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vehicle towed from the rear.
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1. Put the front wheels on a dolly. 2. Put the gear shift lever in PARK (P). 3. Set the parking brake and then remove the
ignition key.
4. Clamp the steering wheel in a straight-ahead
position.
5. Release the parking brake.
Towing a Trailer
{CAUTION:
If you do not use the correct equipment and drive properly, you can lose control when you pull a trailer. For example, if the trailer is too heavy, the brakes may not work well — or even at all. You and your passengers could be seriously injured. You may also damage your vehicle; the resulting repairs would not be covered by your warranty. Pull a trailer only if you have followed all the steps in this section. Ask your dealer/retailer for advice and information about towing a trailer with your vehicle.
Notice: Pulling a trailer improperly can damage your vehicle and result in costly repairs not covered by your warranty. To pull a trailer correctly, follow the advice in this part and see your dealer/retailer for important information about towing a trailer with your vehicle.
Your vehicle can tow a trailer if it is equipped with the proper trailer towing equipment. To identify the trailering capacity of your vehicle, you should read the information in “Weight of the Trailer†that appears later in this section. Trailering is different than just driving your vehicle by itself. Trailering means changes in handling, durability and fuel economy. Successful, safe trailering takes correct equipment, and it has to be used properly. That’s the reason for this part. In it are many time-tested, important trailering tips and safety rules. Many of these are important for your safety and that of your passengers. So please read this section carefully before you pull a trailer. Load-pulling components such as the engine, transmission, rear axle, wheel assemblies and tires are forced to work harder against the drag of the added weight. The engine is required to operate at relatively higher speeds and under greater loads, generating extra heat. What’s more, the trailer adds considerably to wind resistance, increasing the pulling requirements.
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If You Do Decide to Pull a Trailer If you do, here are some important points: (cid:129) There are many different laws, including speed
limit restrictions, having to do with trailering. Make sure your rig will be legal, not only where you live but also where you’ll be driving. A good source for this information can be state or provincial police.
(cid:129) Consider using a sway control. You can ask a
hitch retailer about sway controls.
(cid:129) Don’t tow a trailer at all during the ï¬rst 1000 miles (1600 km) your new vehicle is driven. Your engine, axle or other parts could be damaged. The repairs would not be covered by your warranty.
(cid:129) Then, during the ï¬rst 500 miles (805 km) that
you tow a trailer, don’t drive over 50 mph (80 km/h) and don’t make starts at full throttle. This helps your engine and other parts of your vehicle wear in at the heavier loads.
(cid:129) Obey speed limit restrictions when towing a trailer. Don’t drive faster than the maximum posted speed for trailers, or no more than 55 mph (90 km/h), to save wear on your vehicle’s parts.
(cid:129) Don’t tow a trailer when the outside temperature is above 100°F (38°C).
Three important considerations have to do with weight:
the weight of the trailer, the weight of the trailer tongue and the total weight on your vehicle’s tires.
Weight of the Trailer How heavy can a trailer safely be? It should never weigh more than 1,000 lbs (454 kg). But even that can be too heavy. It depends on how you plan to use your rig. For example, speed, altitude, road grades, outside temperature and how much your vehicle is used to pull a trailer are all important. It can also depend on any special equipment that you have on your
288
(cid:129) (cid:129) (cid:129) vehicle, and the amount of tongue weight the vehicle can carry. See “Weight of the Trailer Tongue†later in this section for more information. Maximum trailer weight is calculated assuming only the driver is in the tow vehicle and it has all the required trailering equipment. The weight of additional optional equipment, passengers and cargo must be subtracted from the maximum trailer weight. You can ask your retailer for trailering information or advice. Weight of the Trailer Tongue The tongue load (A) of any trailer is an important weight to measure because it affects the total or gross weight of your vehicle. The Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) includes the curb weight of the vehicle, any cargo you may carry in it, and the people who will be riding in the vehicle. And if you tow a trailer, you must add the tongue load to the GVW because your vehicle will be carrying that weight, too. See Loading Your Vehicle on page 279 for more information about your vehicle’s maximum load capacity.
If you’re using a weight-carrying hitch, the trailer tongue (A) should weigh 10 percent of the total loaded trailer weight (B). If you’re using a weight-distributing hitch, the trailer tongue (A) should weigh 12 percent of the total loaded trailer weight (B). After you’ve loaded your trailer, weigh the trailer and then the tongue, separately, to see if the weights are proper. If they aren’t, you may be able to get them right simply by moving some items around in the trailer.
289
Total Weight on Your Vehicle’s Tires Be sure your vehicle’s tires are inflated to the upper limit for cold tires. You’ll ï¬nd these numbers on the Tire-Loading Information label. See Loading Your Vehicle on page 279. Then be sure you don’t go over the GVW limit for your vehicle, including the weight of the trailer tongue. Hitches It’s important to have the correct hitch equipment. Crosswinds, large trucks going by and rough roads are a few reasons why you’ll need the right hitch. Here are some rules to follow: (cid:129) The rear bumper on your vehicle is not
intended for hitches. Do not attach rental hitches or other bumper-type hitches to it. Use only a frame-mounted hitch that does not attach to the bumper.
(cid:129) Will you have to make any holes in the body of
your vehicle when you install a trailer hitch? If you do, then be sure to seal the holes later when you remove the hitch. If you don’t seal them, deadly carbon monoxide (CO) from your exhaust can get into your vehicle. See Engine Exhaust on page 130. Dirt and water can, too.
290
Safety Chains You should always attach chains between your vehicle and your trailer. Cross the safety chains under the tongue of the trailer so that the tongue will not drop to the road if it becomes separated from the hitch. Instructions about safety chains may be provided by the hitch manufacturer or by the trailer manufacturer. Follow the manufacturer’s recommendation for attaching safety chains and do not attach them to the bumper. Always leave just enough slack so you can turn with your rig. And, never allow safety chains to drag on the ground. Trailer Brakes If your vehicle has anti-lock brakes, don’t try to tap into your vehicle’s hydraulic brake system. If you do, both brake systems won’t work well, or at all. Be sure to read and follow the instructions for the trailer brakes, so you’ll be able to install, adjust and maintain them properly.
Driving with a Trailer Towing a trailer requires a certain amount of experience. Before setting out for the open road, you’ll want to get to know your rig. Acquaint yourself with the feel of handling and braking with the added weight of the trailer. And always keep in mind that the vehicle you are driving is now a good deal longer and not nearly as responsive as your vehicle is by itself. Before you start, check the trailer hitch and platform (and attachments), safety chains, electrical connector, lamps, tires and mirror adjustment. If the trailer has electric brakes, start your vehicle and trailer moving and then apply the trailer brake controller by hand to be sure the brakes are working. This lets you check your electrical connection at the same time. During your trip, check occasionally to be sure that the load is secure, and that the lamps and any trailer brakes are still working.
Following Distance Stay at least twice as far behind the vehicle ahead as you would when driving your vehicle without a trailer. This can help you avoid situations that require heavy braking and sudden turns. Passing You’ll need more passing distance up ahead when you’re towing a trailer. And, because you’re a good deal longer when towing a trailer, you’ll need to go much farther beyond the passed vehicle before you can return to your lane. Backing Up Hold the bottom of the steering wheel with one hand. Then, to move the trailer to the left, just move that hand to the left. To move the trailer to the right, move your hand to the right. Always back up slowly and, if possible, have someone guide you.
291
Making Turns Notice: Making very sharp turns while trailering could cause the trailer to come in contact with the vehicle. Your vehicle could be damaged. Avoid making very sharp turns while trailering. When you’re turning with a trailer, make wider turns than normal. Do this so your trailer won’t strike soft shoulders, curbs, road signs, trees or other objects. Avoid jerky or sudden maneuvers. Signal well in advance. Turn Signals When Towing a Trailer When you tow a trailer, your vehicle may need a different turn signal flasher and/or extra wiring. See your retailer if you need information. The arrows on your instrument panel will flash whenever you signal a turn or lane change. Properly hooked up, the trailer lamps will also flash, telling other drivers you’re about to turn, change lanes or stop.
