of the intake valves. Some of this oil is sucked into the combustion chamber together with is burned along with the fuel. High tem- perature exhaust gases also burn the oil used to lubricate the exhaust valve stems.
intake air and
the high
the
The amount of engine oil consumed de-
pends on the viscosity of the oil, the
quality of the oil and the conditions the
vehicle is driven under.
More oil is consumed by high−speed driv-
ing and frequent acceleration and decel-
eration.
A new engine consumes more oil, since
its pistons, piston rings and cylinder walls
have not become conditioned.
Oil consumption: Max. 1.0 L per 1000
km (1.1 qts./600 miles, 0.9 lmp.qts./600
miles)
When judging the amount of oil con-
sumption, note that the oil may become
diluted and make it difficult to judge
the true level accurately.
As an example, if a vehicle is used for
repeated short trips, and consumes a nor-
mal amount of oil, the dipstick may not
show any drop in the oil level at all, even
after 1000 km (600 miles) or more. This
is because the oil is gradually becoming
diluted with fuel or moisture, making it
appear that the oil level has not changed.
The diluting
ingredients evaporate out
when the vehicle is then driven at high
speeds, as on an expressway, making it
appear that oil is excessively consumed
after driving at high speeds.
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IMPORTANCE OF ENGINE OIL LEVEL CHECK One of the most important points in prop- er vehicle maintenance is to keep the en- gine oil at the optimum level so that oil function will not be impaired. Therefore, it is essential that the oil level be checked regularly. Toyota recommends that the oil level be checked every time you refuel the vehicle.
NOTICE
Failure to check the oil level regularly could lead to serious engine trouble due to insufficient oil.
For detailed information on oil level check, see “Checking level” on page 208 in Section 7−2.
the engine oil
Iridium−tipped spark plugs
SB21011
Your engine is fitted with iridium−tipped spark plugs.
NOTICE
Use only iridium−tipped spark plugs and do not adjust gaps for your en- gine performance and smooth drive- ability.
Brake system The tandem master cylinder brake system is a hydraulic system with two separate sub−systems. If either sub−system should fail, the other will still work. However, the pedal will be harder to press, and your stopping distance will increase. Also, the brake system warning light may come on.
CAUTION
Do not drive your vehicle with only a single brake system. Have your brakes fixed immediately.
BRAKE BOOSTER The brake booster uses engine vacuum to power−assist the engine should quit while you are driving, you can bring the vehicle to a stop with normal pedal pressure. There is enough reserved vacuum for one or two stops but no more!
the brakes.
If
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CAUTION
D Do not pump the brake pedal if the engine stalls. Each push on the pedal uses up your reserved vacu- um.
lost,
D Even if the power assist
is com- pletely the brakes will still work. But you will have to push the pedal hard, much harder than nor- mal. And your braking distance will increase.
ANTI−LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM The anti−lock brake system is designed to automatically help prevent lock−up of the wheels during a sudden braking or braking on slippery road surfaces. This assists in providing directional stability and steering performance of the vehicle under these circumstances.
the
brake
anti−lock
Effective way to press the ABS brake pedal: system When function is in action, you may feel the brake pedal pulsating and hear a noise. In the anti−lock brake system work for you, just hold the brake pedal down more firmly. Do not pump the brake in a panic stop. This will result braking performance.
this situation,
reduced
let
to
in
The anti−lock brake system becomes op-
erative after the vehicle has accelerated
to a speed in excess of approximately 10
km/h (6 mph). It stops operating when the
vehicle decelerates
to a speed below
approximately 5 km/h (3 mph).
Depressing
the brake pedal on slippery
road surfaces such as on a manhole cov-
er, a steel plate at a construction site,
joints in a bridge, etc. on a rainy day
tends to activate the anti−lock brake sys-
tem.
You may hear a click or motor sound in
the front trunk room for a few seconds
when the engine is started or just after
the vehicle begins to move. This means
that the anti−lock brake system is in the
self check mode, and does not indicate a
malfunction.
When the anti−lock brake system is ac- tivated, the following conditions may occur. They do not indicate a malfunc- tion of the system: D You may hear the anti−lock brake sys- tem operating and feel the brake pedal pulsating and the vibrations of the ve- hicle body and steering wheel. You may also hear the motor sound in the front trunk room even after the vehicle is stopped.
D At the end of the anti−lock brake sys- the brake pedal may
tem activation, move a little forward.
CAUTION
Do not overestimate the anti−lock brake system: Although the anti−lock brake system assists in providing ve- hicle control, it is still important to drive with all due care and maintain a moderate speed and safe distance from the vehicle in front of you, be- cause there are limits to the vehicle stability and effectiveness of steering wheel operation even with the anti− lock brake system on.
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If tire grip performance exceeds its capability, or if hydroplaning occurs during high speed driving in the rain, the anti−lock brake system does not provide vehicle control. Anti−lock brake system is not de- signed to shorten the stopping dis- tance: Always drive at a moderate speed and maintain a safe distance from front of you. Compared with vehicles without an anti−lock brake system, your vehicle may require a longer stopping dis- tance in the following cases: D Driving on rough, gravel or snow−
the vehicle
in
covered roads.
D Driving with tire chains installed. D Driving over the steps such as the
joints on the road.
D Driving on roads where the road surface is pitted or has other differ- ences in surface height.
