1998 Nissan Sentra Owners Manual

c Never ride in a vehicle that is being

towed.

c Never get under your vehicle after it

has been lifted by a tow truck.

CAUTION

c When towing, make sure that the transmission, axles, steering system and powertrain are in working con- dition. If any unit is damaged, dollies must be used.

c When towing with the front wheels

on the ground:

Turn the ignition key to the OFF position and secure the steering wheel in a straight ahead position with a rope or similar device. Never place the ignition key in the LOCK position. This will result in damage to the steering lock mechanism. Move the gearshift lever to the N (Neutral) position. On automatic transmission models, to move the shift lever to the N (Neu- tral) position turn the ignition key to the ACC position. After moving the shift lever to the N (Neutral) position, be sure to turn the ignition key to the OFF position.

c When towing with the rear wheels on release the parking

the ground, brake. On automatic transmission models, to move the shift lever to the N (Neu- tral) position, turn the ignition key to the ACC position. After moving the shift lever to the Neutral position, be sure to turn the ignition key to the OFF position.

c Attach safety chains for all towing.

ACE0511

NISSAN recommends that your vehicle be towed with the driving (front) wheels off the ground as illustrated.

In case of emergency 6-11

Z X

c Speed: Below 30 MPH (50 km/h) c Distance: Less than 40 miles (65

km)

VEHICLE RECOVERY (freeing a stuck vehicle) c Tow chains or cables must be attached only to the main structual members of the vehicle.

c Pulling devices should be routed so they do not touch any part of the suspension, steering, brake or cooling systems.

c Always pull the cable straight out from the front or rear of the vehicle. Never pull the vehicle at an angle.

c Pulling devices such as ropes or canvas straps are not recommended for use in vehicle towing or recovery.

c Stand clear of a stuck vehicle.

WARNING

Do not spin your tires at high speed. This could cause them to explode and result in serious injury. Parts of your vehicle could also overheat and be damaged.

CE1052

CAUTION

c Never tow an automatic transmission model with the rear wheels raised (with the front wheels on the ground) as this may cause serious and expen- sive damage to the transmission. If it is necessary to tow the vehicle with the rear wheels raised, always use a towing dolly under the front wheels.

c If you have to tow an automatic trans- mission model with four wheels on the ground, observe the following re- stricted towing speeds and distances:

6-12 In case of emergency

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7 Appearance and care

Cleaning exterior and interior.................................7-2

Corrosion protection...............................................7-5

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CLEANING EXTERIOR AND INTERIOR

MAI0001

In order to maintain the appearance of your vehicle, it is important to take proper care of it. In the following cases, please wash your vehicle as soon as possible to protect the paint surface: c after a rainfall to prevent possible dam-

age from acid rain.

c after driving on coastal roads. c when contaminants such as soot, bird droppings, tree sap, metal particles or bugs get on the paint surface.

7-2 Appearance and care

c when dust or mud builds up on the paint

surface.

Whenever possible, store or park your ve- hicle inside a garage or in a covered area. When it is necessary to park outside, park in a shady area or protect the vehicle with a body cover. Be careful not to scratch the paint sur- face when putting on or removing the body cover. Washing Wash dirt off with a wet sponge and plenty of water. Clean the vehicle thoroughly using a mild soap, a special vehicle soap or general purpose dishwashing liquid mixed with clean, lukewarm (never hot) water.

CAUTION

c Do not use strong household soap, strong chemical detergents, gaso- line or solvents.

c Do not wash the vehicle in direct sunlight or while the vehicle body is hot, as the surface may become wa- terspotted.

c Avoid using tight-napped or rough cloths such as washing mitts. Care must be taken when removing caked-on dirt or other foreign sub- stances so the paint surface is not scratched or damaged.

Rinse the vehicle thoroughly with plenty of clean water. Inside flanges, seams and folds on the doors, hatches and hood are particularly vulnerable to the effects of road salt. There- fore, these areas must be cleaned regularly. Take care that the drain holes in the lower edge of the door are open. Spray water under the body and in the wheel wells to loosen the dirt and wash away road salt. A damp chamois can be used to dry the vehicle to avoid water spots. Waxing Regular waxing protects the paint surface and helps retain new vehicle appearance. After waxing, polishing is recommended to remove built-up residue and to avoid a ‘‘weathered’’ appearance. An authorized NISSAN dealer can assist

Z X

you in choosing the proper product. c Wax your vehicle only after a thorough washing. Follow the instructions supplied with the wax.

c Do not use a wax containing any abra- sives, cutting compounds or cleaners that may damage the vehicle finish.

c If the surface does not polish easily, use

a “road tar” remover and wax again.

Machine compounding or aggressive pol- ishing on a base coat/clear coat paint finish may dull the finish or leave swirl marks. Only use black wax or black shoe polish on black urethane or polypropylene bumpers. Removing spots Remove tar and oil spots, industrial dust, insects, and tree sap as quickly as possible from the surface of the paint to avoid lasting damage or staining. Special cleaning prod- ucts are available at an authorized NISSAN dealer or any automotive accessory store. Underbody In areas where road salt is used in winter, the underbody must be cleaned regularly. This prevents dirt and salt from building up

and causing underbody and suspension corrosion. Before winter and again in the spring, the underseal must be checked and, if necessary, re-treated. Use glass cleaner to remove smoke and dust film from the glass surfaces. It is nor- mal for glass to become coated with a film after the vehicle is parked in the hot sun. Glass cleaner and a soft cloth easily remove this film.

CAUTION

When cleaning the inside of the win- dow, do not use sharp-edged tools, abrasive cleaners or chlorine based disinfectant cleaners. They could dam- age the rear window defogger.

Cleaning aluminum alloy wheels Wash the wheels regularly, especially dur- ing winter months in areas where road salt is used. If not removed, road salt could discolor the wheels. Chrome parts Clean all chrome parts regularly with a non-abrasive chrome polish to maintain the finish.

Cleaning interior Occasionally remove loose dust from the interior trim, plastic parts and seats using a vacuum cleaner or soft brush. Wipe the vinyl and leather surfaces with a clean, soft cloth dampened in mild soap solution, then wipe clean with a dry soft cloth. Before using any fabric protector, read the manu- facturer’s recommendations. Some fabric protectors contain chemicals that may stain or bleach the seat material.

CAUTION

c Never use benzine, thinner, or any

similar material.

c Never use fabric protectors unless recommended by the manufacturer.

