector lever to N (Neutral) (on auto- matic transmission models, move the lever to P (Park)). Switch off all unneces- sary electrical systems (lights, heater, air conditioner, etc.).

3. Remove vent caps on the battery (if so equipped). Cover the battery with an old cloth to reduce explosion hazard.

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7. After starting your engine, carefully dis- connect the negative cable and then the positive cable.

8. Replace the vent caps (if so equipped). Be sure to dispose of the cloth used to cover the vent holes as it may be con- taminated with corrosive acid.

PUSH STARTING

CAUTION

I Automatic transmission models can- not be started by pushing. This may cause transmission damage.

I Three-way catalyst equipped models should not be started by pushing since the three-way catalyst may be damaged.

I Never try to start the vehicle by tow- ing it. When the engine starts, the forward surge could cause the ve- hicle to collide with the tow vehicle.

4. Connect jumper cables in the sequence

as illustrated.

CAUTION

I Always connect positive (+) to posi- tive (+) and negative (−) to body ground (e.g., strut mounting bolt, etc.—not to the battery).

I Make sure that cables do not touch moving parts in the engine compart- ment and that clamps do not contact any other metal.

5. Start the engine of the booster vehicle

and let it run for a few minutes.

6. Keep the engine speed of the booster vehicle at about 2,000 r/min, and start the engine of the vehicle being jump started.

CAUTION

Do not keep the starter motor engaged for more than 10 seconds. If the engine does not start right away, turn the key off and wait 3 to 4 seconds before trying again.

In case of emergency 6-9

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IF YOUR VEHICLE OVERHEATS

If your vehicle is overheating (indicated by an extremely high temperature gauge read- ing), or if you feel a lack of engine power, or detect abnormal noise, etc., take the follow- ing steps:

WARNING

I Do not continue to drive if your ve- hicle overheats. Doing so could cause a vehicle fire.

I To avoid the danger of being scalded, never remove the radiator cap while the engine is still hot. When the radiator cap is removed, pressurized hot water will spurt out, possibly causing serious injury.

I Do not open the hood if steam is

coming out.

1. Move the vehicle safely off

the road, apply the parking brake and move the gearshift lever to N (Neutral), or the au- tomatic transmission into P (Park). Do not stop the engine.

2. Turn off

the air conditioner

(if so equipped). Open all of the windows, move the heater or air conditioner tem-

WARNING

I Be careful not to allow your hands, hair, jewelry or clothing to come into contact with, or to get caught in, the running fan or belts.

7. After the engine cools down, check the coolant level in the reservoir tank with the engine running. Add coolant to the reser- voir tank if necessary. Have your vehicle repaired at an authorized NISSAN dealer.

perature control to maximum hot and fan control to high speed.

3. If engine overheating is caused by climb- ing a long hill on a hot day, run the engine at a fast idle (approximately 1,500 r/min) until the temperature gauge indicator re- turns to normal.

4. Get out of the vehicle. Look and listen for steam or coolant escaping from the ra- diator before opening the hood. Wait until no steam or coolant can be seen before proceeding.

5. Open the hood.

WARNING

If steam or water is coming from the engine, stand clear to prevent getting burned.

6. Visually check drive belts for damage or looseness. Also check if the cooling fan is running. The radiator hoses and radiator should not leak water. If coolant is leak- ing, or the water pump belt is missing or loose, or the cooling fan does not run, stop the engine.

6-10 In case of emergency

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TOW TRUCK TOWING

Incorrect

When towing your vehicle, U.S. States, Ca- nadian provinces and local regulations for towing must be followed. towing equipment could damage your vehicle. Tow- ing instructions are available from an autho- rized NISSAN dealer. Local service operators are generally familiar with the applicable laws and procedures for towing. To assure proper towing and to prevent accidental damage to your vehicle, NISSAN recommends having a service operator tow your vehicle. It is advis- able to have the service operator carefully read the following precautions:

I Never ride in a vehicle that is being

WARNING

towed.

I Never get under your vehicle after it

has been lifted by a tow truck.

CAUTION

I When towing, make sure that the transmission, axles, steering system and powertrain are in working con- dition. If any unit is damaged, a dolly must be used.

I When towing with the front wheels

on the ground: Turn the ignition key to the OFF position and secure the steering wheel in a straight-ahead position with a rope or similar device. Never place the ignition key in the LOCK position. This will result in damage to the steering lock mechanism.

Move the transfer case shift lever into the 2H position and the trans- mission shift lever into the N (Neu- tral) position.

I Attach safety chains for all towing.

I When towing with the rear wheels on

the ground: Release the parking brake and move the gearshift lever to the N (Neutral) position. On automatic transmission models, to move the shift lever to N (Neutral), turn the ignition key to the ACC po- sition. After moving the shift lever to N (neutral), be sure to turn the igni- tion key to the OFF position. I For four-wheel drive models:

Set the free-running hubs to the free position. See ‘‘ Auto-lock free- running hubs” or ‘‘ Manual-lock free-running hubs” as appropriate in the ‘‘Starting and driving’’ section.