Install all 4 tires of specified size at appropriate pressure: The anti−lock brake system detects vehicle speeds using the speed sensors for respec- tive wheels’ turning speeds. The use of tires other than specified may fail to detect the accurate turning speed resulting longer stopping dis- tance.
in a
SD02002a
“ABS” warning light The light comes on when the ignition key is turned to the “ON” position. If the anti− lock brake system works properly, the light turns off after a few seconds. There- after, if the system malfunctions, the light comes on again. When the “ABS” warning light is on (and the brake system warning light is off), the anti−lock brake system does not operate, but the brake system still operates con- ventionally.
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CAUTION
If the “ABS” warning light remains on together with the brake system warn- ing light, immediately stop your ve- hicle at a safe place and contact your Toyota dealer. In this case, not only the anti−lock brake system will fail but also the vehicle will become extremely unsta- ble during braking.
When the “ABS” warning light is on (and the brake system warning light is off), the anti−lock brake system does not operate so that the wheels could lock up during a sudden braking or braking on slippery road surfaces. If either of the following conditions oc- cur, this indicates a malfunction some- where in the components monitored by the warning light system. Contact your Toyota dealer as soon as possible to service the vehicle. D The light does not come on when the ignition key is turned to the “ON” posi- tion, or remains on.
D The light comes on while you are driv-
ing.
A warning light turning on briefly during operation does not indicate a problem.
Brake pad wear limit indicators
SB21015
The brake pad wear limit indicators on your disc brakes give a warning noise when the brake pads are worn to where replacement is required. If you hear a squealing or scraping noise while driving, have the brake pads checked and replaced by your Toyota dealer as soon as possible. Expensive ro- tor damage can result if the pads are not replaced when necessary.
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Limited−slip differential (on some models) Some Toyotas are equipped with a limit- ed−slip differential. rear wheels begins to spin, the limited−slip dif- ferential traction by automatically transmitting driving force to the other rear wheel. If you are not sure whether your vehicle is equipped with one, you can ask your Toyota dealer.
is designed
If one of
to aid
the
CAUTION
Do not start or run the engine while your vehicle is supported by a jack. The vehicle could be driven off the jack and could pose a danger or re- sult in serious injury.
NOTICE
Use only a compact spare tire of the same size, construction and load ca- pacity as the original tires on your Toyota because damage to the limit- ed−slip differential could possibly oc- cur with another tire type.
Your Toyota’s identification— —Vehicle identification number
SB21009
SB21024
The vehicle identification number (VIN) is the legal identifier for your vehicle. This number is on the left top of the instrument panel, and can be seen through the windshield from outside. This is the primary identification number for your Toyota. It is used in registering the ownership of your vehicle.
The vehicle identification number (VIN) is also on the Certification Label.
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—Engine number
SB21010
The engine number is stamped on the engine block as shown.
Suspension and chassis
CAUTION
Do not modify the suspension/chassis with lift kits, spacers, springs, etc. It can cause dangerous handling charac- teristics, resulting in loss of control.
Theft prevention labels
Your new vehicle carries theft preven-
tion labels which are approximately 47
mm (1.85 in.) by 12 mm (0.47 in.).
The purpose of these labels is to reduce
the incidence of vehicle thefts by facilitat-
ing the tracing and recovery of parts from
stolen vehicles. The label is designed so
that once it is applied to a surface, any
attempt to remove it will result in destroy-
ing the integrity of the label. Transferring
these labels intact from one part to anoth-
er, will be impossible.
NOTICE
You should not attempt to remove the theft prevention labels as it may vio- late certain state or federal laws.
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Tire information— —Tire symbols
SB21020c
This illustration indicates typical tire symbols. 1. Tire size—For details, see “Tire
size” on page 143.
2. DOT and Tire
Identification Number (TIN)—For details, see “DOT and Tire Identification Num- ber (TIN)” on page 142.
3. Maximum cold
tire
inflation pressure—This means the pres- sure to which a tire may be in- flated. For recommended cold tire inflation pressure, see “Tires” on page 244.
4. Load limit at maximum cold tire inflation pressure—For details, see “Checking and replacing tires” on page 215.
5. Location of tread wear indica- tors—For details, see “Checking and replacing tires” on page 215. indicator—Some vehicles are equipped with directional tires. For details, see “Rotating tires” on page 218.
6. Turning
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7. Uniform tire quality grading— For details, see “Uniform tire quali- ty grading” that follows.
8. Tire ply composition and mate- rials—Plies mean a layer of rub- ber−coated parallel cords. Cords mean the strands forming the plies in the tire.
—DOT and Tire Identification Number (TIN)
SB21022a
The “DOT” symbol certifies that the tire conforms to applicable Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards.
9. “TUBELESS”
or
“TUBE TYPE”—A tubeless tire does not have a tube inside the tire and air is directly filled in the tire. A tube type tire has a tube inside the tire and the tube maintains the air pressure.
10.Radial tires or bias−ply tires—A radial tire has “RADIAL” on the sidewall. A tire not marked with “RADIAL” is a bias−ply tire.
11. Summer
the sidewall. The
tire or all season tire—An all season tire has “M+S” on tire not marked with “M+S” is a summer tire. For details, see “Types of tires” on page 152.
