2016 Chevrolet Sonic Owners Manual

medium, near or off. The first button press shows the current control setting on the DIC. Additional button presses will change this setting. The chosen setting will remain until it is changed and will affect both the Collision Alert and the Tailgating

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211

Alert features. The timing of both alerts will vary based on vehicle speed. The faster the vehicle speed, the farther away the alert will occur. Consider traffic and weather conditions when selecting the alert timing. The range of selectable alert timing may not be appropriate for all drivers and driving conditions. Unnecessary Alerts FCA may sometimes set unnecessary alerts to turning vehicles, vehicles in other lanes, objects that are not vehicles, or shadows. These alerts are normal operation and the vehicle does not need service. Cleaning the System If the FCA system does not seem to operate properly, cleaning the outside of the windshield in front of the rearview mirror may correct the issue.

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Driving and Operating

Lane Departure Warning (LDW) If equipped, LDW may help avoid crashes due to unintentional lane departures. It may provide an alert if the vehicle is crossing a lane without using a turn signal in that direction. LDW uses a camera sensor to detect the lane markings at speeds of 56 km/h (35 mph) or greater.

{ Warning

The LDW system does not steer the vehicle. The LDW system may not:

. Provide enough time to

avoid a crash.

. Detect lane markings under

poor weather or visibility conditions. This can occur if the windshield or headlamps are blocked by dirt, snow, or ice; if they are

(Continued)

Warning (Continued)

not in proper condition; or if the sun shines directly into the camera.

. Detect road edges. . Detect lanes on winding or

hilly roads.

If LDW only detects lane markings on one side of the road, it will only warn you when departing the lane on the side where it has detected a lane marking. Always keep your attention on the road and maintain proper vehicle position within the lane, or vehicle damage, injury, or death could occur. Always keep the windshield, headlamps, and camera sensors clean and in good repair. Do not use LDW in bad weather conditions.

How the System Works The LDW camera sensor is on the windshield ahead of the rearview mirror.

To turn LDW on and off, press LANE DEPART on the steering wheel. The control indicator will light when LDW is on.

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LDW alerts may occur due to tar marks, shadows, cracks in the road, temporary or construction lane markings, or other road imperfections. This is normal system operation; the vehicle does not need service. Turn LDW off if these conditions continue.

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213

Fuel Use of the recommended fuel is an important part of the proper maintenance of this vehicle. When driving in the U.S. and Canada, to help keep the engine clean and maintain optimum vehicle performance, we recommend using TOP TIER Detergent Gasolines. See www.toptiergas.com for a list of TOP TIER Detergent Gasolines.

When LDW is on, @ is green if LDW is available to warn of a lane departure. If the vehicle crosses a detected lane marking without using the turn signal in that direction, @ changes to amber and flashes. Additionally, there will be three beeps on the right or left, depending on the lane departure direction. When the System Does Not Seem To Work Properly The system may not detect lanes as well when there are: . Close vehicles ahead. . Sudden lighting changes, such

as when driving through tunnels.

. Banked roads. If the LDW system is not functioning properly when lane markings are clearly visible, cleaning the windshield may help.

Use regular unleaded gasoline meeting ASTM specification D4814
with a posted octane rating of 87 or higher. Do not use gasoline with an

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Driving and Operating

octane rating below 87, as it may cause engine damage and will lower fuel economy.

Use of Seasonal Fuels Use summer and winter fuels in the appropriate season. The fuels industry automatically modifies the fuel for the appropriate season. If fuel is left in the vehicle tank for long periods of time, driving or starting could be affected. Drive the vehicle until the fuel is at one-half tank or less, then refuel with the current seasonal fuel.

Prohibited Fuels Gasolines containing oxygenates such as ethers and ethanol, as well as reformulated gasolines, are available in some cities. If these gasolines comply with the previously described specification, then they are acceptable to use. However, E85 (85% ethanol) and other fuels containing more than 15% ethanol must be used only in FlexFuel vehicles.

Caution

Do not use fuel containing methanol. It can corrode metal parts in the fuel system and also damage plastic and rubber parts. That damage would not be covered under the vehicle warranty.

Some gasolines, mainly high octane racing gasolines, can contain an octane-enhancing additive called methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT). Do not use gasolines and/or fuel additives with MMT as they can reduce spark plug life and affect emission control system performance. The malfunction indicator lamp may turn on. If this occurs, see your dealer for service.

California Fuel Requirements If the vehicle is certified to meet California Emissions Standards, it is designed to operate on fuels that meet California specifications. See the underhood emission control label. If this fuel is not available in states adopting California Emissions Standards, the vehicle will operate satisfactorily on fuels meeting federal specifications, but emission control system performance might be affected. The malfunction indicator lamp could turn on and the vehicle may not pass a smog-check test. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp (Check Engine Light) 0 100. If this occurs, return to your authorized dealer for diagnosis. If it is determined that the condition is caused by the type of fuel used, repairs may not be covered by the vehicle warranty.

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Fuels in Foreign Countries If planning to drive in countries outside the U.S. or Canada, the proper fuel might be hard to find. Check regional auto club or fuel retail brand websites for availability in the country where driving. Never use leaded gasoline, fuel containing methanol, manganese, or any other fuel not recommended. Costly repairs caused by use of improper fuel would not be covered by the vehicle warranty.

