2006 Chrysler Pacifica Owners Manual

Pressing the top of the switch once will go to the next track on the CD. Pressing the bottom of the switch once will go to the beginning of the current track or to the beginning of the previous track if it is within one second after the current track begins to play. If you press the switch up or down twice it plays the second track, three times, it will play the third, etc. The button in the center of the left hand switch has no function in this mode.

RADIO GENERAL INFORMATION

Radio Broadcast Signals Your new radio will provide excellent reception under most operating conditions. Like any system, however, car radios have performance limitations, due to mobile op- eration and natural phenomena, which might lead you to believe your sound system is malfunctioning. To help you understand and save you concern about these “ap- parent” malfunctions, you must understand a point or two about the transmission and reception of radio sig- nals. Two Types of Signals There are two basic types of radio signals... AM or Amplitude Modulation, in which the transmitted sound causes the amplitude, or height, of the radio waves to vary... and FM or Frequency Modulation, in which the frequency of the wave is varied to carry the sound.

UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL 231

Electrical Disturbances Radio waves may pick up electrical disturbances during transmission. They mainly affect the wave amplitude, and thus remain a part of the AM reception. They interfere very little with the frequency variations that carry the FM signal. AM Reception AM sound is based on wave amplitude, so AM reception can be disrupted by such things as lightning, power lines and neon signs. FM Reception Because FM transmission is based on frequency varia- tions, interference that consists of amplitude variations can be filtered out, leaving the reception relatively clear, which is the major feature of FM radio. NOTE: On vehicles so equipped the radio, steering wheel radio controls and 6 disc CD/DVD changer will

232 UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL

remain active for up to 45 seconds after the ignition switch has been turned off. Opening a vehicle front door will cancel this feature.

CASSETTE TAPE AND PLAYER MAINTENANCE To keep the cassette tapes and player in good condition, take the following precautions: 1. Do not use cassette tapes longer than C-90; otherwise, sound quality and tape durability will be greatly dimin- ished. 2. Keep the cassette tape in its case to protect from slackness and dust when it is not in use. 3. Keep the cassette tape away from direct sunlight, heat and magnetic fields such as the radio speakers. 4. Before inserting a tape, make sure that the label is adhering flat to the cassette.

5. A loose tape should be corrected before use. To rewind a loose tape, insert the eraser end of a pencil into the tape drive gear and twist the pencil in the required directions. Maintain your cassette tape player. The head and capstan shaft in the cassette player can pick up dirt or tape deposits each time a cassette is played. The result of deposits on the capstan shaft may cause the tape to wrap around and become lodged in the tape transport. The other adverse condition is low or “muddy” sound from one or both channels, as if the treble tone control were turned all the way down. To prevent this, you should periodically clean the head with a commercially available WET cleaning cassette. As preventive maintenance, clean the head about every 30 hours of use. If you wait until the head becomes very dirty (noticeably poor sound), it may not be possible to remove all deposits with a simple WET cleaning cassette.

CD/DVD DISC MAINTENANCE To keep the CD/DVD discs in good condition, take the following precautions: 1. Handle the disc by its edge; avoid touching the surface. 2. If the disc is stained, clean the surface with a soft cloth, wiping from center to edge. 3. Do not apply paper, paper CD labels, or tape to the disc; avoid scratching the disc. 4. Do not use solvents such as benzine, thinner, cleaners, or antistatic sprays. 5. Store the disc in its case after playing. 6. Do not expose the disc to direct sunlight. 7. Do not store the disc where temperatures may become too high.

UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL 233

RADIO OPERATION AND CELLULAR PHONES Under certain conditions, the cellular phone being On in your vehicle can cause erratic or noisy performance from your radio. This condition may be lessened or eliminated by relocating the cellular phone antenna. This condition is not harmful to the radio. If your radio performance does not satisfactorily “clear” by the repositioning of the antenna, it is recommended that the radio volume be turned down or off during cellular phone operation.

NAVIGATION SYSTEM — IF EQUIPPED The navigation system provides maps, turn identifica- tion, selection menus and instructions for selecting a variety of destinations and routes. The buttons to operate the system are located on the instrument panel next to the analog clock. Refer to your Navigation User’s Manual for detailed operating instructions.

234 UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL

The navigation DVD unit is located in the underfloor storage compartment in the rear cargo area. A single disc containing map information for the entire United States and parts of Canada is stored in the DVD unit. Updated DVD’s are available from your authorized dealer.

To replace the navigation map DVD lift the storage bin cover and liner in the rear cargo area, press the eject button and the disc will eject. Gently insert the new disc into the DVD unit with the label facing up. The disc will automatically be pulled into the DVD unit.

CLIMATE CONTROLS The Air Conditioning and Heating System is designed to make you comfortable in all types of weather.

Navigation DVD Location

Manual Air Conditioning and Heating System

UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL 235

second time the indicator light turns off, the blower will turn off and the system will be positioned in the recircu- lation mode. Blower Control

The Blower controls the amount of air delivered to the passenger compartment. There are four blower

speeds.

The fan speed increases as you move the control clockwise.

Manual Heating and A/C Controls

Power Button When the “POWER” button is pressed the indicator will illuminate and the blower will run at the speed selected by the front blower control. When the button is pressed a

236 UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL

Dual Zone Temperature Control — If Equipped With the Dual Zone Temperature Control System, each front seat occupant can independently control the tem- perature of air coming from the outlets on their side of the vehicle.

Mode Control

The mode control allows you to choose from several patterns of air distribution.

NOTE: To improve your selection choices, the system allows you to operate at intermediate positions between the major modes. These intermediate positions are iden- tified by the small dots.

Dual Zone Temperature Control

This is accomplished by having a separate temperature control lever for both the driver and front seat passenger. The blue area of the scale indicates cooler temperatures while the red area indicates warmer temperatures.

UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL 237

Air comes from the outlets in the instrument panel. Each of these outlets can be individually adjusted to direct the flow of air. Moving the air vane knob on the center outlets down, will close off the air flow from the center outlets. The thumbwheel next to the outboard outlets can be rotated to regulate or shut off the air flow from these outlets.

Panel Mode

Panel Outlets

238 UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL

Bi-Level Mode

Air comes from both the instrument panel outlets, floor outlets and defrost. A slight amount of air is also directed through the side window demister outlets. In many temperature lever positions, the bi- NOTE: level mode is designed to provide cooler air out of the panel outlets and warmer air from the floor outlets.

Bi-Level Outlets

Floor Mode

Mix Mode

UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL 239

Floor Outlets

Mix Outlets

Air comes from the floor outlets. A slight amount of air is directed through the defrost and side window demister outlets.

Air comes from the floor, defrost and side window demist outlets. This mode works best in cold or snowy conditions. It allows you to stay comfortable while keep- ing the windshield clear.

240 UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL

Defrost Mode

Defrost Outlets

Air comes from the windshield and side window demist outlets. Use this setting when necessary to defrost your windshield and side windows. NOTE: For improved safety, the compressor is activated and the recirculation mode is deactivated when Mix or

Defrost modes are selected. This is done to assist in drying the air and it will help in keeping the windows from fogging. Manual Air Conditioning Operation

To turn on the air conditioning, set the front blower control to any speed and press the A/C button which is located next to the recirculation button. An indicator light on the A/C button shows that the air conditioning is on. NOTE: The indicator light in the “POWER” button must be on for the climate control system to operate. Cool dehumidified air comes through the outlets selected by the Mode Control. To turn off the air conditioning, press the A/C button a second time. The indicator light will turn off.

been running for a few seconds.

NOTE: • The compressor will not engage until the engine has • If your air conditioning performance seems lower than expected, check the A/C air filter (ATC equipped vehicles only) and the front of the A/C condenser for an accumulation of dirt or insects. The A/C condenser is located in front of the radiator. The A/C air filter is located under the instrument panel on the passenger side. • Fabric type fascia protectors tend to block the amount of air to the condenser and may reduce air condition- ing performance.

Economy Mode If economy mode is desired, press the A/C button to turn off the indicator light, and the A/C compressor. Move the temperature control lever to the desired temperature.

UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL 241

Recirculation Control

Press the recirculation button to recirculate the air inside the vehicle. This is located next to the A/C button. An indicator light on the button shows that air is being recirculated. Use the recirculation mode to rapidly cool the inside of the vehicle. The recirculation mode can also be used to temporarily block out outside odors, smoke, and dust. NOTE: • When the ignition switch is turned OFF, the recircula- • In cold weather, use of the Recirculation mode may lead to excessive window fogging. The Recirculation mode is not allowed in the Mix and Defrost modes to improve window clearing operation. Recirculation will be disabled automatically if these modes are selected.

tion feature will be cancelled.

242 UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL

• If the recirculation button is pressed while in the Mix or Defrost mode, the indicator light in the recirculation button will flash 3 times indicating that recirculation is not allowed.

