2005 Jeep Grand Cherokee Owners Manual

39,000
(62 000)

42,000
(67 000)

45,000
(72 000)

51,000
(82 000)

Miles (Kilometers) Change the engine oil and engine oil filter, if not replaced at 3 months. Rotate the tires. Inspect the engine air cleaner filter, replace if nec- essary. Inspect the PCV Valve, replace if necessary.〫 Replace the spark plugs. Inspect the ignition cables, replace if necessary (5.7L Only). Inspect drive belt, replace if necessary. Lubricate the upper knuckle ball stud at steering & suspension ball joints. Inspect the brake linings.

48,000
(77 000)

SCHEDULE “B” 369

57,000
(91 000)

54,000
(86 000)

60,000
(96 000)

370 SCHEDULE “B”

48,000
(77 000)

Miles (Kilometers) Drain and refill the front and rear axles. Drain and refill the automatic transmission fluid, and replace main sump filter (4.7L/5.7L Only).‡ Drain and refill the transfer case fluid. Flush and replace engine coolant/anti-freeze at 60
months, if not done at 102,000 miles (163 000 km). NOTE: ‡ Applies only if vehicle is used for frequent trailer towing, or fleet/commercial service.

51,000
(82 000)

54,000
(86 000)

57,000
(91 000)

60,000
(96 000)

Miles (Kilometers) Change the engine oil and engine oil filter, if not replaced at 3 months. Rotate the tires. Inspect the engine air cleaner filter, replace if nec- essary. Inspect the drive belt, replace if necessary. Lubricate the upper knuckle ball stud at steering & suspension ball joints. Inspect the brake linings. Drain and refill the front and rear axle fluid.

63,000
(101 000)

66,000
(106 000)

69,000
(110 000)

72,000
(115 000)

75,000
(120 000)

SCHEDULE “B” 371

M

372 SCHEDULE “B”

Miles (Kilometers) Change the engine oil and engine oil filter, if not replaced at 3 months. Rotate the tires. Inspect the engine air cleaner filter, replace if nec- essary. Inspect the PCV Valve, replace if necessary.〫 Replace the spark plugs. Inspect the drive belt, replace if necessary. Lubricate the upper knuckle ball stud at steering & suspension ball joints. Drain and refill the transfer case fluid. Inspect the brake linings. Drain and refill the front and rear axle fluid.

78,000
(125 000)

81,000
(130 000)

84,000
(134 000)

87,000
(139 000)

90,000
(144 000)

Miles (Kilometers) Change the engine oil and engine oil filter, if not replaced at 3 months. Rotate the tires. Inspect the engine air cleaner filter, replace if nec- essary. Inspect the drive belt, replace if necessary. Lubricate the upper knuckle ball stud at steering & suspension ball joints. Inspect the brake linings. Drain and refill the front and rear axle fluid. Flush and replace the engine coolant/anti-freeze, if not done at 60 months.

93,000
(149 000)

96,000
(154 000)

99,000
(158 000)

102,000
(163 000)

105,000
(168 000)

SCHEDULE “B” 373

M

374 SCHEDULE “B”

Miles (Kilometers) Change the engine oil and engine oil filter, if not replaced at 3 months. Rotate the tires. Inspect the engine air cleaner filter, replace if nec- essary. Inspect the PCV Valve, replace if necessary.〫 Replace the spark plugs. Inspect the ignition cables, replace if necessary (5.7L Only). Inspect the drive belt, replace if necessary. Lubricate the upper knuckle ball stud at steering & suspension ball joints. Inspect the brake linings. Drain and refill the front and rear axle fluid.

108,000
(173 000)

111,000
(178 000)

114,000
(182 000)

117,000
(187 000)

120,000
(192 000)

Miles (Kilometers) Drain and refill the automatic transmission fluid, replace main sump filter, and spin-on cooler return filter (if equipped). (4.7L/5.7L Only).‡ Drain and refill the transfer case fluid. Flush and replace the engine coolant/anti-freeze at 120 months, if not replaced at 102,000 miles (163
000 km). NOTE: ‡ Applies only if vehicle is used for frequent trailer towing, or fleet/commercial service. Inspection and service should also be performed anytime a malfunction is observed or suspected. Retain all re- ceipts.

108,000
(173 000)

SCHEDULE “B” 375

111,000
(178 000)

114,000
(182 000)

117,000
(187 000)

120,000
(192 000)

〫 This maintenance is recommended by the manufac- turer to the owner, but is not required to maintain emissions warranty.

