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If you need more coolant, add the proper DEX-COOL® coolant mixture at the coolant reservoir, but only when the engine is cool. If the coolant reservoir is empty, a special fill procedure is necessary. See Cooling System on page 9-16
for instructions on “How to Add Coolant to the Coolant Reservoir.”


{ CAUTION


You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts. Coolant contains ethylene glycol, and it will burn if the engine parts are hot enough. Do not spill coolant on a hot engine.


When replacing the pressure cap, make sure it is hand-tight and fully seated.


If the pressure cap is not


Pressure Cap Notice: tightly installed, coolant loss and possible engine damage may occur. Be sure the cap is properly and tightly secured. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 9-6 for more information on location.


Engine Overheating There is an engine coolant temperature warning light on your vehicle’s instrument panel. See Engine Coolant Temperature Warning Light on page 4-19 for more information.


Vehicle Service and Care


9-15


If Steam Is Coming From Your Engine


{ CAUTION


Steam from an overheated engine can burn you badly, even if you just open the hood. Stay away from the engine if you see or hear steam coming from it. Just turn it off and get everyone away from the vehicle until it cools down. Wait until there is no sign of steam or coolant before you open the hood. If you keep driving when your engine is overheated, the liquids in it can catch fire. You or others could be badly burned. Stop your engine if it overheats, and get out of the vehicle until the engine is cool.


If the engine catches fire


Notice: because of being driven with no coolant, your vehicle can be badly damaged. The costly repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty.


If No Steam Is Coming From Your Engine An engine coolant temperature warning can indicate a serious problem. See Engine Coolant Temperature Warning Light on page 4-19. If you get an engine coolant temperature warning, but see or hear no steam, the problem may not be too serious. Sometimes the engine can get a little too hot when you: (cid:129) Climb a long hill on a hot day. (cid:129) Stop after high-speed driving. Idle for long periods in traffic.


(cid:129) 9-16


Vehicle Service and Care


If you get the engine coolant temperature warning with no sign of steam, try this for a minute or so: 1. If your air conditioner is on,


turn it off.


2. In heavy traffic, let the engine


idle in N (NEUTRAL) while stopped. If it is safe to do so, pull off the road, shift to P (PARK) or N (NEUTRAL) and let the engine idle.


3. Turn on your heater to full hot at the highest fan speed and open the windows as necessary.


If you no longer have the overheat warning, you can drive. Just to be safe, drive slower for about 10 minutes. If the warning does not come back on, you can drive normally. If the warning continues and you have not stopped, pull over, stop, and park your vehicle right away. If there is still no sign of steam, you can idle the engine for three minutes while you are parked. If you still have the warning, turn off the engine and get everyone out of the vehicle until it cools down. You may decide not to lift the hood but to get service help right away.


Cooling System When you decide it is safe to lift the hood, this is what you see:


A. Coolant Reservoir B. Coolant Reservoir Pressure Cap C. Engine Cooling Fans


(Out of view)


Vehicle Service and Care


9-17


{ CAUTION


{ CAUTION


An electric engine cooling fan under the hood can start up even when the engine is not running and can cause injury. Keep hands, clothing, and tools away from any underhood electric fan.


If the coolant inside the coolant reservoir is boiling, do not do anything else until it cools down. The vehicle should be parked on a level surface. The coolant level should be at or above the KALT/COLD mark on the coolant reservoir. If it is not, you may have a leak at the coolant reservoir pressure cap or in the radiator hoses, heater hoses, radiator, water pump, or somewhere else in the cooling system.


Heater and radiator hoses, and other engine parts, can be very hot. Do not touch them. If you do, you can be burned. Do not run the engine if there is a leak. If you run the engine, it could lose all coolant. That could cause an engine fire, and you could be burned. Get any leak fixed before you drive the vehicle.


If there seems to be no leak, with the engine on, check to see if the electric engine cooling fans are running. If the engine is overheating, both fans should be running. If they are not, your vehicle needs service.


Notice: Engine damage from running the engine without coolant is not covered by the warranty. Notice: Using coolant other than DEX-COOL® can cause premature engine, heater core, or radiator corrosion. In addition, the engine coolant could require changing sooner, at 30,000 miles (50 000 km) or 24 months, whichever occurs first. Any repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Always use DEX-COOL® (silicate-free) coolant in the vehicle.


9-18


Vehicle Service and Care


How to Add Coolant to the Coolant Reservoir Notice: This vehicle has a specific coolant fill procedure. Failure to follow this procedure could cause the engine to overheat and be severely damaged. If you have not found a problem yet, check to see if coolant is visible in the coolant reservoir. If coolant is visible but the coolant level is not at or above the KALT/COLD mark, add a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL® coolant at the coolant reservoir, but be sure the cooling system, including the coolant reservoir pressure cap, is cool before you do it. See Engine Coolant on page 9-12 for more information.


If no coolant is visible in the coolant reservoir, add coolant as follows:


{ CAUTION


{ CAUTION


Steam and scalding liquids from a hot cooling system can blow out and burn you badly. They are under pressure, and if you turn the coolant reservoir pressure cap — even a little — they can come out at high speed. Never turn the cap when the cooling system, including the coolant reservoir pressure cap, is hot. Wait for the cooling system and coolant reservoir pressure cap to cool if you ever have to turn the pressure cap.


Adding only plain water to the cooling system can be dangerous. Plain water, or some other liquid such as alcohol, can boil before the proper coolant mixture will. The vehicle’s coolant warning system is set for the proper coolant mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture, the engine could get too hot but you would not get the overheat warning. The engine could catch fire and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/50
mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL® coolant.


In cold weather, water


Notice: can freeze and crack the engine, radiator, heater core and other parts. Use the recommended coolant and the proper coolant mixture.


Vehicle Service and Care


9-19


{ CAUTION


You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts. Coolant contains ethylene glycol and it will burn if the engine parts are hot enough. Do not spill coolant on a hot engine.


