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harmful If brake fluid gets in your eyes, immedi- ately flush them thoroughly with
to your eyes.
clean water. For safety, when performing this work, wearing eye protection is advisable.
. Brake fluid absorbs moisture from the air. Any absorbed moist- ure can cause a dangerous loss of braking performance.
. If the vehicle requires frequent refilling, there may be a leak. If you suspect a problem, have the vehicle checked at your SUBARU dealer.
CAUTION
. When adding brake fluid, be care- ful not to allow any dirt into the reservoir.
. Never splash the brake fluid over painted surfaces or rubber parts. Alcohol contained in the brake fluid may damage them.
. Be careful not to spill brake fluid when adding it. If brake fluid touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If brake fluid gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off.
Clutch fluid
advisable.
& Checking the fluid level
Maintenance and service 11-19
& Recommended clutch fluid Refer to “Fluids” F12-7.
CAUTION
CAUTION
Never use different brands of clutch fluid together. Also, avoid mixing DOT 3 and DOT 4 brake fluids even if they are the same brand.
. Clutch fluid absorbs moisture from the air. Any absorbed moist- ure can cause improper clutch operation.
. If the vehicle requires frequent refilling, there may be a leak. If you suspect a problem, have the vehicle checked at your SUBARU dealer.
. When clutch fluid is added, be careful not to allow any dirt into the tank.
. Never splash the clutch fluid over painted surfaces or rubber parts. Alcohol contained in the clutch fluid may damage them.
. Be careful not to spill clutch fluid when adding it. If clutch fluid touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If clutch fluid gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off.
Check the fluid level on the outside of the reservoir. If the level is below “MIN” level mark, add the recommended clutch fluid to “MAX” level mark. Use only clutch fluid from a sealed container.
WARNING
Never let clutch fluid contact your eyes because clutch fluid can be harmful to your eyes. If clutch fluid gets in your eyes, immediately flush them thoroughly with clean water. For safety, when performing this work, wearing eye protection is
11-20 Maintenance and service
Brake booster
functions, and the brake assist system is operating properly.
Brake pedal
If the brake booster does not operate as described in the following, have it checked by your SUBARU dealer. 1. With the engine off, depress the brake pedal several times, applying the same pedal force each time. The distance the pedal travels should not vary. 2. With the brake pedal depressed, start the engine. The pedal should move slightly down to the floor. 3. With the brake pedal depressed, stop the engine and keep the pedal depressed for 30 seconds. The pedal height should not change. 4. Start the engine again and run for approximately one minute then turn it off. Depress the brake pedal several times to check the brake booster. The brake booster operates properly if the pedal stroke decreases with each depression.
NOTE For vehicles equipped with the brake assist system, when you depress the brake pedal strongly or suddenly, you might feel that lighter depression of the brake pedal generates a greater brak- ing force. However, even though these occur, they do not indicate any mal-
Brake assist is not a system that brings more braking ability to the vehicle beyond its breaking capability.
Check the brake pedal free play and reserve distance according to the main- tenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”.
& Checking the brake pedal
free play
1)
0.02 – 0.08 in (0.5 – 2.0 mm)
Stop the engine and firmly depress the brake pedal several times. Lightly pull the brake pedal up with one finger to check the free play with a force of less than 2 lbf (10 N, 1 kgf). the free play is not within proper If specification, contact your SUBARU deal- er.
& Checking the brake pedal
reserve distance
Clutch pedal
& Checking the clutch pedal
free play
Maintenance and service 11-21
Check the clutch pedal free play and reserve distance according to the main- tenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”.
& Checking the clutch function Check the clutch engagement and disen- gagement. 1. With the engine idling, check that there are no abnormal noises when the clutch pedal is depressed, and that shifting into 1st or reverse feels smooth. 2. Start the vehicle by releasing the pedal slowly to check that the engine and transmission smoothly couple without any sign of slippage.
1)
0.16 – 0.43 in (4.0 – 11.0 mm)
Lightly depress the clutch pedal down with your finger until you feel resistance, and check the free play. If the free play is not within proper specification, contact your SUBARU deal- er.
1) More than 2.56 in (65 mm)
Depress the pedal with a force of approxi- mately 66 lbf (294 N, 30 kgf) and measure the distance between the upper surface of the pedal pad and the floor. When the measurement is smaller than the specification, or when the pedal does not operate smoothly, contact with your SUBARU dealer.
11-22 Maintenance and service
Hill start assist system
the Hill start assist system the following
Ensure that operates properly under circumstances: 1. Stop the vehicle on an uphill grade by depressing the brake pedal and clutch pedal, with the engine running. 2. Make sure that the vehicle does not move backward even after the brake pedal is released. 3. Then make sure the vehicle starts climbing the grade by following the normal starting procedures.
If the Hill start assist system does not operate as described above, contact with your SUBARU dealer.
Replacement of brake pad and lining
result in the need for costly brake rotor repair or replacement.
& Breaking-in of new brake
pads and linings
When replacing the brake pad or lining, use only genuine SUBARU parts. After replacement, the new parts must be broken in as follows.
! Brake pad and lining While maintaining a speed of 30 to 40
mph (50 to 65 km/h), step on the brake pedal this five or more times.lightly. Repeat
! Parking brake lining
1. Drive the vehicle at a speed of approximately 22 mph (35 km/h). 2. With the parking brake release button pushed in, pull the parking brake lever SLOWLY and GENTLY (pulling with a force of approximately 33.7 lbf [150 N, 15.3 kgf]). 3. Drive the vehicle for approximately 220 yards (200 meters) in this condition. 4. Wait 5 to 10 minutes for the parking brake to cool down. Repeat this proce- dure. 5. Check the parking brake stroke. If the parking brake stroke is out of the specified
The disc brakes have audible wear indicators on the brake pads. If the brake pads wear close to their service limit, the wear indicator makes a very audible scraping noise when the brake pedal is applied.