376 SCHEDULE “A”

Schedule “A” Miles (Kilometers) [Months] Change the engine oil and engine oil filter. Rotate the tires. Inspect the engine air cleaner filter, and replace if necessary. Replace the spark plugs. Lubricate the upper knuckle ball stud at steering & suspension ball joints. Inspect the brake linings. Drain the transfer case and refill.

6,000
(10 000)

12,000
(19 000)

18,000
(29 000)

24,000
(38 000)

30,000
(48 000)

[6]

[12]

[24]

[18]

[30]

SCHEDULE “A” 377

Miles (Kilometers) [Months] Change the engine oil and engine oil filter. Rotate the tires. Inspect the brake linings. Lubricate the upper knuckle ball stud at steering & sus- pension ball joints.

36,000
(58 000)

42,000
(67 000)

48,000
(77 000)

54, 000
(86 000)

[36]

[42]

[48]

[54]

M

378 SCHEDULE “A”

Miles (Kilometers) [Months] Change the engine oil and engine oil filter. Rotate the tires. Inspect the engine air cleaner filter, and replace if nec- essary. Inspect the PCV Valve, replace if necessary.〫 Replace the spark plugs. Inspect the ignition cables, replace if necessary (5.7L Only). Inspect the drive belt, replace if necessary. Lubricate the upper knuckle ball stud at steering & sus- pension ball joints. Flush and replace the engine coolant/anti-freeze, at 60
months if not done at 102,000 miles (163 000 km). Inspect the brake linings. Drain the transfer case and refill.

60,000
(96 000)

66,000
(106 000)

72,000
(115 000)

78,000
(125 000)

[60]

[66]

[72]

[78]

SCHEDULE “A” 379

Miles (Kilometers) [Months] Change the engine oil and engine oil filter. Rotate the tires. Inspect the engine air cleaner filter, and replace if nec- essary. Inspect the PCV Valve, replace if necessary.〫 Replace the spark plugs. Inspect the drive belt, replace if necessary. Lubricate the upper knuckle ball stud at steering & sus- pension ball joints. Inspect the brake linings. Flush and replace the engine coolant/anti-freeze if not replaced at 60 months. Drain the transfer case and refill.

84,000
(134 000)

90,000
(144 000)

96,000
(154 000)

[84]

[96]

[90]

102, 000
(163 000)

[102]

M

380 SCHEDULE “A”

Miles (Kilometers) [Months] Change the engine oil and engine oil filter. Rotate the tires. Inspect the engine air cleaner filter, and replace if necessary. Inspect the PCV Valve, replace if necessary.〫 Replace the spark plugs. Inspect the ignition cables, replace if necessary (5.7L Only). Inspect the drive belt, replace if necessary. Lubricate the upper knuckle ball stud at steering & suspension ball joints. Inspect the brake linings. Flush and replace the engine coolant/anti-freeze if not done at 102,000 miles (163 000 km). Drain the transfer case and refill.

114,000
(182 000)

[114]

108,000
(173 000)

[108]

120,000
(192 000)

[120]

Inspection and service should also be performed anytime a malfunction is observed or suspected. Retain all re- ceipts. 〫 This maintenance is recommended by the manufac- turer to the owner, but is not required to maintain emissions warranty.

SCHEDULE “A” 381

WARNING!

You can be badly injured working on or around a motor vehicle. Do only that service work for which you have the proper equipment. If you have any doubt about your ability to perform a service job, take your vehicle to a competent mechanic.

IF YOU NEED CONSUMER ASSISTANCE

CONTENTS

䡵 Suggestions For Obtaining Service For Your

Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384
▫ Prepare For The Appointment . . . . . . . . . . . . 384
▫ Prepare A List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384
▫ Be Reasonable With Requests . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384
䡵 If You Need Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384

䡵 Warranty Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386
䡵 Mopar威 Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388
䡵 Reporting Safety Defects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388
▫ In Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388
䡵 Publication Order Forms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389

384 IF YOU NEED CONSUMER ASSISTANCE

SUGGESTIONS FOR OBTAINING SERVICE FOR YOUR VEHICLE

Prepare For The Appointment If you’re having warranty work done, be sure to have the right papers with you. Take your warranty folder. All work to be performed may not be covered by the warranty, discuss additional charges with the service manager. Keep a maintenance log of your vehicle’s service history. This can often provide a clue to the current problem. Prepare A List Make a written list of your vehicle’s problems or the specific work you want done. If you’ve had an accident, or work done that is not on your maintenance log, let the service advisor know.