In case of emergency 6-11

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CAUTION

If you have to tow your vehicle with four wheels on the ground or with front wheels raised (with rear wheels on the ground), observe the following re- stricted towing speeds and distances: Automatic transmission model: I Speed: Below 30 MPH (48 km/h) I Distance: Less than 40 miles (64 km) Manual transmission model: I Speed: Below 60 MPH (97 km/h) I Distance: Less than 500 miles (805

km)

If the speed or distance must necessarily be greater, remove the propeller shaft before- hand to prevent damage to the transmis- sion.

CAUTION

Never tow your vehicle from the rear (i.e., backward) with four wheels on the ground, as this may cause serious and expensive damage to the transmission.

ACE1019

TWO-WHEEL DRIVE MODELS NISSAN recommends that your vehicle be towed with the driving (rear) wheels off the ground as illustrated.

6-12 In case of emergency

ACE0705

FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE MODELS NISSAN recommends that a dolly be used as illustrated when towing your vehicle.

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CAUTION

If you have to tow your vehicle with four wheels on the ground or with front or rear wheels raised, observe the follow- ing restricted towing speeds and dis- tances: I Speed: Below 60 MPH (97 km/h) I Distance: Less than 500 miles (805

km)

If the speed or distance must necessarily be greater, remove the front and rear propeller shafts beforehand to prevent damage to the transmission.

CAUTION

I Never tow your vehicle from the rear (i.e., backward) with four wheels on the ground as this may cause seri- ous and expensive damage to the transmission.

I Be sure to place the transfer case shift lever into the 2H position and the transmission shift lever into the N (Neutral) position.

VEHICLE RECOVERY (freeing a stuck vehicle) I Tow chains or cables must be attached only to the main structural members of the vehicle.

I Pulling devices should be routed so they do not touch any part of the suspension, steering, brake or cooling systems.

I Always pull the cable straight out from the front or rear of the vehicle. Never pull the vehicle at an angle.

I Pulling devices such as ropes or canvas straps are not recommended for use in vehicle towing or recovery.

I Stand clear of a stuck vehicle.

WARNING

Do not spin your tires at high speed. This could cause them to explode and result in serious injury. Parts of your vehicle could also overheat and be damaged.

In case of emergency 6-13

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MEMO

6-14 In case of emergency

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7 Appearance and care

Cleaning exterior and interior.................................7-2

Corrosion protection...............................................7-4

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CLEANING EXTERIOR AND INTERIOR

MAI0001

In order to maintain the appearance of your vehicle, it is important to take proper care of it. In the following cases, please wash your vehicle as soon as possible to protect the paint surface: I after a rainfall to prevent possible dam-

age from acid rain.

I after driving on coastal roads. I when contaminants such as soot, bird droppings, tree sap, metal particles or bugs get on the paint surface.

7-2 Appearance and care

I when dust or mud builds up on the

surface.

Whenever possible, store or park your ve- hicle inside a garage or in a covered area. When it is necessary to park outside, park in a shady area or protect the vehicle with a body cover. Be careful not to scratch the paint sur- face when putting on or removing the body cover. Washing Wash dirt off with a wet sponge and plenty of water. Clean the vehicle thoroughly using a mild soap, a special vehicle soap or general purpose dishwashing liquid mixed with clean, lukewarm (never hot) water.

CAUTION

I Do not use strong household soap, strong chemical detergents, gaso- line or solvents.

I Do not wash the vehicle in direct sunlight or while the vehicle body is hot, as the surface may become water-spotted.

I Avoid using tight-napped or rough cloths such as washing mitts. Care must be taken when removing caked-on dirt or other foreign sub- stances so the paint surface is not scratched or damaged.

Rinse the vehicle thoroughly with plenty of clean water. Inside flanges, seams and folds on the doors, hatches and hood are particularly vulnerable to the effects of road salt. There- fore, these areas must be regularly cleaned. Take care that the drain holes in the lower edge of the door are open. Spray water under the body and in the wheel wells to loosen the dirt and wash away road salt. A damp chamois can be used to dry the vehicle to avoid water spots. Waxing Regular waxing protects the paint surface and helps retain new vehicle appearance. After waxing, polishing is recommended to remove built-up residue and to avoid a ‘‘weathered’’ appearance. An authorized NISSAN dealer can assist

Z X

you in choosing the proper product. I Wax your vehicle only after a thorough washing. Follow the instructions sup- plied with the wax.

I Do not use a wax containing any abra- sives, cutting compounds or cleaners that may damage the vehicle finish.