1. Remove the coolant reservoir pressure cap when the cooling system, including the coolant reservoir pressure cap and upper radiator hose, is no longer hot. Turn the coolant reservoir pressure cap slowly counterclockwise about two or two and one-half turns. If you hear a hiss, wait for that to stop. This will allow any pressure still left to be vented out the discharge hose.


Coolant Reservoir


Pressure Cap


2. Keep turning the coolant


reservoir pressure cap slowly, and remove it.


3. Fill the coolant reservoir with


the proper mixture, to the KALT/COLD mark. Wait about five minutes, then check to see if the level is below the mark. If the level is below the KALT/COLD mark, add additional coolant to bring the level up to the mark. Repeat this procedure until the level remains constant at the KALT/COLD mark for at least five minutes.


4. With the coolant reservoir pressure cap off, start the engine and let it run until you can feel the upper radiator hose getting hot. Watch out for the engine cooling fans. By this time, the coolant level inside the coolant reservoir might be lower. If the level is lower than the KALT/COLD mark, add more of the proper mixture to the coolant reservoir until the level reaches the KALT/COLD mark.


5. Replace the coolant reservoir


pressure cap. Be sure the pressure cap is hand-tight and fully seated.


9-20


Vehicle Service and Care


Power Steering Fluid When to Check Power Steering Fluid It is not necessary to check the power steering fluid level. A power steering fluid leak is the only reason for fluid loss. If a leak occurs, take your vehicle to the dealer/retailer service department and have it repaired as soon as possible.


Windshield Washer Fluid What to Use When you need windshield washer fluid, be sure to read the manufacturer’s instructions before use. If you will be operating your vehicle in an area where the temperature may fall below freezing, use a fluid that has sufficient protection against freezing.


Adding Washer Fluid


Notice: (cid:129) When using concentrated


washer fluid, follow the manufacturer’s instructions for adding water.


(cid:129) Do not mix water with


ready-to-use washer fluid. Water can cause the solution to freeze and damage your washer fluid tank and other parts of the washer system. Also, water does not clean as well as washer fluid. Fill the washer fluid tank only three-quarters full when it is very cold. This allows for fluid expansion if freezing occurs, which could damage the tank if it is completely full.


Open the cap with the washer symbol on it. Add washer fluid until the tank is full. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 9-6
for reservoir location.


(cid:129) Do not use engine coolant


(antifreeze) in your windshield washer. It can damage the vehicle’s windshield washer system and paint.


(cid:129) Windshield Wiper Blade Replacement Front Windshield Wiper Windshield wiper blades should be inspected for wear or cracking. See “Maintenance Replacement Parts” in the Limited Warranty, Maintenance and owner Assistance Information manual for the proper type and length. Raise the wiper arm, tilt the wiper blade at a 90° angle to the wiper arm, and remove to the side. 1. Turn the ignition off. 2. With the key in the ignition and key in the LOCK position, press the wiper lever down. Release the wiper lever when the wipers are in the vertical position.


Vehicle Service and Care


9-21


Rear Windshield Wiper


3. Raise the wiper arm away from


the windshield.


4. Turn the wiper blade at a 90°


angle to the wiper arm and remove the blade to the side.


5. Install the new wiper blade. 6. Lower the wiper arm on to the


windshield.


1. Lift the wiper arm straight up. 2. Push the wiper blade straight out


of the wiper arm to remove. 3. Install the new wiper blade.


9-22


Vehicle Service and Care


Brakes Brake Fluid


The brake master cylinder and, on manual transmission vehicles, the clutch hydraulic system use the same reservoir. The reservoir is filled with DOT-4 brake fluid. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 9-6 for the location of the reservoir. There are only two reasons why the brake fluid level in the reservoir might go down. The first is that the brake fluid goes down to an acceptable level during normal brake lining wear. When new linings are put in, the fluid level goes back up. The other reason is that fluid is leaking out of the brake or clutch hydraulic system. If it is,


have the brake or clutch hydraulic system fixed, since a leak means that sooner or later the brakes or clutch will not work well. It is not a good idea to top off the brake fluid. Adding brake fluid will not correct a leak. If fluid is added when the linings are worn, there will be too much fluid when new brake linings are installed. Add or remove brake fluid, as necessary, only when work is done on the brake or clutch hydraulic system.


{ CAUTION


If your vehicle has too much brake fluid, it can spill on the engine. The fluid will burn if the engine is hot enough. You or others could be burned, and your vehicle could be damaged. Add brake fluid only when work is done on the brake and/or clutch hydraulic system.


Refer to “Scheduled Maintenance” in the Limited Warranty, Maintenance and Owner Assistance Information manual to determine when to check the brake fluid.


Checking Brake Fluid The brake fluid can be checked without taking off the cap by looking at the brake fluid reservoir. The fluid level should be above MIN. If it is not, have your brake hydraulic system checked to see if there is a leak. After work is done on the brake hydraulic system, make sure the level is above the MIN but not over the MAX mark.


What to Add When you do need brake fluid, use only DOT-4 brake fluid. It is recommended that you flush the brake hydraulic system and refill it with new DOT-4 fluid at a regular maintenance service every two years. See “Additional


Vehicle Service and Care


9-23


Required Services” in the Limited Warranty, Maintenance and Owner Assistance Information manual. Use new brake fluid from a sealed container only. See “Recommended Fluids and Lubricants” in the Limited Warranty, Maintenance and Owner Assistance Information manual. Always clean the brake fluid reservoir cap and the area around the cap before removing it. This helps keep dirt from entering the reservoir.


{ CAUTION


With the wrong kind of fluid in the brake hydraulic system, the brakes might not work well. This could cause a crash. Always use the proper brake fluid.


