2009 Subaru Impreza Owners Manual

side California is permitted to have higher sulfur levels, which may affect the perfor- mance of your vehicle’s catalytic converter and may produce a sulfur exhaust odor or smell. SUBARU recommends that you try a different brand of unleaded gasoline having lower sulfur to determine if the problem is fuel related before returning your vehicle to an authorized dealer for service.

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7-4 Starting and operating

it

If

for service.

! MMT Some gasoline contains an octane-en- hancing additive called MMT (Methylcy- clopentadienyl Manganese Tricarbonyl). If you use such fuels, your emission control system performance may deteriorate and the CHECK ENGINE warning light/Mal- function indicator lamp may turn on. If this happens, return to your authorized SUBARU Dealer is determined that the condition is caused by the type of fuel used, repairs may not be covered by your warranty. ! Gasoline for cleaner air Your use of gasoline with detergent additives will help prevent deposits from forming in your engine and fuel system. This helps keep your engine in tune and your emission control system working properly, and is a way of doing your part for cleaner air. If you continuously use a high quality fuel with the proper detergent and other additives, you should never need to add any fuel system cleaning agents to your fuel tank.

Many gasolines are now blended with materials called oxygenates. Use of these fuels can also help keep the air cleaner. Oxygenated blend fuels, such as MTBE (Methyl Tertiary Butyl ether) or ethanol (ethyl or grain alcohol) may be used in

. If undesirable driveability problems are experienced and you suspect they may be fuel related, try a different brand of gaso- line before seeking service at your SUBARU dealer. . Fuel system damage or driveability problems which result from the use of improper fuel are not covered under the SUBARU Limited Warranty.

CAUTION

Do not let fuel spill on the exterior surfaces of the vehicle. Because fuel may damage the paint, be sure to wipe off any spilled fuel quickly. Paint damage caused by spilled fuel is not covered under the SUBARU Limited Warranty.

your vehicle, but should contain no more than 15% MTBE or 10% ethanol for the proper operation of your SUBARU.

In addition, some gasoline suppliers are now producing reformulated gasolines, which are designed to reduce vehicle emissions. SUBARU approves the use of reformulated gasoline.

If you are not sure what the fuel contains, you should ask your service station operators if their gasolines contain deter- gents and oxygenates and if they have been reformulated to reduce vehicle emis- sions.

As additional guidance, only use fuels suited for your vehicle as explained in the following description. . Fuel should be unleaded and have an octane rating no lower than that specified in this manual. . Methanol (methyl or wood alcohol) is sometimes mixed with unleaded gasoline. Methanol can be used in your vehicle ONLY if it does not exceed 5% of the fuel mixture AND if is accompanied by sufficient quantities of the proper cosol- vents and corrosion inhibitors required to prevent damage to the fuel system. Do not use fuel containing methanol EXCEPT under these conditions.

it

& Fuel filler lid and cap ! Refueling Only one person should be involved in refueling. Do not allow others to approach the area of the vehicle near the fuel filler pipe while refueling is in progress. Be sure to observe any other precautions that are posted at the service station.

Starting and operating 7-5

1. To open the fuel filler lid, pull the lid release lever up. The lever is on the floor at the left of the driver’s seat.

WARNING

Before opening the fuel filler cap, first touch the vehicle body or a metal portion of the fuel pump or similar object to discharge any static electricity that may be present on your body. If your body is carry- ing an electrostatic charge, there is a possibility that an electric spark could ignite the fuel, which could burn you. To avoid acquiring a new static electric charge, do not get back into the vehicle while refueling is in progress.

1) Open 2) Close

2. Remove the fuel filler cap by turning it slowly counterclockwise.

WARNING

. Gasoline vapor is highly flam- mable. Before refueling, always first stop the engine and close all vehicle doors and windows. Make sure that there are no lighted cigarettes, open flames or electrical sparks in the adja- cent area. Only handle fuel out- doors. Quickly wipe up any spilled fuel.

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7-6 Starting and operating

. When opening the cap, grasp it firmly and turn it slowly to the left. Do not remove the cap quickly. Fuel may be under pres- sure and spray out of the fuel filler neck, especially in hot weather. If you hear a hissing sound while you are removing the cap, wait for the sound to stop and then slowly open the cap to prevent fuel from spraying out and creating a fire hazard.

4. Hook the cord that is attached to the fuel filler cap onto the hook inside the fuel filler lid (except WRX STI).

WARNING

. When refueling,

insert

the fuel nozzle securely into the fuel filler pipe. If the nozzle is lifted or not fully inserted, its automatic stop- ping mechanism may not func- tion, causing fuel to overflow the tank and creating a fire hazard.

3. Set the fuel filler cap on the cap holder inside the fuel filler lid (WRX STI).

. Stop refueling when the auto- matic stop mechanism on the fuel nozzle activates. If you con- tinue to add fuel, temperature changes or other conditions may cause fuel to overflow from

the tank and create a fire hazard.

5. Stop filling the tank after the fuel filler pump automatically stops. Do not add any more fuel. 6. Put the cap back on, turn it clockwise until you hear a clicking noise. Be certain not to catch the tether under the cap while tightening. 7. Close the fuel filler lid completely. If you spill any fuel on the painted surface, rinse it off the painted surface could be damaged.

immediately. Otherwise,

NOTE . You will see the “ ” sign in the fuel gauge. This indicates that the fuel filler door (lid) is located on the right side of the vehicle. . If the fuel filler cap is not tightened until it clicks or if the tether is caught under the cap, the CHECK ENGINE warning light may illuminate. Refer to “CHECK ENGINE warning light/Mal- function indicator lamp” F3-19.

CAUTION

. Never add any cleaning agents to the fuel tank. The addition of a cleaning agent may cause da-

mage to the fuel system.

. After refueling, turn the cap to the right until it clicks to ensure that it is fully tightened. If the cap is not securely tightened, fuel may leak out while the vehicle is being driven or fuel spillage could occur in the event of an accident, creating a fire hazard.

. Do not let fuel spill on the exterior surfaces of the vehicle. Because fuel may damage the paint, be sure to wipe off any spilled fuel quickly. Paint damage caused by spilled fuel is not covered under the SUBARU Limited Warranty.

filler cap.

. Always use a genuine SUBARU fuel If you use the wrong cap, it may not fit or have proper venting and your fuel tank and emission control system may be damaged. It could also lead to fuel spillage and a fire.