A/C Recirculation Programming The recirculation control is programmed to cancel the recirculation mode when the ignition key is turned OFF and will reset to outside air mode when the ignition key is turned ON. The frequent use of outside air will help keep odors from building up within the air conditioner- heater housing. It is recommended that the recirculation mode be used as little as possible, especially in humid climates. For hot and dry climates, or people who are allergic to pollen and find frequent use of the recirculation mode necessary, the recirculation mode can be programmed to not automatically reset to the outside mode by using the following procedures:

• Turn the ignition switch to the OFF position. • Set the mode control to “PANEL”. • Depress and hold in the “POWER” button. • Start the engine, and continue to hold in the “POWER” button until the indicator light starts flashing repeat- edly. • Press the recirculation button until the indicator light • The selection will be stored when the ignition switch is

remains lit.

turned OFF or if the “POWER” button is pressed.

If the recirculation indicator light is lit, the recirculation mode will not reset when the engine is started. If the recirculation indicator light is not lit, the recirculation mode will reset to the outside air mode when the engine is started. The programmed status can be changed back and forth by following the above mentioned procedure.

Dual-Zone Automatic Temperature Control The Dual Zone Automatic Temperature Control (ATC) System automatically maintains the interior comfort level desired by the driver and front seat passenger. This is accomplished by using two infrared sensors located in the center of the instrument panel. The two infrared sensors independently measure the surface temperature of the driver and front seat passenger. Based on the sensor input, the system automatically adjusts the air temperature, the airflow volume, the airflow distribu- tion, and amount of inside air recirculation to maintain front seat occupant comfort, even under changing out- side weather conditions.

UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL 243

Dual-Zone Automatic Temperature Control

To operate the system, press either the ⬙AUTO HI⬙ or ⬙AUTO LO⬙ buttons. The system now automatically regulates the heating and air conditioning system includ- ing blower speed, outlet air temperature, and airflow distribution through the various outlets within the in- strument panel. Using the ⬙TEMP⬙ buttons, adjust the

244 UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL

temperature you would like the system to maintain. When the system is set to your comfort level, it is not necessary to change the settings. You will experience the greatest efficiency by allowing the system to function automatically. The system will operate fully automati- cally in either ⬙AUTO HI⬙ or ⬙AUTO LO⬙. The ⬙AUTO LO⬙ setting will limit the maximum fan speed and should be used when more quiet operation is desired. Use the ⬙AUTO HI⬙ setting when the quickest cool-down or warm-up performance is desired. NOTE: • It is not necessary to move the temperature settings for cold or hot vehicles. The system automatically adjusts the temperature, mode and fan speed to provide comfort as quickly as possible. • The temperature can be displayed in U.S. or Metric by selecting the US/M customer programmable feature.

Refer to the “Electronic Vehicle Information Center- Customer Programmable Features” in Section 3 of this manual.

To provide you with maximum comfort in the automatic mode, during cold start-ups the blower fan will remain off and “DELAY” will appear in the display until the engine warms up. An estimate of the time remaining until the “DELAY” is complete will appear periodically in the display. However, the fan will engage immediately if the defrost mode is selected or by pushing the blower switch and manually adjusting the fan speed. This feature may be disabled using the following proce- dure: • Press and hold the Heated Rear Window and Auto LO • The “DELAY” symbol will flash to indicate that the

buttons for 5 seconds.

feature as been disabled.

This feature may be enabled using the following proce- dure: • Press and hold the Heated Rear Window and Auto HI • The “DELAY” symbol will flash to indicate that the

buttons for 5 seconds.

feature as been enabled.

Power Button This button turns the entire system ON/OFF. When the system is turned on it will return to the previous settings. Dual/Single Zone Operation When ⬙DUAL⬙ is displayed in the ATC control unit, the driver and passenger air outlet temperatures can be individually adjusted from the two independent ⬙TEMP⬙ buttons. When a front seat passenger is not present, pressing the ⬙DUAL⬙ button will match the passenger’s temperature setting to the driver’s temperature setting. This will help equalize air outlet temperatures across the

UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL 245

left and right side of the instrument panel. The outside temperature will replace the passenger’s temperature setting in the display. Pressing the ⬙DUAL⬙ button a second time or adjusting the passenger’s ⬙TEMP⬙ button will return the system to dual independent temperature operation. Manual Operation This system offers a full complement of manual override features. The indicator light in both the ⬙AUTO HI⬙ or ⬙AUTO LO⬙ buttons will turn off when the system is being used in the manual mode. The fan speed, airflow distribution, and outside air/recirculated air can be manually adjusted. NOTE: Each of these features operate independently from each other. If any one feature is controlled manually, the remaining features will continue to operate automati- cally.

246 UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL

The front blower control can be set to any fixed blower speed by pressing the rocker switch up or down. This allows the front occupants to control the volume of air circulated in the vehicle and cancel the auto mode. The fan will now operate at a fixed speed until additional speeds are selected or until either the ⬙AUTO HI⬙ or ⬙AUTO LO⬙ buttons are pressed. The system will continue to automatically adjust air temperature and airflow distribution. The operator can also select the direction of the air by pressing the mode control rocker switch located to the left of the A/C button and selecting one of the following positions.

Panel Mode

Panel Outlets

Air comes from the outlets in the instrument panel. Each of these outlets can be individually adjusted to direct the flow of air. Moving the knob up, down, left, or right will direct the air accordingly. The thumbwheel next to each outlet can be rotated to reduce or shut off the air flow from these outlets.

UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL 247

Air comes from both the instrument panel outlets and floor outlets. A slight amount of air is also directed through the defrost and side window demister outlets. In many temperature positions, the bi-level NOTE: mode is designed to provide cooler air out of the panel outlets and warmer air from the floor outlets.

Bi-Level Mode

Bi-Level Outlets

248 UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL

Floor Mode

Mix Mode

Floor Outlets

Mix Outlets

Air comes from the floor outlets. A slight amount of air is directed through the defrost and side window demister outlets.

Air comes from the floor, defrost and side window demist outlets. This mode is not used when operating in either ⬙AUTO HI⬙ or ⬙AUTO LO⬙. This mode should be used when airflow to the floor and windshield is desired.

Defrost Mode

Defrost Outlets

Air comes from the windshield and side window demist outlets. Use this setting when necessary to defrost your windshield and side windows. If a fog or mist on the

UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL 249

windshield or side glass starts to impair visibility, press the front blower button and increase the fan speed to maximum. NOTE: While operating in ⬙AUTO HI⬙ or ⬙AUTO LO⬙, the system will not automatically sense the presence fog, mist, or ice on the windshield. The defrost button must be pressed to clear the windshield and side glass.

Depress the “A/C” button to turn on and off the air conditioning during manual operation only. Cool dehumidified air comes through the outlets selected by the Mode Control. To turn off the air condi- tioning, press the A/C button a second time. The A/C symbol in the display will turn off. If a fog or mist appears on the windshield or NOTE: side glass, press the “A/C” button to engage the com- pressor or press the defrost button. If a fog or mist on the

250 UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL

windshield or side glass starts to impair visibility, press the front blower button and increase the fan speed to maximum. Recirculation Control

When the outside air contains smoke, odors, high humidity, or if rapid cooling is desired you may wish to recirculate interior air by pressing the recirculation button. The recircu- lation mode should only be used temporarily. The recir- culate symbol will illuminate in the display when this button is selected. Push the button a second time to allow outside air into the vehicle. In cold weather, use of the recirculation mode NOTE: may lead to excessive window fogging. The recirculation mode is not allowed in the Mix and Defrost modes to improve window clearing operation. Recirculation will be disabled automatically if these modes are selected.

A/C Recirculation Programming The recirculation control is programmed to cancel the recirculation mode when the ignition key is turned OFF and will reset to the outside air mode when the ignition key is turned “ON”. The frequent use of outside air will help keep odors from building up within the air conditioner-heater housing. It is recommended that the recirculation mode be used as little as possible, especially in humid climates. For hot and dry climates, or people who are allergic to pollen and find frequent use of the recirculation mode necessary, the recirculation mode can be programmed to not automatically reset to the outside mode by using the following procedures: • Turn the ignition switch to the OFF position. • Press and hold the recirculation button.

• While holding the recirculation button, turn the igni- • Continue holding the recirculation button for 4 sec-

tion switch to the “RUN” position.

onds, then release.

