2011 GMC Savana Owners Manual

{ WARNING

Rust or dirt on a wheel, or on the parts to which it is fastened, can make wheel nuts become loose after time. The wheel could come off and cause an accident. When changing a wheel, remove any rust or dirt from places where the wheel attaches to the vehicle. In an emergency, use a cloth or a paper towel to do this; but be sure to use a scraper or wire brush later, if needed, to get all the rust or dirt off. See If a Tire Goes Flat on page 10‑73.

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Lightly coat the center of the wheel hub with wheel bearing grease after a wheel change or tire rotation to prevent corrosion or rust build-up. Do not get grease on the flat wheel mounting surface or on the wheel nuts or bolts.

Dual Tire Rotation When the vehicle is new, or whenever a wheel, wheel bolt or wheel nut is replaced, check the wheel nut torque after 100, 1,000 and 6,000 miles (160, 1 600 and 10 000 km) of driving. For proper wheel nut tightening information, see “Removing the Flat Tire and Installing the Spare Tire” later in this section, under If a Tire Goes Flat on page 10‑73. Also see “Wheel Nut Torque” under Capacities and Specifications on page 12‑2.

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10-66

Vehicle Care

The outer tire on a dual wheel setup generally wears faster than the inner tire. Your tires will wear more evenly and last longer if you rotate the tires periodically. See Tire Inspection on page 10‑64 and Tire Rotation on page 10‑64. Also see Scheduled Maintenance on page 11‑2.

{ WARNING

If you operate your vehicle with a tire that is badly underinflated, the tire can overheat. An overheated tire can lose air suddenly or catch fire. You or others could be injured. Be sure all tires (including the spare) are properly inflated.

See Tires on page 10‑52 and Tire Pressure on page 10‑58 for more information on proper tire inflation.

When It Is Time for New Tires Various factors, such as maintenance, temperatures, driving speeds, vehicle loading, and road conditions, influence when you need new tires.

One way to tell when it is time for new tires is to check the treadwear indicators, which appear when your tires have only 1.6 mm (1/16 in) or less of tread remaining.

Some commercial truck tires, including Goodyear LT225/75R16
G949 RSA and Goodyear LT225/ 75R16 G933 RSD, may not have treadwear indicators. If the tires do not have treadwear indicators, replace the tires when the tread depth is down to 3.2 mm (1/8 in) for the front tires, or 1.6 mm (1/16 in) for the rear tires. See Tire Inspection on page 10‑64 and Tire Rotation on page 10‑64 for additional information. The rubber in tires ages over time. This is also true for the spare tire, if the vehicle has one, even if it is not being used. Multiple conditions affect how fast this aging takes place, including temperatures, loading conditions, and inflation pressure maintenance. Tires will typically need to be replaced due to wear before they may need to be replaced due to age. Consult the tire manufacturer for more information on when tires should be replaced.

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Vehicle Storage Tires age when stored normally mounted on a parked vehicle. Park a vehicle that will be stored for at least a month in a cool, dry, clean area away from direct sunlight to slow aging. This area should be free of grease, gasoline or other substances that can deteriorate rubber. Parking for an extended period can cause flat spots on the tires that may result in vibrations while driving. When storing a vehicle for at least a month, remove the tires or raise the vehicle to reduce the weight from the tires.

Buying New Tires GM has developed and matched specific tires for the vehicle. The original equipment tires installed on the vehicle, when it was new, were designed to meet General Motors Tire Performance Criteria Specification (TPC Spec) system rating. If you need replacement tires, GM strongly recommends that you get tires with the same TPC Spec rating. This way, the vehicle will continue to have tires that are designed to give the same performance and vehicle safety, during normal use, as the original tires.

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GM's exclusive TPC Spec system considers over a dozen critical specifications that impact the overall performance of the vehicle, including brake system performance, ride and handling, traction control, and tire pressure monitoring performance. GM's TPC Spec number is molded onto the tire's sidewall near the tire size. If the tires have an all‐season tread design, the TPC spec number will be followed by an MS for mud and snow. See Tire Sidewall Labeling on page 10‑53 for additional information.

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Vehicle Care

GM recommends replacing tires in sets of four. This is because uniform tread depth on all tires will help keep the vehicle performing most like it did when the tires were new. Replacing less than a full set of tires can affect the braking and handling performance of the vehicle. See Tire Inspection on page 10‑64 and Tire Rotation on page 10‑64 for information on proper tire rotation.