Be Reasonable With Requests If you list a number of items, and you must have your vehicle by the end of the day, discuss the situation with the service advisor and list the items in order of priority. At many dealers you may obtain a rental vehicle at a minimal daily charge. If you need a rental, it is advisable to make these arrangements when you call for an appointment.

IF YOU NEED ASSISTANCE The manufacturer and its dealers are vitally interested in your satisfaction. We want you to be happy with our products and services. Warranty service must be done by an authorized Chrysler, Dodge, or Jeep dealer. We strongly recommend that you take your vehicle to you selling dealer. They know you and your vehicle best, and are most concerned that you get prompt and high quality service. The manufacturer’s dealers have the facilities, factory-trained technicians, special tools, and the latest information to assure your vehicle is fixed correctly and in a timely manner.

This is why you should always talk to your dealer’s service manager first. Most matters can be resolved with this process. • If for some reason you are still not satisfied, talk to the general manager or owner of the dealership. They want to know if you need assistance. • If your dealership is unable to resolve the concern, you

may contact the Manufacturer’s Customer Center.

Any communication to the Manufacturer’s Customer Center should include the following information: • Owner’s name and address • Owner’s telephone number (home and office) • Dealership name • Vehicle identification number • Vehicle delivery date and mileage

IF YOU NEED CONSUMER ASSISTANCE 385

DaimlerChrysler Motors Corporation Customer Center P.O. Box 21–8004
Auburn Hills, MI 48321–8004
Phone: (800) 992-1997
DaimlerChrysler Canada Inc. Customer Center P.O. Box 1621
Windsor, Ontario N9A 4H6
Phone —(800) 465–2001
In Mexico contact: Av. Prolongacion Paseo de la Reforma, 1240
Sante Fe C.P. 05109
Mexico, D. F. In Mexico (915) 729–1248 or 729–1240
Outside Mexico (525) 729–1248 or 729–1240
Customer Assistance For The Hearing Or Speech Impaired (TDD/TTY) To assist customers who have hearing difficulties, the manufacturer has installed special TDD (Telecommuni- cation Devices for the Deaf) equipment at its Customer

386 IF YOU NEED CONSUMER ASSISTANCE

Center. Any hearing or speech impaired customer who has access to a TDD or a conventional teletypewriter (TTY) in the United States can communicate with the manufacturer by dialing 1–800–380–CHRY. Service Contract You may have purchased a service contract for your vehicle to help protect you from the high cost of unex- pected repairs after your manufacturer’s new vehicle limited warranty expires. The manufacturer stands be- hind only the manufacturer’s Service Contracts. If you purchased a manufacturer’s Service Contract, you will receive Plan Provisions and an Owner Identification Card in the mail within three weeks of your vehicle delivery date. If you have any questions about your service contract, call the manufacturer’s Service Contract Na- tional Customer Hotline at 1-800-521-9922. The manufacturer will not stand behind any service contract that is not the manufacturer’s Service Contract. It is not responsible for any service contract other than the manufacturer’s Service Contract. If you purchased a

service contract that is not a manufacturer’s Service Contract, and you require service after your manufactur- er’s new vehicle limited warranty expires, please refer to your contract documents, and contact the person listed in those documents. We appreciate that you have made a major investment when you purchased your new vehicle. Your dealer has also made a major investment in facilities, tools, and training to assure that you are absolutely delighted with your ownership experience. You’ll be pleased with their sincere efforts to resolve any warranty issues or related concerns.

WARRANTY INFORMATION See your manufacturer’s Warranty Information Booklet for information on warranty coverage and transfer of warranty.

IF YOU NEED CONSUMER ASSISTANCE 387

U.S. ONLY

388 IF YOU NEED CONSUMER ASSISTANCE

MOPAR姞 PARTS Mopar威 fluids, lubricants, parts, and accessories are available from your dealer. They will help you keep your vehicle operating at its best.

REPORTING SAFETY DEFECTS In the 50 United States and Washington D.C.: If you believe that your vehicle has a defect which could cause a crash or cause injury or death, you should immediately inform the National Highway Traffic Safety Administra- tion (NHTSA) in addition to notifying the manufacturer. If NHTSA receives similar complaints, it may open an investigation, and if it finds that a safety defect exists in a group of vehicles, it may order a recall and remedy campaign. However, NHTSA cannot become involved in individual problems between you, your dealer, and the manufacturer.