When towing a trailer, the arrows on your instrument panel will flash for turns even if the bulbs on the trailer are burned out. Thus, you may think drivers behind you are seeing your signal when they are not. It’s important to check occasionally to be sure the trailer bulbs are still working. Driving on Grades Notice: Do not tow on steep continuous grades exceeding 6 miles (9.6 km). Extended, higher than normal engine and transmission temperatures may result and damage your vehicle. Frequent stops are very important to allow the engine and transmission to cool. Reduce speed and shift to a lower gear before you start down a long or steep downgrade. If you don’t shift down, you might have to use your brakes so much that they would get hot and no longer work well. On a long uphill grade, shift down and reduce your speed to around 45 mph (70 km/h) to reduce the possibility of the engine and the transmission overheating. If your engine does overheat, see Engine Overheating on page 325.
292
Parking on Hills
{CAUTION:
You really should not park your vehicle, with a trailer attached, on a hill. If something goes wrong, your rig could start to move. People can be injured, and both your vehicle and the trailer can be damaged.
But if you ever have to park your rig on a hill, here’s how to do it: 1. Apply your regular brakes, but don’t shift
into PARK (P). When parking uphill, turn your wheels away from the curb. When parking downhill, turn your wheels into the curb.
2. Have someone place chocks behind the trailer
wheels.
3. When the chocks are in place, release the
regular brakes until the chocks absorb the load.
4. Reapply the regular brakes. Then apply your
parking brake and shift into PARK (P).
5. Release the regular brakes. When You Are Ready to Leave After Parking on a Hill 1. Apply your regular brakes and hold the pedal
down while you:
start your engine shift into a gear, and release the parking brake.
2. Let up on the brake pedal. 3. Drive slowly until the trailer is clear of the
chocks.
4. Stop and have someone pick up and store
the chocks.
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(cid:129) (cid:129) (cid:129) Maintenance When Trailer Towing Your vehicle will need service more often when you’re pulling a trailer. See Scheduled Maintenance on page 406 for more information. Things that are especially important in trailer operation are automatic transmission fluid (don’t overï¬ll), engine oil, axle lubricant, drive belt, cooling system and brake system. Each of these is covered in this manual, and the Index will help you ï¬nd them quickly. If you’re trailering, it’s a good idea to review this information before you start your trip. Check periodically to see that all hitch nuts and bolts are tight.
Engine Cooling When Trailer Towing Your cooling system may temporarily overheat during severe operating conditions. See Engine Overheating on page 325. Changing a Tire When Trailer Towing If you get a flat tire while towing a trailer, be sure to secure the trailer and disconnect it from the vehicle before changing the tire.
294
Section 5
Service and Appearance Care
Service ........................................................ 297
Accessories and Modiï¬cations ................... 297
California Proposition 65 Warning .............. 298
Doing Your Own Service Work .................. 298
Adding Equipment to the Outside ofYour Vehicle .......................................... 299
Fuel ............................................................. 299
Gasoline Octane ........................................ 299
Gasoline Speciï¬cations .............................. 300
California Fuel ........................................... 300
Additives ................................................... 300
Fuels in Foreign Countries ........................ 301
Filling the Tank ......................................... 302
Filling a Portable Fuel Container ............... 305
Checking Things Under the Hood .............. 306
Hood Release ........................................... 306
Engine Compartment Overview .................. 308
Engine Oil ................................................. 312
Engine Oil Life System .............................. 315
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter ............................ 317
Automatic Transaxle Fluid(3.5L V6 Engine) .................................... 319
Automatic Transaxle Fluid
(3.6L V6 Engine) .................................... 319
Engine Coolant .......................................... 322
Pressure Cap ............................................ 325
Coolant Surge Tank Pressure Cap ............ 325
Engine Overheating ................................... 325
Overheated Engine ProtectionOperating Mode ..................................... 327
Cooling System ......................................... 328
Power Steering Fluid ................................. 332
Windshield Washer Fluid ........................... 334
Brakes ...................................................... 335
Battery ...................................................... 338
Jump Starting ............................................ 339
Bulb Replacement ....................................... 344
Halogen Bulbs ........................................... 344
Taillamps, Turn Signal, Sidemarker,Stoplamps and Back-up Lamps .............. 344
License Plate Lamp ................................... 346
Replacement Bulbs ................................... 346
Windshield Wiper Blade Replacement ....... 347
Tires ............................................................ 348
Tire Sidewall Labeling ............................... 349
Tire Terminology and Deï¬nitions ............... 353
Inflation - Tire Pressure ............................. 356
Tire Pressure Monitor System ................... 357
295Section 5
Service and Appearance Care
Tire Inspection and Rotation ...................... 362
When It Is Time for New Tires .................. 363
Buying New Tires ...................................... 363
Different Size Tires and Wheels ................ 365
Uniform Tire Quality Grading ..................... 366
Wheel Alignment and Tire Balance ............ 367
Wheel Replacement .................................. 367
Tire Chains ............................................... 369
If a Tire Goes Flat .................................... 369
Changing a Flat Tire ................................. 370
Removing the Spare Tire and Tools .......... 372
Removing the Flat Tire and Installing theSpare Tire ............................................. 374
Storing a Flat or Spare Tire and Tools ...... 379
Compact Spare Tire .................................. 381
Appearance Care ........................................ 382
Cleaning the Inside of Your Vehicle .......... 382
Fabric/Carpet ............................................. 383
Instrument Panel, Vinyl, and OtherPlastic Surfaces ..................................... 384
Care of Safety Belts .................................. 385
Weatherstrips ............................................ 385
Washing Your Vehicle ............................... 385Cleaning Exterior Lamps/Lenses ................ 385
Finish Care ............................................... 386
Windshield and Wiper Blades .................... 386
Aluminum Wheels ...................................... 387
Tires ......................................................... 388
Sheet Metal Damage ................................. 388
Finish Damage .......................................... 388
Underbody Maintenance ............................ 388
Chemical Paint Spotting ............................ 389
Vehicle Care/Appearance Materials ............ 389
Vehicle Identiï¬cation .................................. 390
Vehicle Identiï¬cation Number (VIN) ........... 390
Service Parts Identiï¬cation Label ............... 391
Electrical System ........................................ 391
Add-On Electrical Equipment ..................... 391
Windshield Wiper Fuses ............................ 392
Power Windows and Other PowerOptions .................................................. 392
Fuses ........................................................ 392
Instrument Panel Fuse Block ..................... 393
Engine Compartment Fuse Block ............... 396
Rear Compartment Fuse Block .................. 398
Capacities and Speciï¬cations .................... 401296
Service Your Saturn retailer knows your vehicle best and wants you to be happy with it. We hope you will go to your retailer for all your service needs. You will get genuine Saturn parts and Saturn-trained and supported service people. We hope you will want to keep your Saturn vehicle all Saturn. Genuine Saturn parts have one of these marks.
Accessories and Modiï¬cations When you add non-Saturn accessories to your vehicle they can affect your vehicle’s performance and safety, including such things as, airbags, braking, stability, ride and handling, emissions systems, aerodynamics, durability, and electronic systems like anti-lock brakes, traction control, and stability control. Some of these accessories may even cause malfunction or damage not covered by warranty. Saturn accessories are designed to complement and function with other systems on your vehicle. Your Saturn retailer can accessorize your vehicle using genuine Saturn accessories. When you go to your Saturn retailer and ask for Saturn accessories, you will know that Saturn-trained and supported service technicians will perform the work using genuine Saturn accessories.
297
California Proposition 65 Warning Most motor vehicles, including this one, contain and/or emit chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. Engine exhaust, many parts and systems (including some inside the vehicle), many fluids, and some component wear by-products contain and/or emit these chemicals.
Doing Your Own Service Work
{CAUTION:
You can be injured and your vehicle could be damaged if you try to do service work on a vehicle without knowing enough about it.