{ WARNING Tires could explode during improper service. You or others could be injured or killed if you attempt to mount or dismount a tire. Only your dealer or an authorized tire service center should mount and dismount the tires.

{ WARNING

{ WARNING

Mixing tires could cause you to lose control while driving. If you mix tires of different sizes, brands, or types (radial and bias-belted tires), the vehicle might not handle properly, and you could have a crash. Using tires of different sizes, brands, or types could also cause damage to the vehicle. Be sure to use the same size, brand, and type of tires on all wheels. This vehicle may have a different size spare than the road tires (those originally installed on the vehicle). When new, the vehicle included a spare tire and wheel assembly with a similar overall diameter as the vehicle's road tires and wheels, so it is all right to drive on it. Because this spare was developed for use on the vehicle, it will not affect vehicle handling.

If you use bias-ply tires on the vehicle, the wheel rim flanges could develop cracks after many miles of driving. A tire and/or wheel could fail suddenly, causing a crash. Use only radial-ply tires with the wheels on the vehicle.

If you must replace the vehicle's tires with those that do not have a TPC Spec number, make sure they are the same size, load range, speed rating, and construction type (radial and bias‐belted tires) as the vehicle's original tires. Vehicles that have a tire pressure monitoring system may give an inaccurate low‐pressure warning if non‐TPC Spec-rated tires are installed on the vehicle.

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control, and electronic stability control, the performance of these systems can be affected. { WARNING If you add different sized wheels, the vehicle may not provide an acceptable level of performance and safety if tires not recommended for those wheels are selected. You may increase the chance that you will crash and suffer serious injury. Only use GM specific wheel and tire systems developed for the vehicle, and have them properly installed by a GM certified technician.

See Buying New Tires on page 10‑67 and Accessories and Modifications on page 10‑4 for additional information.

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10-69

Uniform Tire Quality Grading Quality grades can be found where applicable on the tire sidewall between tread shoulder and maximum section width. For example:

Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A The following information relates to the system developed by the United States National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), which grades tires by treadwear, traction, and temperature performance. This applies only to vehicles sold in the United States. The grades are molded on the sidewalls of most passenger car tires.

Non‐TPC Spec-rated tires may give a low‐pressure warning that is higher or lower than the proper warning level you would get with TPC Spec-rated tires. See Tire Pressure Monitor System on page 10‑59. The vehicle's original equipment tires are listed on the Tire and Loading Information label. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑12
for more information about the Tire and Loading Information label and its location on the vehicle.

Different Size Tires and Wheels If you add wheels or tires that are a different size than the original equipment wheels and tires, this could affect the way the vehicle performs, including its braking, ride and handling characteristics, stability, and resistance to rollover. Additionally, if the vehicle has electronic systems such as antilock brakes, rollover airbags, traction

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Vehicle Care

The Uniform Tire Quality Grading (UTQG) system does not apply to deep tread, winter-type snow tires, space-saver, or temporary use spare tires, tires with nominal rim diameters of 10 to 12 inches (25 to 30 cm), or to some limited-production tires. While the tires available on General Motors passenger cars and light trucks may vary with respect to these grades, they must also conform to federal safety requirements and additional General Motors Tire Performance Criteria (TPC) standards. All Passenger Car Tires Must Conform to Federal Safety Requirements In Addition To These Grades.

Treadwear The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a specified government test course. For example, a tire graded 150 would wear one and a half (1½) times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual conditions of their use, however, and may depart significantly from the norm due to variations in driving habits, service practices and differences in road characteristics and climate.

Traction – AA, A, B, C The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are AA, A, B, and C. Those grades represent the tire's ability to stop on wet pavement as measured under controlled conditions on specified government test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor traction performance. Warning: The traction grade assigned to this tire is based on straight-ahead braking traction tests, and does not include acceleration, cornering, hydroplaning, or peak traction characteristics.

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Temperature – A, B, C The temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing the tire's resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a specified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and excessive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure. The grade C corresponds to a level of performance which all passenger car tires must meet under the Federal Motor Safety Standard No. 109. Grades B and A represent higher levels of performance on the laboratory test wheel than the minimum required by law. Warning: The temperature grade for this tire

is established for a tire that is properly inflated and not overloaded. Excessive speed, underinflation, or excessive loading, either separately or in combination, can cause heat buildup and possible tire failure.