This illustration indicates typical DOT and Tire Identification Number (TIN). 1. “DOT” symbol 2. Tire Identification Number (TIN) 3. Tire manufacturer’s identification
mark
4. Tire size code 5. Manufacturer’s optional tire type
code
6. Manufacturing week 7. Manufacturing year
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—Tire size
—Name of each section of tire
SB21021a
SU21026a
SU21027
1. Section width 2. Tire height 3. Wheel diameter
This illustration indicates typical tire size. 1. Section width (in millimeters) 2. Aspect ratio (tire height to section
width)
3. Tire construction code (R=Radial,
D=Diagonal)
4. Wheel diameter (in inches) 5. Load index (2 digits or 3 digits) 6. Speed symbol (alphabet with one
letter)
1. Bead 2. Sidewall 3. Shoulder 4. Tread 5. Belt 6. Inner liner 7. Reinforcing rubber 8. Carcass 9. Rim lines 10.Bead wires 11. Chafer
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—Uniform tire quality grading This information has been prepared in accordance with regulations issued by the National Highway Traffic Safe- ty Administration of the U.S. Depart- ment of Transportation. It provides the purchasers and/or prospective purchasers of Toyota vehicles with in- formation on uniform tire quality grad- ing. Your Toyota dealer will help answer any questions you may have as you read this information. DOT quality grades—All passenger vehicle tires must conform to Fed- eral Safety Requirements in addi- tion these grades. Quality grades can be found where appli- cable on the tire sidewall between tread shoulder and maximum sec- tion width. For example: Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A.
to
Treadwear—The tread wear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested un- der controlled conditions on a speci- fied government test course. For ex- ample, a tire graded 150 would wear one and a half (1−1/2) times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual con- ditions of their use, however, and may depart significantly from the norm due to variations in driving habits, service practices and differences in road characteristics and climate. Traction AA, A, B, C—The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are AA, A, B, and C, and they represent the tire’s ability to stop on wet pave- ment as measured under controlled conditions on specified government test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor trac- tion performance.
this
Warning: The traction grade assigned to tire is based on braking (straight ahead) traction tests and does not include cornering (turning) traction. Temperature A, B, C—The tempera- ture grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing the tire’s resist- ance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a spe- cified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to de- generate and reduce tire life, and ex- cessive temperature can lead to sud- den failure. The grade C corresponds to a level of performance which all passenger car tires must meet under the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No.109. Grades B and A represent higher levels of per- formance on the laboratory test wheel than the minimum required by law.
tire
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Warning: The temperature grades for this tire are established for a tire that is properly inflated and not over- loaded. Excessive speed, underinfla- tion, or excessive loading, either sep- arately or in combination, can cause heat buildup and possible tire failure.
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—Glossary of tire terminology
Tire related term
Cold tire inflation pressure
Maximum inflation pressure
Recommended inflation pressure
Accessory weight
Curb weight
Maximum loaded vehicle weight
Meaning
tire inflation pressure when the vehicle has been parked for at least 3 hours or more, or it has not been driven more than 1.5 km or 1 mile under that condition the maximum cold inflation pressure to which a tire may be inflated and it is shown on the sidewall of the tire cold tire inflation pressure recommended by a manufacturer the combined weight (in excess of those standard items which may be replaced) of automatic transmission, power steering, power brakes, power windows, pow- er seats, radio, and heater, to the extent that these items are available as factory−installed equipment (whether installed or not) the weight of a motor vehicle with standard equipment including the maximum capacity of fuel, oil, and coolant, and, if so equipped, air conditioning and addi- tional weight optional engine
the sum of— (a) curb weight; (b) accessory weight; (c) vehicle capacity weight; and (d) production options weight
Normal occupant weight
68 kg (150 lb.) times the number of occupants specified in the second column of Table 1 that follows
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Tire related term
Meaning
Production options weight
Vehicle capacity weight (Total load capacity)
Intended outboard sidewall
Occupant distribution
Rim
Rim diameter (Wheel diameter) Rim size designation Rim type designation Rim width
Vehicle maximum load on the tire
the combined weight of those installed regular production options weighing over 2.3 kg (5 lb.) in excess of those standard items which they replace, not pre- viously considered in curb weight or accessory weight, including heavy duty brakes, ride levelers, roof rack, heavy duty battery, and special trim the rated cargo and luggage load plus 68 kg (150 lb.) times the vehicle’s desig- nated seating capacity (A) the sidewall that contains a whitewall, bears white lettering or bears manufacturer, brand, and/or model name molding that is higher or deeper than the same molding on the other sidewall of the tire, or
(B) the outward facing sidewall of an asymmetrical tire that has a particular
side that must always face outward when mounted on a vehicle
distribution of occupants in a vehicle as specified in the third column of Table 1 that follows a metal support for a tire or a tire and tube assembly upon which the tire beads are seated nominal diameter of the bead seat rim diameter and width the industry of manufacturer’s designation for a rim by style or code nominal distance between rim flanges the load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle its share of the maximum loaded vehicle weight and dividing by two
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Tire related term
Meaning
Vehicle normal load on the tire
Weather side
the load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle its share of the curb weight, accessory weight, and normal occupant weight (distributed in accordance with Table 1 that follows) and dividing by two the surface area of the rim not covered by the inflated tire
Table 1–Occupant loading and distribution for vehicle normal load for various designated seating capacities
Designated seating capacity, number
of occupants
2 through 4
5 through 10
Vehicle normal load, number of occu- pants
Occupant distribution in a normally loaded vehicle 2 in front 2 in front, 1 in second seat
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Vehicle load limits Vehicle load limits include total load capacity, seating capacity, towing ca- pacity and cargo capacity. Follow the load limits shown below. Total load capacity:
193 kg (425 lb.)