To contact NHTSA, you may either call the Auto Safety Hotline toll free at 1-800-424-9393 (or 366-0123 in Wash- ington DC area) or write to: NHTSA, U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Washington DC 20590. You can also obtain other information about motor vehicle safety from the Hotline. In Canada: If you believe that your vehicle has a safety defect, you should contact the Customer Service Department imme- diately. Canadian customers who wish to report a safety defect to the Canadian government should write to Transport Canada, Motor Vehicle Defect Investigations and Recalls, 2780 Sheffield Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1B 3V9.

PUBLICATION ORDER FORMS To order the following manuals, you may use either the website or the phone numbers listed below. Visa, Mas- tercard, American Express, and Discover orders are ac- cepted. If you prefer mailing your payment, please call for an order form. NOTE: A street address is required when ordering manuals. (No P.O. Boxes). • Service Manuals.

These comprehensive service manuals provide the information that students and professional technicians need in diagnosing/troubleshooting, problem solving, maintaining, servicing and repairing DaimlerChrysler Corporation vehicles. A complete working knowledge of the vehicle, system and/or components is written in straightforward language with illustrations, diagrams and charts.

IF YOU NEED CONSUMER ASSISTANCE 389

• Diagnostic Procedure Manuals.

Filled with diagrams, charts and detailed illustrations, these practical manuals make it easy for students and technicians to find and fix problems on computer- controlled vehicle systems and features. They show exactly how to find and correct problems the first time, using step-by-step troubleshooting and driveability procedures, proven diagnostic tests and a complete list of all tools and equipment.

• Owner’s Manuals.

These manuals have been prepared with the assistance of service and engineering specialists to acquaint you with specific Chrysler group vehicles. Included are starting, operating, emergency and maintenance pro- cedures as well as specifications, capabilities and safety tips.

390 IF YOU NEED CONSUMER ASSISTANCE

Call Toll Free at: • 1–800–890–4038 (U.S.) • 1–800–387–1143 (Canada) Or Visit us on the World Wide Web at: • www.techauthority.daimlerchrysler.com • www.daimlerchrysler.ca/manuals

INDEX

10

392 INDEX

ABS (Anti-Lock Brake) System . . . . . . . . . . . . 165,246
Adding Washer Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Adjustable Pedals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Air Cleaner, Engine (Engine Air Cleaner Filter) . . . 323
Air Conditioner Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325
Air Conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
. . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Air Conditioning, Operating Tips Air Conditioning Refrigerant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326
Air Conditioning System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Air Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
Air Pressure, Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
Airbag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Airbag Deployment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Airbag Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,65,165
Airbag Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,166
Alarm System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
Alignment and Balance Alterations/Modifications, Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Antenna, Satellite Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357
Antifreeze (Engine Coolant) Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Anti-Lock Warning Light Anti-Theft System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,166
Appearance Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Auto Down Power Windows Automatic Dimming Mirror . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Automatic Door Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Automatic Headlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Automatic Temperature Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
Automatic Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233,336
Adding Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338
Fluid and Filter Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336
Fluid Level Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
Fluid Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336
Special Additives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Torque Converter Autostick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235

INDEX 393

Auxiliary Electrical Outlet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Auxiliary Power Outlet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148

Break-In Recommendations, New Vehicle . . . . . . . . 63
Bulb Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350,351

Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324
Emergency Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
. . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Keyless Transmitter Replacement Saving Feature (Protection) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Belts, Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
Belts, Seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Body Mechanism Lubrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
B-Pillar Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Brake System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
Anti-Lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
Hoses Master Cylinder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
Parking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Trailer Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Warning Light Brake/Transmission Interlock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234

Calibration, Compass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Capacities, Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357
Caps, Filler

Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
Radiator (Coolant Pressure) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Car Washes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
Carbon Monoxide Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,140,280
Cargo Area Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Cargo Area Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Cargo Compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Luggage Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Cargo Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Cargo Load Floor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Cargo Tie-Downs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Carpeting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343

10

394 INDEX

Catalytic Converter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321
Caution, Exhaust Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186,200
CD Player Cellular Phone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Center High Mounted Stop Light . . . . . . . . . . . . 356
Chains, Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
Changing A Flat Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
Chart, Tire Sizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Checks, Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Child Restraint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,54,59,61
Child Restraint Tether Anchors . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,59
Child Safety Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Climate Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Compact Disc Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Compass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178,182
Compass Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Compass Variance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Computer, Trip/Travel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178

