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Approximately 45.3 — 33.5 (1150 — 850) Approximately 33.5 (850) or less
Indicator and buzzer
Intermittent
Fast
intermittent
Continuous
221
Far
Zone
in in.
Rear corner sensors Distance shown as (mm) Approximately 33.5 — 20.5
(850 — 520) Approximately 20.5 — 15.7 (520 — 400) Approximately 15.7 (400) or lessNear
Mid
Far
Zone
in in.
Front corner sensors Distance shown as (mm) Approximately 23.6 — 15.7
(600 — 400) Approximately 15.7 — 9.8 (400 — 250) Approximately 9.8 (250) or lessNear
Mid
Indicator and buzzer
Intermittent
Fast
intermittent
Continuous
Indicator and buzzer
Intermittent
Fast
intermittent
Continuous
2-4. Using other driving systems
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2-4. Using other driving systems
■ When two or more obstacles are detected simultaneously
The buzzer system responds to the nearest zone.
■ When multiple obstacles are detected in front and behind the
vehicle at the same time The buzzer will change in the following manner. ● If an obstacle has been detected within 15.7 in. (400 mm) of the front or 33.5 in. (850 mm) in rear of the vehicle (a continuous buzzer is sounding), and a new obstacle is detected at the other end of the vehicle, the buzzer will sound 7 times then one contin- uous buzzer.
● If an obstacle has been detected within 15.7 in. (400 mm) of the front or 33.5 in. (850 mm) in rear of the vehicle (a continuous buzzer is sounding), and a new obstacle is detected at the same way at the other end of the vehicle, the buzzer will sound 3 times then one continuous buzzer.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
Sensors that operate and detection range
The following diagrams show the sensor detection range. Note that sensors may not be able to detect obstacles that are extremely close to the vehicle. ■ Detection range of the sensors
Back sensors Rear corner sensors Front corner sensors
Perceptible area
Approx. 70.9 in. (1800 mm) Approx. 33.5 in. (850 mm) Approx. 23.6 in. (600 mm)
The diagram shows the detection range of the sensors. Note that the sen- sors may not be able to detect obstacles that are extremely close to the vehi- cle. The range of the sensors may change depending on the shape of the object etc.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
■Sensor detection information
●Certain vehicle conditions and the surrounding environment may affect the ability of a sensor to correctly detect an obstacle. Particular instances where this may occur are listed below. • There is dirt, snow or ice on a sensor. • A sensor is frozen. • A sensor is covered in any way. • The vehicle is leaning considerably to one side. • On an extremely bumpy road, on an incline, on gravel, or on grass. • The vicinity of the vehicle is noisy due to vehicle horns, motorcycle engines, air brakes of large vehicles, or other loud noises producing ultrasonic waves.
• There is another vehicle equipped with parking assist sensors in the
vicinity.
• A sensor is coated with a sheet of spray or heavy rain. • The vehicle is equipped with a fender pole or radio antenna. • A bumper or sensor receives a strong impact. • The vehicle is approaching a tall or right-angled curb. • In harsh sunlight or intense cold weather. • The area directly under the bumpers is not detected.
Objects lower than the sensors or thin stakes etc. may be detected ini- tially, but as they draw closer, they may cease to be detected.
• A towing hitch is mounted to the vehicle. • A non-genuine Toyota suspension (lowered suspension etc.) is
installed.
• When attaching a two-way radio antenna. • When a towing eyelet is mounted on your vehicle. • When the bumper is damaged.
In addition to the examples above, there are instances in which, because of their shapes, signs and other objects may be judged by a sensor to be closer than they are.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
●The shape of the obstacle may prevent a sensor from detecting it. Pay
particular attention to the following obstacles: • Wires, fences, ropes, etc. • Cotton, snow and other materials that absorb sound waves • Sharply-angled objects • Low obstacles • Tall obstacles with upper sections projecting outwards in the direction
of your vehicle
• A person near the vehicle (depending on the type of clothes worn) • When the bumper is damaged.
■Certification (Canada only)
This ISM device complies with Canadian ICES-001.
■If the indicator is continuously on
Have the vehicle inspected by your Toyota dealer.
■If the indicator remains blinking but do not sound the buzzer
Clean the sensors with soft cloth.
CAUTION
■Caution when using the intuitive parking assist
Observe the following precautions. Failure to do so may result in the vehicle being unable to be driven safely and possibly cause an accident. ●Do not use the sensor at speeds in excess of 6 mph (10 km/h). ●Do not attach any accessories within the sensor range. ●When moving forward or reversing, always check your surroundings for
safety and drive carefully.
NOTICE
■Notes when washing the vehicle
Do not apply intensive bursts of water or steam to the sensor area. Doing so may result in the sensor malfunctioning.
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2-4. Using other driving systems BSM (Blind Spot Monitor)
The Blind Spot Monitor is a system that assists the driver to confirm safety when changing lanes. The system uses radar sensors to detect vehicles that are traveling in an adjacent lane in the area that is not reflected in the outside rear view mirror (the blind spot), and advises the driver of the vehi- cles existence via the outside rear view mirror indicator.
BSM main switch Pressing the switch turns the system on or off. When the switch is set to on, the switch’s indicator illuminates. Outside rear view mirror indicator When a vehicle is detected in the blind spot, the outside rear view mir- ror indicator on that side illuminates. If the turn signal lever is operated when a vehicle is in the blind spot, the outside rear view mirror indica- tor flashes.
: If equipped 227
2-4. Using other driving systems
The Blind Spot Monitor system detection areas
The blind spot that vehicles can be detected in are outlined below.