Total load capacity means combined weight of occupants, cargo and lug- gage. Tongue load is included when trailer towing. Seating capacity: Total 2 (Front 2)
Seating capacity means the maximum
number of occupants whose esti-
mated average weight is 68 kg (150
lb.) per person. Depending on the
weight of each person, the seating ca-
pacity given may exceed the total
load capacity.
NOTICE
Even if the number of occupants are within the seating capacity, do not exceed the total load ca- pacity.
Towing capacity Toyota does not recommend towing a trailer with your vehicle. Your ve- hicle is not designed for trailer towing. Cargo capacity Cargo capacity may increase or de- crease depending on the size (weight) and the number of occupants. For de- tails, see “Capacity and distribution” that follows.
CAUTION
Do not apply the load more than each load limit. That may cause not only damage to the tires, but also deterioration to the steering ability and braking ability, which may cause an accident.
Cargo and luggage— —Stowage precautions When stowing cargo and luggage in the vehicle, observe the following: D Put cargo and luggage in the front box or luggage space when at all possible. Be sure all items are se- cured in place.
D Be careful to keep the vehicle bal- anced. Locating the weight as far forward as possible helps maintain balance.
D For better fuel economy, do not
carry unneeded weight.
CAUTION
D Never allow anyone to ride in the luggage space. It is not de- signed for the passenger. The passenger should ride in the seat with the seat belt properly fastened. Severe injuries to an unrestrained passenger can occur during sudden braking or a collision.
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D Do not drive with objects left on top of the instrument panel. They may interfere with the driver’s field of view. Or they may move during sharp vehicle acceleration or turning, and im- pair the driver’s control of the vehicle. In an accident they may injure the vehicle occu- pants.
FOR
—Capacity and distribution Cargo capacity depends on the to- tal weight of the occupants. (Cargo capacity) = (Total load capac- ity) – (Total weight of occupants) STEPS CORRECT LOAD LIMIT 1. Locate
“The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX pounds” on your vehicle’s placard. 2. Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that will be riding in your vehicle.
DETERMINING
statement
the
3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver and passengers from XXX kilograms or XXX pounds.
4. The resulting figure equals the
available amount of cargo and lug-
gage load capacity. For example,
if the “XXX” amount equals 1400
lbs. and there will be five 150 lb.
passengers in your vehicle, the
amount of available cargo and lug-
gage load capacity is 650 lbs.
(1400–750 (5x150)=650 lbs).
5. Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4.
6. If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle. Consult this manual to determine how this reduces the available car- go and luggage load capacity of your vehicle.
Toyota does not recommend towing a trailer with your vehicle. Your ve- hicle is not designed for trailer towing.
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SB21023
Cargo capacity
Total load capacity
EXAMPLE ON YOUR VEHICLE
In case that 1 people with the com-
bined weight of 80 kg (176 lb.) are
riding in your vehicle with the total
load capacity of 193 kg (425 lb.), the
available amount of cargo and lug-
gage load capacity will be as follows:
193 kg – 80 kg = 113 kg.
(425 lb. – 176 lb. = 249 lb.)
From this condition, if 1 more passen-
ger with the combined weight of 70
kg (154 lb.) get on, the available car-
go and luggage load will be reduced
as follows:
113 kg – 70 kg = 43 kg. (249 lb. – 154 lb. = 95 lb.) As shown in the above example, if the number of occupants increases, the cargo and luggage load equaling the combined weight of occupants who got on later must be reduced. In other words, if the increase in the number of occupants causes the excess of the total load capacity (combined weight of occupants plus cargo and luggage load), you have to reduce the cargo and luggage on your vehicle. For details about total load capacity, see “Vehicle load limits” on page 149.
CAUTION
Even if the total load of occu- pant’s weight and the cargo load is less than the total load capac- ity, do not apply the load uneven- ly. That may cause not only dam- age to the tire but also deteriora- tion to the steering ability due to unbalance of the vehicle, causing an accident.
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Types of tires Determine what kind of tires your vehicle is originally equipped with. 1. Summer tires Summer tires are high−speed capabil- ity tires best suited to highway driving under dry conditions. Since summer tires do not have the same traction performance as snow tires, summer tires are inadequate for driving on snow−covered or icy roads. For driving on snow−covered or icy roads, we recommend using snow tires. If installing snow tires, be sure to replace all four tires. 2. All season tires All season tires are designed to pro- vide better traction in snow and to be adequate for driving in most winter conditions, as well as for use all year round.
CAUTION
D Do not mix summer and all sea- son tires on your vehicle as this can cause dangerous han- dling characteristics, resulting in loss of control.
D Do not use tires other than the manufacture’s designated tires, and never mix tires or wheels of the sizes different from the originals as this can cause dangerous handling characteristics, resulting in loss of control.
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SECTION 3
STARTING AND DRIVING Starting and driving Before starting the engine How to start the engine Tips for driving in various conditions Winter driving tips Dinghy towing Trailer towing How to save fuel and make your vehicle last longer, too
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
154
154
155
156
157
158
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Before starting the engine 1. Check the area around the vehicle be-
fore entering it.
from
transmission only: Sequential manual When the driver’s door is opened, a motor sound may be heard the engine compartment, but it is not a malfunction. The motor will stop after a certain period of time. 2. Adjust seat position, seatback angle, seat cushion angle and steering wheel angle.
3. Adjust the inside and outside rear view
mirrors.