Fuel Additives To keep fuel systems clean, TOP TIER Detergent Gasoline is recommended. See Fuel 0 213. If TOP TIER Detergent Gasoline is not available, one bottle of Fuel System Treatment PLUS added to the fuel tank at every engine oil change, can help. Fuel System Treatment PLUS is the only gasoline additive recommended by General Motors. It is available at your dealer.

Filling the Tank

{ Warning

Fuel vapors and fuel fires burn violently and can cause injury or death.

. To help avoid injuries to you and others, read and follow all the instructions on the fuel pump island.

. Turn off the engine when

refueling.

. Keep sparks, flames, and

smoking materials away from fuel.

. Do not leave the fuel pump

unattended.

. Do not use a cell phone

while refueling.

. Do not reenter the vehicle

while pumping fuel.

. Keep children away from

the fuel pump and never let children pump fuel.

(Continued)

Driving and Operating

215

Warning (Continued)

. Fuel can spray out if the fuel

cap is opened too quickly. This spray can happen if the tank is nearly full, and is more likely in hot weather. Open the fuel cap slowly and wait for any hiss noise to stop then unscrew the cap all the way.

The fuel cap is behind a hinged fuel door on the passenger side of the vehicle.

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Driving and Operating

To remove the fuel cap, turn it slowly counterclockwise. The fuel cap has a spring in it; if the cap is released too soon, it will spring back to the right. Be careful not to spill fuel. Do not top off or overfill the tank. Wait a few seconds after you have finished pumping before removing the nozzle. Clean fuel from painted surfaces as soon as possible. See “Washing the Vehicle” in Exterior Care 0 292.

{ Warning

Overfilling the fuel tank by more than three clicks of a standard fill nozzle may cause:

. Vehicle performance issues, including engine stalling and damage to the fuel system.

. Fuel spills. . Potential fuel fires.

When replacing the fuel cap, turn it clockwise until it clicks. Make sure the cap is fully installed. The

diagnostic system can determine if the fuel cap has been left off or improperly installed. This would allow fuel to evaporate into the atmosphere. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp (Check Engine Light) 0 100.

{ Warning

If a fire starts while you are refueling, do not remove the nozzle. Shut off the flow of fuel by shutting off the pump or by notifying the station attendant. Leave the area immediately.

Caution

If a new fuel cap is needed, be sure to get the right type of cap from your dealer. The wrong type of fuel cap may not fit properly, may cause the malfunction indicator lamp to light, and could damage the fuel tank and

(Continued)

Caution (Continued)

emissions system. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp (Check Engine Light) 0 100.

Filling a Portable Fuel Container

{ Warning

Filling a portable fuel container while it is in the vehicle can cause fuel vapors that can ignite either by static electricity or other means. You or others could be badly burned and the vehicle could be damaged. Always:

. Use approved fuel

containers.

. Remove the container from the vehicle, trunk, or pickup bed before filling.

. Place the container on the

ground.

(Continued)

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Warning (Continued)

. Place the nozzle inside the fill opening of the container before dispensing fuel, and keep it in contact with the fill opening until filling is complete.

. Fill the container no more than 95% full to allow for expansion.

. Do not smoke, light

matches, or use lighters while pumping fuel.

. Avoid using cell phones or

other electronic devices.

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217

Trailer Towing

General Towing Information The vehicle is neither designed nor intended to tow a trailer.

Conversions and Add-Ons

Add-On Electrical Equipment

{ Warning

The Data Link Connector (DLC) is used for vehicle service and Emission Inspection/Maintenance testing. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp (Check Engine Light) 0 100. A device connected to the Data Link Connector (DLC)— such as an aftermarket fleet or driver-behavior tracking device— may interfere with vehicle systems. This could affect vehicle operation and cause a crash. Such devices may also access information stored in the vehicle’s systems.

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Driving and Operating

Caution

Some electrical equipment can damage the vehicle or cause components to not work and would not be covered by the warranty. Always check with your dealer before adding electrical equipment.

Add-on equipment can drain the vehicle's 12-volt battery, even if the vehicle is not operating. The vehicle has an airbag system. Before attempting to add anything electrical to the vehicle, see Servicing the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle 0 66 and Adding Equipment to the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle 0 66.

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Vehicle Care

219

Vehicle Care

General Information

General Information . . . . . . . . . . 220
California Proposition

65 Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

California Perchlorate

Materials Requirements . . . . . 220

Accessories and

Modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

Vehicle Checks Doing Your Own

Service Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
Engine Compartment

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
Engine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
Engine Oil Life System . . . . . . . 228
Automatic Transmission

Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Manual Transmission Fluid . . . 230
Hydraulic Clutch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter . . . . . . 230
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Engine Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Engine Overheating . . . . . . . . . . 236
Washer Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Brake Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239

Battery - North America . . . . . . 240
Starter Switch Check . . . . . . . . . 240
Automatic Transmission Shift

Lock Control Function Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241

Ignition Transmission Lock

Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241

Park Brake and P (Park)

Mechanism Check . . . . . . . . . . 241
Wiper Blade Replacement . . . . 242

Headlamp Aiming

Headlamp Aiming . . . . . . . . . . . . 243

Bulb Replacement

Bulb Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Halogen Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Headlamps, Front Turn Signal

and Parking Lamps . . . . . . . . . 244

Fog Lamps (LS, LT,

and LTZ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Fog Lamps (RS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Taillamps, Turn Signal,

Stoplamps, and Back-Up Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
License Plate Lamp . . . . . . . . . . 246
Replacement Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . 247