Appearance and care 7-3

Z X

Floor mats The use of genuine NISSAN floor mats can extend the life of your vehicle carpet and make it easier to clean the interior. No matter what mats are used, be sure they are fitted for your vehicle and are prop- erly positioned in the footwell to prevent interference with pedal operation. Mats should be maintained with regular cleaning and replaced if they become excessively worn. Seat belts The seat belts can be cleaned by wiping them with a sponge dampened in a mild soap solution. Allow the belts to dry com- pletely before using them.

WARNING

Do not allow wet belts to roll up in the retractor. NEVER use bleach, dye, or chemical solvents since these may se- verely weaken the seat belt webbing.

AAI0602

Floor mat positioning aid (driver’s side only) All models include a front floor mat bracket to act as a floor mat positioning aid. NIS- SAN floor mats have been specially de- signed for your vehicle model. The driver’s side floor mat has a grommet hole incorpo- rated in it. Position the mat by placing the floor mat bracket hook through the floor mat grommet hole while centering the mat in the footwell. Periodically check to make certain the mats are properly positioned. 7-4 Appearance and care

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CORROSION PROTECTION

Most common factors contributing to vehicle corrosion. 1. The accumulation of moisture-retaining dirt and debris in body panel sections, cavities, and other areas.

2. Damage to paint and other protective coatings caused by gravel and stone chips or minor traffic accidents.

Environmental factors influence the rate of corrosion. Moisture Accumulation of sand, dirt and water on the vehicle body underside can accelerate cor- rosion. Wet floor coverings will not dry com- pletely inside the vehicle, and should be removed for drying to avoid floor panel corrosion. Relative humidity Corrosion will be accelerated: c in areas of high relative humidity. c in areas where the temperatures stay

above freezing.

c where atmospheric pollution exists.

c where road salt is used. Temperature High temperatures accelerate the rate of corrosion to those parts which are not well ventilated. Air pollution Industrial pollution, the presence of salt in the air in coastal areas, or heavy road salt use accelerates the corrosion process. Road salt also accelerates the disintegra- tion of paint surfaces. To protect your vehicle from corrosion: c wash and wax your vehicle often to keep

the vehicle clean.

c always check for minor damage to the paint and repair it as soon as possible. c keep drain holes at the bottom of the doors open to avoid water accumulation. c check the underbody for accumulation of sand, dirt or salt. If present, wash with water as soon as possible.

CAUTION

c NEVER remove dirt, sand or other debris from the passenger compart- ment by washing it out with a hose. Remove dirt with a vacuum cleaner or broom.

c Never allow water or other liquids to come in contact with electronic com- ponents inside the vehicle as this may damage them.

Appearance and care 7-5

Z X

MEMO

7-6 Appearance and care

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8 Do-it-yourself

Maintenance precautions .......................................8-2
Engine compartment check locations - GA engine .............................................................8-3
Engine compartment check locations - SR engine..............................................................8-4
Engine cooling system ...........................................8-5
Checking engine coolant level ...............................8-5
Changing engine coolant .......................................8-6
Engine oil ...............................................................8-8
Checking engine oil level .......................................8-8
Changing engine oil ...............................................8-9
Changing engine oil filter .....................................8-10
Automatic transmission fluid (ATF)......................8-11
Temperature conditions for checking ATF...........8-12
Power steering fluid..............................................8-13
Brake fluid ............................................................8-14
Window washer fluid ............................................8-14
Battery ..................................................................8-15

Jump starting........................................................8-16
Drive belts ............................................................8-17
Spark plug replacement .......................................8-18
Air cleaner housing filter ......................................8-19
Wiper blades ........................................................8-20
Parking brake check.............................................8-21
Brake pedal ..........................................................8-21
Brake booster.......................................................8-22
Clutch pedal .........................................................8-23
Fuses and fusible links.........................................8-23
Light bulbs............................................................8-25
Headlights ............................................................8-25
Headlight aiming adjustment................................8-26
Bulb replacement .................................................8-26
Front fog light bulb replacement (if so equipped) ....................................................8-31
Wheels and tires ..................................................8-32

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MAINTENANCE PRECAUTIONS

When performing any inspection or mainte- nance work on your vehicle, always take care to prevent serious accidental injury to yourself or damage to the vehicle. The following are general precautions which should be closely observed.

WARNING

c Park the vehicle on a level surface, apply the parking brake securely and block the wheels to prevent the ve- hicle from moving. For a manual transmission, move the gearshift control lever to N (Neutral). For an automatic transmission, move the shift lever to P (Park).

c Be sure the ignition key is OFF when performing any parts replacement or repairs.

c Be sure to turn the ignition key to the OFF or LOCK position. When the ignition key is in the ON or ACC position, the cooling fan may start to operate suddenly even when the en- gine is not running.

8-2 Do-it-yourself

c If you must work with the engine running, keep your hands, clothing, hair and tools away from moving fans, belts and any other moving parts.

c It is advisable to remove ties and any jewelry, such as rings, watches, etc., before working on your vehicle.

c If you must run the engine in an enclosed space such as a garage, be sure there is proper ventilation for exhaust gases.

c Never get under the vehicle while it is supported by only a jack. If it is necessary to work under the vehicle, support it with safety stands.

c Keep smoking materials, flame and

sparks away from fuel and battery.

c On gasoline engine models with the Injection (MFI) sys- Multiport Fuel tem, lines filter or the fuel should be serviced by an authorized NISSAN dealer because the fuel lines are under high pressure even when the engine is off.

fuel

CAUTION

c Do not work under the hood while the engine is hot. Turn the engine off and wait until it cools down.

c Never connect or disconnect either the battery or any transistorized component connector while the igni- tion is ON.

c Avoid contact with used motor oil. Improperly disposed motor oil and/or other vehicle fluids can hurt the en- vironment. Always conform to local regulations for disposal of vehicle fluid.

This ‘‘Do-it-yourself’’ section gives instruc- tions regarding only those items which are relatively easy for an owner to perform. You should be aware that incomplete or improper servicing may result in operating difficulties or excessive emissions, and could affect your warranty coverage. If in doubt about any servicing, have it done by an authorized NISSAN dealer.

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ENGINE COMPARTMENT CHECK LOCATIONS - GA ENGINE

Do-it-yourself

ADI0620
8-3

Z X

ENGINE COMPARTMENT CHECK LOCATIONS - SR ENGINE

8-4 Do-it-yourself

ADI0621

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ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM

The engine cooling system is filled at the factory with a high-quality, year-round, anti- freeze coolant solution. The anti-freeze so- lution contains rust and corrosion inhibitors; therefore, additional engine cooling system additives are not necessary.

