2008 Jeep Grand Cherokee Owners Manual

294 STARTING AND OPERATING

percent of engine torque to the rear axle. When speed differences are increased between the front and rear drive shafts, the transfer case can transmit up to 100 percent of available engine torque to the front or rear drive shafts. When additional traction is required, the 4 LOW position can be used to lock the front and rear driveshafts together and force the front and rear wheels to rotate at the same speed. The 4 LOW position is intended for loose, slippery road surfaces only. Driving in the 4 LOW position on dry hard surfaced roads may cause increased tire wear and damage to driveline components. When operating your vehicle in 4 LOW, the engine speed is approximately three times that of the 4 HI position at a given road speed. Take care not to overspeed the engine and do not exceed 25 mph (40 km/h).

Proper operation of four wheel drive vehicles depends on tires of equal size, type, and circumference on each wheel. Any difference will adversely affect shifting and cause damage to the transfer case. Because four wheel drive provides improved traction, there is a tendency to exceed safe turning and stopping speeds. Do not go faster than road conditions permit.

WARNING!

You or others could be injured if you leave the vehicle unattended with the transfer case in the N (Neutral) position without first fully engaging the parking brake. The transfer case N (Neutral) position disengages both the front and rear driveshafts from the powertrain and will allow the vehicle to move regardless of the transmission position. The parking brake should always be applied when the driver is not in the vehicle.

Shift Positions

For additional information on the appropriate use of each transfer case mode position, see the information below:

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4 HI Four Wheel Drive High Range — All roads surfaces such as ice, snow, gravel, sand, and dry hard pavement. N (Neutral) Neutral — Disengages both the front and rear driveshafts from the powertrain. To be used for flat towing behind another vehicle. Refer to “Recreational Towing” in Sec- tion 5 of this manual. 4 LOW Four Wheel Drive Low Range — Low speed 4 wheel drive. Locks the front and rear driveshafts together. Forces the front and rear wheels to rotate at the same speed. Additional traction and maximum pulling power for loose, slippery road surfaces only. Do not exceed 25
mph (40 km/h).

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Shifting Procedures

4 HI to 4 LOW With the vehicle at speeds of 0 to 3 mph (0 to 5 km/h), key ON or engine running, shift the transmission into N (Neutral), and raise the transfer case T-handle. “The 4WD LOW Indicator Lamp” in the instrument cluster will begin to flash and remain on solid when the shift is complete. Release the T-handle. If shift conditions/interlocks are not met, or a NOTE: transfer case motor temperature protection condition exists, a “CHECK SHIFT PROCEDURES” message will flash from the EVIC (Electronic Vehicle Information Cen- ter). Refer to “Electronic Vehicle Information Center (EVIC)” in Section 4 of this manual.

Shifter T-Handle

4 LOW to 4 HI With the vehicle at speeds of 0 to 3 mph (0 to 5 km/h), key ON or engine running, shift the transmission into N (Neutral), and raise the transfer case T-handle. The “4WD LOW Indicator Lamp” in the instrument cluster will flash and go out when the shift is complete. Release the T-handle. If shift conditions/interlocks are not met, or a NOTE: transfer case motor temperature protection condition exists, a “CHECK SHIFT PROCEDURES” message will flash from the EVIC (Electronic Vehicle Information Cen- ter). Refer to “Electronic Vehicle Information Center (EVIC)” in Section 4 of this manual.

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NOTE: Shifting into or out of 4WD LOW is possible with the vehicle completely stopped, however difficulty may occur due to the mating clutch teeth not being properly aligned. Several attempts may be required for clutch teeth alignment and shift completion to occur. The preferred method is with the vehicle rolling 0 to 3 mph (0
to 5 km/h). If the vehicle is moving faster than 3 mph (5
km/h), the transfer case will not allow the shift. Neutral (N) Shift Procedure 1. Key ON, engine off. 2. Vehicle stopped, with foot on brake. 3. Place transmission in N (Neutral).

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4. Hold down N (Neutral) “pin” switch (with a pen, etc.) for 4 seconds until the LED lamp by the switch starts to blink indicating shift in progress. Lamp will stop blinking (stay on solid) when Neutral shift is complete. A “4WD SYSTEM IN NEUTRAL” message will display on the EVIC (Electronic Vehicle Information Center). Refer to “Electronic Vehicle Information Center (EVIC)” in Sec- tion 4 of this manual.

Neutral Switch

5. Repeat Steps 1– 4 to shift out of Neutral. If shift conditions/interlocks are not met, a NOTE: “CHECK SHIFT PROCEDURES” message will flash from the EVIC (Electronic Vehicle Information Center). Refer to “Electronic Vehicle Information Center (EVIC)” in Section 4 of this manual.

Quadra-Drive IIT System — If Equipped The optional Quadra-Drive IIt System features three torque transfer couplings. The couplings include ELSD (Electronic Limited Slip Differential) front and rear axles and Quadra-Trac IIt transfer case. The optional ELSD axles are fully automatic and require no driver input to operate. Under normal driving conditions the units func- tion as standard axles balancing torque evenly between left and right wheels. With a traction difference between left and right wheels the coupling will sense a speed difference. As one wheel begins to spin faster than the other, torque will automatically transfer from the wheel that has less traction to the wheel that has traction. While the transfer case and axle couplings differ in design, their operation is similar. Follow the Quadra-Trac IIt transfer case shifting information, preceding this section, for shifting this system.

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ON-ROAD DRIVING TIPS Utility vehicles have higher ground clearance and a narrower track to make them capable of performing in a wide variety of off-road applications. Specific design characteristics give them a higher center of gravity than ordinary cars. An advantage of the higher ground clearance is a better view of the road, allowing you to anticipate problems. They are not designed for cornering at the same speeds as conventional 2-wheel drive vehicles any more than low- slung sports cars are designed to perform satisfactorily in off-road conditions. If at all possible, avoid sharp turns or abrupt maneuvers. As with other vehicles of this type, failure to operate this vehicle correctly may result in loss of control or vehicle rollover.

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OFF-ROAD DRIVING TIPS

NOTE: Prior to off-road driving, remove the front air dam to prevent damage. The front air dam is attached to the lower front fascia with quarter turn fasteners, and can be removed by hand. When To Use 4WD LOW Range — If Equipped When off-road driving, shift to 4WD LOW for additional traction. This range should be limited to extreme situa- tions such as deep snow, mud, or sand where additional low speed pulling power is needed. Vehicle speeds in excess of 25 mph (40 km/h) should be avoided when in 4WD LOW range. Driving Through Water Although your vehicle is capable of driving through water, there are a number of precautions that must be considered before entering the water:

CAUTION!

When driving through water, do not exceed 5 mph (8
km/h). Always check water depth before entering as a precaution, and check all fluids afterward. Driving through water may cause damage that may not be covered by the new vehicle limited warranty.

Driving through water more than a few inches deep will require extra caution to ensure safety and prevent dam- age to your vehicle. If you must drive through water, try to determine the depth and the bottom condition (and location of any obstacles) prior to entering. Proceed with caution and maintain a steady controlled speed less than 5 mph (8 km/h) in deep water to minimize wave effects. Flowing Water If the water is swift flowing and rising (as in storm run-off) avoid crossing until the water level recedes

and/or the flow rate is reduced. If you must cross flowing water avoid depths in excess of 9 inches. The flowing water can erode the streambed causing your vehicle to sink into deeper water. Determine exit point(s) that are downstream of your entry point to allow for drifting. Standing Water Avoid driving in standing water deeper than 20 inches, and reduce speed appropriately to minimize wave ef- fects. Maximum speed in 20 inches of water is less than 5
mph (8 km/h). Maintenance After driving through deep water, inspect your vehicle fluids and lubricants (engine oil, transmission oil, axle, transfer case) to assure the fluids have not been contami- nated. Contaminated fluid (milky, foamy in appearance) should be flushed/changed as soon as possible to pre- vent component damage.

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Driving In Snow, Mud and Sand In heavy snow, when pulling a load, or for additional control at slower speeds, shift the transmission to a low gear and shift the transfer case to 4WD LOW if necessary. Refer to “Four-Wheel Drive Operation” in this section. Do not shift to a lower gear than necessary to maintain forward motion. Over-revving the engine can spin the wheels and traction will be lost. Avoid abrupt downshifts on icy or slippery roads, be- cause engine braking may cause skidding and loss of control. Hill Climbing

NOTE: Before attempting to climb a hill, determine the conditions at the crest and/or on the other side. Before climbing a steep hill, shift the transmission to a lower gear and shift the transfer case to 4WD LOW. Use first gear and 4WD LOW for very steep hills.

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If you stall or begin to lose forward motion while climbing a steep hill, allow your vehicle to come to a stop and immediately apply the brakes. Restart the engine and shift to R (Reverse). Back slowly down the hill allowing the compression braking of the engine to help regulate your speed. If the brakes are required to control vehicle speed, apply them lightly and avoid locking or skidding the tires.

WARNING!