Electrical System

Electrical System Overload . . . 248
Fuses and Circuit Breakers . . . 248

Engine Compartment Fuse

Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249

Instrument Panel Fuse

Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252

Wheels and Tires

Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
All-Season Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
Winter Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
Summer Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Tire Sidewall Labeling . . . . . . . . 256
Tire Designations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
Tire Terminology and

Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Tire Pressure Monitor

System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262

Tire Pressure Monitor

Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
Tire Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
Tire Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
When It Is Time for New

Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Buying New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
Different Size Tires and

Wheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270

Uniform Tire Quality

Grading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270

Wheel Alignment and Tire

Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
Wheel Replacement . . . . . . . . . . 272

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Vehicle Care

Tire Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
If a Tire Goes Flat . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
Tire Sealant and

Compressor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275

Storing the Tire Sealant and

Compressor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
Tire Changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
Compact Spare Tire . . . . . . . . . . 286

Jump Starting

Jump Starting - North

America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287

Towing the Vehicle

Towing the Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . 289
Recreational Vehicle

Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290

Appearance Care

Exterior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
Interior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
Floor Mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300

General Information For service and parts needs, visit your dealer. You will receive genuine GM parts and GM-trained and supported service people. Genuine GM parts have one of these marks:

California Proposition 65 Warning WARNING: Most motor vehicles, including this one, contain and/or emit chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive

harm. Engine exhaust, many parts and systems, many fluids, and some component wear by-products contain and/or emit these chemicals. See Battery - North America 0 240
and Jump Starting - North America 0 287.

California Perchlorate Materials Requirements Certain types of automotive applications, such as airbag initiators, safety belt pretensioners, and lithium batteries contained in Remote Keyless Entry transmitters, may contain perchlorate materials. Special handling may be necessary. For additional information, see www.dtsc.ca.gov/hazardouswaste/ perchlorate.

Accessories and Modifications Adding non-dealer accessories or making modifications to the vehicle can affect vehicle performance and safety, including such things as

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airbags, braking, stability, ride and handling, emissions systems, aerodynamics, durability, and electronic systems like antilock brakes, traction control, and stability control. These accessories or modifications could even cause malfunction or damage not covered by the vehicle warranty. Damage to vehicle components resulting from modifications or the installation or use of non-GM certified parts, including control module or software modifications, is not covered under the terms of the vehicle warranty and may affect remaining warranty coverage for affected parts. GM Accessories are designed to complement and function with other systems on the vehicle. See your dealer to accessorize the vehicle using genuine GM Accessories installed by a dealer technician. Also, see Adding Equipment to the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle 0 66.

Vehicle Checks

Doing Your Own Service Work

{ Warning

It can be dangerous to work on your vehicle if you do not have the proper knowledge, service manual, tools, or parts. Always follow owner manual procedures and consult the service manual for your vehicle before doing any service work.

If doing some of your own service work, use the proper service manual. It tells you much more about how to service the vehicle than this manual can. To order the proper service manual, see Service Publications Ordering Information 0 327.

Vehicle Care

221

This vehicle has an airbag system. Before attempting to do your own service work, see Servicing the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle 0 66. Keep a record with all parts receipts and list the mileage and the date of any service work performed. See Maintenance Records 0 313.

Caution

Even small amounts of contamination can cause damage to vehicle systems. Do not allow contaminants to contact the fluids, reservoir caps, or dipsticks.

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Vehicle Care

Hood To open the hood:

2. Go to the front of the vehicle

and move the secondary hood release lever toward the right side of the vehicle.

1. Pull the hood release handle

inside the vehicle. It is located on the lower left side of the instrument panel.

3. Lift the hood and release the

hood prop from its retainer, located in front of the engine compartment. Securely place the hood prop into the slot on the underside of the hood.

To close the hood: 1. Before closing the hood, be

sure all filler caps are on properly. Then, lift the hood to relieve pressure on the hood prop. Remove the hood prop from the slot in the underside of the hood and return the prop to its retainer. The prop rod must click into place when returning it to the retainer to prevent hood damage.

2. Lower the hood 30 cm (12 in) above the vehicle and release it so it fully latches. Check to make sure the hood is closed and repeat the process if necessary.

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Engine Compartment Overview

Vehicle Care

223

1.4L L4 Engine

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224

Vehicle Care

1. Engine Air Cleaner/Filter 0 230. 2. Engine Oil Dipstick. See

Engine Oil 0 226.

3. Engine Cooling Fan (Out of View). See Cooling System 0 232.

4. Engine Oil Fill Cap. See

Engine Oil 0 226.

5. Engine Coolant Surge Tank

and Pressure Cap. See Cooling System 0 232.

7. Battery - North America 0 240. 8. Windshield Washer Fluid

Reservoir. See Washer Fluid 0 237.

9. Engine Compartment Fuse

6. Brake/Clutch Fluid Reservoir.

Block 0 249.

See Brake Fluid 0 239 and Hydraulic Clutch 0 230.

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Vehicle Care

225

1.8L L4 Engine

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226

Vehicle Care

1. Engine Air Cleaner/Filter 0 230. 2. Engine Oil Dipstick. See

Engine Oil 0 226.

3. Engine Cooling Fan (Out of View). See Cooling System 0 232.

4. Engine Oil Fill Cap. See

Engine Oil 0 226.

5. Engine Coolant Surge Tank

and Pressure Cap. See Cooling System 0 232.

