2003 Chevrolet Silverado Owners Manual

Axle Ratio

Maximum Trailer Weight

GCWR

8100 V8

3.73 4.10 3.73

9,900 Ibs. (4 490 kg) 4.1 (6 123 kg)**

15,500 Ibs. (7 030 kg) 22,000 15,200 Ibs. (6 894 kg)**

16,000 Ibs. (7 264 kg) 20,000 Ibs. (9 080 kg) 13,500 Ibs.

Ibs. (9 988 kg) 22,000 Ibs. (9 988 kg)

6.6L V8 Diesel * Tongue weight should be 10 percent to 15 percent of trailer weight up to 1,500 Ibs (680 kg). Fifth-wheel or gooseneck kingpin weight should be 15 percent to 25 percent of trailer weight up to 3,000 Ibs. (1 360 kg) maximum. ** Limited to 12,000 Ibs. (5 443 kg) with weight distributing hitch.

Vehicle* GCWR K-2500 LD (4WD)*

6000 V8

Maximum Trailer Weight Axle Ratio

3.73 4.10

kg) 10,200 Ibs. (4 626 kg)

14,000 Ibs. (6 356 kg) 8,200 Ibs. (3 719 16,000 Ibs. (7 264 kg)

* Tongue weight should be 10 percent to 15 percent of trailer weight up to 1,500 Ibs (680 kg). Fifth-wheel or gooseneck kingpin weight should be 15 percent to 25 percent of trailer weight up to 2,500 Ibs. (1 133 kg) maximum. ** Limited to 12,000 Ibs. (5 443 kg) with weight distributing hitch.

4-78

4-79

4-80

4-8 1

Rating (GCWR) is the

The Gross Combination Weight total allowable weight of the completely loaded vehicle and trailer including any passengers, cargo, equipment and conversions. The GCWR for your vehicle should not be You can ask your dealer for our trailering information or advice, or you can write us at the address listed in your Warranty and Owner Assistance Information Booklet.

exceeded. Oshawa,

In Canada, write to: General Motors of Canada Limited Customer Communications Centre, 163-005 1908 Colonel Sam Drive

Ontario L1 H 8P7

4-82

Weight of the Trailer Tongue The tongue load (A) of any trailer is an important weight to measure because it affects the total or gross weight of your vehicle. The Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) includes the curb weight of the vehicle, any cargo you may carry in it, and the people who will be riding in the vehicle. And if you will tow a trailer, you must add the tongue load to the GVW because your vehicle will be carrying that weight, too. See Loading Your Vehicle on page 4-56 for more information about your vehicle’s maximum load capacity.

If you’re using a weight-carrying or a weight-distributing hitch, the trailer tongue weight (A) should be 10 percent to 15 percent of the total loaded trailer weight (6). Do not exceed the maximum allowable tongue weight for your vehicle. After you’ve loaded your trailer, weigh the trailer and then the tongue, separately, to see if the weights are proper. If they aren’t, you may be able to get them right simply by moving some items around in the trailer. Total Weight on Your Vehicle’s Tires Be sure your vehicle’s tires are inflated to the upper limit for cold tires. You’ll find these numbers on the Certification label at the rear edge of the driver’s door or see Loading Your Vehicle on page 4-56. Then be sure you don’t go over the GVW limit for your vehicle, including the weight of the trailer tongue. If you use a weight distributing hitch, make sure you don’t go over the rear axle limit before you apply the weight distribution spring bars.

4-a3

Hitches It’s important to have the correct hitch equipment. Crosswinds, large trucks going by and rough roads are a few reasons why you’ll need the right hitch. Here are some rules to follow:

If you use a step-bumper hitch, your bumper could be damaged in sharp turns. Make sure you have ample room when turning to avoid contact between the trailer and the bumper. If you’ll be pulling a trailer that, when loaded, will weigh more than 5,000 Ibs. (2 270 kg) be sure to use a properly mounted, weight-distributing hitch and sway control of the proper size. This equipment is very important for proper vehicle loading and good handling when you’re driving.

Safety Chains You should always attach chains between your vehicle and your trailer. Cross the safety chains under the tongue of the trailer to help prevent the tongue from contacting the road if it becomes separated from the hitch. Instructions about safety chains may be provided by the hitch manufacturer or by the trailer manufacturer. If you are towing a trailer up to 5,000 Ibs. (2 271 kg) with a factory-installed step bumper, you may attach the safety chains to the attaching points on the bumper. If you are towing a trailer up to your vehicle’s trailer rating limit you may attach the safety

4-84

chains to the attaching point on the hitch platform. If you are towing with an aftermarket hitch follow the trailer or hitch manufacturer’s recommendation for attaching safety chains. Always leave just enough slack so you can turn with your rig. Never allow safety chains to drag on the ground. Trailer Brakes If your trailer weighs more than 2,000 Ibs. (900 kg) loaded, then it needs its own brakes - and they must be adequate. Be sure to read and follow the instructions for the trailer brakes so you’ll be able to install, adjust and maintain them properly. Your trailer brake system can tap into the vehicle’s hydraulic brake system only if:

The trailer parts can withstand 3,000 psi (20 650 kPa) of pressure. The trailer’s brake system will use less than 0.02 cubic inch (0.3 cc) of fluid from your vehicle’s master cylinder. Otherwise, both braking systems won’t work well. You could even lose your brakes. If everything checks out this far, make the brake tap at the port on the master cylinder that sends the fluid to the rear brakes. But don’t use copper tubing for this. If you do, it will bend and finally break off. Use steel brake tubing.

Driving with a Trailer Towing a trailer requires a certain amount of experience. Before setting out for the open road, you’ll want to get to know your rig. Acquaint yourself with the feel of handling and braking with the added weight of the trailer. And always keep in mind that the vehicle you are driving is now a good deal longer and not nearly as responsive as your vehicle is by itself. Before you start, check the trailer hitch and platform (and attachments), safety chains, electrical connector, lamps, tires and mirror adjustment. If the trailer has electric brakes, start your vehicle and trailer moving and then apply the trailer brake controller by hand to be sure the brakes are working. This lets you check your electrical connection at the same time. During your trip, check occasionally to be sure that the load is secure, and that the lamps and any trailer brakes are still working. While towing a trailer or when exposed to long periods of sunshine, the floor of the truck bed may become very warm. Avoid putting items in the truck bed that might be affected by high ambient temperatures.

Following Distance Stay at least twice as far behind the vehicle ahead as you would when driving your vehicle without a trailer. This can help you avoid situations that require heavy braking and sudden turns. Passing You’ll need more passing distance up ahead when you’re towing a trailer. And, because you’re a good deal longer, you’ll need to go much farther beyond the passed vehicle before you can return to your lane. Backing Up Hold the bottom of the steering wheel with one hand. Then, to move the trailer to the left, just move that hand to the left. To move the trailer to the right, move your hand to the right. Always back up slowly and, if possible, have someone guide you. Making Turns Notice: Making very sharp turns while trailering could cause the trailer to come in contact with the vehicle. Your vehicle could be damaged. Avoid making very sharp turns while trailering. When you’re turning with a trailer, make wider turns than normal. Do this so your trailer won’t strike soft shoulders, curbs, road signs; trees or other objects. Avoid jerky or sudden maneuvers. Signal well in advance.

4-85

Turn Signals When Towing a Trailer The arrows on your instrument panel will flash whenever you signal a turn or lane change. Properly hooked up, the trailer lamps will also flash, telling other drivers you’re about to turn, change lanes or stop. When towing a trailer, the arrows on your instrument panel will flash for turns even if the bulbs on the trailer are burned out. Thus, you may think drivers behind you are seeing your signal when they are not. It’s important to check occasionally to be sure the trailer bulbs are still working. Driving On Grades Reduce speed and shift to a lower gear before you start down a long or steep downgrade. If you don’t shift down, you might have to use your brakes so much that they would get hot and no longer work well. If you have an automatic transmission, you can tow in DRIVE (D). You may want to shift the transmission to lower gear selection if the transmission shifts too often (e.g., under heavy loads and/or hilly conditions).

