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cle with a 12-volt battery, you can jump start your Toyota following the steps below.
Confirm that the key and wire- less remote control are being carried.
When connecting the jumper (or booster) cables, depending on the situation, the alarm may activate and the doors may lock. (P. 109)
Connect the jumper cables.
Positive (+) battery terminal on your vehicle Positive (+) battery terminal on the second vehicle Negative (-) battery terminal on the second vehicle Connect the jumper cable to ground on your vehicle as shown in the illustration.
501
5-2. Steps to take in an emergency
Start the engine of the second vehicle. Increase the engine speed slightly and maintain at that level for approximately 5
minutes to recharge the battery of your vehicle. Maintain the engine speed of the second vehicle and start the vehicle’s engine. Once the vehicle’s engine has started, remove the jumper cables in the exact reverse order in which they were con- nected.Once the engine starts, have the vehicle checked at your Toyota dealer as soon as possible.
■Starting the engine when the battery is discharged
The engine cannot be started by push-starting.
■Avoiding a discharged battery
●Turn off the headlights and the audio system while the engine is turned
off.
●Turn off any unnecessary electrical components when the vehicle is run- ning at a low speed for an extended period, such as in heavy traffic, etc.
■When the battery is removed or discharged
Flex-fuel vehicles: The information recorded in the computer will be cleared, which may cause the engine to run roughly and reduce driving performance for a while when the engine is first started. In this case, wait until the engine runs normally. If the vehicle is running on E85, the engine may stall. In this case, restart the engine, repeatedly if necessary.
■Charging the battery
The electricity stored in the battery will discharge gradually even when the vehicle is not in use, due to natural discharge and the draining effects of cer- tain electrical appliances. If the vehicle is left for a long time, the battery may discharge, and the engine may be unable to start. (The battery recharges automatically during driving.)
502
5-2. Steps to take in an emergency
CAUTION
■Avoiding battery fires or explosions
Observe the following precautions to prevent accidentally igniting the flam- mable gas that may be emitted from the battery. ●Make sure the jumper cable is connected to the correct terminal and that it is not unintentionally in contact with any part other than the intended termi- nal.
●Do not allow the jumper cables to come into contact with the “+” and “-” ter-
minals.
●Do not smoke, use matches, cigarette lighters or allow open flame near
the battery.
■Battery precautions
The battery contains poisonous and corrosive acidic electrolyte, while related parts contain lead and lead compounds. Observe the following pre- cautions when handling the battery. When working with the battery, always wear safety glasses and take care not to allow any battery fluids (acid) to come into contact with skin, clothing or the vehicle body. ●Do not lean over the battery. ●In the event that battery fluid comes into contact with the skin or eyes, immediately wash the affected area with water and seek medical attention. Place a wet sponge or cloth over the affected area until medical attention can be received.
●Always wash your hands after handling the battery support, terminals, and
other battery-related parts.
●Do not allow children near the battery.
NOTICE
■When handling jumper cables
Be careful that the jumper cables do not become tangled in the cooling fan or any of the belts when connecting or disconnecting them.
503
5-2. Steps to take in an emergency If your vehicle overheats
The following may indicate that your vehicle is overheating. ● The needle of the engine coolant temperature gauge (P. 168) enters the red zone or a loss of engine power is experienced. (For example, the vehicle speed does not increase.)
● Steam comes out from under the hood.
Correction procedures
Stop the vehicle in a safe place and turn off the air condition- ing system, and then stop the engine. If you see steam:
Carefully lift the hood after the steam subsides.
If you do not see steam: Carefully lift the hood.
the engine has cooled After down sufficiently, the hoses and radiator core (radia- tor) for any leaks.
inspect
Radiator Cooling fan If a large amount of coolant leaks, immediately contact your Toyota dealer.
The coolant level is satisfactory if it is between the “FULL” and “LOW” lines on the reservoir.
Engine coolant reservoir “FULL” “LOW” Radiator cap
504
5-2. Steps to take in an emergency
Add coolant if necessary.
Water can be used in an emer- gency if coolant is unavailable.
Start the engine to check that the radiator cooling fan oper- ates and to check for coolant leaks from the radiator or hoses. If the fan is not operating:
Stop the engine immediately and contact your Toyota dealer.
If the fan is operating:
Have the vehicle inspected at the nearest Toyota dealer.
CAUTION
■To prevent an accident or injury when inspecting under the hood of
your vehicle ●If steam is seen coming from under the hood, do not open the hood until the steam has subsided. The engine compartment may be very hot, caus- ing serious injuries such as burns.