6. Brake/Clutch Fluid Reservoir.

See Brake Fluid 0 239 and Hydraulic Clutch 0 230.

7. Battery - North America 0 240. 8. Engine Compartment Fuse

Block 0 249.

9. Windshield Washer Fluid

Reservoir. See Washer Fluid 0 237.

Engine Oil To ensure proper engine performance and long life, careful attention must be paid to engine oil. Following these simple, but important steps will help protect your investment: . Always use engine oil approved to the proper specification and of the proper viscosity grade. See “Selecting the Right Engine Oil” in this section.

. Check the engine oil level regularly and maintain the proper oil level. See “Checking Engine Oil” and “When to Add Engine Oil” in this section.

. Change the engine oil at the

appropriate time. See Engine Oil Life System 0 228.

. Always dispose of engine oil

properly. See “What to Do with Used Oil” in this section.

If the engine oil pressure light comes on, check the engine oil level right away. The oil pressure light is on the instrument cluster. See Engine Oil Pressure Light 0 106. Check the engine oil level regularly; this is an added reminder. Checking Engine Oil It is a good idea to check the engine oil level at each fuel fill. In order to get an accurate reading, the oil must be warm and the vehicle must be on level ground. The engine oil dipstick handle is a loop. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 223 for the location of the engine oil dipstick. 1.

If the engine has been running recently, turn off the engine and allow several minutes for the oil to drain back into the oil pan. Checking the oil level too soon

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after engine shutoff will not provide an accurate oil level reading.

{ Warning

The engine oil dipstick handle may be hot; it could burn you. Use a towel or glove to touch the dipstick handle.

2. Pull out the dipstick and wipe it

with a clean paper towel or cloth, then push it back in all the way. Remove it again, keeping the tip down, and check the level.

When to Add Engine Oil

the level. See “Selecting the Right Engine Oil” in this section for an explanation of what kind of oil to use. For engine oil crankcase capacity, see Capacities and Specifications 0 315.

Caution

Do not add too much oil. Oil levels above or below the acceptable operating range shown on the dipstick are harmful to the engine. If you find that you have an oil level above the operating range, i.e., the engine has so much oil that the oil level gets above the upper mark that shows the proper operating range, the engine could be damaged. You should drain out the excess oil or limit driving of the vehicle and seek a service professional to remove the excess amount of oil.

1.4L Shown, 1.8L Similar

If the oil is below the minimum mark on the dipstick, add 1 L (1 qt) of the recommended oil and then recheck

See Engine Compartment Overview 0 223 for the location of the engine oil fill cap.

Vehicle Care

227

Add enough oil to put the level somewhere in the proper operating range. Push the dipstick all the way back in when through. Selecting the Right Engine Oil Selecting the right engine oil depends on both the proper oil specification and viscosity grade. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants 0 311.

Specification Ask for and use engine oils that meet the dexos1™ specification. Engine oils that have been approved by GM as meeting the dexos1 specification are marked with the dexos1 approved logo. See www.gmdexos.com.

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Vehicle Care

Caution

Failure to use the recommended engine oil can result in engine damage not covered by the vehicle warranty. Check with your dealer or service provider on whether the oil is approved to the dexos1 specification.

Viscosity Grade Use SAE 5W-30 viscosity grade engine oil. Cold Temperature Operation: In an area of extreme cold, where the temperature falls below −29 °C (−20 °F), an SAE 0W-30 oil may be used. An oil of this viscosity grade will provide easier cold starting for the engine at extremely low temperatures. When selecting an oil of the appropriate viscosity grade, always select an oil of the correct specification. See “Specification” earlier in this section for more information.

Engine Oil Additives/Engine Oil Flushes Do not add anything to the oil. The recommended oils meeting the dexos1 specification are all that is needed for good performance and engine protection. Engine oil system flushes are not recommended and could cause engine damage not covered by the vehicle warranty. What to Do with Used Oil Used engine oil contains certain elements that can be unhealthy for your skin and could even cause cancer. Do not let used oil stay on your skin for very long. Clean your skin and nails with soap and water, or a good hand cleaner. Wash or properly dispose of clothing or rags containing used engine oil. See the manufacturer's warnings about the use and disposal of oil products. Used oil can be a threat to the environment. If you change your own oil, be sure to drain all the oil from the filter before disposal. Never dispose of oil by putting it in the

trash or pouring it on the ground, into sewers, or into streams or bodies of water. Recycle it by taking it to a place that collects used oil.

Engine Oil Life System

When to Change Engine Oil This vehicle has a computer system that indicates when to change the engine oil and filter. This is based on a combination of factors which include engine revolutions, engine temperature, and miles driven. Based on driving conditions, the mileage at which an oil change is indicated can vary considerably. For the oil life system to work properly, the system must be reset every time the oil is changed. When the system has calculated that oil life has been diminished, it indicates that an oil change is necessary. A : % CHANGE message in the DIC comes on. See Vehicle Messages 0 111. Change the oil as soon as possible within the next 1 000 km (600 mi). It is possible that, if driving under the best conditions, the oil life system

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might indicate that an oil change is not necessary for up to a year. The engine oil and filter must be changed at least once a year and, at this time, the system must be reset. Your dealer has trained service people who will perform this work and reset the system. It is also important to check the oil regularly over the course of an oil drain interval and keep it at the proper level. If the system is ever reset accidentally, the oil must be changed at 5 000 km (3,000 mi) since the last oil change. Remember to reset the oil life system whenever the oil is changed. How to Reset the Engine Oil Life System Reset the system whenever the engine oil is changed so that the system can calculate the next engine oil change. To reset the system: 1. Press the MENU button to

show Remaining Oil Life on the display. This display shows an estimate of the oil’s remaining

useful life. If 99% is displayed, that means that 99% of the current oil life remains.