Wheel Alignment and Tire Balance The tires and wheels on the vehicle were aligned and balanced carefully at the factory to give the longest tire life and best overall performance. Adjustments to wheel alignment and tire balancing will not be necessary on a regular basis. However, if there is unusual tire wear or the vehicle pulls to one side or the other, the alignment should be checked. If the vehicle vibrates when driving on a smooth road, the tires and wheels might need to be rebalanced. See your dealer for proper diagnosis.

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Wheel Replacement Replace any wheel that is bent, cracked, or badly rusted or corroded. If wheel nuts keep coming loose, the wheel, wheel bolts, and wheel nuts should be replaced. If the wheel leaks air, replace it, except some aluminum wheels, which can sometimes be repaired. See your dealer if any of these conditions exist. Your dealer will know the kind of wheel you need. Each new wheel should have the same load-carrying capacity, diameter, width, offset, and be mounted the same way as the one it replaces.

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10-72

Vehicle Care

If you need to replace any of the wheels, wheel bolts, wheel nuts, or Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) sensors, replace them only with new GM original equipment parts. This way, you will be sure to have the right wheel, wheel bolts, wheel nuts, and TPMS sensors for the vehicle.

{ WARNING

Using the wrong replacement wheels, wheel bolts, or wheel nuts on the vehicle can be dangerous. It could affect the braking and handling of the vehicle, make the tires lose air and make you lose control. You could have a collision in which you or others could be injured. Always use the correct wheel, wheel bolts, and wheel nuts for replacement.

Notice: The wrong wheel can also cause problems with bearing life, brake cooling, speedometer or odometer calibration, headlamp aim, bumper height, vehicle ground clearance, and tire or tire chain clearance to the body and chassis. See If a Tire Goes Flat on page 10‑73 for more information. Used Replacement Wheels

{ WARNING

Putting a used wheel on the vehicle is dangerous. You cannot know how it has been used or how far it has been driven. It could fail suddenly and cause a crash. If you have to replace a wheel, use a new GM original equipment wheel.

Tire Chains

{ WARNING

Tire chains used on a vehicle without the proper amount of clearance can cause damage to the brakes, suspension, or other vehicle parts. The area damaged by the tire chains could cause you to lose control of the vehicle and you or others may be injured in a crash. To help avoid damage to the vehicle, drive slowly, readjust, or remove the device if it is contacting the vehicle. Do not spin the vehicle's tires. Follow the manufacturer's instructions.

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Notice: Use tire chains only where legal and only when you must. Use chains that are the proper size for the tires. Install them on the tires of the rear axle. Do not use chains on the tires of the front axle. Tighten them as tightly as possible with the ends securely fastened. Drive slowly and follow the chain manufacturer's instructions. If you can hear the chains contacting the vehicle, stop and retighten them. If the contact continues, slow down until it stops. Driving too fast or spinning the wheels with chains on will damage the vehicle.

For Cutaway models with LT245/ 75R16, LT225/75R16 or LT215/ 85R16 size single or dual rear tires, use Low Profile Z-Chain or SAE Class S cables. For Cargo or Passenger models with P245/70R17, LT225/75R16 or LT245/75R16 size tires, use Low Profile Z-Chain cables. SAE Class S chains are not recommended. If the vehicle has dual rear tires, do not use individual tire chains. Use tire chains that fit across both dual tires.

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If a Tire Goes Flat It is unusual for a tire to blowout while you are driving, especially if you maintain the vehicle's tires properly. If air goes out of a tire, it is much more likely to leak out slowly. But if you should ever have a blowout, here are a few tips about what to expect and what to do: If a front tire fails, the flat tire creates a drag that pulls the vehicle toward that side. Take your foot off the accelerator pedal and grip the steering wheel firmly. Steer to maintain lane position, and then gently brake to a stop, well off the road, if possible.

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10-74

Vehicle Care

A rear blowout, particularly on a curve, acts much like a skid and may require the same correction you would use in a skid. In any rear blowout remove your foot from the accelerator pedal. Get the vehicle under control by steering the way you want the vehicle to go. It may be very bumpy and noisy, but you can still steer. Gently brake to a stop, well off the road, if possible.

{ WARNING

Driving on a flat tire will cause permanent damage to the tire. Re-inflating a tire after it has been driven on while severely underinflated or flat may cause a blowout and a serious crash. Never attempt to re-inflate a tire that has been driven on while severely underinflated or flat. Have your dealer or an authorized tire service center repair or replace the flat tire as soon as possible.

{ WARNING Lifting a vehicle and getting under it to do maintenance or repairs is dangerous without the appropriate safety equipment and training. If a jack is provided with the vehicle, it is designed only for changing a flat tire. If it is used for anything else, you or others could be badly injured or killed if the vehicle slips off the jack. If a jack is provided with the vehicle, only use it for changing a flat tire.