(cid:129) Be sure you have sufficient knowledge,
experience, the proper replacement parts, and tools before you attempt any vehicle maintenance task. CAUTION:
(Continued)
CAUTION:
(Continued)
(cid:129) Be sure to use the proper nuts, bolts,
and other fasteners. English and metric fasteners can be easily confused. If you use the wrong fasteners, parts can later break or fall off. You could be hurt.
If you want to do some of your own service work, you should use the proper service manual. It tells you much more about how to service your vehicle than this manual can. To order the proper service manual, see Service Publications Ordering Information on page 435. Your vehicle has an airbag system. Before attempting to do your own service work, see Servicing Your Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 86. You should keep a record with all parts receipts and list the mileage and the date of any service work you perform. See Maintenance Record on page 418.
298
Adding Equipment to the Outside of Your Vehicle Things you might add to the outside of your vehicle can affect the airflow around it. This may cause wind noise and affect windshield washer performance. Check with your retailer before adding equipment to the outside of your vehicle. Fuel Use of the recommended fuel is an important part of the proper maintenance of your vehicle. To help keep the engine clean and maintain optimum vehicle performance, Saturn recommends the use of gasoline advertised as TOP TIER Detergent Gasoline. The 8th digit of the Vehicle Identiï¬cation Number (VIN) shows the code letter or number that identiï¬es your vehicle’s engine. The VIN is at the top left of the instrument panel. See Vehicle Identiï¬cation Number (VIN) on page 390.
Gasoline Octane If your vehicle has the 3.5L V6 engine (VIN Code N), use regular unleaded gasoline with a posted octane rating of 87 or higher. If the octane rating is less than 87, you might notice an audible knocking noise when you drive, commonly referred to as spark knock. If this occurs, use a gasoline rated at 87 octane or higher as soon as possible. If you are using gasoline rated at 87 octane or higher and you hear heavy knocking, the engine needs service. If your vehicle has the 3.6L V6 engine (VIN Code 7), use regular unleaded gasoline with a posted octane rating of 87 or higher. For best performance or trailer towing, you could choose to use middle grade 89 octane unleaded gasoline. If the octane rating is less than 87, you might notice an audible knocking noise when you drive, commonly referred to as spark knock. If this occurs, use a gasoline rated at 87 octane or higher as soon as possible. If you are using gasoline rated at 87 octane or higher and you hear heavy knocking, the engine needs service.
299
Gasoline Speciï¬cations At a minimum, gasoline should meet ASTM speciï¬cation D 4814 in the United States or CAN/CGSB-3.5 in Canada. Some gasolines may contain an octane-enhancing additive called methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT). Saturn recommends against the use of gasolines containing MMT. See Additives on page 300 for additional information.
California Fuel If your vehicle is certiï¬ed to meet California Emissions Standards, it is designed to operate on fuels that meet California speciï¬cations. See the underhood emission control label. If this fuel is not available in states adopting California emissions standards, your vehicle will operate satisfactorily on fuels meeting federal speciï¬cations, but emission control system performance may be affected. The malfunction indicator lamp may turn on and your vehicle may fail a smog-check test. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp on page 199. If this occurs, return to your authorized Saturn retailer for diagnosis. If it is determined that the condition is caused by the type of fuel used, repairs may not be covered by your warranty.
300
Additives To provide cleaner air, all gasolines in the United States are now required to contain additives that will help prevent engine and fuel system deposits from forming, allowing your emission control system to work properly. In most cases, you should not have to add anything to your fuel. However, some gasolines contain only the minimum amount of additive required to meet U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulations. To help keep fuel injectors and intake valves clean, or if your vehicle experiences problems due to dirty injectors or valves, look for gasoline that is advertised as TOP TIER Detergent Gasoline. Also, your retailer has additives that will help correct and prevent most deposit-related problems. Gasolines containing oxygenates, such as ethers and ethanol, and reformulated gasolines may be available in your area. We recommend that you use these gasolines if they comply with the speciï¬cations described earlier. However, E85 (85% ethanol) and other fuels containing more than 10% ethanol must not be used in vehicles that were not designed for those fuels.
Notice: Your vehicle was not designed for fuel that contains methanol. Do not use fuel containing methanol. It can corrode metal parts in the fuel system and also damage plastic and rubber parts. That damage would not be covered under your warranty. Some gasolines that are not reformulated for low emissions may contain an octane-enhancing additive called methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT); ask the attendant where you buy gasoline whether the fuel contains MMT. We recommend against the use of such gasolines. Fuels containing MMT can reduce the life of spark plugs and the performance of the emission control system may be affected. The malfunction indicator lamp may turn on. If this occurs, return to your retailer for service.
Fuels in Foreign Countries If you plan on driving in another country outside the United States or Canada, the proper fuel might be hard to ï¬nd. Never use leaded gasoline or any other fuel not recommended in the previous text on fuel. Costly repairs caused by use of improper fuel would not be covered by your warranty. To check the fuel availability, ask an auto club, or contact a major oil company that does business in the country where you will be driving.
301
Filling the Tank
{CAUTION:
Fuel vapor burns violently and a fuel ï¬re can cause bad injuries. To help avoid injuries to you and others, read and follow all the instructions on the pump island. Turn off your engine when you are refueling. Do not smoke if you are near fuel or refueling your vehicle. Do not use cellular phones. Keep sparks, flames, and smoking materials away from fuel. Do not leave the fuel pump unattended when refueling your vehicle. This is against the law in some places. Do not re-enter the vehicle while pumping fuel. Keep children away from the fuel pump; never let children pump fuel.
302
The tethered fuel cap is located behind a hinged fuel door on the passenger’s side of the vehicle.
To open the fuel door, apply pressure in the center of the rear edge of the fuel door and it will pop open. To remove the fuel cap, turn it slowly to the left (counterclockwise). The fuel cap has a spring in it; if the cap is released too soon, it will spring back to the right. While refueling, hang the tethered fuel cap from the hook on the fuel door.
{CAUTION:
Fuel can spray out on you if you open the fuel cap too quickly. If you spill fuel and then something ignites it, you could be badly burned. This spray can happen if your tank is nearly full, and is more likely in hot weather. Open the fuel cap slowly and wait for any hiss noise to stop. Then unscrew the cap all the way.
Be careful not to spill fuel. Do not top off or overï¬ll the tank and wait a few seconds after you have ï¬nished pumping before removing the nozzle. Clean fuel from painted surfaces as soon as possible. See Washing Your Vehicle on page 385.
303
When replacing the fuel cap, turn it to the right (clockwise) until it clicks. Make sure the cap is fully installed. The diagnostic system can determine if the fuel cap has been left off or improperly installed. This would allow fuel to evaporate into the atmosphere. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp on page 199. If your vehicle has a Driver Information Center (DIC), the CHECK GAS CAP message will be displayed if the fuel cap is not properly installed.
{CAUTION:
If a ï¬re starts while you are refueling, do not remove the nozzle. Shut off the flow of fuel by shutting off the pump or by notifying the station attendant. Leave the area immediately.
If you need a new fuel cap, be sure to
Notice: get the right type. Your dealer/ retailer can get one for you. If you get the wrong type, it may not ï¬t properly. This may cause your malfunction indicator lamp to light and may damage your fuel tank and emissions system. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp on page 199.
304
Filling a Portable Fuel Container
CAUTION:
(Continued)
{CAUTION:
Never ï¬ll a portable fuel container while it is in your vehicle. Static electricity discharge from the container can ignite the gasoline vapor. You can be badly burned and your vehicle damaged if this occurs. To help avoid injury to you and others:
(cid:129) Dispense gasoline only into approved
containers.
(cid:129) Do not ï¬ll a container while it is inside a
vehicle, in a vehicle’s trunk, pickup bed, or on any surface other than the ground.
(cid:129) Bring the ï¬ll nozzle in contact with the
inside of the ï¬ll opening before operating the nozzle. Contact should be maintained until the ï¬lling is complete.