Notice: (cid:129) Using the wrong fluid can


badly damage brake hydraulic system parts. For example, just a few drops of mineral-based oil, such as engine oil, in the brake hydraulic system can damage brake hydraulic system parts so badly that they will have to be replaced. Do not let someone put in the wrong kind of fluid. If you spill brake fluid on your vehicle’s painted surfaces, the paint finish can be damaged. Be careful not to spill brake fluid on your vehicle. If you do, wash it off immediately. See Exterior Cleaning on page 9-75.


Brake Wear Your vehicle has disc brakes. Notice: Continuing to drive with worn-out brake pads could result in costly brake repair. Front disc brake pads have built-in brake pad wear indicators that make a high-pitched warning sound when the brake pads are worn and new pads are needed. The sound can come and go or be heard all the time your vehicle is moving, except when you are pushing on the brake pedal firmly.


{ CAUTION


The brake wear warning sound means that soon the brakes will not work well. That could lead to an accident. When you hear the brake wear warning sound, have your vehicle serviced.


(cid:129) 9-24


Vehicle Service and Care


Rear disc brake pads do not have built-in brake pad wear indicators. Periodic visual inspection of the rear brake pads is required to determine when to replace the pads. Visually inspect the rear brake pads whenever the rear wheels are removed such as during tire rotation. 1. Set the parking brake and make sure that the brakes have been given enough time to cool. 2. Remove the rear wheels. 3. Visually inspect the rear brake


inner pads (C) at each rear wheel through the inspection window in the brake caliper (A).


Brake pads should be replaced when the inner pad (C) is worn to 5/64 in (2 mm) of pad thickness (B). New brake pads, with no wear, are 25/64 of an inch (10 mm) thick.


4. After brake pad inspection or replacement, install the rear wheels.


Some driving conditions or climates can cause a brake squeal when the brakes are first applied or lightly applied. This does not mean something is wrong with the brakes. Properly torqued wheel bolts are necessary to help prevent brake pulsation. When tires are rotated, inspect brake pads for wear and evenly tighten wheel bolts in the proper sequence to torque specifications in Capacities and Specifications on page 10-2. Brake linings should always be replaced as complete axle sets.


Brake Pedal Travel See your dealer/retailer if the brake pedal does not return to normal height, or if there is a rapid increase in pedal travel. This could be a sign that brake service might be required.


Brake Adjustment Every time you make a brake stop, the disc brakes adjust for wear.


Vehicle Service and Care


9-25


Battery Your vehicle has a maintenance free battery. When it is time for a new battery, see your dealer/retailer for one that has the replacement number shown on the original battery’s label. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 9-6 for battery location. Warning: Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling.


Replacing Brake System Parts The braking system on a vehicle is complex. Its many parts have to be of top quality and work well together if the vehicle is to have really good braking. Your vehicle was designed and tested with top-quality brake parts. When you replace parts of the braking system — for example, when the brake linings wear down and you need new ones put in — be sure you get new approved replacement parts. If you do not, the brakes might not work properly. For example, if someone puts in brake linings that are wrong for your vehicle, the balance between the front and rear brakes can change — for the worse. The braking performance you have come to expect can change in many other ways if someone puts in the wrong replacement brake parts.


Vehicle Storage


{ CAUTION


Batteries have acid that can burn you and gas that can explode. You can be badly hurt if you are not careful. See Jump Starting on page 9-68 for tips on working around a battery without getting hurt.


Infrequent Usage: If you drive your vehicle infrequently, remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery. This will help keep the battery from running down. Extended Storage: For extended storage of your vehicle, remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery or use a battery trickle charger. This will help maintain the charge of the battery over an extended period of time.


9-26


Vehicle Service and Care


Headlamp Aiming The optical headlamp aiming system has been preset at the factory and should need no further adjustment. However, If the vehicle is damaged in a crash, the headlamp aim may be affected and adjustment may be necessary. If oncoming vehicles flash their high beams at you, this may also mean the vertical aim needs to be adjusted. It is recommended that the vehicle is taken to your dealer/retailer for service if the headlamps need to be re-aimed. It is possible however, to re-aim the headlamps as described.


The vehicle should: (cid:129) Be placed so the headlamps are 25 ft. (7.6 m) from a light colored wall.


(cid:129) Have all four tires on a perfectly


level surface which is level all the way to the wall.


(cid:129) Be placed so it is perpendicular


to the wall.


(cid:129) Not have any snow, ice, or


mud on it.


(cid:129) Be fully assembled and all other


work stopped while headlamp aiming is being done.


(cid:129) Have a full tank of fuel and


one person or 160 lbs (75 kg) on the driver seat.


(cid:129) Have all tires properly inflated.


Headlamp aiming is done with the vehicle’s low-beam headlamps. The high-beam headlamps will be correctly aimed if the low-beam headlamps are aimed properly. To adjust the vertical aim on the headlamps: 1. Open the hood. See Hood


Release on page 9-5 for more information.


2. Locate the aim dot on the lens of


the low-beam headlamp.


Vehicle Service and Care


9-27


Notice: Do not cover a headlamp to improve beam cut-off when aiming. Covering a headlamp may cause excessive heat build-up which may cause damage to the headlamp. 6. Turn on the low-beam headlamps


and place a piece of cardboard or equivalent in front of the headlamp not being adjusted. Do not place it directly on the headlamp. This allows only the beam of light from the headlamp being adjusted to be seen on the flat surface.


3. Record the distance from the ground to the aim dot on the low-beam headlamp.


4. At a wall, measure from the


ground upward (A) to the recorded distance from Step 3
and mark it.


5. Draw or tape a horizontal line (B)


on the wall the width of the vehicle at the height of the mark in Step 4.


7. Locate the vertical headlamp


aiming screws, which are under the hood near each headlamp assembly. The adjustment screw can be turned with a 6 mm socket wrench.


8. Turn the vertical aiming screw


until the headlamp beam is aimed to the horizontal tape line. Turn it clockwise or counterclockwise to raise or lower the angle of the beam.