Console, Overhead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Contract, Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386
Converter, Catalytic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
Adding Coolant (Antifreeze) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Coolant Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332
Coolant Level Disposal of Used Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332
Drain, Flush, and Refill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
Points to Remember . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
Pressure Cap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Radiator Cap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Selection of Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330,357
Crankcase Emission Control System . . . . . . . . . . 323
Cruise Control (Speed Control) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Cruise Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Cup Holder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Customer Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384

Data Recorder, Event . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Daytime Running Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Dealer Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
Defroster, Rear Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
Defroster, Windshield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,215,222
Diagnostic System, Onboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
Dimmer Switch, Headlight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Dipsticks

Automatic Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
Oil (Engine) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
Power Steering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326
Disabled Vehicle Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306
Disposal

Engine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
Used Engine Fluids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
Door Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Door Locks, Automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Door Opener, Garage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Doors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

INDEX 395

Drive Belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Off-Pavement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Off-Road . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250

Electric Remote Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Electrical Outlet, Auxiliary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Electronic Speed Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Electronic Stability Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Electronic Throttle Control Warning Light . . . . . . 170
Electronic Vehicle Information Center . . . . . . . 168,171
Emergency, In Case of

Freeing Vehicle When Stuck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Hazard Warning Flasher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296
Jacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
Jump Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
Tow Hooks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
Emission Control System Maintenance . . . . . . 314,362

10

396 INDEX

Engine

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
Air Cleaner Block Heater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Break-In Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
Exhaust Gas Caution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,280
Fails to Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Flooded, Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Fuel Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277,357
Jump Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316,357
Oil Change Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
Oil Disposal Oil Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
Oil Filter Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
Oil Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357
Overheating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230

Temperature Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Engine Oil Viscosity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
Engine Oil Viscosity Chart Enhanced Accident Response Feature . . . . . . . . . . 50
Entry System, Illuminated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Event Data Recorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Exhaust Gas Caution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,280
Exhaust System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
Exterior Finish Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341

Filters

Air Cleaner Engine Fuel Engine Oil

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
Finish Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
Flashers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296
Hazard Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164,353,355
Turn Signal Flipper Glass, Tailgate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Flooded Engine Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Fluid Capacities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357
Fluid Leaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Fluid Level Checks

Automatic Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336,337
Engine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
Power Steering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326
Fog Light Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354
Fog Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116,170,354
Folding Rear Seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Four Wheel Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Four Wheel Drive Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Four-Way Hazard Flasher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296
Freeing A Stuck Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Front Axle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Fuel Filler Cap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281

INDEX 397

Filler Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
Gasoline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Materials Added . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
Octane Rating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357
Tank Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357
Fuel System Caution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279,282
Fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Garage Door Opener Gas Cap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281,313
Gasoline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Gasoline, Reformulated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Gasoline/Oxygenate Blends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Gauges

Coolant Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169

10

398 INDEX

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Speedometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Tachometer Gear Ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,275
Glass Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343

Hands-Free Phone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Hazard Warning Flasher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296
Head Restraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Head Rests Headlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Bulb Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
On With Wipers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Replacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
Heated Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Heated Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Heater, Engine Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
High Beam Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
High Beam/Low Beam Select (Dimmer) Switch . . 116

Holder, Cup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Homelink Transmitter Hood Release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Hoses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334

Identifying Your Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
Ignition

Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Illuminated Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Infant Restraint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,54
Inflation Pressure Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
Information Center, Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Inside Rearview Mirror . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Instrument Cluster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163,164
Instrument Panel and Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Integrated Power Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348
Interior Appearance Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
Interior Fuses Interior Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

INDEX 399

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111,115
Interior Lights Intermittent Wipers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Jack Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
Jack Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298,300
Jacking Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
Jump Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303

Key, Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Key, Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Key, Sentry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Key-In Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Keyless Entry System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Lap/Shoulder Belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
LATCH

(Lower Anchors and Tether for CHildren) . . . . 58,59

Lead Free Gasoline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Leaks, Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Liftgate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Liftgate Flipper Glass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Liftgate Window Wiper/Washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,111
Airbag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,165
Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Anti-Lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Automatic Headlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Back-Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
Battery Saver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Brake Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Bulb Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
Cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Center Mounted Stop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356
Cruise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Daytime Running . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Dimmer Switch, Headlight . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112,116