4. Lock both the doors. 5. Fasten seat belts.
How to start the engine— (a) Before cranking 1. Apply the parking brake firmly. 2. Turn off unnecessary lights and acces-
sories.
ignition switch
from operating if
3. Sequential manual transmission: Turn the to “ON” position. Hold down the brake pedal firmly, and place the selector lever to the “N” posi- tion. Make sure that the “N” indicator in the instrument cluster comes on. A starter safety device will prevent the starter the selector lever is in a position except “N” or the brake pedal is not depressed. Manual transmission: Press the clutch pedal to the floor and shift the trans- mission the clutch pedal to the floor until the engine is started. A starter safety device will pre- vent the starter from operating if the clutch pedal is not fully depressed.
into neutral. Hold
in
the
instructions
the engine, be sure
to “(a) Before
(b) Starting the engine Before starting follow cranking”. Normal starting procedure The multiport fuel injection system/sequen- tial multiport fuel injection system in your engine automatically controls the proper air−fuel mixture for starting. You can start a cold or hot engine as follows:
Sequential manual transmission: With your foot off the accelerator pedal, turn the ignition key to the ”START” position and crank the engine while depressing the brake pedal. Release the key when the engine starts. The engine cannot be cranked if the selector lever is in a position except ”N” or is not de- pressed. Manual transmission: With your foot off the accelerator pedal, crank the en- gine by turning the key to the “START” position. Release the key when the en- gine starts.
the brake pedal
Engine should be warmed up by driving, not in idle. For warming up drive with smoothly turning engine until engine cool- ant temperature is within normal range.
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If the engine stalls... Simply restart it, using the correct proce- dure given in normal starting. If the engine will not start... See “If your vehicle will not start—” on page 162 in Section 4.
NOTICE
z Do not crank for more than 30 sec- onds at a time. This may overheat the starter and wiring systems.
z Do not race a cold engine. z If the engine becomes difficult to start or stalls frequently, have the engine checked immediately.
Tips for driving in various conditions D Always slow down in gusty crosswinds. This will allow you much better control. D Drive slowly onto curbs and, if pos- sible, at a right angle. Avoid driving onto high, sharp−edged objects and other road hazards. Failure to do so can lead to severe tire damage such as a tire burst. Drive slowly when passing over bumps or travelling on a bumpy road. Other- wise, the impact could cause severe damage to the tires and/or wheels.
they
D When parking on a hill, turn the front wheels until touch the curb so that the vehicle will not roll. Apply the parking brake, and place the transmis- sion in “S(1)” or “R” (sequential manual transmission) or reverse (manual If necessary, block the wheels.
transmission).
first or
in
D Washing your vehicle or driving through deep water may get the brakes wet. To see whether they are wet, check that there is no traffic near you, and then press the pedal lightly. If you do not feel a normal braking force, the brakes are probably wet. To dry them, drive the vehicle cautiously while lightly pressing the brake pedal with the park- ing brake applied. If they still do not work safely, pull to the side of the road and call a Toyota dealer for assistance.
CAUTION
D Before driving off, make sure that the parking brake is fully released and reminder light is off.
the parking brake
D Do not
leave your vehicle unat- tended while the engine is running. D Do not rest your foot on the brake pedal while driving. It can cause dangerous overheating, needless wear, and poor fuel economy.
D To drive down a long or steep hill, reduce your speed and downshift. Remember, if you ride the brakes excessively, they may overheat and not work properly.
D Be careful when accelerating, up- shifting, downshifting or braking on a slippery surface. Sudden accelera- tion or engine braking could cause the vehicle to skid or spin.
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tire dealer
D Do not drive in excess of the speed
limit. Even if the legal speed limit
permits it, do not drive over 140
km/h (85 mph) unless your vehicle
has high−speed capability
tires.
Driving over 140 km/h (85 mph) may
result in tire failure, loss of control
and possible injury. Be sure to con-
sult a
to determine
whether the tires on your vehicle
are high−speed capability tires or
not before driving at such speeds.
D Do not continue normal driving
when the brakes are wet. If they are
wet, your vehicle will require a lon-
ger stopping distance, and it may
pull to one side when the brakes
are applied. Also, the parking brake
will not hold the vehicle securely.
Winter driving tips Make sure your coolant is properly pro- tected against freezing. Only use “Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” or similar high quality ethylene glycol based non−silicate, non−amine, non−nitrite, and non−borate coolant with long−life hy- brid organic acid technology. (Coolant with long−life hybrid organic acid technology is a combination of low phosphates and or- ganic acids.) See “Checking the engine coolant level” in Section 7−2 type selection. “Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” is a mix- ture of 50% coolant and 50% deionized water. This coolant provides protection down to about −35_C (−31_F).
for details of coolant
NOTICE
Do not use plain water alone.
Check the condition of the battery and cables.
Cold temperatures reduce the capacity of any battery, so it must be in top shape to provide enough power for winter start- ing. Section 7−3 tells you how to visually inspect the battery. Your Toyota dealer and most service stations will be pleased to check the level of charge. Make sure the engine oil viscosity is suitable for the cold weather. See page 208 in Section 7−2 for recom- mended viscosity. Leaving a heavy sum- mer oil in your vehicle during winter months may cause harder starting. If you are not sure about which oil to use, call your Toyota dealer—they will be pleased to help. Keep the door locks from freezing. Squirt lock de−icer or glycerine into the locks to keep them from freezing. Use a washer fluid containing an anti- freeze solution. This product is available at your Toyota dealer and most auto parts stores. Follow the manufacturer’s directions for how much to mix with water.