You may also want to activate the tow/haul mode if the transmission shifts too often. See Tow/Haul Mode Light on page 3-48. If you have a 5-speed manual transmission and you are towing a trailer, it’s better not to use FIFTH (5) gear. Just drive in FOURTH (4) gear (or, as you need to, a lower gear). If you have a 6-speed manual transmission and you are towing a trailer, it’s better not to use SIXTH (6) gear. Drive in FIFTH (5) gear (or, as you need to, a lower gear). When towing at high altitude on steep uphill grades, consider the following: Engine coolant will boil at a lower temperature than at normal altitudes. If you turn your engine off immediately after towing at high altitude on steep uphill grades, your vehicle may show signs similar to engine overheating. To avoid this, let the engine run while parked (preferably on level ground) with the automatic transmission in PARK (P) (or the manual transmission out of gear and the parking brake applied) for a few minutes before turning the engine off. If you do get the overheat warning, see Engine Overheating on page 5-36.

4-86

-

Pal a 'ng on Hills

You really should not park your vehicle, with a trailer attached, on a hill. If something goes wrong, your rig could start to move. People can be injured, and both your vehicle and the trailer can be damaged.

But if you ever have to park your rig on a hill, here's how to do it: 1. Apply your regular brakes, but don't shift into

PARK (P) yet for an automatic transmission, or into gear for a manual transmission.

2. Have someone place chocks under the trailer

wheels.

3. When the wheel chocks are in place, release the regular brakes until the chocks absorb the load.

4. Reapply the regular brakes. Then apply your parking brake and shift into PARK (P) for an automatic transmission, or REVERSE (R) for a manual transmission.

5. If you have a four-wheel-drive vehicle, be sure the

transfer case is in a drive gear and not in NEUTRAL.

6. Release the regular- '--?akes.

It can be dangerous to get out of your vehicle if in PARK (P) with the the shift lever is not fully parking brake firmly set. Your vehicle can roll. If you have left the engine running, the vehicle can move suddenly. You or others could be injured. To be sure your vehicle won't move, even when you're on fairly level ground, use the steps that follow. Always put the shift lever fully the parking brake firmly set. If the transfer case on four-wheel drive vehicles is in NEUTRAL, your vehicle will be free to roll, even if your shift lever sure the transfer case NEUTRAL.

is in PARK (P). So, be is in a drive gear -- not in

in PARK (P) with

4-87

When You Are Ready to Leave After Parking on a Hill 1. Apply your regular brakes and hold the pedal down

while you:

start your engine, shift into a gear, and release the parking brake.

2. Let up on the brake pedal. 3. Drive slowly until the trailer is clear of the chocks. 4. Stop and have someone pick up and store the

chocks.

Maintenance When Trailer Towing Your vehicle will need service more often when you’re pulling a trailer. See the Maintenance Schedule for more on this. Things that are especially important in trailer operation are automatic transmission fluid (don’t overfill), engine oil, axle lubricant, belt, cooling system and brake system. Each of these is covered in this manual, and the Index will help you find them quickly. If you’re trailering, it’s a good idea to review these sections before you start your trip. Check periodically to see that all hitch nuts and bolts are tight.

4-88

Trailer Wiring Harness Your vehicle is equipped with one of the following wiring harnesses for towing a trailer or hauling a slide-in camper. Basic Trailer Wiring All regular, extended cab crew cab pickups have a six-wire trailer towing harness.

The six-wire harness is located at the rear of the vehicle and is tied to the vehicle’s frame. The harness requires the installation of a trailer-wiring harness connector, which is available through your dealer.

Trailer Wiring Harness Package

The six-wire harness contains the following trailer circuits: 0 Yellow: Left Stop/Turn Signal

Dark Green: Right Stopnurn Signal Brown: Taillamps

0 White: Ground

Light Green: Back-up Lamps Light Blue: Center High-Mounted Stoplamp (CHMSL)