. Immediately put fuel in the tank whenever the low fuel warning light illuminates. Engine misfires as a result of an empty tank could cause damage to the en- gine.

State emission testing (U.S. only)

At state inspection time, remember to tell your inspection or service station in advance not to place your SUBARU AWD vehicle on a two-wheel dynam- ometer. Otherwise, serious transmis- sion damage will result.

Some states have started using dynam- ometers in their state inspection programs their obligation under in order to meet federal law to implement stricter vehicle emission standards to reduce air pollution from vehicles. A dynamometer is a tread- mill or roller-like testing device that allows your vehicle’s wheels to turn while the vehicle remains in one place. Depending on the severity of a state’s air pollution problems, the states must adopt either a “basic” or “enhanced” vehicle emission inspection test. Normally, a portion of the basic emission test consists of an emis- sion inspector inserting an analyzer probe into the exhaust pipe of an idling vehicle for a short period of time. States with more severe air pollution problems are required to adopt an enhanced vehicle emission test. This test simulates actual driving conditions on a dynamometer and permits more accurate measurement of tailpipe emitted pollution than the basic emission

Starting and operating 7-7

test.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and states using two-wheel dynamometers in their emission testing programs have EXEMPTED SUBARU AWD vehicles from the portion of the testing program that involves a two-wheel dynamometer.

There are some states that use four-wheel dynamometers in their testing programs. When properly used, that equipment will not damage an AWD SUBARU vehicle.

Under no circumstances should the rear wheels be jacked off the ground, nor should the driveshaft be disconnected for state emission testing.

WARNING

Testing of an All-Wheel Drive vehicle must NEVER be performed on a single two-wheel dynamometer. At- tempting to do so will result in uncontrolled vehicle movement and may cause an accident or injuries to persons nearby.

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trouble codes, and the OBD system readiness monitors are complete. . A vehicle fails the OBD inspection if the “CHECK ENGINE” warning light/MIL is not properly operating or there are one or more diagnostic trouble codes stored in the vehicle’s computer with the “CHECK ENGINE” warning light/MIL illuminated. . A state emission inspection may reject (not pass or fail) a vehicle if the number of OBD system readiness monitors “Not Ready” is greater than one. Under this condition, the vehicle operator should be instructed to drive his/her vehicle for a few days to set the monitors and return for an emission re-inspection. . Owners of rejected or failing vehicles should contact their SUBARU Dealer for service.

7-8 Starting and operating

CAUTION

Resultant vehicle damage due to improper testing is not covered under the SUBARU Limited War- ranty and is the responsibility of the state inspection program or its contractors or licensees.

The EPA has issued regulations for inspecting the On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) system as part of the state emis- sions inspection. The OBD system is designed to detect engine and transmis- sion problems that might cause vehicle emissions to exceed allowable limits. These inspections apply to all 1996 model year and newer passenger cars and light trucks. Over 30 states plus the District of Columbia have implemented the OBD system inspection. . The inspection of the OBD system consists of a visual operational check of the “CHECK ENGINE” warning light/mal- function indicator lamp (MIL) and an examination of the OBD system with an electronic scan tool while the engine is running. . A vehicle passes the OBD system inspection if proper the “CHECK ENGINE” warning light/MIL is observed, there are no stored diagnostic

illumination of

Preparing to drive

You should perform the following checks and adjustments every day before you start driving. 1. Check that all windows, mirrors, and lights are clean and unobstructed. 2. Check the appearance and condition of the tires. Also check tires for proper inflation. 3. Look under the vehicle for any sign of leaks. 4. Check that and rear gate (5-door) are fully closed. 5. Check the adjustment of the seat. 6. Check the adjustment of and outside mirrors. 7. Fasten your seatbelt. Check that your passengers have fastened their seatbelts. 8. Check the operation of the warning and indicator lights when the ignition switch is turned to the “ON” position. 9. Check the gauges, indicator and warn- ing lights after starting the engine.

trunk (4-door)

the inside

the hood,

NOTE Engine oil, engine coolant, brake fluid, washer fluid and other fluid levels should be checked daily, weekly or at fuel stops.

Starting the engine

the engine does not start,

If following.

try the

engine warms up.

Starting and operating 7-9

CAUTION

Do not operate the starter motor continuously for more than 10 sec- onds. If the engine fails to start after operating the starter for 5 to 10
seconds, wait for 10 seconds or more before trying again.

& MT vehicles 1. Apply the parking brake. 2. Turn off unnecessary lights and ac- cessories. 3. Depress the clutch pedal to the floor and shift the shift lever into neutral. Hold the clutch pedal to the floor while starting the engine. The starter motor will only operate when the clutch pedal is depressed fully to the floor. 4. Turn the ignition switch to the “ON” position and check the operation of the warning and indicator lights. Refer to “Warning and indicator lights” F3-16. 5. Turn the ignition switch to the “START” position without depressing the accelera- tor pedal. Release the key immediately after the engine has started.

for at

for at

(1) Turn the ignition switch to the “OFF” position and wait least 10 seconds. After checking that the parking brake is firmly set, turn the ignition switch to the “START” position while depressing the accelerator pedal slightly (approximately a quarter of the full stroke). Release the accelerator pedal as soon as the engine starts. (2) If this fails to start the engine, turn the ignition switch back to the “OFF” position and wait least 10
seconds. Then fully depress the accel- erator pedal and turn the ignition switch to the “START” position. If the engine starts, quickly release the accelerator pedal. (3) If this fails to start the engine, turn the ignition switch again to the “OFF” position. After waiting for 10 seconds or longer, turn the ignition switch to the “START” position without depressing the accelerator pedal. (4) If the engine still refuses to start, contact your nearest SUBARU dealer for assistance.

6. Confirm that all warning and indicator lights have turned off after the engine has started. The fuel injection system auto- matically lowers the idle speed as the

NOTE The engine may be difficult to start when the battery has been discon- nected and reconnected (for mainte- nance or other purposes). This diffi- culty is caused by the electronically controlled throttle’s self-diagnosis function. To overcome it, keep the ignition switch in the “ON” position for approximately 10 seconds before starting the engine. & AT vehicles 1. Apply the parking brake. 2. Turn off unnecessary lights and ac- cessories. 3. Shift the selector lever to the “P” or “N” position (preferably “P” position). The starter motor will only operate when the “P” or “N” the selector lever is at position. 4. Turn the ignition switch to the “ON” position and check the operation of the warning and indicator lights. Refer to “Warning and indicator lights” F3-16. 5. Turn the ignition switch to the “START” position without depressing the accelera- tor pedal. Release the key immediately after the engine has started.