The recirculation control is now programmed so that the recirculation mode will not reset to the outside air mode when the engine is restarted. The recirculation program- ming can be changed back by repeating this procedure. Rear Fan Operation To operate the rear fan, press the ⬙REAR⬙ button. The first time this button is pressed the ⬙REAR AUTO⬙ display will illuminate indicating that the rear fan speed is automatically controlled. To manually control the rear fan speed, press the ⬙REAR⬙ button again and only ⬙REAR⬙ will illuminate in the display. This allows the rear seat occupants to control the rear fan speed using the

UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL 251

switch located in the center console between the second row seats. By pressing the ⬙REAR⬙ button a third time, the rear fan will shut off. When the ATC display reads ⬙REAR AUTO⬙ or when the rear fan is off, the switch located in the center console between the second row seats is not functional. When the ATC display reads ⬙REAR⬙, only the rear seat occupants can control the rear fan speed from the rear switch. When in the “REAR” mode, the rear occupants can set the rear switch to any fan speed including ⬙OFF⬙, or⬙AUTO ⬙. While in the ⬙AUTO⬙ position, the rear fan speed will be automatically controlled. Summer Operation The engine cooling system in air conditioned vehicles must be protected with a high-quality antifreeze coolant to provide proper corrosion protection and to protect against engine overheating. A 50% solution of ethylene

252 UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL

glycol antifreeze coolant in water is recommended. Refer to section 7, Maintenance Procedures, of this manual for proper coolant selection. Winter Operation To insure the best possible heater and defroster perfor- mance, make sure the engine cooling system is function- ing properly and the proper amount, type, and concen- tration of coolant is used. Refer to section 7, Maintenance Procedures, of this manual for proper coolant selection. Use of the air Recirculation mode during winter months is not recommended because it may cause window fogging. Vacation Storage Anytime you store your vehicle, or keep it out of service (i.e. vacation) for two weeks or more, run the air condi- tioning system at idle for about five minutes in the fresh air and high blower setting. This will insure adequate

system lubrication to minimize the possibility of com- pressor damage when the system is started again. Window Fogging Vehicle windows tend to fog on the inside in mild rainy or humid weather. To clear the windows, use the A/C button to reduce the humidity inside the vehicle. Fogging on the inside of the windshield can be quickly removed by pressing the defrost button and increasing the blower speed. Do not use the Recirculation mode without the A/C button for long periods as fogging may occur. Outside Air Intake Before driving, always make sure the air intake located directly in front of the windshield is free of obstructions such as leaves, ice, or snow, which could reduce airflow and/or plug the water drain tube inside the plenum.

A/C Air Filter — If Equipped On vehicles equipped with Automatic Temperature Con- trol (ATC), the climate control system filters out dust, pollen and some odors from the air. Strong odors can not be totally filtered out. Refer to section 7 “Air Condition- ing” for filter replacement instructions. Outside Temperature Display The outside temperature can be shown in the ATC display by pressing the ⬙OUTSIDE TEMP⬙ button. After pressing this button, the front seat passenger’s tempera- ture setting display will be replaced with the current outside temperature. Press the ⬙OUTSIDE TEMP⬙ button again or press the passenger’s ⬙TEMP⬙ button to return the display to the passenger’s temperature setting.

UNDERSTANDING YOUR INSTRUMENT PANEL 253

Electric Rear Window Defroster

Press this button to turn on the rear window defroster and the heated side mirrors. A light in the button will illuminate to indicate the rear window defroster is ON. The defroster automatically turns off after about 10 minutes of operation.

CAUTION!

To avoid damaging the electrical conductors of the rear window defroster, do not use scrapers, sharp instruments, or abrasive window cleaners on the interior surface of the window. Labels can be peeled off after soaking with warm water.

STARTING AND OPERATING

CONTENTS

䡵 Starting Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
▫ Normal Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
䡵 Engine Block Heater — If Equipped . . . . . . . . . 260
䡵 Automatic Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
▫ Brake/Transmission Interlock System . . . . . . . 261
▫ Automatic Transmission Ignition Interlock

System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
▫ Four Speed Automatic Transmission . . . . . . . . 262
䡵 AutoStick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264

▫ AutoStick Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
▫ AutoStick General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
䡵 All Wheel Drive — If Equipped . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
䡵 Parking Brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
䡵 Brake System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
▫ Anti-Lock Brake System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
䡵 Power Steering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
䡵 Traction Control — If Equipped . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
䡵 Tire Safety Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274

256 STARTING AND OPERATING

▫ Tire Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
▫ Tire Identification Number (TIN) . . . . . . . . . . 277
▫ Tire Loading And Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . 278
䡵 Tires—General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
▫ Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
▫ Tire Inflation Pressures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
▫ Radial-Ply Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
▫ Compact Spare Tire — If Equipped . . . . . . . . . 286
▫ Limited Use Spare — If Equipped . . . . . . . . . 287
▫ Tire Spinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
▫ Tread Wear Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
▫ Life Of Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
▫ Replacement Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289

▫ Alignment And Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
䡵 All Wheel Drive (AWD) — If Equipped . . . . . . . 291
䡵 Tire Pressure Monitor System — If Equipped . . . 291
▫ 1,2,3, Or 4 Tire(s) Low Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . 292
▫ Check TPM System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
▫ General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
䡵 Tire Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
䡵 Snow Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
䡵 Tire Rotation Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
䡵 Fuel Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296
▫ Reformulated Gasoline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
▫ Gasoline/Oxygenate Blends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
▫ MMT In Gasoline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298

䡵 Adding Fuel

▫ Fuel Filler Cap (Gas Cap)

▫ Materials Added To Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
▫ Fuel System Cautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
▫ Carbon Monoxide Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
䡵 Vehicle Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
▫ Vehicle Certification Label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
▫ Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) . . . . . . . 302
▫ Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) . . . . . . . . . 302
▫ Overloading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
▫ Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303

STARTING AND OPERATING 257

䡵 Trailer Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304
▫ Common Towing Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
▫ Trailer Hitch Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
▫ Trailer Towing Weights (Maximum Trailer

Weight Ratings)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
▫ Trailer And Tongue Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
▫ Towing Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
▫ Towing Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314
䡵 Recreational Towing (Behind Motorhome, Etc.) . . 315

▫ Towing This Vehicle Behind Another Vehicle (Flat Towing With All Four Wheels On The Ground) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315

258 STARTING AND OPERATING

STARTING PROCEDURES

CAUTION!

Long periods of engine idling, especially at high engine speeds, can cause excessive exhaust tempera- tures which can damage your vehicle. Do not leave your vehicle unattended with the engine running.

WARNING!

Do not leave animals or children inside parked vehicles in hot weather; interior heat build up may cause serious injury or death.

The gear selector must be in the NEUTRAL or PARK position before you can start the engine. Apply the brakes before shifting into any driving gear.

Normal Starting Normal Starting of either a cold or a warm engine is obtained without pumping or depressing the accelerator pedal. Turn the key to the “START” position and release when the engine starts. If the engine has not started within 3 seconds, slightly depress the accelerator pedal while continuing to crank. If the engine fails to start within 15 seconds, turn the key to the “OFF” position, wait 10 to 15 seconds, then repeat the normal starting procedure. Extremely Cold Weather (below ⫺29° C or⫺20° F). To insure reliable starting at these temperatures, use of an externally powered electric engine block heater (available from your dealer) is recommended.

STARTING AND OPERATING 259

If Engine Fails to Start If the engine fails to start after you have followed the “NORMAL STARTING” procedure, it may be flooded. Push the accelerator pedal all the way to the floor and hold it there while cranking the engine. This should clear any excess fuel in case the engine is flooded.

CAUTION!

To prevent damage to the starter, do not crank the engine for more than 15 seconds at a time. Wait 10 to 15 seconds before trying again.

WARNING!

• Do not attempt to push or tow your vehicle to get it started. Vehicles equipped with an automatic transmission cannot be started this way. Un- burned fuel could enter the catalytic converter and once the engine has started, ignite and damage the converter and vehicle. If the vehicle has a dis- charged battery, booster cables may be used to obtain a start from a booster battery or the battery in another vehicle. This type of start can be dangerous if done improperly. See section 6 of this manual for the proper jump starting proce- dures and follow them carefully. • Never pour fuel or other flammable liquid into the throttle body air inlet opening in an attempt to start the vehicle. This could result in flash fire causing serious personal injury.

260 STARTING AND OPERATING

If the engine has been flooded, it may start to run, but not have enough power to continue running when the key is released. If this occurs, continue cranking up to 15
seconds with the accelerator pedal pushed all the way to the floor. Release the accelerator pedal and the key once the engine is running smoothly. Do not overspeed en- gine. If the engine shows no sign of starting after two 15
second periods of cranking with the accelerator pedal held to the floor, the “NORMAL STARTING” procedure should be repeated. After Starting The idle speed will automatically decrease as the engine warms up.

ENGINE BLOCK HEATER — IF EQUIPPED The engine block heater warms engine coolant and permits quicker starts in cold weather. Connect the cord to a standard 110-115 volt AC electrical outlet with a grounded, three-wire extension cord. The engine block heater cord is routed under the hood on the driver side of the vehicle. It has a removable cap that is located on the driver side of the Integrated Power Module.

WARNING!

Remember to disconnect the cord before driving. Damage to the 110-115 volt electrical cord could cause electrocution.

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION

CAUTION!

a complete stop.

Damage to the transmission may occur if the follow- ing precautions are not observed: • Shift into PARK only after the vehicle has come to • Shift into or out of REVERSE only after the vehicle has come to a complete stop and the engine is at idle speed. • Do not shift from REVERSE, PARK, or NEUTRAL into any forward gear when the engine is above idle speed. • Before shifting into any gear, make sure your foot

is firmly on the brake pedal.