If a tire goes flat, avoid further tire and wheel damage by driving slowly to a level place, well off the road, if possible. Turn on the hazard warning flashers. See Hazard Warning Flashers on page 6‑4.

{ WARNING

Changing a tire can be dangerous. The vehicle can slip off the jack and roll over or fall on you or other people. You and they could be badly injured or even killed. Find a level place to change the tire. To help prevent the vehicle from moving:

1. Set the parking brake firmly. 2. Put an automatic

transmission shift lever in P (Park), or shift a manual transmission to 1 (First) or R (Reverse).

3. Turn off the engine and do not restart while the vehicle is raised.

4. Do not allow passengers to

remain in the vehicle.

(Continued)

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WARNING (Continued)

To be certain the vehicle will not move, put blocks at the front and rear of the tire farthest away from the one being changed. That would be the tire on the other side, at the opposite end of the vehicle.

When the vehicle has a flat tire (B), use the following example as a guide to assist in the placement of wheel blocks (A).

A. Wheel Block B. Flat Tire The following information explains how to repair or change a tire.

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Tire Changing

Removing the Spare Tire and Tools If you have a cargo van or a passenger van, the equipment you will need is located in the passenger side rear corner of the vehicle.

Remove the retaining wing bolt and lift it off of the mounting bracket.

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10-76

Vehicle Care

If you have a van with the 15‐passenger seating arrangement, the equipment you will need is secured on the rear floor of the passenger side of the vehicle.

To access the equipment, remove the retaining wing bolt and lift it out of the mounting bracket.

To lower the spare tire from the vehicle:

The tools you will be using include: A. Jack B. Jack Handle C. Hoist Extension D. Jack Handle Extension E. Wheel Wrench The spare tire is mounted in the rear underbody of the vehicle. You will use the hoist extension, the jack handle extensions and the wheel wrench to remove the underbody‐mounted spare tire.

A. Spare Tire B. Tire/Wheel Retainer C. Hoist Cable D. Hoist Assembly E. Hoist Shaft F.

Jack Handle and Hoist Extensions

G. Wheel Wrench

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Vehicle Care

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3. Turn the wheel wrench

counterclockwise to lower the spare tire to the ground. Continue to turn the wheel wrench until the spare tire can be pulled out from under the vehicle. If the spare tire does not lower to the ground, the secondary latch is engaged causing the tire not to lower. See Secondary Latch System on page 10‑84.

1. Assemble the wheel wrench (G) to one or two of the jack handle and the hoist extensions (F). Insert the hoist extension end through the hole in the rear bumper.

2. Be sure the hoist extension end

connects to the hoist shaft (E). The chiseled end of the extension is used to lower the spare tire.

4. When the tire has been

lowered, pull the tire toward you so you can reach the tire retainer and pull it up through the wheel opening. If you have a vehicle which was completed from a cab and chassis, refer to the information from body supplier/installer. The spare tire is a full‐size tire, like the other tires on the vehicle.

5. Put the spare tire near the

flat tire.

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Vehicle Care

Removing the Flat Tire and Installing the Spare Tire If the vehicle has plastic wheel nut caps, loosen them by turning the wheel wrench counterclockwise. The wheel nut caps are designed to remain with the center cap. Remove the center cap. If the wheel has a smooth center piece, place the chisel end of the wheel wrench in the slot on the wheel and gently pry it out. 1. Do a safety check before

proceeding. See If a Tire Goes Flat on page 10‑73 for more information.

2. Loosen all the wheel nuts with

the wheel wrench. Do not remove them yet.

3. Assemble the jack and tools:

Front Flat: Assemble the jack (A) together with the jack handle (B), one or two jack handle extensions (D) and the wheel wrench (E). Rear Flat: Assemble the jack (A) together with the jack handle (B), two jack handle extensions (D), and the wheel wrench (E).

Front Position

Front Position

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Vehicle Care

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{ WARNING Raising the vehicle with the jack improperly positioned can damage the vehicle and even make the vehicle fall. To help avoid personal injury and vehicle damage, be sure to fit the jack lift head into the proper location before raising the vehicle.

5. Raise the vehicle by turning the wheel wrench clockwise. Raise the vehicle far enough off the ground so there is enough room for the spare tire to fit.