CAUTION

When adding or replacing coolant, be sure to use only an ethylene glycol anti-freeze with the proper mixture ratio of 50% anti-freeze and 50% distilled water. The use of other types of coolant solutions may damage the engine cool- ing system.

Outside tempera- ture down to

°C

−35

°F

−30

Anti- freeze

Distilled water

50%

50%

WARNING

c Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Wait until the en- gine and radiator cool down. Serious

burns could be caused by high pres- sure fluid escaping from the radia- tor.

c See precautions in ‘‘If your vehicle overheats’’ found in the ‘‘In case of emergency’’ section of this manual. c The radiator is equipped with a pres- sure cap. Use only a genuine NISSAN cap when replacement is required.

ADI1046

CHECKING ENGINE COOLANT LEVEL With coolant reservoir Check the coolant level in the reservoir tank when the engine is cold. If the coolant level is below MIN, add coolant up to the MAX level. If the reservoir tank is empty, check the coolant level in the radiator when the engine is cold. If there is insufficient cool- ant the radiator with coolant up to the filler opening and also add it to the reservoir tank up to the MAX level.

in the radiator,

fill

Do-it-yourself

8-5

Z X

If the cooling system frequently requires coolant, have it checked by an autho- rized NISSAN dealer.

found in an appropriate NISSAN Service Manual.

c Improper servicing can result in reduced heater performance and engine over- heating.

WARNING

c To avoid the danger of being scalded, never change the coolant when the engine is hot.

c Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could be caused by high pressure fluid escaping from the radiator.

DI1211M

CHANGING ENGINE COOLANT c Major cooling system repairs should be performed by an authorized NISSAN dealer. The service procedures can be

8-6 Do-it-yourself

Z X

3. Open the radiator cap to drain the cool-

ant.

4. Flush the cooling system by running

fresh water through the radiator.

ADI0615

5. Close the drain plugs on the radiator and

the engine block securely.

6. See the ‘‘Technical and consumer infor- mation’’ section for cooling system ca- pacity. Fill the radiator slowly with the proper mixture of coolant and water. Fill the reservoir tank up to the MAX level.

7. Open and close the air release plug(s) to release air. Then fill the radiator again and install the radiator cap.

8. Start the engine, and warm it up until

it reaches normal operating temperature. Then race the engine two or three times under no load. Watch the engine coolant temperature gauge for signs of overheating. 8-7

Do-it-yourself

Z X

ADI0632

1. Move the heater or air conditioner tem- perature control dial to the maximum hot position.

2. Open the radiator drain plug. Open the

drain plug on the engine block.

ENGINE OIL

DI1249M

DI1217M

DI1251M

9. Stop the engine. After

it completely cools down, refill the radiator up to the filler opening. Fill the reservoir tank up to the MAX level.

10. Open and close the air release plug(s) to release air. Then fill the radiator again and install the radiator cap.

11. Check the drain plugs on the radiator and the engine block for any sign of leakage. Also check the air release plug for any sign of leakage.

8-8 Do-it-yourself

CHECKING ENGINE OIL LEVEL 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and

apply the parking brake.

2. Start the engine and let it idle until

reaches operating temperature.

it

3. Turn off the engine. Wait a few minutes for the oil to drain back into the oil pan.

4. Remove the dipstick and wipe it clean.

Reinsert it all the way.

level.

5. Remove the dipstick again and check the oil It should be between the H (High) and L (Low) marks. If the oil level is below the L (Low) mark, remove the oil filler cap and pour recommended oil through the opening. Do not overfill.

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DI1252M

DI1221M

6. Recheck oil level with the dipstick. It is normal to add some oil between oil maintenance intervals or during the break-in period, depending on the sever- ity of operating conditions.

CAUTION

Oil level should be checked regularly. Operating with an insufficient amount of oil can damage the engine, and such damage is not covered by warranty.

CHANGING ENGINE OIL 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and

apply the parking brake.

2. Run the engine until it reaches operating

temperature, and then turn it off.

3. Remove the oil filler cap. 4. Place a large drain pan under the drain

plug.

5. Remove the drain plug with a wrench and

completely drain the oil.

If the oil filter is to be changed, remove and replace it at this time. See ‘‘Chang- ing engine oil filter’’ later in this section.

CAUTION

Be careful not to burn yourself, as the engine oil is hot.

Waste oil must be disposed of properly. Check your local regulations.

Do-it-yourself

8-9

Z X

DI1151

6. Clean and reinstall the drain plug and washer. Securely tighten the drain plug with a wrench. Drain plug tightening torque:

22 to 29 ft-lb (29 to 39 N†m) Do not overtighten.

7. Refill engine with recommended oil through the oil filler opening then install the oil filler cap securely. See the ‘‘Technical and consumer infor- mation’’ section for refill capacity.

8-10 Do-it-yourself

8. Start

the engine. Check for

leakage around the drain plug and oil filter. Cor- rect as required.

9. Turn the engine off and wait several level with the

minutes. Check the oil dipstick. Add engine oil if necessary.

WARNING

c Prolonged and repeated contact with used engine oil may cause skin can- cer.

c Try to avoid direct skin contact with used oil. If skin contact is made, wash thoroughly with soap or hand cleaner as soon as possible.

c Keep used engine oil out of reach of

children.

DI1222M

CHANGING ENGINE OIL FILTER 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and

apply the parking brake.

2. Turn the engine off. 3. Place a large drain pan under the oil

filter.

4. Loosen the oil

filter with an oil

wrench. Then remove the oil turning it by hand.

filter filter by

CAUTION

Be careful not to burn yourself. The engine oil may be hot.

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AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUID (ATF)

9. Turn the engine off and wait several minutes. Check the oil level. Add engine oil if necessary.

DI1154

5. Wipe the engine oil filter mounting sur-

face with a clean rag. Be sure to remove any old gasket mate- rial remaining on the mounting surface of the engine.

6. Coat the gasket on the new filter with

clean engine oil.

7. Screw on the oil filter until a slight resis- tance is felt, then tighten an additional 2/3 turn.

8. Start the engine and check for leakage around the oil filter. Correct as required.

ADI0614

WARNING

c When engine is running, keep hands, jewelry and clothing away from any moving parts such as cool- ing fan and drive belts.

c Automatic transmission fluid is poi- sonous and should be stored care- fully in marked containers out of the reach of children.