(cid:129) Do not smoke while pumping
gasoline.
(cid:129) Do not use a cellular phone while
pumping gasoline.
CAUTION:
(Continued)
305
Checking Things Under the Hood
Hood Release To open the hood, do the following:
1. Pull the hood
release handle with this symbol on it. It is located inside the vehicle to the left of the steering column.
{CAUTION:
An electric fan under the hood can start up and injure you even when the engine is not running. Keep hands, clothing, and tools away from any underhood electric fan.
{CAUTION:
Things that burn can get on hot engine parts and start a ï¬re. These include liquids like fuel, oil, coolant, brake fluid, windshield washer and other fluids, and plastic or rubber. You or others could be burned. Be careful not to drop or spill things that will burn onto a hot engine.
306
2. Then go to the front of the vehicle and push
the secondary hood release handle toward the driver side of the vehicle.
3. Lift the hood. 4. After the hood is slightly lifted, it will continue to open to the full position. Before closing the hood, be sure all the ï¬ller caps are on properly. Lower the hood until the lifting force of the strut is reduced, then release the hood to latch fully. Check to make sure the hood is closed and repeat the process if necessary.
307
Engine Compartment Overview When you open the hood on the 3.5L V6 engine, this is what you see:
308
A. Engine Air Cleaner/Filter. See Engine Air
Cleaner/Filter on page 317.
B. Power Steering Fluid Reservoir. See Power
Steering Fluid on page 332.
C. Engine Oil Fill Cap. See “When to Add Engine
Oil†under Engine Oil on page 312.
D. Engine Oil Dipstick. See “Checking Engine Oilâ€
under Engine Oil on page 312.
E. Engine Coolant Surge Tank. See Engine
Coolant on page 322.
F. Pressure Cap. See Pressure Cap on page 325. G. Brake Master Cylinder Reservoir. See “Brake
Fluid†under Brakes on page 335. H. Battery. See Battery on page 338. I. Engine Compartment Fuse Block. See Engine
Compartment Fuse Block on page 396.
J. Windshield Washer Fluid Reservoir. See “Adding Washer Fluid†under Windshield Washer Fluid on page 334.
309
When you open the hood on the 3.6L V6 engine, this is what you see:
310
A. Engine Air Cleaner/Filter. See Engine Air
Cleaner/Filter on page 317.
B. Power Steering Fluid Reservoir. See Power
Steering Fluid on page 332.
C. Engine Oil Fill Cap. See “When to Add Engine
Oil†under Engine Oil on page 312.
D. Engine Oil Dipstick. See “Checking Engine Oilâ€
under Engine Oil on page 312.
E. Electric Engine Cooling Fans (Out of View).
See Cooling System on page 328.
F. Engine Coolant Surge Tank. See Engine
Coolant on page 322.
G. Pressure Cap. See Pressure Cap on page 325.
H. Brake Master Cylinder Reservoir. See “Brake
Fluid†under Brakes on page 335.
I. Automatic Transaxle Fluid Dipstick. See
“Checking the Fluid Level†under Automatic Transaxle Fluid (3.5L V6 Engine) on page 319
or Automatic Transaxle Fluid (3.6L V6
Engine) on page 319.J. Battery. See Battery on page 338. K. Underhood Fuse Block. See Engine
Compartment Fuse Block on page 396.
L. Windshield Washer Fluid Reservoir. See “Adding Washer Fluid†under Windshield Washer Fluid on page 334.
311
Engine Oil If your vehicle has the 3.5L V6 engine and the LOW OIL LEVEL message appears on the Driver Information Center (DIC), check the engine oil level right away. For more information, see LOW OIL LEVEL under DIC Warnings and Messages on page 206. You should check the engine oil level regularly; the LOW OIL LEVEL message in vehicles with the 3.5L V6 engine is an added reminder.
Checking Engine Oil It is a good idea to check the engine oil every time you get fuel. In order to get an accurate reading, the oil must be warm and the vehicle must be on level ground. The engine oil dipstick handle is a yellow loop. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 308
for the location of the engine oil dipstick. 1. Turn off the engine and give the oil several minutes to drain back into the oil pan. If you do not do this, the oil dipstick might not show the actual level.2. Pull out the dipstick and clean it with a paper
towel or cloth, then push it back in all the way. Remove it again, keeping the tip down, and check the level.
312
When to Add Engine Oil
3.5L Engine
This section explains what kind of oil to use. For engine oil crankcase capacity, see Capacities and Speciï¬cations on page 401. Notice: Do not add too much oil. If the engine has so much oil that the oil level gets above the upper mark that shows the proper operating range, the engine could be damaged.
See Engine Compartment Overview on page 308 for the location of the engine oil ï¬ll cap.
3.6L Engine
If the oil is below the cross-hatched area at the tip of the dipstick, you need to add at least one quart/ liter of oil. But you must use the right kind.
Be sure to add enough oil to put the level somewhere in the proper operating range. Push the dipstick all the way back in when you are through.
313
What Kind of Engine Oil to Use
(cid:129) SAE 5W-30
As shown in the viscosity chart, SAE 5W-30 is best for your vehicle. These numbers on an oil container show its viscosity, or thickness. Do not use other viscosity oils such as SAE 20W-50.
(cid:129) Oils meeting these
requirements should have the starburst symbol on the container. This symbol indicates that the oil has been certiï¬ed by the American Petroleum Institute (API).
Look for three things: (cid:129) GM6094M
Your vehicle’s engine requires oil meeting GM Standard GM6094M. Look for and use only an oil that meets GM Standard GM6094M.
Look for this information on the oil container, and use only those oils that are identiï¬ed as meeting GM Standard GM6094M and have the starburst symbol on the front of the oil container.
314
Notice: Use only engine oil identiï¬ed as meeting GM Standard GM6094M and showing the American Petroleum Institute Certiï¬ed For Gasoline Engines starburst symbol. Failure to use the recommended oil can result in engine damage not covered by your warranty. If you are in an area of extreme cold, where the temperature falls below −20°F (−29°C), it is recommended that you use either an SAE 5W-30
synthetic oil or an SAE 0W-30 oil. Both provide easier cold starting and better protection for the engine at extremely low temperatures. Engine Oil Additives Do not add anything to the oil. The recommended oils with the starburst symbol that meet GM Standard GM6094M are all you need for good performance and engine protection.Engine Oil Life System When to Change Engine Oil Your vehicle has a computer system that lets you know when to change the engine oil and ï¬lter. This is based on engine revolutions and engine temperature, and not on mileage. Based on driving conditions, the mileage at which an oil change will be indicated can vary considerably. For the oil life system to work properly, you must reset the system every time the oil is changed. When the system has calculated that oil life has been diminished, it will indicate that an oil change is necessary. A CHANGE OIL SOON message will come on. See DIC Warnings and Messages on page 206. Change the oil as soon as possible within the next 600 miles (1 000 km). It is possible that, if you are driving under the best conditions, the oil life system might not indicate that an oil change is necessary for over a year. However, the engine oil and ï¬lter must be changed at least once a year and at this time the system must be reset. Your dealer/retailer has trained service people who will perform this work using genuine parts and reset the system. It is also important to check the oil regularly and keep it at the proper level.
315
If the system is ever reset accidentally, you must change the oil at 3,000 miles (5 000 km) since your last oil change. Remember to reset the oil life system whenever the oil is changed. How to Reset the Engine Oil Life System The Engine Oil Life System calculates when to change the engine oil and ï¬lter based on vehicle use. Whenever the oil is changed, reset the system so it can calculate when the next oil change is required. If a situation occurs where you change the oil prior to a CHANGE OIL SOON message being turned on, reset the system. After changing the engine oil and ï¬lter, the system must be reset. To reset the oil life system: 1. With the CHANGE OIL SOON message
displayed, press either of the DIC buttons to clear the CHANGE OIL SOON message. See DIC Warnings and Messages on page 206.