●Keep hands and clothing (especially a tie, a scarf or a muffler) away from the fan and belts. Failure to do so may cause the hands or clothing to be caught, resulting in serious injury.
●Do not loosen the radiator cap and coolant reservoir while the engine and
radiator are hot. Serious injury, such as burns, may result from hot coolant and steam released under pressure.
505
5-2. Steps to take in an emergency
NOTICE
■When adding engine coolant
Wait until the engine has cooled down before adding engine coolant. When adding coolant, do so slowly. Adding cool coolant to a hot engine too quickly can cause damage to the engine.
■To prevent damage to the cooling system
Observe the following precautions: ●Avoid contaminating the coolant with foreign matter (such as sand or dust
etc.).
●Do not use any coolant additives.
506
5-2. Steps to take in an emergency If the vehicle becomes stuck
Carry out the following procedures if the tires spin or the vehicle becomes stuck in mud, dirt, or snow.
Stop the engine. Set the parking brake and put the shift lever in P. Remove the mud, snow, or sand from around the stuck tire. Place wood, stones or some other material to help provide traction under the tires. Restart the engine. Turn off the VSC. (P. 247, 249) Shift the shift lever to D or R and carefully apply the accel- erator to free the vehicle.
CAUTION
■When attempting to free a stuck vehicle
If you choose to rock the vehicle back and forth to free it, make sure the sur- rounding area is clear, to avoid striking other vehicles, objects or persons. The vehicle may also lunge forward or lunge back suddenly as it becomes free. Use extreme caution.
■When shifting the shift lever
Be careful not to shift the shift lever with the accelerator pedal depressed. This may lead to unexpected rapid acceleration of the vehicle that may cause an accident and result in death or serious injury.
507
5-2. Steps to take in an emergency
NOTICE
■To avoid damaging the transmission and other components
●Avoid spinning the wheels and do not rev the engine. ●If the vehicle remains stuck after trying these procedures, the vehicle may
require towing to be freed.
●When the automatic transmission fluid temperature warning light comes on while attempting to free a stuck vehicle, immediately remove your foot from the accelerator pedal and wait until the warning light turns off. Other- wise, the transmission may become damaged. (vehicles without multi- information display) (P. 471)
●When a warning message for the automatic transmission fluid temperature is displayed while attempting to free a stuck vehicle, immediately remove your foot from the accelerator pedal and wait until the warning message disappears. Otherwise, the transmission may become damaged. (vehicles with multi-information display) (P. 481)
508
5-2. Steps to take in an emergency If your vehicle has to be stopped in an emergency
Only in an emergency, such as if it becomes impossible to stop the vehicle in the normal way, stop the vehicle using the following pro- cedure:
Steadily step on the brake pedal with both feet and firmly depress it. Do not pump the brake pedal repeatedly as this will increase the effort required to slow the vehicle. Shift the shift lever to N.
If the shift lever is shifted to N
After slowing down, stop the vehicle in a safe place by the road. Stop the engine.
If the shift lever cannot be shifted to N
Keep depressing the brake pedal with both feet to reduce vehicle speed as much as possible.
Stop the engine by turning the engine switch the ACC position.
to
Stop the vehicle in a safe place by the road.
509
5-2. Steps to take in an emergency
CAUTION
■If the engine has to be turned off while driving
●Power assist for the brakes and steering wheel will be lost, making the brake pedal harder to depress and the steering wheel heavier to turn. Decelerate as much as possible before turning off the engine.
●Never attempt to remove the key, as doing so will lock the steering wheel.
510
Vehicle specifications
6-1. Specifications
Maintenance data (fuel, oil level, etc.)......... 512
Fuel information ............... 523
Tire information ................ 5286-2. Customization
Customizable features ..... 539
Items to initialize .............. 543511
6-1. Specifications Maintenance data (fuel, oil level, etc.)