The range of the detection area extends to:
Approximately 11.5 ft. (3.5 m) from the side of the vehicle The first 1.6 ft. (0.5 m) from the side of the vehicle is not in the detection area Approximately 9.8 ft. (3 m) from the rear bumper Approximately 3.3 ft. (1 m) for- ward of the rear bumper
■The Blind Spot Monitor is operational when
The BSM main switch is set to ON and vehicle speed is greater than about 25 mph (40 km/h)
■The Blind Spot Monitor will detect a vehicle when ●A vehicle in an adjacent lane overtakes the vehicle. ●Another vehicle enters the detection area when it changes lanes.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
■Conditions under which the Blind Spot Monitor will not detect a vehicle The Blind Spot Monitor is not designed to detect the following types of vehi- cles and/or objects: ●Vehicles traveling in the opposite direction ●Small motorcycles, bicycles, pedestrians etc.* ●Following vehicles that are in the same lane* ●Guardrails, walls, signs, parked vehicles and similar stationary objects* ●Vehicles driving 2 lanes across from your vehicle* *: Depending on conditions, detection of a vehicle and/or object may occur ■Conditions under which the Blind Spot Monitor may not function cor-
rectly ●The Blind Spot Monitor may not detect vehicles correctly in the following
conditions: • During bad weather such as heavy rain, fog, snow etc. • When ice or mud etc. is attached to the rear bumper • When driving on a road surface that is wet due to rain, previous rain,
standing water etc.
• When there is a significant difference in speed between your vehicle
and the vehicle that enters the detection area
• When a vehicle is in the detection area from a stop and remains in the
detection area as your vehicle accelerates
• When driving up or down consecutive steep inclines, such as hills, a
dip in the road etc.
vehicle
away from your vehicle
• When multiple vehicles approach with only a small gap between each
• When vehicle lanes are wide, and the vehicle in the next lane is too far
• When the vehicle that enters the detection area is traveling at about
the same speed as your vehicle
• When towing anything such as trailer, boat, etc. • When there is a significant difference in height between your vehicle
and the vehicle that enters the detection area
• Directly after the BSM switch is set to on • When items such as a bicycle carrier are installed on the rear of the
vehicle
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2-4. Using other driving systems
●Instances of the Blind Spot Monitor unnecessarily detecting a vehicle
and/or object may increase under the following conditions: • When there is only a short distance between your vehicle and a guard-
• When there is only a short distance between your vehicle and a follow-
rail, wall etc.
ing vehicle
• When vehicle lanes are narrow and a vehicle driving 2 lanes across
from your vehicle enters the detection area
■The outside rear view mirror indicators visibility
When under strong sunlight, the outside rear view mirror indicator may be difficult to see.
■When there is a malfunction in the system
If a system malfunction is detected due to any of the following reasons, warning messages will be displayed: (P. 480) ●There is a malfunction with the sensors ●The sensors have become dirty ●The outside temperature is extremely high or low ●The sensor voltage has become abnormal
■Certification for the BSM
For vehicles sold in the U.S.A.
FCC ID: OAYBSDTX This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following three conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference. (2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference
that may cause undesired operation.
(3) This device may only work when the vehicle is in operation pursuant to §
15.252 (a) (4).
FCC WARNING Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
230
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2-4. Using other driving systems
For vehicles sold in Canada
IC: 4135A-BSDTX This device complies with the radio standards specification RSS-220 of Industry Canada. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference. (2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference
that may cause undesired operation.
NOTE During printing time of this user manual the approvals listed below are granted. Further countries may become available or actual certification identifiers may be subject to change or update. WARNING Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
CAUTION
■Cautions regarding the use of the system
The driver is solely responsible for safe driving. Always drive safely, taking care to observe your surroundings. The Blind Spot Monitor is a supplementary system which alerts the driver that a vehicle is present in the blind spot. Do not overly rely on the Blind Spot Monitor. The system cannot judge if it is safe to change lanes, therefore over reliance could cause an accident resulting in death or serious injury. Accord- ing to conditions, the system may not function correctly. Therefore the driver’s own visual confirmation of safety is necessary.
■Handling the radar sensor
One Blind Spot Monitor installed inside the left and right side of the vehicle rear bumper respectively. Observe the following to ensure the Blind Spot Monitor can function correctly.
●Keep the sensor and its surrounding
area on the bumper clean at all times.
●Do not subject the sensor or surrounding area on the bumper to a strong impact. If the sensor moves even slightly off position, the system may mal- function and vehicles that enter the detection area may not be detected. If the sensor or surrounding area is subject to a strong impact, always have the area inspected by your Toyota dealer.
●Do not disassemble the sensor. ●Do not attach accessories or stickers to the sensor or surrounding area on
the bumper.
●Do not modify the sensor or surrounding area on the bumper. ●Do not paint the sensor or surrounding area on the bumper.
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2-4. Using other driving systems Electronically modulated air suspension
The electronically modulated air suspension allows the driver to control the vehicle’s height in order to adjust for driving conditions. Select the desired height with the height control switch.
Height control switch Height control mode select switch
Selecting vehicle height
Higher Lower
Vehicle height can be adjusted only when the engine is running. The height control indicator stops blinking, and comes on continuously to indicate that the mode shift is completed.
: If equipped 233
2-4. Using other driving systems
■ Height modes
● N mode (normal mode): For ordinary driving
Normal height
● HI mode (high mode): For driving on bumpy roads
1.2 in. (30 mm) higher than the normal height The HI mode is unavailable when the vehicle’s speed exceeds 18 mph (30 km/h). When the vehicle’s speed exceeds 18 mph (30 km/h), the height will be adjusted to the normal height automatically.
● LO mode (low mode): For the ease of egress/ingress and load-
ing luggage 1.2 in. (30 mm) lower than the normal height The LO mode is unavailable when the vehicle’s speed exceeds 8 mph (12 km/h). When the vehicles speed exceeds 8 mph (12 km/h), the height will be adjusted to the normal height automatically.
Disabling the height control
When the height control mode select switch is pressed, the vehicle height is fixed at the cur- rent height. The height can be adjusted by pressing the height control switch. When speed exceeds 18 mph (30 km/h), the height will be adjusted to the nor- mal height automatically.
vehicle’s
the
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2-4. Using other driving systems
■Automatic leveling function
Regardless of the number of occupants or the luggage load, vehicle height in any mode is always adjusted to a fixed height by the automatic leveling function.
■When HI mode is selected
The vehicle height will change to N mode when driving at the speeds of 18
mph (30 km/h).■When LO mode is selected
●The vehicle height will change to N mode when vehicle speed exceeds 7
mph (12 km/h).
●This mode allows for easy access to the vehicle (getting in and out) and
easy loading and unloading.