If the engine stalls, you lose forward motion, or cannot make it to the top of a steep hill or grade, never attempt to turn around. To do so may result in tipping and rolling the vehicle. Always back care- fully straight down a hill in R (Reverse) gear. Never back down a hill in N (Neutral) using only the brake.

Remember, never drive diagonally across a hill-always drive straight up or down. If the wheels start to slip as you approach the crest of a hill, ease off the accelerator and maintain forward motion by turning the front wheels slowly. This may provide a fresh “bite” into the surface and will usually provide traction to complete the climb. Traction Downhill Shift the transmission into a low gear and the transfer case to 4WD LOW range. Let the vehicle go slowly down the hill with all four wheels turning against engine compression drag. This will permit you to control the vehicle speed and direction. When descending mountains or hills, repeated braking can cause brake fade with loss of braking control. Avoid repeated heavy braking by downshifting the transmis- sion whenever possible.

After Driving Off-Road Off-road operation puts more stress on your vehicle than does most on-road driving. After going off-road it is always a good idea to check for damage. That way you can get any problems taken care of right away and have your vehicle ready when you need it. † Completely inspect the underbody of your vehicle. Check tires, body structure, steering, suspension, and exhaust system for damage. † Check threaded fasteners for looseness, particularly on the chassis, drivetrain components, steering, and sus- pension. Retighten them, if required, and torque to the values specified in the Service Manual. † Check for accumulations of plants or brush. These things could be a fire hazard. They might hide damage to fuel lines, brake hoses, axle pinion seals, and propeller shafts.

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† After extended operation in mud, sand, water, or similar dirty conditions, have brake rotors, wheels, brake linings, and axle yokes inspected and cleaned as soon as possible.

WARNING!

Abrasive material in any part of the brakes may cause excessive wear or unpredictable braking. You might not have full braking power when you need it to prevent an accident. If you have been operating your vehicle in dirty conditions, get your brakes checked and cleaned as necessary.

† If you experience unusual vibration after driving in mud, slush or similar conditions, check the wheels for impacted material. Impacted material can cause a wheel imbalance and freeing the wheels of it will correct the situation.

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PARKING BRAKE To set the parking brake, pull the lever up as firmly as possible. When the parking brake is applied with the ignition ON, the “Brake Warning Light” in the instru- ment cluster will light. To release the parking brake, pull up slightly, press the center button, then lower the lever completely. NOTE: The instrument cluster “Brake Warning Light” indicates only that the parking brake is applied. It does not indicate the degree of brake application.

Parking Brake

Be sure the parking brake is firmly set when parked and the gear shift lever is in the P (Park) position. When parking on a hill, you should apply the parking brake before placing the gear shift lever in P (Park), otherwise the load on the transmission locking mechanism may make it difficult to move the selector out of P (Park).

WARNING!

† Always fully apply the parking brake when leav- ing your vehicle, or it may roll and cause damage or injury. Also, be certain to leave the transmission in P (Park). Failure to do so may allow the vehicle to roll and cause damage or injury. † Leaving children in a vehicle unattended is dan- gerous for a number of reasons. A child or others could be injured. Children should be warned not to touch the parking brake or the gear selector lever. Don’t leave the keys in the ignition. A child could operate power windows, other controls, or move the vehicle. † Be sure the parking brake is fully disengaged before driving, failure to do so can lead to brake problems due to excessive heating of the rear brakes.

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When parking on a hill, turn the front wheels toward the curb on a downhill grade and away from the curb on an uphill grade. The parking brake should always be applied whenever the driver is not in the vehicle.

ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM The Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) is designed to aid the driver in maintaining vehicle control under adverse braking conditions. The system operates with a separate computer to modulate hydraulic pressure to prevent wheel lock-up and help avoid skidding on slippery surfaces. All vehicle wheels and tires must be the same size and type and tires must be properly inflated to produce accurate signals for the computer.

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WARNING!

WARNING!

Pumping of the Anti-Lock Brakes will diminish their effectiveness and may lead to an accident. Pumping makes the stopping distance longer. Just press firmly on your brake pedal when you need to slow down or stop.

Significant over or under inflation of tires or mixing sizes of tires or wheels on the vehicle can lead to loss of braking effectiveness.

The Anti-Lock Brake System conducts a low-speed self- test at about 12 mph (20 km/h). If you have your foot lightly on the brake while this test is occurring, you may feel slight pedal movement. The movement can be more apparent on ice and snow. This is normal. The Anti-Lock Brake System pump motor runs during the self-test at 12 mph (20 km/h) and during an ABS stop. The pump motor makes a low humming noise during operation, which is normal.

WARNING!

CAUTION!

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† The Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) cannot prevent the natural laws of physics from acting on the vehicle, nor can it increase braking or steering efficiency beyond that afforded by the condition of the vehicle brakes and tires or the traction afforded.

† The ABS cannot prevent accidents,

including those resulting from excessive speed in turns, following another vehicle too closely, or hydro- planing. Only a safe, attentive, and skillful driver can prevent accidents. † The capabilities of an ABS equipped vehicle must never be exploited in a reckless or dangerous manner, which could jeopardize the user’s safety or the safety of others.

The Anti-Lock Brake System is subject to possible detrimental effects of electronic interference caused by improperly installed after-market radios or telephones.

NOTE: During severe braking conditions, a pulsing sensation may occur and a clicking noise will be heard. This is normal, the Anti-Lock Brake System is functioning.

indicating that

WARNING!

To use your brakes and accelerator more safely, follow these tips:

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† Do not “ride” the brakes by resting your foot on the pedal. This could overheat the brakes and result in longer stopping dis- unpredictable braking action, tances, or brake damage. † When descending mountains or hills, repeated brak- ing can cause brake fade with loss of braking control. Avoid repeated heavy braking by downshifting the transmission or locking out overdrive whenever pos- sible. † Engines may idle at higher speeds during warm-up, which could cause rear wheels to spin and result in loss of vehicle control. Be especially careful while driving on slippery roads, in close quarter maneuver- ing, parking, or stopping. † Do not drive too fast for road conditions, especially when roads are wet or slushy. A wedge of water can

build up between the tire tread and the road. This hydroplaning action can cause loss of traction, braking ability, and control. † After going through deep water or a car wash, brakes may become wet, resulting in decreased performance and unpredictable braking action. Dry the brakes by gentle, intermittent pedal action while driving at very slow speeds.

POWER STEERING The standard power steering system will give you good vehicle response and increased ease of maneuverability in tight spaces. The system will provide mechanical steering capability if power assist is lost. If for some reason the power assist is interrupted, it will still be possible to steer your vehicle. Under these condi- tions, you will observe a substantial increase in steering effort, especially at very low vehicle speeds and during parking maneuvers.

Increased noise levels at the end of the steering NOTE: wheel travel are considered normal and do not indicate that there is a problem with the power steering system. Upon initial start-up in cold weather, the power steering pump may make noise for a short amount of time. This is due to the cold, thick fluid in the steering system. This noise should be considered normal, and it does not in any way damage the steering system.

WARNING!

Continued operation with reduced power steering assist could pose a safety risk to yourself and others. Service should be obtained as soon as possible.

STARTING AND OPERATING 309

CAUTION!

Prolonged operation of the steering system at the end of the steering wheel travel will increase the steering fluid temperature and it should be avoided when possible. Damage to the power steering pump may occur.

MULTI DISPLACEMENT SYSTEM (MDS) — 5.7L Engine Only This feature offers improved fuel economy by shutting off four of the engine’s eight cylinders during light load and cruise conditions. The system is automatic with no driver inputs or additional driving skills required. NOTE: The MDS system may take some time to return to full functionality after a battery disconnect.

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TIRE SAFETY INFORMATION

Tire Markings

NOTE: † P (Passenger)-Metric tire sizing is based on U.S. design standards. P-Metric tires have the letter “P” molded into the sidewall preceding the size designation. Ex- ample: P215/65R15 95H.

† European Metric tire sizing is based on European design standards. Tires designed to this standard have the tire size molded into the sidewall beginning with the section width. The letter 9P9 is absent from this tire size designation. Example: 215/65R15 96H † LT (Light Truck)-Metric tire sizing is based on U.S. design standards. The size designation for LT-Metric tires is the same as for P-Metric tires except for the letters “LT” that are molded into the sidewall preced- ing the size designation. Example: LT235/85R16. † Temporary Spare tires are high-pressure compact spares designed for temporary emergency use only. Tires designed to this standard have the letter “T” molded into the sidewall preceding the size designa- tion. Example: T145/80D18 103M. † High Flotation tire sizing is based on U.S. design standards and it begins with the tire diameter molded into the sidewall. Example: 31x10.5 R15 LT.

Tire Sizing Chart

Size Designation:

EXAMPLE:

P = Passenger car tire size based on U.S. design standards (....blank....( = Passenger car tire based on European design standards LT = Light Truck tire based on U.S. design standards T = Temporary Spare tire 31 = Overall Diameter in Inches (in) 215 = Section Width in Millimeters (mm) 65 = Aspect Ratio in Percent (%)

—Ratio of section height to section width of tire.