If you hear this scraping noise each time you apply the brake pedal, have the brake pads serviced by your SUBARU dealer as soon as possible.
CAUTION
If you continue to drive despite the scraping noise from the audible brake pad wear indicator, it will
range, adjust it by turning the adjusting nut located on the parking brake lever.
Parking brake stroke
Tires and wheels
Maintenance and service 11-23
Parking brake stroke:
7 – 8 notches / 45 lbf (200 N, 20.4 kgf)
WARNING
A safe location and situation should be selected for break-in driving.
CAUTION
Pulling the parking brake lever too forcefully may cause the rear wheels to lock. To avoid this, be certain to pull the lever up slowly and gently.
Check the parking brake stroke according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. When the parking brake is properly adjusted, braking power is fully applied by pulling the lever up 7 to 8 notches gently but firmly (approximately 45 lbf [200
N, 20.4 kgf]). If the parking brake lever stroke is not within the specified range, have the brake system checked and adjusted at your SUBARU dealer.& Types of tires You should be familiar with type of tires present on your vehicle.
! All season tires All season tires are designed to provide an adequate measure of traction, handling and braking performance in year-round driving including snowy and icy road conditions. However all season tires do not offer as much traction performance as winter (snow) tires in heavy or loose snow or on icy roads. All season tires are identified by “ALL SEASON” and/or “M+S” (Mud & Snow) on the tire sidewall.
! Summer tires Summer tires are high-speed capability tires best suited for highway driving under dry conditions. Summer tires are inadequate for driving on slippery roads such as on snow- covered or icy roads. If you drive your vehicle on snow-covered or icy roads, we strongly recommend the use of winter (snow) tires. When installing winter tires, be sure to replace all four tires.
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11-24 Maintenance and service
! Winter (snow) tires Winter tires are best suited for driving on snow-covered and icy roads. However winter tires do not perform as well as summer tires and all season tires on roads other than snow-covered and icy roads.
& Tire pressure monitoring
system (TPMS) (if equipped) The tire pressure monitoring system pro- vides the driver with a warning message by sending a signal from a sensor that is installed in each wheel when tire pressure is severely low. The tire pressure monitor- ing system will activate only when the vehicle is driven. Also, this system may not react immediately to a sudden drop in tire pressure (for example, a blow-out caused by running over a sharp object).
If you adjust the tire pressures in a warm garage and will then drive the vehicle in cold outside air, the resulting drop in tire pressures may cause the low tire pressure warning light to illuminate. To avoid this problem when adjusting the tire pressures in a warm garage, inflate the tires to pressures higher than those shown on the tire placard. Specifically, inflate them by an extra 1 psi (6.9 kPa, 0.07 kgf/cm2) for every difference of 108F (5.68C) between the temperature in the garage and the
temperature outside. By way of example, the following table shows the required tire pressures that correspond to various out- side temperatures when the temperature in the garage is 608F (15.68C). Example: Ti r e s i z e : P 2 0 5 / 5 5 R 1 6 8 9 V a n d P205/50R17 88V Standard tire pressures: Front: 33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2) Rear: 32 psi (220 kPa, 2.2 kgf/cm2) Garage temperature: 608F (15.68C)
Outside
temperature
Adjusted pressure [psi (kPa, kgf/cm2)]
Front
Rear
308F (−18C)
36 (250, 2.5)
35 (240, 2.4)
108F (−128C)
38
37
(265, 2.65)
(255, 2.55)
−108F (−238C) 40 (280, 2.8)
39 (270, 2.7)
If the low tire pressure warning light illuminates when you drive the vehicle in cold outside air after adjusting the tire pressures in a warm garage, re-adjust the tire pressures using the method described above. Then, increase the vehicle speed to at least 20 mph (32 km/h) and check to see that the low tire pressure warning light turns off a few minutes later. If the low tire pressure warning light does not turn off,
the tire pressure monitoring system may not be functioning normally. In this event, go to a SUBARU dealer to have the system inspected as soon as possible.
While the vehicle is driven, friction be- tween tires and the road surface causes the tires to warm up. After illumination of the low tire pressure warning light, any increase in the tire pressures caused by an increase in the outside air temperature or by an increase in the temperature in the tires can cause the low tire pressure warning light to turn off.
System resetting is necessary when the wheels are changed (for example, a switch to snow tires) and new TPMS valves are installed on the newly fitted wheels. Have this work performed by a SUBARU dealer following wheel replace- ment.
It may not be possible to install TPMS valves on certain wheels that are on the market. Therefore, if you change the wheels (for example, a switch to snow tires), use wheels that have the same part number as the standard-equipment wheels. Without four operational TPMS valve/sensors on the wheels, the TPMS will not fully function and the warning light on the combination meter will illuminate steadily after blinking for approximately
one minute.
When a tire is replaced, adjustments are necessary to ensure continued normal operation of the tire pressure monitoring system. As with wheel replacement, there- fore, you should have the work performed by a SUBARU dealer.
WARNING
If the low tire pressure warning light does not illuminate briefly after the ignition switch is turned ON or the light illuminates steadily after blink- ing for approximately one minute, you should have your Tire Pressure Monitoring System checked at a SUBARU dealer as soon as possi- ble.