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7-10 Starting and operating

the engine does not start,

If following.

for at

for at

(1) Turn the ignition switch to the “OFF” position and wait least 10 seconds. After checking that the parking brake is firmly set, turn the ignition switch to the “START” position while depressing the accelerator pedal slightly (approximately a quarter of the full stroke). Release the accelerator pedal as soon as the engine starts. (2) If this fails to start the engine, turn the ignition switch back to the “OFF” position and wait least 10
seconds. Then fully depress the accel- erator pedal and turn the ignition switch to the “START” position. If the engine starts, quickly release the accelerator pedal. (3) If this fails to start the engine, turn the ignition switch again to the “OFF” position. After waiting for 10 seconds or longer, turn the ignition switch to the “START” position without depressing the accelerator pedal. (4) If the engine still refuses to start, contact your nearest SUBARU dealer for assistance.

6. Confirm that all warning and indicator lights have turned off after the engine has started. The fuel injection system auto- matically lowers the idle speed as the

try the

engine warms up.

Stopping the engine

The ignition switch should be turned off only when the vehicle is stopped and the engine is idling.

WARNING

Do not stop the engine when the vehicle is moving. This will cause loss of power to the power steering and the brake booster, making steer- ing and braking more difficult. It could also result in accidental acti- vation of the “LOCK” position on the ignition switch, causing the steering wheel to lock.

While the engine is warming up, make sure that the selector lever is at the “P” or “N” position and that the parking brake is applied. NOTE The engine may be difficult to start when the battery has been discon- nected and reconnected (for mainte- nance or other purposes). This diffi- culty is caused by the electronically controlled throttle’s self-diagnosis function. To overcome it, keep the ignition switch in the “ON” position for approximately 10 seconds before starting the engine.

CAUTION

If you restart the engine while the vehicle is moving, shift the selector lever into the “N” position. Do not attempt to place the selector lever of a moving vehicle into the “P” posi- tion.

Remote engine start system (dealer option)

WARNING

(e.g.,

. Do not start the engine using the remote start system in an en- closed environment in a closed garage). Prolonged opera- tion of a motor vehicle in an enclosed environment can cause a harmful build-up of Carbon Monoxide. Carbon Monoxide is harmful to your health. Exposure to high levels of Carbon Monox- ide can cause headaches, dizzi- ness or in extreme cases uncon- sciousness and/or death.

. Before performing any servicing of the vehicle, temporarily place the remote engine start system in service mode to prevent the system from unexpectedly start- ing the engine.

Starting and operating 7-11

an additional four times. If the vehicle fails to start after the additional attempts, the remote engine start system will abort and return to a non-activated state.

& Remote start safety features For safety and security reasons, the system will fail to start and beep the horn twice or shut down the engine during remote start operation if any of the following conditions occur. . The brake pedal is depressed before the vehicle ignition switch is turned “on”. . The key was already in the ignition switch. . The engine hood is opened. . The vehicle’s engine idle speed has reached a level over 3,000 rpm. . The alarm is triggered by opening a door or the rear gate. NOTE . The security indicator light on the combination meter will stop flashing while under remote engine start opera- tion, but the vehicle is still protected. . If the vehicle is entered during remote engine start operation, the system will not record entry in the alarm history.

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& Starting your vehicle The remote engine start system is acti- vated by pressing the “ ” button twice within 3 seconds on your remote engine start transmitter. The system will check certain pre-conditions before starting, and if all safety parameters are correct, the engine will start within 5 seconds. While the vehicle is operating via remote engine start, the vehicle’s power window features will be disabled. Also, the system has a timer and will shut down after 15 minutes if you do not operate the vehicle. Press and hold the “ ” button for 2 seconds again to turn the vehicle off. If the vehicle’s starter cranks but does not start or starts and stalls, the remote engine start system will power off then attempt to start the vehicle

7-12 Starting and operating

& Entering the vehicle while it is running via remote start

turn off.

1. Unlock the vehicle doors using the remote keyless entry system. If the vehi- cle’s doors are unlocked manually using the key, the vehicle’s alarm system will trigger and the remote engine start system will Inserting the key into the ignition switch and turning it to the “ON” position or pressing the unlock button “ ” on the remote keyless entry transmitter will disarm the alarm system. Refer to the “Alarm system” F2-14 section in chapter 2. 2. Enter the vehicle. Do not depress the brake pedal. 3. Insert the key into the ignition switch and turn to the “ON” position. If the ignition switch is accidentally turned to the “START” position, the system’s “starter anti-grind” feature will prevent the starter from re-cranking. 4. Depress the brake pedal. The remote the vehicle’s power starter disengages, window features are re-enabled and the vehicle will operate normally.

& Entering the vehicle follow-

ing remote engine start shut- down

An alarm trigger may occur if the vehicle is

opened by the remote keyless entry transmitter within a few seconds immedi- ately following remote engine start shut- down.

& Pre-heating or pre-cooling the interior of the vehicle

Before exiting the vehicle, set the tem- perature controls to the desired setting and operation. After the system starts the vehicle, the heater or air-conditioning will activate and heat or cool the interior to your setting.

& Service mode In service mode, the remote start function is temporarily disabled to prevent the system from unexpectedly starting the engine while being serviced. ! To engage the service mode Turn the ignition switch to the “ON” position, depress and hold the brake ” pedal, button on the remote engine start trans- mitter three times. The system will pause for 1 second and then flash the turn signal lights and honk the horn three times indicating that the system is in service mode. When attempting to activate the remote start system while in service mode, the turn signal lights will flash and

then press and release the “

then press and release the “

the horn will honk two times and will not start. ! To disengage the service mode Turn the ignition switch to the “ON” position, depress and hold the brake ” pedal, button on the remote engine start trans- mitter three times. The system will pause for 1 second and flash the turn signal lights once indicating that the system has exited service mode. NOTE When taking your vehicle in for service, it is recommended that you inform the service personnel that your vehicle is equipped with a remote engine start system.