Dimensions
Overall length Overall width Overall height* Wheelbase Front tread Rear tread *: Unladen vehicle
205.1 in. (5210 mm) 79.9 in. (2030 mm) 77.0 in. (1955 mm) 122.0 in. (3100 mm) 67.9 in. (1725 mm) 69.1 in. (1755 mm)
512
6-1. Specifications
TWR*
(Trailer weight + cargo)
7400 lb. (3357 kg)
7300 lb. (3311 kg)
7200 lb. (3266 kg)
7100 lb. (3245 kg)
7100 lb. (3230 kg)
7000 lb. (3200 kg)
7100 lb. (3221 kg)
Weight
Model code*1
Engine
USK60L-GKTSKA
USK60L-GKTLKA
USK60L-GKTZKA
USK65L-GKTSKA
USK65L-GKTLKA
USK65L-GKTZKA
USK65L-GKTSGA
USK65L-GKTLGA
5.7L V8 (3UR-FE) engine
5.7L V8
(3UR-FBE)
engine
Driving system
2WD
4WD
Vehicle capacity
weight
(Occupants+luggage) 1310 lb. (590 kg) 1330 lb. (600 kg) 1315 lb. (595 kg) 1255 lb. (565 kg) 1275 lb. (575 kg) 1265 lb. (570 kg) 1255 lb. (565 kg) 1275 lb. (575 kg) 1265 lb. (570 kg)
USK65L-GKTZGA *1: The model code is indicated on the Certification Label. (P. 514)
7000 lb. (3175 kg)
*: This model meets the tow-vehicle trailering requirement of SAE In-
ternational per SAE J2807.
513
6-1. Specifications
Vehicle identification
■ Vehicle identification number The vehicle identification number (VIN) is the legal identifier for your vehicle. This is the primary identification number for your Toyota. It is used in registering the ownership of your vehicle.
This number is stamped on the top left of the instrument panel.
This number is also on the Certi- fication Label.
■ Engine number The engine number is stamped on the engine block as shown.
514
6-1. Specifications
Engine
Model Type Bore and stroke Displacement Valve clearance (engine cold) Drive belt tension
3UR-FE and 3UR-FBE 8-cylinder V-type, 4-cycle, gasoline 3.70 4.02 in. (94.0 102.0 mm) 345.6 cu.in. (5663 cm3)
Automatic adjustment
Automatic adjustment
Fuel
Engine
Model Type
3UR-FE engine Gasoline engine
3UR-FBE engine Flex-fuel engine
Fuel type
Unleaded gasoline only
Unleaded gasoline, E85,
or a blend of the two
fuels
Octane rating (Unleaded gasoline) Ethanol percentage (E85) Fuel tank capacity (Reference)
87 (Research Octane Number91) or higher
85% or less
26.4 gal. (100.0 L, 22.0 lmp.gal.)
515
6-1. Specifications
Lubrication system
Oil capacity (Drain and refill-reference*)
With filter Without filter
7.9 qt. (7.5 L, 6.6 Imp.qt.) 7.5 qt. (7.1 L, 6.2 Imp.qt.)
*: The engine oil capacity is a reference quantity to be used when changing the engine oil. Warm up and turn off the engine, wait more than 5 minutes, and check the oil level on the dipstick. ■ Engine oil selection “Toyota Genuine Motor Oil” is used in your Toyota vehicle. Use Toy- ota approved “Toyota Genuine Motor Oil” or equivalent to satisfy the following grade and viscosity. Oil grade: ILSAC GF-5 multigrade engine oil Recommended viscosity: SAE 0W-20
SAE 0W-20 is the best choice for good fuel economy and good starting in cold weather. If SAE 0W-20 is not available, SAE 5W-20 oil may be used. However, it must be replaced with SAE 0W-20 at the next oil change.
Outside temperature
Oil viscosity (0W-20 is explained here as an example): ● The 0W in 0W-20 indicates the characteristic of the oil which allows cold startability. Oils with a lower value before the W allow for easier starting of the engine in cold weather.
● The 20 in 0W-20 indicates the viscosity characteristic of the oil when the oil is at high temperature. An oil with a higher viscosity (one with a higher value) may be better suited if the vehicle is operated at high speeds, or under extreme load conditions.
516
6-1. Specifications
How to read oil container label: The International Lubricant Specification Advisory Committee (ILSAC) Certification Mark is added to some oil containers to help you select the oil you should use.
Cooling system
Capacity
Coolant type
Vehicles without towing package 13.1 qt. (12.4 L, 10.9 Imp.qt.) Vehicles with towing package 14.1 qt. (13.3 L, 11.7 Imp.qt.)
Use either of the following. • “Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” • Similar high-quality ethylene glycol-based non-silicate, non-amine, non-nitrite, and non-borate coolant with long-life hybrid organic acid technology Do not use plain water alone.
517
6-1. Specifications
Ignition system
Spark plug Make Gap
DENSO
NOTICE
■Iridium-tipped spark plugs
SK20HR11
0.043 in. (1.1 mm)Use only iridium-tipped spark plugs. Do not adjust gap when tuning engine.