10.5 = Section Width in Inches (in) R = Construction Code

—9R9 means Radial Construction. —9D9 means Diagonal or Bias Construction.

15 = Rim Diameter in Inches (in)

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Service Description:

95 = Load Index

EXAMPLE:

—A numerical code associated with the maximum load a tire can carry.

H = Speed Symbol

—A symbol indicating the range of speeds at which a tire can carry a load corresponding to its load index under certain operating conditions. —The maximum speed corresponding to the Speed Symbol should only be achieved un- der specified operating conditions (i.e. tire pressure, vehicle loading, road conditions, and posted speed limits).

Load Identification:

(....blank....( = Absence of any text on sidewall of the tire indicates a Standard Load (SL) Tire Extra Load (XL) = Extra Load (or Reinforced) Tire Light Load = Light Load Tire C,D,E = Load range associated with the maximum load a tire can carry at a specified pressure

Maximum Load — Maximum Load indicates the maximum load this tire is designed to carry. Maximum Pressure — Maximum Pressure indicates the maximum permissible cold tire inflation pressure for this tire.

Tire Identification Number (TIN) The TIN may be found on one or both sides of the tire; however, the date code may only be on one side. Tires with white sidewalls will have the full TIN including date code

located on the white sidewall side of the tire. Look for the TIN on the outboard side of black sidewall tires as mounted on the vehicle. If the TIN is not found on the outboard side then you will find it on the inboard side of the tire.

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EXAMPLE:

DOT MA L9 ABCD 0301

DOT = Department of Transportation

—This symbol certifies that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation tire safety standards, and is approved for highway use.

MA = Code representing the tire manufacturing location. (2 digits) L9 = Code representing the tire size. (2 digits) ABCD = Code used by tire manufacturer. (1 to 4 digits) 03 = Number representing the week in which the tire was manufactured. (2 digits)

—03 means the 3rd week.

01 = Number representing the year in which the tire was manufactured. (2 digits)

—01 means the year 2001. —Prior to July 2000, tire manufacturers were only required to have 1 number to represent the year in which the tire was manufactured. Example: 031 could represent the 3rd week of 1981 or 1991.

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Tire Loading and Tire Pressure

Tire Placard Location NOTE: The proper cold tire inflation pressure is listed on either the face of the driver’s door or the driver’s side “B” pillar.

Tire and Loading Information Placard

Tire and Loading Information

This placard tells you important information about the: 1) number of people that can be carried in the vehicle 2) the total weight your vehicle can carry 3) the tire size designed for your vehicle 4) the cold tire inflation pressures for the front, rear, and spare tires.

Tire Placard Location

Loading The vehicle maximum load on the tire must not exceed the load carrying capacity of the tire on your vehicle. You will not exceed the tire’s load carrying capacity if you adhere to the loading conditions, tire size, and cold tire inflation pressures specified on the “Tire and Loading Information” placard and in the “Vehicle Loading” sec- tion of this manual. NOTE: Under a maximum loaded vehicle condition, gross axle weight ratings (GAWR’s) for the front and rear axles must not be exceeded. For further information on GAWR’s, vehicle loading, and trailer towing, refer to the “Vehicle Loading” section of this manual. To determine the maximum loading conditions of your vehicle, locate the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs.” on the Tire and Loading Information placard. The

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combined weight of occupants, cargo/luggage and trailer tongue weight (if applicable) should never exceed the weight referenced here. Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit 1. Locate the statement “The combined weight of occu- pants and cargo should never exceed XXX pounds” on your vehicle’s placard. 2. Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that will be riding in your vehicle. 3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver and pas- sengers from XXX kilograms or XXX pounds. 4. The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity. For example, if “XXX” amount equals 1400 lbs. and there will be five 150 lb. passengers in your vehicle, the amount of available cargo and luggage load capacity is 650 lbs. (since 5 x 150 = 750, and 1400 – 750 = 650 lbs.)

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5. Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4. 6. If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle. Consult this manual to determine how this reduces the available cargo and luggage load capacity of your vehicle.

NOTE: The following table shows examples on how to calculate total load, cargo/luggage, and towing capaci- ties of your vehicle with varying seating configurations and number and size of occupants. This table is for illustration purposes only and may not be accurate for the seating and load carry capacity of your vehicle. NOTE: For the following example, the combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed 865 lbs. (392
kg).

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WARNING!

1. Safety—

Overloading of your tires is dangerous. Overloading can cause tire failure, affect vehicle handling, and increase your stopping distance. Use tires of the recommended load capacity for your vehicle. Never overload them.

TIRES — GENERAL INFORMATION

Tire Pressure Proper tire inflation pressure is essential to the safe and satisfactory operation of your vehicle. Three primary areas are affected by improper tire pressure:

WARNING!

† Improperly inflated tires are dangerous and can cause accidents. † Under inflation increases tire flexing and can result in tire failure. † Over inflation reduces a tire’s ability to cushion shock. Objects on the road and chuckholes can cause damage that result in tire failure. † Unequal tire pressures can cause steering problems. You could lose control of your vehicle. † Over inflated or under inflated tires can affect vehicle handling and can fail suddenly, resulting in loss of vehicle control. † Unequal tire pressures from one side of the vehicle to the other can cause the vehicle to drift to the right or left. † Always drive with each tire inflated to the recom- mended cold tire inflation pressure.

2. Economy— Improper inflation pressures can cause uneven wear patterns to develop across the tire tread. These abnormal wear patterns will reduce tread life resulting in a need for earlier tire replacement. Under inflation also increases tire rolling resistance and results in higher fuel consump- tion. 3. Ride Comfort and Vehicle Stability— Proper tire inflation contributes to a comfortable ride. Over inflation produces a jarring and uncomfortable ride. Both under inflation and over inflation affect the stability of the vehicle and can produce a feeling of sluggish response or over responsiveness in the steering. Unequal tire pressures can cause erratic and unpredict- able steering response. Unequal tire pressure from side to side may cause the vehicle to drift left or right.

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Tire Inflation Pressures The proper cold tire inflation pressure is listed on either the face of the driver’s door or the driver’s side “B” pillar.

Tire Placard Location

The pressure should be checked and adjusted as well as inspecting for signs of tire wear or visible damage at least once a month. Use a good quality pocket-type gauge to

320 STARTING AND OPERATING

check tire pressure. Do not make a visual judgement when determining proper inflation. Radial tires may look properly inflated even when they are under inflated.

CAUTION!

After inspecting or adjusting the tire pressure, al- ways reinstall the valve stem cap (if equipped). This will prevent moisture and dirt from entering the valve stem, which could damage the valve stem.

Inflation pressures specified on the placard are always “cold tire inflation pressure.” Cold tire inflation pressure is defined as the tire pressure after the vehicle has not been driven for at least 3 hours, or driven less than 1 mile (1 km) after a 3 hour period. The cold tire inflation pressure must not exceed the maximum inflation pres- sure molded into the tire sidewall.

Check tire pressures more often if subject to a wide range of outdoor temperatures, as tire pressures vary with temperature changes. Tire pressures change by approximately 1 psi (7 kPa) per 12° F (7° C) of air temperature change. Keep this in mind when checking tire pressure inside a garage, especially in the winter. Example: If garage temperature = 68° F (20° C) and the outside temperature = 32° F (0° C) then the cold tire inflation pressure should be increased by 3 psi (21 kPa), which equals 1 psi (7 kPa) for every 12° F (7° C) for this outside temperature condition. Tire pressure may increase from 2 to 6 psi (13 to 40 kPa) during operation. DO NOT reduce this normal pressure build up or your tire pressure will be too low.

Tire Pressures for High Speed Operation The manufacturer advocates driving at safe speeds within posted speed limits. Where speed limits or condi- tions are such that the vehicle can be driven at high speeds, maintaining correct tire inflation pressure is very important. Increased tire pressure and reduced vehicle loading may be required for high-speed vehicle opera- tion. Refer to original equipment or an authorized tire dealer for recommended safe operating speeds, loading and cold tire inflation pressures.

WARNING!

High speed driving with your vehicle at or above maximum load is dangerous. The added strain on your tires could cause them to fail. You could have a serious accident. Don’t drive a vehicle loaded to the maximum capacity at continuous speeds above 75
mph (120 km/h).

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Radial-Ply Tires

WARNING!

Combining radial ply tires with other types of tires on your vehicle will cause your vehicle to handle poorly. The instability could cause an accident. Al- ways use radial tires in sets of four. Never combine them with other types of tires.

Cuts and punctures in radial tires are repairable only in the tread area because of sidewall flexing. Consult your dealer for radial tire repairs. Tire Spinning When stuck in mud, sand, snow, or ice conditions, do not spin your vehicle’s wheels above 35 mph (55 km/h).

322 STARTING AND OPERATING

WARNING!

Fast spinning tires can be dangerous. Forces gener- ated by excessive wheel speeds may cause tire dam- age or failure. A tire could explode and injure some- one. Do not spin your vehicle’s wheels faster than 35
mph (55 km/h) when you are stuck, and do not let anyone near a spinning wheel no matter what the speed.