& Remote engine start trans-

mitter programming and pro- grammable feature option

New transmitters can be programmed to the remote engine start system in the event that remote engine start transmitters are lost, stolen or damaged. The remote engine start system also has one pro- grammable feature that can be adjusted for user preference. The remote engine start system can be programmed to either make an audible

Insert the key into the vehicle’s ignition

horn chirp upon remote start activation or not. Remote engine start transmitter pro- gramming and feature programming can be adjusted using the following procedure. 1. Open the driver’s door (the driver’s door must remain opened throughout the entire process). 2. switch and turn to the “ON” position. 3. Locate the small black programming button behind the fuse box cover, on the driver’s side left under the dashboard panel. 4. Press and hold the black programming button for 10 to 15 seconds. The horn will honk and the turn signal lights will flash three times to indicate that the system has entered programming mode. At this point you can proceed to either step 5 or step 6. 5. To program a remote engine start transmitter: press and release the “ ” button on each transmitter. The horn will honk and the turn signal lights will flash one time to indicate a successful trans- mitter learn each time the “ ” button is pressed. You can program up to eight transmitters. 6. To toggle the Horn Confirmation chirps ON/OFF: depress and release the brake pedal to toggle the feature. The horn will chirp and the turn signal lights will flash one time to indicate Confirmation Horn

Chirps are “OFF”. The horn will honk and the turn signal lights will flash 2 times to indicate Confirmation Horn Chirps are “ON”. Depressing the brake pedal repeat- edly will toggle the feature ON or OFF each time. 7. To exit the remote engine start trans- mitter and feature programming mode, turn the ignition switch to the “LOCK” position, remove the key from the ignition switch and test operation of the remote engine start transmitter(s) and horn con- firmation feature.

& System maintenance ! Changing the batteries

CAUTION

. Do not let dust, oil or water get on or in the remote engine start transmitter when replacing the battery.

. Be careful not

to damage the printed circuit board in the re- mote engine start transmitter when replacing the battery.

. Be careful not to allow children to touch the battery and any re- moved parts; children could swallow them.

Starting and operating 7-13

. There is a danger of explosion if an incorrect replacement battery is used. Replace only with the same or equivalent type of bat- tery.

. Batteries should not be exposed to excessive heat such as sun- shine, fire or the like.

The two 3-volt lithium batteries (model CR-1220) supplied in your remote engine start transmitter should last approximately three years, depending on usage. When the batteries begin to weaken, you will notice a decrease in range (distance from the vehicle that your remote engine start system operates). Follow the instructions below to change the remote engine start transmitter batteries.

– CONTINUED –

to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful inter- this device must ference, and (2) accept any interference received, in- cluding interference that may cause undesired operation. Changes or modifications not ex- pressly approved by the party respon- sible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equip- ment.

7-14 Starting and operating

1. Carefully pry the remote engine start transmitter halves apart using a small flat- head screwdriver.

2. Remove the circuit board from the bottom half of the case and slide the white plastic battery holder out from under the battery tab releasing the batteries. Re- move the old batteries and replace with new ones. Be sure to observe the (+) sign on the old batteries before removing them to ensure that the new batteries are inserted properly (battery “+” should be pointed away from the transmitter circuit board on both batteries). 3. Carefully snap the case halves back together, then test the remote engine start system.

NOTE This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules and with RSS-210 of Industry Canada. Operation is subject

Manual transmission – 6
speeds (WRX STI)

WARNING

Do not drive the vehicle with the clutch disengaged (i.e., when the clutch pedal is depressed) or with the shift lever in the neutral position. Engine braking has no effect in either of these conditions and the risk of an accident is consequently increased.

& Selecting reverse gear

The manual transmission is a fully syn- chromeshed, 6-forward-speed and 1-re- verse-speed transmission. The shift pattern is shown on the shift lever knob.

1) Slider

You must raise the slider and hold it in that position before you can move the shift lever to the “R” position.

To change gears, fully depress the clutch

Starting and operating 7-15

pedal, move the shift lever, and gradually let up on the clutch. If it is difficult to shift into gear, put the transmission in neutral, release the clutch pedal momentarily, and then try again.

CAUTION

Shift into reverse ONLY when the vehicle has completely stopped. It may cause damage to the transmis- sion to try shifting into reverse when the vehicle is moving.

& Shifting speeds ! Recommended shifting speeds The best compromise between fuel econ- omy and vehicle performance during normal driving is ensured by shifting up at the speeds listed in the following table.

Shift up

1st to 2nd

2nd to 3rd

3rd to 4th

4th to 5th

5th to 6th

mph (km/h)

15 (24)

25 (40)

40 (64)

45 (72)

50 (80)

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In this way, the engine provides a braking effect. Remember, if you “ride” (over use) the brakes while descending a hill, they may overheat and not work properly.

The engine may, on rare occasions, knock when the vehicle rapidly accelerates or rapidly pulls away from a standstill. This phenomenon does not indicate a malfunc- tion.

7-16 Starting and operating

! Maximum allowable speeds The following table shows the maximum speeds that are possible with each differ- ent gear. The tachometer’s needle will enter the red area if these speeds are exceeded. With the exception of cases where sudden acceleration is required, the vehicle should not be driven with the tachometer’s needle inside the red area. Failure to observe this precaution can lead to excessive engine wear and poor fuel economy.

Gear

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

mph (km/h)

30 (49)

50 (81)

74 (119)

99 (159)

WARNING

When shifting down a gear, ensure that the vehicle is not travelling at a speed exceeding the Maximum Al- lowable Speed for the gear which is about to be selected. Failure to observe this precaution can lead to engine over-revving and this in turn can result in engine damage.

In addition, sudden application of engine brakes when the vehicle is travelling on a slippery surface can lead to wheel locking; as a conse- quence, control of the vehicle may be lost and the risk of an accident increased.

NOTE Never exceed posted speed limits.

& Driving tips Do not drive with your foot resting on the clutch pedal and do not use the clutch to hold your vehicle at a standstill on an upgrade. Either of those actions may cause clutch damage. Do not drive with your hand resting on the shift lever. This may cause wear on the transmission components.

When it is necessary to reduce vehicle speed due to slow traffic, turning corners, or driving up steep hills, downshift to a lower gear before the engine starts to labor.

On steep downgrades, downshift the transmission to 5th, 4th, 3rd or 2nd gear as necessary; this helps to maintain a safe speed and to extend brake pad life.

Manual transmission – 5
speeds (except WRX STI)

The manual transmission is a fully syn- chromeshed, 5-forward-speed and 1-re- verse-speed transmission. The shift pattern is shown on the shift lever knob. When shifting from 5th gear to reverse gear, first return the shift lever to the neutral position then shift into reverse gear.