2. To reset the engine oil life

system, press the SET/CLR button while the oil life display is active. After a few seconds, there will be a single chime and the oil life will be reset to 100%.

Be careful not to reset the oil life display accidentally at any time other than after the oil is changed. It cannot be reset accurately.

Vehicle Care

229

If the : % CHANGE message in the DIC comes back on when the vehicle is started, the engine oil life system has not reset. Repeat the procedure.

Automatic Transmission Fluid

How to Check Automatic Transmission Fluid It is not necessary to check the transmission fluid level. A transmission fluid leak is the only reason for fluid loss. If a leak occurs, take the vehicle to your dealer and have it repaired as soon as possible. There is a special procedure for checking and changing the transmission fluid. Because this procedure is difficult, you should have this done at your dealer. Change the fluid at the intervals listed in Maintenance Schedule 0 302, and be sure to use the fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants 0 311.

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Vehicle Care

Manual Transmission Fluid It is not necessary to check the manual transmission fluid level. A transmission fluid leak is the only reason for fluid loss. If a leak occurs, take the vehicle to your dealer and have it repaired as soon as possible. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants 0 311 for the proper fluid to use.

Hydraulic Clutch For vehicles with a manual transmission, it is not necessary to regularly check brake/clutch fluid unless there is a leak suspected. Adding fluid will not correct a leak. A fluid loss in this system could indicate a problem. Have the system inspected and repaired. When to Check and What to Use The common hydraulic clutch and brake master cylinder fluid reservoir is filled with DOT 3 brake fluid as

indicated on the reservoir cap. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 223 for reservoir location. How to Check and Add Fluid Visually check the brake/clutch fluid reservoir to make sure the fluid level is at the MIN (minimum) line on the side of the reservoir. The brake/ hydraulic clutch fluid system should be closed and sealed. Do not remove the cap to check the fluid level or to top‐off the fluid level. Remove the cap only when necessary to add the proper fluid until the level reaches the MIN line.

Engine Air Cleaner/Filter The engine air cleaner/filter is located in the engine compartment on the passenger side of the vehicle. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 223 for more information on location.

When to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter For intervals on changing and inspecting the engine air cleaner/ filter, see Maintenance Schedule 0 302. How to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter Do not start the engine or have the engine running with the engine air cleaner/filter housing open. Before removing the engine air cleaner/ filter, make sure that the engine air cleaner/filter housing and nearby components are free of dirt and debris. Remove the engine air cleaner/filter. Lightly tap and shake the engine air cleaner/filter (away from the vehicle), to release loose dust and dirt. Inspect the engine air cleaner/filter for damage, and replace if damaged. Do not clean the engine air cleaner/filter or components with water or compressed air.

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To inspect or replace the air cleaner/ filter:

1.4L L4 Engine

1.8L L4 Engine

1. Remove the two screws, tilt the

cover, and slide it out of the assembly. Inspect or replace the engine air cleaner/filter.

2.

3. Lower the cover, slide it into

the assembly, then secure with the two screws.

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231

{ Warning

Operating the engine with the air cleaner/filter off can cause you or others to be burned. The air cleaner not only cleans the air; it helps to stop flames if the engine backfires. Use caution when working on the engine and do not drive with the air cleaner/filter off.

Caution

If the air cleaner/filter is off, dirt can easily get into the engine, which could damage it. Always have the air cleaner/filter in place when you are driving.

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Cooling System The cooling system allows the engine to maintain the correct working temperature.

1.4L L4 Engine

1. Engine Cooling Fan (Out

of View)

2. Engine Coolant Surge Tank

and Pressure Cap

1.8L L4 Engine

1. Engine Cooling Fan (Out

of View)

2. Engine Coolant Surge Tank

and Pressure Cap { Warning

An electric engine cooling fan under the hood can start up even when the engine is not running and can cause injury. Keep hands, clothing, and tools away from any underhood electric fan.

{ Warning

Heater and radiator hoses, and other engine parts, can be very hot. Do not touch them. If you do, you can be burned. Do not run the engine if there is a leak. If you run the engine, it could lose all coolant. That could cause an engine fire, and you could be burned. Get any leak fixed before you drive the vehicle.

Caution

Using coolant other than DEX-COOL® can cause premature engine, heater core, or radiator corrosion. In addition, the engine coolant could require changing sooner. Any repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Always use DEX-COOL (silicate-free) coolant in the vehicle.

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Engine Coolant The cooling system in the vehicle is filled with DEX-COOL engine coolant. This coolant is designed to remain in the vehicle for 5 years or 240 000 km (150,000 mi), whichever occurs first. The following explains the cooling system and how to check and add coolant when it is low. If there is a problem with engine overheating, see Engine Overheating 0 236. What to Use

{ Warning

Adding only plain water or some other liquid to the cooling system can be dangerous. Plain water and other liquids, can boil before the proper coolant mixture will. The coolant warning system is set for the proper coolant mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture, the engine could get too hot but you would not get the

(Continued)

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233

Warning (Continued)

Caution

overheat warning. The engine could catch fire and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/ 50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant.