STARTING AND OPERATING 261

WARNING!

It is dangerous to shift the selector lever out of “P” or “N” if the engine speed is higher than idle speed. If your foot is not firmly on the brake pedal, the vehicle could accelerate quickly forward or in re- verse. You could lose control of the vehicle and hit someone or something. Only shift into gear when the engine is idling normally and when your right foot is firmly on the brake pedal.

Brake/Transmission Interlock System This system prevents you from moving the gear shift out of PARK and into any gear unless the brake pedal is pressed. This system is active only while the ignition switch is in the ACCESSORY or ON position. Always depress the brake pedal first, before moving the gear selector out of PARK.

262 STARTING AND OPERATING

Automatic Transmission Ignition Interlock System This system prevents the key from being removed unless the shift lever is in PARK. It also prevents shifting out of PARK unless the key is in the ACCESSORY or ON position. If a malfunction occurs, the system will trap the NOTE: key in the ignition cylinder to warn you that this safety feature is inoperable. The engine can be started and stopped but the key cannot be removed until you obtain service. Four Speed Automatic Transmission The electronically controlled transmission provides a precise shift schedule. The transmission electronics are self-calibrating; therefore, the first few shifts on a new vehicle, may be somewhat abrupt. This is a normal condition, and precision shifts will develop within a few hundred miles.

Reset Mode - Electronic Transmission The transmission is monitored electronically for abnor- mal conditions. If a condition is detected that could cause damage, the transmission automatically shifts into sec- ond gear. The transmission remains in second gear despite the forward gear selected. Park (P), Reverse (R), and Neutral (N) will continue to operate. This Reset feature allows the vehicle to be driven to a dealer for service without damaging the transmission. In the event that the problem has been momentary, the transmission can be reset to regain all forward gears. • Stop the vehicle and shift into Park (P). • Turn the key to OFF then restart the engine. • Shift into the desired range and resume driving. NOTE: Even if the transmission can be reset, it is recommended that you visit a dealer at your earliest

possible convenience. Your dealer has diagnostic equip- ment to determine if the problem could recur. If the transmission cannot be reset, dealer service is required. Gear Ranges DO NOT race the engine when shifting from PARK or NEUTRAL positions into another gear range. “P” Park Supplements the parking brake by locking the transmis- sion. The engine can be started in this range. Never attempt to use PARK while vehicle is in motion. Apply parking brake when leaving vehicle in this range. For electrical system malfunctions there is an override for the interlock system. In order to override this system the key must be in the ignition with the switch in the ACC or ON positions. Pull up and rearward on the shifter bezel ring.

STARTING AND OPERATING 263

The override can be activated by pressing the pink- colored tab, which can be accessed through the lower right corner of the shifter bezel ring. While the override is pressed, the shifter can be moved out of the park position without pressing the brake. After operation return the shifter bezel ring to its original position.

Brake Interlock Override

264 STARTING AND OPERATING

“R” Reverse Shift into this range only after the vehicle has come to a complete stop. “N” Neutral Engine may be started in this range. “D” Overdrive To be used for most city and highway driving, it provides smoothest upshifts and downshifts and best fuel economy. When frequent transmission shifting occurs while using the “D” Overdrive position, such as when operating the vehicle under heavy loading conditions, (i.e. in hilly terrain, traveling into strong head winds or while towing heavy trailers), use the AutoStick mode and select the “3” range. NOTE: Using the “3” range in the AutoStick mode while operating the vehicle under heavy operating con- ditions will improve performance and extend transmis- sion life by reducing excessive shifting and heat build up.

AUTOSTICK AutoStick is a driver-interactive transmission that offers manual gear shifting capability to provide you with more control. AutoStick allows you to maximize engine brak- ing, eliminate undesirable upshifts and downshifts, and improve overall vehicle performance. This system can also provide you with more control during passing, city driving, cold slippery conditions, mountain driving, trailer towing, and many other situations. AutoStick Operation The AutoStick position is just below the Overdrive posi- tion and is identified by the word “AUTOSTICK”. When you place the shift lever in the AutoStick position, it can be moved from side to side. Moving the lever to the left (-) triggers a downshift and to the right (+) an upshift. The gear position will be shown in the transmission gear display, located in the instrument cluster.

You can shift in or out of the AutoStick mode at any time without taking your foot off the accelerator pedal. If you choose the Overdrive mode, the transmission will oper- ate automatically; shifting between the four available gears. When you wish to engage AutoStick, simply move the shift lever to the AUTOSTICK position. The transmis- sion will remain in the current gear until an upshift or downshift is chosen. Move the lever back to the Overdrive position to shift out of the AutoStick mode. AutoStick General Information • The transmission will automatically upshift from first to second gear and from second to third gear when engine speed reaches about 6300 RPM. • Downshifts from third to second gear above 74 mph (119 km/h) and from second to first gear above 41
mph (66 km/h) will be ignored.

STARTING AND OPERATING 265

• You can start out in first, second, or third gear. Shifting into fourth gear can occur only after vehicle speed reaches 15 mph (24 km/h). • The transmission will automatically downshift to first • Starting out in third gear is helpful in snowy or icy • While in the AutoStick mode, Speed Control will only

gear when coming to a stop.

conditions.

function in third or fourth gear. Downshifting out of third gear will turn off the speed control.

• If the system detects powertrain overheating,

the transmission will revert to the automatic shift mode and remain in that mode until the powertrain cools off.

266 STARTING AND OPERATING

• If the system detects a problem it will disable the AutoStick mode and the transmission will return to the automatic mode until the problem is corrected.

ALL WHEEL DRIVE — IF EQUIPPED This feature provides full time, on-demand, All Wheel Drive (AWD). The system is automatic with no driver inputs or additional driving skills required. Under nor- mal driving conditions, the front wheels provide most of the traction. If the front wheels begin to lose traction, power is shifted automatically to the rear wheels. The greater the front wheel traction loss, the greater the power transfer to the rear wheels.

CAUTION!

All wheels must have the same size and type tires. Unequal tire sizes must not be used. Unequal tire size may cause failure of the power transfer unit and/or the viscous coupling.

PARKING BRAKE When the parking brake is applied with the ignition switch on, the brake light in the instrument cluster will turn on. NOTE: This light only shows that the parking brake is applied. It does not show the degree of brake application.

Before leaving the vehicle, make sure that the parking brake is fully applied and place the gear selector in the Park position. To release the parking brake, pull out on the parking brake release located on the left side of the instrument panel.

STARTING AND OPERATING 267

When parking on a hill, it is important to set the parking brake before placing the gear selector in Park, otherwise the load on the transmission locking mechanism may make it difficult to move the selector out of park. As an added precaution, turn the front wheels toward the curb on a downhill grade and away from the curb on a uphill grade. The parking brake should always be applied when the driver is not in the vehicle.

Parking Brake Release

268 STARTING AND OPERATING

WARNING!

• Leaving children in a vehicle unattended is dan- gerous for a number of reasons. A child or others could be injured. Children should be warned not to touch the parking brake, brake pedal or the gear selector lever. Don’t leave the keys in the ignition. A child could operate power windows, other controls, or move the vehicle. • Be sure the parking brake is fully disengaged before driving: failure to do so can lead to brake failure, and an accident.

BRAKE SYSTEM In the event power assist is lost for any reason (for example, repeated brake applications with the engine off), the brakes will still function. The effort required to brake the vehicle will be much greater than that required with the power system operating.

Your vehicle is equipped with dual hydraulic brake systems. If either of the two hydraulic systems lose normal capability, the remaining system will still function. There will be some loss of overall braking effectiveness. This may be evident by increased pedal travel during application, greater pedal force required to slow or stop, and potential activation of the Brake Warning Lamp.

Anti-Lock Brake System The Anti-Lock Brake System provides increased vehicle stability and brake performance under most braking conditions. The system automatically “pumps” the brakes during severe braking conditions to prevent wheel lock-up.

WARNING!

Pumping of the Anti-Lock Brakes will diminish their effectiveness and may lead to an accident. Pumping makes the stopping distance longer. Just press firmly on your brake pedal when you need to slow down or stop.

STARTING AND OPERATING 269

WARNING!

• Anti-lock system (ABS) cannot prevent the natu- ral laws of physics from acting on the vehicle, nor can it increase braking or steering efficiency be- yond that afforded by the condition of the vehicle brakes and tires or the traction afforded.

• The ABS cannot prevent accidents,

including those resulting from excessive speed in turns, following another vehicle too closely, or hydro- planing. Only a safe, attentive, and skillful driver can prevent accidents. • The capabilities of an ABS equipped vehicle must never be exploited in a reckless or dangerous manner which could jeopardize the user’s safety or the safety of others.