10

400 INDEX

Electronic Throttle Control Warning . . . . . . . . . 170
Fog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116,170,354
Four-Wheel Drive Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
Hazard Warning Flasher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296
Headlight Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Headlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
Headlights On With Wipers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
High Beam Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Instrument Cluster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113,115
Interior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111,115
Lights On Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Low Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Malfunction Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Map Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Oil Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Passing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111,137
Rear Servicing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
Rear Tail Seat Belt Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
Service Engine Soon (Malfunction Indicator) . . . 164
Side Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Tow/Haul Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Traction Control Turn Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112,116,353,355
Vanity Mirror . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Load Floor, Cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Loading Vehicle

Tires

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Automatic Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Child Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Liftgate, Tailgate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Power Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Lower Anchors and Tether for CHildren

(LATCH)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,59
Lubrication, Body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
Luggage Rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Lumbar Support

Maintenance Free Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324
Maintenance Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
Maintenance Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362
Schedule ⬙A⬙ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376
Schedule ⬙B⬙ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
Maintenance Schedules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362
Malfunction Indicator Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164,314
Manual, Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389
Master Cylinder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
Memory Seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75,106
Memory Seats and Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Mini-Trip Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

INDEX 401

Automatic Dimming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Electric Powered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Electric Remote . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Exterior Folding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Heated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Outside . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Rearview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Vanity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Modifications/Alterations, Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Monitor, Tire Pressure System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
Mopar Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315,388
Multi-Displacement Engine System . . . . . . . . . . . 254
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Multi-Function Control Lever

New Vehicle Break-In Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Occupant Restraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Octane Rating, Gasoline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168

10

402 INDEX

Trip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Off-Pavement Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250,344
Off-Road Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250,344
Oil, Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357
Change Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
Dipstick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
Identification Logo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
Materials Added to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
Pressure Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Recommendation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318,357
Viscosity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319,357
Onboard Diagnostic System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313,314
Opener, Garage Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Outside Rearview Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Overdrive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
Overdrive OFF Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
Overhead Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

Overheating, Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168,297
Owner’s Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389

Paint Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
Paint Damage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
Panic Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Park Assist System, Rear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Parking Brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Passing Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Pedals, Adjustable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Pets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Pets, Transporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Phone, Cellular Phone, Hands-Free . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Placard, Tire and Loading Information . . . . . . . . . 260
Polishing and Waxing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
Power

Distribution Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
Door Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Outlet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Steering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326
Sunroof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Pregnant Women and Seat Belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Preparation for Jacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
Pretensioners

Seat Belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
. . . . . . 139,143,174
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139,143

Programmable Electronic Features Programming Transmitters

Radial Ply Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
Radio Broadcast Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Radio Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186,200,213
Radio, Satellite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Radio (Sound Systems) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186,200
Rain Sensitive Wiper System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

INDEX 403

Rear Axle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
Rear Cup Holder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Rear Liftgate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Rear Park Assist System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Rear Seat, Folding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Rear Window Defroster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
Rear Window Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Rear Wiper/Washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Rearview Mirrors Reclining Front Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Recommended Fluids, Lubricants and Genuine

Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358
Recorder, Event Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Recreational Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
. . . . . . . 290
. . . . . 292
Reformulated Gasoline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Refrigerant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326
Reminder, Lights On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Shifting into Transfer Case Neutral (N) Shifting out of Transfer Case Neutral (N)

10

404 INDEX

Reminder, Seat Belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Remote Keyless Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Remote Sound System Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Replacement Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
Replacement Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Reporting Safety Defects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388
Restraints, Child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Restraints, Occupant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Retractable Cargo Area Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Rocking Vehicle When Stuck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Roof Type Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Rotation, Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276

Safety Checks Inside Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Safety Checks Outside Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Safety Defects, Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388
Safety Information, Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Safety Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Satellite Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207

Satellite Radio Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Schedule, Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Seat Belt Maintenance Seat Belt Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Seat Belts Adjustable Upper Shoulder Anchorage . . . . . . . . 32
And Pregnant Women . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Child Restraint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,61
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Extender Front Seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Pretensioners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Shoulder Belt Anchorage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Adjustment Head Restraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Heated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

Seats

Lumbar Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Rear Folding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Reclining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Security Against Theft . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,166
Security Alarm (Theft Alarm) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318
Selection of Oil Sentry Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Sentry Key Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Sentry Key Replacement Service Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384
Service Contract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386
Service Engine Soon Light (Malfunction Indicator) . 164
Service Manuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389
Setting the Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188,202
Shifting