Electrical system
Battery Open voltage at 68F (20C):
Charging rates
Differential
12.6 12.8 V Fully charged 12.2 12.4 V Half charged 11.8 12.0 V Discharged (Voltage checked 20 minutes after the key is removed with all the lights turned off) 5 A max.
Oil capacity
2.17 qt. (2.05 L, 1.80 Imp.qt.)
Front (4WD models) Rear Oil type and viscosity* *: Your Toyota vehicle is filled with “Toyota Genuine Differential Gear Oil” at the factory. Use Toyota approved “Toyota Genuine Differential Gear Oil” or an equivalent of matching quality to satisfy the above specification. Please con- tact your Toyota dealer for further details.
1.64 qt. (1.55 L, 1.36 Imp.qt.) Toyota Genuine Differential Gear Oil LT 75W-85 GL-5 or equivalent
518
6-1. Specifications
Automatic transmission
Fluid capacity* Fluid type *: The fluid capacity is the quantity of reference. If replacement is necessary,
11.7 qt. (11.1 L, 9.8 Imp.qt.) Toyota Genuine ATF WS
contact your Toyota dealer.
NOTICE
■Automatic transmission fluid type
Using automatic transmission fluid other than “Toyota Genuine ATF WS” may cause deterioration in shift quality, locking up of your transmission accompanied by vibration, and ultimately damage the automatic transmis- sion of your vehicle.
Transfer (4WD models)
Oil capacity Oil type Recommended oil viscosity
1.43 qt. (1.35 L, 1.19 Imp.qt.) Gear oil API GL-5
SAE 75W-90519
6-1. Specifications
Brakes
Pedal clearance*1
Pedal free play Brake pad wear limit Parking brake lining wear limit Parking brake pedal travel*2
Fluid type *1: Minimum pedal clearance when depressed with a force of 110 lbf (490 N, 504.1 in. (104 mm) Min. 0.04 0.24 in. (1 6 mm) 0.04 in. (1.0 mm) 0.04 in. (1.0 mm) 6 — 9 clicks FMVSS No. 116 DOT 3 or SAE J1703
kgf) with the engine running.
*2: Parking brake pedal travel when depressed with a force of 67.1 lbf (300 N,
30.6 kgf).
Chassis lubrication (4WD models)
Propeller shafts
Spider
Lithium base chassis grease, NLGI No.2
Steering
Free play
Power steering fluid type
Less than 1.2 in. (30 mm) Automatic transmission fluid DEXRON® II or III
520
6-1. Specifications
Tires and wheels
Type A
Tire size
Tire inflation pressure (Recommended cold tire inflation pressure)
Wheel size
Wheel nut torque
Type B
Tire size
Tire inflation pressure (Recommended cold tire inflation pressure)
Wheel size
Wheel nut torque
P275/65R18 114T, P255/70R18 112T (spare tire) Front tires: 33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2 or bar) Rear tires: 33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2 or bar) Spare tire: 33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2 or bar) 18 8J Steel wheels: 154 ft·lbf (209 N·m, 21.3 kgf·m) Aluminum wheels: 97 ft·lbf (131 N·m, 13.4 kgf·m)
P275/55R20 111H, P255/70R18 112T (spare tire) Front tires: 30 psi (210 kPa, 2.1 kgf/cm2 or bar) Rear tires: 33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2 or bar) Spare tire: 33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2 or bar) 20 8J, 18 8J (spare wheel) Steel wheels: 154 ft·lbf (209 N·m, 21.3 kgf·m) Aluminum wheels: 97 ft·lbf (131 N·m, 13.4 kgf·m)
521
6-1. Specifications
Light bulbs
Light Bulbs
Bulb No.
Headlights (high beam) Headlights (low beam) Front fog lights Front side marker lights Front turn signal/parking lights Rear turn signal lights Stop/tail and rear side marker lights Tail lights Back-up lights License plate lights Outer foot light Vanity lights Personal/interior lights Front Center Rear Interior light Foot well lighting Door courtesy lights
Exterior
Interior
A: HB3 halogen bulbs B: H11 halogen bulbs C: H10 halogen bulbs D: Wedge base bulbs (clear) E: Wedge base bulbs (amber) F: Double end bulbs
522
60
55
45
9005
—
9145
1684157NAK
27/8
—
7443
194
921
168
— 7065— — — 7506
— 16821
21/5
3.8
16
1.41.4
Type
6-1. Specifications Fuel information
Gasoline engine (P. 515)
You must only use unleaded gasoline. Select octane rating 87 (Research Octane Number 91) or higher. Use of unleaded gasoline with an octane rating lower than 87 may result in engine knocking. Persistent knocking can lead to engine damage. At minimum, the gasoline you use should meet the specifications of ASTM D4814 in the U.S.A. Flex-fuel engine (P. 515)
You must only use unleaded gasoline, E85, or a blend of the two fuels. Unleaded gasoline (Octane rating 87 [Research Octane Number 91] or higher), E85, or a blend of two fuels is required for optimum engine performance. The use of unleaded gasoline with an octane rating lower than 87
may result in engine knocking. Persistent knocking can lead to engine damage. The use of fuel with an ethanol concentration in excess of 85% will have a negative impact on driving performance and can cause dam- age to the fuel system components. At minimum, the gasoline you use should meet the specifications of ASTM D4814 in the U.S.A. At minimum, the E85 you use should meet the specifications of ASTM D5798 in the U.S.A.523
6-1. Specifications
■Identifying flex-fuel vehicles
Flex-fuel vehicles can be identified by the fuel tank cap, which is marked “FLEX- FUEL E85/GASOLINE”.