270 STARTING AND OPERATING

The ABS light monitors the Anti-Lock Brake System. The light will come on when the ignition switch is turned to the ON position and may stay on for as long as four seconds. If the ABS light remains on or comes on while driving, it indicates that the Anti-Lock portion of the brake system is not functioning and that service is required. However, the conventional brake system will continue to operate normally if the BRAKE warning light is not on. If the ABS light is on, the brake system should be serviced as soon as possible to restore the benefits of Anti-Lock brakes. If the ABS light does not come on when the Ignition switch is turned to the ON position, have the bulb repaired as soon as possible. If both the Brake Warning Light and the ABS Light remain on, the Anti-Lock brakes (ABS) and Electronic Brake Force Distribution (EBD) systems are not function- ing. Immediate repair to the ABS system is required.

When the vehicle is driven over 7 mph (11 km/h), you may also hear a slight clicking sound as well as some related motor noises. These noises are the system per- forming its self check cycle to ensure that the ABS system is working properly. This self check occurs each time the vehicle is started and accelerated past 7 mph (11 km/h). ABS is activated during braking under certain road or stopping conditions. ABS-inducing conditions can in- clude ice, snow, gravel, bumps, railroad tracks, loose debris, or panic stops. You also may experience the following when the brake system goes into Anti-lock: • The ABS motor running (it may continue to run for a • the clicking sound of solenoid valves, • brake pedal pulsations,

short time after the stop),

• and a slight drop or fall away of the brake pedal at the

end of the stop.

These are all normal characteristics of ABS.

WARNING!

The Anti-Lock Brake System contains sophisticated electronic equipment that may be susceptible to interference caused by improperly installed or high output radio transmitting equipment. This interfer- ence can cause possible loss of anti-lock braking capability. Installation of such equipment should be performed by qualified professionals.

All vehicle wheels and tires must be the same size and type and tires must be properly inflated to produce accurate signals for the computer.

STARTING AND OPERATING 271

POWER STEERING The standard power steering system will give you good vehicle response and increased ease of maneuverability in tight spaces. The system will provide mechanical steering capability if power assist is lost. If for some reason, the power assist is interrupted, it will still be possible to steer your vehicle. Under these condi- tions you will observe a substantial increase in steering effort, especially at very low vehicle speeds and during parking maneuvers. Increased noise levels at the end of the steering NOTE: wheel travel are considered normal and does not indicate that there is a problem with the power steering system. Upon initial start-up in cold weather, the power steering pump may make noise for a short period of time. This is due to the cold, thick fluid in the steering system. This noise should be considered normal, and does not in any way damage the steering system.

272 STARTING AND OPERATING

WARNING!

Continued operation with reduced power steering assist could pose a safety risk to yourself and others. Service should be obtained as soon as possible.

CAUTION!

Prolong operation of the steering system at the end of the steering wheel travel will increase the steering fluid temperature and should be avoided when possible. Damage to the power steering pump may occur.

TRACTION CONTROL — IF EQUIPPED The Traction Control System reduces wheel slip and maintains traction at the driving (front) wheels. The system reduces wheel slip by engaging the brake on the wheel that is losing traction (spinning). The system will operate at speeds below 35 mph (56 km/h). The system is always in the “stand by” mode unless, • The Traction Control Switch has been used to turn the

system OFF

STARTING AND OPERATING 273

clicking sounds when in operation.

NOTE: • The Traction Control system will make buzzing or • Extended heavy use of Traction Control may cause the system to deactivate and turn on the traction control indicator located in the instrument cluster. This is to prevent overheating of the brake system and is a normal condition. The system will remain disabled for about 4 minutes until the brakes have cooled. The system will automatically reactivate and turn off the traction control indicator. • If your vehicle becomes stuck in mud, ice, or snow, turn the Traction Control System OFF before at- tempting to “rock” the vehicle free.

Traction Control Switch

• There is a Traction Control System malfunction • The system has been deactivated to prevent damage to the brake system due to overheated brake tempera- tures

274 STARTING AND OPERATING

TIRE SAFETY INFORMATION

Tire Markings

NOTE: • P (Passenger)-Metric tire sizing is based on U.S. design standards. P-Metric tires have the letter “P” molded into the sidewall preceding the size designation. Ex- ample: P215/65R15 95H.

• European Metric tire sizing is based on European design standards. Tires designed to this standard have the tire size molded into the sidewall beginning with the section width. The letter ⬙P⬙ is absent from this tire size designation. Example: 215/65R15 96H • LT (Light Truck)-Metric tire sizing is based on U.S. design standards. The size designation for LT-Metric tires is the same as for P-Metric tires except for the letters “LT” that are molded into the sidewall preced- ing the size designation. Example: LT235/85R16. • Temporary Spare tires are high pressure compact spares designed for temporary emergency use only. Tires designed to this standard have the letter “T” molded into the sidewall preceding the size designa- tion. Example: T145/80D18 103M. • High Flotation tire sizing is based on U.S. design standards and begins with the tire diameter molded into the sidewall. Example: 31x10.5 R15 LT.

Tire Sizing Chart

Size Designation:

EXAMPLE:

P = Passenger car tire size based on U.S. design standards ⴖ....blank....ⴖ = Passenger car tire based on European design standards LT = Light Truck tire based on U.S. design standards T = Temporary Spare tire 31 = Overall Diameter in Inches (in) 215 = Section Width in Millimeters (mm) 65 = Aspect Ratio in Percent (%)

—Ratio of section height to section width of tire.

10.5 = Section Width in Inches (in) R = Construction Code

—⬙R⬙ means Radial Construction. —⬙D⬙ means Diagonal or Bias Construction.

15 = Rim Diameter in Inches (in)

STARTING AND OPERATING 275

276 STARTING AND OPERATING

Service Description:

95 = Load Index

EXAMPLE:

—A numerical code associated with the maximum load a tire can carry.

H = Speed Symbol

—A symbol indicating the range of speeds at which a tire can carry a load corresponding to its load index under certain operating conditions. —The maximum speed corresponding to the Speed Symbol should only be achieved un- der specified operating conditions. (i.e. tire pressure, vehicle loading, road conditions and posted speed limits).

Load Identification:

ⴖ....blank....ⴖ = Absence of any text on sidewall of the tire indicates a Standard Load (SL) Tire Extra Load (XL) = Extra Load (or Reinforced) Tire Light Load = Light Load Tire C,D,E = Load range associated with the maximum load a tire can carry at a specified pressure

Maximum Load — Maximum Load indicates the maximum load this tire is designed to carry. Maximum Pressure — Maximum Pressure indicates the maximum permissible cold tire inflation pressure for this tire.

Tire Identification Number (TIN) The TIN may be found on one or both sides of the tire however the date code may only be on one side. Tires with white sidewalls will have the full TIN including date code

located on the white sidewall side of the tire. Look for the TIN on the outboard side of black sidewall tires as mounted on the vehicle. If the TIN is not found on the outboard side then you will find it on the inboard side of the tire.

STARTING AND OPERATING 277

EXAMPLE:

DOT MA L9 ABCD 0301

DOT = Department of Transportation

—This symbol certifies that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation tire safety standards, and is approved for highway use.

MA = Code representing the tire manufacturing location. (2 digits) L9 = Code representing the tire size. (2 digits) ABCD = Code used by tire manufacturer. (1 to 4 digits) 03 = Number representing the week in which the tire was manufactured. (2 digits)

—03 means the 3rd week.

01 = Number representing the year in which the tire was manufactured. (2 digits)

—01 means the year 2001. —Prior to July 2000, tire manufacturers were only required to have 1 number to represent the year in which the tire was manufactured. Example: 031 could represent the 3rd week of 1981 or 1991.

278 STARTING AND OPERATING

Tire Loading and Tire Pressure

Tire Placard Location

NOTE: The proper cold tire inflation pressure is listed on either the face of the driver’s door or the driver’s side “B” pillar.

Tire and Loading Information Placard

Tire and Loading Information

This placard tells you important information about the: 1) number of people that can be carried in the vehicle 2) the total weight your vehicle can carry

Tire Placard Location

3) the tire size designed for your vehicle 4) the cold tire inflation pressures for the front, rear and spare tires. Loading The vehicle maximum load on the tire must not exceed the load carrying capacity of the tire on your vehicle. You will not exceed the tire’s load carrying capacity if you adhere to the loading conditions, tire size, and cold tire inflation pressures specified on the “Tire and Loading Information” placard and in the “Vehicle Loading” sec- tion of this manual. NOTE: Under a maximum loaded vehicle condition, gross axle weight ratings (GAWR’s) for the front and rear axles must not be exceeded. For further information on GAWR’s, vehicle loading, and trailer towing, refer to the “Vehicle Loading” section of this manual.

STARTING AND OPERATING 279

To determine the maximum loading conditions of your vehicle, locate the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs.” on the Tire and Loading Information placard. The combined weight of occupants, cargo/luggage and trailer tongue weight (if applicable) should never exceed the weight referenced here. Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit 1. Locate the statement “The combined weight of occu- pants and cargo should never exceed XXX pounds” on your vehicle’s placard. 2. Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that will be riding in your vehicle. 3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver and pas- sengers from XXX kilograms or XXX pounds.