■The electronically modulated air suspension will not operate in the fol-
lowing cases: ●The underbody of the vehicle is touching the surface of the road. ●The area around the suspension is covered with ice. The height control indicators will blink, turn off and then turn on continuously to indicate that the electronically modulated air suspension is not opera- tional. To re-enable operation, turn off the engine and then restart it.
■Even if you hear an operating noise
This does not indicate a problem in the electronically modulated air suspen- sion.
■If there is a problem somewhere in the electronically modulated air
suspension The height control MAN. indicator will behave as follows: ●The indicator will not come on when the engine switch is turned on. ●The indicator will blink. Although the vehicle may be driven, have the vehicle inspected by your Toy- ota dealer.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
CAUTION
■The electronically modulated air suspension must be turned off in the
following circumstances: Otherwise, the automatic leveling function may cause the vehicle’s height to change, and you may catch part of your body in the vehicle, resulting in an unexpected accident: ●When driving through water such as shallow streams (Put the vehicle height in HI mode and turn off the electronically modulated air suspension. Drive at 18 mph [30 km/h] or slower.)
●When jacking up the vehicle, installing tire chains or tying the vehicle with chains/wires for transportation via flat bed truck (Turn the system to the manual mode and stop the engine.)
●When the vehicle must be towed (Put the vehicle height in N mode and
turn the system to the manual mode.)
●When the vehicle gets stuck (Turn the system to the manual mode.) ●When disconnecting a trailer (Put the vehicle height in LO mode and turn
the system to the manual mode.) ■Selecting the correct height mode
Observe the following precautions to prevent accidents. Failure to do so may cause damage to parts of the vehicle, as well as dan- gerous handling characteristics, which may lead to fatal or injury accidents. ●Before you lower the vehicle’s height, check under the vehicle to make
sure that no one is there.
●HI mode should only be used when driving on rough roads, for example
when driving off-road. Because the vehicle’s center of gravity will become higher when in the mode, the vehicle may become unstable when turning abruptly, resulting in an accident.
●Do not select HI mode when you load cargo on the roof luggage carrier.
Because the vehicle’s center of gravity will become higher when in the mode, the vehicle may become unstable when turning abruptly, resulting in an accident.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
NOTICE
■Be careful in any place where overhead space is limited.
When changing to a higher mode or after unloading, the vehicle height will rise. This may cause damage to the vehicle.
■Do not select LO mode when driving on bumpy roads.
If the underbody of the vehicle touches a rugged road surface, the vehicle may be damaged.
■Do not change the vehicle height frequently.
The compressor might overheat and cause the operation to stop.
■When on the extremely uneven roads with rocks
Sometimes the vehicle height is not adjusted because it is judged as uneven road driving.
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2-4. Using other driving systems AVS (Adaptive Variable Suspension System)
AVS controls the suspension according to the road and driving con- ditions. Selecting an optimum driving mode allows good vehicle posture and steering wheel operation.
Sport mode For winding mountain road driving or high speed driving. Normal mode For ordinary driving. Comfort mode For driving on a bumpy road.
■Driving mode
●Sport mode is suitable for winding mountain road driving, high speed
driving or towing a trailer.
●Normal mode is suitable for ordinary driving.
238
: If equipped
2-4. Using other driving systems Four-wheel drive system
Use the front wheel drive control switch to select the following trans- fer modes.
*1
*2
*1: Vehicles with multi-information display *2: Vehicles without multi-information display
2WD (high speed position, two-wheel drive) Normal driving. 4H (high speed position, four-wheel drive) Greater traction than two wheel drive. When you experience a loss of power, such as wheel slipping. The 4HI indicator comes on. 4L (low speed position, four-wheel drive) Driving requiring maximum power and traction such as climbing or descending steep hills, off-road driving and hard pulling in sand or mud, etc. The 4LO indicator comes on.
: If equipped 239
2-4. Using other driving systems
Shifting between 4H and 4L
■ Shifting from 4H to 4L
Stop the vehicle completely. Shift the shift lever to N. Push and turn the front wheel drive control switch fully clock- wise. Maintain this condition until the 4LO indicator turns on.
■ Shifting from 4L to 4H
Stop the vehicle completely. Shift the shift lever to N. Turn the front wheel drive control switch fully counterclock- wise. Maintain this condition until the 4LO indicator turns off.
Center differential lock switch
Use the center differential lock system if your wheels get stuck in a ditch, or when you are driv- ing on a slippery or bumpy sur- face.
Unlock the center differential after the wheels have been freed, or after moving to a flat, non-slippery surface.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
■Shifting between 2WD and 4H
●Reduce your speed to less than 62 mph (100 km/h) and set the front
wheel drive control switch between 2WD and 4H. When the ambient temperature is 5.0°F (-15°C) or lower, shifting from 2WD to 4H cannot be performed with the vehicle speed above 43 mph (70
km/h).●If the 4HI indicator does not go off when you shift from 4H to 2WD, drive
straight ahead while accelerating or decelerating, or drive in reverse.
■Four-wheel drive usage frequency
You should drive in four-wheel drive for at least 10 miles (16 km) each month. This will assure that the front drive components are lubricated. ■The center differential lock switch can be operated when
●The front wheel drive control switch is in the 4H or 4L position. ●The vehicle speed is less than 62 mph (100 km/h)
■Center differential lock system
●When the front wheel drive control switch is in the 4L position and the
center differential is locked, the VSC is automatically turned off.
●When the front wheel drive control switch is turned to the 2WD position,
the center differential is automatically unlocked.
●If the operation is not completed, the center differential lock indicator blinks. If the indicator does not go off when unlocking the center differen- tial, drive straight ahead while accelerating or decelerating, or drive in reverse.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
■If the 4LO indicator, 4HI indicator or the center differential lock indica-
tor blinks ●If the 4LO indicator continues to blink when shifting between 4H and 4L, stop the vehicle completely, move the shift lever to N and operate the switch again.