I If the surface does not polish easily, use

a ‘‘road tar’’ remover and wax again.

or

black

urethane

Machine compounding or aggressive pol- ishing on a base coat/clear coat paint finish may dull the finish or leave swirl marks. Only apply black wax or black shoe polish to the polypropylene bumper. Removing spots Remove tar and oil spots, industrial dust, insects and tree sap as quickly as possible from the surface of the paint to avoid per- manent damage or staining. Special clean- ing products are available at an authorized NISSAN dealer or any automotive accesso- ries store. Underbody In areas where road salt is used in winter, it

is necessary to clean the underbody regu- larly in order to prevent dirt and salt from building up and causing corrosion on the underbody and suspension. Before the win- ter period and again in the spring, the underseal must be checked and, if neces- sary, retreated. Cleaning glass Use glass cleaner to remove smoke and dust film from the glass surfaces. It is nor- mal for glass to be coated with a film after the vehicle is parked in the hot sun. Glass cleaner and a soft cloth easily remove this film.

CAUTION

When cleaning the inside of the win- dow, do not use any sharp-edged tools or abrasive cleaners or chlorine-based disinfectant cleaners. They could dam- age the electrical conductors, radio an- tenna elements or rear window defog- ger elements.

Cleaning aluminum alloy wheels Wash regularly, especially during winter months in areas where road salt is used.

Salt could discolor the wheel if not removed. Chrome parts Clean all chrome parts regularly with a non-abrasive chrome polish to maintain the finish. Cleaning interior Occasionally remove loose dust from the interior trim, plastic parts and seats using a vacuum cleaner or soft brush. Wipe the vinyl and leather surfaces with a clean, soft cloth dampened in mild soap solution, then wipe clean with a dry soft cloth. Before using any fabric protector, read the manu- facturer’s recommendations. Some fabric protectors contain chemicals that stain or bleach the seat material.

CAUTION

I Never use benzine, thinner or any

similar material.

I Never use fabric protectors unless recommended by the manufacturer.

Appearance and care 7-3

Z X

Floor mats The use of genuine NISSAN floor mats can extend the life of your vehicle carpet and make it easier to clean the interior. No matter what mats are used, be sure they are fitted for your vehicle and are prop- erly positioned in the footwell to prevent interference with pedal operation. Mats should be maintained with regular cleaning and replaced if they become excessively worn. Seat belts The seat belts can be cleaned by wiping them with a sponge dampened in a mild soap solution. Allow the belts to dry com- pletely before using them.

WARNING

Do not allow wet belts to roll up in the retractor. NEVER use bleach, dye or chemical solvents since these may se- verely weaken the seat belt webbing.

CORROSION PROTECTION

Most common factors contributing to vehicle corrosion. 1. The accumulation of moisture-retaining dirt and debris in body panel sections, cavities, and other areas.

2. Damage to paint and other protective coatings caused by gravel and stone chips or minor traffic accidents.

Environmental factors influence the rate of corrosion. Moisture The accumulation of sand, dirt and water on the underside of the body accelerates cor- rosion. Floor sections which have snow and ice trapped under the floor matting will not dry. Relative humidity Corrosion will be accelerated: I in areas of high relative humidity. I in areas where the temperatures stay

above freezing.

I where atmospheric pollution exists. I where road salt is used.

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AAI0500

Floor mat positioning aid (Driver side only) Some models include a floor mat pin to act as a floor mat positioning aid. NISSAN floor mats have been specially designed for your vehicle model. The driver’s side floor mat has a grommet hole incorporated in it. Po- sition the mat by placing the floor mat pin through the floor mat grommet hole while centering the mat in the footwell. Periodi- cally check to make certain that the mats are properly positioned.

7-4 Appearance and care

Temperature A temperature increase accelerates the rate of corrosion to those parts which are not well ventilated. Air pollution Industrial pollution, the presence of salt in the air in coastal areas, or heavy road salt use will accelerate the corrosion process. Road salt will also accelerate the disintegra- tion of paint surfaces. To protect your vehicle from corro- sion: I wash and wax your vehicle often to keep

the vehicle clean.

I always check for minor damage to the paint and repair it as soon as possible. I keep drain holes at the bottom of the doors and tailgate open to avoid water accumulation.

I check the underbody and inside the pick-up box. If any sand, dirt or salt is accumulated, wash it off with water as soon as possible.

CAUTION

I NEVER remove dirt, sand or other debris from the passenger compart- ment by washing with a hose. Re- move dirt with a vacuum cleaner or broom.

I Never allow water or other liquids to come in contact with electronic com- ponents inside the vehicle.