4. Position the jack under the

vehicle as shown. The front position jacking point is on the frame. The rear position jacking point is on the rear axle. If the exhaust system interferes in the jack location in the rear axle, such as in Diesel vehicles, place the jack (A) on the rear axle between the axle housing and the shock absorber bracket in order to avoid any interference with the exhaust pipe (B).

{ WARNING

Getting under a vehicle when it is jacked up is dangerous. If the vehicle slips off the jack you could be badly injured or killed. Never get under a vehicle when it is supported only by a jack.

Rear Position

Rear Alternative Position (Diesel

Vehicles)

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Vehicle Care

{ WARNING

Rust or dirt on a wheel, or on the parts to which it is fastened, can make wheel nuts become loose after time. The wheel could come off and cause an accident. When changing a wheel, remove any rust or dirt from places where the wheel attaches to the vehicle. In an emergency, use a cloth or a paper towel to do this; but be sure to use a scraper or wire brush later, if needed, to get all the rust or dirt off. See If a Tire Goes Flat on page 10‑73.

6. Remove all the wheel nuts. 7. Take flat tire off of the mounting

surface.

8. Remove any rust or dirt from the

wheel bolts, mounting surfaces and spare wheel.

{ WARNING

Never use oil or grease on bolts or nuts because the nuts might come loose. The vehicle's wheel could fall off, causing a crash.

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Vehicle Care

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WARNING (Continued)

operation. Replace any wheel if its stud holes have become larger or distorted in any way. Inspect hubs and hub‐piloted wheels for damage. Because of loose running wheels, piloting pad damage may occur and require replacement of the entire hub, for proper centering of the wheels. When replacing studs, hubs, wheel nuts or wheels, be sure to use GM original equipment parts.

{ WARNING

Wheel nuts that are not tight can work loose. If all the nuts on a wheel come off, the wheel can come off the vehicle, causing a crash. All wheel nuts must be properly tightened. Follow the rules in this section to be sure they are.

{ WARNING

If wheel studs are damaged, they can break. If all the studs on a wheel broke, the wheel could come off and cause a crash. If any stud is damaged because of a loose-running wheel, it could be that all of the studs are damaged. To be sure, replace all studs on the wheel. If the stud holes in a wheel have become larger, the wheel could collapse in (Continued)

9. Put the wheel nuts back on with

the rounded end of the nuts toward the wheel. Tighten each wheel nut by hand until the wheel is held against the hub.

10. Lower the vehicle by

turning the jack handle counterclockwise. Lower the jack completely.

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10-82

Vehicle Care

{ WARNING

Wheel nuts that are improperly or incorrectly tightened can cause the wheels to become loose or come off. The wheel nuts should be tightened with a torque wrench to the proper torque specification after replacing. Follow the torque specification supplied by the aftermarket manufacturer when using accessory locking wheel nuts. See Capacities and Specifications on page 12‑2 for original equipment wheel nut torque specifications.

Notice: Improperly tightened wheel nuts can lead to brake pulsation and rotor damage. To avoid expensive brake repairs, evenly tighten the wheel nuts in the proper sequence and to the proper torque specification. See Capacities and Specifications on page 12‑2 for the wheel nut torque specification.

12. Put the wheel cover or the

center cap and plastic wheel nut caps back on. Remove any wheel blocks. Have a technician check the wheel nut tightness of all wheels with a torque wrench after the first 160 km (100 miles) and then 1600 km (1,000 miles) after that. Repeat this service whenever you have a tire removed or serviced. See Capacities and Specifications on page 12‑2 for more information.

11. Use the wheel wrench to

tighten the nuts firmly. Turn the wheel wrench clockwise and in a crisscross sequence as shown.

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Storing a Flat or Spare Tire and Tools

{ WARNING

Storing a jack, a tire, or other equipment in the passenger compartment of the vehicle could cause injury. In a sudden stop or collision, loose equipment could strike someone. Store all these in the proper place.

1. Put the tire on the ground at the rear of the vehicle with the valve stem pointed down.

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and the cable is tight. The spare tire hoist cannot be overtightened.

2. Pull the retaining bar through the center of the wheel, making sure it is properly attached.

3. Pull the wheel toward the rear of

the vehicle, keeping the cable tight.

4. Put the chisel end of the hoist extension on an angle through the hole in the rear door frame, above the bumper.

5. Raise the tire fully against

the underside of the vehicle. Continue turning the wheel wrench until the tire is secure

6. Make sure the tire is stored

securely. Push, pull (A), and then try to turn (B) the tire. If the tire moves, use the wheel wrench to tighten the cable. You will hear two clicks when the tire is up all the way.