Tread Wear Indicators Tread wear indicators are in the original equipment tires to help you in determining when your tires should be replaced.

These indicators are molded into the bottom of the tread grooves. They will appear as bands when the tread depth becomes 1/16 inch (2 mm). When the indicators appear in 2 or more adjacent grooves, the tire should be replaced. Many states have laws requiring tire replacement at this point.

Life of Tire The service life of a tire is dependent upon varying factors including but not limited to: † Driving style † Tire pressure † Distance driven

WARNING!

Tires and spare tire should be replaced after six years, regardless of the remaining tread. Failure to follow this warning can result in sudden tire failure. You could lose control and have an accident resulting in serious injury or death.

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Keep dismounted tires in a cool, dry place with as little exposure to light as possible. Protect tires from contact with oil, grease, and gasoline. Replacement Tires The tires on your new vehicle provide a balance of many characteristics. They should be inspected regularly for wear and correct cold tire inflation pressure. The manu- facturer strongly recommends that you use tires equiva- lent to the originals in size, quality and performance when replacement is needed (refer to the paragraph on “Tread Wear Indicators”). Refer to the “Tire and Loading Information” placard for the size designation of your tire. The service description and load identification will be found on the original equipment tire. Failure to use equivalent replacement tires may adversely affect the safety, handling, and ride of your vehicle. We recommend that you contact your original equipment or an autho- rized tire dealer with any questions you may have on tire specifications or capability.

324 STARTING AND OPERATING

WARNING!

CAUTION!

† Do not use a tire, wheel size or rating other than that specified for your vehicle. Some combina- tions of unapproved tires and wheels may change suspension dimensions and performance charac- teristics, resulting in changes to steering, han- dling, and braking of your vehicle. This can cause unpredictable handling and stress to steering and suspension components. You could lose control and have an accident resulting in serious injury or death. Use only the tire and wheel sizes with load ratings approved for your vehicle. † Never use a tire with a smaller load index or capacity, other than what was originally equipped on your vehicle. Using a tire with a smaller load index could result in tire overloading and failure. You could lose control and have an accident. † Failure to equip your vehicle with tires having adequate speed capability can result in sudden tire failure and loss of vehicle control.

Replacing original tires with tires of a different size may result in false speedometer and odometer readings.

Alignment and Balance Poor suspension alignment may result in: † Fast tire wear. † Uneven tire wear, such as feathering and one-sided † Vehicle pull to right or left. Tires may also cause the vehicle to pull left or right. Alignment will not correct this problem. See your autho- rized dealer for proper diagnosis.

wear.

Improper alignment will not cause vehicle vibration. Vibration may be a result of tire and wheel out-of- balance. Proper balancing will reduce vibration and avoid tire cupping and spotty wear.

TIRE CHAINS Certain models have sufficient tire-to-body clearance to allow use of tire chains. Install chains on rear tires only. Follow these recommendations to guard against damage and excessive tire and chain wear: † Do not install tire chains or traction devices on ve- hicles with larger than P235/65R17 tires. Tires larger than this may not provide sufficient body clearance with chains or other traction devices. † Use SAE class “S” tire chains or traction devices only. † Follow tire chain manufacturer’s instructions for

mounting chains.

STARTING AND OPERATING 325

of driving.

† Install chains snugly and tighten after 1/2 mile (1 km) † Do not exceed 30 mph (48 km/h), unless otherwise † Drive cautiously, avoiding large bumps, potholes and

specified by the chain manufacturer.

extreme driving maneuvers.

TIRE ROTATION RECOMMENDATIONS Tires on the front and rear axles of vehicles operate at different loads and perform different steering, handling, and braking functions. For these reasons, they wear at unequal rates, and develop irregular wear patterns. These effects can be reduced by timely rotation of tires. The benefits of rotation are especially worthwhile with aggressive tread designs such as those on On/Off Road type tires. Rotation will increase tread life, help to main- tain mud, snow, and wet traction levels, and contribute to a smooth, quiet ride.

326 STARTING AND OPERATING

Follow the recommended tire rotation frequency for your type of driving found in the “Maintenance Schedules” Section of this manual. More frequent rotation is permis- sible if desired. The reasons for any rapid or unusual wear should be corrected prior to rotation being per- formed. NOTE: The Premium Tire Pressure Monitor System will automatically locate the pressure values displayed in the correct vehicle position following a tire rotation. The suggested rotation method is the “forward-cross” shown in the following diagram.

TIRE PRESSURE MONITOR SYSTEM (TPMS) The Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) will warn the driver of a low tire pressure based on the vehicle recommended cold tire pressure. The tire pressure will vary with temperature by about 1
psi (7 kPa) for every 12°F (–11°C). This means that when the outside temperature decreases, the tire pressure will

decrease. Tire pressure should always be set based on cold inflation tire pressure. This is defined as the tire pressure after the vehicle has not been driven for at least 3 hours, or driven less than 1 mile (1 km) after a 3 hour period. Refer to the “Tires – General Information” in this section for information on how to properly inflate the vehicle’s tires. The tire pressure will also increase as the vehicle is driven - this is normal and there should be no adjustment for this increased pressure. The TPM System will warn the driver of a low tire pressure if the tire pressure falls below the low pressure warning threshold for any reason, including low tem- perature effects, or natural pressure loss through the tire. The TPM System will continue to warn the driver of low tire pressure as long as the condition exists, and will not turn off until the tire pressure is at or above recom- mended cold tire pressure. Once the low tire pressure warning has been illuminated, the tire pressure must be

STARTING AND OPERATING 327

increased to the recommended cold tire pressure in order for the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” to be turned off. The system will automatically update and the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” will extinguish once the updated tire pressures have been received. The vehicle may need to be driven for up to 10 minutes above 15 mph (24 km/h) to receive this information. For example, your vehicle has a recommended cold (parked for more than 3 hours) tire pressure of 33 psi (227
kPa). If the ambient temperature is 68°F (20°C) and the measured tire pressure is 28 psi (193 kPa), a temperature drop to 20°F (-7°C) will decrease the tire pressure to approximately 24 psi (165 kPa). This tire pressure is sufficiently low enough to turn ON the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light.” Driving the vehicle may cause the tire pressure to rise to approximately 28 psi (193 kPa), but the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” will still be ON. In this situation, the “Tire Pressure Monitoring

328 STARTING AND OPERATING

Telltale Light” will turn OFF only after the tires have been inflated to the vehicle’s recommended cold tire pressure value.

CAUTION!

The TPMS has been optimized for the original equipment tires and wheels. TPMS pressures have been established for the tire size equipped on your vehicle. Undesirable system operation or sensor damage may result when using replacement equip- ment that is not of the same size, type, and/or style. Aftermarket wheels can cause sensor damage. Do not use aftermarket tire sealants or balance beads if your vehicle is equipped with a TPMS, as damage to the sensors may result.

CAUTION!

After inspecting or adjusting the tire pressure always reinstall the valve stem cap. This will prevent mois- ture and dirt from entering the valve stem, which could damage the Tire Pressure Monitoring Sensor.

NOTE: † The TPMS is not intended to replace normal tire care and maintenance, or to provide warning of a tire failure or condition. † The TPMS should not be used as a tire pressure gauge † Driving on a significantly under-inflated tire causes the tire to overheat and can lead to tire failure. Under-inflation also reduces fuel efficiency and tire tread life, and may affect the vehicle’s handling and stopping ability.

while adjusting your tire pressure.

† The TPMS is not a substitute for proper tire mainte- nance, and it is the driver’s responsibility to maintain correct tire pressure using an accurate tire gauge, even if under-inflation has not reached the level to trigger illumination of the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light.” † Seasonal temperature changes will affect tire pressure, and the TPM system will monitor the actual tire pressure in the tire.

Base System — If Equipped The Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) uses wireless technology with wheel rim mounted electronic sensors to monitor tire pressure levels. Sensors, mounted to each wheel as part of the valve stem, transmit tire pressure readings to the Receiver Module. It is particularly important, for you to check the NOTE: tire pressure in all of your tires regularly and to maintain the proper pressure.

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The Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) consists of the following components: † Receiver Module † 4 Tire Pressure Monitoring Sensors † Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light A tire pressure monitoring sensor is located in the spare wheel if the vehicle is equipped with a matching full size spare wheel and tire assembly. The matching full size spare tire can be used in place of any of the four road tires. A low spare tire will not cause the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” to illuminate or the chime to sound.