If you need to upgrade your trailer wiring harness, an additional 2-wire harness and 7 pin universal trailer connector are available from your dealer.

~~~~

tour pickup may be equipped with the eight-wire trailer towing harness. This harness with a seven-pin universal trailer connector is attached to a bracket on the hitch platform.* * The Center High-Mounted Stoplamp (CHMSL) wire is tied next to the trailer wiring harness for use with a trailer, slide-in camper or cap.

4-89

The eight-wire harness contains the following trailer circuits:

Yellow: Left Stopnurn Signal Dark Green: Right Stopnurn Signal Brown: Taillamps White: Ground Light Green: Back-up Lamps Light Blue: CHMSL Red: Battery Feed Dark Blue: Trailer Brake

If your trailer is equipped with electric brakes, you can get a jumper harness (electric trailer brake control) with a trailer battery feed fuse from your dealer. If you need to tow a light-duty trailer with a standard four-way round pin connector you can also get an adapter from your dealer.

4-90

Camper/Fifth-Wheel Trailer Wiring Package The eight-wire camper harness is located under the front edge of the pickup box on the driver’s side of the vehicle, attached to the frame bracket. A connector will have to be added to the wiring harness which connects to the camper. The eight-wire harness contains the following camperhrailer circuits:

Yellow: Left Stopnurn Signal Dark Green: Right Stop/Turn Signal Brown: Taillamps White: Ground Light Green: Back-up Lamps Light Blue: Center High-Mounted Stoplamp (CHMSL) Red: Battery Feed Dark Blue: Trailer Brake

A jumper harness for an electric trailer brake controller and a trailer battery feed fuse are included with this trailering package. (See Instrument Panel Jumper Wiring Harness later in this section.)

A

If your vehicle has this provision, this relay will be located on the passenger’s side of the vehicle, next to the auxiliary battery.

If your vehicle is equipped with the “Heavy-Duty Trailering” option, please refer to Heavy-Duty Trailer Wiring Package, earlier in this section. When the camper-wiring harness is ordered without the heavy-duty trailering package, an eight-wire harness with a seven-pin connector and separate CHMSL connector are located at the rear of the vehicle and are tied to the vehicle’s frame. Auxiliary Battery The auxiliary battery provision can be used to supply electrical power to additional equipment that you may choose to add, such as a slide-in camper.

When using this provision, connection should only be made to the upper stud (A) of the relay. Do not make connections to the lower stud (€3) of the relay. The auxiliary battery circuit is protected by a megafuse located behind the auxiliary battery. Be sure to follow the proper installation instructions that are included with any electrical equipment that you install. Notice: When using the auxiliary battery provision, the electrical load must not exceed 30 amps. Always turn off any electrical equipment when not in use. Leaving electrical equipment on for extended periods will drain your battery.

4-9 1

Power Winches If you wish to use a power winch on your vehicle, only use it when your vehicle is stationary or anchored. Power Take-Off (PTO) Before using a PTO, refer to the manufacturer’s or installer’s instructions. To engage a PTO on a vehicle with a manual transmission do the following:

1. Hold the clutch pedal down. 2. Set the parking brake. 3. Shift the transmission into NEUTRAL (N). 4. Engage the PTO. Refer to the manufacturer’s or

installer’s for instructions on electrically engaged PTOs.

5. For mobile operations, shift the transmission into the gear you want, apply the regular brakes and release the parking brake. For stationary operations, leave the parking brake applied.

6. Release the clutch and regular brakes as you normally would. When the clutch is released, the PTO will start.

7. Turn the PTO rotary switch to ON.

To engage a PTO on a vehicle with an automatic transmission do the following:

1. For stationary use shift the transmission into

PARK (P).

2. Turn the PTO rotary switch ON. 3. If the engine speed is below the PTO engage

speed limit, the PTO will start. The blinking LED on the PTO control switch indicates PTO engage is requested. When PTO engages the LED will switch from blinking to a steady light.

To use PTO speed control in Preset Mode (Factory Setting) do the following: 1. Engage the PTO 2. Select PARK (P) or NEUTRAL (N) range. Apply the parking brake if NEUTRAL (N) is selected. Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) is not available in NEUTRAL (N) and is available only in PARK ( P) when engine speed is above 1 , I 00 rpm.

3. Make sure your foot is off the brake pedal (and off

the clutch on vehicles equipped with a manual transmission).

4. Select the desired engine speed for PTO operation.

Read the following preset mode information regarding operation.

4-92

To use PTO speed control in variable mode (while stationary) do the following: 1. Engage the PTO. 2. Vehicle speed must be less than 5 mph. 3. Make sure your foot is off the brake pedal (and off

the clutch for vehicles equipped with a manual transmission).

4. Select the desired engine speed by using the foot

pedal, and select SET on the PTO switch or the cruise control.

Preset Mode: PTO speed control mode is used for stationary applications. (PTO will remain engaged while mobile in the preset mode, however PTO set and resume speed controls will be inoperative). This mode provides a default standby speed of 800 or 850 rpm (depending on the engine/transmission combination) and two default PTO control speeds which follow: 1. PPO Set Speed of 1,250 rpm, or 2. PTO Resume Speed of 1,700 rprn. Please note that the standby speed (800/850 rpm) is not to be used as a PTO control speed. Vehicles not equipped with cruise control will not have the resume speed capability. To use PTO speed control in variable mode (while mobile) do the following: 1. Engage the PTO. 2. Vehicle speed must be greater than 5 mph. 3. Make sure your foot is off the brake pedal (and off

the clutch for vehicles equipped with a manual transmission).

4. Select the desired engine speed by using the foot

pedal, and select SET on the PTO switch or the cruise control.

4-93

Variable Mode: PTO speed control mode can be used for both stationary and mobile applications. This mode allows PTO to be controlled in a fashion similar to how cruise control sets vehicle speed. The operator can set to an rpm (between 800 and 2,200) with the cruise control feature or with the SET position on the PTO switch. The operator is then able to increase rpm in increments of 100, or ”tap up” with the resume position on the cruise control. Or, the operator can decrease rpm in increments of 100 with the SET switch on the PTO or the cruise control. Vehicles not equipped with cruise control will not have the “tap up” capability.. All engine speed values listed above are factory preset values. With the exception of the TCC lockup speed (1,100 rpm) and the “tap” increment (1 00 rpm), all of these values are programmable and can be adjusted by your dealer or body upfitter. If the PTO software settings do not match the settings shown here, then they may have already been altered in order to satisfy the requirements of the installed PTO system and body equipment.

Step-Bumper Pad Your vehicle has a rear step bumper with a rear step pad at the center of the bumper.

If you will be using the bumper to tow a trailer, and your step-bumper has three cutout circles, you must push out the center cutout circle to install the trailer ball.

If your step-bumper has only one cutout circle, you will have to cut out the circle, then remove it to install the trailer ball.

4-94

Section 5

Service and Appearance Care

Service ............................................................ 5.3 Doing Your Own Service Work ......................... 5-4 Adding Equipment to the Outside of Your

Vehicle ...................................................... 5.4 Fuel ................................................................ 5.5 Gasoline Octane ............................................ 5.5 Gasoline Specifications .................................... 5.5 California Fuel ............................................... 5.6 Additives ....................................................... 5.6 Fuels in Foreign Countries ............................... 5.7 Filling Your Tank ............................................ 5-7 Filling a Portable Fuel Container ....................... 5-9 Checking Things Under the Hood ...................... 5-10 Hood Release .............................................. 5-10 Engine Compartment Overview ....................... 5-12 Engine Oil ................................................... 5-17 Engine Air CleanedFilter ................................ 5-23 Automatic Transmission Fluid

(Except Allison Transmission) ...................... 5-25

Automatic Transmission Fluid

(Allison Transmission) ...............................

5-28 Manual Transmission Fluid ............................. 5-31 5-32 Hydraulic Clutch ........................................... Engine Coolant ............................................. 5-33 .................. 5-36 Coolant Surge Tank Pressure Cap

Engine Overheating ........................... ..... 5.36 ..... 5-39 Cooling System ................................ Engine Fan Noise ......................................... 5-44 Power Steering Fluid ..................................... 5-44 Windshield Washer Fluid ................................ 5-46 Brakes ........................................................ 5-47 Battery ........................................................ 5-50 Jump Starting ............................................... 5-51 Rear Axle ....................................................... 5.57 Four-wheel Drive ............................................ 5.58 Noise Control System ..................................... 5.60

Tampering with Noise Control System

Prohibited .................................................