If this light illuminates while driving, never brake suddenly and keep driving straight ahead while gradu- ally reducing speed. Then slowly pull off the road to a safe place. Otherwise an accident involving serious vehicle damage and serious personal injury could occur.
this light still
If illuminates while driving after adjusting the tire pres- sure, a tire may have significant damage and a fast leak that causes the tire to lose air rapidly. If you have
a flat tire, replace it with a spare tire as soon as possible.
When a spare tire is mounted or a wheel rim is replaced without the original pressure sensor/transmitter being transferred, the low tire pres- sure warning light will illuminate steadily after blinking for approxi- mately one minute. This indicates the TPMS is unable to monitor all four road wheels. Contact your SUBARU dealer as soon as possible for tire and sensor replacement and/ or system resetting. the light illuminates steadily after blinking for approximately one minute, promptly contact a SUBARU dealer to have the system inspected.
If
& Tire inspection Check on a daily basis that the tires are free from serious damage, nails, and stones. At the same time, check the tires for abnormal wear. Contact your SUBARU dealer ately if you find any problem.
immedi-
NOTE . When the wheels and tires strike curbs or are subjected to harsh treat- ment as when the vehicle is driven on a
Maintenance and service 11-25
rough surface, they can suffer damage that cannot be seen with the naked eye. This type of damage does not become evident until time has passed. Try not to drive over curbs, potholes or on other rough surfaces. If doing so is unavoidable, keep the vehicle’s speed down to a walking pace or less, and approach the curbs as squarely as possible. Also, make sure the tires are not pressed against the curb when you park the vehicle. . If you feel unusual vibration while driving or find it difficult to steer the vehicle in a straight line, one of the tires and/or wheels may be damaged. Drive slowly to the nearest authorized SUBARU dealer and have the vehicle inspected.
& Tire pressures and wear Maintaining the correct tire pressures helps to maximize the tires’ service lives and is essential for good running perfor- mance. Check and, if necessary, adjust the pressure of each tire (including the spare) at least once a month (for example, during a fuel stop) and before any long journey.
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. Correct evenly)
tire pressure (tread worn
NOTE . The air pressure in a tire increases by approximately 4.3 psi (30 kPa, 0.3
kgf/cm2) when the tire becomes warm. . The tires are considered cold when the vehicle has been parked for at least three hours or has been driven less than one mile (1.6 km).WARNING
Do not let air out of warm tires to adjust pressure. Doing so will result in low tire pressure.
Incorrect tire pressures detract from con- trollability and ride comfort, and they cause the tires to wear abnormally.
Roadholding is good, and steering is responsive. Rolling resistance is low, so fuel consumption is also lower.
11-26 Maintenance and service
Check the tire pressures when the tires are cold. Use a pressure gauge to adjust the tire pressures to the values shown on the tire placard. The tire placard is located on the door pillar on the driver’s side.
Driving even a short distance warms up the tires and increases the tire pressures. Also, the tire pressures are affected by the outside temperature. It is best to check tire pressure outdoors before driving the vehicle.
When a tire becomes warm, the air inside it expands, causing the tire pressure to increase. Be careful not to mistakenly release air from a warm tire to reduce its pressure.
. Abnormally low tire pressure (tread worn at shoulders)
. Abnormally high tire pressure (tread worn in center)
Rolling resistance is high, so fuel con- sumption is also higher.
is poor. Also,
the tire Ride comfort magnifies the effects of road-surface bumps and dips, possibly resulting in vehicle damage.
If the tire placard shows tire pressures for the vehicle when fully loaded, adjust the tire pressures to the values that match current loading conditions.
WARNING
Driving at high speeds with exces- sively low tire pressures can cause the tires to deform severely and to rapidly become hot. A sharp in- crease in temperature could cause tread separation, and destruction of
Maintenance and service 11-27
the tires. The resulting loss of vehicle control could lead to an accident.
& Wheel balance Each wheel was correctly balanced when your vehicle was new, but the wheels will become unbalanced as the tires become worn during use. Wheel imbalance causes the steering wheel to vibrate slightly at certain vehicle speeds and detracts from the vehicle’s straight-line stability. It can also cause steering and suspension sys- tem problems and abnormal tire wear. If you suspect the wheels are not correctly balanced, have them checked and adjusted by your SUBARU dealer. Also have them adjusted after tire repairs and after tire rotation.
that
CAUTION
Loss of correct wheel alignment causes the tires to wear on one side and reduces the vehicle’s running stability. Contact your SUBARU dealer if you notice abnormal tire wear.
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11-28 Maintenance and service
NOTE The suspension system is designed to hold each wheel at a certain alignment (relative to the other wheels and to the road) for optimum straight-line stability and cornering performance.
& Wear indicators
1) New tread 2) Worn tread 3)
Tread wear indicator
Each tire incorporates a tread wear indicator, which becomes visible when the depth of the tread grooves decreases to 0.063 in (1.6 mm). A tire must be replaced when the tread wear indicator appears as a solid band across the tread.
WARNING
& Tire rotation direction mark
When a tire’s tread wear indicator becomes visible, the tire is worn beyond the acceptable limit and must be replaced immediately. With a tire in this condition, driving at high speeds in wet weather can cause the vehicle to hydroplane. The resulting loss of vehicle control can lead to an accident.
NOTE For safety, inspect tire tread regularly and replace the tires before their tread wear indicators become visible.