Chemicals used for road surface de-icing are extremely corrosive. They accelerate corrosion and deterioration of underbody components such as the exhaust system, fuel and brake lines, brake cables, floor pan and fenders. In winter, cleaned periodically. For additional protection against rust and corrosion, which may be required in some areas, consult an authorized NISSAN dealer.

the underbody must be

Appearance and care 7-5

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MEMO

7-6 Appearance and care

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8 Do-it-yourself

Maintenance precautions .......................................8-2
Engine compartment check locations ....................8-3
Engine cooling system ...........................................8-5
Checking engine coolant level ...............................8-5
Changing engine coolant .......................................8-6
Engine oil ...............................................................8-9
Checking engine oil level .......................................8-9
Changing engine oil .............................................8-10
Changing engine oil filter .....................................8-12
Automatic transmission fluid (atf).........................8-13
Temperature conditions for checking atf..............8-13
Power steering fluid..............................................8-14
Brake and clutch fluid...........................................8-15
Window washer fluid ............................................8-15
Battery ..................................................................8-16
Jump starting ........................................................8-17
Drive belts ............................................................8-18

Spark plug replacement .......................................8-19
Air cleaner housing filter ......................................8-21
Wiper blades ........................................................8-23
Parking brake check.............................................8-24
Brake pedal ..........................................................8-24
Brake booster.......................................................8-25
Clutch pedal .........................................................8-26
Fuses....................................................................8-27
Light bulbs ............................................................8-28
Headlights ............................................................8-28
Bulb replacement .................................................8-29
Front fog light bulb replacement (if so equipped) .............................................................8-31
Wheels and tires...................................................8-32
Four-wheel drive models......................................8-35
Clutch housing .....................................................8-37

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MAINTENANCE PRECAUTIONS

When performing any inspection or mainte- nance work on your vehicle, always take care to prevent serious accidental injury to yourself or damage to the vehicle. The following are general precautions which should be closely observed.

WARNING

I Park the vehicle on a level surface, apply the parking brake securely and block the wheels to prevent the ve- hicle from moving. For a manual transmission, move the shift lever to N (Neutral). For an automatic trans- mission, move the shift lever to P (Park).

I Be sure the ignition key is OFF when performing any parts replacement or repairs.

I If you must work with the engine running, keep your hands, clothing, hair and tools away from moving fans, belts, and any other moving parts.

I It is advisable to remove ties and any jewelry, such as rings, watches, etc., before working on your vehicle.

8-2 Do-it-yourself

I Always wear eye protection when-

ever you work on your vehicle.

I If you must run the engine in an enclosed space such as a garage, be sure there is proper ventilation for exhaust gases.

I Never get under the vehicle while it is supported only by a jack. If it is necessary to work under the vehicle, support it with safety stands.

I Keep smoking materials, flame and sparks away from fuel and battery. I On gasoline engine models with the Injection (MFI) sys- Multiport Fuel tem, filter or lines the fuel should be serviced by an authorized NISSAN dealer because the fuel lines are under high pressure even when the engine is off.

fuel

CAUTION

I Do not work under the hood while the engine is hot. Turn the engine off and wait until it cools down.

I Never connect or disconnect either the battery or any transistorized component connector while the igni- tion is on.

disposed motor

I Avoid contact with used motor oil. Improperly oil and/or other vehicle fluids can hurt the environment. Always conform to local regulations for disposal of ve- hicle fluid.

This ‘‘Do-it-yourself’’ section gives instruc- tions regarding only those items which are relatively easy for an owner to perform. You should be aware that incomplete or improper servicing may result in operating difficulties or excessive emissions, and could affect your warranty coverage. If in doubt about any servicing, have it done by an authorized NISSAN dealer.

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ENGINE COMPARTMENT CHECK LOCATIONS

ADI1051

Do-it-yourself

8-3

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8-4 Do-it-yourself

ADI1052

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WARNING

I Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Wait until the en- gine and radiator cool down. Serious burns could be caused by high pres- sure fluid escaping from the radiator. See precautions in ‘‘If your vehicle overheats’’ found in the ‘‘In case of emergency’’ section of this manual. I The radiator is equipped with a pres- sure cap. Use only a genuine NIS- SAN cap as it’s replacement.

ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM

The engine cooling system is filled at the factory with a high-quality, year-round, genuine NISSAN anti-freeze coolant solu- tion. The anti-freeze solution contains rust and corrosion inhibitors, therefore additional engine cooling system additives are not necessary.

CAUTION

When adding or replacing coolant, be sure to use only a genuine NISSAN anti-freeze coolant or equivalent with the proper mixture ratio of 50% anti- freeze and 50% demineralized water or distilled water. The use of other types of coolant solutions may damage the engine cooling system.

Outside tempera- ture down to

°C

−35

°F

−30

Genuine Nissan Anti- freeze coolant or equivalent

Deminer- alized water or Distilled water

50%

50%

ADI1026

CHECKING ENGINE COOLANT LEVEL Check the coolant level in the reservoir tank when the engine is cold. If the coolant level is below the MIN level, add coolant to the MAX level. If the reservoir tank is empty, check the coolant level in the radiator when the engine is cold. If there is insufficient coolant in the radiator, fill the radiator with coolant up to the filler opening and also add it to the reservoir tank up to the MAX level.