5-60 Bulb Replacement .......................................... 5.61 Halogen Bulbs .............................................. 5.61 Headlamps .................................................. 5.61 Front Turn Signal, Sidemarker and Daytime

Running Lamps ......................................... 5-63 ...................................... 5-64

Roof Marker Lamps Center High-Mounted Stoplamp (CHMSL) and

Cargo Lamp ............................................. 5-66

Pickup Box Identification and Fender Marker

Lamps ..................................................... 5-67 ..... 5-67 Taillamps ......................................... Replacement Bulbs .................................... 5.70

5- 1

Section 5

Service and Appearance Care

Windshield Wiper Blade Replacement .............. 5-71 Tires .............................................................. 5.72 Inflation .. Tire Pressure ............................... 5.73 Dual Tire Operation ....................................... 5.74 Tire Inspection and Rotation ........................... 5.74 When It Is Time for New Tires ....................... 5-77 Buying New Tires ......................................... 5.78 Uniform Tire Quality Grading .......................... 5.79 Wheel Alignment and Tire Balance .................. 5-80 Wheel Replacement ...................................... 5.80 Tire Chains .................................................. 5-82 If a Tire Goes Flat ........................................ 5.83 Changing a Flat Tire ................................. 5-84 ........ 5.102 ..... 5.102 Cleaning the Inside of Your Vehicle ... Care of Safety Belts .................................... 5-1 05 Weatherstrips ..................................... 5.105

Appearance Care ..........................

Cleaning the Outside of Your Vehicle ............. 5-105 Sheet Metal Damage ................................... 5-107 Finish Damage ........................................... 5-107 Underbody Maintenance ............................... 5.108 Chemical Paint Spotting ............................... 5-108 GM Vehicle Care/Appearance Materials .......... 5.108 Vehicle Identification .................................... 5-1 10 Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) ............... 5 - 1 10 Service Parts Identification Label ................... 5.110 Electrical System .......................................... 5-1 11 Add-on Electrical Equipment ......................... 5-1 11 Windshield Wiper Fuses ............................... 5-1 11 Power Windows and Other Power Options ..... 5-1 11 Fuses and Circuit Breakers .......................... 5-1 11 Capacities and Specifications ........................ 5-120 Capacities and Specifications ........................ 5-120 Normal Maintenance Replacement Parts ......... 5-124

5-2

Service Your dealer knows your vehicle best and wants you to be happy with it. We hope you'll go to your dealer for a!! your senice needs. You'll get genuine GM parts and GM-trained and supported service people. We hope you'll want to keep your GM vehicle all GM. Genuine GM parts have one of these marks:

5-3

Doing Your Own Service Work If you want to do some of your own service work, you’ll want to use the proper service manual. It tells you much more about how to service your vehicle than this manual can. To order the proper service manual, see Service Publications Ordering Information on page 7- IO. Your vehicle has an air bag system. Before attempting to do your own service work, see Servicing Your Air Bag-Equipped Vehicle on page 1-77. You should keep a record with all parts receipts and list the mileage and the date of any service work you perform. See Part E: Maintenance Record on page 6-27.

be injured and your vehicle could be You ,,n damaged if you try to do service work on a vehicle without knowing enough about it.

Be sure you have sufficient knowledge, experience, the proper replacement parts and tools before you attempt any vehicle maintenance task.

CAUTION:

(Continued)

5-4

Be sure to use the proper nuts, bolts and other fasteners. “English” and “metric” fasteners can be easily confused. If you use the wrong fasteners, parts can later break or fall off. You could be hurt.

Adding Equipment to the Outside of Your Vehicle Things you might add to the outside of your vehicle can affect the airflow around it. This may cause wind noise and affect windshield washer performance. Check with your dealer before adding equipment to the outside of your vehicle.

Fuel if your vehicle has a diesel engine, see “Diesel Fuel Requirements and Fuel System” in the Diesel Engine Supplement. For vehicles with gasoline engines, please read this. Gasoline Octane Use regular unleaded gasoline with a posted octane of 87 or higher. If the octane is less than 87, you may get a heavy knocking noise when you drive. If this occurs, use a gasoline rated at 87 octane or higher as soon as possible. Otherwise, you might damage your engine. A little pinging noise when you accelerate or drive uphill is considered normal. This does not indicate a problem exists or that a higher-octane fuel is necessary. If you are using 87 octane or higher-octane fuel and hear heavy knocking, your engine needs service.

Gasoline Specifications It is recommended that gasoline meet specifications which were developed by the American Automobile Manufacturers Association and endorsed by the Canadian Vehicle Manufacturers Association for better vehicle performance and engine protection. Gasoline meeting these specifications could provide improved driveability and emission control system performance compared to other gasoline.

In Canada, look for the “Auto Makers’ Choice” label on the pump.

Canada Only

5-5

General Motors recommends that you use these gasolines, particularly if they comply with the specifications described earlier. Notice: Your vehicle was not designed for fuel that contains methanol. Don’t use fuel containing methanol. It can corrode metal parts in your fuel system and also damage the plastic and rubber parts. That damage wouldn’t be covered under your warranty. Some gasolines that are not reformulated for low emissions may contain an octane-enhancing additive called methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT); ask the attendant where you buy gasoline whether the fuel contains MMT. General Motors does not recommend the use of such gasolines. Fuels containing MMT can reduce the life of spark plugs and the performance of the emission control system may be affected. The malfunction indicator lamp may turn on. If this occurs, return to your authorized GM dealer for service.

California Fuel If your vehicle is certified to meet California Emission Standards (see the underhood emission control label), it is designed to operate on fuels that meet California specifications. If this fuel is not available in states adopting California emissions standards, your vehicle will operate satisfactorily on fuels meeting federal specifications, but emission control system performance may be affected. The malfunction indicator lamp may turn on (see Malfunction Indicator Lamp on page 3-44) and your vehicle may fail a smog-check test. If this occurs, return to your authorized GM dealer for diagnosis. If it is determined that the condition is caused by the type of fuel used, repairs may not be covered by your warranty. Additives To provide cleaner air, all gasolines in the United States are now required to contain additives that will help prevent engine and fuel system deposits from forming, allowing your emission control system to work properly. You should not have to add anything to your fuel. Gasolines containing oxygenates, such as ethers and ethanol, and reformulated gasolines may be available in your area to contribute to clean air.

5-6

Fuels in Foreign Countries

If you plan on driving in another country outside the United States or Canada, the proper fuel may be hard to find. Never use leaded gasoline or any other fuel not recommended in the previous text on fuel. Costly repairs caused by use of improper fuel wouldn’t be covered by your warranty. To check the fuel availability, ask an auto club, or contact a major oil company that does business in the country where you’ll be driving.

Filling Your Tank

Fuel vapor is highly flammable. It burns violently, and that can cause very bad injuries. Don’t smoke if you’re near fuel or refueling your vehicle. Keep sparks, flames and smoking materials away from fuel.

The fuel cap is located behind a hinged door on the driver’s side of the vehicle.

5-7

lg

If you get fu on yourself and t..,’n so met^ ignites it, you could be badly burned. Fuel can spray out on you if you open the fuel cap too quickly. This spray can happen nearly full, and is more likely in hot weather. Open the fuel cap slowly and wait for any “hiss” noise to stop. Then unscrew the cap all the way.

if your tank is

While refueling, hang the fuel cap by the tether using the hook located on the inside of the filler door. To remove the fuel cap, turn it slowly to the left (counterclockwise).

5-8

Be careful not to spill gasoline. Clean gasoline from painted surfaces as soon as possible. See Cleaning the Outside of Your Vehicle on page 5- 105. When you put the fuel cap back on, turn it to the right (clockwise) until you hear a clicking sound. Make sure you fully install the cap. The diagnostic system can determine if the fuel cap has been left off or improperly installed. This would allow fuel to evaporate into the atmosphere. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp on page 3-44. Notice: If you need a new fuel cap, be sure to get the right type. Your dealer can get one for you. If you get the wrong type, it may not fit properly. This may cause your malfunction indicator lamp to light and may damage your fuel tank and emissions See “Malfunction Indicator Lamp” in the Index.

system.

Filling a Portable Fuel Container

Never fill a portable fuel container while it is in your vehicle. Static electricity discharge from the container can ignite the gasoline vapor. You can be badly burned and your vehicle damaged if this occurs. To help avoid injury to you and others:

0 Bring the fill nozzle in contact with the

inside of the fill opening before operating the nozzle. Contact should be maintained until the filling is complete. Don’t smoke while pumping gasoline.

Dispense gasoline only into approved containers.

0 Do not fill a container while it is inside a

vehicle, in a vehicle’s trunk, pickup bed or on any surface other than the ground.

CAUTION:

(Continued)

5-9

Checking Things Under the Hood

Hood Release To open the hood do the following:

1. Pull the handle inside

the vehicle located under and to the left of the steering wheel.

Th JS that b n can get on hot engine parts and start a fire. These include liquids like fuel, oil, coolant, brake fluid, windshield washer and other fluids, and plastic or rubber. You or others could be burned. Be careful not to drop or spill things that will burn onto a hot engine.

5-1 0

2. Then go to the front of the vehicle and pull up on

the secondary hood release located near the center of the grill.

3. Lift the hood.

Before closing the hood, be sure all filler caps are on properly. Pull down the hood and close it firmly.

5-1 1

Engine Compartment Overview When you lift up the hood on the VORTEC 4300 V6 engine, you’ll see the following:

5-1 2

A. Engine Air CleanedFilter B. Coolant Surge Tank C. Air Filter Restriction Indicator D. Engine Oil Dipstick E. Automatic Transmission Dipstick (If equipped) F. Fan G. Engine Oil Fill H. Power Steering Fluid Reservoir

(If Equipped)

1. Remote Negative (-) Terminal (GND) J. Remote Positive (+) Terminal K. Brake Fluid Reservoir L. Clutch Fluid Reservoir (rt' Equipped) M. Underhood Fuse Block N, Battery 0. Windshield Washer Fluid Reservoir

5-1 3

A. Engine Air Cleaner/Filter B. Coolant Surge Tank C. Air Filter Restriction Indicator (If Equipped) D. Engine Oil Dipstick E. Automatic Transmission Dipstick ( I f Equipped) F. Engine Oil Fill G. Fan H. Remote Negative (-) Terminal (GND)

I. Power Steering Fluid Reservoir J. Remote Positive (+) Terminal K. Brake Fluid Reservoir L. Clutch Fluid Reservoir (If Equipped) M. Underhood Fuse Block N. Battery 0. Windshield Washer Fluid Reservoir

5-1 5

A. Engine Air Cleaner/Filter B. Coolant Surge Tank C. Air Filter Restriction Indicator (If Equipped) D. Engine Oil Dipstick E. Automatic Transmission Dipstick (If Equipped) F. Engine Oil Fill G. Fan H. Remote Negative (-) Terminal (GND) I. Remote Positive (+) Terminal J. Power Steering Fluid Reservoir K. Brake Fluid Reservoir L. Clutch Fluid Reservoir (If Equipped) M. Underhood Fuse Block N. Battery 0. Windshield Washer Fluid Reservoir

If your vehicle has a diesel engine, see “Engine Oil” in the Diesel Engine Supplement. if the CHECK OIL LEVEL light appears on the instrument cluster, it means you need to check your engine oil level right away. For more information, see Driver lnformation Center (Ole) on page 3-50. You should check your engine oil level regularly; this is an added reminder.

5-1 7

Checking Engine Oil It’s a good idea to check your engine oil every time you get fuel. In order to get an accurate reading, the oil must be warm and the vehicle must be on level ground.

Pull out the dipstick and clean it with a paper towel or cloth, then push it back in all the way. Remove it again keeping the tip down, and check the level.

All Other Engines

The engine oil dipstick has a yellow ring handle and is located in the engine compartment on the passenger’s side of the vehicle. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 5-72 for more information on location. Turn off the engine and give the oil several minutes to drain back into the oil pan. If you don’t, the oil dipstick might not show the actual level.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 . . . . . . . , . . . . *

8.1 L Engine

5-1 8

When to Add Engine Oil If the oil is at or below the cross-hatched area at the tip of the dipstick, then you’ll need to add at least one quart of oil. But you must use the right kind. This part explains what kind of oil to use. For engine oil crankcase capacity, see Capacities and Specifications on page 5- 120. Notice: Don’t add too much oil. If your engine has so much oil that the oil level gets above the cross-hatched area that shows the proper operating range, your engine could be damaged.

The engine oil fill cap for the VORTEC 4800,5300 and 6000 V8 engines is located on the engine valve cover on the passenger’s side of the vehicle. On the 81 00 engine, the oil fill cap is located on the front of the engine. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 5- 12 for more information on location.

Be sure to fill it enough to put the level somewhere in the proper operating range. Push the dipstick all the way back in when you’re through.

5-1 9

What Kind of Engine Oil to Use Oils recommended for your vehicle can be identified by looking for the starburst symbol. This symbol indicates that the oil has been certified by the American Petroleum Institute (API). Do not use any oil which does not carry this starburst symbol.

If you choose to perform the engine oil change service yourself, be sure the oil you use has the starburst symbol on the front of the oil container. If you have your oil changed for you, be sure the oil put into your engine is American Petroleum Institute certified for gasoline engines.

RECOMMENDED SAE VISCOSITI GRADE ENGINE OILS

LOOK

FOR MIS SYMBOL

HOT

WEATHER

L A SAE 5w-30

ACCEPTABLE IF5W-3OIS NOT

AVAILABLE

You should also use the proper viscosity oil for your vehicle, as shown in the viscosity chart.

RECOMMENDED

COLD

WEATHER

DO NOT USE SAE 1OW-40, SAE 20W-50 OR ANY OTHER VISCOSITY GRADE OIL NOT RECOMMENDED

5-20

As in the chart shown previously, SAE 5W-30 is the only viscosity grade recommended for your vehicle. You should look for and use only oils which have the API Starburst symbol and which are also identified as SAE 5W-30. If you cannot find such SAE 5W-30 oils, you can use an SAE IOW-30 oil which has the API Starburst symbol, if it's going to be 0°F (-18°C) or above. Do not use other viscosity grade oils, such as SAE IOW-40 or SAE 20W-50 under any conditions.

for

Notice: Use only engine oil with the American Petroleum Institute Certified For Gasoline Engines starburst symbol. Failure to use the recommended oil can result in engine damage not covered by your warranty. GM Goodwrench@ oil meets all the requirements your vehicle. If you are in an area of extreme cold, where the temperature falls below -20°F (-29"C), it is recommended that you use either an SAE 5W-30 synthetic oil or an SAE OW-30 oil. Both will provide easier cold starting and better protection for your engine at extremely low temperatures. Engine Oil Additives Don't add anything to your oil. The recommended oils with the starburst symbol are all you will need for good performance and engine protection.

When to Change Engine Oil (GM Oil Life SystemTM) Your vehicle has a computer system that lets you know when to change the engine oil and filter. This is based on engine revolutions and engine temperature, and not on mileage. Based on driving conditions, the mileage at which an oil change will be indicated can vary considerably. For the oil life system to work properly, you must reset the system every time the oil is changed. When the system has calculated that oil life has been diminished, it will indicate that an oil change is necessary. A CHANGE ENGINE OIL light will come on. Change your oil as soon as possible within the next two times you stop for fuel. It is possible that, if you are driving under the best conditions, the oil life system may not indicate that an oil change is necessary for over a year. However, your engine oil and filter must be changed at least once a year and at this time the system must be reset. It is also important to check your oil regularly and keep it at the proper level. If the system is ever reset accidentally, you must change your oil at 3,000 miles (5 000 km) since your last oil change. Remember to reset the oil life system whenever the oil is changed.

5-2 1

How to Reset the GM Oil Life System Press the fuel information button until ENGINE OIL LIFE appears in the display. The GM Oil Life System shows an estimate of the oil’s remaining useful life. It will show 100% when the system is reset after an oil change. It will alert you to change your oil on a schedule consistent with your driving conditions. Always reset the engine oil life after an oil change. To reset the Oil Life System press and hold the select button while ENGINE OIL LIFE is displayed. The DIC does not replace the need to maintain your vehicle as recommended in the Maintenance Schedule in this manual. Also, the oil change reminder will not detect dusty conditions or engine malfunctions that may affect the oil. Also, the oil change reminder does not measure how much oil you have in your engine. So be sure to check your oil level often.

What to Do with Used Oil Used engine oil contains certain elements that may be unhealthy for your skin and could even cause cancer. Don’t let used oil stay on your skin for very long. Clean your skin and nails with soap and water, or a good hand cleaner. Wash or properly dispose of clothing or rags containing used engine oil. See the manufacturer’s warnings about the use and disposal of oil products. Used oil can be a threat to the environment. If you change your own oil, be sure to drain all the oil from the filter before disposal. Never dispose of oil by putting it in the trash, pouring it on the ground, into sewers, or into streams or bodies of water. Instead, recycle it by taking it to a place that collects used oil. If you have a problem properly disposing of your used oil, ask your dealer, a service station or a local recycling center for help.

5-22

Engine Air CleanedFilter The air cleanedfilter assembly has an indicator, if equipped, that lets you know when the engine air cleanedfilter is dirty and needs to be serviced. The air cleanedfilter indicator is located on the air cleaner cover. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 5-12 for more information on location. See Part B: Owner Checks and Services on page 6- 1 1 to determine when to check the indicator.