Example of tire rotation direction mark 1)
Front
the tire has the rotation direction the tire rotation direction
If specification, mark is placed on its sidewall.
When you install a tire that has the tire rotation direction mark, install the tire with the direction mark facing forward.
& Tire rotation
Maintenance and service 11-29
Tire wear varies from wheel to wheel. To maximize the life of each tire and ensure that the tires wear uniformly, it is best to rotate the tires every 7,500 miles (12,000
km). Move the tires to the positions shown in the illustration each time they are rotated.Using tires of a non-specified size detracts from controllability, ride comfort, braking performance, speedometer accuracy and odometer accuracy. It also creates incor- rect body-to-tire clearances and inappro- priately changes the vehicle’s ground clearance.
the time of
Replace any damaged or unevenly worn tires at tire rotation, adjust the tires pressures and make sure the wheel nuts are correctly tightened.
rotation. After
Vehicles equipped with 4 non-unidirec- tional tires 1)
Front
Vehicles equipped with unidirectional tires 1)
Front
After driving approximately 600 miles (1,000 km), check the wheel nuts again and retighten any nut that has become loose.
& Tire replacement The wheels and tires are important and integral parts of your vehicle’s design; they cannot be changed arbitrarily. The tires fitted as standard equipment are optimally matched to the characteristics of the vehicle and were selected to give the best possible combination of running performance, ride comfort, and service life. It is essential for every tire to have a size and construction matching those shown on the tire placard and to have a speed symbol and load index matching those shown on the tire placard.
All four tires must be the same in terms of manufacturer, brand (tread pattern), con- struction, and size. You are advised to replace the tires with new ones that are identical to those fitted as standard equip- ment.
For safe vehicle operation, SUBARU recommends replacing all tires at the same time.
four
WARNING
. When replacing a tire, you must use a tire that is of the same size, circumference, construction, brand (tread pattern), speed sym- bol and load index as the original tires listed on the tire placard. Using tires of other sizes, cir- cumferences or constructions may result in severe mechanical damage to the drive train of your vehicle and may affect ride, handling, braking, speedometer/ odometer calibration, and clear-
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from SUBARU dealers.
Aluminum wheels
WARNING
Use only those wheels that are specified for your vehicle. Wheels not meeting specifications could interfere with brake caliper opera- tion and may cause the tires to rub against the wheel well housing dur- ing turns. The resulting loss of vehicle control could lead to an accident.
NOTE When any of the wheels are removed and replaced for tire rotation or to change a flat tire, always check the tightness of the wheel nuts after driv- ing approximately 600 miles (1,000 km). If any nut is loose, tighten it to the specified torque.
Aluminum wheels can be scratched and damaged easily. Handle them carefully to maintain their appearance, performance, and safety. . When any of the wheels are removed and replaced for tire rotation or to change a flat tire, always check the tightness of the wheel nuts after driving approximately 600 miles (1,000 km). If any nut is loose, tighten it to the specified torque. . Never apply oil to the threaded parts, wheel nuts, or the wheel. . Never let the wheel rub against sharp protrusions or curbs. . When wheel nuts, balance weights, or the center cap is replaced, be sure to replace them with genuine SUBARU parts designed for aluminum wheels.
tapered surface of
11-30 Maintenance and service
ance between the body and tires. It also may be dangerous and lead to loss of vehicle control.
. You must install four tires that are of the same size, circumference, construction, manufacturer, brand (tread pattern), degree of wear, speed symbol and load index. Mixing tires of different types, sizes or degrees of wear can result in damage to the vehicle’s power train. Use of different types or sizes of tires can also dangerously reduce controllability and braking per- formance and can lead to an accident.
. Use only radial tires. Do not use radial tires together with belted bias tires and/or bias-ply tires. Doing so can dangerously re- duce controllability, resulting in an accident.
& Wheel replacement When replacing wheels due, for example, to damage, make sure the replacement wheels match the specifications of the wheels that are fitted as standard equip- ment. Replacement wheels are available
Windshield washer fluid
Washer fluid level gauge
If you spray washer fluid on the windshield but the supply of washer fluid appears to diminish, check the level of washer fluid in the tank.
Remove the washer tank filler cap, then check the fluid level indicated by the level gauge (attached to the inside of the cap). If the level is near the “Low” mark, add fluid until it reaches the “Hi” level on the
Maintenance and service 11-31
level gauge or the “FULL” mark on the tank. Use windshield washer fluid. If windshield washer fluid is unavailable use clean water. In areas where water freezes in winter, use an anti-freeze type windshield washer fluid. SUBARU Windshield Washer Fluid contains 58.5% methyl alcohol and 41.5% surfactant, by volume. Its freezing tem- perature varies according to how much it is diluted, as indicated in the following table.
Washer Fluid Concentration
30%
50%
100%
Freezing
Temperature
10.48F (−128C)
−48F (−208C)
−498F (−458C)
CAUTION
Never use engine coolant as washer fluid because it could cause paint damage.
In order to prevent freezing of washer fluid, check the freezing temperatures in the table above when adjusting the fluid concentration to the outside temperature. If you fill the reservoir tank with a fluid with
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carefully return the wiper arms on the windshield by hand. You should not return the wiper arms to the windshield only by the return spring. Otherwise, the wi- per arms may be deformed and/ or the windshield surface may be scratched.
If you cannot eliminate the streaking even after following this method, replace the wiper blades using the following proce- dures.