9-28


Vehicle Service and Care


Bulb Replacement For the proper type of replacement bulbs, see Replacement Bulbs on page 9-33. For any bulb changing procedure not listed in this section, contact your dealer/retailer.


Halogen Bulbs


{ CAUTION


Halogen bulbs have pressurized gas inside and can burst if you drop or scratch the bulb. You or others could be injured. Be sure to read and follow the instructions on the bulb package.


Front Turn Signal Lamps


1. The bulbs of the turn signal lamp are replaced through openings in the front wheel wells. Turn the wheel to gain access to the push tabs and remove the cover.


9. Make sure that the light from the


headlamp is positioned at the bottom edge of the horizontal tape line. The lamp on the left (A) shows the correct headlamp aim. The lamp on the right (B) shows the incorrect headlamp aim.


10. Repeat Steps 7 through 9 for


the opposite headlamp.


Taillamps (Five-Door Hatchback)


Vehicle Service and Care


9-29


To replace one of these bulbs: 1. Open the liftgate. 2. To replace the bulbs on the driver side, turn both locks and remove the cover.


2. Turn the bulb socket


counterclockwise and pull straight out.


3. Turn bulb counterclockwise


and remove.


4. Install new bulb. 5. Reverse Steps 2 through 4 to


reinstall.


A. Backup Lamp B. Taillamp C. Taillamp/Stoplamp/Turn


Signal Lamp


To replace the bulbs on the passenger side, turn the lock clockwise and remove the cover.


3. Detach the plug connector


from the bulb assembly.


9-30


Vehicle Service and Care


9. Install a new bulb without


touching the glass.


10. Reinstall the bulb assembly in


taillamp assembly.


Taillamps (Three-Door Hatchback)


4. Turn the nuts counterclockwise and hold the outside of taillamp assembly.


5. Pull the taillamp assembly


straight out.


6. Remove the three nuts. 7. Press on the tabs on the outside of bulb assembly and remove the bulb assembly.


8. Remove the bulb from the bulb


assembly.


11. Make sure the seals are applied


to the taillamp assembly and screws.


12. Insert the taillamp assembly


into the body.


13. Reinstall the three nuts. 14. Attach the plug connector to the


bulb assembly.


A. Backup Lamp B. Taillamp C. Taillamp/Stoplamp/Turn


Signal Lamp


Vehicle Service and Care


9-31


To replace one of these bulbs: 1. Open the liftgate. See Liftgate on


page 2-6 for more information. 2. Detach the plug connector from


the bulb assembly.


5. Remove the seal. 6. Press on the tabs on outside of bulb assembly and remove the bulb assembly.


7. Remove the bulb from the bulb


assembly.


8. Install a new bulb without


touching the glass.


9. Reinstall the bulb assembly in


taillamp assembly.


10. Make sure the seals are applied


to the taillamp assembly and screws.


11. Insert the taillamp assembly


into the body.


12. Reinstall the three nuts. 13. Attach the plug connector to the


bulb assembly.


3. Turn the nuts counterclockwise and hold the outside of taillamp assembly.


4. Pull the taillamp assembly


straight out.


9-32


Vehicle Service and Care


License Plate Lamp To replace one of these bulbs:


1. Push tab in and pull down on it to


remove the license plate lamp.


2. Turn and pull the license plate


lamp toward you through the opening.


3. Turn the bulb socket


counterclockwise and pull the bulb straight out of the socket.


4. Install the new bulb. 5. Reverse Steps 1 through 3 to


reinstall the license plate lamp.


Replacement Bulbs


Exterior Lamp


Front Turn Signal Lamp License Plate Lamp Parking Lamp Taillamp


Bulb


Number


3157 NAK


W5W


4157K W21


For replacement bulbs not listed here, contact your dealer/retailer.


Vehicle Service and Care


9-33


Electrical System Add-On Electrical Equipment Notice: Do not add anything electrical to your vehicle unless you check with your dealer/retailer first. Some electrical equipment can damage your vehicle and the damage would not be covered by your warranty. Some add-on electrical equipment can keep other components from working as they should. Add-on equipment can drain your vehicle’s battery, even if your vehicle is not operating.


Your vehicle has an airbag system. Before attempting to add anything electrical to your vehicle, see Servicing Your Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 1-34.


Headlamp Wiring The headlamp wiring is protected by fuses in the fuse block. An electrical overload will cause the lamps to turn off. If this happens, have your headlamp wiring checked right away.


9-34


Vehicle Service and Care


Windshield Wiper Fuses The windshield wiper motor is protected by a circuit breaker and a fuse. If the motor overheats due to heavy snow, etc., the wiper will stop until the motor cools. If the overload is caused by some electrical problem, have it fixed.


Power Windows and Other Power Options Circuit breakers in the fuse block protect the power windows and other power accessories. When the current load is too heavy, the circuit breaker opens and closes, protecting the circuit until the problem is fixed or goes away.


Fuses The wiring circuits in your vehicle are protected from short circuits by a combination of fuses and circuit breakers. This greatly reduces the chance of damage caused by electrical problems. Look at the silver-colored band inside the fuse. If the band is broken or melted, replace the fuse. Be sure to replace a bad fuse with a new one of the identical size and rating. There are two fuse blocks in your vehicle: one in the engine compartment and one in the trunk. There is a fuse puller located on the rear compartment fuse block. See Rear Compartment Fuse Block on page 9-36. It can be used to easily remove fuses from the fuse block.


Engine Compartment Fuse Block The engine compartment fuse block is located in the front left side of the engine compartment. Engine Compartment Overview on page 9-6. To open the fuse block cover, insert a tool into the latch and turn. Pull up on the cover to remove. Notice: Spilling liquid on any electrical components on your vehicle may damage it. Always keep the covers on any electrical component.