The “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” will illuminate in the instrument cluster, and an au- dible chime will be activated when one or more of the four active road tire pressures are low. Should this occur, you should stop as soon as possible, check the

330 STARTING AND OPERATING

inflation pressure of each tire on your vehicle, and inflate each tire to the vehicle’s recommended cold placard pressure value. The system will automatically update and the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” will extinguish once the updated tire pressures have been received. The vehicle may need to be driven for up to 10
minutes above 15 mph (24 km/h) to receive this infor- mation. The “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” will flash on and off for 75 seconds, and remain on solid when a system fault is detected. The system fault will also sound a chime. If the ignition key is cycled, this sequence will repeat, providing the system fault still exists. The Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Lamp will turn off when the fault condition no longer exists. A system fault can occur by any of the following scenarios:

1. Jamming due to electronic devices or driving next to facilities emitting the same Radio Frequencies as the TPM sensors. 2. Installing some form of aftermarket window tinting that affects radio wave signals. 3. Lots of snow or ice around the wheels or wheel housings. 4. Using tire chains on the vehicle. 5. Using wheels/tires not equipped with TPM sensors. If your vehicle is equipped with a matching full NOTE: size spare wheel and tire assembly, it has a tire pressure monitoring sensor, and can be monitored by the Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS). In the event that the matching full size spare tire is swapped with a low pressure road tire, the next ignition key cycle will still show the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” to be ON, and a chime to sound. Driving the vehicle for up to

10 minutes above 15 mph (24 km/h) will turn OFF the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” as long as none of the road tires are below the low pressure warning threshold. If your vehicle is not equipped with a matching NOTE: full size spare wheel and tire assembly, it does not have a tire pressure monitoring sensor in the spare tire. The TPMS will not be able to monitor the tire pressure. If you install the spare tire in place of a road tire that has a pressure below the low-pressure warning limit, upon the next ignition key cycle, a chime will sound and the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” will turn ON. After driving the vehicle for up to 10 minutes above 15 mph (25
km/h), the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” will flash on and off for 75 seconds and then remain on solid. For each subsequent ignition key cycle, a chime will sound and the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” will flash on and off for 75 seconds and then remain on solid. Once you repair or replace the original road tire,

STARTING AND OPERATING 331

and reinstall it on the vehicle in place of the spare tire, the TPMS will update automatically and the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” will turn OFF, as long as no tire pressure is below the low-pressure warning limit in any of the four active road tires. The vehicle may need to be driven for up to 10 minutes above 15 mph (24 km/h) in order for the TPMS to receive this information. Premium System — If Equipped The Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) uses wireless technology with wheel rim mounted electronic sensors to monitor tire pressure levels. Sensors, mounted to each wheel as part of the valve stem, transmit tire pressure readings to the Receiver Module. It is particularly important, for you to check the NOTE: tire pressure in all of your tires regularly and to maintain the proper pressure.

332 STARTING AND OPERATING

wells)

The Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) consists of the following components: † Receiver Module † 4 Tire Pressure Monitoring Sensors † 3 Trigger Modules (mounted in three of the four wheel † Various Tire Pressure Monitoring System Messages, which display in the Electronic Vehicle Information Center (EVIC), and a graphic displaying tire pressures

† Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light A tire pressure monitoring sensor is located in the spare wheel if the vehicle is equipped with a matching full size spare wheel and tire assembly. The matching full size spare tire can be used in place of any of the four road

tires. A low spare tire will set the “SPARE LOW PRES- SURE” textual message, but it will not cause the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” to illuminate or the chime to sound. Tire Pressure Monitoring Low Pressure Warnings

The “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” will illuminate in the instrument cluster, and an au- dible chime will be activated when one or more of the four active road tire pressures are low. In addition, the Electronic Vehicle Information Center (EVIC) will display one or more Low Pressure messages (Left Front, Left Rear, Right Front, Right Rear) for 3 seconds, and a graphic display of the pressure value(s) with the low tire(s) flashing. Refer to “Electronic Vehicle Information Center (EVIC)” in Section 4 of this manual. NOTE: Your system can be set to display pressure units in PSI, kPa, or BAR.

STARTING AND OPERATING 333

once the updated tire pressure(s) have been received. The vehicle may need to be driven for up to 10 minutes above 15 mph (24 km/h) to receive this information. Check TPM System Message The “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” will flash on and off for 75 seconds, and remain on solid when a system fault is detected. The system fault will also sound a chime. The EVIC will display a “CHECK TPM SYS- TEM” message for 3 seconds. This text message is then followed by a graphic display, with “- -“ in place of the pressure value(s) indicating which Tire Pressure Moni- toring Sensor(s) is not being received.

Should a low tire condition occur on any of the four active road tire(s), you should stop as soon as possible, and inflate the low tire(s) that is flashing on the graphic display to the vehicle’s recommended cold tire pressure. The system will automatically update, the graphic dis- play of the pressure value(s) will stop flashing, and the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” will extinguish

334 STARTING AND OPERATING

NOTE: Your system can be set to display pressure units in PSI, kPa, or BAR.

If the ignition key is cycled, this sequence will repeat, providing the system fault still exists. If the system fault no longer exists, the Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light will no longer flash, the 9CHECK TPM SYSTEM9

text message will not be present, and a pressure value will be displayed instead of dashes. A system fault can occur by any of the following scenarios: 1. Jamming due to electronic devices or driving next to facilities emitting the same Radio Frequencies as the TPM sensors. 2. Installing some form of aftermarket window tinting that affects radio wave signals. 3. Lots of snow or ice around the wheels or wheel housings. 4. Using tire chains on the vehicle. 5. Using wheels/tires not equipped with TPM sensors. If your vehicle is equipped with a matching full NOTE: size spare wheel and tire assembly, it has a tire pressure monitoring sensor, and can be monitored by the Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS). In the event that the

matching full size spare tire is swapped with a low pressure road tire, the next ignition key cycle will still show the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” to be ON, a chime to sound, a Low Pressure message to appear in the EVIC, and the graphic display will still show the low tire pressure value flashing. Driving the vehicle for up to 10 minutes above 15 mph (24 km/h) will turn OFF the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” as long as none of road tires are below the low pressure warning threshold. The EVIC will also display a “Spare Low Pressure” text message, and the graphic display will show a tire pressure value in place of the flashing low tire pressure value. If your vehicle is not equipped with a matching NOTE: full size spare wheel and tire assembly, it does not have a tire pressure monitoring sensor in the spare tire. The TPMS will not be able to monitor the tire pressure. If you install the spare tire in place of a road tire that has a pressure below the low-pressure warning limit, upon the

STARTING AND OPERATING 335

next ignition key cycle, the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” will remain ON, a chime will sound, and the EVIC will still display a flashing pressure value in the graphic display. After driving the vehicle for up to 10
minutes above 15 mph (24 km/h), the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” will flash on and off for 75
seconds and then remain on solid. In addition, the EVIC will display a 9CHECK TPM SYSTEM9 message for 3
seconds and then display dashes (- -) in place of the pressure value. For each subsequent ignition key cycle, a chime will sound, the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” will flash on and off for 75 seconds and then remain on solid, and the EVIC will display a 9CHECK TPM SYSTEM9 message for 3 seconds and then display dashes (- -) in place of the pressure value. Once you repair or replace the original road tire, and reinstall it on the vehicle in place of the spare tire, the TPMS will update automatically.

336 STARTING AND OPERATING

In addition, the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” will turn OFF and the graphic in the EVIC will display a new pressure value instead of dashes (- -), as long as no tire pressure is below the low-pressure warning limit in any of the four active road tires. The vehicle may need to be driven for up to 10 minutes above 15 mph (24 km/h) in order for the TPMS to receive this information. General Information This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules and RSS 210 of Industry Canada. Operation is subject to the following conditions: † This device may not cause harmful interference. † This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired op- eration.

The tire pressure sensors are covered under one of the following licenses:

United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . KR5S120123
Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2671-S120123

FUEL REQUIREMENTS

3.7/4.7L Engines (If Equipped)

All engines (except 5.7L engines) are de- signed to meet all emissions regulations and provide excellent fuel economy and performance when using high quality un- leaded “regular” gasoline having an oc- tane rating of 87. The use of premium gasoline is not recommended. Under normal conditions, the use of premium gasoline will not provide a benefit over high quality regular gasolines, and in some circum- stances may result in poorer performance.

5.7L Engines (If Equipped)

The 5.7L engine is designed to meet all emissions regulations and provide satisfac- tory fuel economy and performance when using high quality unleaded gasoline hav- ing an octane range of 87 to 89. The manu- facturer recommends the use of 89 octane for optimum performance. The use of premium gasoline is not recommended. Under normal conditions, the use of premium gasoline will not provide a benefit over high quality regular and mid-grade gasolines, and in some circumstances may result in poorer performance. Light spark knock at low engine speeds is not harmful to your engine. However, continued heavy spark knock at high speeds can cause damage and immediate service is required.

STARTING AND OPERATING 337

Poor quality gasoline can cause problems such as hard starting, stalling and hesitations. If you experience these symptoms, try another brand of gasoline before consid- ering service for the vehicle. Over 40 auto manufacturer’s world wide have issued and endorsed consistent gasoline specifications (the World- wide Fuel Charter, WWFC) to define fuel properties necessary to deliver enhanced emissions, performance, and durability for your vehicle. The manufacturer recom- mends the use of gasoline that meets the WWFC speci- fications if they are available. Reformulated Gasoline Many areas of the country require the use of cleaner burning gasoline referred to as “Reformulated Gasoline.” Reformulated gasoline contains oxygenates, and are spe- cifically blended to reduce vehicle emissions and im- prove air quality.