To change gears, fully depress the clutch pedal, move the shift lever, and gradually let up on the clutch pedal. If it is difficult to shift into gear, put the transmission in neutral, release the clutch pedal momentarily, and then try again.

WARNING

Do not drive the vehicle with the clutch disengaged (i.e., when the clutch pedal is depressed) or with the shift lever in the neutral position. Engine braking has no effect in either of these conditions and the risk of an accident is consequently increased.

CAUTION

Shift into reverse ONLY when the vehicle has completely stopped. It may cause damage to the transmis- sion to try shifting into reverse when the vehicle is moving.

NOTE (non-turbo models only) To protect the engine while the shift lever is in the neutral position, the engine is controlled so that the engine speed may not become too high even if the accelerator pedal is pressed hard.

Starting and operating 7-17

& Shifting speeds ! Recommended shifting speeds The best compromise between fuel econ- omy and vehicle performance during normal driving is ensured by shifting up at the speeds listed in the following table. Non-turbo models

Shift up

1st to 2nd

2nd to 3rd

3rd to 4th

4th to 5th

Turbo models Shift up

1st to 2nd

2nd to 3rd

3rd to 4th

4th to 5th

mph (km/h)

16 (26)

27 (43)

38 (61) 50 (81)

mph (km/h)

14 (23)

24 (39)

35 (57) 47 (76)

! Maximum allowable speeds The following tables show the maximum speeds that are possible with each differ- ent gear.

Never exceed the speed limit listed in the following table for each gear position except for brief acceleration in an emer- gency. The tachometer’s needle will enter – CONTINUED –

7-18 Starting and operating

the red area if these speeds are ex- ceeded. Failure to observe this precaution can lead to excessive engine wear and poor fuel economy. Non-turbo models

mph (km/h)

1st

2nd

3rd

Turbo models

1st

2nd

3rd

32 (51)

53 (86) 76 (122)

mph (km/h)

35 (56)

58 (94) 85 (137)

Never exceed the posted speed limit.

WARNING

When shifting down a gear, ensure that the vehicle is not travelling at a speed exceeding the Maximum Al- lowable Speed for the gear which is about to be selected. Failure to observe this precaution can lead to engine over-revving and this in turn can result in engine damage. In addition, sudden application of engine brakes when the vehicle is travelling on a slippery surface can lead to wheel locking; as a conse-

quence, control of the vehicle may be lost and the risk of an accident increased.

phenomenon is not an indication of a problem in your vehicle.

& Driving tips Do not drive with your foot resting on the clutch pedal and do not use the clutch to hold your vehicle at a standstill on an upgrade. Either of those actions may cause clutch damage. Do not drive with your hand resting on the shift lever. This may cause wear on the transmission components.

When it is necessary to reduce vehicle speed due to slow traffic, turning corners, or driving up steep hills, downshift to a lower gear before the engine starts to labor.

On steep downgrades, downshift the transmission to 4th, 3rd or 2nd gear as necessary; this helps to maintain a safe speed and to extend brake pad life. In this way, the engine provides a braking effect. Remember, if you “ride” (over use) the brakes while descending a hill, they may overheat and not work properly.

The engine may, on rare occasions, knock when the vehicle rapidly accelerates or rapidly pulls away from a standstill. This

Driver’s Control Center Dif- ferential (DCCD) (WRX STI)

WARNING

Always use the utmost care when driving. Being overconfident be- cause you are driving a vehicle with a driver’s control center differential could easily lead to a serious acci- dent.

CAUTION

All the indicator lights will flash in the event that the driver’s control center differential has a malfunc- tion. Have the vehicle inspected by your SUBARU dealer.

limitation of

The driver’s control center differential allows you to freely change the degree of the differential action (limited slip differential (LSD) torque) of your vehicle’s center differential. By using the center differential control switch, you can set an initial LSD torque to match the road surface conditions, driving conditions and your driving style.

Starting and operating 7-19

tial and rear differential. This sound occurs because of the structure of the center differential. It does not indicate a problem.

& To change mode of driver’s

control center differential

LSD torque Traction torque Initial LSD torque (maximum) Initial LSD torque (minimum) Initial LSD torque (adjustable)

1) 2) 3) 4) A) B) Mechanical LSD torque

The driver’s control center differential has an auto mode and a manual mode. In the the system automatically auto mode, adjusts the initial LSD torque. In the manual mode, you can change to the desired mode manually by using the center differential control switch. NOTE If you rapidly depress and release the accelerator pedal while driving at low speed, you may hear a knocking sound from the vicinity of the center differen-

Press the “AUTO-MANU” switch on the center console to switch from auto mode to manual mode or vice versa. When you select the auto mode, the “AUTO” indica- tor light illuminates. When you select the manual mode, the “AUTO” indicator light turns off.

– CONTINUED –

7-20 Starting and operating

& Auto mode

In the auto mode, the system estimates the driving and road conditions using signals from the wheel speed sensor, throttle position sensor, steering angle sensor and brake switch, etc. According to the result, it electronically and auto- matically controls the degree of limitation of the differential action (LSD torque) to optimize the differential action of the center differential. When the ignition switch is turned ON, the “AUTO” indicator light on the combination meter illuminates.

the “AUTO [+]” mode. After setting the mode, “ ” on the combination meter illuminates.

Pull the control switch rearward to select the “AUTO [−]” mode. After setting the mode, “ ” on the combination meter illuminates. When the “AUTO [+]” mode is selected, pull the control switch rearward to change to the “AUTO” mode. When the “AUTO [−]” mode is set, push the control switch forward to change to the “AUTO” mode.

The auto mode has 3 modes as follows.

Mode

AUTO [+]

Operation

This mode emphasizes traction control and strengthens the limitation of differential action that is suitable for driving on slippery roads for vehicle stabi- lity.

AUTO

This mode is suitable for most driving situations.

AUTO [−]

This mode is suitable when you seek quick response from the steering wheel and smooth driving.

! Mode setting method In most situations, it is recommended that the “AUTO” mode is selected.

Push the control switch forward to select

& Manual mode

! Center differential control switch

and indicator light

Starting and operating 7-21

In the manual mode, you can use the center differential control switch to adjust the initial LSD torque as desired. When this mode is selected, the “AUTO” indica- tor light on the combination meter turns off.