7. Return the jacking equipment to the proper location. Secure the items and replace the jack cover.

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10-84

Vehicle Care

Secondary Latch System This vehicle has an underbody-mounted tire hoist assembly equipped with a secondary latch system. It is designed to stop the spare tire from suddenly falling off the vehicle if the cable holding the spare tire is damaged. For the secondary latch to work, the tire must be stowed with the valve stem pointing down. See “Storing a Flat or Spare Tire and Tools” under Tire Changing on page 10‑75 for instructions on storing the spare tire correctly.

{ WARNING

Before beginning this procedure read all the instructions. Failure to read and follow the instructions could damage the hoist assembly and you and others could get hurt. Read and follow the instructions listed next.

To release the spare tire from the secondary latch:

{ WARNING

Someone standing too close during the procedure could be injured by the jack. If the spare tire does not slide off the jack completely, make sure no one is behind you or on either side of you as you pull the jack out from under the spare.

1. Check under the vehicle to see if

the cable end is visible.

If the cable is not visible, start this procedure at Step 6. 2. Turn the hoist extension

counterclockwise until approximately 15 cm (6 in) of cable is exposed.

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Vehicle Care

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spare tire and turn the handle clockwise to raise the jack until it lifts the secondary latch spring.

Turn the wheel wrench counterclockwise to lower the spare the rest of the way.

5. Keep raising the jack until the

8. Tilt the retainer at the end of

spare tire stops moving upward and is held firmly in place. This lets you know that the secondary latch has released. The spare tire is now balancing on the jack.

6. Lower the jack by turning the

wheel wrench counterclockwise. Keep lowering the jack until the spare tire slides off the jack or is hanging by the cable.

7. Disconnect the jack handle from the jack and carefully remove the jack. Use one hand to push against the spare while firmly pulling the jack out from under the spare tire with the other hand. If the spare tire is hanging from the cable, assembly the wheel wrench onto the hoist extension and insert the chisel end of the hoist extension into the hoist shaft hole above the bumper.

the cable and pull it through the wheel opening. Pull the tire out from under the vehicle.

Notice: If you drive away before the spare tire or secondary latch system cable has been reinstalled, you could damage the vehicle. Always reinstall this cable before driving the vehicle. 9.

If the cable is hanging under the vehicle, turn the wheel wrench in the hoist shaft hole in the bumper clockwise to raise the cable back up.

Have the hoist assembly inspected as soon as you can. You will not be able to store a spare or flat tire using the hoist assembly until it has been repaired or replaced.

3. Attach the jack handle/jack handle extension and wheel wrench to the jack.

4. Place the jack under the vehicle,

ahead of the rear bumper. Position the center lift point of the jack under the center of the

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Vehicle Care

To continue changing the flat tire, return to Step 4 of “Storing a Flat or Spare Tire and Tools” under Tire Changing on page 10‑75.

Full-Size Spare Tire This vehicle, when new, may have had a fully-inflated spare tire. A spare tire may lose air over time, so check its inflation pressure regularly. See Tire Pressure on page 10‑58 and Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑12 for information regarding proper tire inflation and loading the vehicle. For instruction on how to remove, install or store a spare tire, see “Removing the Flat Tire and Installing the Spare Tire” and “Storing a Flat or Spare Tire and Tools” under Tire Changing on page 10‑75.

After installing the spare tire on the vehicle, you should stop as soon as possible and make sure the spare is correctly inflated. The spare tire is made to perform well at speeds up to 112 km/h (70 mph) at the recommended inflation pressure, so you can finish your trip. Have the damaged or flat road tire repaired or replaced as soon as you can and installed back onto the vehicle. This way, a spare tire will be available in case you need it again. Do not mix tires and wheels of different sizes, because they will not fit. Keep the spare tire and its wheel together.

Jump Starting For more information about the vehicle battery, see Battery on page 10‑33. If the vehicle battery has run down, you may want to use another vehicle and some jumper cables to start your vehicle. Be sure to use the following steps to do it safely.

{ WARNING

Batteries can hurt you. They can be dangerous because:

. They contain acid that can

burn you.

. They contain gas that can

explode or ignite.

. They contain enough electricity to burn you.

If you do not follow these steps exactly, some or all of these things can hurt you.