Do-it-yourself

8-11

Z X

TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS FOR CHECKING ATF c The fluid level should be checked using the HOT range on the dipstick after the following conditions have been met:

— The engine should be warmed up to

operating temperature.

— The vehicle should be driven at least 5

minutes.

— The automatic transmission fluid should be warmed to between 122 and 176°F (50 and 80°C).

c The fluid can be checked at fluid tem- peratures of 86 to 122°F (30 to 50°C) using the COLD range on the dipstick after the engine is warmed up and before driving. However, the fluid should be re-checked using the HOT range.

1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and

set the parking brake.

2. Start the engine and then move the shift selector lever through each gear range. Move the shift selector lever to P (Park) after you have moved it through all ranges.

8-12 Do-it-yourself

3. Check the fluid level with the engine

idling.

4. Remove the dipstick and wipe it clean

with lint-free paper.

5. Reinsert the dipstick into the charging

pipe as far as it will go.

6. Remove the dipstick and note the read- ing. If the level is at the low side of either range, add fluid through the charging pipe.

ADI0653

CAUTION

Transmission

DO NOT OVERFILL. Use ONLY Nissan Matic ‘D’ (Continen- tal U.S. and Alaska) or Genuine Nissan Automatic Fluid (Canada). DexronTM III/MerconTM or equivalent may also be used. Outside the continental United States and Alaska contact an authorized Nissan dealership for more information re- garding suitable fluids, including rec- of DexronTM ommended III/MerconTM.

brand(s)

Z X

POWER STEERING FLUID

NOTE: If the vehicle has been driven for a long time at high speeds, or in city traffic in hot weather, or if it is being used to pull a trailer, the accurate fluid level cannot be read. You should wait until the fluid has cooled down (about 30 minutes) be- fore checking fluid level.

ADI0611

Check the fluid level in the reservoir. The fluid level should be checked using the HOT range on the side of the fluid reservoir at fluid temperatures of 122 to 176°F (50 to 80°C) or using the COLD range on the side of the fluid reservoir at fluid temperatures of 32 to 86°F (0 to 30°C).

CAUTION

c Do not overfill. c Recommended

is DEXRONTM III or equivalent.

fluid

type

Z X

Do-it-yourself

8-13

BRAKE FLUID

WINDOW WASHER FLUID

CAUTION

Do not spill the fluid on painted sur- faces. This will damage the paint. If fluid is spilled, wash with water.

DI1226M

Check the brake fluid level in the reservoir. If the fluid is below the MIN line or the brake warning light comes on, add DOT 3 fluid up to the MAX line. fluid must be added frequently, the system should be thoroughly checked by an authorized NISSAN dealer.

If

WARNING Use only new fluid. Old, inferior, or contaminated fluid may damage the brake system. The use of improper flu- ids can damage the brake system and affect the vehicle’s stopping ability.

8-14 Do-it-yourself

ADI0618

To fill the window washer fluid reservoir, lift the cap off the reservoir tank and pour the window washer fluid into the tank opening. Add a washer solvent to the water for better cleaning. In the winter season, add a wind- shield washer antifreeze. Follow the manu- facturer’s instructions for the mixture ratio. USA Only Fill the window washer fluid reservoir peri- odically. Perform the refilling operation more often under driving conditions that require an increased amount of window washer fluid.

Z X

Canada Only Add fluid when the low washer fluid warning light comes on. Add a washer solvent to the water for better cleaning. In the winter sea- son, add a windshield washer antifreeze. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for the mixture ratio.

CAUTION

Do not substitute engine antifreeze coolant for windshield washer solution. This may result in damage to the paint.

BATTERY

c Keep the battery surface clean and dry. Any corrosion should be washed off with a solution of baking soda and water.

c Make certain the terminal connections

are clean and securely tightened.

c If the vehicle is not to be used for 30 days or longer, disconnect the negative (−) battery terminal cable to prevent dis- charge.

WARNING

c Do not expose the battery to flames or electrical sparks. Hydrogen gas generated by battery action is explo- sive. Do not allow battery fluid to contact your skin, eyes, fabrics, or painted surfaces. After touching a battery or battery cap, do not touch or rub your eyes. Thoroughly wash your hands. If the acid contacts your eyes, skin or clothing, immediately flush with water for at least 15 min- utes and seek medical attention.

c When working on or near a battery, always wear suitable eye protection and remove all jewelry.

c Keep the battery out of the reach of

children.

ADI0500

1. To remove the cap, gently pry between the battery cap and cover as illustrated. Use a cloth to protect the battery case.

Do-it-yourself

8-15

Z X

JUMP STARTING If jump starting is necessary, see the ‘‘In case of emergency’’ section of this owner’s manual. If the engine does not start by jump starting, the battery may have to be re- placed. Contact an authorized NISSAN dealer.

ADI0617

2. Check the fluid level in each cell.

If it is necessary to add fluid, add only distilled water to bring the level up to the OK level indicator in each filler opening. Do not overfill.

8-16 Do-it-yourself

Z X

DRIVE BELTS

WARNING

Be sure the ignition key is OFF. The engine could rotate unexpectedly.

1. Visually inspect each belt for signs of unusual wear, cuts, fraying or looseness. If the belt is in poor condition or loose, have it replaced or adjusted by an autho- rized NISSAN dealer.

2. Have the belts checked regularly for con- dition and tension in accordance with the maintenance schedule found in the ‘‘Maintenance’’ section of this manual.

ADI0627

Do-it-yourself

8-17

Z X

GA16DE Engine 1. Remove brackets as necessary to give access to the high tension cables and spark plugs.

2. Disconnect the spark plug cables from

the spark plugs. When disconnecting, always hold the boots, not the cables. Mark all cables to identify their original locations.

SPARK PLUG REPLACEMENT

DI1229M

WARNING

Be sure the engine and ignition switch are off and that the parking brake is engaged securely.

CAUTION

Be sure to use the correct socket to remove the plugs. An incorrect socket can cause damage.

8-18 Do-it-yourself

DI1017M

3. Remove the spark plugs with a spark

plug socket. The spark plug socket has a rubber seal that holds the spark plug so it does not fall when it is pulled out. Make sure each spark plug is snugly fitted into the spark plug socket.

4. On conventional spark plugs, check the gap on each new spark plug with a feeler gauge. (The spark plug gap is shown in the ‘‘Technical and consumer information’’ section of this manual.) Ad- just the gap as required.