338 STARTING AND OPERATING

The manufacturer supports the use of reformulated gaso- line. Properly blended reformulated gasoline will pro- vide excellent performance and durability of engine and fuel system components. Gasoline/Oxygenate Blends Some fuel suppliers blend unleaded gasoline with oxy- genates such as 10% ethanol, MTBE, and ETBE. Oxygen- ates are required in some areas of the country during the winter months to reduce carbon monoxide emissions. Fuels blended with these oxygenates may be used in your vehicle.

CAUTION!

DO NOT use gasoline containing Methanol or E85
Ethanol. Use of these blends may result in starting and driveability problems and may damage critical fuel system components.

Problems that result from using methanol/gasoline blends are not the responsibility of the manufacturer. While MTBE is an oxygenate made from Methanol, it does not have the negative effects of Methanol. MMT In Gasoline MMT is a manganese containing metallic additive that is blended into some gasoline to increase octane. Gasoline blended with MMT provides no performance advantage beyond gasoline of the same octane number without MMT. Gasoline blended with MMT reduces spark plug life and reduces emission system performance in some vehicles. The manufacturer recommends that gasoline without MMT be used in your vehicle. The MMT content of gasoline may not be indicated on the gasoline pump, therefore, you should ask your gasoline retailer whether or not his/her gasoline contains MMT.

It is even more important to look for gasolines without MMT in Canada, because MMT can be used at levels higher than those allowed in the United States. MMT is prohibited in Federal and California reformu- lated gasoline. Materials Added To Fuel All gasoline sold in the United States is required to contain effective detergent additives. Use of additional detergents or other additives is not needed under normal conditions and would result in additional cost. Therefore you should not have to add anything to the fuel. Fuel System Cautions

CAUTION!

Follow these guidelines to maintain your vehicle’s performance:

STARTING AND OPERATING 339

† The use of leaded gas is prohibited by Federal law. Using leaded gasoline can impair engine performance, damage the emission control system. † An out-of-tune engine, or certain fuel or ignition malfunctions, can cause the catalytic converter to overheat. If you notice a pungent burning odor or some light smoke, your engine may be out of tune or malfunctioning and may require immediate service. Contact your dealer for service assistance. † The use of fuel additives which are now being sold as octane enhancers is not recommended. Most of these products contain high concentrations of methanol. Fuel system damage or vehicle performance problems resulting from the use of such fuels or additives is not the responsibility of the manufacturer.

NOTE: systems can result against you.

Intentional tampering with emissions control in civil penalties being assessed

340 STARTING AND OPERATING

Carbon Monoxide Warnings

WARNING!

Carbon monoxide (CO) in exhaust gases is deadly. Follow the precautions below to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning:

† Do not inhale exhaust gases. They contain carbon monoxide, a colorless and odorless gas which can kill. Never run the engine in a closed area, such as a garage, and never sit in a parked vehicle with the engine running for an extended period. If the vehicle is stopped in an open area with the engine running for more than a short period, adjust the ventilation system to force fresh, outside air into the vehicle. † Guard against carbon monoxide with proper mainte- nance. Have the exhaust system inspected every time

the vehicle is raised. Have any abnormal conditions repaired promptly. Until repaired, drive with all side windows fully open. † Keep the liftgate closed when driving your vehicle to prevent carbon monoxide and other poisonous ex- haust gases from entering the vehicle.

FLEXIBLE FUEL (4.7L ENGINE ONLY) — IF EQUIPPED

E-85 General Information The information in this section is for Flexible Fuel ve- hicles only. These vehicles can be identified by a unique, yellow fuel filler cap (gas cap) that states Ethanol (E-85)/ Unleaded Gasoline, and by the FLEXFUEL badge that will be located on the body of your vehicle. This section only covers those subjects that are unique to these vehicles. Please refer to the other sections of this manual for information on features that are common between Flexible Fuel and gasoline only powered vehicles.

STARTING AND OPERATING 341

E-85 Fuel Cap

CAUTION!

Only vehicles with the E-85 fuel filler cap (gas cap) can operate on E-85.

E-85 Badge

ETHANOL FUEL (E-85) E-85 is a mixture of approximately 85% fuel ethanol and 15% unleaded gasoline.

342 STARTING AND OPERATING

WARNING!

Ethanol vapors are extremely flammable and could cause serious personal injury. Never have any smok- ing materials lit in or near the vehicle when remov- ing the fuel filler tube cap (gas cap) or filling the tank. Do not use E-85 as a cleaning agent and never use it near an open flame.

Fuel Requirements Your vehicle will operate on both unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of 87, or E-85 fuel, or any mixture of these two.

For best results, a refueling pattern that alternates be- tween E-85 and unleaded gasoline should be avoided. When you do switch fuels, it is recommended that † you do not switch when the fuel gauge indicates less † you do not add less than 5 gallons when refueling † you operate the vehicle immediately after refueling for

than 1/4 full

a period of at least 5 minutes

Observing these precautions will avoid possible hard starting and/or significant deterioration in drivability during warm up. NOTE: When the ambient temperature is above 90°F (32°C), you may experience hard starting and rough idle following start up even if the above recommendations are followed.

Selection Of Engine Oil For Flexible Fuel Vehicles (E-85) and Gasoline Vehicles Whether operating the vehicle on an E-85 ethanol fuel or unleaded gasoline the engine oil requirements are the same. Refer to “Maintenance Procedures” in Section 7 of this manual for the proper quality and viscosity engine oil. Starting The characteristics of E-85 fuel make it unsuitable for use when ambient temperatures fall below 0°F (-18°C). In the range of 0°F (-18°C) to 32°F (0°C), you may experience an increase in the time it takes for your engine to start, and a deterioration in drivability (sags and/or hesitations) until the engine is fully warmed up.

STARTING AND OPERATING 343

Cruising Range Because E-85 fuel contains less energy per gallon than gasoline, you will experience an increase in fuel con- sumption. You can expect your MPG and your driving range to decrease by about 30% compared to gasoline operation. Replacement Parts Many components in your Flexible Fuel Vehicle (FFV) are designed to be compatible with ethanol. Always be sure that your vehicle is serviced with correct ethanol com- patible parts.

344 STARTING AND OPERATING

CAUTION!

† Replacing fuel system components with non- ethanol compatible components can damage your vehicle. † Do not use ethanol mixture greater than 85% in your vehicle. It will cause difficulty in cold start- ing and may affect drivability.

FUEL REQUIREMENTS (DIESEL ENGINES) Use good quality diesel fuel from a reputable supplier. For most year-round service, No. 2 diesel fuel meeting ASTM specification D-975 Grade S15 will provide good performance. If the vehicle is exposed to extreme cold (below 20° F or -7° C), or is required to operate at colder-than-normal conditions for prolonged periods, use climatized No. 2 diesel fuel or dilute the No. 2 diesel

fuel with 50% No. 1 diesel fuel. This will provide better protection from fuel gelling or wax-plugging of the fuel filters. This vehicle is fully compatible with biodiesel blends up to 5% biodiesel meeting ASTM specification D-975.

NOTE: Federal law requires that you must fuel this vehicle with Ultra Low Sulfur Highway Diesel fuel (15
ppm Sulfur maximum) and prohibits the use of Low Sulfur Highway Diesel fuel (500 ppm Sulfur maxi- mum) to avoid damage to the emissions control system.

STARTING AND OPERATING 345

Diesel fuel is seldom completely free of water. To prevent fuel system trouble, drain the accumulated water from the fuel/water separator using the fuel/water separator drain provided. If you buy good quality fuel and follow the cold weather advice above, fuel conditioners should not be required in your vehicle. If available in your area, a high cetane “premium” diesel fuel may offer improved cold-starting and warm-up performance.

ADDING FUEL

CAUTION!

DO NOT put gasoline in your diesel vehicle (if equipped). If you accidentally put gasoline in your vehicle, DO NOT start the engine. This will cause damage to the fuel system. Have the fuel system flushed.

Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel Fuel Label

WARNING!

Do not use alcohol or gasoline as a fuel blending agent. They can be unstable under certain conditions and hazardous or explosive when mixed with diesel fuel.

346 STARTING AND OPERATING

Fuel Filler Cap (Gas Cap) The gas cap is located behind the fuel filler door, on the driver’s side of the vehicle. If the gas cap is lost or damaged, be sure the replacement cap is for use with this vehicle.

Fuel Filler Cap Location

CAUTION!

Damage to the fuel system or emission control sys- tem could result from using an improper fuel cap (gas cap). A poorly fitting cap could let impurities into the fuel system. Also, a poorly fitting after- market cap can cause the MIL (Malfunction Indicator Light) to illuminate, due to fuel vapors escaping from the system.

CAUTION!

A poorly fitting gas cap may cause the Malfunction Indicator Light to turn on.

CAUTION!

To avoid fuel spillage and overfilling, do not “top off” the fuel tank after filling.

NOTE: When the fuel nozzle “clicks” or shuts off, the fuel tank is full.

WARNING!