●If the shift lever is moved before the 4LO indicator turns on/off, the trans- fer mode may not be shifted completely. The transfer mode disengages both the front and rear driveshafts from the powertrain and allows the vehicle to move regardless of the shift position. (At this time, the indicator blinks and the buzzer sounds.) Therefore, the vehicle is free to roll even if the automatic transmission is in P. You or someone else could be seriously injured. You must complete the shifting of the transfer mode. To complete the shifting, stop the vehicle completely, return the shift lever to N, and confirm that the shift was completed (The indicator turns on/off). ●If the engine coolant temperature is too low, transfer mode may not be
able to shift. When the engine is warmer, turn the switch again.
If the 4LO indicator, 4HI indicator or the center differential lock indicator con- tinues to blink even after attempting the above, there may be a malfunction in the engine, the brake system or the four-wheel drive system. In this case, you may not be able to shift between 2WD and 4H, 4H and 4L, and the cen- ter differential lock may not be operable. Have the vehicle inspected by your Toyota dealer immediately.
■Shifting to 4L position
The VSC OFF indicator will come on. If the center differential is locked, VSC is automatically turned off.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
CAUTION
■Shifting from 2WD to 4H while driving
Never operate the front wheel drive control switch if the wheels are slipping. Stop the slipping or spinning before shifting.
■When the vehicle is parked
If the shift lever is moved before the 4LO indicator turns on/off, the transfer mode may not be shifted completely. The transfer mode disengages both the front and rear driveshafts from the powertrain and allows the vehicle to move regardless of the shift position. (At this time, the indicator blinks and the buzzer sounds.) Therefore, the vehicle is free to roll even if the automatic transmission is in P. You or someone else could be seriously injured. You must complete the shifting of the transfer mode before placing transmission in P. (P. 239)
NOTICE
■To prevent damage to the center differential
●For normal driving on dry and hard surface roads, unlock the center differ-
ential.
●Unlock the center differential after the wheels are out of the ditch or off the
loose or bumpy surface.
●Do not push the center differential lock switch when the vehicle is corner-
ing or when its wheels are spinning freely off the ground.
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2-4. Using other driving systems AUTO LSD system
The AUTO LSD system aids traction by using the traction control system to control engine performance and braking when one of the rear wheels begins to spin. The system should be used only when one of the rear wheels spin- ning occurs in a ditch or rough surface. ■ System operation
The system can be used on 2WD models and in 2WD mode on 4WD models. The system is activated when driving at a speed under 62 mph (100 km/h). The AUTO LSD system will be activated with the following two procedures.
Press the VSC OFF switch briefly.
At this time, the AUTO LSD indicator will come on. To turn off the system, push the switch again.
Stop the vehicle completely, and press the VSC OFF switch for more than 3 sec- onds.
At this time, VSC OFF and AUTO LSD indicators will come on simultaneously. To turn off the system, push the switch again.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
When the AUTO LSD system is operating
If the rear wheels spin, the slip indicator flashes to indicate that the AUTO LSD system has con- trolled the spinning of the rear wheels.
■If the engine is turned off and restarted
The AUTO LSD system and the indicators are automatically turned off.
■If the brake system overheats
The AUTO LSD system will cease operation, and the slip indicator will change from flashing to being on continuously to alert the driver. Stop the vehicle in a safe place. (There is no problem with continuing normal driving.) The system will be automatically restored after a short time.
CAUTION
■To avoid an accident
●Do not use the AUTO LSD system in conditions other than the above.
A much greater steering effort and more careful cornering control will be required.
●Do not drive with the AUTO LSD system continuously turned on.
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2-4. Using other driving systems Driving assist systems
To help enhance driving safety and performance, the following sys- tems operate automatically in response to various driving situations. Be aware, however, that these systems are supplementary and should not be relied upon too heavily when operating the vehicle. ■ ABS (Anti-lock Brake System)
Helps to prevent wheel lock when the brakes are applied suddenly, or if the brakes are applied while driving on a slippery road surface.
■ Brake Assist
Generates an increased level of braking force after the brake pedal is depressed, when the system detects a panic stop situation.
■ VSC (Vehicle Stability Control)
Helps the driver to control skidding when swerving suddenly or turning on slippery road surfaces. ■ Trailer Sway Control
Helps the driver to control trailer sway by selectively applying brake pressure for individual wheels and reducing engine torque when trailer sway is detected. Trailer Sway Control is part of the VSC system and will not operate if VSC is turned off or experiences a malfunction.
■ TRAC (Traction Control) for 2WD
Maintains drive power and prevents the rear wheels from spinning when starting the vehicle or accelerating on slippery roads.
■ A-TRAC (Active Traction Control) for 4WD
Maintains drive power and prevents all wheels from spinning when starting the vehicle or accelerating on slippery roads.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
When VSC/Trailer Sway Control/TRAC/A-TRAC are operating
The slip indicator will flash while the VSC/Trailer Sway Con- trol/TRAC/ A-TRAC systems are operating.
To disable VSC, Trailer Sway Control and/or TRAC (2WD models and 2WD mode on 4WD models)
If the vehicle gets stuck in fresh snow or mud, VSC, Trailer Sway Control and/or TRAC may reduce power from the engine to the wheels. You may need to turn the system off to enable you to rock the vehicle in order to free it. ■ TRAC OFF mode
the VSC OFF switch
Press briefly.
indicator will
The AUTO LSD come on. The system is in TRAC off, AUTO LSD on and VSC, Trailer Sway Control on mode. Push the switch again to turn the system back on.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
■ AUTO LSD mode
■ VSC OFF mode
Stop the vehicle completely, and press the VSC OFF switch for more than 3 seconds, when the system is in the TRAC OFF mode.
The VSC OFF and AUTO LSD indicators will come on. The system is in TRAC off, AUTO LSD on and VSC, Trailer Sway Control off mode.
Stop the vehicle completely, and press the VSC OFF switch for more than 3 seconds, when the system is in the AUTO LSD mode.
The VSC OFF and TRAC OFF indicators will come on. The system is all off mode.
248
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2-4. Using other driving systems
To disable VSC, Trailer Sway Control and/or A-TRAC (4H mode on 4WD models)
If the vehicle gets stuck in fresh snow or mud, VSC, Trailer Sway Control and/or A-TRAC may reduce power from the engine to the wheels. You may need to turn the system off to enable you to rock the vehicle in order to free it. ■ A-TRAC OFF mode
■ VSC OFF mode
the VSC OFF switch
Press briefly.