The control switch is located beside the parking brake lever. By pushing the control switch forward or pulling it rear- ward, it is possible to change the initial LSD torque. The center differential indicator lights on the combination meter give six levels of indication. The indicator lights and control switch are linked; when the switch is pushed or pulled to change the initial LSD torque, the illumination position of the indicator lights changes accordingly.

Push the switch forward to increase the initial LSD torque; when the “LOCK” indicator light illuminates, the initial LSD torque setting is maximum. The center differential will then be almost completely locked.

– CONTINUED –

7-22 Starting and operating

Pull the switch rearward to reduce the initial LSD torque. When the lowest posi- tion of the driver’s control center differen- tial the initial LSD torque will be minimum. Under this condition, only the Mechanical LSD torque will limit the differential action.

indicator light

illuminates,

CAUTION

. Do not operate the control switch when a wheel slippage occurs. Wait until the wheelspin has been brought under control.

. Under any of the following con- ditions after setting to the man- ual mode, pull the center differ- ential control switch to minimize the initial LSD torque:

. When a temporary spare tire is

installed

. When your vehicle is towed . When the vehicle is stopped with the manual mode se- lected

NOTE . A higher initial LSD torque setting gives the vehicle greater traction when driving straight ahead but makes cor- nering more difficult. Remember this when adjusting the initial LSD torque. In general, higher initial LSD torque settings assist driving on slippery roads and lower settings for non-slip- pery roads. When the vehicle is stuck in snow or mud, setting the initial LSD torque to the maximum will help to free the vehicle. . The setting of the initial LSD torque will remain even when the auto mode is selected or the ignition switch is turned to the “OFF” position. However, the initial LSD torque will be minimized when the battery is disconnected and reconnected. . During cornering or when making turns (especially when going into the garage), the rotational difference be- tween the front and rear wheels may

cause a braking effect accompanied by vibration and noise. This does not indicate a problem. The phenomenon will disappear when setting the initial LSD torque to the minimum. In the auto mode, it controls the initial LSD torque automatically. While in the auto mode, this phenomenon some- times occurs depending on the driving condition, however, it does not indicate a problem. . Use the center differential indicator light only as a rough indication of the initial LSD torque. . If you operate the center differential control switch while quickly accelerat- ing or turning a tight corner, you may feel slight shocks. This is due to differential action by the center differ- ential and does not indicate a problem.

& Temporary release When the driver stops the vehicle and pulls the parking brake lever after manu- ally setting the initial LSD torque, the LSD torque is temporarily minimized. However the indicator on the combination meter continues to show the driver’s selected initial LSD torque. When the driver re- leases the parking brake lever, the initial LSD torque set by the driver is restored.

Automatic transmission

The automatic transmission is electroni- cally controlled and provides 4 forward speeds and 1 reverse speed. Also, it has a manual mode and a SPORT mode.

WARNING

Do not shift from the “P” or “N” position into the “D” or “R” position while depressing the accelerator pedal. This may cause the vehicle to jump forward or backward.

“R” position or vice versa until the vehicle has completely stopped. Such shifting may cause damage to the transmis- sion.

. When parking the vehicle, first securely apply the parking brake and then place the selector lever in the “P” position. Avoid parking for a long time with the selector lever in any other position as doing so could result in a dead battery.

CAUTION

. Shift into the “P” or “R” position only after the vehicle is comple- tely stopped. Shifting while the vehicle is moving may cause damage to the transmission.

. Do not race the engine for more than 5 seconds in any position except the “N” or “P” position when the brake is set or when chocks are used in the wheels. This may cause the automatic transmission fluid to overheat.

. Avoid shifting from one of the forward driving positions into the

NOTE . When the engine coolant tempera- ture is still low, the automatic transmis- sion will upshift to higher engine speeds than when the coolant tempera- ture is sufficiently high in order to shorten the warm-up time and improve driveability. The gearshift timing will automatically shift to the normal timing after the engine has warmed up. . Immediately after ATF (automatic transmission fluid) is replaced, you may feel that the automatic transmis- sion operation is somewhat unusual. This results from invalidation of data which the on-board computer has collected and stored in memory to

Starting and operating 7-23

allow the transmission to shift at the most appropriate times for the current condition of your vehicle. Optimized shifting will be restored as the vehicle continues to be driven for a while.

NOTE (non-turbo models only) To protect the engine while the “P” or “N” position is selected, the engine is controlled so that the engine speed may not become too high even if the accelerator pedal is pressed hard.

& Selector lever

: Shifting is possible with the brake pedal

depressed

: Shifting is possible whether the brake

pedal is depressed or not

– CONTINUED –

7-24 Starting and operating

The selector lever has four positions, “P”, “R”, “N”, “D” and also has manual gate for using “SPORT” mode or manual mode. ! P (Park) This position is for parking the vehicle and starting the engine. In this position, the transmission is me- chanically locked to prevent the vehicle from rolling freely.

When you park the vehicle, first set the parking brake fully, then shift into the “P” position. Do not hold the vehicle with only the transmission. To shift the selector lever from the “P” to any other position, you should depress the brake pedal fully then move the selector lever. This prevents the vehicle from lurching when it is started. ! R (Reverse) This position is for backing the vehicle. To shift from the “N” to “R” position, stop the vehicle completely then move the lever to the “R” position. When the ignition switch has been turned to the “LOCK” position, movement of the selector lever from the “N” position to the “R” position is possible for a limited time period by depressing the brake pedal, and then it becomes impossible. For details,

refer to “Selector lever reverse inhibiting function” F7-25. ! N (Neutral) This position is for restarting a stalled engine. In this position the wheels and transmis- sion are not locked. In this position, the transmission is neutral; the vehicle will roll freely, even on the slightest incline unless the parking brake or foot brake is applied. Avoid coasting with the transmission in neutral. During coasting, there is no engine brak- ing effect. NOTE the selector lever is in the “N” If position when you stop the engine for parking, you may not subsequently be able to move it to the “R” and “P” positions. turn the ignition switch to the “ON” position. You will then be able to move the selector lever to the “P” position.

this happens,

If

WARNING

Do not drive the vehicle with the selector lever in the “N” (neutral) position. Engine braking has no effect in this condition and the risk of an accident is consequently in-

creased.

! D (Drive) This position is for normal driving. The transmission automatically shifts into a suitable gear from 1st to 4th according to the vehicle speed and the acceleration you require.