† Never have any smoking materials lit in or near the vehicle when the gas cap is removed or the tank filled. † Never add fuel when the engine is running. This is in violation of most state and federal fire regula- tions and will cause the malfunction indicator light to turn on.

STARTING AND OPERATING 347

NOTE: Tighten the gas cap about 1/4 turn until you hear one click. This is an indication that cap is properly tightened. If the gas cap is not tighten properly, the Malfunction Indicator Light will come on. Be sure the gas cap is tightened every time the vehicle is refueled.

WARNING!

A fire may result if gasoline is pumped into a portable container that is inside of a vehicle. You could be burned. Always place gas containers on the ground while filling.

348 STARTING AND OPERATING

Loose Fuel Filler Cap Message If the vehicle diagnostic system determines that the fuel filler cap is loose, improperly installed, or damaged, a “CHECK GASCAP” message will be displayed in the EVIC (Electronic Vehicle Information Center). Refer to “Electronic Vehicle Information Center” in Section 4 of this manual. Tighten the fuel filler cap until a “clicking” sound is heard. This is an indication that the fuel filler cap is properly tightened. Refer to “Onboard Diagnostic System — OBDII” in Section 7 of this manual for more information.

CAUTION!

Damage to the fuel system or emission control sys- tem could result from using an improper fuel tank filler cap (gas cap). A poorly fitting cap could let impurities into the fuel system.

VEHICLE LOADING

Certification Label As required by National Highway Traffic Safety Admin- istration Regulations, your vehicle has a certification label affixed to the driver’s side door or pillar. This label contains the month and year of manufacture, Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR), Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) front and rear, and Vehicle Identification Number (VIN). A Month-Day-Hour (MDH) number is included on this label and indicates the Month, Day, and Hour of manufacture. The bar code that appears on the bottom of the label is your Vehicle Identification Number (VIN). Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) The GVWR is the total permissible weight of your vehicle trailer including driver, passengers, vehicle, options,

tongue weight, and cargo. The label also specifies maxi- mum capacities of front and rear axle systems (GAWR). Total load must be limited, so GVWR, and front and rear GAWR are not exceeded. Payload The payload of a vehicle is defined as the allowable load weight a truck can carry, including the weight of the driver, all passengers, options and cargo. Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) The GAWR is the maximum permissible load on the front and rear axles. The load must be distributed in the cargo area so that the GAWR of each axle is not exceeded. Each axle GAWR is determined by the components in the system with the lowest load carrying capacity (axle, springs, tires, or wheels). Heavier axles or suspension components sometimes specified by purchasers for in- creased durability does not necessarily increase the vehi- cle’s GVWR.

STARTING AND OPERATING 349

Tire Size The tire size on the Label represents the actual tire size on your vehicle. Replacement tires must be equal to the load capacity of this tire size. Rim Size This is the rim size that is appropriate for the tire size listed. Inflation Pressure This is the cold tire inflation pressure for your vehicle for all loading conditions up to full GAWR. Curb Weight The curb weight of a vehicle is defined as the total weight of the vehicle with all fluids, including vehicle fuel, at full capacity conditions, and with no occupants or cargo loaded into the vehicle. The front and rear curb weight values are determined by weighing your vehicle on a commercial scale before any occupants or cargo are added.

350 STARTING AND OPERATING

Loading The actual total weight and the weight of the front and rear of your vehicle at the ground can best be determined by weighing it when it is loaded and ready for operation. The entire vehicle should first be weighed on a commer- cial scale to insure that the GVWR has not been exceeded. The weight on the front and rear of the vehicle should then be determined separately to be sure that the load is properly distributed over front and rear axle. Weighing the vehicle may show that the GAWR of either the front or rear axles has been exceeded but the total load is within the specified GVWR. If so, weight must be shifted from front to rear or rear to front as appropriate until the specified weight limitations are met. Store the heavier items down low and be sure that the weight is distributed equally. Stow all loose items securely before driving.

Improper weight distributions can have an adverse effect on the way your vehicle steers and handles and the way the brakes operate.

CAUTION!

Do not load your vehicle any heavier than the GVWR or the maximum front and rear GAWR. If you do, parts on your vehicle can break, or it can change the way your vehicle handles. This could cause you to lose control. Also overloading can shorten the life of your vehicle.

TRAILER TOWING In this section you will find safety tips and information on limits to the type of towing you can reasonably do with your vehicle. Before towing a trailer carefully re- view this information to tow your load as efficiently and safely as possible. To maintain warranty coverage, follow the requirements and recommendations in this manual concerning ve- hicles used for trailer towing. Common Towing Definitions The following trailer towing related definitions will assist you in understanding the following information: Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) The GVWR is the total allowable weight of your vehicle. This includes driver, passengers, cargo and tongue weight. The total load must be limited so that you do not exceed the GVWR.

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Gross Trailer Weight (GTW) The gross trailer weight (GTW) is the weight of the trailer plus the weight of all cargo, consumables and equipment (permanent or temporary) loaded in or on the trailer in its 9loaded and ready for operation9 condition. The recom- mended way to measure GTW is to put your fully loaded trailer on a vehicle scale. The entire weight of the trailer must be supported by the scale. Gross Combination Weight Rating (GCWR) The gross combination weight rating (GCWR) is the total permissible weight of your vehicle and trailer when weighed in combination. (Note that GCWR ratings in- clude a 150 lbs (68 kg) allowance for the presence of a driver).

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Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) The GAWR is the maximum capacity of the front and rear axles. Distribute the load over the front and rear axles evenly. Make sure that you do not exceed either front or rear GAWR.

WARNING!

It is important that you do not exceed the maximum front or rear GAWR. A dangerous driving condition can result if either rating is exceeded. You could lose control of the vehicle and have an accident.

Tongue Weight (TW) The downward force exerted on the hitch ball by the trailer. In most cases it should not be less than 10% or more than 15% of the trailer load. You must consider this as part of the load on your vehicle.

Frontal Area The maximum height and maximum width of the front of a trailer. Weight-Carrying Hitch A weight-carrying hitch supports the trailer tongue weight, just as if it were luggage located at a hitch ball or some other connecting point of the vehicle. These kind of hitches are the most popular on the market today and they’re commonly used to tow small- and medium-sized trailers. Weight-Distributing Hitch A weight-distributing system works by applying lever- age through spring (load) bars. They are typically used for heavier loads, to distribute trailer tongue weight to the tow vehicle’s front axle and the trailer axle(s). When used in accordance with the manufacturers’ directions, it provides for a more level ride, offering more consistent steering and brake control thereby enhancing towing

safety. The addition of a friction/hydraulic sway control also dampens sway caused by traffic and crosswinds and contributes positively to tow vehicle and trailer stability. Trailer sway control and a weight distributing (load equalizing) hitch are recommended for heavier Tongue Weights (TW) and may be required depending on Vehicle and Trailer configuration/loading to comply with gross axle weight rating (GAWR) requirements.

WARNING!

An improperly adjusted Weight Distributing Hitch system may reduce handling, stability, braking per- formance, and could result in an accident. Weight Distributing Systems may not be compatible with Surge Brake Couplers. Consult with your hitch and trailer manufacturer or a reputable Recreational Vehicle dealer for additional information.

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Weight Distributing Hitch System

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Improper Adjustment of Weight Distributing System

Trailer Hitch Classification Your vehicle may be factory equipped for safe towing of trailers weighing over 3,500 lbs (1 587 kg) with the optional Trailer Tow Prep Package. See your dealer for package content.

The following chart provides the industry standard for the maximum trailer weight a given trailer hitch class can tow and should be used to assist you in selecting the correct trailer hitch for your intended towing condition. Refer to the Trailer Towing Weights (Maximum Trailer Weight Ratings) chart for the Max. GTW towable for your given drivetrain.

Trailer Hitch Classification

Class

Max. GTW (Gross Trailer

Wt.)

2,000 lbs (907 kg) 3,500 lbs (1 587 kg)

Class I - Light Duty Class II - Medium Duty Class III - Heavy Duty Class IV - Extra Heavy Duty All trailer hitches should be professionally installed on your vehicle.

5,000 lbs (2 268 kg) 10,000 lbs (4 540 kg)

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Trailer Towing Weights (Maximum Trailer Weight Ratings) The following chart provides the maximum trailer weight ratings towable for your given drivetrain.

Engine/Transmission

Model

GCWR (Gross Com- bined Wt. Rating)

Frontal Area Max. GTW (Gross

Trailer Wt.)