The TRAC OFF indicator will come on. The system is in A-TRAC off and VSC, Trailer Sway Control on mode. This mode can be used when the transfer mode is 4H mode and the center differential is unlocked. Push the switch again to turn the system back on.
Stop the vehicle completely, and press the VSC OFF switch for more than 3 seconds.
The VSC OFF and TRAC OFF indicators will come on. The system is all off mode.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
To disable A-TRAC (4L mode on 4WD models)
If the vehicle gets stuck in fresh snow or mud, A-TRAC may reduce power from the engine to the wheels. You may need to turn the sys- tem off to enable you to rock the vehicle in order to free it.
Stop the vehicle completely, and press the VSC OFF switch for more than 3 seconds.
The TRAC OFF indicator will come on. The system is in all off mode. Push the switch again to turn the system back on.
■Automatic reactivation of TRAC, A-TRAC, VSC and Trailer Sway Con-
trol Turning the engine switch off after turning off the TRAC, A-TRAC, VSC and Trailer Sway Control systems will automatically re-enable them.
■Automatic A-TRAC reactivation (A-TRAC OFF mode)
With A-TRAC OFF mode, TRAC OFF indicator turn on. The A-TRAC system will turn on when the vehicle speed increases.
■When the TRAC OFF indicator comes on even if the VSC OFF switch
has not been pressed TRAC cannot be operated. Contact your Toyota dealer.
■Sounds and vibrations caused by the ABS, TRAC, A-TRAC, VSC,
Trailer Sway Control and brake assist system ●A sound may be heard from the engine compartment when the engine is started and just after the vehicle begins to move. This sound does not indicate that a malfunction has occurred in any of these systems.
●Any of the following conditions may occur when the above systems are
operating. None of these indicates that a malfunction has occurred. • Vibrations may be felt through the vehicle body and steering. • A motor sound may be heard after the vehicle comes to a stop. • The brake pedal may pulsate slightly after the ABS is activated. • The brake pedal may move down slightly after the ABS is activated.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
■If the brake system overheats
TRAC or A-TRAC will cease operation, and the slip indicator will change from flashing to being on continuously to alert the driver. Stop the vehicle in a safe place. (There is no problem with continuing normal driving.)
■Shifting to 4L position
The VSC OFF indicator will come on. If the center differential is locked, VSC and Trailer Sway Control are auto- matically turned off.
■Power steering system operation sound
When you turn the engine switch to ON after the battery has been discon- nected and reconnected, a sound may be heard from the engine compart- ment. This does not indicate a malfunction.
CAUTION
Any of the following conditions may result in an accident which could cause death or serious injury. ■The ABS does not operate effectively when
●The limits of tire gripping performance have been exceeded (such as
excessively worn tires on a snow covered road).
●The vehicle hydroplanes while driving at high speed on the wet or slick
road.
■Stopping distance when the ABS is operating may exceed that of nor-
mal conditions The ABS is not designed to shorten the vehicle’s stopping distance. Always maintain a safe distance from the vehicle in front of you, especially in the fol- lowing situations. ●When driving on dirt, gravel or snow-covered roads ●When driving with tire chains ●When driving over bumps in the road ●When driving over roads with potholes or roads with uneven roads
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2-4. Using other driving systems
CAUTION
■When VSC and Trailer Sway Control are activated
The slip indicator flashes. Always drive carefully. Reckless driving may cause an accident. Exercise particular care when the indicator flashes.
■TRAC or A-TRAC may not operate effectively when
Directional control and power may not be achievable while driving on slip- pery road surfaces, even if TRAC or A-TRAC is operating. Do not drive the vehicle in conditions where stability and power may be lost.
■Replacing tires
Make sure that all tires are of the same size, brand, tread pattern and total load capacity. In addition, make sure that the tires are inflated to the appro- priate tire pressure level. The ABS, VSC and Trailer Sway Control will not function correctly if different tires are fitted on the vehicle. Contact your Toyota dealer for further information when replacing tires or wheels.
■Handling of tires and suspension
Using tires with any kind of problem or modifying the suspension will affect the driving assist systems, and may cause the system to malfunction.
■Trailer Sway Control precaution
The Trailer Sway Control system is not able to reduce trailer sway in all situ- ations. Depending on many factors such as the conditions of the vehicle, trailer, road surface, and driving environment, the Trailer Sway Control sys- tem may not be effective. Refer to your trailer owner’s manual for information on how to tow your trailer properly.
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2-4. Using other driving systems
CAUTION
■If trailer sway occurs
Observe the following precautions. Failing to do so may cause death or serious injury. ●Firmly grip the steering wheel. Steer straight ahead.
Do not try to control trailer swaying by turning the steering wheel.
●Begin releasing the accelerator pedal immediately but very gradually to
reduce speed. Do not increase speed. Do not apply vehicle brakes.
If you make no extreme correction with the steering or brakes, your vehicle and trailer should stabilize. (P. 286)
253
2-5. Driving information Off-road precautions
This vehicle belongs to the utility vehicle class, which has higher ground clearance and narrower tread in relation to the height of its center of gravity to make it capable of performing in a wide variety of off-road applications.
Off-road vehicle feature
● Specific design characteristics give it a higher center of gravity than ordinary passenger cars. This vehicle design feature causes this type of vehicle to be more likely to rollover. And, utility vehicles have a significantly higher rollover rate than other types of vehi- cles.
● An advantage of the higher ground clearance is a better view of the
road allowing you to anticipate problems.
● It is not designed for cornering at the same speeds as ordinary passenger cars any more than low-slung sports cars designed to perform satisfactorily under off-road conditions. Therefore, sharp turns at excessive speeds may cause rollover.
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2-5. Driving information
CAUTION
■Off-road vehicle precautions
Always observe the following precautions to minimize the risk of serious per- sonal injury or damage to your vehicle: ●In a rollover crash, an unbelted person is significantly more likely to die than a person wearing a seat belt. Therefore, the driver and all passengers should always fasten their seat belts.
●Avoid sharp turns or abrupt maneuvers, if at all possible.