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Notice: Ignoring these steps could result in costly damage to the vehicle that would not be covered by the warranty. Trying to start the vehicle by pushing or pulling it will not work, and it could damage the vehicle. 1. Check the other vehicle. It must

have a 12-volt battery with a negative ground system. Notice: Only use a vehicle that has a 12-volt system with a negative ground for jump starting. If the other vehicle does not have a 12-volt system with a negative ground, both vehicles can be damaged.

2. Get the vehicles close enough

so the jumper cables can reach, but be sure the vehicles are not touching each other. If they are, it could cause a ground connection you do not want. You would not be able to start your vehicle, and the bad grounding could damage the electrical systems. To avoid the possibility of the vehicles rolling, set the parking brake firmly on both vehicles involved in the jump start procedure. Put an automatic transmission in P (Park) or a manual transmission in N (Neutral) before setting the parking brake.

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Notice: If the radio or other accessories are left on during the jump starting procedure, they could be damaged. The repairs would not be covered by the warranty. Always turn off the radio and other accessories when jump starting the vehicle. 3. Turn off the ignition on both

vehicles. Unplug unnecessary accessories plugged into the cigarette lighter or the accessory power outlet. Turn off the radio and all lamps that are not needed. This will avoid sparks and help save both batteries. And it could save the radio!

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Vehicle Care

4. Open the hoods and locate the

positive (+) and negative (−) terminal locations of the other vehicle. On your van, use the unpainted radio antenna bracket as a remote negative (−) terminal.

{ WARNING

Using an open flame near a battery can cause battery gas to explode. People have been hurt doing this, and some have been blinded. Use a flashlight if you need more light. Be sure the battery has enough water. You do not need to add water to the battery installed in your new vehicle. But if a battery has filler caps, be sure the right amount of fluid is there. If it is low, add water to take care of that first. If you do not, explosive gas could be present.

(Continued)

WARNING (Continued)

Battery fluid contains acid that can burn you. Do not get it on you. If you accidentally get it in your eyes or on your skin, flush the place with water and get medical help immediately.

{ WARNING

Fans or other moving engine parts can injure you badly. Keep your hands away from moving parts once the engine is running.

5. Check that the jumper cables do not have loose or missing insulation. If they do, you could get a shock. The vehicles could be damaged too.

Before you connect the cables, here are some basic things you should know. Positive (+) will go to positive (+) or to a remote positive (+) terminal if the vehicle has one. Negative (−) will go to an unpainted metal part or to a remote negative (−) terminal if the vehicle has one. On your van, use the unpainted radio antenna bracket as a remote negative (−) terminal. Do not connect positive (+) to negative (−) or you will get a short that would damage the battery and maybe other parts too. And do not connect the negative (−) cable to the negative (−) terminal on the dead battery because this can cause sparks.

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Black plate (89,1)

Do not let the other end touch anything until the next step. The other end of the negative (−) cable does not go to the dead battery. It goes to a heavy, unpainted metal engine part or to a remote negative (−) terminal on the vehicle with the dead battery. On your van, use the unpainted radio antenna bracket as a remote negative (−) terminal.

Vehicle Care

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the vehicle with the dead battery. On your van, use the unpainted radio antenna bracket as a remote negative (−) terminal. Notice: Your vehicle uses the unpainted radio antenna bracket as a remote negative (−) terminal. Move the antenna coax cable out of the way before clamping the negative jumper cable to the fixed antenna bracket. Avoid touching the negative cable clamp to the air conditioning line. Failure to do either of these could damage your vehicle. The repairs would not be covered by the warranty. 9. Now start the vehicle with the

good battery and run the engine for a while.

8. Connect the other end of

the negative (−) cable to the negative (−) terminal location on

6. Connect the red positive (+)

cable to the positive (+) terminal of the dead battery. Use a remote positive (+) terminal if the vehicle has one. Do not let the other end touch metal. Connect it to the positive (+) terminal of the good battery. Use a remote positive (+) terminal if the vehicle has one.

7. Now connect the black

negative (−) cable to the negative (−) terminal of the good battery. Use a remote negative (−) terminal if the vehicle has one.

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Vehicle Care

10. Try to start the vehicle that

had the dead battery. If it will not start after a few tries, it probably needs service.

Notice: If the jumper cables are connected or removed in the wrong order, electrical shorting may occur and damage the vehicle. The repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Always connect and remove the jumper cables in the correct order, making sure that the cables do not touch each other or other metal.

To disconnect the jumper cables from both vehicles, do the following: 1. Disconnect the black

negative (−) cable from the vehicle that had the dead battery.

2. Disconnect the black

negative (−) cable from the vehicle with the good battery.