Use a 50/50 mixture of clean drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant. This mixture: . Gives freezing protection down

to −37 °C (−34 °F), outside temperature.

. Gives boiling protection up to

129 °C (265 °F), engine temperature.

. Protects against rust and

corrosion.

. Will not damage aluminum parts. . Helps keep the proper engine

temperature.

If improper coolant mixture, inhibitors, or additives are used in the vehicle cooling system, the engine could overheat and be damaged. Too much water in the mixture can freeze and crack engine cooling parts. The repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Use only the proper mixture of engine coolant for the cooling system. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants 0 311.

Never dispose of engine coolant by putting it in the trash, pouring it on the ground, or into sewers, streams, or bodies of water. Have the coolant changed by an authorized service center, familiar with legal requirements regarding used coolant disposal. This will help protect the environment and your health.

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Checking Coolant The vehicle must be on a level surface when checking the coolant level. It is normal to see coolant moving in the upper coolant hose return line when the engine is running. Check to see if coolant is visible in the coolant surge tank. If the coolant inside the coolant surge tank is boiling, do not do anything else until it cools down. If coolant is visible but the coolant level is not at or above the mark pointed to, add a 50/50 mixture of clean drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant. Be sure the cooling system is cool before this is done. If no coolant is visible in the coolant surge tank, add coolant as follows:

How to Add Coolant to the Coolant Surge Tank

Caution

This vehicle has a specific coolant fill procedure. Failure to follow this procedure could cause the engine to overheat and be severely damaged.

If no problem is found, check to see if coolant is visible in the coolant surge tank. If coolant is visible but the coolant level is not at the indicated level mark, add a 50/ 50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant at the coolant surge tank, but be sure the cooling system, including the coolant surge tank pressure cap, is cool before you do it.

{ Warning

Steam and scalding liquids from a hot cooling system can blow out and burn you badly. Never turn

(Continued)

Warning (Continued)

the cap when the cooling system, including the surge tank pressure cap, is hot. Wait for the cooling system and surge tank pressure cap to cool.

{ Warning

Adding only plain water or some other liquid to the cooling system can be dangerous. Plain water and other liquids, can boil before the proper coolant mixture will. The coolant warning system is set for the proper coolant mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture, the engine could get too hot but you would not get the overheat warning. The engine could catch fire and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/ 50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant.

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235

Caution

In cold weather, water can freeze and crack the engine, radiator, heater core, and other parts. Use the recommended coolant and the proper coolant mixture.

{ Warning

You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts. Coolant contains ethylene glycol and it will burn if the engine parts are hot enough. Do not spill coolant on a hot engine.

1.4L Engine Shown, 1.8L Engine

Similar

1. Remove the coolant surge tank pressure cap when the cooling system, including the coolant surge tank pressure cap and upper radiator hose, is no longer hot. Turn the pressure cap slowly counterclockwise about one-quarter of a turn. If you hear a hiss, wait for that to stop. This will allow any pressure still left to be vented out the discharge hose.

2. Keep turning the pressure cap

slowly and remove it.

3. Fill the coolant surge tank with the proper DEX-COOL coolant mixture to the indicated level mark.

4. With the coolant surge tank

pressure cap off, start the engine and let it run until you can feel the upper radiator hose getting hot. Watch out for the engine cooling fan.

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Vehicle Care

By this time, the coolant level inside the coolant surge tank may be lower. If the level is lower, add more of the proper DEX-COOL coolant mixture to the coolant surge tank until the level reaches the indicated level mark.

5. Replace the pressure cap

tightly.

Check the level in the coolant surge tank when the cooling system has cooled down. If the coolant is not at the proper level, repeat Steps 1– 3 and reinstall the pressure cap. If the coolant still is not at the proper level when the system cools down again, see your dealer.

Engine Overheating The vehicle has an indicator to warn of the engine overheating. If the decision is made not to lift the hood when this warning appears, get service help right away. See Roadside Assistance Program 0 322. If the decision is made to lift the hood, make sure the vehicle is parked on a level surface. Then check to see if the engine cooling fan is running. If the engine is overheating, the fan should be running. If it is not, do not continue to run the engine. Have the vehicle serviced.

Caution

Caution

If the pressure cap is not tightly installed, coolant loss and possible engine damage may occur. Be sure the cap is properly and tightly secured.

Running the engine without coolant may cause damage or a fire. Vehicle damage would not be covered by the vehicle warranty.

If Steam Is Coming from the Engine Compartment { Warning

Steam from an overheated engine can burn you badly, even if you just open the hood. Stay away from the engine if you see or hear steam coming from it. Just turn it off and get everyone away from the vehicle until it cools down. Wait until there is no sign of steam or coolant before you open the hood. If you keep driving when the engine is overheated, the liquids in it can catch fire. You or others could be badly burned. Stop the engine if it overheats, and get out of the vehicle until the engine is cool.

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If No Steam Is Coming from the Engine Compartment If an engine overheat warning is displayed but no steam can be seen or heard, the problem may not be too serious. Sometimes the engine can get a little too hot when the vehicle: . Climbs a long hill on a hot day. . Stops after high-speed driving. Idles for long periods in traffic.