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NOTICE
Do not use engine antifreeze or any other substitute because it may dam- age your vehicle’s paint.
into
reverse
first or
in and around
Do not use your parking brake when there is a possibility it could freeze. When parking, put the transmission into “S(1)” or “R” (sequential manual transmis- sion) or (manual transmission) and block the front wheels. Do not use the parking brake, or snow or water accumulated the parking brake mechanism may freeze, making it hard to release. Keep ice and snow from accumulating under the fenders. Ice and snow built up under your fenders can make steering difficult. During bad winter driving, stop and check under the fenders occasionally. Depending on where you are driving, we recommend you carry some emer- gency equipment. Some of the things you might put in the vehicle are tire chains, window scraper, bag of sand or salt, flares, small shovel, jumper cables, etc.
Dinghy towing
SB31003a
Your vehicle can be dinghy towed (with four wheels on the ground) from the front behind a motorhome.
CAUTION
Dinghy towing requires special equip- ment and accessories. Please refer to your service outlet of the motorhome manufacture recommended equipment.
the
for
NOTICE
Dinghy towing does not eliminate the possibility of damage to your vehicle.
DINGHY TOWING TIPS Before dinghy towing, be sure to ob- serve the following in order to reduce the damage to your vehicle. 1. Shift the gear into neutral. 2. Turn the ignition switch to the “ACC” position. Make sure the audio is turned off.
NOTICE
To avoid the locking of the steering wheel, turn the ignition switch to the “ACC” position.
3. Release the parking brake. After dinghy towing, let the engine idle for more than 3 minutes before driving the vehicle.
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Trailer towing
SB31004a
SB31002
How to save fuel and make your vehicle last longer, too Improving fuel economy is easy—just take it easy. It will help make your vehicle last longer, too. Here are some specific tips on how to save money on both fuel and repairs: D Keep your tires inflated at the cor- rect pressure. Underinflation causes tire wear and wastes fuel. See page 213 in Section 7−2 for instructions. D Do not carry unneeded weight
in your vehicle. Excess weight puts a heavier the engine, causing greater fuel consumption.
load on
NOTICE
Do not tow your vehicle from the rear. This may cause serious damage to your vehicle.
Toyota does not recommend towing a trail- er with your MR2. It is not designed for trailer towing.
D Avoid lengthy warm−up idling. Once the engine is running smoothly, begin driving—but gently. Remember, howev- er, that on cold winter days this may take a little longer.
D Accelerate
slowly
smoothly. Avoid jackrabbit starts. Get into high gear as quickly as possible.
and
D Avoid long engine idling. If you have a long wait and you are not in traffic, it is better to turn off the engine and start again later.
D Avoid engine
lugging or over−rev- ving. Use a gear position suitable for the road on which you are travelling.
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D Avoid continuous speeding up and slowing down. Stop−and−go driving wastes fuel.
D Avoid unnecessary stopping and braking. Maintain a steady pace. Try to time the traffic signals so you only need to stop as little as possible or take advantage of through streets to avoid traffic lights. Keep a proper dis- tance from other vehicles to avoid sud- den braking. This will also reduce wear on your brakes.
D Avoid heavy traffic or traffic
whenever possible.
jams
D Do not rest your foot on the clutch or brake pedal. This causes premature wear, overheating and poor fuel econo- my.
D Maintain a moderate speed on high- ways. The faster you drive, the greater the fuel consumption. By reducing your speed, you will cut down on fuel con- sumption.
D Keep
the
front wheels
in proper alignment. Avoid hitting the curb and slow down on rough roads. Improper alignment not only causes faster tire wear but also puts an extra load on the engine, which, in turn, wastes fuel.
D Keep the bottom of your vehicle free from mud, etc. This not only lessens weight but also helps prevent corro- sion.
D Keep your vehicle tuned−up and in top shape. A dirty air cleaner, improp- er valve clearance, dirty plugs, dirty oil and grease, brakes not adjusted, etc. all lower engine performance and con- tribute to poor fuel economy. For longer life of all parts and lower operating costs, keep all maintenance work on schedule, and if you often drive under severe conditions, see that your vehicle frequent maintenance. receives more (For scheduled maintenance informa- the “Scheduled tion, please refer to Maintenance Guide” “Owner’s Manual Supplement”.)
or
CAUTION
Never turn off the engine to coast down hills. Your power steering and brake booster will not function with- out the emission control system operates properly only when the engine is run- ning.
the engine running. Also,
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SECTION 4
IN CASE OF AN EMERGENCY
In case of an emergency
162
If your vehicle will not start
166
If your engine stalls while driving
166
If you cannot increase engine speed
166
If your vehicle overheats
167
If you have a flat tire
176
If your vehicle becomes stuck
If your vehicle needs to be towed
177
If you cannot shift the sequential manual transmission selector lever .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
181
If you lose your keys
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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to start
followed in
the other keys will start
If your vehicle will not start— (a) Simple checks Before making these checks, make sure the correct starting you have procedure given “How the engine” on page 154 in Section 3 and that fuel. Also check you have sufficient whether the engine. If they work, your key may be broken. Have the key checked at your Toyota dealer. If none of your keys work, there may be a malfunction in the immobi- lizer system. Call your Toyota dealer. (See “Keys” on page 8 in Section 1−2.) If the engine is not turning over or is turning over too slowly— 1. Check the battery
terminals are
that
tight and clean.
2. If the battery terminals are O.K., switch
on the interior light.
3. If the light
is out, dim or goes out when the starter is cranked, the battery is discharged. You may try jump start- ing. See “(c) Jump starting” on page 163 for further instructions.