■Gasoline quality
In very few cases, driveability problems may be caused by the brand of gas- oline you are using. If driveability problems persist, try changing the brand of gasoline. If this does not correct the problem, consult your Toyota dealer.
■Gasoline quality standards
●Automotive manufacturers in the U.S.A., Europe and Japan have devel- oped a specification for fuel quality called the World-Wide Fuel Charter (WWFC), which is expected to be applied worldwide.
●The WWFC consists of four categories that are based on required emis-
sion levels. In the U.S., category 4 has been adopted.
●The WWFC improves air quality by lowering emissions in vehicle fleets,
and improves customer satisfaction through better performance.
■E85 fuel (Flex-fuel engine)
●E85 fuel is a blend of 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline. However, E85
does not necessarily contain 85% ethanol. For example, in cold climates the ethanol content of E85 may be reduced during the winter months to maintain cold weather starting performance.●E85 has less energy per gallon than gasoline, so you will need to fill your
fuel tank more frequently when using E85.
●The number of fuel stations that sell E85 fuel is limited. For more infor- mation about fueling stations, please refer to the U.S. Department of Energy Web site. http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/locator/stations/
524
6-1. Specifications
■Recommendation of the use of gasoline containing detergent additives ●Toyota recommends the use of gasoline that contains detergent additives
to avoid the build-up of engine deposits.
●All gasoline sold in the U.S.A. contains minimum detergent additives to clean and/or keep clean intake systems, per EPA’s lowest additives con- centration program.
●Toyota strongly recommends the use of Top Tier Detergent Gasoline. For more information on Top Tier Detergent Gasoline and a list of marketers, please go to the official website www.toptiergas.com.
■Recommendation of the use of low emissions gasoline
Gasolines containing oxygenates such as ethers and ethanol, as well as reformulated gasolines, are available in some cities. These fuels are typi- cally acceptable for use, providing they meet other fuel requirements. Toyota recommends these fuels, since the formulations allow for reduced vehicle emissions.
■Non-recommendation of the use of blended gasoline (Gasoline engine)
DO NOT use gasoline containing more than 15% ethanol.
(30% ethanol)
(50% ethanol)
(85% ethanol)
●Use only gasoline containing up to 15%
ethanol. DO NOT use any flex-fuel or gasoline that could contain more than 15% etha- nol, including from any pump labeled E30, E50, E85 (which are only some examples of fuel containing more than 15% ethanol).
●If you use gasohol in your vehicle, be sure that it has an octane rating no
lower than 87.
●Toyota does not recommend the use of gasoline containing methanol.
525
6-1. Specifications
■Non-recommendation of the use of gasoline containing MMT
Some gasoline contains an octane enhancing additive called MMT (Methyl- cyclopentadienyl Manganese Tricarbonyl). Toyota does not recommend the use of gasoline that contains MMT. If fuel containing MMT is used, your emission control system may be adversely affected. The malfunction indicator lamp on the instrument cluster may come on. If this happens, contact your Toyota dealer for service.
■Non-recommendation of the use of after-market fuel additives
(Flex-fuel engine) Do not use any after-market fuel additives when repeatedly refueling with E85, as some after-market fuel additives are not compatible with E85.
■If your engine knocks
●Consult your Toyota dealer. ●You may occasionally notice light knocking for a short time while acceler-
ating or driving uphill. This is normal and there is no need for concern.
NOTICE
■Notice on fuel quality
●Do not use improper fuels.
If improper fuels are used, the engine will be damaged.
●Do not use leaded gasoline.
Leaded gasoline can cause damage to your vehicle’s three-way catalytic converters causing the emission control system to malfunction.