280 STARTING AND OPERATING

4. The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity. For example, if “XXX” amount equals 1400 lbs. and there will be five 150 lb. passengers in your vehicle, the amount of available cargo and luggage load capacity is 650 lb. (since 5 x 150 = 750, and 1400 – 750 = 650 lb.) 5. Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4. 6. If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle. Consult this

manual to determine how this reduces the available cargo and luggage load capacity of your vehicle. NOTE: The following table shows examples on how to calculate total load, cargo/luggage and towing capacities of your vehicle with varying seating configurations and number and size of occupants. This table is for illustra- tion purposes only and may not be accurate for the seating and load carry capacity of your vehicle. NOTE: For the following example the combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed 865 lbs. (392
Kg).

STARTING AND OPERATING 281

282 STARTING AND OPERATING

WARNING!

1. Safety—

Overloading of your tires is dangerous. Overloading can cause tire failure, affect vehicle handling, and increase your stopping distance. Use tires of the recommended load capacity for your vehicle. Never overload them.

TIRES—GENERAL INFORMATION

Tire Pressure Proper tire inflation pressure is essential to the safe and satisfactory operation of your vehicle. Three primary areas are affected by improper tire pressure:

WARNING!

Improperly inflated tires are dangerous and can cause accidents. • Under inflation increases tire flexing and can result in tire failure. • Over inflation reduces a tire’s ability to cushion shock. Objects on the road and chuck holes can cause damage that results in tire failure. • Unequal tire pressures can cause steering problems. You could lose control of your vehicle. • Over inflated or under inflated tires can affect vehicle handling and can fail suddenly, resulting in loss of vehicle control. • Unequal tire pressures from one side of the vehicle to the other can cause the vehicle to drift to the right or left. Always drive with each tire inflated to the recom- mended cold tire inflation pressure.

2. Economy— Improper inflation pressures can cause uneven wear patterns to develop across the tire tread. These abnormal wear patterns will reduce tread life resulting in a need for earlier tire replacement. Underinflation also increases tire rolling resistance and results in higher fuel consumption. 3. Ride Comfort and Vehicle Stability— Proper tire inflation contributes to a comfortable ride. Overinflation produces a jarring and uncomfortable ride. Tire Inflation Pressures The proper cold tire inflation pressure is listed on either the face of the driver’s door or the driver’s side “B” pillar. Some vehicles may have Supplemental Tire Pressure Information for vehicle loads that are less than the maximum loaded vehicle condition. These pressure con- ditions will be found in the “Supplemental Tire Pressure Information” section of this manual.

STARTING AND OPERATING 283

Tire Placard Location

The pressure should be checked and adjusted as well as inspecting for signs of tire wear or visible damage at least once a month. Use a good quality pocket-type gauge to check tire pressure. Do not make a visual judgement when determining proper inflation. Radial tires may look properly inflated even when they are under inflated.

284 STARTING AND OPERATING

CAUTION!

After inspecting or adjusting the tire pressure, al- ways reinstall the valve stem cap–if equipped. This will prevent moisture and dirt from entering the valve stem, which could damage the valve stem.

Inflation pressures specified on the placard are always “cold tire inflation pressure”. Cold tire inflation pressure is defined as the tire pressure after the vehicle has not been driven for at least 3 hours, or driven less than 1 mile (1 km) after a 3 hour period. The cold tire inflation pressure must not exceed the maximum inflation pres- sure molded into the tire side wall. Check tire pressures more often if subject to a wide range of outdoor temperatures, as tire pressures vary with temperature changes.

Tire pressures change by approximately 1 psi (7 kPa) per 12° F (7° C) of air temperature change. Keep this in mind when checking tire pressure inside a garage, especially in the winter. Example: If garage temperature = 68° F (20° C) and the outside temperature = 32° F (0° C) then the cold tire inflation pressure should be increased by 3 psi (21 kPa), which equals 1 psi (7 kPa) for every 12° F (7° C) for this outside temperature condition. Tire pressure may increase from 2 to 6 psi (13 to 40 kPa) during operation. DO NOT reduce this normal pressure build up or your tire pressure will be too low. Tire Pressures for High Speed Operation The manufacturer advocates driving at safe speeds within posted speed limits. Where speed limits or condi- tions are such that the vehicle can be driven at high speeds, maintaining correct tire inflation pressure is very important. Increased tire pressure and reduced vehicle

STARTING AND OPERATING 285

loading may be required for high speed vehicle opera- tion. Refer to original equipment or an authorized tire dealer for recommended safe operating speeds, loading and cold tire inflation pressures.

Radial-Ply Tires

WARNING!

WARNING!

High speed driving with your vehicle under maxi- mum load is dangerous. The added strain on your tires could cause them to fail. You could have a serious accident. Don’t drive a vehicle loaded to the maximum capacity at continuous speeds above 75
mph (120 km/h).

Combining radial ply tires with other types of tires on your vehicle will cause your vehicle to handle poorly. The instability could cause an accident. Al- ways use radial ply tires in sets of four (or 6, in case of trucks with dual rear wheels). Never combine them with other types of tires.

Cuts and punctures in radial tires are repairable only in the tread area because of sidewall flexing. Consult your authorized tire dealer for radial tire repairs.

286 STARTING AND OPERATING

Compact Spare Tire — If Equipped The compact spare is for temporary emergency use with radial tires. It is engineered to be used on your style vehicle only. Since this tire has limited tread life, the original tire should be repaired (or replaced) and rein- stalled at the first opportunity.

Do not install a wheel cover or attempt to mount a conventional tire on the compact spare wheel, since the wheel is designed specifically for the compact spare. Do not install more than one compact spare tire/wheel on the vehicle at any given time.

WARNING!

CAUTION!

Temporary use spare tires are for emergency use only. With these tires, do not drive more than 50 mph (80 km/h). Temporary-use spare tires have limited tread life. When the tread is worn to the tread wear indicators, the temporary use spare tire needs to be replaced. Be sure to follow the warnings which apply to your spare. Failure to do so could result in spare tire failure and loss of vehicle control.

Because of the reduced ground clearance, do not take your vehicle through an automatic car wash with the compact spare installed. Damage to the vehicle may result.

Limited Use Spare — If Equipped The limited use spare tire is for temporary emergency use on your vehicle. This tire is identified by a limited use spare tire warning label located on the limited use spare tire and wheel assembly. This tire may look like the original equipped tire on the front or rear axle of your vehicle, but it is not. Installation of this limited use spare tire affects vehicle handling. Since it is not the same tire, replace (or repair) the original tire and reinstall on the vehicle at the first opportunity.

STARTING AND OPERATING 287

WARNING!

The limited use spare tires are for emergency use only. Installation of this limited use spare tire affects vehicle handling. With this tire, do not drive more than 60 mph (100 km/h). Keep inflated to the cold tire inflation pressure listed on either your tire placard or limited use spare tire and wheel assembly. Replace (or repair) the original tire at the first opportunity and reinstall it on your vehicle. Failure to do so could result in loss of vehicle control.

Tire Spinning When stuck in mud, sand, snow, or ice conditions, do not spin your vehicle’s wheels above 35 mph (55 km/h). See the paragraph on Freeing A Stuck Vehicle in Section 6 of this manual.

288 STARTING AND OPERATING

WARNING!

Fast spinning tires can be dangerous. Forces gener- ated by excessive wheel speeds may cause tire dam- age or failure. A tire could explode and injure someone. Do not spin your vehicle’s wheels faster than 35 mph (55 km/h) when you are stuck. And don’t let anyone near a spinning wheel, no matter what the speed.

Tread Wear Indicators Tread wear indicators are in the original equipment tires to help you in determining when your tires should be replaced.

These indicators are molded into the bottom of the tread grooves and will appear as bands when the tread depth becomes 1/16 inch (2 mm). When the tread is worn to the tread wear indicators, the tire should be replaced. Many states have laws requiring tire replacement at this point.

Life of Tire The service life of a tire is dependent upon varying factors including but not limited to: • Driving style • Tire pressure • Distance driven

WARNING!

Tires and spare tire should be replaced after six years, regardless of the remaining tread. Failure to follow this warning can result in sudden tire failure. You could lose control and have an accident result- ing in serious injury or death.

STARTING AND OPERATING 289

Keep unmounted tires in a cool, dry place with as little exposure to light as possible. Protect tires from contact with oil, grease and gasoline. Replacement Tires The tires on your new vehicle provide a balance of many characteristics. They should be inspected regularly for wear and correct cold tire inflation pressure. The manu- facturer strongly recommends that you use tires equiva- lent to the originals in size, quality and performance when replacement is needed (see the paragraph on tread wear indicators). Refer to the Tire and Loading Informa- tion placard for the size designation of your tire. The service description and load identification will be found on the original equipment tire. Failure to use equivalent replacement tires may adversely affect the safety, han- dling, and ride of your vehicle. We recommend that you contact your original equipment or an authorized tire dealer with any questions you may have on tire specifi- cations or capability.