Failure to operate this vehicle correctly may result in loss of control or vehicle rollover causing death or serious injury.
●Loading cargo on the roof luggage carrier will make the center of the vehi- cle gravity higher. Avoid high speeds, sudden starts, sharp turns, sudden braking or abrupt maneuvers, otherwise it may result in loss of control or vehicle rollover due to failure to operate this vehicle correctly.
●Always slow down in gusty crosswinds. Because of its profile and higher center of gravity, your vehicle is more sensitive to side winds than an ordi- nary passenger car. Slowing down will allow you to have better control.
●When driving off-road or in rugged terrain, do not drive at excessive speeds, jump, make sharp turns, strike objects, etc. This may cause loss of control or vehicle rollover causing death or serious injury. You are also risking expensive damage to your vehicle’s suspension and chassis.
●Do not drive horizontally across steep slopes. Driving straight up or straight down is preferred. Your vehicle (or any similar off-road vehicle) can tip over sideways much more easily than forward or backward.
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2-5. Driving information
Off-road driving
When driving your vehicle off-road, please observe the following pre- cautions to ensure your driving enjoyment and to help prevent the closure of areas to off-road vehicles. ● Drive your vehicle only in areas where off-road vehicles are permit-
ted to travel.
● Respect private property. Get owner’s permission before entering
private property.
● Do not enter areas that are closed. Honor gates, barriers and signs
that restrict travel.
● Stay on established roads. When conditions are wet, driving tech- niques should be changed or travel delayed to prevent damage to roads.
■Additional information for off-road driving
For owners in U.S. mainland, Hawaii and Puerto Rico:
To obtain additional information pertaining to driving your vehicle off-road, consult the following organizations. ●State and Local Parks and Recreation Departments ●State Motor Vehicle Bureau ●Recreational Vehicle Clubs ●U.S. Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management
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2-5. Driving information
CAUTION
■Off-road driving precautions
Always observe the following precautions to minimize the risk of serious per- sonal injury or damage to your vehicle: ●Drive carefully when off the road. Do not take unnecessary risks by driving
in dangerous places.
●Do not grip the steering wheel spokes when driving off-road. A bad bump could jerk the wheel and injure your hands. Keep both hands and espe- cially your thumbs on the outside of the rim.
●Always check your brakes for effectiveness immediately after driving in
sand, mud, water or snow.
●After driving through tall grass, mud, rock, sand, rivers, etc., check that there is no grass, bush, paper, rags, stone, sand, etc. adhering or trapped on the underbody. Clear off any such matter from the underbody. If the vehicle is used with these materials trapped or adhering to the underbody, a breakdown or fire could occur.
●In a rollover crash, an unbelted person is significantly more likely to die than a person wearing a seat belt. Therefore, the driver and all passengers should fasten their seat belts whenever the vehicle is moving.
●When driving off-road or in rugged terrain, do not drive at excessive speeds, jump, make sharp turns, strike objects, etc. This may cause loss of control or vehicle rollover causing death or serious injury. You are also risking expensive damage to your vehicle’s suspension and chassis.
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2-5. Driving information
NOTICE
■To prevent the water damage
●Take all necessary safety measures to ensure that water damage to the
engine or other components does not occur.
●Water entering the engine air intake will cause severe engine damage. ●Water entering the automatic transmission will cause deterioration in shift quality, locking up of your transmission accompanied by vibration, and ulti- mately damage.
●Water can wash the grease from wheel bearings, causing rusting and pre- mature failure, and may also enter the differentials, transmission and transfer case, reducing the gear oil’s lubricating qualities.
■When you drive through water
If driving through water, such as when crossing shallow streams, first check the depth of the water and the bottom of the river bed for firmness. Drive slowly and avoid deep water.
■Inspection after off-road driving
●Sand and mud that has accumulated in brake drums and around brake discs may affect braking efficiency and may damage brake system compo- nents.
●Always perform a maintenance inspection after each day of off-road driv- ing that has taken you through rough terrain, sand, mud, or water. For scheduled maintenance information, refer to the “Scheduled Maintenance Guide” or “Owner’s Manual Supplement”.
258
2-5. Driving information Cargo and luggage
Take notice of the following information about storage precau- tions, cargo capacity and load. ● Stow cargo and luggage in the luggage compartment whenever
possible.
● Be sure all items are secured in place. ● Be careful to keep the vehicle level. Placing the weight as far for-
ward as possible helps maintain vehicle balance.
● For better fuel economy, do not carry unnecessary weight.
Capacity and distribution
Cargo capacity depends on the total weight of the occupants. (Cargo capacity) = (Total load capacity) (Total weight of occupants) Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit— (1)Locate the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs.” on your vehicle’s placard.
(2)Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that
will be riding in your vehicle.
(3)Subtract the combined weight of the driver and passengers from
XXX kg or XXX lbs.
(4)The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and lug-
gage load capacity. For example, if the “XXX” amount equals 1400 lbs. and there will be five 150 lb passengers in your vehicle, the amount of available cargo and luggage load capacity is 650 lbs. (1400 750 (5 150) = 650 lbs.)
(5)Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4.
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2-5. Driving information
(6)If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle. Consult this manual to determine how this reduces the available cargo and luggage load capacity of your vehicle.
Calculation formula for your vehicle
Cargo capacity Total load capacity (vehicle capacity weight) (P. 513)
When 2 people with the combined weight of A lb. (kg) are riding in your vehicle, which has a total load capacity (vehicle capacity weight) of B lb. (kg), the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity will be C lb. (kg) as follows: B*2 lb. (kg) A*1 lb. (kg) = C*3 lb. (kg) *1: A = Weight of people *2: B = Total load capacity *3: C = Available cargo and luggage load
In this condition, if 3 more passengers with the combined weight of D lb. (kg) get on, the available cargo and luggage load will be reduced E lb. (kg) as follows:
C lb. (kg) D*4 lb. (kg) = E*5 lb. (kg) *4: D = Additional weight of people *5: E = Available cargo and luggage load
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2-5. Driving information
As shown in the above example, if the number of occupants increases, the cargo and luggage load will be reduced by an amount that equals the increased weight due to the additional occupants. In other words, if an increase in the number of occupants causes an excess of the total load capacity (combined weight of occupants plus cargo and luggage load), you must reduce the cargo and luggage on your vehicle.