The service window A with the percentage scale shows the amount of engine air cleaner/filter life used. When both service window A and service window E3

After changing the air filter, press the top button on the indicator to reset it.

The air cleanedfilter assembly is located on the front corner of the engine compartment on the passenger’s side of the vehicle. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 5-12 for more information on location.

5-23

Operating the engine with the air cleanedfilter off can cause you or others to be burned. The air cleaner not only cleans the air, it stops flame if the engine backfires. If it isn’t there and the engine backfires, you could be burned. Don’t drive with it off, and be careful working on the engine with the air cleaner/filter off.

Notice: If the air cleaner/filter is off, a backfire can cause a damaging engine fire. And, dirt can easily get into your engine, which will damage it. Always have the air cleanedfilter in place when you’re driving.

To replace the engine air cleaner/filter do the following:

1. Loosen the screws on the cover of the housing

and lift up the cover.

2. Remove the air cleanedfilter from the housing. Care should be taken to dislodge as little dirt as possible.

3. Clean the filter sealing surface and the housing. 4. Install the new engine air cleaner/filter. 5. Reinstall the cover and tighten the screws. Refer to the Maintenance Schedule to determine when to replace the engine air cleaner/filter. See Part B: Owner Checks and Services on page 6- 11. 5-24

Automatic Transmission Fluid (Except Allison Transmission) When to Check and Change

A good time to check your automatic transmission fluid level is when the engine oil is changed. Change both the fluid and filter every 50,000 miles (83 000 km) if the vehicle’s GVWR is over 8,600 or if the vehicle is mainly driven under one or more of these conditions:

In heavy city traffic where the outside temperature regularly reaches 90°F (32°C) or higher. In hilly or mountainous terrain. When doing frequent trailer towing.

0 Uses such as found in taxi, police or delivery

service.

If your vehicle’s GVWR is not over 8,600 and you do not use your vehicle under any of these conditions, change the fluid and filter every 100,000 miles (1 66 000 km). See Part A: Scheduled Maintenance Services on page 6-4.

How to Check Because this operation can be a little difficult, you may choose to have this done at the dealership service department. If you do it yourself, be sure to follow all the instructions here, or you could get a false reading on the dipstick.

Notice: Too much or too little fluid can damage your transmission. Too much can mean that some of the fluid could come out and fall on hot engine part or exhaust system parts, starting a fire. Too little fluid could cause the transmission to overheat. Be sure to get an accurate reading if you check your transmission fluid. Wait at least 30 minutes before checking the transmission fluid level if you have been driving: 0 When outside temperatures are above 90°F (32°C)~

At high speed for quite a while. In heavy traffic - especially in hot weather.

* While pulling a trailer. To get the right reading, the fluid should be at normal operating temperature, which is 180°F to 200°F (82°C to 93°C).

5-25

Then, without shutting off the engine, follow these steps:

-1

The red transmission dipstick handle with the graphic is located at the rear of the engine compartment, on the passenger's side.

See Engine Compartment Overview on page 5-12 for more information on location. 1. Flip the handle up and then pull out the dipstick

and wipe it with a clean rag or paper towel.

2. Push it back in all the way, wait three seconds and

then pull it back out again.

Get the vehicle warmed up by driving about 15 miles (24 km) when outside temperatures are above 50°F (10°C). If it's colder than 50°F (IOOC), drive the vehicle in THIRD (3) until the engine temperature gage moves and then remains steady for 10 minutes. A cold fluid check can be made after the vehicle has been sitting for eight hours or more with the engine off, but this is used only as a reference. Let the engine run at idle for five minutes if outside temperatures are 50°F (10°C) or more. If it's colder than 50°F (1 OOC), you may have to idle the engine longer. Should the fluid level be low during this cold check, you must check the fluid hot before adding fluid. Checking the fluid hot will give you a more accurate reading of the fluid level. Checking the Fluid Level Prepare your vehicle as follows:

Park your vehicle on a level place. Keep the engine running. With the parking brake applied, place the shift lever in PARK (P). With your foot on the brake pedal, move the shift lever through each gear range, pausing for about three seconds in each range. Then, position the shift lever in PARK (P). Let the enaine run at idle for three minutes or more.

5-26

3.

4.

Check both sides of the dipstick, and read the lower level. The fluid level must be in the COLD area, below the cross-hatched area, for a cold check or in the HOT area or cross-hatched area for a hot check. If the fluid level is in the acceptable range, push the dipstick back in all the way; then flip the handle down to lock the dipstick in place.

How to Add Fluid Refer to the Maintenance Schedule to determine what kind of transmission fluid to use. See Part Dr Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 6-18. Add fluid only after checking the transmission fluid while it is hot. (A cold check is used only as a reference.) If the fluid level is low, add only enough of the proper fluid to bring the level up to the HOT area for a hot check. It doesn’t take much fluid, generally less than one pint (0.5 L). Don’t ovedi/I. Notice: We recommend you use only fluid labeled DEXRON@ 111, because fluid with that label is made especially for your automatic transmission. Damage caused by fluid other than DEXRON@ Ill is not covered by your new vehicle warranty.

After adding fluid, recheck the fluid level as described under How to Check. When the correct fluid level is obtained, push the dipstick back in all the way; then flip the handle down to lock the dipstick in place.

5-27

Automatic Transmission Fluid (Allison Transmission) When to Check and Change A good time to check your automatic transmission fluid level is when the engine oil is changed. Change both the fluid and filter every 25,000 miles (41 500 km) if the vehicle is mainly driven under one or more of these conditions:

In heavy city traffic where the outside temperature regularly reaches 90°F (32°C) or higher. In hilly or mountainous terrain. When doing frequent trailer towing. Uses such as found in taxi, police or delivery service.

If you do not use your vehicle under any of these conditions, change the fluid and filter every 50,000 miles (83 000 km). See Part A: Scheduled Maintenance Services on page 6-4.

How to Check Because this operation can be a little difficult, you may choose to have this done at the dealership service department. If you do it yourself, be sure to follow all the instructions here, or you could get a false reading on the dipstick. Nofice: Too much or too little fluid can damage your transmission. Too much can mean that some of the fluid could come out and fall on hot engine part or exhaust system parts, starting a fire. Too little fluid could cause the transmission to overheat. Be sure to get an accurate reading if you check your transmission fluid. Wait at least 30 minutes before checking the transmission fluid level if you have been driving:

When outside temperatures are above 90°F (32°C).

e At high speed for quite a while.

In heavy traffic - especially in hot weather. While pulling a trailer.

5-28

Checking the Fluid Level Prepare your vehicle as follows:

Park your vehicle on a running.

level place. Keep the engine

e With the parking brake applied, place the shift lever

in PARK (P). With your foot on the brake pedal, run the engine for at least once minute and shift to DRIVE (D). Then shift to NEUTRAL (N) and then REVERSE (R) to fill the hydraulic system. Then, position the shift lever in PARK (P).

e Allow the engine to run at idle (500-800 rpm).

Slowly release the brake pedal.

Then, without shutting off the engine, follow these steps:

Cold Check Procedure The purpose of the cold check is to determine if the transmission has enough fluid to be operated safely until a hot check can be made. The fluid level rises as fluid temperature increases. DO NOT iiii above the COLD CHECK band if the transmission fluid is below normal operating temperatures. 1. Pull out the dipstick and wipe it with a clean rag or

paper towel.

2. Push it back in all the way, wait three seconds and

then pull it back out again.

3. Check the fluid level reading. Repeat the check

procedure to verify the reading.

4. If the fluid level is within the COLD CHECK band, the transmission may be operated until the fluid is hot enough to perform a hot check. If the fluid level is not within the COLD CHECK band, add or drain fluid as necessary to bring the level into the middle of the COLD CHECK band.

5. Perform a hot check at the first opportunity after the

normal operating temperature of 160°F (71 "C) to 200°F (93°C) is reached.

6. If the fluid level is in the acceptable range, push the

dipstick back in all the way.

5-29

Hot Check Procedure The fluid must be hot to ensure an accurate check. The fluid level rises as temperature increases.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Operate the transmission in DRIVE (D) range until the normal operating temperature of 160°F (71°C) to 200°F (93°C) is reached. Pull out the dipstick and wipe it with a clean rag or paper towel. Push it back in all the way, wait three seconds and then pull it back out again. Repeat the check procedure to verify the reading. Safe operating level is within the HOT RUN band on the dipstick. The width of the HOT RUN band represents approximately 1.06 quart (1 .O liter) of fluid at normal operating temperature. If the fluid level is not within the HOT RUN band, add or drain fluid as necessary to bring the fluid level to within the HOT RUN band. If the fluid level is in the acceptable range, push the dipstick back in all the way.