2. Display OIL LIFE RESET on the DIC.
3. Press and hold the ENTER button for at least
one second. An ACKNOWLEDGED display message will appear for three seconds or until the next button is pressed. This will tell you the system has been reset. See DIC Vehicle Personalization on page 211.
4. Turn the ignition to OFF. If the CHANGE OIL SOON message comes back on when you start your vehicle, the engine oil life system has not reset. Repeat the procedure. What to Do with Used Oil Used engine oil contains certain elements that can be unhealthy for your skin and could even cause cancer. Do not let used oil stay on your skin for very long. Clean your skin and nails with soap and water, or a good hand cleaner. Wash or properly dispose of clothing or rags containing used engine oil. See the manufacturer’s warnings about the use and disposal of oil products.
316
Used oil can be a threat to the environment. If you change your own oil, be sure to drain all the oil from the ï¬lter before disposal. Never dispose of oil by putting it in the trash, pouring it on the ground, into sewers, or into streams or bodies of water. Instead, recycle it by taking it to a place that collects used oil. If you have a problem properly disposing of used oil, ask your dealer/retailer, a service station, or a local recycling center for help.
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter See Engine Compartment Overview on page 308
for the location of the engine air cleaner/ï¬lter. When to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter Inspect the air cleaner/ï¬lter at the Maintenance II intervals and replace it at the ï¬rst oil change after each 50,000 mile (83 000 km) interval. See Scheduled Maintenance on page 406 for more information. If you are driving in dusty/dirty conditions, inspect the ï¬lter at each engine oil change.How to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter To inspect the air cleaner/ï¬lter, remove the ï¬lter from the vehicle and lightly shake the ï¬lter to release loose dust and dirt. If the ï¬lter remains caked with dirt, a new ï¬lter is required. To inspect or replace the engine air cleaner/ï¬lter, do the following:
1. Remove the spring clamps that hold the
cover on.
2. Lift off the cover.
317
{CAUTION:
Operating the engine with the air cleaner/ï¬lter off can cause you or others to be burned. The air cleaner not only cleans the air; it helps to stop flames if the engine backï¬res. If it is not there and the engine backï¬res, you could be burned. Do not drive with it off, and be careful working on the engine with the air cleaner/ï¬lter off.
If the air cleaner/ï¬lter is off, a backï¬re
Notice: can cause a damaging engine ï¬re. And, dirt can easily get into your engine, which will damage it. Always have the air cleaner/ï¬lter in place when you are driving.
3. Inspect or replace the engine air cleaner/ï¬lter. 4. Align the ï¬lter correctly using alignment tab. 5. Install cover by guiding the tabs on the rim of the top cover into the bottom hinges and turn the cover down to close it.
6. The spring clips will engage easily, if the
cover is properly seated.
318
Automatic Transaxle Fluid (3.5L V6 Engine) It is not necessary to check the transaxle fluid level. A transaxle fluid leak is the only reason for fluid loss. If a leak occurs, take your vehicle to the dealer/retailer service department and have it repaired as soon as possible. Change the fluid and ï¬lter at the intervals listed in Additional Required Services on page 408, and be sure to use the transaxle fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 415. Notice: Use of the incorrect automatic transaxle fluid may damage your vehicle, and the damages may not be covered by your warranty. Always use the automatic transaxle fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 415.
Automatic Transaxle Fluid (3.6L V6 Engine) When to Check and Change Automatic Transaxle Fluid A good time to check the automatic transaxle fluid level is when the engine oil is changed. Change the fluid at the intervals listed in Additional Required Services on page 408, and be sure to use the transaxle fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 415. How to Check Automatic Transaxle Fluid Because this operation can be a little difficult, you may choose to have this done at the dealer/retailer service department.
319
If you do it yourself, be sure to follow all the instructions here, or you could get a false reading on the dipstick. Notice: Too much or too little fluid can damage the transaxle. Too much can mean that some of the fluid could come out and fall on hot engine or exhaust system parts, starting a ï¬re. Too little fluid could cause the transaxle to overheat. Be sure to get an accurate reading if you check the transaxle fluid. Wait at least 30 minutes before checking the transaxle fluid level if you have been driving: (cid:129) When outside temperatures are above
90°F (32°C).
(cid:129) At high speed for quite a while.
In heavy traffic — especially in hot weather.
(cid:129) While pulling a trailer. To get the right reading, the fluid should be at normal operating temperature, which is 180°F to 200°F (82°C to 93°C). Get the vehicle warmed up by driving about 15 miles (24 km) when outside temperatures are above 50°F (10°C). If it is colder than 50°F (10°C), you may have to drive longer.
320
Checking the Fluid Level Prepare the vehicle as follows: 1. Park the vehicle on a level place. Keep the
engine running.
2. With the parking brake applied, place the shift
lever in PARK (P).
3. With your foot on the brake pedal, move the
shift lever through each gear, pausing for about three seconds in each one. Then, position the shift lever in PARK (P).
4. Let the engine run at idle for three to
ï¬ve minutes.
Then, without shutting off the engine, follow these steps:
The transaxle fluid dipstick handle has this symbol on it, and is located near the front of the engine compartment.
(cid:129) See Engine Compartment Overview on page 308
for more information on location. 1. Remove the dipstick and wipe it with a cleanrag or paper towel.
2. Reinstall it back in all the way, wait
three seconds and then pull it back out again.
3. Check both sides of the dipstick, and read the lower level. The fluid level must be within the cross hatched area.
4. If the fluid level is in the acceptable range,
reinstall the dipstick back in all the way.
How to Add Automatic Transaxle Fluid Refer to the Maintenance Schedule to determine what kind of transaxle fluid to use. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 415. If the fluid level is low, add only enough of the proper fluid to bring the level into the cross hatched area on the dipstick. 1. Remove the dipstick. 2. Using a long-neck funnel, add enough fluid at the dipstick hole to bring it to the proper level. It does not take much fluid, generally less than a half pint (0.24 L). Do not overï¬ll.
Notice: Use of the incorrect automatic transaxle fluid may damage your vehicle, and the damages may not be covered by your warranty. Always use the automatic transaxle fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 415. 3. After adding fluid, recheck the fluid level as described under “How to Check Automatic Transaxle Fluid,†earlier in this section. 4. When the correct fluid level is obtained, reinstall the dipstick back in all the way.
321
Engine Coolant The cooling system in your vehicle is ï¬lled with DEX-COOL® engine coolant. This coolant is designed to remain in your vehicle for ï¬ve years or 150,000 miles (240 000 km), whichever occurs ï¬rst, if you add only DEX-COOL® extended life coolant. The following explains your cooling system and how to add coolant when it is low. If you have a problem with engine overheating, see Engine Overheating on page 325. A 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL® coolant will: (cid:129) Give freezing protection down to
−34°F (−37°C).
(cid:129) Give boiling protection up to 265°F (129°C).
(cid:129) Protect against rust and corrosion. (cid:129) Help keep the proper engine temperature. Let the warning lights and gages work as they should.
Notice: Using coolant other than DEX-COOL® may cause premature engine, heater core, or radiator corrosion. In addition, the engine coolant may require changing sooner, at the ï¬rst maintenance service after each 30,000 miles (50 000 km) or 24 months, whichever occurs ï¬rst. Any repairs would not be covered by your warranty. Always use DEX-COOL® (silicate-free) coolant in your vehicle.
322
(cid:129) What to Use Use a mixture of one-half clean, drinkable water and one-half DEX-COOL® coolant which will not damage aluminum parts. If you use this coolant mixture, you do not need to add anything else.
{CAUTION:
Adding only plain water to your cooling system can be dangerous. Plain water, or some other liquid such as alcohol, can boil before the proper coolant mixture will. Your vehicle’s coolant warning system is set for the proper coolant mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture, your engine could get too hot but you would not get the overheat warning. Your engine could catch ï¬re and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL® coolant.