If the light is O.K., but the engine still will not start, it needs adjustment or repair. Call a Toyota dealer or qualified repair shop.
NOTICE
z Sequential manual
transmission only: Your vehicle cannot be pull− or push−started.
z Do not pull− or push−start the ve- hicle. It may damage the vehicle or cause a collision when the engine starts. Also the three−way catalytic converter may overheat and become a fire hazard.
If the engine turns over at its normal speed but will not start— 1. The engine may be flooded because of repeated cranking. See “(b) Starting a flooded engine” on page 162 for further instructions.
2. If the engine still will not start, it needs repair. Call a Toyota
adjustment or dealer or qualified repair shop.
(b) Starting a flooded engine If the engine will not start, your engine may be flooded because of repeated cranking. Sequential manual transmission: If this happens, turn the key to “START” with the accelerator pedal and brake pedal fully depressed. Keep the key, accelerator ped- al and brake pedal in these positions for 15 seconds and release them. Then re- lease the accelerator pedal, and try crank- ing the engine with the brake pedal de- pressed. Manual this happens, turn the key to “START” with the accelera- tor pedal fully depressed. Keep the key and accelerator pedal in these positions for 15 seconds and release them. Then try starting the engine with your foot off the accelerator pedal. If the engine does not start after 15 sec- onds of cranking, release the key, wait a few minutes and try again. If the engine still will not start, it needs adjustment or repair. Call a Toyota dealer or qualified repair shop for assistance.
transmission:
If
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NOTICE
Do not crank for more than 30 sec- onds at a time. This may overheat the starter and wiring systems.
(c) Jump starting To avoid serious personal injury and damage to your vehicle which might re- sult from battery explosion, acid burns, electrical burns, or damaged electronic components, these instructions must be followed precisely. If you are unsure about how to follow this procedure, we strongly that you seek the help of a competent me- chanic or towing service.
recommend
CAUTION
D Batteries
contain
sulfuric
acid which is poisonous and corrosive. Wear protective safety glasses when jump starting, and avoid spilling acid on your skin, clothing, or ve- hicle.
D The gas normally produced by a battery will explode if a flame or spark is brought near. Use only standardized jumper cables and do not smoke or light a match while jump starting.
NOTICE
The battery used for boosting must be 12 V. Do not jump start unless you are sure that the booster battery is correct.
D If you should accidentally get acid on yourself or in your eyes, remove any contaminated clothing and flush the affected area with water imme- diately. Then get immediate medical attention. If possible, continue to apply water with a sponge or cloth while en route to the medical office.
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JUMP STARTING PROCEDURE 1. If
the booster battery
is
installed in another vehicle, make sure the vehicles are not touching. Turn off all unneces- sary lights and accessories. When boosting, use the battery of matching or higher quality. Any other battery may be difficult to jump start with. If jump starting is difficult, charge the battery for several minutes.
2. If required, remove all the vent plugs from the booster and discharged batter- ies. Lay a cloth over the open vents on the batteries. (This helps reduce the explosion hazard, personal injuries and burns.)
3. If the engine in the vehicle with the booster battery is not running, start it and let it run for a few minutes. During jump starting, run the engine at about 2000 rpm with the accelerator pedal lightly depressed.
Discharged battery
SB41055
Booster battery
Jumper cable
SB41056
Positive terminal (“+” mark)
Jumper cable
Positive terminal (“+” mark)
4. Make the cable connections in the or-
der a, b, c, d. a. Connect the clamp of the positive (red) jumper cable to the positive (+) terminal on the discharged battery. b. Connect the clamp at the other end of the positive (red) jumper cable to the positive (+) terminal on the booster battery.
Discharged battery
Booster battery
Negative terminal (“−” mark)
c. Connect the clamp of the negative (black) jumper cable to the negative (−) terminal on the booster battery. d. Connect the clamp at the other end of the negative (black) jumper cable to a solid, stationary, unpainted, metallic point of the vehicle with the discharged battery. The recommended connecting point is shown in the following illustration:
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SB41040
Connecting point
Do not connect the cable to or near any part that moves when the engine is cranked.
CAUTION
the connections,
to When making avoid serious injury, do not lean over the battery or accidentally the jumper cables or clamps touch any- thing except the correct battery termi- nals or the ground.
let
ignition switch
5. Sequential manual transmission: Turn the to “ON” position. Hold down the brake pedal firmly, and place the selector lever to “N” position. Make sure that the “N” indicator in the instrument cluster comes on. Then start your engine in a normal way. Manual transmission: Start your en- gine in the normal way. After starting, run it at about 2000 rpm for several minutes with the accelerator pedal lightly depressed.
6. Carefully disconnect the cables in the exact reverse order: the negative cable and then the positive cable.
7. Carefully dispose of the battery cover cloths—they may now contain sulfuric acid.
8. If removed, replace all the battery vent
plugs.
If the cause of your battery discharging is not apparent (for example, lights left on), you should have it checked at your Toyota dealer. If the first start attempt is not success- ful...
the
that
the clamp on
Check jumper cables are tight. Recharge the discharged battery with the jumper cables connected for several minutes and restart your en- gine in the normal way. If another attempt is not successful, the battery may be depleted. Have it checked at your Toyota dealer.
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If your engine stalls while driving If your engine stalls while driving... 1. Reduce your speed gradually, keeping a straight line. Move cautiously off the road to a safe place.