5-30

Consistency of Readings Always check the fluid level at least twice using the procedures described previously. Consistency (repeatable readings) is important to maintaining proper fluid level. If inconsistent readings persist, check the transmission breather to be sure it is clean and unclogged. If readings are still inconsistent, contact your dealer. How to Add Fluid Refer to the Maintenance Schedule to determine what kind of transmission fluid to use. See Part D: Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 6- 18. Add fluid only after checking the transmission fluid while it is hot. (A cold check is used only as a reference.) If the fluid level is low, add only enough of the proper fluid to bring the level up to the HOT area for a hot check. It doesn’t take much fluid, generally less than one pint (0.5 L). Don’t overfill. Notice: We recommend you use only fluid labeled DEXRON@ 111, because fluid with that label is made especially for your automatic transmission. Damage caused by fluid other than DEXRON@ 111 is not covered by your new vehicle warranty.

After adding fluid, recheck the fluid level as described under How to Check. When the correct fluid level is obtained, push the dipstick back in all the way.

Manual Transmission Fluid When to Check A good time io have it checkea is when the engine oii is changed. See your maintenance schedule to find out when to change your transmission fluid. How to Check Because this operation can be a little difficult, you may choose to have this done at your GM dealership service department. If you do it yourself, be sure to follow all the instructions here, or you could get a false reading.

Notice: Too much or too little fluid can damage your transmission. Too much can mean that some of the fluid could come out and fall on hot engine part or exhaust system parts, starting a fire. Too little fluid could cause the transmission to overheat. Be sure to get an accurate reading if you check your transmission fluid. Check the fluid level only when your engine is off, the vehicle is parked on a level place and the transmission is cool enough for you to rest your fingers on the transmission case.

Then, follow these steps:

5-speed for VORTEC 4300 V6 and 4800 V8 Engines

Shown, Other Manual Transmissions Similar

1. Remove the filler plug. 2. Check that the lubricant level is up to the bottom of

the filler plug hole.

3. If the fluid level is good, install the plug and be sure

it is fully seated. If the fluid level is low, add more fluid as described in the next steps.

5-31

How to Add Fluid

When to Check and What to Use

Here’s how to add fluid. Refer to the Maintenance Schedule to determine what kind of fluid to use. See Part D: Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 6- 18. 1. Remove the filler plug. 2. Add fluid at the filler plug hole. Add only enough

fluid to bring the fluid level up to the bottom of the filler plug hole.

3. Install the filler plug. Be sure the plug is fully

seated.

Hydraulic Clutch

The hydraulic clutch linkage in your vehicle is self-adjusting. The clutch master cylinder reservoir is filled with hydraulic clutch fluid. It is not necessary to regularly check clutch fluid unless you suspect there is a leak in the system. Adding fluid won’t correct a leak. A fluid loss in this system could indicate a problem. Have the system inspected and repaired.

5-32

The clutch master cylinder reservoir is located in the rear of the engine compartment on the driver’s side of the vehicle. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 5-12 for more information on location.

Refer to the Maintenance Schedule to determine how often you should check the fluid level in your clutch master cylinder reservoir and for the proper fluid. See Part B: Owner Checks and Services on page 6-1 1 and Part D: Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 6- 18. How to Check and Add Fluid The proper fluid should be added if the level does not reach the bottom of the diaphragm when it’s in place in the reservoir. See the instructions on the reservoir cap.

Nofice: When adding coolant, it is important that you use only DEX-COOL@ (silicate-free) coolant. If coolant other than DEX-COOL@ is added to the system, premature engine, heater core or radiator corrosion may result. In addition, the engine coolant will require change sooner -- at 30,000 miles (50,000 km) or 24 months, whichever occurs first. Damage caused by the use of coolant other than DEX-COOL@ is not covered by your new vehicle warranty.

Engine Coolant The cooling system in your vehicle is filled with DEX-COOL@ engine coolant. This coolant is designed to remain in your vehicle for 5 yeam or 159,000 miles (240 000 km), whichever occurs first, if you add only DEX-COOL@ extended life coolant. The following explains your cooling system and how to add coolant when it is low. If you have a problem with engine overheating, see Engine Overheating on page 5-36. A 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL@ coolant will:

Give freezing protection down to -34°F ( -37°C). Give boiling protection up to 265°F (129°C). Protect against rust and corrosion. Help keep the proper engine temperature.

0 Let the warning lights and gages work as they

should.

5-33

What to Use Use a mixture of one-half clean, drinkable water and one-half DEX-COOL@ coolant which won't damage aluminum parts. If you use this coolant mixture, you don't need to add anything else.

If you have to add coolant more than four times a year, have your dealer check your cooling system.

Notice: If you use the proper coolant, you don't have to add extra inhibitors or additives which claim to improve the system. These can be harmful. Checking Coolant

The coolant surge tank is located in the engine compartment on the passenqer's side of the vehicle.-See Engine Compartment Overview on page 5-12 for more information on location.

Ac..,ng only plain water to your cooling system can be dangerous. Plain water, or some other liquid such as alcohol, can boil before the proper coolant mixture will. Your vehicle's coolant warning system is set for the proper coolant mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture, your engine could get too hot but you wouldn't get the overheat warning. Your engine could catch fire and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL@ coolant.

Notice: If you use an improper coolant mixture, your engine could overheat and be badly damaged. The repair cost wouldn't be covered by your warranty. Too much water in the mixture can freeze and crack the engine, radiator, heater core and other parts. 5-34

Turning the surge tank press~~re cap when the engine and radiator are hot can allow steam and scalding liquids to blow out and burn you badly. Never turn the surge tank pressure cap - even a little - when the engine and

The vehicle must be on a level surface. When your engine is cold, the coolant level should be at the FULL COLD mark. If the LOW COOLANT LEVEL message comes on and stays on, it means you’re low on engine coolant. See “Low Coolant Level” under DIC Warnings and Messages on page 3-60.

Adding Coolant If you need more coolant, add the proper DEX-COOL@ coolant mixture at the surge tank, but only when the engine is cool.

You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts. Coolant contains ethylene glycol, and it will burn if the engine parts are hot enough. Don’t spill coolant on a hot engine.

When replacing the pressure cap, make sure it is hand-tight.

5-35

Coolant Surge Tank Pressure Cap

See Engine Compartment Overview on page 5-12 for more information on location.

The coolant surge tank pressure cap must be installed on the coolant surge tank.

fully

Notice: Your pressure cap is a pressure-type cap and must be tightly installed to prevent coolant and possible engine damage from overheating. See “Capacities and Specifications” for more information.

loss

Engine Overheating You will find a coolant temperature gage on your vehicle’s instrument panel. See Engine Coolant Temperature Gage on page 3-42. In addition, you will find a LOW COOLANT LEVEL, ENGINE OVERHEATED and a REDUCED ENGINE POWER message in the Driver Information Center on the instrumentpanel. See Driver Information Center (DIC) on page 3-50. Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode (V8 Engines Only) If an overheated engine condition exists and the REDUCED ENGINE-POWER message is displayed, arl overheat protection mode which alternates firing groups of cylinders helps prevent engine damage. In this mode, you will notice a loss in power and engine performance. This operating mode allows your vehicle to be driven to a safe place in an emergency. Driving extended miles (km) and/or towing a trailer in the overheat protection mode should be avoided. Notice: After driving in the overheated engine protection operating mode, to avoid engine damage, allow the engine to cool before attempting The engine oil will be severely degraded. Repair the cause of coolant loss, change the oil and reset the oil life system. See “Engine Oil” in the Index.

any repair.

5-36

If Steam Is Coming From Your Engine

team from an overheated engine can burn

you badly, even if you just open the hood. Stay away from the engine if you see or hear steam coming from it. Just turn it off and get

CAUTION:

(Continued)

everyone away from the vehicle until it cools down. Wait until there is no sign of steam or coolant before you open the hood. If you keep driving when your engine is overheated, the liquids in it can catch fire. You or others could be badly burned. Stop your engine if it overheats, and get out of the vehicle until the engine is cool. See “Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode” in the Index for information on driving to a safe place in an emergency.

Notice: If your engine catches fire because you keep driving with no coolant, your vehicle can be badly damaged. The costly repairs would not be covered by your warranty. See “Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode” in the Index for information on driving to a safe place in an emergency.