If the overheat warning is displayed with no sign of steam: 1. Turn the air conditioning off. 2. Turn the heater on to the

highest temperature and to the highest fan speed. Open the windows as necessary.

3. When it is safe to do so, pull off

the road, shift to P (Park) or N (Neutral) for an automatic transmission or Neutral for a manual transmission, and let the engine idle.

If the overheat warning no longer displays, the vehicle can be driven. Continue to drive the vehicle slowly for about 10 minutes. Keep a safe vehicle distance from the vehicle in front. If the warning does not come back on, continue to drive normally and have the cooling system checked for proper fill and function. If the warning continues, pull over, stop, and park the vehicle right away. If there is no sign of steam, idle the engine for three minutes while parked. If the warning is still displayed, turn off the engine until it cools down.

Washer Fluid

What to Use When the vehicle needs windshield washer fluid, be sure to read the manufacturer's instructions before use. If operating the vehicle in an area where the temperature may fall below freezing, use a fluid that has sufficient protection against freezing.

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237

Adding Washer Fluid

Open the cap with the washer symbol on it. Add washer fluid until the tank is full. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 223 for reservoir location.

Caution

. Do not use washer fluid that

contains any type of water repellent coating. This can cause the wiper blades to chatter or skip.

. Do not use engine coolant

(antifreeze) in the windshield washer. It can damage the windshield washer system and paint.

(Continued)

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Vehicle Care

Caution (Continued)

. Do not mix water with

ready-to-use washer fluid. Water can cause the solution to freeze and damage the washer fluid tank and other parts of the washer system.

. When using concentrated

washer fluid, follow the manufacturer instructions for adding water.

. Fill the washer fluid tank

only three-quarters full when it is very cold. This allows for fluid expansion if freezing occurs, which could damage the tank if it is completely full.

Brakes Disc brake pads have built-in wear indicators that make a high-pitched warning sound when the brake pads are worn and new pads are needed. The sound can come and go or be

heard all the time when the vehicle is moving, except when applying the brake pedal firmly.

{ Warning

The brake wear warning sound means that soon the brakes will not work well. That could lead to a crash. When the brake wear warning sound is heard, have the vehicle serviced.

Caution

Continuing to drive with worn-out brake pads could result in costly brake repair.

Some driving conditions or climates can cause a brake squeal when the brakes are first applied or lightly applied. This does not mean something is wrong with the brakes. Properly torqued wheel nuts are necessary to help prevent brake pulsation. When tires are rotated, inspect brake pads for wear and

evenly tighten wheel nuts in the proper sequence to torque specifications. See Capacities and Specifications 0 315. Brake pads should be replaced as complete sets. Brake Pedal Travel See your dealer if the brake pedal does not return to normal height, or if there is a rapid increase in pedal travel. This could be a sign that brake service may be required. Replacing Brake System Parts Always replace brake system parts with new, approved replacement parts. If this is not done, the brakes may not work properly. The braking performance expected can change in many other ways if the wrong replacement brake parts are installed or parts are improperly installed.

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Brake Fluid

The brake/clutch master cylinder reservoir is filled with DOT 3 brake fluid as indicated on the reservoir cap. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 223 for the location of the reservoir. There are only two reasons why the brake fluid level in the reservoir might go down: . Normal brake lining wear. When

new linings are installed, the fluid level goes back up.

. A fluid leak in the brake/clutch

hydraulic system. Have the brake/clutch hydraulic system fixed. With a leak, the brakes will not work well.

Always clean the brake fluid reservoir cap and the area around the cap before removing it.

Do not top off the brake/clutch fluid. Adding fluid does not correct a leak. If fluid is added when the linings are worn, there will be too much fluid when new brake linings are installed. Add or remove fluid, as necessary, only when work is done on the brake/clutch hydraulic system.

{ Warning

If too much brake fluid is added, it can spill on the engine and burn, if the engine is hot enough. You or others could be burned, and the vehicle could be damaged. Add brake fluid only when work is done on the brake hydraulic system.

When the brake/clutch fluid falls to a low level, the brake warning light comes on. See Brake System Warning Light 0 102.

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239

Brake fluid absorbs water over time. Replace brake fluid at the specified intervals to prevent increased stopping distance. See Maintenance Schedule 0 302.

What to Add Use only GM approved DOT 3
brake fluid from a clean, sealed container. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants 0 311.

{ Warning

The wrong or contaminated brake fluid could result in damage to the brake system. This could result in the loss of braking leading to a possible injury. Always use the proper brake fluid.

Caution

If brake fluid is spilled on the vehicle's painted surfaces, the paint finish can be damaged. Immediately wash off any painted surface.

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Vehicle Care

Battery - North America The original equipment battery is maintenance free. Do not remove the cap and do not add fluid. Refer to the replacement number shown on the original battery label when a new battery is needed. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 223 for battery location. { Warning WARNING: Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. Batteries also contain other chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer. WASH HANDS AFTER HANDLING. See California Proposition 65 Warning 0 220.

Vehicle Storage

{ Warning

Batteries have acid that can burn you and gas that can explode. You can be badly hurt if you are not careful. See Jump Starting - North America 0 287 for tips on working around a battery without getting hurt.

Infrequent Usage: Remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery to keep the battery from running down. Extended Storage: Remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery or use a battery trickle charger.

Starter Switch Check

{ Warning When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.

1. Before starting this check, be

sure there is enough room around the vehicle.