290 STARTING AND OPERATING

WARNING!

• Do not use a tire, wheel size or rating other than that specified for your vehicle. Some combinations of unapproved tires and wheels may change suspension dimensions and performance characteristics, result- ing in changes to steering, handling, and braking of your vehicle. This can cause unpredictable handling and stress to steering and suspension components. You could lose control and have an accident resulting in serious injury or death. Use only the tire and wheel sizes with load ratings approved for your vehicle. • Never use a tire with a smaller load index or capacity, other than what was originally equipped on your vehicle. Using a tire with a smaller load index could result in tire overloading and failure. You could lose control and have an accident. • Failure to equip your vehicle with tires having adequate speed capability can result in sudden tire failure and loss of vehicle control.

CAUTION!

Replacing original tires with tires of a different size may result in false speedometer and odometer read- ings.

Alignment And Balance Poor suspension alignment may result in: • Fast tire wear. • Uneven tire wear, such as feathering and one-sided • Vehicle pull to right or left. Tires may also cause the vehicle to pull to the left or right. Alignment will not correct this condition. See your dealer for proper diagnosis.

wear.

Improper alignment will not cause vehicle vibration. Vibration may be a result of tire and wheel out-of- balance. Proper balancing will reduce vibration and avoid tire cupping and spotty wear.

ALL WHEEL DRIVE (AWD) — IF EQUIPPED

CAUTION!

All Wheel Drive (AWD) vehicles must have the same size and type tires on all wheel positions. Unequal tire sizes must not be used. Unequal tire size may cause failure of the power transfer unit and/or the viscous coupling.

STARTING AND OPERATING 291

TIRE PRESSURE MONITOR SYSTEM — IF EQUIPPED The Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) system uses wireless technology with wheel rim mounted electronic sensors to monitor tire pressure levels (EXCLUDING THE SPARE TIRE). Sensors, mounted to each wheel as part of the valve stem, transmit tire pressure readings to the Electronic Vehicle Information Center (EVIC) display in the instrument cluster. It is particularly important, for you to check the NOTE: tire pressure in all of your tires regularly and too main- tain the proper pressure. When the appropriate conditions exist, the Electronic Vehicle Information Center (EVIC) displays the following messages.

292 STARTING AND OPERATING

1,2,3, OR 4 TIRE(S) LOW PRESSURE Low tire pressure levels of 26 psi [1.79 bars] (179 kPa) or less detected in one or more tires. Inspect all tires for proper inflation pressure, once the proper tire pressure has been set, the TPMS system warning will reset automatically when the vehicle has been driven for at least 2 minutes at or above 20 mph (32
km/h). CHECK TPM SYSTEM The Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) system re- quires service. See your authorized dealer for service.

CAUTION!

The TPMS system has been optimized for the origi- nal equipment tires and wheels. TPMS system pres- sures have been established for the tire size equipped on your vehicle. Undesirable system op- eration or sensor damage may result when using replacement equipment that is not of the same size, type, and/or style. After-market wheels can cause sensor damage. Do not use tire sealant or balance beads if your vehicle is equipped with a TPMS system, as damage to the sensors may result.

NOTE: • The TPMS system can inform the driver of a low tire pressure condition of 26 psi [1.79 bars] (179 kPa) or less.

• The TPMS system is not intended to replace normal tire care and maintenance, nor to provide warning of a tire failure or condition. • The TPMS system should not be used as a tire pressure

gauge while adjusting your tire pressure.

CAUTION!

After inspecting or adjusting the tire pressure al- ways reinstall the valve stem cap, if equipped. This will prevent moisture and dirt from entering the valve stem, which could damage the wheel rim sensor.

STARTING AND OPERATING 293

General Information This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules and RSS 210 of Industry Canada. Operation is subject to the following conditions: • This device may not cause harmful interference. • This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired op- eration.

The tire pressure sensors are covered under one of the following licenses:

United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . KR5S120123
Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2671-S120123

294 STARTING AND OPERATING

TIRE CHAINS Use only compact chains, or other traction aids that meet SAE type “Class S” specifications. Chains must be the proper size for the vehicle, as recommended by the chain manufacturer. NOTE: Do not use tire chains on a compact spare tire.

CAUTION!

To avoid damage to your vehicle or tires, observe the following precautions:

• Because of restricted chain clearance between tires and other

suspension components, it is important that only chains in good condition are used. Broken chains can cause serious damage. Stop the vehicle immediately if noise occurs that could indicate chain breakage. Remove the damaged parts of the chain before further use.

then retighten after driving about 1⁄2 mile (0.8 km).

• Install chains on the front wheels as tightly as possible and • Do not exceed 45 mph (70 km/h). • Drive cautiously and avoid severe turns and large bumps, • Do not use on rear wheels of All Wheel Drive (AWD) vehicles. • Do not drive for prolonged period on dry pavement. • Observe the tire chain manufacturer’s instructions on the

especially with a loaded vehicle.

method of installation, operating speed, and conditions for use. Always use the lower suggested operating speed of the chain manufacturer if different than the speed recommended by the manufacture.

In order to avoid damage to tires, chains, and NOTE: your vehicle do not drive for a prolonged period of time on dry pavement. Observe the tire chain manufacturer’s instructions on method of installation, operating speed, and conditions for usage. Always use the lower suggested operating speed if both the chain manufacturer and vehicle manufacture suggest a maximum speed. This notice applies to all chain traction devices, including link and cable (radial) chains.

SNOW TIRES Some areas of the country require the use of snow tires during winter. Standard tires are of the all season type and satisfy this requirement as indicated by the M+S designation on the tire side wall. If you need snow tires, select tires equivalent in size and type to the original equipment tires. Use snow tires only in sets of 4, failure to do so may adversely affect the safety and handling of your vehicle.

STARTING AND OPERATING 295

Snow tires generally have lower speed ratings than what was originally equipped with your vehicle and should not be operated at sustained speeds over 75 mph (120
km/h).

TIRE ROTATION RECOMMENDATIONS Tires on the front and rear axles of vehicles operate at different loads and perform different steering, driving, and braking functions. For these reasons, they wear at unequal rates, and tend to develop irregular wear pat- terns. These effects can be reduced by timely rotation of tires. The benefits of rotation are especially worthwhile with aggressive tread designs such as those on all season type tires. Rotation will increase tread life, help to maintain mud, snow, and wet traction levels, and contribute to a smooth, quiet ride.

296 STARTING AND OPERATING

Follow the recommended tire rotation frequency for your type of driving found in the “Maintenance Schedules” Section of this manual. More frequent rotation is permis- sible if desired. The reasons for any rapid or unusual wear should be corrected prior to rotation being per- formed. The suggested rotation method is the “forward-cross” shown in the following diagram.

FUEL REQUIREMENTS

Your vehicle is designed to meet all emis- sions regulations and provide satisfactory fuel economy and performance when us- ing high quality unleaded gasoline having an octane range of 87 to 89 or higher. The manufacturer recommends the use of 89

octane for optimum performance. Light spark knock at low engine speeds is not harmful to your engine. However, continued heavy spark knock at high speeds can cause damage and immediate service is required. Poor quality gasoline can cause problems such as hard starting, stalling and hesitations. If you experience these symptoms, try another brand of gasoline before consid- ering service for the vehicle.

Over 40 automobile manufacturers around the world have issued and endorsed consistent gasoline specifica- tions (the World Wide Fuel Charter, WWFC) to define fuel properties necessary to deliver enhanced emissions, engine performance, and durability for your vehicle. The manufacturer recommends the use of gasolines that meet the WWFC specifications if they are available. Reformulated Gasoline Many areas of the country require the use of cleaner burning gasoline referred to as “Reformulated Gasoline”. Reformulated gasolines contain oxygenates, and are spe- cifically blended to reduce vehicle emissions and im- prove air quality. The manufacturer supports the use of reformulated gaso- lines. Properly blended reformulated gasolines will pro- vide excellent performance and durability of engine and fuel system components.

STARTING AND OPERATING 297

Gasoline/Oxygenate Blends Some fuel suppliers blend unleaded gasoline with oxy- genates such as 10% ethanol, MTBE, and ETBE. Oxygen- ates are required in some areas of the country during the winter months to reduce carbon monoxide emissions. Fuels blended with these oxygenates may be used in your vehicle.

CAUTION!

DO NOT use gasolines containing Methanol. Use of these blends may result in starting and driveability problems and may damage critical fuel system com- ponents.

Problems that result from using methanol/gasoline blends are not the responsibility of the manufacturer. While MTBE is an oxygenate made from Methanol, it does not have the negative effects of Methanol.