Max. Tongue Wt. (See Note

1)

3.7L/Automatic

3.7L/Automatic

4.7L/Automatic

4.7L/Automatic

4.7L/Automatic (w/ Trailer Tow Group IV) 4.7L/Automatic (w/ Trailer Tow Group IV)

5.7L/Automatic

4x2

4x4

4x2

4x4

4x2

4x4

4x2

8,000 lbs (3 629 kg)

8,200 lbs (3 719 kg)

8.560 lbs (3 883 kg)

8,650 lbs (3 924 kg)

11,200 lbs (5 080 kg)

11,450 lbs (5 194 kg)

12,200 lbs (5 534 kg)

35 Sq. Ft. (3.25
square meters) 35 Sq. Ft. (3.25
square meters) 35 Sq. Ft. (3.25
square meters) 35 Sq. Ft. (3.25
square meters) 64 Sq. Ft. (5.95
square meters) 64 Sq. Ft. (5.95
square meters) 64 Sq. Ft. (5.95
square meters)

3,500 lbs (1 587 kg) 350 lbs (159 kg)

3,500 lbs (1 587 kg) 350 lbs (159 kg)

3,500 lbs (1 587 kg) 350 lbs (159 kg)

3,500 lbs (1 587 kg) 350 lbs (159 kg)

6,500 lbs (2 948 kg) 650 lbs (295 kg)

6,500 lbs (2 948 kg) 650 lbs (295 kg)

7,400 lbs (3 357 kg) 740 lbs (336 kg)

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5.7L/Automatic (Over-

land)

5.7L/Automatic

3.0L Diesel/Automatic

3.0L Diesel/Automatic

4x2

4x4

4x2

4x4

12,200 lbs (5 534 kg)

12,200 lbs (5 534 kg)

12,200 lbs (5 534 kg)

12,200 lbs (5 534 kg)

64 Sq. Ft. (5.95
square meters) 64 Sq. Ft. (5.95
square meters) 64 Sq. Ft. (5.95
square meters) 64 Sq. Ft. (5.95
square meters)

7,395 lbs (3 354 kg) 740 lbs (336 kg)

7,200 lbs (3 266 kg) 720 lbs (327 kg)

7,400 lbs (3 357 kg) 740 lbs (336 kg)

7,200 lbs (3 266 kg) 720 lbs (327 kg)

Refer to local laws for maximum trailer towing speeds.

NOTE: The trailer tongue weight must be considered as part of the combined weight of occupants and cargo, and should never exceed the weight referenced on the Tire and Loading Information placard. The addition of pas- sengers and cargo may require reducing tongue load and

Gross Trailer Weight (GTW). Redistributing cargo (to the trailer) may be necessary to avoid exceeding Rear Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) of 3,200 lbs (1 451 kg). Refer to “Weight Distributing Hitch” in this section. Refer to the “Tire–Safety Information” section in this manual.

Trailer and Tongue Weight Always load a trailer with 60% to 65% of the weight in the front of the trailer. This places 10% to 15% of the Gross Trailer Weight (GTW) on the tow hitch of your vehicle. Loads balanced over the wheels or heavier in the rear can cause the trailer to sway severely side to side which will cause loss of control of vehicle and trailer. Failure to load trailers heavier in front is the cause of many trailer accidents. Never exceed the maximum tongue weight stamped on your trailer hitch.

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Consider the following items when computing the weight on the front/rear axles of the vehicle: † The tongue weight of the trailer. † The weight of any other type of cargo or equipment † The weight of the driver and all passengers.

put in or on your vehicle.

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NOTE: Remember that everything put into or on the trailer adds to the load on your vehicle. Also, additional factory-installed options, or dealer-installed options, must be considered as part of the total load on your vehicle. Refer to the Tire and Loading Information plac- ard in the “Tire—Safety Information” section of this manual for the maximum combined weight of occupants and cargo for your vehicle. Towing Requirements To promote proper break-in of your new vehicle driv- etrain components the following guidelines are recom- mended:

CAUTION!

† Avoid towing a trailer for the first 500 miles (805
km) of vehicle operation. Doing so may damage your vehicle. † During the first 500 miles (805 km) of trailer

towing, limit your speed to 50 mph (80 km/h).

Perform the maintenance listed in the “Maintenance Schedule.” Refer to Section 8 of this manual. When towing a trailer, never exceed the GAWR, or GCWR, ratings.

WARNING!

Improper towing can lead to an injury accident. Follow these guidelines to make your trailer towing as safe as possible: Make certain that the load is secured in the trailer and will not shift during travel. When trailering cargo that is not fully secured, dynamic load shifts can occur that may be difficult for the driver to control. You could lose control of your vehicle and have an accident.

† When hauling cargo or towing a trailer, do not over- load your vehicle or trailer. Overloading can cause a loss of control, poor performance or damage to brakes, axle, engine, transmission, steering, suspension, chas- sis structure or tires.

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† Safety chains must always be used between your vehicle and trailer. Always connect the chains to the hook retainers of the vehicle hitch. Cross the chains under the trailer tongue and allow enough slack for turning corners. † Vehicles with trailers should not be parked on a grade. When parking, apply the parking brake on the tow vehicle. Put the tow vehicle automatic transmission in P (Park). For four-wheel-drive vehicles, make sure the transfer case is not in N (Neutral). Always, block or 9chock9 the trailer wheels.

† GCWR must not be exceeded. † Total weight must be distributed between the tow vehicle and the trailer such that the following four ratings are not exceeded: 1. GVWR 2. GTW

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3. GAWR 4. Tongue weight rating for the trailer hitch utilized (This requirement may limit the ability to always achieve the 10% to 15% range of tongue weight as a percentage of total trailer weight).

Towing Requirements — Tires − Do not attempt to tow a trailer while using a compact

spare tire.

− Proper tire inflation pressures are essential to the safe and satisfactory operation of your vehicle. Refer to the “Tires–General Information” section of this manual for proper tire inflation procedures.

− Also, check the trailer tires for proper tire inflation

pressures before trailer usage.

− Check for signs of tire wear or visible tire damage before towing a trailer. Refer to the “Tires–General Information” section of this manual for the proper inspection procedure.

− When replacing tires, refer to the “Tires–General Infor- mation” section of this manual for proper tire replace- ment procedures. Replacing tires with a higher load carrying capacity will not increase the vehicle’s GVWR and GAWR limits.

Towing Requirements — Trailer Brakes − Do not interconnect the hydraulic brake system or vacuum system of your vehicle with that of the trailer. This could cause inadequate braking and possible personal injury.

− An electronically actuated trailer brake controller is required when towing a trailer with electronically actuated brakes. When towing a trailer equipped with a hydraulic surge actuated brake system, an electronic brake controller is not required.

− Trailer brakes are recommended for trailers over 1,000
lbs (454 kg) and required for trailers in excess of 2,000
lbs (907 kg).

CAUTION!

If the trailer weighs more than 1,000 lbs (454 kg) loaded, it should have its own brakes and they should be of adequate capacity. Failure to do this could lead to accelerated brake lining wear, higher brake pedal effort, and longer stopping distances.

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WARNING!

Do not connect trailer brakes to your vehicle’s hy- draulic brake lines. It can overload your brake sys- tem and cause it to fail. You might not have brakes when you need them and could have an accident. Towing any trailer will increase your stopping dis- tance. When towing you should allow for additional space between your vehicle and the vehicle in front of you. Failure to do so could result in an accident.

Towing Requirements — Trailer Lights & Wiring Whenever you pull a trailer, regardless of the trailer size, stop lights and turn signals on the trailer are required for motoring safety.

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The Trailer Tow Package may include a 4 and 7 pin wiring harness. Use a factory approved trailer harness and connector. The electrical connections are all complete to the vehicle but you must mate the harness to a trailer connector. Refer to the following illustrations.

7- Pin Connector

Towing Tips Before setting out on a trip, practice turning, stopping and backing the trailer in an area away from heavy traffic.

4 - Pin Connector

Towing Tips — Automatic Transmission The “D” range can be selected when towing. However, if frequent shifting occurs while in this range, the ”Tow/ Haul” mode (if equipped) or a lower gear range should be selected. NOTE: Using the ”Tow/Haul” mode (if equipped) or a lower gear range while operating the vehicle under heavy operating conditions will improve performance and extend transmission life by reducing excessive shift- ing and heat build up. This action will also provide better engine braking. The automatic transmission fluid and filter should be changed if you REGULARLY tow a trailer for more than 45 minutes of continuous operation. Refer to the “Main- tenance Schedule” in Section 8 of this manual for trans- mission fluid change intervals. NOTE: Check the automatic transmission fluid level before towing.

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Towing Tips — Electronic Speed Control (If Equipped) − Don’t use in hilly terrain or with heavy loads. − When using the speed control, if you experience speed drops greater than 10 mph (16 km/h), disengage until you can get back to cruising speed.

− Use speed control in flat terrain and with light loads to

maximize fuel efficiency.

Towing Tips — Cooling System To reduce potential for engine and transmission over- heating, take the following actions: − City Driving When stopped for short periods of time, put transmission in N (Neutral) and increase engine idle speed. − Highway Driving Reduce speed.

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− Air Conditioning Turn off temporarily. − Refer to Cooling System Operating information in the Maintenance section of this manual for more informa- tion.

RECREATIONAL TOWING (BEHIND MOTORHOME, ETC.)

Towing – 2WD Models

Towing — Quadra-Trac I (Single-Speed Transfer Case) 4WD Models

Recreational towing is not allowed. This model does not have a N (Neutral) position in the transfer case. Towing — Quadra–Trac II /Quadra–Drive II 4WD