2. Apply both the parking brake

and the regular brake. Do not use the accelerator pedal, and be ready to turn off the engine immediately if it starts.

3. For automatic transmission

vehicles, try to start the engine in each gear. The vehicle should start only in P (Park) or N (Neutral). If the vehicle starts in any other position, contact your dealer for service.

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For manual transmission vehicles, put the shift lever in Neutral, push the clutch pedal down halfway, and try to start the engine. The vehicle should start only when the clutch pedal is pushed down all the way to the floor. If the vehicle starts when the clutch pedal is not pushed all the way down, contact your dealer for service.

Automatic Transmission Shift Lock Control Function Check

{ Warning When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.

1. Before starting this check, be

sure there is enough room around the vehicle. It should be parked on a level surface.

2. Apply the parking brake. Be

ready to apply the regular brake immediately if the vehicle begins to move.

3. With the engine off, turn the

ignition on, but do not start the engine. Without applying the regular brake, try to move the shift lever out of P (Park) with normal effort. If the shift lever moves out of P (Park), contact your dealer for service.

Ignition Transmission Lock Check While parked, and with the parking brake set, try to turn the ignition to LOCK/OFF in each shift lever position. . For automatic transmission

vehicles, the ignition should turn to LOCK/OFF only when the shift lever is in P (Park). . For manual transmission

vehicles, the ignition should turn to LOCK/OFF only when the shift lever is in neutral.

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241

On all vehicles, the ignition key should come out only in LOCK/OFF. Contact your dealer if service is required.

Park Brake and P (Park) Mechanism Check { Warning

When you are doing this check, the vehicle could begin to move. You or others could be injured and property could be damaged. Make sure there is room in front of the vehicle in case it begins to roll. Be ready to apply the regular brake at once should the vehicle begin to move.

Park on a fairly steep hill, with the vehicle facing downhill. Keeping your foot on the regular brake, set the parking brake. . To check the parking brake's

holding ability: With the engine running and the transmission in N (Neutral), slowly remove foot

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Vehicle Care

pressure from the regular brake pedal. Do this until the vehicle is held by the parking brake only.

. To check the P (Park)

mechanism's holding ability: With the engine running, shift to P (Park). Then release the parking brake followed by the regular brake.

Contact your dealer if service is required.

Wiper Blade Replacement

Front Wiper Blade Replacement Windshield wiper blades should be inspected for wear or cracking. See the Maintenance Schedule 0 302 for more information. Replacement blades come in different types and are removed in different ways. For proper windshield wiper blade length and type, see Maintenance Replacement Parts 0 312.

Caution

Allowing the wiper arm to touch the windshield when no wiper blade is installed could damage the windshield. Any damage that occurs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Do not allow the wiper arm to touch the windshield.

To replace the windshield wiper blade: 1. Pull the windshield wiper assembly away from the windshield.

2. Squeeze the tabs on each side

of the wiper blade assembly and slide the assembly off the end of the wiper arm.

3.

Install the new blade onto the arm and make sure the tabs are fully set in the locked position.

4. Repeat the steps for the other

wiper.

Rear Wiper Blade Replacement

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1. Pull the wiper arm a short

distance away from the glass (1).

2. Pull the blade out from

the arm (2). It may require extra effort to remove the old blade.

Headlamp Aiming Headlamp aim has been preset and should need no further adjustment. If the vehicle is damaged in a crash, the headlamp aim may be affected. If adjustment to the headlamps is necessary, see your dealer.

Bulb Replacement For the proper type of replacement bulbs, see Replacement Bulbs 0 247. For any bulb-changing procedure not listed in this section, contact your dealer.

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243

Halogen Bulbs

{ Warning

Halogen bulbs have pressurized gas inside and can burst if you drop or scratch the bulb. You or others could be injured. Be sure to read and follow the instructions on the bulb package.

3. Once the blade pin disengages from the wiper arm, remove the wiper blade by sliding the pin out of the guide hole.

4. Reverse the steps to install the

new blade.

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Vehicle Care

Headlamps, Front Turn Signal and Parking Lamps

2. For the driver side bulb,

7. Reconnect the wiring harness

remove the windshield washer bottle filler neck by turning it one-quarter turn counterclockwise and pulling it straight up and out of the bottle.

8.

connector. Install the headlamp bulb access cover.

9. For the driver side bulb,

replace the windshield washer bottle filler neck by turning it one-quarter turn clockwise into the bottle.

Parking/Turn Signal Lamp 1. Open the hood. See Hood

0 222.

Passenger Side Shown, Driver Side Similar

1. High-Beam Headlamp 2. Low-Beam Headlamp 3. Parking/Turn Signal Lamps

High-Beam Headlamp/ Low-Beam Headlamp 1. Open the hood. See Hood

0 222.

3. Remove the headlamp bulb

access cover.

4. Turn the bulb counterclockwise

and pull straight back.

5. Disconnect the wiring harness

6.

connector from the bulb. Install the new bulb in the headlamp assembly by turning clockwise.

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2. Remove the parking/turn signal

5. Reconnect the electrical

lamp bulb socket from the headlamp assembly by turning counterclockwise.

4.

3. Remove the bulb from the bulb socket by pulling it straight out. Install the new bulb in the bulb socket. Install the bulb socket into the headlamp assembly by turning clockwise.

5.

connector.

Fog Lamps (RS) To replace the front fog lamp bulb: 1. Locate the fog lamp cover

behind the front fascia.