Z X

5. Fit the new plugs, one at a time, into the spark plug socket and install them. Turn each plug in several full turns by hand, then tighten with the spark plug socket to the correct torque. Do not overtighten. Spark plug tightening torque:

14 to 22 ft-lb (20 to 29 Nzm)

6. Holding the boot, reconnect each high tension cable to its proper spark plug by pushing it on until you feel a snap. 7. Reinstall all brackets as necessary.

AIR CLEANER HOUSING FILTER

DI0205

SR20DE Engine Platinum-tipped spark plug It is not necessary to replace platinum- tipped spark plugs as frequently as conven- tional type spark plugs because they last much longer. Follow the maintenance schedule, but do not reuse the spark plugs by cleaning or regapping. Blue rings on the ceramic portion indicate that the plugs are platinum-tipped. c Always replace spark plugs with rec-

ommended or equivalent ones.

ADI0631
The air cleaner filter should not be cleaned and reused. Replace it according to the maintenance intervals shown in the ‘‘Mainte- nance’’ section of this manual. When replac- ing the filter, wipe the inside of the air cleaner housing and the cover with a damp cloth.

WARNING

Operating the engine with the air cleaner off can cause you or others to be burned. The air cleaner not only cleans the air, it stops flame if the engine back- fires. If it isn’t in place, and the engine backfires, you could be burned. Do not drive with it off, and be careful working on the engine with the air cleaner off.

Do-it-yourself

8-19

Z X

WIPER BLADES

CLEANING If your windshield is not clear after using the windshield washer or if the wiper blade chatters when running, wax or other mate- rial may be on the blade or windshield. Clean the outside of the windshield with a washer solution or a mild detergent. Your windshield is clean if beads do not form when rinsing with clear water. Clean the blade by wiping it with a cloth soaked in a washer solution or a mild deter- gent. Then rinse the blade with clear water. If your windshield is still not clear after 8-20 Do-it-yourself

cleaning the blades and using the wiper, replace the blades. REPLACEMENT 1. Pull the wiper arm away from the wind-

shield.

2. Push the tab, then move the wiper blade

down the wiper arm to remove.

3. Remove the wiper blade. 4. Insert the new wiper blade onto the wiper

arm until it clicks.

ADI1022

CAUTION

c After wiper blade replacement, return the wiper arm to its original position; otherwise it may be damaged when the engine hood is opened.

c Make sure the wiper blade contacts the glass, otherwise the arm may be damaged from wind pressure.

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PARKING BRAKE CHECK

BRAKE PEDAL

ADI0629

DI1020M

From the released position, pull the parking brake lever up slowly and firmly. the number of clicks is out of the range listed above, see your NISSAN dealer.

If

ADI0613

If you wax the surface of the hood, be careful not to let wax get into the washer nozzle. This may cause clogging or im- proper windshield washer operation. If wax gets into the nozzle, remove it with a needle or small pin.

With the engine running, check the distance between the upper surface of the pedal and the metal floor. If it is out of the range shown above, see an authorized NISSAN dealer. Self-adjusting brakes Your vehicle is equipped with self-adjusting brakes. The front (and rear, if equipped) disc-type brakes self-adjust every time the brake pedal is applied. The rear drum-type brakes also self-adjust every time the brake pedal is applied. If the brake pedal goes down farther than 8-21

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normal, it may be due to a lack of adjust- ment of the rear drum brakes. To adjust apply the parking brake several times.

WARNING

See an authorized NISSAN dealer and have it checked if the brake pedal height does not return to normal.

the rear drum brakes, have them inspected as soon as possible by an authorized NIS- SAN dealer. Proper brake inspection intervals should be followed. For more information regard- ing brake inspections, see the appropriate maintenance schedule information in the ‘‘Maintenance’’ section of this manual.

Brake pad wear indicators The disc brake pads on your vehicle have audible wear indicators. When a brake pad requires replacement, it makes a high pitched scraping or screeching sound when the vehicle is in motion whether or not the brake pedal is depressed. Have the brakes checked as soon as possible if the wear indicator sound is heard. Under some driving or climate conditions, occasional brake squeak, squeal or other noise may be heard. Occasional brake noise during light to moderate stops is nor- mal and does not affect the function or performance of the brake system. The rear drum brakes (if so equipped) do not have audible wear indicators. Should you ever hear an unusually loud noise from 8-22 Do-it-yourself

BRAKE BOOSTER

Check the brake booster function as fol- lows: 1. With the engine off, press and release times. When the brake pedal several brake pedal movement (distance of travel) remains the same from one pedal application to the next, continue on to the next step.

2. While depressing the brake pedal, start the engine. The pedal height should drop a little.

3. With the brake pedal depressed, stop the engine. Keeping the pedal depressed for about 30 seconds, the pedal height should not change.

4. Run the engine for one minute without depressing the brake pedal, then turn it off. Depress the brake pedal several times. The pedal travel distance will de- crease gradually with each depression as the vacuum is released from the booster.

If the brakes do not operate properly, see an authorized NISSAN dealer.

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CLUTCH PEDAL

FUSES AND FUSIBLE LINKS

ADI0654

ADI0628

Press the pedal by hand and be sure the free travel is within the limits shown above. If the range shown above, see an authorized NISSAN dealer.

free travel

is out of

CAUTION

Never use a fuse of higher amperage rating than that specified on the fuse box cover. This could damage the elec- trical system or cause a fire.

Engine compartment If the electrical equipment does not come on, check for an open fuse. 1. Be sure the ignition switch and the head-

light switch are OFF.

2. Open the engine hood.

3. Remove the fuse box cover. 4. Remove the fuse with the fuse puller located on the reverse side of the pas- senger compartment fuse box cover.

5. If the fuse is open, replace it with a new

fuse.

6. If a new fuse also opens, have the elec- trical system checked and repaired by an authorized NISSAN dealer.

Fusible links If the electrical equipment does not operate and fuses are in good condition, check the fusible links. If any of these fusible links are melted, replace with only genuine NISSAN parts.

Do-it-yourself

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3. Remove the fuse with the fuse puller. 4. If the fuse is open, replace it with a new

fuse.

5. If a new fuse also opens, have the elec- trical system checked and repaired by an authorized NISSAN dealer.

ADI1019

CAUTION

Never use a fuse of higher amperage rating than that specified on the fuse box cover. This could damage the elec- trical system or cause a fire.

Passenger compartment If any electrical equipment does not oper- ate, check for an open fuse. 1. Be sure the ignition switch and the head-

light switch are OFF.