Do-it-yourself

8-5

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If the cooling system frequently requires coolant, have it checked by an autho- rized NISSAN dealer.

5. See ‘‘Capacities and recommended fuel/lubricants’’ in the ‘‘Technical and consumer information’’ section for cool- ing system capacity. Fill the radiator slowly with the proper mixture of coolant and water. Fill the reservoir tank slowly up to the MAX level.

CHANGING ENGINE COOLANT I Major cooling system repairs should be performed by an authorized NISSAN dealer. The service procedures can be found in the appropriate NISSAN Ser- vice Manual.

I Improper servicing can result in reduced heater performance and engine over- heating.

WARNING

I To avoid the danger of being scalded, never change the coolant when the engine is hot.

I Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could be caused by high pressure fluid escaping from the radiator.

1. Open the radiator drain valve. Open the

drain plugs on the engine block.

2. Open the radiator cap to drain the coolant. 3. Flush the cooling system by running

fresh water through the radiator.

4. Close the radiator drain valve and drain

plug on the engine block securely.

8-6 Do-it-yourself

Z X

ADI1113

ADI1054

6. Remove the splash shield.

I Remove the six push pins. I Remove the six bolts and the splash

shield.

7. Open and close the air release plug to release air. Then fill the radiator again and install the radiator cap.

ADI1053

Do-it-yourself

8-7

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ADI1055

ADI1056

ADI1057

8. Start the engine and warm it up until it reaches normal operating temperature. Then race the engine two or three times under no load. Watch the engine coolant temperature gauge for signs of overheat- ing.

9. Stop the engine. After it completely cools down, refill the radiator up to the filler opening. Fill the reservoir tank up the MAX level.

10. Open and close the air release plug to release air. Then fill the radiator again and install the radiator cap.

8-8 Do-it-yourself

Z X

ENGINE OIL

ADI1058

ADI1059

ADI1060

11. Check the drain valve on the radiator and drain plugs on the engine block for any sign of leakage.

CHECKING ENGINE OIL LEVEL 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and

apply the parking brake.

2. Start the engine and let it idle until

reaches operating temperature.

it

3. Turn off the engine. Wait a few minutes for the oil to drain back into the oil pan.

4. Remove the dipstick and wipe it clean.

Reinsert it all the way.

Do-it-yourself

8-9

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ADI1061

ADI1062

ADI1063

level.

5. Remove the dipstick again and check the oil It should be between the H (High) and L (Low) marks. If the oil level is below the L (Low) mark, remove the oil filler cap and pour recommended oil through the opening. Do not overfill.

6. Recheck oil level with dipstick. It is normal to add some oil between oil maintenance intervals or during the break-in period, depending on the sever- ity of operating conditions.

CAUTION

Oil level should be checked regularly. Operating with insufficient amount of oil can damage the engine, and such damage is not covered by warranty.

8-10 Do-it-yourself

CHANGING ENGINE OIL 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and

apply the parking brake.

2. Start

the engine and let

it reaches operating temperature, and then turn it off.

idle until

3. Remove the oil filler cap. 4. Place a large drain pan under the drain

plug.

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WARNING

I Prolonged and repeated contact with used engine oil may cause skin can- cer.

I Try to avoid direct skin contact with used oil. If skin contact is made, wash thoroughly with soap or hand cleaner as soon as possible.

I Keep used engine oil out of reach of

children.

ADI1064

CAUTION

5. Remove the drain plug with a wrench and

completely drain the oil. If the oil filter is to be changed, remove and replace it at this time. See ‘‘Chang- ing engine oil filter’’ later in this section.

Be careful not to burn yourself, as the engine oil is hot.

Waste oil must be disposed of properly. Check your local regulations. 6. Clean and reinstall the drain plug and washer. Securely tighten the drain plug with a wrench. Do not use excessive force. Drain plug tightening torque:

22 to 29 ft-lb (29 to 39 N(cid:215) m)

7. Refill engine with a recommended oil through the oil filler opening then install the oil filler cap securely. See ‘‘Capacities and recommended fuel/lubricants’’ in the ‘‘Technical and consumer information’’ section for drain and refill capacity. The drain and refill capacity depends on the oil temperature and drain time. Use these specifications for reference only. Always use the dipstick to determine when the proper amount of oil is in the engine.

8. Start

the engine. Check for

leakage around the drain plug and oil filter. Cor- rect as required.

9. Turn the engine off and wait several level with the

minutes. Check the oil dipstick. Add engine oil if necessary.

Do-it-yourself

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8. Screw in the oil filter until a slight resis- tance is felt, then tighten an additional 2/3 turn.

9. Start the engine and check for leakage around the oil filter. Correct as required. 10.Turn the engine off and wait several minutes. Check the oil level. Add engine oil if necessary.