2. Turn on your emergency flashers. 3. Sequential manual transmission: Turn the ignition key to “ACC” or “LOCK” position. Approximately 5 seconds after, try starting the engine again. Manual transmission: Turn the ignition key to “ACC” or “LOCK”, and try start- ing the engine again.
If the engine will not start, see “If your vehicle will not start—” on page 162 in this Section.
If you cannot increase engine speed If engine speed does not increase when the accelerator pedal is depressed, there may be a problem somewhere in the elec- tronic throttle control system. At this time, vibration may occur. Howev- er, if you depress the accelerator pedal more firmly and slowly, you can drive your vehicle at low speeds. Have your vehicle checked by your Toyota dealer as soon as possible. Even if the abnormality of the electronic throttle control system is corrected during low speed driving, the system may not be recovered until the engine is stopped and the ignition key to ”ACC” or ”LOCK” position.
turned
is
CAUTION
CAUTION
If the engine is not running, the pow- er assist for the brakes and steering will not work so steering and braking will be much harder than usual.
Be especially careful to prevent erro- neous pedal operation.
If your vehicle overheats If your engine coolant temperature gauge indicates overheating, if you ex- perience a loss of power, or if you hear a loud knocking or pinging noise, the engine has probably overheated. You should follow this procedure... 1. Pull safely off the road, stop the ve- turn on your emergency hicle and flashers. Put the transmission in “N” (sequential manual transmission) or in neutral (manual transmission) and ap- ply the parking brake. Turn off the air conditioning if it is being used.
2. If coolant or steam is boiling out of the radiator or reservoir, stop the engine. Wait until the steam subsides before opening the hood. If there is no coolant boiling over or steam, leave the engine running and make sure the electric cooling fan is operating. If it is not, turn the ignition off.
CAUTION
injury, keep To help avoid personal the hood closed until there is no steam. Escaping steam or coolant is a sign of very high pressure.
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3. Look for obvious coolant leaks from the radiator, hoses, and under the vehicle. However, note that water draining from the air conditioning is normal if it has been used.
CAUTION
the engine
When is running, keep hands and clothing away from the moving fan and engine drive belts.
4. If the coolant is leaking, stop the en- gine immediately. Call a Toyota dealer for assistance.
5. If there are no obvious leaks, check the coolant reservoir. If it is dry, add coolant to the reservoir while the en- gine is running. Fill it about half full.
CAUTION
Do not attempt to remove the coolant reservoir cap or air release valve when the engine and radiator are hot. Serious from scalding hot fluid and steam blown out under pressure.
injury could
result
6. After
the engine coolant
temperature has cooled to normal, again check the coolant level in the reservoir. If neces- sary, bring it up to half full again. Seri- ous coolant loss indicates a leak in the system. You should have it checked as soon as possible at your Toyota dealer.
If you have a flat tire— 1. Reduce your speed gradually, keeping a straight line. Move cau- tiously off the road to a safe place well away from the traffic. Avoid stopping on the center divider of a highway. Park on a level spot with firm ground.
2. Stop the engine and turn on your
emergency flashers.
3. Firmly engage the parking brake and put the transmission lever in “R” (sequential manual transmis- sion) or in reverse (manual trans- mission).
4. Have everyone get out of the ve- hicle on the side away from traffic. 5. Read the following instructions
thoroughly.
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04 09.01
NOTICE
Do not continue driving with a deflated tire. Driving even a short distance can damage a tire and wheel beyond repair.
CAUTION
When jacking, be sure to observe the following to reduce the possi- bility of personal injury: D Follow jacking instructions. D Do not put any part of your body under the vehicle sup- ported by the jack. Personal in- jury may occur.
D Do not start or run the engine while your vehicle is supported by the jack.
D Stop the vehicle on a level firm ground, firmly set the parking brake and put the transmission (sequential manual in “R” transmission) or in reverse (manual transmission). Block the wheel diagonally opposite to the one being changed if necessary.
D Make sure to set the jack prop- erly in the jack point. Raising the vehicle with jack improper- ly positioned will damage the vehicle or may allow the ve- hicle to fall off the jack and cause personal injury.
D Never get under the vehicle when the vehicle is supported by the jack alone.
D Use the jack only for lifting your vehicle during wheel changing.
D Do not raise the vehicle with
someone in the vehicle.
D When raising the vehicle, do not put an object on or under the jack.
D Raise the vehicle only high enough to remove and change the tire.
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—Spare tire with turning direction indicators
—Required tools and spare tire
CAUTION
D The spare tire was designed especially for your Toyota. Do not use it on any other vehicle. D Do not use more than one
spare tire at the same time.
D Do not exceed 80 km/h (50
mph) when driving with the
spare tire.
D The standard tire should be re- paired and reinstalled as soon as possible.
D Avoid sudden acceleration, sudden deceleration and sharp turns with the spare tire.
SB41053a
Spare tire
SB41054b
SB41069a
The spare tire with turning direc- tion indicators is of a uni−direc- tional type and is intended for use on the passenger side of the ve- hicle. This spare tire has the same size and the same turning direction as the standard tire of the front passenger side. However, the spare tire must only be used temporary because the wheel differs from the standard tire.
Tool bag
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1. Get the tool bag and spare tire. You will find a jack in the tool bag. To prepare yourself for an emergency, you should familiarize yourself with the use of the jack, each of the tools and their storage locations.
SB41047
SB41061a
To remove the spare tire: 1. Open the front box cover in the
trunk.
2. Remove the spare wheel cover.
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—Blocking the wheel
—Loosening wheel nuts
SB41063b