When more acceleration is required in this position, depress the accelerator pedal fully to the floor and hold that position. The transmission will automatically downshift to 3rd, 2nd or 1st gear. When you release the pedal, the transmission will return to the original gear position. To use the “SPORT” mode, move the lever from this position into the manual gate. To use the manual mode, move the lever from this position into the manual gate then move it toward the “+” and “−” ends. ! While climbing a grade When driving up a hill, undesired upshift to 4th gear is prevented from taking place when the accelerator is released. This minimizes the chance of subsequent downshifting to a lower gear when accel- erating again. This prevents repeated upshifting and downshifting resulting in a smoother operation of the vehicle.

NOTE The transmission may downshift to 2nd or 1st gear, depending on the way the accelerator pedal is depressed to ac- celerate the vehicle again. ! While going down a hill When you are descending a hill or any other slope while braking with the “SPORT” mode selected, the transmission may downshift to 3rd or 2nd gear depend- ing on how hard you depress the brake pedal, causing engine braking to work. Reacceleration for a short time will cause the transmission to upshift normally. NOTE . A 4th-to-3rd automatic downshift will not occur at speeds above 50
mph (80 km/h) and a 3rd-to-2nd auto- matic downshift will not occur at speeds above 24 mph (38 km/h). . Automatic downshifts to 3rd or 2nd may occur even when driving on a level road depending on conditions, such as how hard you depress the brake pedal.

& Selector lever reverse inhi-

biting function

The function becomes operational when the vehicle reaches a speed of approxi- mately 6 mph (10 km/h). Once opera- tional, it prevents the selector lever from being moved from the “N” position to the “R” position. When the vehicle speed drops below 6 mph (10 km/h), the function is canceled. The selector lever can then be moved to the “R” and “P” positions.

When the ignition switch has been turned to the “LOCK” position, movement of the selector lever from the “N” position to the “R” position is possible for a limited time period by depressing the brake pedal and then becomes impossible. Also, the se- lector lever cannot be moved to the “R” position after it has been placed in the “P” position and then placed again in the “N” position. When the movement of the selector lever from the “N” position to the “R” position has become impossible, turn the ignition switch back to the “ON” position then move the selector lever to the “P” position. Pressing the selector lever release button also makes it possible to move the selector lever to the “P” position at this time.

This function prevents accidental move- to the “R” ment of position while the vehicle is moving.

the selector

lever

Starting and operating 7-25

! Selector lever release button

If you inadvertently have turned the igni- tion switch to the “LOCK” position with the selector lever in the “N” position, proceed as follows. 1. Remove the shift lock release cover. Refer to “Shift lock release” F7-28. 2. 3. Move the selector position.

Insert a screwdriver into the hole.

to the “P”

lever

the selector

If reverse inhibiting function fails, have the vehicle inspected by the nearest SUBARU dealer.

lever

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7-26 Starting and operating

& Selection of manual mode

Gear shifts can be performed by using the selector lever.

With the vehicle either moving or station- ary, move the selector lever from the “D” position to the manual gate then move it to the “+” end or “−” end of the manual gate to select manual mode.

1) Upshift indicator 2) Downshift indicator 3) Gear position indicator

When the manual mode is selected, the gear position indicator and upshift indica- tor and/or downshift indicator on the combination meter illuminate. The gear position indicator shows the currently selected gear in the 1st-to-4th-gear range. The upshift and downshift indicators show when a gear shift is possible. When the ” is illuminated, up- upshift shifting is possible. When the downshift ” is illuminated, downshifting indicator “ is possible. When both indicators are illuminated, upshifting and downshifting are both possible. When the vehicle stops (for example, at traffic signals), the down- shift indicator turns off.

indicator “

Using the selector lever Shift to the next-higher gear by briefly pushing the selector lever toward the “+” end of the manual gate. Shift to the next-lower gear by briefly pulling the selector lever toward the “−” end of the manual gate. NOTE Please read the following points care- fully and bear them in mind when using the manual mode. . If you attempt to shift down when the engine speed is too high, i.e., when a downshift would push the tachometer needle beyond the red zone, beeps will be emitted to warn you that the down-

shift is not possible. . If you attempt to shift up when the vehicle speed is too low, the transmis- sion will not respond. . You can perform a skip-shift (for example, from 4th to 2nd) by operating the selector lever twice in rapid suc- cession. . The transmission automatically se- lects 1st gear when the vehicle stops moving. . If the temperature of the automatic transmission fluid becomes too high, the “AT OIL TEMP” warning light will illuminate and upshifts to 4th gear will not be possible. Immediately stop the vehicle in a safe place and let the engine idle until the warning light turns off.

In addition, sudden application of engine braking caused by down shifting when the vehicle is travel- ling on a slippery surface can lead to wheel locking; as a consequence, control of the vehicle may be lost and the risk of an accident in- creased.

The following tables show the maximum speeds that are possible with each differ- ent gear.

it

is important

When down shifting, to confirm that the current vehicle speed is not in excess of the Maximum Allowable Speed of the gear which is about to be selected. Non–turbo models

mph (km/h)

& Maximum speeds

Gear position Manual mode

“D” position

30 (48)

63 (101) 99 (160)

WARNING

When down shifting, ensure that the vehicle is not travelling at a speed exceeding the Maximum Allowable Speed for the gear which is about to be selected. Failure to observe this precaution can lead to engine over- revving and this in turn can result in engine damage.

Starting and operating 7-27

Turbo models

mph (km/h)

Gear position Manual mode

36 (58)

65 (105)

105 (169)

“D” position

26 (42)

65 (104) 104 (168)

NOTE In order to prevent over-revving during deceleration of the vehicle, the trans- mission will remain in the current gear if the speed of the vehicle is in excess of the Maximum Allowable Speed for the gear to which the selector lever has been moved.

& Driving tips . On a road surface where there is a risk of wheelspin (for example, a snow- or gravel-covered road), you can pull away from a standstill (safely and easily) by first selecting the 2nd gear of the manual mode. . Always apply the foot or parking brake when the vehicle is stopped in the “D” or “R” position. . Always set the parking brake when parking your vehicle. Do not hold the vehicle with only the transmission. . Do not keep the vehicle in a stationary – CONTINUED –

7-28 Starting and operating

position on an uphill grade by using the “D” position. Use the brake instead. . The engine may, on rare occasions, knock when the vehicle rapidly acceler- ates or rapidly pulls away from a standstill. This phenomenon does not indicate a problem.