ADI1065

ADI1066

CHANGING ENGINE OIL FILTER 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and

apply the parking brake.

CAUTION

Be careful not to burn yourself, as the engine oil may be hot.

2. Turn the engine off. 3. Remove the splash shield.

I Remove the six push pins. I Remove the six bolts and the splash

shield. 4. Place a large drain pan under the oil filter. filter 5. Loosen the oil filter by

filter with an oil

wrench. Then remove the oil turning it by hand. 8-12 Do-it-yourself

6. Wipe the engine oil filter mounting sur-

face with a clean rag. Be sure to remove any old rubber gasket remaining on the mounting surface of the engine.

7. Coat the rubber gasket on the new filter

with engine oil.

Z X

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUID (ATF)

WARNING

I When engine is running, keep hands, jewelry and clothing away from any moving parts such as cool- ing fan and drive belts.

I Automatic transmission fluid is poi- sonous and should be stored care- fully in marked containers out of the reach of children.

TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS FOR CHECKING ATF I The fluid level should be checked using the HOT range on the dipstick after the following conditions have been met:

— The engine should be warmed up to

operating temperature.

— The vehicle should be driven at least 5

minutes.

— The ATF should be warmed to between

122 and 176°F (50 and 80°C).

I The ATF can be checked at fluid tem- peratures of 86 to 122°F (30 to 50°C) using the COLD range on the dipstick

ADI1067

ADI1068

after the engine is warmed up and before driving. However, the fluid should be re-checked using the HOT range.

1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and

set the parking brake.

2. Start the engine and then move the se- lector lever through each gear range, ending in P (Park).

3. Check the fluid level with the engine

idling.

4. Remove the dipstick and wipe it clean

with lint-free paper.

5. Re-insert the dipstick into the charging

pipe as far as it will go.

6. Remove the dipstick and note the read- ing. If the level is on the low side of either range, add fluid through the charging pipe.

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POWER STEERING FLUID

ADI1069

ADI1116

ADI1072

CAUTION

I DO NOT OVERFILL. I Use ONLY NISSAN Matic ‘D’ (Conti- nental U.S. and Alaska) or genuine NISSAN Automatic Transmission Fluid (Canada). DexronTM III/MerconTM or equivalent may also be used. Out- side the continental United States and Alaska contact an authorized NISSAN dealership for more information re- garding suitable fluids, including rec- of DexronTM ommended III/MerconTM.

brands

NOTE: If the vehicle has been driven for a long time at high speeds, or in city traffic in hot weather, or if it is being used to pull a trailer, the fluid level cannot be read accurately. You should wait until the fluid has cooled down (about 30 minutes).

The fluid level should be checked using the HOT MAX range on the power steering fluid reservoir at fluid temperatures of 122 to 176°F (50 to 80°C) or using the COLD MAX range on the power steering fluid reservoir at fluid temperatures of 32 to 86°F (0 to 30°C).

CAUTION

I Do not overfill. I The recommended fluid is Genuine

NISSAN PSF2.

8-14 Do-it-yourself

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BRAKE AND CLUTCH FLUID

WINDOW WASHER FLUID

For further brake and clutch fluid specifica- tion information, refer to ‘‘Capacities and recommended fuel/lubricants’’ in the ‘‘Tech- nical and consumer information’’ section of this manual.

WARNING

Use only new fluid from a sealed con- tainer. Old, inferior or contaminated fluid may damage the brake and clutch systems. The use of improper fluids can damage the brake system and af- fect the vehicle’s stopping ability.

CAUTION

Do not spill the fluid on any painted surfaces. This will damage the paint. If fluid is spilled, wash with water.

ADI0716

Check the brake fluid level in the reservoir. If the fluid level is below the MIN line or the brake warning light comes on, add DOT 3
fluid up to the MAX line. Check the clutch fluid level in the reservoir (manual transmission only). If the fluid level is below the MIN line, add DOT 3 fluid up to the MAX line. If fluid must be added frequently, the system should be thoroughly checked by an autho- rized NISSAN dealer.

ADI1034

USA Only Check the window washer fluid level in the reservoir tank and add fluid if necessary. Add a washer solvent to the water for better cleaning. In the winter season, add a wind- shield washer anti-freeze. Follow the manu- facturer’s instructions for the mixture ratio. Canada Only Add fluid when the low washer fluid warning light comes on. Add windshield washer sol- vent to the water for better cleaning. In the winter season, add windshield washer anti- freeze.

Do-it-yourself

8-15

Z X

BATTERY

I Keep the battery surface clean and dry. Any corrosion should be washed off with a solution of baking soda and water.

I Make certain the terminal connections

are clean and securely tightened.

I If the vehicle is not to be used for 30 days or longer, disconnect the negative (−) battery terminal cable to prevent dis- charge.