11-32 Maintenance and service
a different concentration from the one used previously, purge the old fluid from the piping between the reservoir tank and washer nozzles by operating the washer for a certain period of time. Otherwise, if the concentration of the fluid remaining in the piping is too low for the outside temperature, it may freeze and block the nozzles.
CAUTION
. Adjust the washer fluid concen- tration appropriately for the out- side temperature. If the concen- tration is inappropriate, sprayed washer fluid may freeze on the windshield and obstruct your view, and the fluid may freeze in the reservoir tank.
. State or local regulations on volatile organic compounds may restrict the use of methanol, a common windshield washer anti- freeze additive. Washer fluids containing non-methanol anti- freeze agents should be used only if they provide cold weather protection without damaging your vehicle’s paint, wiper blades or washer system.
Replacement of wiper blades
Grease, wax, insects, or other material on the windshield or the wiper blade results in jerky wiper operation and streaking on the glass. If you cannot remove the streaks after operating the windshield washer or if the wiper operation is jerky, clean the outer surface of the windshield (or rear window) and the wiper blades using a sponge or soft cloth with a neutral detergent or mild-abrasive cleaner. After cleaning, rinse the windshield and wiper blades with clean water. The windshield is clean if beads do not form when you rinse the windshield with water.
CAUTION
. Do not clean the wiper blades with gasoline or a solvent, such as paint thinner or benzine. This will cause deterioration of the wiper blades.
. While removing the wiper blades from the wiper arms, do not return the wiper arms to the original positions. Otherwise, the windshield surface may be scratched.
. When returning the raised wiper arms to the original positions,
& Windshield wiper blade as-
! Type B
sembly
! Type A
1. Raise the wiper arm off the windshield.
1. Raise the wiper arm off the windshield.
1) Stopper
2. Remove the wiper blade assembly by holding its pivot area and pushing it in the direction shown by the arrow while de- pressing the wiper blade stopper. Install the wiper blade assembly to the 3. wiper arm. Make sure that it locks in place. 4. Hold the wiper arm by hand and slowly lower it in position.
1) Open the cover 2) Pull down the wiper blade
2. Remove the wiper blade assembly by opening the cover and pulling it down in the direction shown in the illustration. 3. Install the wiper blade assembly to the wiper arm. Make sure that it locks in place. 4. Hold the wiper arm by hand and slowly lower it in position.
Maintenance and service 11-33
& Windshield wiper blade rub-
ber (type A and type B)
NOTE The following illustrations show the replacement procedures of the blade rubber for a type A wiper blade assem- bly, however the replacement proce- dures are the same for a type B wiper blade assembly.
1) Metal support
1. Grasp the locked end of the blade rubber assembly and pull it firmly until the stoppers on the rubber are free of the metal support.
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11-34 Maintenance and service
with the grooves in the rubber and slide the blade rubber assembly into the metal support until it locks.
& Rear window wiper blade assembly (5-door models)
1. Raise the wiper arm off window.
the rear
1) Metal spines
2. If the new blade rubber is not provided with two metal spines, remove the metal spines from the old blade rubber and install them in the new blade rubber.
3. Align the claws of the metal support
1) Stopper
4. Be sure to position the claws at the end of the metal support between the stoppers on the rubber as shown. If the rubber is not retained properly, the wiper blade may scratch the windshield.
NOTE The illustration shows the replacement procedure for type A rubber wiper blades, however the replacement pro- cedure is the same for type B. Perform the replacement of type B wiper blades following the procedure in this section.
2. Turn the wiper blade assembly coun- terclockwise.
& Rear window wiper blade
rubber (5-door models)
2. Pull the blade rubber assembly out of the plastic support.
Maintenance and service 11-35
3. Pull the wiper blade assembly toward you to remove it from the wiper arm. 4. Install the wiper blade assembly to the wiper arm. Make sure that it locks in place. 5. Hold the wiper arm by hand and slowly lower it in position.
1. Pull out the end of the blade rubber assembly to unlock it from the plastic support.
1) Metal spines
3. If the new blade rubber is not provided with two metal spines, remove the metal spines from the old blade rubber and install them in the new blade rubber.
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11-36 Maintenance and service
ends. If the rubber is not retained properly, the wiper may scratch the rear window glass. 5. Install the wiper blade assembly to the wiper arm. Make sure that it locks in place. 6. Hold the wiper arm by hand and slowly lower it in position.
4. Align the claws of the plastic support with the grooves in the blade rubber assembly, then slide the blade rubber assembly into place.
Securely retain both ends of the rubber with the stoppers on the plastic support
Battery
WARNING
. Before beginning work on or near any battery, be sure to extinguish all cigarettes, matches, and light- ers. Never expose a battery to an open flame or electric sparks. Batteries give off a gas which is highly flammable and explosive.
. For safety, in case an explosion does occur, wear eye protection or shield your eyes when work- ing near any battery. Never lean over a battery.
. Do not let battery fluid contact eyes, skin, fabrics, or paint be- cause battery fluid is a corrosive acid. If battery fluid gets on your skin or in your eyes, immediately flush the area with water thor- oughly. Seek medical help imme- diately if acid has entered the eyes.
If battery fluid is accidentally swallowed, immediately drink a large amount of milk or water, and seek medical attention im- mediately.
. To lessen the risk of sparks,
remove rings, metal watchbands, and other metal jewelry. Never allow metal tools to contact the positive battery terminal and any- thing connected to it WHILE you are at the same time in contact with any other metallic portion of the vehicle because a short cir- cuit will result.
. Keep everyone including children
away from the battery.
. Charge the battery in a well-
ventilated area.