●Gasoline engine: Do not use gasohol other than the type previously
stated. Other gasohol may cause fuel system damage or vehicle performance problems.
●Using unleaded gasoline with an octane number or rating lower than the
level previously stated will cause persistent heavy knocking. At worst, this will lead to engine damage.
526
6-1. Specifications
NOTICE
■When use of non-specified fuels (Flex-fuel engine)
The use of non-specified fuels will have a negative impact on starting and driving performance, and will cause damage to the fuel system components. Therefore, do not add fuels such as the following. • Fuels containing methanol • Fuels with more than 85% ethanol
■Fuel-related poor driveability
If poor driveability (poor hot starting, vaporization, engine knocking, etc.) is encountered after using a different type of fuel, discontinue the use of that type of fuel.
■When refueling with gasohol
Take care not to spill gasohol. It can damage your vehicle’s paint.
527
6-1. Specifications Tire information
Typical tire symbols
(P. 530) (P. 529) (P. 415)
Tire size DOT and Tire Identification Number (TIN) Location of treadwear indicators Tire ply composition and materials Plies are layers of rubber-coated parallel cords. Cords are the strands which form the plies in a tire. Uniform tire quality grading For details, see “Uniform Tire Quality Grading” that follows. Load limit at maximum cold tire inflation pressure Maximum cold tire inflation pressure This means the pressure to which a tire may be inflated. TUBELESS or TUBE TYPE A tubeless tire does not have a tube and air is directly filled in the tire. A tube type tire has a tube inside the tire and the tube main- tains the air pressure.
(P. 533) (P. 533)
528
6-1. Specifications
Radial tires or bias-ply tires A radial tire has RADIAL on the sidewall. A tire not marked RADIAL is a bias-ply tire. Summer tire or all season tire (P. 419) An all season tire has M+S on the sidewall. A tire not marked M+S is a summer tire.
Typical DOT and tire identification number (TIN)
Identification Number
DOT symbol* Tire (TIN) Tire manufacturer’s identifica- tion mark Tire size code Manufacturer’s optional type code (3 or 4 letters) Manufacturing week Manufacturing year *: The DOT symbol certifies to that applicable Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards.
tire conforms
the
tire
529
The illustration indicates typical tire size.
Tire use (P = Passenger car, T = Temporary use) Section width (millimeters) Aspect ratio (tire height to section width) Tire construction code (R = Radial, D = Diagonal) Wheel diameter (inches) Load index (2 digits or 3 digits) Speed symbol (alphabet with one letter)
Section width Tire height Wheel diameter
6-1. Specifications
Tire size
■ Typical tire size information
■ Tire dimensions
530
6-1. Specifications
Tire section names
Bead Sidewall Shoulder Tread Belt Inner liner Reinforcing rubber Carcass Rim lines Bead wires Chafer
Uniform Tire Quality Grading
This information has been prepared in accordance with regulations issued by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration of the U.S.A. Department of Transportation. It provides the purchasers and/or prospective purchasers of Toyota vehicles with information on uniform tire quality grading.
Your Toyota dealer will help answer any questions you may have as you read this information.
■ DOT quality grades
All passenger vehicle tires must conform to Federal Safety Requirements in addition to these grades. Quality grades can be found where applicable on the tire sidewall between tread shoulder and maximum section width. For example: Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A
531
6-1. Specifications
■ Treadwear
The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a speci- fied government test course. For example, a tire graded 150 would wear one and a half (1 - 1/2) times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual conditions of their use, however, and may depart significantly from the norm due to variations in driving habits, service practices and differences in road characteristics and climate.
■ Traction AA, A, B, C
The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are AA, A, B and C, and they represent the tire’s ability to stop on wet pavement as measured under controlled conditions on specified government test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor traction performance. Warning: The traction grade assigned to this tire is based on braking (straight ahead) traction tests and does not include cornering (turn- ing) traction.
■ Temperature A, B, C
The temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C, represent- ing the tire’s resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a speci- fied indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and excessive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure. The grade C corresponds to a level of performance which all passen- ger car tires must meet under the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Stan- dard No. 109. Grades B and A represent higher levels of performance on the labo- ratory test wheel than the minimum required by law.
532
6-1. Specifications
Warning: The temperature grades for this tire are established for a tire that is properly inflated and not overloaded. Excessive speed, underinflation, or excessive loading, either sepa- rately or in combination, can cause heat buildup and possible tire fail- ure.