Automatic Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Shoulder Belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

INDEX 405

Signals, Turn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116,164,353,355
Snow Chains (Tire Chains) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
Snow Plow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
Spare Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
Spark Plugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321
Specifications

Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Speed Control Speedometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
Automatic Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231,232
Cold Weather Emergency (Jump Starting) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
Engine Block Heater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Engine Fails to Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231

Steering Power Wheel, Tilt

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

10

406 INDEX

Steering Wheel Mounted Sound System

Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
Storage, Behind the Seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Storage Bin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Storage Compartment, Center Seat . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Storage, Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224,350
Storing Your Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
Sun Roof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Sunglass Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Supplemental Restraint System - Airbag . . . . . . . . 37

Tachometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Temperature Control, Automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
. . . . . . . . . . 167
Temperature Gauge, Engine Coolant Tether Anchor, Child Restraint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Tie Down Hooks, Cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Tilt Steering Column . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Time Delay, Headlight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Tire and Loading Information Placard . . . . . . 259,260
Tire Identification Number (TIN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
Tire Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Tire Safety Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,263
Air Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
Alignment and Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
Changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
High Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Inflation Pressures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
Jacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
Load Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259,260
Pressure Monitor System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
Pressure Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
Radial Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276

Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,254
Sizes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Spare Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
Spinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
Tread Wear Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Wheel Mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
Tongue Weight/Trailer Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
Torque Converter Clutch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Tow Hooks, Emergency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
Tow/Haul Indicator Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283,306
Disabled Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
Recreational Traction Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Traction Control Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121,166
Traction Control Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Trailer Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
Cooling System Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287

INDEX 407

Trailer and Tongue Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286
Transfer Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339

Transmission Automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233,336
Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336
Range Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Shifting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Transmitter Battery Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Transmitter, Garage Door Opener . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Transmitter, Remote Keyless Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Tread Wear Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Turn Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116,164,353,355

Underhood Fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346,348
Universal Transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Upholstery Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342

10

408 INDEX

Vacuum/Vapor Harnesses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334
Vanity Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Variance, Compass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Vehicle Identification Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Vehicle Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
Vehicle Modifications/Alterations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Vehicle Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224,350
Vinyl Trim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342
Viscosity, Engine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319

Warning Flasher, Hazard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296
Warnings and Cautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Warranty Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386
Washer, Adding Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Washers, Windshield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117,328

Washing Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
Waxing and Polishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
Wheel Alignment and Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
Wheel Mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
Wind Buffeting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,147
Window Fogging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216,225
Windows

Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Windshield Defroster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,215,222
Windshield Washers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
Windshield Wiper Blades Windshield Wipers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Wipers, Intermittent Wipers, Rain Sensitive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

SECTION

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

THINGS TO KNOW BEFORE STARTING YOUR VEHICLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

UNDERSTANDING THE FEATURES OF YOUR VEHICLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

STARTING AND OPERATING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

WHAT TO DO IN EMERGENCIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295

MAINTAINING YOUR VEHICLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307

MAINTENANCE SCHEDULES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361

IF YOU NEED CONSUMER ASSISTANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383

10

INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391

10

INTRODUCTION

CONTENTS

䡵 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
▫ Roll Over Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
䡵 How To Use This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

䡵 Warnings And Cautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
䡵 Vehicle Identification Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
䡵 Vehicle Modifications / Alterations . . . . . . . . . . . 8

4 INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION Thank you for selecting a Jeep威 Grand Cherokee and welcome to our worldwide family. This is a specialized utility vehicle designed for both on-road and off-road use. It can go places and perform tasks for which conventional two-wheel drive vehicles were not intended. However, on-road ride and handling will have a different feel from what drivers experience with other vehicles, so take time to become familiar with your vehicle. The two-wheel drive utility vehicle was designed for on-road use only. It is not intended for off-road driving or use in other severe conditions suited to a four-wheel drive vehicle. Before you start to drive this vehicle, read this manual. Be sure you are familiar with all vehicle controls, particu- larly those used for braking, steering and transmission and transfer case shifting. Learn how your vehicle

handles on different road surfaces. Your driving skills will improve with experience. When driving off-road or working the vehicle, don’t overload it or expect it to overcome the laws of nature. Always observe federal, state, provincial, and local laws wherever you drive. As with other vehicles of this type, failure to operate this vehicle correctly may result in loss of control or an accident. Be sure to read “On-Road/Off-Road Driving Tips” in Section 5 of this manual. Roll Over Warning Utility vehicles have a significantly higher roll over rate than other types of vehicles. This vehicle has a higher ground clearance, higher center of gravity, and narrower track than many passenger cars. It is capable of perform- ing better in a wide variety of off-road applications. Driven in an unsafe manner, all vehicles can be caused to go out of control. Because of the higher center of gravity and the narrower track, if this vehicle is out of control it may roll over when some other vehicles may not.