. Battery posts, terminals and re- lated accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Batteries also contain other chemicals known to the State of California to cause can- cer. Washhandsafterhandling.
1) Cap 2) Upper level Lower level 3)
It is unnecessary to periodically check the battery fluid level or periodically refill with distilled water. However, if the battery fluid level is below the lower level, remove the cap. Fill to the upper level with distilled water.
CAUTION
Never use more than 10 amperes when charging the battery because it will shorten battery life.
Maintenance and service 11-37
Fuses
CAUTION
Never replace a fuse with one hav- ing a higher rating or with material other than a fuse because serious damage or a fire could result.
The fuses are designed to melt during an overload to prevent damage to the wiring harness and electrical equipment. The fuses are located in two fuse boxes.
One is located under the instrument panel behind the fuse box cover on the driver’s seat side. To remove the cover, pull it out.
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11-38 Maintenance and service
corresponding fuse. If a fuse has blown, replace it. 1. Turn the ignition switch to the “LOCK” position and turn off all electrical acces- sories. 2. Remove the cover. 3. Determine which fuse may be blown. Look at the back side of each fuse box cover and refer to “Fuses and circuits” F12-10.
The other one (main fuse box) is housed in the engine compartment.
The fuse puller is stored in the main fuse box in the engine compartment.
The spare fuses are stored in the main fuse box cover in the engine compart- ment.
1) Good 2) Blown
If any lights, accessories or other electrical controls do not operate, the
inspect
If
Inspect
the fuse.
4. Pull out the fuse with the fuse puller. 5. it has blown, replace it with a spare fuse of the same rating. 6. this indicates that its system has a problem. Contact your SUBARU dealer for repairs.
the same fuse blows again,
If
Installation of accessories
Replacing bulbs
Always consult your SUBARU dealer before installing fog lights or any other electrical equipment in your vehicle. Such accessories may cause the electronic system to malfunction if they are incor- rectly installed or if they are not suited for the vehicle.
WARNING
Bulbs may become very hot while illuminated. Before replacing bulbs, turn off the lights and wait until the bulbs cool down. Otherwise, there is a risk of sustaining a burn injury.
CAUTION
Replace any bulb only with a new bulb of the specified wattage. Using a bulb of different wattage could result in a fire. For the specified wattage of each bulb, refer to “Bulb chart” F12-14.
& Headlights (models with HID
headlights)
WARNING
High-intensity-discharge (HID) bulbs are used for the low beams of the headlights. These HID bulbs use an extremely high voltage. To avoid the risk of an electric shock that could result in serious injury, observe the
Maintenance and service 11-39
following precautions.
. Do not replace any headlight bulbs (both low beam and high beam) by yourself.
. Do not remove/restore the head-
light assemblies by yourself.
. Do not remove any headlight- assembly components by your- self.
replacement, contact your
For SUBARU dealer.
& Headlights (models without
HID headlights)
CAUTION
Halogen headlight bulbs become very hot while in use. If you touch the bulb surface with bare hands or greasy gloves, fingerprints or grease on the bulb surface will develop into hot spots, causing the bulb to break. there are finger prints or grease on the bulb surface, wipe them away with a soft cloth moistened with alcohol.
If
– CONTINUED –
11-40 Maintenance and service
NOTE . If headlight aiming is required, con- sult your SUBARU dealer for proper adjustment of the headlight aim. to replace the . It may be difficult bulbs. Have the bulbs replaced by your SUBARU dealer if necessary.
! Low beam light bulbs
Right-hand side
1. Use a screwdriver to undo the clips on the air intake duct, then remove the air intake duct (right-hand side).
Left-hand side
to remove the 2. Use a screwdriver secured clip of the washer tank. To make it easy to access the bulb, move the washer tank to the horizontal direction (left-hand side).
3. Remove the bulb cover, by turning it counterclockwise.
4. Disconnect from the bulb.
the electrical connector
! High beam light bulbs
Maintenance and service 11-41
2. Use a screwdriver to remove the secured clip of the washer tank. To make it easy to access the bulb, move the washer tank to the horizontal direction (left-hand side).
Right-hand side
1. Use a screwdriver to undo the clips on the air intake duct, then remove the air intake duct (right-hand side).
3. Disconnect from the bulb.
the electrical connector
Left-hand side
– CONTINUED –
the bulb to the headlight
5. Remove the bulb from the headlight assembly by turning it counterclockwise. 6. Replace the bulb with a new one. At this time, do not touch the bulb surface. 7. To install assembly, turn it clockwise until it clicks. 8. Reconnect the electrical connector. 9. 10. Install (right-hand side). the washer tank to the original 11. Set place and secure it by clip (left-hand side).
the air intake duct with clips
Install the bulb cover.
11-42 Maintenance and service
4. Remove the bulb from the headlight assembly by turning it counterclockwise. 5. Replace the bulb with new one. At this time, use care not to touch the bulb surface. 6. To install assembly, turn it clockwise until it clicks. 7. Reconnect the electrical connector. 8. (right-hand side). the washer tank to the original 9. Set place and secure it by clip (left-hand side).
the air intake duct with clips
the bulb to the headlight
Install
& Front turn signal light It may be difficult to replace the bulbs. Have the bulbs replaced by your SUBARU dealer if necessary.
& Front fog light (if equipped) NOTE It may be difficult to replace the bulbs. Have the bulbs replaced by your SUBARU dealer if necessary.