Glossary of tire terminology
Tire related term
Meaning
Cold tire inflation pres- sure
Maximum inflation pressure
Recommended infla- tion pressure
Accessory weight
Curb weight
Maximum loaded vehi- cle weight
Tire pressure when the vehicle has been parked for three hours or more, or has not been driven more than 1 mile or 1.5 km under that condition The maximum cold inflated pressure to which a tire may be inflated, shown on the sidewall of the tire Cold tire inflation pressure recommended by a manufacturer The combined weight (in excess of those stan- dard items which may be replaced) of trans- mission, power steering, power brakes, power windows, power seats, radio and heater, to the extent that these items are available as factory- installed equipment (whether installed or not) The weight of a motor vehicle with standard equipment, including the maximum capacity of fuel, oil and coolant, and if so equipped, air conditioning and additional weight optional engine The sum of: (a) Curb weight (b) Accessory weight (c) Vehicle capacity weight (d) Production options weight
533
6-1. Specifications
Tire related term
Normal occupant weight
Occupant distribution
Production options weight
Rim
Rim diameter (Wheel diameter) Rim size designation
Rim type designation
Rim width Vehicle capacity weight (Total load capacity)
Vehicle maximum load on the tire
Vehicle normal load on the tire
534
Meaning
150 lb. (68 kg) times the number of occupants specified in the second column of Table 1* that follows Distribution of occupants in a vehicle as speci- fied in the third column of Table 1* below The combined weight of installed regular pro- duction options weighing over 5 lb. (2.3 kg) in excess of the standard items which they replace, not previously considered in curb weight or accessory weight, including heavy duty brakes, ride levelers, roof rack, heavy duty battery, and special trim A metal support for a tire or a tire and tube assembly upon which the tire beads are seated
Nominal diameter of the bead seat
Rim diameter and width The industry manufacturer’s designation for a rim by style or code Nominal distance between rim flanges The rated cargo and luggage load plus 150 lb. (68 kg) times the vehicle’s designated seating capacity The load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle its share of the maximum loaded vehicle weight, and dividing by two The load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle its share of curb weight, accessory weight, and normal occu- pant weight (distributed in accordance with Table 1* below), and dividing by two
Tire related term
Weather side
Bead
Bead separation
Bias ply tire
Carcass
Chunking
Cord
Cord separation
Cracking
CT
Extra load tire
Groove
Innerliner
6-1. Specifications
Meaning
The surface area of the rim not covered by the inflated tire The part of the tire that is made of steel wires, wrapped or reinforced by ply cords and that is shaped to fit the rim A breakdown of the bond between components in the bead A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at alternate angles substantially less than 90 degrees to the cen- terline of the tread The tire structure, except tread and sidewall rubber which, when inflated, bears the load The breaking away of pieces of the tread or sidewall The strands forming the plies in the tire The parting of cords from adjacent rubber com- pounds Any parting within the tread, sidewall, or inner- liner of the tire extending to cord material A pneumatic tire with an inverted flange tire and rim system in which the rim is designed with rim flanges pointed radially inward and the tire is designed to fit on the underside of the rim in a manner that encloses the rim flanges inside the air cavity of the tire A tire designed to operate at higher loads and at higher inflation pressures than the corre- sponding standard tire The space between two adjacent tread ribs The layer(s) forming the inside surface of a tubeless tire that contains the inflating medium within the tire
535
6-1. Specifications
Tire related term
Innerliner separation
Intended outboard sidewall
Light truck (LT) tire
Load rating
Maximum load rating
Maximum permissible inflation pressure
Measuring rim
Open splice
Outer diameter
Overall width
Passenger car tire
536
Meaning
The parting of the innerliner from cord material in the carcass (a)The sidewall that contains a whitewall, bears
white lettering, or bears manufacturer, brand, and/or model name molding that is higher or deeper than the same molding on the other sidewall of the tire, or
(b)The outward facing sidewall of asymmetrical
tire that has a particular side that must always face outward when mounted on a vehicle
A tire designated by its manufacturer as prima- rily intended for use on lightweight trucks or multipurpose passenger vehicles The maximum load that a tire is rated to carry for a given inflation pressure The load rating for a tire at the maximum per- missible inflation pressure for that tire The maximum cold inflation pressure to which a tire may be inflated The rim on which a tire is fitted for physical dimension requirements Any parting at any junction of tread, sidewall, or innerliner that extends to cord material The overall diameter of an inflated new tire The linear distance between the exteriors of the sidewalls of an inflated tire, including eleva- tions due to labeling, decorations, or protective bands or ribs A tire intended for use on passenger cars, mul- tipurpose passenger vehicles, and trucks, that have a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 10,000 lb. or less