Vehicle Service and Care


9-35


Fuses


Usage Antilock Brake System (ABS) Valves ABS Pump


Fuses


Usage Climate Control System (Ignition) Engine Cooling Fan (AT and AC only)


Fuses


Usage


Engine Cooling Fan Windshield & Liftgate Glass Washer Motor


9-36


Vehicle Service and Care


Fuses


Usage


Fuses


Usage


10
13


14


15


16


17
18
20


21


22
24


Horn Door Locks Foglamps Windshield Wipers (high speed) Windshield Wipers (low speed) Antilock Brake System, Brake Lamp Switch Vacuum Pump Starter Air Conditioning Clutch Engine Control Module (ECM) (Main Relay) ECM (Battery) Fuel Pump/Injectors


26


27


28


29


30
32


34


35


36


ECM (Sensor and Actuators) Power Steering Automatic Transmission (Battery) Automatic Transmission (Ignition) ECM (Ignition) Brake Switch Steering Column Module Radio OnStar™ Module/ OnStar™ Interface Module/Display


Rear Compartment Fuse Block To open the liftgate, See Liftgate on page 2-6.


The rear compartment fuse block is located on the left side of the cargo area behind a cover.


Use the fuse puller, to remove and replace fuses.


Vehicle Service and Care


9-37


Fuses


Usage


Front Power Window Cluster


Fuses


11


Usage Climate Control System (Battery) Rear Defogger


Fuses


Usage


12


14


Rear Windshield Wiper Climate Control System (Ignition)


9-38


Vehicle Service and Care


Fuses


Usage


16


17


18
21
22
23


24


29


34
38
39


40


Front Passenger Seat Detection Sensor Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)/ Rain Sensor/Inside Rearview Mirror Interior Lights Outside Mirror Heating Sunroof Rear Power Window Diagnostic Link Connector Accessory Power Outlet (APO) Sunroof Door Locks Seat Heating Driver Seat Heating Front Passenger


Tires Your new vehicle comes with high-quality tires made by a leading tire manufacturer. If you ever have questions about the tire warranty and where to obtain service, see the “Limited Warranty, Maintenance and Owner Assistance Information” manual for details.


{ CAUTION


(cid:129) Poorly maintained and


improperly used tires are dangerous.


(cid:129) Overloading your tires can


cause overheating as a result of too much flexing. You could have an air-out and a serious accident. See Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30.


(Continued)


CAUTION (Continued)


(cid:129) Underinflated tires pose


the same danger as overloaded tires. The resulting accident could cause serious injury. Check all tires frequently to maintain the recommended pressure. Tire pressure should be checked when your tires are cold. See Inflation - Tire Pressure on page 9-46.


(cid:129) Overinflated tires are more likely to be cut, punctured, or broken by a sudden impact — such as when you hit a pothole. Keep tires at the recommended pressure.


(Continued)


Vehicle Service and Care


9-39


If the vehicle has Notice: low-profile tires, they are more susceptible to damage from road hazards or curb impact than standard profile tires. Tire and/or wheel assembly damage can occur when coming into contact with road hazards like, potholes, or sharp edged objects, or when sliding into a curb. The vehicle warranty does not cover this type of damage. Keep tires set to the correct inflation pressure and, when possible avoid contact with curbs, potholes, and other road hazards.


CAUTION (Continued)


(cid:129) Worn, old tires can cause


accidents. If your tread is badly worn, or if your tires have been damaged, replace them.


See High-Speed Operation on page 9-47 for inflation pressure adjustment for high speed driving.


Low-Profile Tires If the vehicle has 225/40ZR18
or 215/45R18 size tires, they are classified as low-profile performance tires. These tires are designed for very responsive driving on wet or dry pavement. You may also notice more road noise with low-profile performance tires and that they tend to wear faster.


Winter Tires If the vehicle has 225/40ZR18 or 215/45R18 size tires, they are classified as low-profile performance tires. These tires are designed for very responsive driving on wet or dry pavement. If you expect to drive on snow or ice covered roads often, you may want to get winter tires for your vehicle. All season tires provide good overall performance on most surfaces but they may not offer the traction you would like or the same level of performance as winter tires on snow or ice covered roads. Winter tires, in general, are designed for increased traction on snow and ice covered roads. With winter tires, there may be decreased dry road traction, increased road noise, and shorter tire tread life. After switching to winter tires, be alert for changes in vehicle handling and braking.


9-40


Vehicle Service and Care


See your dealer/retailer for details regarding winter tire availability and proper tire selection. Also, see Buying New Tires on page 9-54. If you choose to use winter tires: (cid:129) Use tires of the same brand and


tread type on all four wheel positions.


(cid:129) Use only radial ply tires of the


same size, load range, and speed rating as your original equipment tires.


Winter tires with the same speed rating as the original equipment tires may not be available for H, V, W, Y and ZR speed rated tires. If you choose winter tires with a lower speed rating, never exceed the tire’s maximum speed capability.


Tire Sidewall Labeling Useful information about a tire is molded into its sidewall. The examples below show a typical passenger vehicle tire and a compact spare tire sidewall.


Passenger (P-Metric) Tire


Example


(A) Tire Size: The tire size is a combination of letters and numbers used to define a particular tire’s width, height, aspect ratio, construction type, and service description. See the “Tire Size” illustration later in this section for more detail. (B) TPC Spec (Tire Performance Criteria Specification): Original equipment tires designed to GM’s specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall. GM’s TPC specifications meet or exceed all federal safety guidelines. (C) DOT (Department of Transportation): The Department of Transportation (DOT) code indicates that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation Motor Vehicle Safety Standards.


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(D) Tire Identification Number (TIN): The letters and numbers following DOT (Department of Transportation) code is the Tire Identification Number (TIN). The TIN shows the manufacturer and plant code, tire size, and date the tire was manufactured. The TIN is molded onto both sides of the tire, although only one side may have the date of manufacture. (E) Tire Ply Material: The type of cord and number of plies in the sidewall and under the tread. (F) Uniform Tire Quality Grading (UTQG): Tire manufacturers are required to grade tires based on three performance factors: treadwear, traction, and temperature resistance. For more information see Uniform Tire Quality Grading on page 9-56.