WARNING

I Do not expose the battery to flames or electrical sparks. Hydrogen gas generated by battery action is explo- sive. Do not allow battery fluid to contact your skin, eyes, fabrics, or painted surfaces. After touching a battery or battery cap, do not touch or rub your eyes. Thoroughly wash your hands. If the acid contacts your eyes, skin or clothing, immediately flush with water for at least 15 min- utes and seek medical attention.

I When working on or near a battery, always wear suitable eye protection and remove all jewelry.

I Keep the battery out of the reach of

children.

Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for the mixture ratio.

CAUTION

Do not substitute engine anti-freeze coolant for window washer solution. This may result in damage to the paint.

8-16 Do-it-yourself

ADI0709

1. Gently pry between the battery cap and

cover as illustrated to remove the cap. Use a cloth to protect the battery case.

2. Check the fluid level in each cell.

If it is necessary to add fluid, add only distilled water to bring the level up to the level indicator in each filler opening. Do not overfill.

Z X

JUMP STARTING If jump starting is necessary, see ‘‘Jump starting’’ in the ‘‘In case of emergency’’ section. If the engine does not start by jump starting, the battery may have to be re- placed. Contact an authorized NISSAN dealer.

ADI0710

Do-it-yourself

8-17

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DRIVE BELTS

WARNING

Be sure the ignition key is OFF. The engine could rotate unexpectedly.

1. Visually inspect each belt for signs of unusual wear, cuts, fraying or looseness. If the belt is in poor condition or loose, have it replaced or adjusted by an autho- rized NISSAN dealer.

2. Have the belts checked regularly for con- dition and tension in accordance with the maintenance schedule found in the ‘‘Maintenance’’ section of this manual.

8-18 Do-it-yourself

ADI1073

ADI1074

Z X

SPARK PLUG REPLACEMENT

WARNING

Be sure the engine and ignition switch are off and that the parking brake is engaged securely.

CAUTION

Be sure to use the correct socket to remove the plugs. An incorrect socket can cause damage.

ADI1075

ADI1099

KA24DE Engine Platinum-tipped spark plug It is not necessary to replace platinum- tipped spark plugs as frequently as conven- tional type spark plugs because they last much longer. Follow the maintenance schedule, but do not reuse the spark plugs by cleaning or regapping. I Always replace spark plugs with rec-

commended or equivalent ones.

Do-it-yourself

8-19

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ADI1099

ADI1077

Follow the maintenance schedule, but do not reuse the spark plugs by cleaning or regapping. I Always replace spark plugs with rec-

commended or equivalent ones.

ADI1076

1. Disconnect spark plug cables. Keep

track of the original cable locations.

VG33E Engine It is not necessary to replace platinum- tipped spark plugs as frequently as conven- tional type spark plugs because they last much longer.

8-20 Do-it-yourself

When disconnecting, always hold the boots — not the cables. Mark all cables to identify their original location.

Z X

AIR CLEANER HOUSING FILTER

ADI1078

ADI1081

ADI1079

2. Remove spark plugs with a spark plug wrench, (type A or B) supplied in the vehicle’s tool bag.

3. Install spark plugs. When installing a plug, turn it two or three turns by hand and then tighten with a spark plug socket. Be careful not to overtighten it. Tightening torque:

14 to 22 ft-lb (20 to 29 N(cid:215) m)

4. Reconnect the spark plug cables to their

original positions.

The filter element should not be cleaned and reused as it is given a special treat- ment. We recommend it be replaced ac- cording to the maintenance intervals shown in the ‘‘Maintenance’’ section of this manual. When replacing the filter, wipe the inside of the air cleaner housing and the cover with a damp cloth.

Do-it-yourself

8-21

Z X

I Never pour fuel into the throttle body or attempt to start the engine with the air cleaner removed. Doing so could result in serious injury.

ADI1080

WARNING

I Operating the engine with the air cleaner off can cause you or others to be burned. The air cleaner not only cleans the air, it stops flame if the engine backfires. If it isn’t there and the engine backfires, you could be burned. Don’t drive with it off, and be careful working on the engine with the air cleaner off.

8-22 Do-it-yourself

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WIPER BLADES

CAUTION

I After wiper blade replacement, return the wiper arm to its original position. Otherwise it may be damaged when the engine hood is opened.

I Make sure the wiper blade contacts the glass. Otherwise, the arm may be damaged from wind pressure.

If your windshield is not clear after using the windshield washer or if a wiper blade chat- ters when running, wax or another material may be on the blade or windshield.

Clean the outside of the windshield with a washer solution or a mild detergent. Your windshield is clean if beads do not form when rinsing with clear water. Clean the blade by wiping it with a cloth soaked in a washer solution or a mild deter- gent. Then rinse the blade with clear water. If your windshield is still not clear after cleaning the blades and using the wiper, replace the blades. 1. Lift the wiper arm away from the wind-

shield.