If you use an improper coolant
Notice: mixture, your engine could overheat and be badly damaged. The repair cost would not be covered by your warranty. Too much water in the mixture can freeze and crack the engine, radiator, heater core, and other parts. If you have to add coolant more than four times a year, have your dealer/retailer check your cooling system. Notice: If you use extra inhibitors and/or additives in your vehicle’s cooling system, you could damage your vehicle. Use only the proper mixture of the engine coolant listed in this manual for the cooling system. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 415 for more information.
323
{CAUTION:
Turning the surge tank pressure cap when the engine and radiator are hot can allow steam and scalding liquids to blow out and burn you badly. Never turn the surge tank pressure cap — even a little — when the engine and radiator are hot.
The vehicle must be on a level surface. When your engine is cold, the coolant level should be at the FULL COLD mark or slightly higher.
Checking Coolant
The engine coolant surge tank is located in the rear of the engine compartment. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 308
for more information on location.324
Adding Coolant If you need more coolant, add the proper DEX-COOL® coolant mixture at the surge tank, but only when the engine is cool. If the surge tank is empty, a special ï¬ll procedure is necessary. See Engine Overheating on page 325 and Cooling System on page 328.
{CAUTION:
You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts. Coolant contains ethylene glycol, and it will burn if the engine parts are hot enough. Do not spill coolant on a hot engine.
When replacing the pressure cap, make sure it is hand-tight and fully seated.
If the pressure cap is not tightly
Pressure Cap Notice: installed, coolant loss and possible engine damage may occur. Be sure the cap is properly and tightly secured. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 308
for more information on location.Coolant Surge Tank Pressure Cap Notice: installed, coolant loss and possible engine damage may occur. Be sure the cap is properly and tightly secured.
If the pressure cap is not tightly
Engine Overheating You will ï¬nd an engine coolant temperature gage as well as an engine coolant temperature warning light on your vehicle’s instrument panel cluster. See Engine Coolant Temperature Gage on page 198 and Engine Coolant Temperature Warning Light on page 198.
325
If Steam Is Coming From Your Engine
{CAUTION:
Steam from an overheated engine can burn you badly, even if you just open the hood. Stay away from the engine if you see or hear steam coming from it. Turn it off and get everyone away from the vehicle until it cools down. Wait until there is no sign of steam or coolant before you open the hood. If you keep driving when the vehicles engine is overheated, the liquids in it can catch ï¬re. You or others could be badly burned. Stop your engine if it overheats, and get out of the vehicle until the engine is cool. See Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode on page 327 for information on driving to a safe place in an emergency.
326
If your engine catches ï¬re because
Notice: you keep driving with no coolant, your vehicle can be badly damaged. The costly repairs would not be covered by your warranty. See Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode on page 327 for information on driving to a safe place in an emergency. If No Steam Is Coming From Your Engine An overheat warning, can indicate a serious problem. If you get an engine overheat warning, but see or hear no steam, the problem may not be too serious. Sometimes the engine can get a little too hot when you: (cid:129) Climb a long hill on a hot day. (cid:129) Stop after high-speed driving. Idle for long periods in traffic.
(cid:129) Tow a trailer.
(cid:129) If you get the overheat warning with no sign of steam, try this for a minute or so: 1. In heavy traffic, let the engine idle in
NEUTRAL (N) while stopped. If it is safe to do so, pull off the road, shift to PARK (P) or NEUTRAL (N) and let the engine idle.
2. Turn on your heater to full hot at the highest
fan speed and open the windows as necessary.
If you no longer have the overheat warning, you can drive. Just to be safe, drive slower for about 10 minutes. If the warning does not come back on, you can drive normally. If the warning continues, pull over, stop, and park your vehicle right away. If there is still no sign of steam, idle the engine for three minutes while you are parked. If you still have the warning, turn off the engine and get everyone out of the vehicle until it cools down. You might decide not to lift the hood but to get service help right away.
Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode This emergency operating mode allows your vehicle to be driven to a safe place in an emergency situation. If an overheated engine condition exists, an overheat protection mode which alternates ï¬ring groups of cylinders helps prevent engine damage. In this mode, you will notice a signiï¬cant loss in power and engine performance. The temperature gage will indicate an overheat condition exists. Driving extended miles (km) and/or towing a trailer in the overheat protection mode should be avoided. Notice: After driving in the overheated engine protection operating mode, to avoid engine damage, allow the engine to cool before attempting any repair. The engine oil will be severely degraded. Repair the cause of coolant loss, change the oil and reset the oil life system. See Engine Oil on page 312.
327
{CAUTION:
An electric engine cooling fan under the hood can start up even when the engine is not running and can injure you. Keep hands, clothing, and tools away from any underhood electric fan.
If the coolant inside the coolant surge tank is boiling, do not do anything else until it cools down. The vehicle should be parked on a level surface. The coolant level should be at or above the FULL COLD mark on the front of the coolant surge tank. If it is not, you may have a leak at the pressure cap or in the radiator hoses, heater hoses, radiator, water pump, or somewhere else in the cooling system.
Cooling System When you decide it is safe to lift the hood, here is what you will see:
3.5L V6 Engine shown, 3.6L V6 Engine similar
A. Electric Engine Cooling Fans (Out of View) B. Engine Coolant Surge Tank C. Pressure Cap
328
Notice: Engine damage from running your engine without coolant is not covered by your warranty. Notice: Using coolant other than DEX-COOL® may cause premature engine, heater core, or radiator corrosion. In addition, the engine coolant could require changing sooner, at 30,000 miles (50 000 km) or 24 months, whichever occurs ï¬rst. Any repairs would not be covered by your warranty. Always use DEX-COOL® (silicate-free) coolant in your vehicle.
{CAUTION:
Heater and radiator hoses, and other engine parts, can be very hot. Do not touch them. If you do, you can be burned. Do not run the engine if there is a leak. If you run the engine, it could lose all coolant. That could cause an engine ï¬re, and you could be burned. Get any leak ï¬xed before you drive the vehicle.
If there seems to be no leak, with the engine on, check to see if the electric engine cooling fans are running. If the engine is overheating, both fans should be running. If they are not, your vehicle needs service.
329
How to Add Coolant to the Coolant Surge Tank Notice: This vehicle has a speciï¬c coolant ï¬ll procedure. Failure to follow this procedure could cause your engine to overheat and be severely damaged. If you have not found a problem yet, check to see if coolant is visible in the surge tank. If coolant is visible but the coolant level is not at or above the FULL COLD mark, add a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL® coolant at the coolant surge tank, but be sure the cooling system, including the coolant surge tank pressure cap, is cool before you do it. See Engine Coolant on page 322 for more information.
If no coolant is visible in the surge tank, add coolant as follows:
{CAUTION:
Steam and scalding liquids from a hot cooling system can blow out and burn you badly. They are under pressure, and if you turn the coolant surge tank pressure cap — even a little — they can come out at high speed. Never turn the cap when the cooling system, including the coolant surge tank pressure cap, is hot. Wait for the cooling system and coolant surge tank pressure cap to cool if you ever have to turn the pressure cap.
330
{CAUTION:
{CAUTION:
Adding only plain water to your cooling system can be dangerous. Plain water, or some other liquid such as alcohol, can boil before the proper coolant mixture will. Your vehicle’s coolant warning system is set for the proper coolant mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture, your engine could get too hot but you would not get the overheat warning. Your engine could catch ï¬re and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL® coolant.
In cold weather, water can freeze and
Notice: crack the engine, radiator, heater core and other parts. Use the recommended coolant and the proper coolant mixture.
You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts. Coolant contains ethylene glycol and it will burn if the engine parts are hot enough. Do not spill coolant on a hot engine.
1. You can remove the
coolant surge tank pressure cap when the cooling system, including the coolant surge tank pressure cap and upper radiator hose, is no longer hot.
Turn the pressure cap slowly counterclockwise about two or two and one-half turns. If you hear a hiss, wait for that to stop. This will allow any pressure still left to be vented out the discharge hose.