(G) Maximum Cold Inflation Load Limit: Maximum load that can be carried and the maximum pressure needed to support that load.


Compact Spare Tire Example


(A) Tire Ply Material: The type of cord and number of plies in the sidewall and under the tread.


(B) Temporary Use Only: The compact spare tire or temporary use tire has a tread life of approximately 3,000 miles (5 000 km) and should not be driven at speeds over 50 mph (80 km/h). The compact spare tire is for emergency use when a regular road tire has lost air and gone flat. If your vehicle has a compact spare tire. See Compact Spare Tire on page 9-67 and If a Tire Goes Flat on page 9-60. (C) Tire Identification Number (TIN): The letters and numbers following the DOT (Department of Transportation) code is the Tire Identification Number (TIN). The TIN shows the manufacturer and plant code, tire size, and date the tire was manufactured. The TIN is molded onto both sides of the tire, although only one side may have the date of manufacture.


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(G) TPC Spec (Tire Performance Criteria Specification): Original equipment tires designed to GM’s specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall. GM’s TPC specifications meet or exceed all federal safety guidelines. Tire Size The following illustration shows an example of a typical passenger vehicle tire size.


(D) Maximum Cold Inflation Load Limit: Maximum load that can be carried and the maximum pressure needed to support that load. (E) Tire Inflation: The temporary use tire or compact spare tire should be inflated to 60 psi (420 kPa). For more information on tire pressure and inflation see Inflation - Tire Pressure on page 9-46. (F) Tire Size : A combination of letters and numbers define a tire’s width, height, aspect ratio, construction type, and service description. The letter T as the first character in the tire size means the tire is for temporary use only.


(A) Passenger (P-Metric) Tire: The United States version of a metric tire sizing system. The letter P as the first character in the tire size means a passenger vehicle tire engineered to standards set by the U.S. Tire and Rim Association. (B) Tire Width: The three-digit number indicates the tire section width in millimeters from sidewall to sidewall. (C) Aspect Ratio: A two-digit number that indicates the tire height-to-width measurements. For example, if the tire size aspect ratio is 60, as shown in item C of the illustration, it would mean that the tire’s sidewall is 60 percent as high as it is wide.


(D) Construction Code: A letter code is used to indicate the type of ply construction in the tire. The letter R means radial ply construction; the letter D means diagonal or bias ply construction; and the letter B means belted-bias ply construction. (E) Rim Diameter: Diameter of the wheel in inches. (F) Service Description: These characters represent the load range and speed rating of the tire. The load index represents the load carry capacity a tire is certified to carry. The load index can range from 1 to 279. The speed rating is the maximum speed a tire is certified to carry a load. Speed ratings range from A to Z.


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Tire Terminology and Definitions Air Pressure: The amount of air inside the tire pressing outward on each square inch of the tire. Air pressure is expressed in pounds per square inch (psi) or kilopascal (kPa). Accessory Weight: This means the combined weight of optional accessories. Some examples of optional accessories are, automatic transmission, power steering, power brakes, power windows, power seats, and air conditioning. Aspect Ratio: The relationship of a tire’s height to its width. Belt: A rubber coated layer of cords that is located between the plies and the tread. Cords may be made from steel or other reinforcing materials.


Bead: The tire bead contains steel wires wrapped by steel cords that hold the tire onto the rim. Bias Ply Tire: A pneumatic tire in which the plies are laid at alternate angles less than 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. Cold Tire Pressure: The amount of air pressure in a tire, measured in pounds per square inch (psi) or kilopascals (kPa) before a tire has built up heat from driving. See Inflation - Tire Pressure on page 9-46. Curb Weight: The weight of a motor vehicle with standard and optional equipment including the maximum capacity of fuel, oil, and coolant, but without passengers and cargo.


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DOT Markings: A code molded into the sidewall of a tire signifying that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) motor vehicle safety standards. The DOT code includes the Tire Identification Number (TIN), an alphanumeric designator which can also identify the tire manufacturer, production plant, brand, and date of production. GVWR: Gross Vehicle Weight Rating. See Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30. GAWR FRT: Gross Axle Weight Rating for the front axle. See Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30. GAWR RR: Gross Axle Weight Rating for the rear axle. See Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30.


Intended Outboard Sidewall: The side of an asymmetrical tire, that must always face outward when mounted on a vehicle. Kilopascal (kPa): The metric unit for air pressure. Light Truck (LT-Metric) Tire: A tire used on light duty trucks and some multipurpose passenger vehicles. Load Index: An assigned number ranging from 1 to 279
that corresponds to the load carrying capacity of a tire. Maximum Inflation Pressure: The maximum air pressure to which a cold tire can be inflated. The maximum air pressure is molded onto the sidewall. Maximum Load Rating: The load rating for a tire at the maximum permissible inflation pressure for that tire.


Maximum Loaded Vehicle Weight: The sum of curb weight, accessory weight, vehicle capacity weight, and production options weight. Normal Occupant Weight: The number of occupants a vehicle is designed to seat multiplied by 150 lbs (68 kg). See Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30. Occupant Distribution: Designated seating positions. Outward Facing Sidewall: The side of an asymmetrical tire that has a particular side that faces outward when mounted on a vehicle. The side of the tire that contains a whitewall, bears white lettering, or bears manufacturer, brand, and/or model name molding that is higher or deeper than the same moldings on the other sidewall of the tire.


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Traction: The friction between the tire and the road surface. The amount of grip provided. Tread: The portion of a tire that comes into contact with the road. Treadwear Indicators: Narrow bands, sometimes called wear bars, that show across the tread of a tire when only 1/16 inch (1.6 mm) of tread remains. See When It Is Time for New Tires on page 9-53. UTQGS (Uniform Tire Quality Grading Standards): A tire information system that provides consumers with ratings for a tire’s traction, temperature, and treadwear. Ratings are determined by tire manufacturers using government testing procedures. The ratings are molded into the sidewall of the tire. See Uniform Tire Quality Grading on page 9-56.