Tire related term
Ply
Ply separation
Pneumatic tire
Radial ply tire
Reinforced tire
Section width
Sidewall
Sidewall separation
Snow tire
Test rim
6-1. Specifications
Meaning
A layer of rubber-coated parallel cords A parting of rubber compound between adja- cent plies A mechanical device made of rubber, chemi- cals, fabric and steel or other materials, that, when mounted on an automotive wheel, pro- vides the traction and contains the gas or fluid that sustains the load A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at substantially 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread A tire designed to operate at higher loads and at higher inflation pressures than the corre- sponding standard tire The linear distance between the exteriors of the sidewalls of an inflated tire, excluding ele- vations due to labeling, decoration, or protec- tive bands That portion of a tire between the tread and bead The parting of the rubber compound from the cord material in the sidewall A tire that attains a traction index equal to or greater than 110, compared to the ASTM E- 1136 Standard Reference Test Tire, when using the snow traction test as described in ASTM F-1805-00, Standard Test Method for Single Wheel Driving Traction in a Straight Line on Snow-and Ice-Covered Surfaces, and which is marked with an Alpine Symbol ( ) on at least one sidewall The rim on which a tire is fitted for testing, and may be any rim listed as appropriate for use with that tire
537
6-1. Specifications
Tire related term
Meaning
Tread
Tread rib
Tread separation
Treadwear indica- tors(TWI)
That portion of a tire that comes into contact with the road A tread section running circumferentially around a tire Pulling away of the tread from the tire carcass The projections within the principal grooves designed to give a visual indication of the degrees of wear of the tread The fixture used to hold the wheel and tire assembly securely during testing
Wheel-holding fixture *:Table 1 Occupant loading and distribution for vehicle normal load
for various designated seating capacities
Designated seating capacity, Number of
occupants 2 through 4
5 through 10
11 through 15
16 through 20
Vehicle normal load, Number of occupants
Occupant distribution in a normally loaded
vehicle 2 in front
2 in front, 1 in second
seat
2 in front, 1 in second seat, 1 in third seat, 1
in fourth seat
2 in front, 2 in second seat, 2 in third seat, 1
in fourth seat
538
6-2. Customization Customizable features
Your vehicle includes a variety of electronic features that can be per- sonalized to your preferences. Programming these preferences requires specialized equipment and may be performed by an autho- rized Toyota dealership. Some function settings are changed simultaneously with other functions being customized. Contact your Toyota dealer for further details.
Item
Function
Default setting
Wireless remote control
ON
Wireless remote con- trol (P. 31)
Unlocking operation
Automatic door lock function to be activated if door is not opened after being unlocked Time elapsed before automatic door lock function is activated if door is not opened after being unlocked Operation signal (Emergency flashers) Operation signal (Buzzer) Panic function Buzzer sounds when pushing LOCK with any door not closed
Customized
setting OFF
All doors unlocked in one step
Driver’s door unlocked in one step, all doors unlocked in two steps
ON
OFF
60 seconds
30 seconds
120 seconds
ON
ON
ON
ON
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
539
6-2. Customization
Item
Function
Default setting
Wireless remote con- trol (P. 31)
Power back door (P. 40)
Door lock (P. 35)
Customized
setting
Push twice*
One short push*
Power back door oper- ation
Push and hold
Switch operation Wireless remote control linked operation Operation signal vol- ume Operation when door locks Time elapsed before back door closing func- tion is activated when pushing switch in the luggage compartment Speed-detecting auto- matic door lock function Opening driver’s door unlocks all doors. Shifting gears to “P” unlocks all doors. Shifting gears to posi- tion other than “P” locks all doors.
Push and hold One short push
ON
OFF
OFF
ON
Possible
Impossible
1.5 seconds
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
0 seconds
1 seconds
2 seconds
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
*: It is possible to select them only when the power back door operation with
the open/close switch is made impossible when the door is locked.
540
Item
Function
Default setting
Unlocking using a key
Driver’s door unlocked in one step, all doors unlocked in two steps
Door key linked opera- tion
Open and close
Door key linked opera- tion
Open and close
6-2. Customization
Customized
setting
All doors unlocked in one step
Open only Close only
OFF
Open only Close only
OFF
Linked operation of components when door key is used Light sensor sensitivity Time elapsed before headlights automati- cally turn off after doors are closed
Linked back door key operation
Sensitivity of jam pro- tection function Washer linkage wiper control
Drip prevention function
Slide only
Tilt only