2. Open the fuse box cover. 8-24 Do-it-yourself

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LIGHT BULBS

HEADLIGHTS The headlight is a semi-sealed beam type which uses a replaceable headlight (halo- gen) bulb. A bulb can be replaced from inside the engine compartment without re- moving the headlight assembly.

CAUTION

c High pressure halogen gas is sealed inside the halogen bulb. The bulb may break if the glass envelope is scratched or the bulb is dropped.

c When handling the bulb, do not

touch the glass envelope.

Removing the headlight bulb 1. Open the engine hood. 2. Disconnect the negative (-) battery cable. 3. If removing the right-hand (passenger side) headlight bulb, it is necessary to first reposition the engine coolant reservoir.

4. Disconnect the electrical connector from

the rear end of the bulb.

5. Push down the spring retainer. 6. Pull out the headlight bulb and socket as an assembly. Do not shake or rotate the

bulb when removing it. Do not handle the glass envelope.

Replacing the headlight bulb 1. Insert the bulb and socket assembly into

the headlight. DO NOT TOUCH THE BULB.

2. Install the spring retainer. 3. Push the electrical connector into the bulb plastic base until it snaps and stops. installing the right-hand (passenger side) headlight bulb, be sure to reposition the engine coolant reservoir.

4. If

5. Connect the negative (-) battery cable. 6. Close the engine hood.

CAUTION

c Use the same number and wattage

as originally installed: 2 DOOR Wattage 65/55
Bulb no. 9007
4 DOOR Wattage 65/45
Bulb no. 9004

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HEADLIGHT AIMING ADJUSTMENT

c Aiming is not necessary after replac-

ing the bulb.

c Do not leave the bulb out of the headlight reflector for a long period of time as dust, moisture, and smoke may enter the headlight body and affect the performance of the head- light.

ADI0619

the tires are properly inflated,

Before adjusting the headlights, make sure all of the vehicle is on level ground and there is no excess weight in the vehicle that would affect the level of the vehicle. First, open the hood. The vertical adjustment bolt is behind the headlight. Turn the adjustment bolt clock- wise to raise the headlight beam. Turn the adjustment bolt counterclockwise to lower the headlight beam. The horizontal adjustment bolt is also be- hind the headlight. Turn the adjustment bolt clockwise to turn the headlight beam left,

8-26 Do-it-yourself

and turn it counterclockwise to turn the headlight beam right. BULB REPLACEMENT

Item

Wattage

(W)

Bulb No.

65/55 HB5/9007
65/45
27/8

1157NA

9004

27
27/8
13
27

13

35

3.4

1156
1157
921
1156
168

912

H3

(Special)

68
158

Headlight

2-Door 4-Door

Front combination light Rear combination light

Turn signal Stop/Tail Back-up (Sentra) Back-up (200SX)

License plate light Trunk lid-mounted stop light

Front fog lamp

Interior light Trunk light

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ADI1047

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MDI0006

Replacement procedures All other lights are either type A, B, C or D. When replacing a bulb, first remove the lens and/or cover.

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ADI0624

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8-30 Do-it-yourself

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FRONT FOG LIGHT BULB REPLACEMENT (if so equipped) 1. Use a Phillip’s head screwdriver to re- move the trim plate and the anchoring bolts on the fog lamp assembly.

2. Move the fog lamp assembly towards the to

the vehicle and pull out

center of expose the rear of the assembly.

3. Remove the retaining ring from the fog

lamp assembly.

4. Remove the bulb cover. 5. Lift the spring retainer. 6. Remove the fog lamp bulb.

ADI0651

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WHEELS AND TIRES

DI1033M

If you have a flat tire, see the ‘‘In case of emergency’’ section of this manual. Maximum inflation pressure Do not exceed the maximum inflation pres- sures shown on the side wall of the tire. Tire inflation pressure Periodically check the tire pressure (including the spare). tire pressure may ad- versely affect tire life and vehicle handling. Tire pressure should be checked when tires are COLD. Tires are considered COLD after the vehicle has been parked for three or more 8-32 Do-it-yourself

Incorrect

hours, or driven less than 1 mile (1.6 km). COLD tire pressures are shown on the tire placard affixed to the driver’s door center pillar.

WARNING

c The vehicle weight capacity is indi- cated on the tire placard. Do not load your vehicle beyond this capacity. Overloading your vehicle may result in reduced tire life, unsafe operating conditions due to premature tire fail- ure, or unfavorable handling charac- teristics and could also lead to a serious accident. Loading beyond the specified capacity may also result in failure of other vehicle components. c Before taking a long trip, or when- ever you have loaded your vehicle heavily, use a tire pressure gauge to ensure that the tire pressure is at the specified level.

c Do not drive your vehicle over 85
MPH (140 km/h) unless it is equipped with high speed capability tires. Driving faster than 85 MPH (140
km/h) may result in tire failure, loss of control and possible injury.

Types of tires

WARNING

When changing or replacing tires, be sure all four tires are of the same type (i.e., Summer, All Season or Snow) and construction. An authorized NISSAN dealer may be able to help you with information about tire type, size, speed rating and availability. Replacement tires may have a lower speed rating than the factory equipped tires, and may not match the potential maximum vehicle speed. Never exceed the maxi- mum speed rating of the tire.

All Season tires NISSAN specifies All Season tires on some models to provide good performance all year round, including snowy and icy road conditions. All Season tires are identified by ‘‘ALL SEASON’’ and/or ‘‘M&S’’ on the tire sidewall. Snow tires have better snow trac- tion than All Season tires and may be more appropriate in some areas.