ADI1111

2. Push the release tab,

then move the wiper blade down the wiper arm to re- move.

3. Remove the wiper blade. 4. Insert the new wiper blade onto the wiper

arm until it clicks into place.

Do-it-yourself

8-23

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PARKING BRAKE CHECK

BRAKE PEDAL

ADI1035

DI0453

Pull the parking brake lever up. If the num- ber of clicks is out of the range listed above, see an authorized NISSAN dealer.

MDI0005

If you wax the surface of the hood, be careful not to let wax get into the washer nozzle. This may cause clogging or im- proper windshield washer operation. If wax gets into the nozzle, remove it with a needle or small pin.

8-24 Do-it-yourself

With the engine running, check distance A between the upper surface of the pedal and the metal floor. Distance A:

Manual Transmission

Automatic Transmission

2WD Rear Wheel ABS

4WD Four Wheel ABS

4 1/8 in. (105mm)

4 in. (100mm)

4 1/2 in. (115mm)

4 1/4 in. (110mm)

If it is out of the range shown above, see an authorized NISSAN dealer.

Z X

checked as soon as possible if the wear indicator sound is heard. Under some driving or climate conditions, occasional brake squeak, squeal or other noise may be heard. Occasional brake noise during light to moderate stops is nor- mal and does not affect the function or performance of the brake system. The rear drum brakes (if so equipped) do not have audible wear indicators. Should you ever hear an unusually loud noise from the rear drum brakes, have them inspected as soon as possible by an authorized NIS- SAN dealer. Proper brake inspection intervals should be followed. For more information regard- ing brake inspections, see the appropriate maintenance schedule information in the ‘‘Maintenance Schedule’’ section of this manual.

Self-adjusting brakes Your vehicle is equipped with self-adjusting brakes. The front disc-type brakes self-adjust every time the brake pedal is applied. The rear drum-type brakes on two-wheel drive trucks self-adjust every time the parking brake is applied. The rear drum-type brakes on four- wheel drive trucks self-adjust every time the brake pedal is applied. If the brake pedal goes down farther than normal, it may be due to a lack of adjustment of the rear drum brakes. Apply the parking brake several times.

WARNING

If the brake pedal height does not re- turn to normal, see an authorized NIS- SAN dealer and have it checked.

Brake pad wear indicators The disc brake pads on your vehicle have audible wear indicators. When a brake pad requires replacement, it will make a high pitched scraping or screeching sound when the vehicle is in motion whether or not the brake pedal is depressed. Have the brakes

BRAKE BOOSTER

Check the brake booster function with the following steps: 1. With the engine off, press and release times. When the brake pedal several brake pedal movement (distance of travel) remains the same from one pedal application to the next, continue on to next step.

2. While depressing the brake pedal, start the engine. The pedal height should drop a little.

3. With the brake pedal depressed, stop the engine. Keeping the pedal depressed for about 30 seconds, the pedal height should not change.

4. Run the engine for one minute without depressing the brake pedal, then turn it off. Depress the brake pedal several times. The pedal travel distance will de- crease gradually with each depression as the vacuum is released from the booster.

If the brakes do not operate properly, have the brakes checked by an authorized NISSAN dealer.

Do-it-yourself

8-25

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CLUTCH PEDAL

ADI0528

Press the pedal by hand and be sure the free travel is within the above limit. If free travel is out of the range shown above, see an authorized NISSAN dealer.

8-26 Do-it-yourself

Z X

FUSES

3. Remove the fuse with the fuse puller. 4. If the fuse is open, replace it with a new

fuse.

5. If a new fuse opens again, have the electrical system checked and repaired by an authorized NISSAN dealer.

Passenger compartment

CAUTION

Never use a fuse of higher amperage rating than that specified on the fuse box cover. This could damage the elec- trical system or cause a fire.

If the electrical equipment does not operate, check for an open fuse. 1. Be sure the ignition key and the headlight

switch are OFF.

2. Remove the fuse box cover.

ADI1036

Do-it-yourself

8-27

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LIGHT BULBS

HEADLIGHTS

CAUTION

I High pressure halogen gas is sealed inside the halogen bulb. The bulb may break if the glass envelope is scratched or the bulb is dropped.

I When handling the bulb, do not

touch the glass envelope.

Replacing the headlight bulb 1. Open the engine hood. 2. Disconnect

the negative (- ) battery

cable.

3. Disconnect the electrical connector from

the rear end of the bulb.

4. Push down the spring retainer. 5. Remove the headlight bulb. Do not shake

or rotate the bulb when removing it.

6. Install the new bulb in the reverse order

of removal.

I Be sure the lip of the rubber cap

contacts the headlight body.

DO NOT TOUCH THE BULB.

ADI1037

The headlight is a semi-sealed beam type which uses a replaceable headlight (halo- gen) bulb.