331
4. With the coolant surge tank pressure cap off,
start the engine and let it run until you can feel the upper radiator hose getting hot. Watch out for the engine cooling fans. By this time, the coolant level inside the coolant surge tank may be lower. If the level is lower than the FULL COLD mark, add more of the proper mixture to the coolant surge tank until the level reaches the FULL COLD mark.
5. Then replace the pressure cap. Be sure the pressure cap is hand-tight and fully seated.
See your dealer/retailer, if necessary.
Power Steering Fluid
See Engine Compartment Overview on page 308 for reservoir location.
2. Then keep turning the pressure cap slowly,
and remove it.
3. Fill the coolant surge tank with the
proper mixture, to the FULL COLD mark on the front of the surge tank. Wait about ï¬ve minutes, then check to see if the level is below the FULL COLD mark. If the level is below the FULL COLD mark, add additional coolant to bring the level up to the mark. Repeat this procedure until the level remains constant at the FULL COLD mark for at least ï¬ve minutes.
332
When to Check Power Steering Fluid It is not necessary to regularly check power steering fluid unless a leak is suspected in the system, or an unusual noise is heard. A fluid loss in this system could indicate a problem. Have the system inspected and repaired. How to Check Power Steering Fluid To check the power steering fluid, do the following: 1. Turn the key off and let the engine
compartment cool down.
2. Wipe the cap and the top of the
reservoir clean.
3. Unscrew the cap and wipe the dipstick with a
clean rag.
4. Replace the cap and completely tighten it. 5. Remove the cap again and look at the
fluid level on the dipstick
If your vehicle has the 3.5L V6 engine, the fluid level should be between the ADD and HOT marks when the engine is cold, and at the HOT mark when the engine is hot. If the fluid is at the ADD mark when the engine is cold or hot, power steering fluid should be added.
If your vehicle has the 3.6L V6 engine, the fluid level should be between the MIN (Minimum) and MAX (Maximum) marks when the engine is cold. and at the MAX mark when the engine is hot. If the fluid is at the MIN mark when the engine is cold or hot, power steering fluid should be added. The fluid level should be within the crosshatch area on the dipstick. If the fluid is at or below the ADD mark on the dipstick, add just enough fluid to bring the level within the crosshatch area. What to Use To determine what kind of fluid to use, see Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 415. Always use the proper fluid. Notice: Use of the incorrect fluid may damage your vehicle and the damages may not be covered by your warranty. Always use the correct fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 415.
333
Notice: (cid:129) When using concentrated washer fluid, follow the manufacturer’s instructions for adding water.
(cid:129) Do not mix water with ready-to-use washer
fluid. Water can cause the solution to freeze and damage your washer fluid tank and other parts of the washer system. Also, water does not clean as well as washer fluid.
(cid:129) Fill the washer fluid tank only
three-quarters full when it is very cold. This allows for fluid expansion if freezing occurs, which could damage the tank if it is completely full.
(cid:129) Do not use engine coolant (antifreeze) in
your windshield washer. It can damage the vehicle’s windshield washer system and paint.
Windshield Washer Fluid What to Use When you need windshield washer fluid, be sure to read the manufacturer’s instructions before use. If you will be operating your vehicle in an area where the temperature may fall below freezing, use a fluid that has sufficient protection against freezing. Adding Washer Fluid When the windshield washer fluid reservoir is low, a LOW WASHER FLUID message displays on the Driver Information Center (DIC). See DIC Warnings and Messages on page 206 for more information.
Open the cap with the washer symbol on it. Add washer fluid until the tank is full. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 308
for reservoir location.334
Brakes Brake Fluid
The brake master cylinder reservoir is ï¬lled with DOT-3 brake fluid. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 308 for the location of the reservoir.
There are only two reasons why the brake fluid level in the reservoir might go down. The ï¬rst is that the brake fluid goes down to an acceptable level during normal brake lining wear. When new linings are put in, the fluid level goes back up. The other reason is that fluid is leaking out of the brake system. If it is, you should have the brake system ï¬xed, since a leak means that sooner or later the brakes will not work well.
So, it is not a good idea to top off the brake fluid. Adding brake fluid will not correct a leak. If you add fluid when the linings are worn, then you will have too much fluid when you get new brake linings. You should add or remove brake fluid, as necessary, only when work is done on the brake hydraulic system.
{CAUTION:
If your vehicle has too much brake fluid, it can spill on the engine. The fluid will burn if the engine is hot enough. You or others could be burned, and your vehicle could be damaged. Add brake fluid only when work is done on the brake hydraulic system.
When the brake fluid falls to a low level, the BRAKE FLUID message in the Driver Information Center (DIC) displays. See DIC Warnings and Messages on page 206.
335
What to Add When you do need brake fluid, use only DOT-3
brake fluid. Use new brake fluid from a sealed container only. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 415. Always clean the brake fluid reservoir cap and the area around the cap before removing it. This helps keep dirt from entering the reservoir.{CAUTION:
With the wrong kind of fluid in the brake system, the brakes may not work well. This could cause a crash. Always use the proper brake fluid.
Notice: (cid:129) Using the wrong fluid can badly damage brake system parts. For example, just a few drops of mineral-based oil, such as engine oil, in the brake system can damage brake system parts so badly that they will have to be replaced. Do not let someone put in the wrong kind of fluid. If you spill brake fluid on your vehicle’s painted surfaces, the paint ï¬nish can be damaged. Be careful not to spill brake fluid on your vehicle. If you do, wash it off immediately. See Washing Your Vehicle on page 385.
336
(cid:129) Brake Wear Your vehicle has four-wheel disc brakes. Disc brake pads have built-in wear indicators that make a high-pitched warning sound when the brake pads are worn and new pads are needed. The sound can come and go or be heard all the time your vehicle is moving, except when you are pushing on the brake pedal ï¬rmly.
{CAUTION:
The brake wear warning sound means that soon the brakes will not work well. That could lead to an accident. When you hear the brake wear warning sound, have your vehicle serviced.
Notice: Continuing to drive with worn-out brake pads could result in costly brake repair.
Some driving conditions or climates can cause a brake squeal when the brakes are ï¬rst applied or lightly applied. This does not mean something is wrong with the brakes. Properly torqued wheel nuts are necessary to help prevent brake pulsation. When tires are rotated, inspect brake pads for wear and evenly tighten wheel nuts in the proper sequence to torque speciï¬cations in Capacities and Speciï¬cations on page 401. Brake linings should always be replaced as complete axle sets. Brake Pedal Travel See your dealer/retailer if the brake pedal does not return to normal height, or if there is a rapid increase in pedal travel. This could be a sign that brake service might be required. Brake Adjustment Every time you apply the brakes, with or without the vehicle moving, the brakes adjust for wear.
337
Warning: Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling. Vehicle Storage If you are not going to drive your vehicle for 25 days or more, remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery. This will help keep the battery from running down.
{CAUTION:
Batteries have acid that can burn you and gas that can explode. You can be badly hurt if you are not careful. See Jump Starting on page 339 for tips on working around a battery without getting hurt.
Replacing Brake System Parts The braking system on a vehicle is complex. Its many parts have to be of top quality and work well together if the vehicle is to have really good braking. Your vehicle was designed and tested with top-quality brake parts. When you replace parts of the braking system — for example, when the brake linings wear down and you need new ones put in — be sure you get new approved replacement parts. If you do not, the brakes might not work properly. For example, if someone puts in brake linings that are wrong for your vehicle, the balance between the front and rear brakes can change — for the worse. The braking performance you have come to expect can change in many other ways if someone puts in the wrong replacement brake parts.
Battery Your vehicle has a maintenance free battery. When it is time for a new battery, see your dealer/retailer for one that has the replacement number shown on the original battery’s label. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 308
for battery location.338
Jump Starting If your battery has run down, you may want to use another vehicle and some jumper cables to start your vehicle. Be sure to use the following steps to do it safely.
{CAUTION:
Batteries can hurt you. They can be dangerous because:
(cid:129) They contain acid that can burn you. (cid:129) They contain gas that can explode
(cid:129) They contain enough electricity to
or ignite.
burn you.