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Summer tires NISSAN specifies summer tires on some models to provide superior performance on dry roads. Summer tire performance is sub- stantially reduced in snow and ice. Summer tires do not have the tire traction rating ‘‘M&S’’ on the tire sidewall. If you plan to operate your vehicle in snowy or icy conditions, NISSAN recommends the use of ‘‘SNOW’’ tires or ‘‘ALL SEASON’’ tires on all four wheels. Snow tires If snow tires are needed, it is necessary to select tires equivalent in size and load rating to the original equipment tires. If you do not, it can adversely affect the safety and han- dling of your vehicle. Generally, snow tires have lower speed ratings than factory equipped tires and may not match the potential maximum vehicle speed. Never exceed the maximum speed rating of the tire. If you plan to operate your vehicle in snowy or icy conditions, NISSAN recommends the use of ‘‘SNOW’’ tires or ‘‘ALL SEASON’’ tires on all four wheels. For additional traction on icy roads, studded

tires may be used. However, some U.S. States and Canadian Provinces prohibit their use. Check local, state and provincial laws before installing studded tires. Skid and traction capabilities of studded snow tires on wet or dry surfaces may be poorer than that of non-studded snow tires. Tire chains Use of tire chains may be prohibited accord- ing to location. Check the local laws before installing tire chains. When installing tire chains, make sure they are of proper size for the tires on your vehicle and are installed according to the chain manufacturer’s sug- gestions. Use only SAE class “S” chains. Other types may damage your vehicle. Use chain tensioners when recommended by the tire chain manufacturer to ensure a tight fit. Loose end links of the tire chain must be secured or removed to prevent the possibil- ity of whipping action damage to the fenders or underbody. If possible, avoid fully loading your vehicle when using tire chains. In ad- dition, drive at a reduced speed. Otherwise, your vehicle may be damaged and/or ve- hicle handling and performance may be adversely affected. Never install tire chains on a T-type spare tire. Do not use tire chains on dry roads.

ADI0656

Tire rotation NISSAN recommends rotating the tires every 7,500 miles (12,000 km). See ‘‘Flat tire’’ in the ‘‘In case of emergency’’ section for tire replacing procedures. As soon as possible, tighten the wheel nuts to the specified torque with a nut tightening torque:

72 to 87 ft-lb (98 to 118 Nzm) The wheel nuts must be kept tightened to specifications at all times. It is recom- mended that wheel nuts be tightened to specification at each tire rotation interval.

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WARNING

c After rotating the tires, adjust the tire

pressure.

c Retighten the wheel nuts after the wheels have been run for the first 600 miles (1,000 km) (also in cases of a flat tire, etc.).

c Do not include the T-type spare tire

in the tire rotation.

8-34 Do-it-yourself

MDI0004

Tire wear and damage

WARNING

c Tires should be periodically inspected for wear, cracking, bulging, or objects caught in the tread. If excessive wear, cracks, bulging, or deep cuts are found, the tire should be replaced.

c The original

tires have a built-in tread wear indicator. When the wear indicator is visible, the tire should be replaced.

c Improper service for a T-type spare tire

may result in serious personal injury. If it is necessary to repair the T-type spare tire, contact your NISSAN dealer.

Changing tires and wheels When replacing a tire, use the same size, tread design, speed rating and load carrying capacity as originally equipped. Recom- mended types and sizes are shown in ‘‘Wheel/Tire Size’’ of the ‘‘Technical and consumer this manual.

information’’ section of

WARNING

c The use of tires other than those recommended, or the mixed use of tires of different brands, construction (bias, bias-belted or radial), or tread patterns can adversely affect the ride, braking, handling, ground clearance, body-to-tire clearance, snow chain clearance, speedometer calibration, headlight aim and bumper height. Some of these effects may lead to accidents and could result in serious personal injury.

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c If the wheels are changed for any reason, always replace with wheels which have the same offset dimen- sion. Wheels of a different offset could cause early tire wear, poor ve- hicle handling characteristics and/or interference brake discs/drums. Such interference can lead to decreased braking efficiency and/or early brake pad/shoe wear.

with

the

c Do not install a deformed wheel or tire even if it has been repaired. Such wheels or tires could have structural damage and could fail without warn- ing.

Wheel balance Unbalanced wheels may affect vehicle han- dling and tire life. Even with regular use, wheels can get out of balance. Therefore, they should be balanced as required. Wheel balance service should be per- formed with the wheels off the vehicle. Spin balancing the front wheels on the vehicle could lead to transmission damage.

Care of wheels c Wash the wheels when washing the

vehicle to maintain their appearance.

c Clean the inner side of the wheels when the wheel is changed or the underside of the vehicle is washed.

c Do not use abrasive cleaners when

washing the wheels.

c Inspect wheel rims regularly for dents or corrosion. Such damage may cause loss of pressure or poor seal at the tire bead.

c NISSAN recommends waxing the road wheels to protect against road salt in areas where it is used during winter.

Spare tire (T-type spare tire) Observe the following precautions if the T-type spare tire must be used, otherwise your vehicle could be damaged or involved in an accident:

CAUTION

c The T-type spare tire should be used only for emergency. It should be re- placed by the standard tire at the first opportunity.

c Drive carefully while the T-type spare tire is installed. Avoid sharp turns and abrupt braking while driv- ing.

c Periodically check tire inflation pres- sure, and always keep it at 60 psi (420 kPa, 4.2 bar).

c Do not drive your vehicle at speeds

faster than 50 MPH (80 km/h).

c Do not use tire chains on a T-type spare tire. Tire chains will not fit properly on the T-type spare tire and may cause damage to the vehicle.

c When driving on roads covered with snow or ice, the T-type spare tire should be used on the rear wheel and the original tire used on the front wheels (drive wheels). Use tire chains only on the front two original tires.

c Tire tread of the T-type spare tire will wear at a faster rate than the original tire. Replace the T-type spare tire as soon as the tread wear indicators appear.

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c Because the T-type spare tire is smaller than the original tire, ground clearance is reduced. To avoid dam- age to the vehicle, do not drive over obstacles. Also do not drive the ve- hicle through an automatic car wash since it may get caught.

c Do not use the T-type spare tire on

other vehicles.

c Do not use more than one T-type

spare tire at the same time.

c Do not tow a trailer while the T-type

spare tire is installed.

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9 Maintenance

General maintenance.............................................9-2
Outside the vehicle ................................................9-2
Inside the vehicle ...................................................9-3
Under the hood and vehicle...................................9-4

Periodic maintenance schedules ...........................9-5
Schedule one .........................................................9-5
Schedule two..........................................................9-5
Explanation of maintenance items.......................9-10

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Your new NISSAN has been designed to have minimum maintenance requirements with longer service intervals to save you both time and money. However, some day- to-day and regular maintenance is essential to maintain your NISSAN’s good mechani- cal condition, as well as its emission and engine performance. It is the owner’s responsibility to make sure the specified periodic maintenance, as well as general maintenance, is performed. As the vehicle owner, you are the only one who can ensure that your vehicle receives proper maintenance. You are a vital link in the maintenance chain. General maintenance General maintenance includes those items which should be checked during normal day-to-day operation of the vehicle. They are essential if your vehicle is to continue to operate properly. It is your responsibility to perform these maintenance procedures regularly as prescribed. These checks or inspections can be done by yourself, a qualified technician or, if you prefer, an authorized NISSAN dealer. 9-2 Maintenance

Periodic maintenance The maintenance items listed under peri- odic maintenance are required to be ser- viced at regular intervals. However, under severe driving conditions, additional or more frequent maintenance is required. Where to go for service If maintenance service is required or your vehicle appears to malfunction, have the systems checked and tuned by an autho- rized NISSAN dealer. NISSAN technicians are well-trained spe- cialists who are kept up to date with the latest service information through technical bulletins, service tips, and in-dealership training programs. They are completely qualified to work on NISSAN vehicles be- fore they work on your vehicle, rather than after they have worked on it. You can be confident that an authorized NISSAN dealer’s service department per- forms the best job to meet the maintenance requirements on your vehicle — in a reliable and economical way.