CAUTION
■Things that must not be carried in the luggage compartment
The following things may cause a fire if loaded in the luggage compart- ment. ●Receptacles containing gasoline ●Aerosol cans
■Storage precautions
Observe the following precautions. Failure to do so may result in death or serious injury. ●Do not stack anything in the luggage compartment higher than the
seatbacks. Such items may be thrown about and possibly injure people in the vehicle during sudden braking or in an accident.
●Do not place cargo or luggage in or on the following locations as the item may get under the brake or accelerator pedal and prevent the pedals from being depressed properly, block the driver’s vision, or hit the driver or pas- sengers, causing an accident. • Driver’s feet • Front passenger or rear seats (when stacking items) • Instrument panel • Dashboard • Auxiliary box or tray that has no lid
●Secure all items in the occupant compartment, as they may shift and injure someone during sudden braking, sudden swerving or an acci- dent.
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2-5. Driving information
CAUTION
■Storage precautions
●Never allow anyone to ride in the luggage compartment. It is not designed for passengers. They should ride in their seats with their seat belts properly fastened. Otherwise, they are much more likely to suffer death or serious bodily injury, in the event of sudden braking, sudden swerving or an accident. ■Capacity and distribution
●Do not exceed the maximum axle weight rating or the total vehicle
weight rating.
●Even if the total load of occupant’s weight and the cargo load is less than the total load capacity, do not apply the load unevenly. Improper loading may cause deterioration of steering or braking control which may cause death or serious injury. ■Roof luggage carrier precautions
To use the roof rails as a roof luggage carrier, you must fit the roof rails with two or more genuine Toyota cross rails or their equivalent. When you load cargo on the roof luggage carrier, observe the following:
●Place the cargo so that its weight is distributed evenly between the front and rear axles.
●If loading long or wide cargo never exceed the vehicle overall length or width. (P. 512)
●Before driving, make sure the cargo is securely fastened on the roof
luggage carrier.
●Loading cargo on the roof luggage carrier will make the center of the vehicle gravity higher. Avoid high speeds, sudden starts, sharp turns, sudden braking or abrupt maneuvers, otherwise it may result in loss of control or vehicle rollover due to failure to operate this vehicle correctly and result in death or serious injury.
262
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2-5. Driving information
CAUTION
■Roof luggage carrier precautions
●If driving for a long distance, on rough roads, or at high speeds, stop the vehicle now and then during the trip to make sure the cargo remains in its place.
●Do not exceed 150 lb. (68 kg) cargo weight on the roof luggage carrier.
■Cross rail adjustment
Make sure the cross rails are locked securely by pushing forward and rear- ward them. Failure to do so may cause an unexpected accident or severe injury in the event of emergency braking or a collision.
263
2-5. Driving information Vehicle load limits
Vehicle load limits include total load capacity, seating capacity, TWR (Trailer Weight Rating) and cargo capacity. ■ Total load capacity (vehicle capacity weight): (P. 513)
Total load capacity means the combined weight of occupants, cargo and luggage. ■ Seating capacity:
With separated type second seat— 7 occupants (Front 2, Rear 5) With bench type second seat— 8 occupants (Front 2, Rear 6) Seating capacity means the maximum number of occupants whose estimated average weight is 150 lb. (68 kg) per person. Even if the number of occupants are within the seating capacity, do not exceed the total load capacity.
■ TWR (Trailer Weight Rating): (P. 275, 513)
TWR means the maximum gross trailer weight (trailer weight plus its cargo weight) that your vehicle is able to tow.
■ Cargo capacity
Cargo capacity may increase or decrease depending on the weight and the number of occupants.
■Total load capacity and seating capacity
These details are also described on the tire and loading information label. (P. 423)
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2-5. Driving information
CAUTION
■Overloading the vehicle
Do not overload the vehicle. It may not only cause damage to the tires, but also degrade steering and braking ability, resulting in an accident.
265
2-5. Driving information Winter driving tips
Carry out the necessary preparations and inspections before driving the vehicle in winter. Always drive the vehicle in a manner appropri- ate to the prevailing weather conditions. ■ Pre-winter preparations
● Use fluids that are appropriate to the prevailing outside tem-
peratures. • Engine oil • Engine coolant • Washer fluid
● Have a service technician inspect the level and specific grav-
ity of battery electrolyte.
● Have the vehicle fitted with four snow tires or purchase a set
of tire chains for the rear tires. Ensure that all tires are the same size and brand, and that chains match the size of the tires. ■ Before driving the vehicle
Perform the following according to the driving conditions. ● Do not try to forcibly open a window, scrape an outside rear view mirror surface or move a wiper or outside rear view mir- ror that is frozen. Pour warm water over the frozen area to melt the ice. Wipe away the water immediately to prevent it from freezing.
● To ensure proper operation of the climate control system fan, remove any snow that has accumulated on the air inlet vents in front of the windshield.
● Remove any ice that has accumulated on the vehicle chassis. ● Periodically check for and remove any excess ice or snow that may have accumulated in the wheel well or on the brakes.
266
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2-5. Driving information
■ When driving the vehicle
Accelerate the vehicle slowly and drive at a reduced speed suit- able to road conditions.
■ When parking the vehicle
Park the vehicle and move the shift lever to P without setting the parking brake. The parking brake may freeze up, preventing it from being released. If necessary, block the wheels to prevent inadvertent sliding or creeping. ■ Refueling (Flex-fuel vehicles)
Observe the following precautions when switching fuels, in order to maintain starting and driving performance. ● Do not change fuels when the fuel level is 1/4 or less. ● Always add at least 2.6 gal. (10 L) of fuel. ● After fulling up with fuel, warm up the engine or drive the vehi-
cle for at least 5 minutes or 7 miles (11 km).
● Do not accelerate rapidly immediately after refueling.
Selecting tire chains
Use the correct tire chain size when mounting the snow chains. Chain size is regulated for each tire size.