5-37

If you no longer have the overheat warning, you can drive. Just to be safe, drive slower for about 10 minutes. If the warning doesn’t come back on, you can drive normally. If the warning continues, pull over, stop, and park your vehicle right away. If there’s still no sign of steam, push down the accelerator until the engine speed is about twice as fast as normal idle speed for at least three minutes while you’re parked. If you still have the warning, turn off the engine and get everyone out of the vehicle until it cools down. Also, see “Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode” listed previously in this section. You may decide not to lift the hood but to get service help right away.

If No Steam Is Coming From Your Engine

An overheat warning, along with a low coolant message, can indicate a serious problem. For more information, see Driver Information Center (DIC) on page 3-50. If you get an engine overheat warning with no low coolant message, but see or hear no steam, the problem may not be too serious. Sometimes the engine can get a little too hot when you:

Climb a long hill on a hot day. Stop after high speed driving. Idle for long periods in traffic. Tow a trailer. See “Driving on Grades” under Towing a Trailer on page 4-66.

If you get the overheat warning with no sign of steam, try this for a minute or so: 1. If you have an air conditioner and it’s on, turn it off. 2. Turn on your heater to full hot at the highest fan

speed and open the window as necessary.

3. If you’re in a traffic jam, shift to NEUTRAL (N);

otherwise, shift to the highest gear while driving - AUTOMATIC OVERDRIVE @ or DRIVE (D) for automatic transmissions.

5-38

Cooling System When you decide it’s safe to lift the hood, here’s what you’ll see:

8100 V8 Engines

All Other Engines

A. Coolant Surge Tank B. Coolant Surge Tank Pressure Cap C. Engine Fan If the coolant inside the coolant surge tank is boiling, don’t do anything else until it cools down. The vehicle should be parked on a level surface.

5-39

If there seems to be no leak, start the engine again. The engine cooling fan speed should increase when idle speed is doubled by pushing the accelerator pedal down. If it doesn’t, your vehicle needs service. Turn off the engine. Notice: Engine damage from running your engine without coolant isn’t covered by your warranty. See “Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode” in the Index for information on driving to a safe place in an emergency. Notice: When adding coolant, it is important that you use only DEX-COOL@ (silicate-free) coolant. If coolant other than DEX-COOL@ is added to the system, premature engine, heater core or radiator corrosion may result. In addition, the engine coolant will require change sooner - at 30,000 miles (50 000 km) or 24 months, whichever occurs first. Damage caused by the use of coolant other than DEX-COOL@ is not covered by your new vehicle warranty.

The coolant level should be at or above the FULL COLD mark. If it isn’t, you may have a leak at the pressure cap or in the radiator hoses, heater hoses, radiator, water pump or somewhere else in the cooling system.

Heater and radiator hoses, and other engine parts, can be very hot. Don’t touch them. If you do, you can be burned. Don’t run the engine if there is a leak. If you run the engine, it could lose all coolant. That could cause an engine fire, and you could be burned. Get any leak fixed before you drive the vehicle.

5-40

~

can come out a- . i g h speed. - -3wer turr. --le cap when the cooiing system, including the coolant surge tank pressure cap, is hot. Wait for the cooling system and coolant surge tank pressure cap to cool if you ever have to the pressure cap.

turn

How to Add Coolant to the Coolant Surge Tank Gasoline Engines If you haven’t found a problem yet, check to see if coolant is visible in the surge tank. lf coolant is visible but the coolant level isn’t at or above the FULL COLD mark, add a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL@ coolant at the coolant surge tank, but be sure the cooling system, including the coolant surge tank pressure cap, is cool before you do it. See Engine Coolant on page 5-33 for more information. If no coolant is visible in the surge tank, add coolant as follows:

Steam and scalding liquids from a hot cooling system can blow out and burn you badly. They are under pressure, and if you turn the coolant surge tank pressure cap -- even a little -- they (Continued)

CAUTION:

5-41

Adding only plain water to your cooling system can be dangerous. Plain water, or some other liquid such as alcohol, can boil before the proper coolant mixture will. Your vehicle’s coolant warning system is set for theproper coolant mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture, your engine could get too hot but you wouldn’t get the overheat warning. Your engine could catch fire and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and a proper coolant.

Notice: In cold weather, water can freeze and crack the engine, radiator, heater core and other parts. Use the recommended coolant and the proper coolant mixture.

5-42

A GAUTIVN:

You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts. Coolant contains ethylene glycol and it will burn if the engine parts are hot enough. Don’t spill coolant on a hot engine.

1. Park the vehicle on a

level surface. You can remove the coolant surge tank pressure cap when the cooling system, including the coolant surge tank pressure cap and upper radiator hose, is no longer hot.

2. Turn the pressure cap slowly counterclockwise (left)

about one full turn. If you hear a hiss, wait for that to stop. A hiss means there is still some pressure left.

3. Then keep turning the pressure cap slowly, and

remove it.

4. Then fill the coolant surge tank with the proper

mixture, to the FULL COLD mark.

5. With the coolant surge tank pressure cap off, start

the engine and let it run until you can feel the upper radiator hose getting hot. Watch out for engine cooling fan. By this time, the coolant level inside the coolant surge tank may be lower. If the level is lower, add more of the proper mixture to the coolant surge tank until the level reaches the FULL COLD mark.

the

5-43

6. Then replace the

pressure cap. Be sure the pressure cap is hand-tight and fully seated.

You may also hear this fan noise when you start the engine. It will go away as the fan clutch partially disengages. Power Steering Fluid

Engine Fan Noise

Your vehicle has a clutched engine cooling fan. When the clutch is engaged, the fan spins faster to provide more air to cool the engine. In most everyday driving conditions, the fan is spinning slower and the clutch is not fully engaged. This improves fuel economy and reduces fan noise. Under heavy vehicle loading, trailer towing and/or high outside temperatures, the fan speed increases as the clutch more fully engages. So you may hear an increase in fan noise. This is normal and should not be mistaken as the transmission slipping or making extra shifts. It is merely the cooling system functioning properly. The fan will slow down when additional cooling is not required and the clutch disengages.

5-44

8100 V8 Engine

How to Check Power Steering Fluid Turn the key off, let the engine compartment cool down, wipe the cap and the top of the reservoir clean, then unscrew the cap and wipe the dipstick with a clean rag. Replace the cap and conipletely tighten it. Then remove the cap again and look at the fluid level on the dipstick. The level should be at the FULL COLD mark. If necessary, add only enough fluid to bring the level up to the mark. What to Use To determine what kind of fluid to use, see Part D; Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 6-78. Always use the proper fluid. Failure to use the proper fluid can cause leaks and damage hoses and seals.

5-45

All Other Engines

When to Check Power Steering Fluid It is not necessary to regularly check power steering fluid unless you suspect there is a leak in the system or you hear an unusual noise. A fluid loss in this system could indicate a problem. Have the system inspected and repaired. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 5-72 for reservoir location.

Windshield Washer Fluid What to Use When you need windshield washer fluid, be sure to read the manufacturer’s instructions before use. If you will be operating your vehicle in an area where the temperature may fall below freezing, use a fluid that has sufficient protection against freezing. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 5- 12 for reservoir location. Adding Washer Fluid

I‘ -Ic ’I

Open the cap with the washer symbol on it. Add washer fluid until the tank is full.

Notice:

freeze and

When using concentrated washer fluid, follow the manufacturer’s instructions for adding water. Don’t mix water with ready-to-use washer fluid. Water can cause the solution to damage your washer fluid tank and other parts of the washer system. Also, water doesn’t clean as well as washer fluid. Fill your washer fluid tank only three-quarters full when it’s very cold. This allows for expansion if freezing occurs, which could damage the tank if it is completely full. Don’t use engine coolant (antifreeze) in your windshield washer. It can damage your washer system and paint.

5-46

Brakes Brake Fluid Your brake master cylinder reservoir is filled with DOT-3 brake fluid. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 5-12 for the location of the reservoir. There are only two reasons why the brake fluid level in the reservoir might go down. The first is that the brake fluid goes down to an acceptable level during normal brake lining wear. When new linings are put in, the fluid level goes back up. The other reason is that fluid is leaking out of the brake system. If it is, you should have your brake system fixed, since a leak means that sooner or later your brakes won’t work well, or won’t work at all. So, it isn’t a good idea to “top off your brake fluid.