Vehicle Capacity Weight: The number of designated seating positions multiplied by 150 lbs (68 kg) plus the rated cargo load. See Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30. Vehicle Maximum Load on the Tire: Load on an individual tire due to curb weight, accessory weight, occupant weight, and cargo weight. Vehicle Placard: A label permanently attached to a vehicle showing the vehicle’s capacity weight and the original equipment tire size and recommended inflation pressure. See “Tire and Loading Information Label” under Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30.


Passenger (P-Metric) Tire: A tire used on passenger cars and some light duty trucks and multipurpose vehicles. Recommended Inflation Pressure: Vehicle manufacturer’s recommended tire inflation pressure as shown on the tire placard. See Inflation - Tire Pressure on page 9-46 and Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30. Radial Ply Tire: A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. Rim: A metal support for a tire and upon which the tire beads are seated. Sidewall: The portion of a tire between the tread and the bead. Speed Rating: An alphanumeric code assigned to a tire indicating the maximum speed at which a tire can operate.


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Inflation - Tire Pressure Tires need the correct amount of air pressure to operate effectively. Notice: Do not let anyone tell you that under-inflation or over-inflation is all right. It is not. If your tires do not have enough air (under-inflation), you can get the following: (cid:129) Too much flexing (cid:129) Too much heat (cid:129) Tire overloading (cid:129) Premature or irregular wear (cid:129) Poor handling (cid:129) Reduced fuel economy If your tires have too much air (over-inflation), you can get the following: (cid:129) Unusual wear (cid:129) Poor handling (cid:129) Rough ride (cid:129) Needless damage from


road hazards


A vehicle specific Tire and Loading Information label is attached to your vehicle. This label shows your vehicle’s original equipment tires and the correct inflation pressures for your tires when they are cold. The recommended cold tire inflation pressure, shown on the label, is the minimum amount of air pressure needed to support your vehicle’s maximum load carrying capacity. For additional information regarding how much weight your vehicle can carry, and an example of the Tire and Loading Information label, see Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30. How you load your vehicle affects vehicle handling and ride comfort. Never load your vehicle with more weight than it was designed to carry.


When to Check Check your tires once a month or more. Do not forget to check the compact spare tire, it should be at 60 psi (420 kPa). For additional information regarding the compact spare tire, see Compact Spare Tire on page 9-67. How to Check Use a good quality pocket-type gage to check tire pressure. You cannot tell if your tires are properly inflated simply by looking at them. Radial tires may look properly inflated even when they are under-inflated. Check the tire’s inflation pressure when the tires are cold. Cold means your vehicle has been sitting for at least three hours or driven no more than 1 mile (1.6 km).


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Remove the valve cap from the tire valve stem. Press the tire gage firmly onto the valve to get a pressure measurement. If the cold tire inflation pressure matches the recommended pressure on the Tire and Loading Information label, no further adjustment is necessary. If the inflation pressure is low, add air until you reach the recommended amount. If you overfill the tire, release air by pushing on the metal stem in the center of the tire valve. Re-check the tire pressure with the tire gage. Be sure to put the valve caps back on the valve stems. They help prevent leaks by keeping out dirt and moisture.


High-Speed Operation


{ CAUTION


Driving at high speeds, 100 mph (160 km/h) or higher, puts an additional strain on tires. Sustained high-speed driving causes excessive heat build up and can cause sudden tire failure. You could have a crash and you or others could be killed. Some high-speed rated tires require inflation pressure adjustment for high speed operation. When speed limits and road conditions are such that a vehicle can be driven at high speeds, make sure the tires are rated for high speed operation, in excellent condition, and set to the correct cold tire inflation pressure for the vehicle load.


If the vehicle has P205/55R16 size tires, additional air pressure is required when driving the vehicle at speeds of 99 mph (158 km/h) or higher. Set the cold tire inflation pressure to the maximum inflation pressure shown on the tire sidewall, or 32 psi (220 kPa), whichever is lower. See the example following. Example: The maximum load and inflation pressure is molded on the tire’s sidewall, in small letters, near the rim flange. It reads something like this: Maximum load 710 kg (1565 lbs) 350 kPa (51 psi) Max. Press. For this example, the cold tire inflation pressure for high-speed driving should be set at 32 psi (220 kPa).


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When high-speed driving ends, return the tire pressure to the recommended cold inflation pressure shown on the Tire and Loading Information label. See Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30. Tire pressure should be checked and correctly set when the tires are cold. See Inflation - Tire Pressure on page 9-46.


Tire Pressure Monitor System The Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) uses radio and sensor technology to check tire pressure levels. The TPMS sensors monitor the air pressure in your vehicle’s tires and transmit tire pressure readings to a receiver located in the vehicle. Each tire, including the spare (if provided), should be checked monthly when cold and inflated to the inflation pressure recommended by the vehicle manufacturer on the vehicle placard or tire inflation


pressure label. (If your vehicle has tires of a different size than the size indicated on the vehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label, you should determine the proper tire inflation pressure for those tires.) As an added safety feature, your vehicle has been equipped with a tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) that illuminates a low tire pressure telltale when one or more of your tires is significantly under-inflated. Accordingly, when the low tire pressure telltale illuminates, you should stop and check your tires as soon as possible, and inflate them to the proper pressure. Driving on a significantly under-inflated tire causes the tire to overheat and can lead to tire failure. Under-inflation also reduces fuel efficiency and tire tread life, and may affect the vehicle’s handling and stopping ability.