Side chain 0.2 in. (5 mm) in diameter Cross chain 0.25 in. (6.3 mm) in diameter
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2-5. Driving information
Regulations on the use of snow chains
● Regulations regarding the use of tire chains vary according to loca- tion and type of road. Always check local regulations before install- ing chains.
● Install the chains on the rear tires. ● Retighten the chains after driving 1/4 - 1/2 mile (0.5 - 1.0 km).
■Snow chain installation
Observe the following precautions when installing and removing chains. ●Install and remove tire chains in a safe location. ●Install tire chains on the rear tires only. Do not install tire chains on the
front tires.
●Install tire chains following the instructions provided in the accompanying
instructions.
CAUTION
■Driving with snow tires
Observe the following precautions to reduce the risk of accidents. Failing to do so may result in a loss of vehicle control and cause death or serious injury. ●Use tires of the size specified for your vehicle. ●Maintain the recommended level of air pressure. ●Do not drive in excess of 75 mph (120 km/h) regardless of the type of
snow tires being used.
●Snow tires should be installed on all wheels. ●Do not mix tires of different makes, models, tread patterns or treadwear.
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2-5. Driving information
CAUTION
■Driving with snow chains
Observe the following precautions to reduce the risk of accidents. Failing to do so may result in the vehicle being unable to be driven safely, and may cause death or serious injury. ●Do not drive in excess of the speed limit specified for the tire chains being
used or 30 mph (50 km/h), whichever is lower.
●Avoid driving on bumpy road surfaces or over potholes. ●Avoid sudden turns and braking. ●Slow down sufficiently before entering a curve to ensure that vehicle con-
trol is maintained.
NOTICE
■Repairing or replacing snow tires
Request repairs of and obtain replacement snow tires from Toyota deal- ers or legitimate tire retailers. This is because the removal and attachment of snow tires affects the operation of the tire pressure warning valves and transmitters.
■Fitting tire chains
The tire pressure warning valves and transmitters may not function cor- rectly when tire chains are fitted.
269
2-5. Driving information Trailer towing
Your vehicle is designed primarily as a passenger-and-load-carrying vehicle. Towing a trailer can have an adverse impact on handling, performance, braking, durability, and fuel consumption. For your safety and the safety of others, you must not overload your vehicle or trailer. You must also ensure that you are using appropriate tow- ing equipment, that the towing equipment has been installed cor- rectly and used properly, and that you employ the requisite driving habits. Vehicle-trailer stability and braking performance are affected by trailer stability, brake performance and setting, trailer brakes, the hitch and hitch systems (if equipped). To tow a trailer safely, use extreme care and drive the vehicle in accordance with your trailer’s characteristics and operating condi- tions. Toyota warranties do not apply to damage or malfunction caused by towing a trailer for commercial purposes. Contact your Toyota dealer for further information about additional requirements such as towing kits, etc.
270
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2-5. Driving information
Towing related terms
■ GCWR (Gross Combination Weight Rating)
The maximum allowable gross combination weight. The gross combination weight is the sum of the total vehicle weight (including the occupants, cargo and any optional equipment installed on the vehicle) and the weight of the trailer being towed (including the cargo in the trailer).
■ GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating)
The maximum allowable gross vehicle weight. The gross vehicle weight is the total weight of the vehicle. When towing a trailer, it is the sum of the vehicle weight (including the occupants, cargo and any optional equipment installed on the vehicle) and the tongue weight.
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2-5. Driving information
■ GAWR (Gross Axle Weight Rating)
Front GAWR
Rear GAWR
The maximum allowable gross axle weight. The gross axle weight is the load placed on each axle (front and rear).
■ TWR (Trailer Weight Rating)
(With brakes)
The maximum allowable gross trailer weight. The gross trailer weight is the sum of the trailer weight and the weight of the cargo in the trailer. TWR is calculated assuming base vehicle with one driver, one front passenger, towing package (if available), hitch and hitch sys- tems (if required).
Additional optional equipment, passengers and cargo in the vehi- cle will reduce the trailer weight rating so as not to exceed GCWR, GVWR and GAWR. If the gross trailer weight exceeds 3000 lb. (1360 kg), it is recom- mended to use a trailer with 2 or more axles.
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2-5. Driving information
■ Unbraked TWR (Unbraked Trailer Weight Rating) (Without brakes)
The trailer weight rating for tow- ing a trailer without a trailer ser- vice brake system.
■ Tongue Weight
The load placed on the trailer hitch ball. (P. 276)
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2-5. Driving information
Weight limits
● The gross trailer weight must never exceed the TWR described in
the table. (P. 275)
● The gross combination weight must never exceed the GCWR
described in the table. (P. 275)
● The gross vehicle weight must never exceed the GVWR indi- cated on the Certification Label.
● The gross axle weight on each axle must never exceed the GAWR indicated on the Certi- fication Label.
● If the gross trailer weight is over the unbraked TWR, trailer service
brakes are required.
● If the gross trailer weight is over 2000 lb. (907 kg), a sway control
device with sufficient capacity is required.
● If the gross trailer weight is over 5000 lb. (2268 kg), a weight dis-
tributing hitch with sufficient capacity is required.
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2-5. Driving information
GCWR, TWR and Unbraked TWR
Confirm that the gross trailer weight, gross combination weight, gross vehicle weight, gross axle weight and tongue weight are all within the limits.
■ GCWR* and TWR* Model code*1
USK60L-GKTSKAEngine
USK60L-GKTLKA
USK60L-GKTZKA
USK65L-GKTSKA
USK65L-GKTLKA
USK65L-GKTZKA
USK65L-GKTSGA
USK65L-GKTLGA
5.7L V8 (3UR-FE) engine
5.7L V8
(3UR-FBE)
engine
Driving system
2WD
4WD
GCWR
TWR
13600 lb. (6169 kg)
13400 lb. (6078 kg) 13600 lb. (6169 kg)
13500 lb. (6124 kg)
13600 lb. (6169 kg)
7400 lb. (3357 kg) 7300 lb. (3311 kg) 7200 lb. (3266 kg) 7100 lb. (3245 kg) 7100 lb. (3230 kg) 7000 lb. (3200 kg)
7100 lb. (3221 kg)