298 STARTING AND OPERATING

MMT In Gasoline MMT is a manganese containing metallic additive that is blended into some gasoline to increase the octane num- ber. Gasolines blended with MMT offer no performance advantage beyond gasolines of the same octane number without MMT. Gasolines blended with MMT have shown to reduce spark plug life and reduce emission system performance in some vehicles. The manufacturer recom- mends using gasolines without MMT. Since the MMT content of gasoline may not be indicated on the pump, you should ask your gasoline retailer whether or not his/her gasoline contains MMT. It is even more important to look for gasolines without MMT in Canada, because MMT can be used at levels higher than those allowed in the United States. MMT is prohibited in Federal and California reformu- lated gasolines.

Materials Added to Fuel All gasoline sold in the United States is required to contain effective detergent additives. Use of additional detergents or other additives are not needed under normal conditions and would result in additional cost. Therefore you should not have to add anything to the fuel. Fuel System Cautions

CAUTION!

Follow these guidelines to maintain your vehicle’s performance: • The use of leaded gas is prohibited by Federal law. Using leaded gasoline can impair engine performance, damage the emission control system.

• An out-of-tune engine, or certain fuel or ignition malfunctions, can cause the catalytic converter to overheat. If you notice a pungent burning odor or some light smoke, your engine may be out of tune or malfunctioning and may require immediate service. Contact your dealer for service assistance. • The use of fuel additives which are now being sold as octane enhancers is not recommended. Most of these products contain high concentrations of methanol. Fuel system damage or vehicle performance problems resulting from the use of such fuels or additives is not the responsibility of the manufacturer.

NOTE: systems can result against you.

Intentional tampering with emissions control in civil penalties being assessed

STARTING AND OPERATING 299

Carbon Monoxide Warnings

WARNING!

Carbon monoxide (CO) in exhaust gases is deadly. Follow the precautions below to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning: • Do not inhale exhaust gases. They contain carbon monoxide, a colorless and odorless gas which can kill. Never run the engine in a closed area, such as a garage, and never sit in a parked vehicle with the engine running for an extended period. If the vehicle is stopped in an open area with the engine running for more than a short period, adjust the ventilation system to force fresh, outside air into the vehicle.

300 STARTING AND OPERATING

• Guard against carbon monoxide with proper mainte- nance. Have the exhaust system inspected every time the vehicle is raised. Have any abnormal conditions repaired promptly. Until repaired, drive with all side windows fully open. • Keep the liftgate closed when driving your vehicle to prevent carbon monoxide and other poisonous ex- haust gases from entering the vehicle.

ADDING FUEL

Fuel Filler Cap (Gas Cap) The gas cap is located behind the fuel filler door on the left side of the vehicle. If the gas cap is lost or damaged, be sure the replacement cap is for use with this vehicle.

CAUTION!

Damage to the fuel system or emission control system could result from using an improper fuel tank filler tube cap (gas cap). A poorly fitting cap could let impurities into the fuel system.

CAUTION!

To avoid fuel spillage and overfilling, do not “top off” the fuel tank after filling. When the fuel nozzle “clicks” or shuts off, the fuel tank is full.

NOTE: • Tighten the fuel filler cap until you hear a “clicking” sound. This is an indication that the fuel filler cap is properly tightened. If the vehicle diagnostic system determines that the fuel filler cap is loose, improperly installed, or damaged, GASCAP will be displayed in the instrument cluster odometer. Tighten the fuel filler cap properly and press the odometer reset button to turn the GASCAP message off. If the problem contin- ues, the message will appear the next time the vehicle is started. See Section 7 of this manual for more information. Make sure that the fuel filler cap is tightened each time the vehicle is refueled. • When the fuel nozzle “clicks” or shuts off, the fuel

tank is full.

STARTING AND OPERATING 301

WARNING!

• Never have any smoking materials lit in or near the vehicle when the gas cap is removed or the tank filled. • Never add fuel to the vehicle when the engine is • A fire may result if gasoline is pumped into a portable container that is inside of a vehicle. You could be burned. Always place gas containers on the ground while filling.

running.

302 STARTING AND OPERATING

VEHICLE LOADING The load carrying capacity of your vehicle is shown in the charts that follow. This information should be used for passenger and luggage loading as indicated. If the seatbacks are folded for carrying cargo, do not exceed the specified GVWR and GAWR. Vehicle Certification Label Your vehicle has a certification label attached to the rear of the driver’s door. The label contains the following information: • Name of manufacturer • Month and year of manufacture • Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) • Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) front • Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) rear

• Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) • Type of Vehicle • Month Day and Hour of Manufacture (MDH) The bar code allows a computer scanner to read the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN). Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) The GVWR is the total allowable weight of your vehicle. This includes driver, passengers, and cargo. The total load must be limited so that you do not exceed the GVWR. Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) The GAWR is the maximum capacity of the front and rear axles. Distribute the load over the front and rear axles evenly. Make sure that you do not exceed either front or rear GAWR.

WARNING!

Because the front wheels drive and steer the vehicle, it is important that you do not exceed the maximum front or rear GAWR. A dangerous driving condition can result if either rating is exceeded. You could lose control of the vehicle and have an accident.

Overloading The load carrying components (axle, springs, tires, wheels, etc.) of your vehicle will provide satisfactory service as long as you do not exceed the GVWR and front and rear GAWR. The best way to figure out the total weight of your vehicle is to weigh it when it is fully loaded and ready for operation. Weigh it on a commercial scale to insure that it is not over the GVWR.

STARTING AND OPERATING 303

Figure out the weight on the front and rear of the vehicle separately. It is important that you distribute the load evenly over the front and rear axles. Overloading can cause potential safety hazards and shorten useful service life. Heavier axles or suspension components do not necessarily increase the vehicle’s GVWR. Loading To load your vehicle properly, first figure out its empty weight, axle by axle and side by side. Store heavier items down low and be sure you distribute their weight as evenly as possible. Stow all loose items securely before driving. If weighing the loaded vehicle shows that you have exceeded either GAWR, but the total load is within the specified GVWR, you must redistribute the weight. Improper weight distribution can have an adverse effect on the way your vehicle steers and handles and the way the brakes operate.

304 STARTING AND OPERATING

A loaded vehicle is shown in the illustration. Note that neither the GVWR or the GAWR capacities have been exceeded.

Load (Including driver, pas- sengers and cargo)

Total

GAWR

223 lbs (101 kg) 2762 lbs (1253 kg) 2826 lbs (1282 kg)

890 lbs (404 kg) 2968 lbs (1346 kg) 3035 lbs (1377 kg)

TRAILER TOWING In this section you will find safety tips and information on limits to the type of towing you can reasonably do with your vehicle. Before towing a trailer carefully re- view this information to tow your load as efficiently and safely as possible. To maintain warranty coverage, follow the requirements and recommendations in this manual concerning ve- hicles used for trailer towing.

Example Only

Empty Weight

Front Axle 2538 lbs (1151 kg)

Rear Axle

2076 lbs (942 kg )

Common Towing Definitions The following trailer towing related definitions will assist you in understanding the following information: Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) The GVWR is the total allowable weight of your vehicle. This includes driver, passengers, cargo and tongue weight. The total load must be limited so that you do not exceed the GVWR. Gross Trailer Weight (GTW) The gross trailer weight (GTW) is the weight of the trailer plus the weight of all cargo, consumables and equipment (permanent or temporary) loaded in or on the trailer in its ⬙loaded and ready for operation⬙ condition. The recom- mended way to measure GTW is to put your fully loaded trailer on a vehicle scale. The entire weight of the trailer must be supported by the scale.

STARTING AND OPERATING 305

Gross Combination Weight Rating (GCWR) The gross combination weight rating (GCWR) is the total permissible weight of your vehicle and trailer when weighed in combination. (Note that GCWR ratings in- clude a 150 lbs (68 kg) allowance for the presence of a driver). Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) The GAWR is the maximum capacity of the front and rear axles. Distribute the load over the front and rear axles evenly. Make sure that you do not exceed either front or rear GAWR.

306 STARTING AND OPERATING

WARNING!

It is important that you do not exceed the maximum front or rear GAWR. A dangerous driving condition can result if either rating is exceeded. You could lose control of the vehicle and have an accident.

Tongue Weight (TW) The downward force exerted on the hitch ball by the trailer. In most cases it should not be less than 10% or more than 15% of the trailer load. You must consider this as part of the load on your vehicle. Frontal Area The maximum height and maximum width of the front of a trailer. Trailer Sway Control The trailer sway control is a telescoping link that can be installed between the hitch receiver and the trailer tongue

that typically provides adjustable friction associated with the telescoping motion to dampen any unwanted trailer swaying motions while traveling. Weight-Carrying Hitch A weight-carrying hitch supports the trailer tongue weight, just as if it were luggage located at a hitch ball or some other connecting point of the vehicle. These kind of hitches are the most popular on the market today and they’re commonly used to tow small- and medium-sized trailers. Weight-Distributing Hitch A weight-distributing hitch includes a receiver attached