& SPORT mode

Turbo models

selector lever to the “D” position or select manual mode. To subsequently reselect SPORT mode, move the selector lever to the “D” position and from there to the manual gate. In this mode, the transmission shifts up at higher vehicle speeds and shifts down more responsively than in normal mode.

& Shift lock release If the selector lever does not move from the “P” position with the brake pedal depressed and the ignition switch in the “ON” position, perform the following steps: To override the shift lock: 1. Set engine. 2. Take out the screwdriver from the tool bag.

the parking brake and stop the

SPORT mode is used when power is needed for rapid acceleration or for uphill driving. To select this mode, move the selector lever from the “D” position to the manual gate.

Non-turbo models

When selected, the SPORT mode indica- tor light on the combination meter will illuminate. To deselect SPORT mode, move the

6. Remove the screwdriver from the hole. Depress the brake pedal and start the engine.

Take your vehicle to the nearest SUBARU dealer immediately to have the system repaired.

Starting and operating 7-29

SI-DRIVE (WRX STI)

SI-DRIVE (SUBARU Intelligent Drive) works to maximize engine performance, control and efficiency. This system consists of three modes: Intelligent (I), Sport (S), and Sport Sharp (S#). By adjusting the SI-DRIVE selector, the character of the power unit changes.

& Intelligent (I) mode ! For smooth, efficient performance

driving

3. Remove the cover by prying on the edge with a flat-head screwdriver.

Insert the screwdriver into the hole.

4. 5. Push down on the screwdriver and move the selector lever from the “P” to the “N” position.

The Intelligent (I) mode provides well- balanced performance with greater fuel efficiency and smooth driveability without stress. Power delivery is moderate during acceleration for maximum fuel efficiency.

– CONTINUED –

7-30 Starting and operating

This is ideal for around-town driving and situations that do not require full power output. It provides better control in difficult driving conditions, such as slippery roads or loose surfaces, due to gentler throttle response.

& Sport (S) mode ! For all-around performance driving

& Sport Sharp (S#) mode ! For maximum performance driving

When Intelligent (I) mode is selected, a shift-up indicator “ ” on the combination meter will blink to signal the best time to shift gears for maximum fuel efficiency.

The Sport (S) mode provides the engine power desired by those who want to make the driving experience their own personal adventure. The linear acceleration characteristic of this versatile mode is ideal for normal driving use.

For sports-minded drivers, the Sport Sharp (S#) mode offers an exhilarating level of engine performance and control. The throttle becomes more responsive regardless of the engine speed. Delivering maximum driving enjoyment, this mode is ideal for tackling twisting roads and for merging or overtaking other vehicles on the freeway with confidence.

there is a possibility that

the same mode as when the engine was turned off. . While the engine is running, if the CHECK ENGINE warning light/malfunc- tion indicator lamp illuminates, the SI- DRIVE mode changes to the Sport (S) mode. In this case, it is not possible to change to the Sport Sharp (S#) mode or Intelligent (I) mode. . If the engine could overheat because of a temperature increase of the engine coolant, it is not possible to change to the Sport Sharp (S#) mode. While the vehicle is in the Sport Sharp (S#) mode, it changes to the Sport (S) mode when the engine coolant temperature in- creases. . If any of the SI-DRIVE indicators the SI-DRIVE system may be blink, malfunctioning. Contact your SUBARU dealer.

Starting and operating 7-31

Limited slip differential (LSD) (WRX STI)

The LSD provides optimum distribution of power according to the difference in revolutions between the right and left wheels that may be caused by certain driving conditions, thereby improving driv- ing stability on snow-covered, muddy or other slippery roads or when high speed driving.

CAUTION

. Never start the engine while a tire on one side is jacked up, as the vehicle may move.

. If one tire is spinning in mud, avoid continued spinning at high speed as this could adversely affect the LSD.

. If you use a temporary spare tire to replace a flat tire, be sure to use the original temporary spare tire stored in the vehicle. Using other sizes will adversely affect the LSD.

& SI-DRIVE selector When you rotate the SI-DRIVE selector to the left, the current SI-DRIVE mode changes to Sport (S) mode. When you rotate it to the right, the mode changes to Sport Sharp (S#) mode, and when you push it, the mode changes to Intelligent (I) mode. After performing this operation, the switch returns to its original location.

NOTE . The next time you turn on the engine, after you turned off the engine in the Sport Sharp (S#) mode, the SI- DRIVE mode changes to the Sport (S) mode. . The next time you turn on the engine, after you turned off the engine in the Sport (S) mode or Intelligent (I) mode, the SI-DRIVE mode will stay in

7-32 Starting and operating

Power steering

it will

The power steering system operates only when the engine is running. If you lose power steering assist because the engine stops or the system fails to function, you can steer but take much more effort. NOTE Right after the engine has been started and before it has warmed up, you may hear a noise coming from areas adja- cent to the power steering pump which is located at the right-front area of the engine compartment. This noise is normal. indicate power steering system trouble.

It does not

CAUTION

Do not hold the steering wheel at the fully locked position left or right for more than 5 seconds. This may damage the power steering pump.

Braking & Braking tips

WARNING

Never rest your foot on the brake pedal while driving. This can cause dangerous overheating of the brakes and needless wear on the brake pads and linings.

! When the brakes get wet When driving in rain or after washing the vehicle, the brakes may get wet. As a result, brake stopping distance will be longer. To dry the brakes, drive the vehicle at a safe speed while lightly depressing the brake pedal to heat up the brakes. ! Use of engine braking Remember to make use of engine braking in addition to foot braking. When descend- ing a grade, if only the foot brake is used, the brakes may start working improperly because of brake fluid overheating, caused by overheated brake pads. To help prevent this, shift into a lower gear to get stronger engine braking. ! Braking when a tire is punctured Do not depress the brake pedal suddenly when a tire is punctured. This could cause

a loss of control of the vehicle. Keep driving straight ahead while gradually reducing speed. Then slowly pull off the road to a safe place.

& Brake system ! Two separate circuits Your vehicle has two separate circuit brake systems. Each circuit works diag- onally across the vehicle. If one circuit of the brake system should fail, the other half of the system still works. If one circuit fails, the brake pedal will go down much closer to the floor than usual and you will need to press it down much harder. And a much longer distance will be needed to stop the vehicle. ! Brake booster The brake booster uses engine manifold vacuum to assist braking force. Do not turn off the engine while driving because that will turn off the brake booster, result-