Type B
1. Remove the clips.
Type A
2. Turn over the mud guard. 3. Disconnect the electrical connector.
& Rear combination lights
! 4-door models
Maintenance and service 11-43
1) View from driver’s left-hand side 2) View from driver’s right-hand side
4. Remove the bulb. 5. Replace the bulb with a new one. 6. After replacing the bulb, reattach the mud guard.
1. Remove the clip from the rear trunk trim with a screwdriver. 2. Open the rear portion of the side trunk trim panel.
1) Stop light/Tail and rear side marker light 2) Rear turn signal light 3) Backup light
3. Remove the bulb socket from the rear combination light assembly by turning it counterclockwise. 4. Pull the bulb out of the bulb socket and replace it with a new one. 5. Set into the rear the bulb socket combination light assembly and turn it clockwise until it locks. 6. Secure the rear trunk trim panel with the clips.
– CONTINUED –
11-44 Maintenance and service
! 5-door models
vehicle.
1. Using a Phillips screwdriver, remove the upper and lower screws that secure the rear combination light assembly.
1) Rear side marker light 2) Rear turn signal light
3. Remove the bulb socket from the rear combination light assembly by turning it counterclockwise. 4. Pull the bulb out of the bulb socket and replace it with a new one. 5. Set into the rear the bulb socket combination light assembly and turn it clockwise until it locks.
6. Put the rear combination light assem- bly into place while aligning the clip with the guide on the vehicle.
2. Slide the rear combination light as- sembly rearward and remove it from the
7. Tighten the upper and lower screws.
& Backup light (5-door)
2. Turn the bulb socket counterclockwise and remove it.
& License plate light
Maintenance and service 11-45
1. Apply a flat-head screwdriver to the light cover as shown in the illustration, and pry the light cover off from the rear gate trim.
3. Pull the bulb out of the bulb socket and replace it with a new one. 4. Install clockwise. 5.
Install the light cover on the rear gate.
the bulb socket by turning it
1. Insert a finger into the right side of the license plate light cover, then press once to the left and pull out to remove the cover.
2. Turn the bulb socket counterclockwise
– CONTINUED –
11-46 Maintenance and service
and pull out the socket. 3. Pull the bulb out of the socket. 4. 5. Reinstall the license plate light cover.
Install a new bulb.
& Map light
! Type A
1. Remove the lens by prying the edge of the lens with a flat-head screwdriver.
! Type B
2. Turn the bulb until the flat surfaces at its ends are aligned vertically. Pull the bulb straight downward to remove it. 3. Install a new bulb. 4. Reinstall the lens.
1. Remove the lens by prying the edge of the lens with a flat-head screwdriver. 2. Pull the bulb out of the socket. 3. Install a new bulb. 4. Reinstall the lens.
& Dome light and cargo area
light
the lens with a flat-head screwdriver. 2. Pull the bulb out of the socket. 3. Install a new bulb. 4. Reinstall the lens.
& Trunk light
Maintenance and service 11-47
& High-mounted stop light (4-
door)
Dome light
Cargo area light
1. Remove the lens by prying the edge of
1. Remove the cover by squeezing its sides and pulling it. 2. Pull the bulb out of the socket. 3. Install a new bulb. 4. Reinstall the cover.
1. Remove the light cover by prying the edge with a screwdriver. 2. Remove the bulb socket from the mount assembly by turning it counter- clockwise. 3. Pull the bulb out of the socket. 4. Install a new bulb. 5. Reinstall the cover.
& Other bulbs It may be difficult to replace the bulbs. Have the bulbs replaced by your SUBARU dealer if necessary.
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Specifications
Specifications ..................................................... 12-2
Dimensions........................................................ 12-2
Engine ............................................................... 12-3
Electrical system................................................ 12-3
Fuel ................................................................... 12-4
Lubricants.......................................................... 12-5
Fluids ................................................................ 12-7
Engine coolant ................................................... 12-8Tires..................................................................
Fuses and circuits ...........................................
12-9
12-10Fuse panel located in the passenger
compartment .................................................
12-10
Fuse panel located in the engine
compartment ................................................. Bulb chart......................................................... Vehicle identification .......................................
12-12
12-14
12-1712
12-2 Specifications
Specifications
These specifications are subject to change without notice.
& Dimensions
Overall length
Overall width
Overall height
Wheel base
Tread
Item
Front
Rear
Ground clearance*1
*1: Measured with vehicle empty
4-door
Turbo models
in (mm)
5-door
Turbo models
Except STI
STI
Except STI
STI
180.3 (4,580)
70.7 (1,795)
173.8 (4,415)
70.7 (1,795)
58.1 (1,475)
57.9 (1,470)
58.1 (1,475)
57.9 (1,470)
103.3 (2,625)
60.2 (1,530)
60.6 (1,540)
103.3 (2,625)
60.2 (1,530)
60.6 (1,540)
6.1 (155)
5.9 (150)
6.1 (155)
5.9 (150)
& Engine
Engine model
Engine type
Displacement cc (cu-in)
Bore 6 Stroke in (mm)
Compression ratio
Firing order
Specifications 12-3
(2.5 L, DOHC, turbo, except STI)
EJ255
EJ257
(2.5 L, DOHC, turbo, STI)
Horizontally opposed, liquid cooled 4 cylinder, 4-stroke gasoline engine
2,457 (150)
3.9 6 3.1 (99.5 6 79.0)
8.4 : 1
8.2 : 1
1 – 3 – 2 – 4
& Electrical system
Battery type and capacity (5HR)
MT
Alternator
Spark plugs
Turbo models
Turbo models
12V-48AH (55D23L)
12V-110A
SILFR6A (NGK)
– CONTINUED –
12-4 Specifications
& Fuel NOTE The engine is designed to operate using unleaded gasoline.