If you do not follow these steps exactly, some or all of these things can hurt you.
Ignoring these steps could result in
Notice: costly damage to your vehicle that would not be covered by your warranty.
Trying to start your vehicle by pushing or pulling it will not work, and it could damage your vehicle. 1. Check the other vehicle. It must have a
12-volt battery with a negative ground system.
If the other vehicle’s system is not a
Notice: 12-volt system with a negative ground, both vehicles can be damaged. Only use vehicles with 12-volt systems with negative grounds to jump start your vehicle. 2. Get the vehicles close enough so the jumper
cables can reach, but be sure the vehicles are not touching each other. If they are, it could cause a ground connection you do not want. You would not be able to start your vehicle, and the bad grounding could damage the electrical systems. To avoid the possibility of the vehicles rolling, set the parking brake ï¬rmly on both vehicles involved in the jump start procedure. Put an automatic transaxle in PARK (P) or a manual transaxle in NEUTRAL before setting the parking brake.
339
Notice: If you leave your radio or other accessories on during the jump starting procedure, they could be damaged. The repairs would not be covered by your warranty. Always turn off your radio and other accessories when jump starting your vehicle. 3. Turn off the ignition on both vehicles.
Unplug unnecessary accessories plugged into the cigarette lighter or the accessory power outlet. Turn off the radio and all lamps that are not needed. This will avoid sparks and help save both batteries. And it could save the radio!
4. Open the hoods and locate the batteries.
Find the positive (+) and negative (−) terminal locations on each vehicle. Your vehicle’s positive (+) terminal is located under a red tethered cap on the battery.
The negative (–) terminal is located under a black tethered cap on the battery. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 308 for more information on location. Flip the caps up to access the positive (+) and negative (–) terminals.
{CAUTION:
An electric fan can start up even when the engine is not running and can injure you. Keep hands, clothing and tools away from any underhood electric fan.
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{CAUTION:
{CAUTION:
Using a match near a battery can cause battery gas to explode. People have been hurt doing this, and some have been blinded. Use a flashlight if you need more light. Be sure the battery has enough water. You do not need to add water to the battery installed in your new vehicle. But if a battery has ï¬ller caps, be sure the right amount of fluid is there. If it is low, add water to take care of that ï¬rst. If you don’t, explosive gas could be present. Battery fluid contains acid that can burn you. Do not get it on you. If you accidentally get it in your eyes or on your skin, flush the place with water and get medical help immediately.
Fans or other moving engine parts can injure you badly. Keep your hands away from moving parts once the engine is running.
5. Check that the jumper cables do not have loose or missing insulation. If they do, you could get a shock. The vehicles could be damaged too. Before you connect the cables, here are some things you should know. Positive (+) will go to positive (+) or to a remote positive (+) terminal if the vehicle has one. Negative (−) will go to a heavy, unpainted metal engine part or to a remote negative (−) terminal if the vehicle has one. Do not connect positive (+) to negative (−) or you will get a short that would damage the battery and maybe other parts too. And do not connect the negative (−) cable to the negative (−) terminal on the dead battery because this can cause sparks.
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6. Connect the red positive (+) cable to the positive (+) terminal of the dead battery. Use a remote positive (+) terminal if the vehicle has one.
7. Do not let the other end touch metal. Connect
it to the positive (+) terminal of the good battery. Use a remote positive (+) terminal if the vehicle has one.
8. Now connect the black negative (−) cable to the negative (−) terminal of the good battery. Use a remote negative (−) terminal if the vehicle has one. Do not let the other end touch anything until the next step. The other end of the negative (−) cable does not go to the dead battery. It goes to a heavy, unpainted metal engine part or to a remote negative (−) terminal on the vehicle with the dead battery.
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9. Connect the other end of the negative (−) cable at least 18 inches (45 cm) away from the dead battery, but not near engine parts that move. The electrical connection is just as good there, and the chance of sparks getting back to the battery is much less.
10. Now start the vehicle with the good battery
and run the engine for a while.
11. Try to start the vehicle that had the dead battery. If it will not start after a few tries, it probably needs service.
Notice: If the jumper cables are connected or removed in the wrong order, electrical shorting may occur and damage the vehicle. The repairs would not be covered by your warranty. Always connect and remove the jumper cables in the correct order, making sure that the cables do not touch each other or other metal.
To disconnect the jumper cables from both vehicles, do the following: 1. Disconnect the black negative (−) cable from
the vehicle that had the dead battery.
2. Disconnect the black negative (−) cable from
the vehicle with the good battery.
3. Disconnect the red positive (+) cable from the
vehicle with the good battery.
4. Disconnect the red positive (+) cable from the
other vehicle.
5. Return the caps over the positive (+) and
negative (–) terminals to their original positions.
Jumper Cable Removal
A. Heavy, Unpainted Metal Engine Part or
Remote Negative (–) Terminal
B. Good Battery or Remote Positive (+) and
Remote Negative (–) Terminals
C. Dead Battery or Remote Positive (+) Terminal
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Bulb Replacement For the type of bulb to use, see Replacement Bulbs on page 346. For any bulb changing procedure not listed in this section, contact your retailer.
Halogen Bulbs
{CAUTION:
Halogen bulbs have pressurized gas inside and can burst if you drop or scratch the bulb. You or others could be injured. Be sure to read and follow the instructions on the bulb package.
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Taillamps, Turn Signal, Sidemarker, Stoplamps and Back-up Lamps
A. Turn Signal Lamp B. Stoplamp/Taillamp
C. Backup Lamp D. Sidemarker Lamp If a stoplamp or a taillamp needs to be replaced, see your dealer/retailer.
To replace a sidemarker lamp, turn signal lamp, or a back-up lamp: 1. Open the trunk. See Trunk on page 106 for
more information.
2. Remove the convenience net, if the vehicle
has one.
3. Remove the wing nuts holding the trunk trim.
5. Remove the taillamp assembly. 6. Remove the wiring harness from the taillamp
assembly by lifting the release tab.
7. Turn the bulb socket counterclockwise to
remove it.
8. Pull the bulb from the socket. 9. Install a new bulb. 10. Reverse Steps 2 through 6 to reinstall the
taillamp assembly.
4. Remove the three wing nuts, which hold the
taillamp assembly, from inside the vehicle.
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3. Turn the bulb socket counterclockwise and
pull the bulb straight out of the socket.
4. Install the new bulb. 5. Reverse Steps 1 through 3 to reinstall the
lamp assembly.
Replacement Bulbs
Exterior Lamp
Bulb Number
Back-up Lamp License Plate Lamp and Rear Sidemarker Lamp Turn Signal Lamp
921
168
3156
For replacement bulbs not listed here, contact your dealer/retailer.
License Plate Lamp To replace the license plate lamp bulb:
1. Remove the two screws holding the license
plate lamp assembly to the fascia.
2. Turn and pull the license plate lamp forward
through the fascia opening.
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Windshield Wiper Blade Replacement Windshield wiper blades should be inspected for wear or cracking. See Scheduled Maintenance on page 406 for more information on wiper blade inspection. Replacement blades come in different types and are removed in different ways. Here is how to remove the wiper blade: 1. Pull the windshield wiper arm connector away
from the windshield.
3. Install the new blade onto the arm connector
and make sure the grooved areas are fully set in the locked position.
For the proper type and size, see Normal Maintenance Replacement Parts on page 416.
2. Squeeze the grooved areas on each side of the blade, and turn the blade assembly away from the arm connector.
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Tires Your new vehicle comes with high-quality tires made by a leading tire manufacturer. If you ever have questions about your tire warranty and where to obtain service, see your Saturn Warranty booklet for details. For additional information refer to the tire manufacturer’s booklet included with your vehicle.
{CAUTION:
Poorly maintained and improperly used tires are dangerous.
(cid:129) Overloading your vehicle’s tires can cause overheating as a result of too much friction. You could have an air-out and a serious accident. See