Do not attempt sharp turns or abrupt maneuvers or other unsafe driving actions that can cause loss of vehicle control. Failure to operate this vehicle safely may result in an accident, roll over of the vehicle, and severe or fatal injury. Drive carefully.

Roll Over Warning Label

INTRODUCTION 5

Failure to use driver and passenger seat belts provided is a major cause of severe or fatal injury. In fact, the U.S. government notes that the universal use of existing seat belts could cut the highway death toll by 10,000 or more each year, and could reduce disabling injuries by 2
million annually. In a roll over crash an unbelted person is significantly more likely to die than a person wearing a seat belt. Always buckle up. This manual has been prepared with the assistance of service and engineering specialists to acquaint you with the operation and maintenance of your new vehicle. It is supplemented by a Warranty Information Booklet and various customer oriented documents. You are urged to read these publications carefully. Following the instruc- tions and recommendations in this manual will help assure safe and enjoyable operation of your vehicle.

6 INTRODUCTION

NOTE: After you read the manual, it should be stored in the vehicle for convenient reference and remain with the vehicle when sold so that the new owner will be aware of all safety warnings. When it comes to service, remember that your authorized dealer knows your vehicle best, has the factory-trained technicians and genuine Mopar威 parts, and is interested in your satisfaction.

WARNING!

Engine exhaust, some of its constituents, and certain vehicle components contain or emit chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. In addition, certain fluids contained in vehicles and certain prod- ucts of component wear contain or emit chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm.

HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL Consult the table of contents to determine which section contains the information you desire. The detailed index, at the rear of the manual, contains a complete listing of all subjects.

WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS This manual contains WARNINGS against operating procedures which could result in an accident or bodily injury. It also contains CAUTIONS against procedures which could result in damage to your vehicle. If you do not read this entire manual you may miss important information. Observe all Warnings and Cautions.

VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER The vehicle identification number (VIN) is found on a label located on the left front corner of the instrument panel pad, visible from outside of the vehicle through the windshield. This number also appears on the Automobile Information Disclosure Label affixed to a window on your vehicle. Save this label for a convenient record of your vehicle identification number and optional equip- ment.

INTRODUCTION 7

Vehicle Identification Number

NOTE:

It is illegal to remove the VIN label.

8 INTRODUCTION

VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS / ALTERATIONS

WARNING!

Any modifications or alterations to this vehicle could seriously affect its roadworthiness and safety and may lead to an accident resulting in serious injury or death.

THINGS TO KNOW BEFORE STARTING YOUR VEHICLE

CONTENTS

䡵 A Word About Your Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
▫ Ignition Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
▫ Key-In-Ignition Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
䡵 Sentry Key Immobilizer System . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
▫ Important Note About Service . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
▫ Replacement Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
▫ Customer Key Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
▫ General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
䡵 Illuminated Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

䡵 Doors And Door Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
▫ Manual Door Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
▫ Power Door Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
䡵 Remote Keyless Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
▫ To Unlock The Doors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
▫ To Lock The Doors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
▫ To Release The Liftgate Flipper Glass . . . . . . . .19
▫ Using The Panic Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
▫ General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

10 THINGS TO KNOW BEFORE STARTING YOUR VEHICLE

䡵 Power Windows

▫ Liftgate Flipper Glass

▫ Transmitter Battery Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
䡵 Security Alarm System — If Equipped . . . . . . . . .22
▫ To Set The Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
▫ To Disarm The System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
䡵 Liftgate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
▫ Auto Down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
▫ Window Lockout Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
▫ Wind Buffeting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
䡵 Occupant Restraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
▫ Lap/Shoulder Belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
▫ Lap/Shoulder Belt Operating Instructions . . . . .29
▫ Adjustable Upper Shoulder Belt Anchorage . . . .32
▫ Automatic Locking Mode — If Equipped . . . . .33

▫ Energy Management Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
▫ Seat Belt Pretensioners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
▫ Enhanced Driver Seat Belt Use Reminder

System (BeltAlert) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34