Model
Except STI
STI
Fuel requirement
91 AKI (95 RON) or higher*1
93 AKI (98 RON) or higher*2Fuel tank capacity
16.9 US gal (64 liters, 14.1 Imp gal)
*1: If unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of 91 AKI (95 RON) is not available, unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of 87 AKI (90 RON) or higher may be temporarily used. For details, refer to “Fuel” F7-3. *2: If unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of 93 AKI (98 RON) is not available, unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of 91 AKI (95 RON) may be used with no detriment to engine durability or driveability. For details, refer to “Fuel” F7-3.
& Lubricants NOTE Each quantity indicated here is only a guideline. The necessary quantity for replacement may differ slightly depending on the temperature and other factors.
! Engine oil For checking, adding and replacing procedure, or other details, refer to “Engine oil” F11-8.
Specifications 12-5
Oil grade
or
SAE viscosity No. and applicable temperature
5W-30 synthetic oil is the required oil for optimum engine performance and pro- tection. Conventional oil may be used if synthetic oil is unavailable.
*: 10W-30, 10W-40, 5W-30 or 5W-40
conventional oil may be used if replen- ishment is needed but should be changed to 5W-30 synthetic oil at the next oil change.Engine oil capacity
· When adding the oil from
L to F level: 1.1 US qt (1.0 liter, 0.9
Imp qt)· When changing the oil
and oil filter: - Except STI: 4.4 US qt (4.2 liters, 3.7
Imp qt) - STI: 4.5 US qt (4.3 liters, 3.8
Imp qt)API classification SM or SN with the words “ENERGY CONSERVING” or “RESOURCE CONSERVING”
ILSAC GF-4 or GF-5, which can be identified with the ILSAC certification mark (Starburst mark)
– CONTINUED –
12-6 Specifications
! Manual transmission and rear differential gear oil
Oil grade
SAE viscosity No. and applicable temperature
Applied part and model
Oil capacity
API classification GL-5
5-speed
3.7 US qt (3.5 liters, 3.1 Imp qt)
Manual transmission
6-speed
4.3 US qt (4.1 liters, 3.6 Imp qt)
Rear differential
STI
1.1 US qt (1.0 liter, 0.9 Imp qt)
Others
0.8 US qt (0.8 liter, 0.7 Imp qt)
For the checking procedures or other details, refer to “Manual transmission oil” F11-15 or “Rear differential gear oil” F11-16.
Specifications 12-7
& Fluids NOTE Each quantity indicated here is only a guideline. The necessary quantity for replacement may differ slightly depending on the temperature and other factors.
Fluid
Fluid type
Fluid capacity
Power steering fluid
Brake fluid
Clutch fluid
· SUBARU ATF · “Dexron III” Type Automatic Transmission Fluid
0.7 US qt (0.7 liter, 0.6 Imp qt)
· Genuine SUBARU brake fluid · FMVSS No. 116, fresh DOT 3 or DOT 4 brake fluid
–
–
For the checking procedures or other details, refer to “Power steering fluid” F11-17, “Brake fluid” F11-18 or “Clutch fluid” F11-19.
– CONTINUED –
12-8 Specifications
& Engine coolant NOTE Each quantity indicated here is only a guideline. The necessary quantity for replacement may differ slightly depending on the temperature and other factors.
Model
Coolant capacity
Coolant type
Turbo models
Except STI
7.8 US qt (7.4 liters, 6.5 Imp qt)
STI
8.1 US qt (7.7 liters, 6.8 Imp qt)
SUBARU Super Coolant
For the checking, adding and replacing procedure, or other details, refer to “Cooling system” F11-11.
& Tires
Tire size
Wheel size
Pressure
Temporary spare tire
Wheel nut tightening torque
Front
Rear
Size
Pressure
Specifications 12-9
235/45R17
17 6 8 J
245/40R18
18 6 81/2 J33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2) 32 psi (220 kPa, 2.2 kgf/cm2)
T135/70 D17
60 psi (420 kPa, 4.2 kgf/cm2)
72 lbf·ft (100 N·m, 10 kgf·m)*
*: This torque is equivalent to applying approximately 88 to 110 lbf (40 to 50 kgf) at the edge of the wheel nut wrench. If you have tightened the wheel nuts by yourself, have the tightening torque checked at the nearest automotive service facility as soon as possible.
12-10 Specifications
Fuses and circuits
& Fuse panel located in the passenger compartment
Fuse panel
10
11
12
13
14
Fuse rating
Empty
Empty
15A
10A
10A
Circuit
. Door locking
Front wiper deicer relay
. Combination meter . Clock
7.5A
. Remote
control
rear
15A
20A
15A
7.5A
7.5A
15A
20A
15A
view mirrors
. Seat heater relay
. Combination meter
Integrated unit
. Stop light
Front wiper deicer
. Power supply (battery)
Turn signal unit
. Engine control unit
Integrated unit
. Accessory power outlet
(center console)
Front side marker light Tail light
. Rear combination light
15
Empty
Specifications 12-11
Fuse panel
32
33
Fuse rating
Empty
Circuit
7.5A
. ABS/Vehicle Dynamics
Control unit
Fuse panel
Fuse rating
Circuit
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Illumination
. Seat heaters
. Backup light
10A
15A
10A
Empty
10A
7.5A
15A
15A