GENERAL MAINTENANCE

During the normal day-to-day operation of the vehicle, general maintenance should be performed regularly as prescribed in this section. If you detect any unusual sounds, vibrations or smells, be sure to check for the cause or have an authorized NISSAN dealer do it promptly. In addition, you should notify an authorized NISSAN dealer if you think repairs are required. When performing any checks or maintenance work, closely observe the precautions in the ‘‘Do-it-yourself’’ section of this manual. OUTSIDE THE VEHICLE The maintenance items listed here should be performed from time to time, unless otherwise specified. Additional information on the following items with an ‘‘*’’ is found in the ‘‘Do-it- yourself’’ section of this manual. Tires* — Check the pressure with a gauge periodically when at a service station, in- cluding the spare, and adjust to the speci- fied pressure if necessary. Check carefully for damage, cuts or excessive wear. Wheel nuts* — When checking the tires, make sure no wheel nuts are missing, and

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check for any loose wheel nuts. Tighten if necessary. Tire rotation* — Tires should be rotated every 7,500 miles (12,000 km). Wheel alignment and balance — If the vehicle should pull to either side while driv- ing on a straight and level road, or if you detect uneven or abnormal tire wear, there may be a need for a wheel alignment. If the steering wheel or seat vibrates at normal highway speeds, wheel balancing may be needed. Windshield wiper blades* — Check for cracks or wear if they do not wipe properly. Doors and hood — Check that all doors and the hood operate properly. Also ensure that all latches lock securely. Lubricate hinges, latches, rollers and links if neces- sary. Make sure the secondary latch keeps the hood from opening when the primary latch is released. When driving in areas that use road salt or other corrosive materials, check lubrication frequently. Lights* — Make sure the headlights, stop lights, tail lights, turn signal lights, and other

lights are all operating properly and installed securely. Also check headlight aim. INSIDE THE VEHICLE The maintenance items listed here should be checked on a regular basis, such as when performing periodic maintenance, cleaning the vehicle, etc. Additional information on the following items with an ‘‘*’’ is found in the ‘‘Do-it- yourself’’ section of this manual. Warning lights and chimes — Make sure all warning lights and chimes are operating properly. Windshield wiper and washer* — Check that the wipers and washer operate properly and that the wipers do not streak. Windshield defroster — Check that the air comes out of the defroster outlets properly and in sufficient quantity when operating the heater or air conditioner. Steering wheel — Check for changes in the steering conditions, such as excessive freeplay, hard steering or strange noises. Seats — Check seat position controls such as seat adjusters, seatback recliner, etc. to

ensure they operate smoothly and all latches lock securely in every position. Check that the head restraints move up and down smoothly and the locks hold securely in all latched positions. Seat belts — Check that all parts of the seat belt system (For example buckles, anchors, adjusters and retractors) operate properly and smoothly, and are installed securely. Check the belt webbing for cuts, fraying, wear or damage. Accelerator pedal — Check the pedal for smooth operation and make sure the pedal does not catch or require uneven effort. Keep the floor mat away from the pedal. Clutch pedal* — Make sure the pedal operates smoothly and check that it has the proper free travel. Brakes — Check that the brakes do not pull the vehicle to one side when applied. Brake pedal* — Check the pedal for smooth operation and make sure it has the proper distance under it when depressed fully. Check the brake booster function. Be certain to keep the floor mat away from the pedal.

Maintenance 9-3

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Parking brake* — Check that the lever has the proper travel and confirm that your vehicle is held securely on a fairly steep hill with only the parking brake applied. Automatic transmission ‘‘Park’’ mecha- nism — On a fairly steep hill check that your vehicle is held securely with the selector lever in the P (Park) position without apply- ing any brakes. UNDER THE HOOD AND VEHICLE The maintenance items listed here should be checked periodically, such as each time you check the engine oil or refuel. Additional information on the following items with an ‘‘*’’ is found in the ‘‘Do-it- yourself’’ section of this manual. Windshield washer fluid* — Check for adequate fluid in the tank. Engine coolant level* — Check the cool- ant level when the engine is cold. Radiator and hoses — Check the front of the radiator and clean off any dirt, insects, leaves, etc., that may have accumulated. Make sure the hoses have no cracks, de- formation, rot or loose connections. 9-4 Maintenance

in each

Brake and (if so equipped) clutch fluid level’s* — Make sure the brake and clutch fluid levels are between the MIN and MAX lines on each reservoir. Battery* — Check the fluid level cell. Engine drive belts* — Make sure the drive belts are not frayed, worn, cracked or oily. Engine oil level* — Check the level after parking the vehicle on a level surface, with the engine off. Wait a few minutes for the oil to drain back into the oil pan. Power steering fluid level* and lines — Check the level when the fluid is cold, with the engine off. Check the lines for proper attachment, leaks, cracks, etc. Automatic transmission fluid level* — Check the level after putting the selector lever in P (Park) with the engine idling at operating temperature. Exhaust system — Make sure there are no cracks, holes, loose joints or supports. If the sound of the exhaust seems unusual or there is a smell of exhaust fumes, immedi- ately have the exhaust system inspected by an authorized NISSAN dealer. (See the

carbon monoxide warning in the ‘‘Starting and driving’’ section of this manual.) Underbody — The underbody is frequently exposed to corrosive substances such as those used on icy roads or to control dust. It is very important to remove these sub- stances, from the underbody, otherwise rust may form on the floor pan, frame, fuel lines and exhaust system. At the end of winter, the underbody should be thoroughly flushed with plain water, especially those areas where mud and dirt may have accumulate. See the ‘‘Appearance and care’’ section of this manual. Fluid leaks — Check under the vehicle for