Please note that the TPMS is not a substitute for proper tire maintenance, and it is the driver’s responsibility to maintain correct tire pressure, even if under-inflation has not reached the level to trigger illumination of the TPMS low tire pressure telltale. Your vehicle has also been equipped with a TPMS malfunction indicator to indicate when the system is not operating properly. The TPMS malfunction indicator is combined with the low tire pressure telltale. When the system detects a malfunction, the telltale will flash for approximately one minute and then remain continuously illuminated. This sequence will continue upon subsequent vehicle start-ups as long as the malfunction exists.


When the malfunction indicator is illuminated, the system may not be able to detect or signal low tire pressure as intended. TPMS malfunctions may occur for a variety of reasons, including the installation of replacement or alternate tires or wheels on the vehicle that prevent the TPMS from functioning properly. Always check the TPMS malfunction telltale after replacing one or more tires or wheels on your vehicle to ensure that the replacement or alternate tires and wheels allow the TPMS to continue to function properly. See Tire Pressure Monitor Operation on page 9-50 for additional information.


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Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and Industry and Science Canada The Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) operates on a radio frequency and complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: 1. This device may not cause


harmful interference.


2. This device must accept any


interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.


The TPMS operates on a radio frequency and complies with RSS-210 of Industry and Science Canada. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: 1. This device may not cause


interference.


2. This device must accept any


interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.


Changes or modifications to this system by other than an authorized service facility could void authorization to use this equipment.


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Tire Pressure Monitor Operation The Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) is designed to warn the driver when a low tire pressure condition exists. TPMS sensors are mounted onto each tire and wheel assembly, excluding the spare tire. The TPMS sensors monitor the air pressure in the vehicle’s tires and transmit tire pressure readings to a receiver located in the vehicle.


When a low tire pressure condition is detected, the TPMS illuminates the low tire pressure warning light located in the instrument panel cluster.


The low tire pressure warning light comes on at each ignition cycle until the tires are inflated to the correct inflation pressure. The low tire pressure warning light may come on in cool weather when the vehicle is first started, and then turn off as you start to drive. This could be an early indicator that the air pressure in the tire(s) are getting low and need to be inflated to the proper pressure. You must begin driving before the TPMS system is operational. TPMS sensors need to be installed onto the full-size tire and wheel assemblies, and the tires adjusted to the manufacturers’ recommended tire pressure amount. A Tire and Load Information label is attached to the vehicle, and shows the size of the vehicle’s original equipment tires and the correct inflation pressure for the tires when they are cold. See Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30, for an


example of the Tire and Load Information label and its location on the vehicle. Also see Inflation - Tire Pressure on page 9-46. The vehicle’s TPMS can warn you about a low tire pressure condition but it does not replace normal tire maintenance. See Tire Inspection and Rotation on page 9-51 and Tires on page 9-38. Notice: Liquid tire sealants could damage the Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) sensors. Sensor damage caused by using a tire sealant is not covered by your warranty. Do not use liquid tire sealants. Each TPMS sensor has a unique identification code. Any time you replace one or more of the TPMS sensors or rotate the vehicle’s tires, the identification codes are automatically learned by the TPMS. This occurs within a few moments of driving the vehicle over 19 mph (31 km/h).


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(cid:129) Replacement tires or wheels do not match the vehicle’s original equipment tires or wheels. Tires and wheels other than those recommended for the vehicle could prevent the TPMS from functioning properly. See Buying New Tires on page 9-54.


(cid:129) Operating electronic devices or being near facilities using radio wave frequencies similar to the TPMS could cause the TPMS sensors to malfunction.


If the TPMS is not functioning it cannot detect or signal a low tire condition. See your dealer/retailer for service if the TPMS malfunction light comes on and stays on.


TPMS Malfunction Light The TPMS will not function properly if one or more of the TPMS sensors are missing or inoperable. When the system detects a malfunction, the low tire warning light flashes for about one minute and then stays on for the remainder of the ignition cycle. Some of the conditions that can cause the malfunction light to come on are: (cid:129) One of the road tires has been


replaced with the spare tire. The spare tire does not have a TPMS sensor. The TPMS malfunction light and DIC message should go off once you re-install the road tire containing the TPMS sensor.


(cid:129) One or more TPMS sensors are missing or damaged. The TPMS malfunction light should go off after the TPMS sensors are installed and the vehicle is driven for a few moments over 19 mph (31 km/h). See your dealer/retailer for service.


Tire Inspection and Rotation Inspect tires regularly for signs of wear or damage. Also inspect the spare tire. For more information on tire inspection, see When It Is Time for New Tires on page 9-53. Rotating vehicle tires helps them to wear evenly and keeps the vehicle performing like it did when tires were new. Rotate the tires and check wheel alignment approximately every 5,000 to 8,000 miles (8 000 to 13 000 km) or when unusual tire wear is noted. See “Scheduled Maintenance” in the Index of the “Limited Warranty, Maintenance and Owner Assistance Information” manual for more information. Also check the wheels for damage, see Wheel Replacement on page 9-58
for more information.


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{ CAUTION


Rust or dirt on a wheel, or on the parts to which it is fastened, can make wheel bolts become loose after time. The wheel could come off and cause a crash. When you change a wheel, remove any rust or dirt from places where the wheel attaches to the vehicle using a scraper or wire brush.


Installing wheels with a good metal-to-metal contact at the mounting surfaces is necessary to prevent wheel bolts from becoming loose.


To prevent corrosion or rust build-up, lightly coat the wheel hub center and the cone-shaped surface of each wheel bolt with wheel bearing grease, after a wheel change. See Changing a Flat Tire on page 9-60 for information on installing the tire and wheel assembly. Also see “Wheel Bolt Torque” under Capacities and Specifications on page 10-2. Adjust the front and rear tires to the recommended cold tire inflation pressure shown on the Tire and Loading Information label. See Inflation - Tire Pressure on page 9-46 and Loading the Vehicle on page 8-30.


Use this pattern when rotating the vehicle tires. Do not include the compact spare tire in the

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