3. Disconnect the red positive (+) cable from the vehicle with the good battery.

4. Disconnect the red positive (+)

cable from the other vehicle.

5. Return the remote positive (+)

terminal cover to its original position.

Jumper Cable Removal

A. Unpainted Metal Part or Remote

Negative (−) Terminal

B. Good Battery or Remote Positive (+) and Remote Negative (−) Terminals

C. Dead Battery or Remote

Positive (+) Terminal

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Vehicle Care

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Towing

Towing the Vehicle Notice: To avoid damage, the disabled vehicle should be towed with all four wheels off the ground. Care must be taken with vehicles that have low ground clearance and/or special equipment. Always flatbed on a car carrier. Consult your dealer or a professional towing service if the disabled vehicle must be towed. See Roadside Assistance Program on page 13‑5. To tow the vehicle behind another vehicle for recreational purposes, such as behind a motor home, see “Recreational Vehicle Towing” in this section.

Recreational Vehicle Towing Recreational vehicle towing means towing the vehicle behind another vehicle – such as behind a motor home. The two most common types of recreational vehicle towing are known as dinghy towing and dolly towing. Dinghy towing is towing the vehicle with all four wheels on the ground. Dolly towing is towing the vehicle with two wheels on the ground and two wheels up on a device known as a dolly. Here are some important things to consider before recreational vehicle towing: . What is the towing capacity

of the towing vehicle? Be sure to read the tow vehicle manufacturer's recommendations.

. What is the distance that will be travelled? Some vehicles have restrictions on how far and how long they can tow. Is the proper towing equipment going to be used? See your dealer or trailering professional for additional advice and equipment recommendations. Is the vehicle ready to be towed? Just as preparing the vehicle for a long trip, make sure the vehicle is prepared to be towed.

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Vehicle Care

Dinghy Towing

Two-Wheel‐Drive Vehicles Notice: If the vehicle is towed with all four wheels on the ground, the drivetrain components could be damaged. The repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Do not tow the vehicle with all four wheels on the ground.

Two-wheel-drive vehicles should not be towed with all four wheels on the ground. Two-wheel-drive transmissions have no provisions for internal lubrication while being towed.

All‐Wheel‐Drive Vehicles The vehicle was not designed to be towed with all four wheels on the ground. To properly tow these vehicles, they should be placed on a platform trailer with all four wheels off the ground. Notice: Towing an all-wheel-drive vehicle with all four wheels on the ground, or even with only two of its wheels on the ground, will damage drivetrain components. Do not tow an all-wheel-drive vehicle with any of its wheels on the ground.

Dolly Towing

Rear Towing (Rear Wheels Off the Ground) – Two‐Wheel‐Drive Vehicles

Use the following procedure to tow the vehicle from the rear: 1. Attach the dolly to the tow vehicle following the dolly manufacturer's instructions.

2. Drive the rear wheels onto the

dolly.

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Vehicle Care

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Notice: Towing an all-wheel-drive vehicle with all four wheels on the ground, or even with only two of its wheels on the ground, will damage drivetrain components. Do not tow an all-wheel-drive vehicle with any of its wheels on the ground.

3. Firmly set the parking brake.

See Parking Brake on page 9‑34
for more information.

Rear Towing (Rear Wheels Off the Ground) – All‐Wheel‐Drive Vehicles

4. Put the transmission in P (Park). 5. Secure the vehicle to the dolly

following the manufacturer's instructions.

6. Use an adequate clamping

device designed for towing to ensure that the front wheels are locked into the straight position. 7. Turn the ignition to LOCK/OFF.

If the tow vehicle will not be started or driven for six weeks or more, remove the battery cable from the negative terminal (post) of the battery to prevent the battery from draining while towing.

The vehicle was not designed to be towed with two wheels on the ground. To properly tow these vehicles, they should be placed on a platform trailer with all four wheels off the ground.

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Vehicle Care

Appearance Care

Exterior Care If dirt and/or contaminants build up in the glass seals, use a cloth and water to clean the glass seals. Silicone grease on weatherstrips will make them last longer, seal better, and not stick or squeak. Apply silicone grease with a clean cloth. During very cold, damp weather frequent application may be required. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑7. Washing the Vehicle The best way to preserve the finish is to keep it clean by washing it often. Notice: Certain cleaners contain chemicals that can damage the emblems or nameplates on the vehicle. Check the cleaning product label. If it states that it should not be used on plastic parts, do not use it on the vehicle

or damage may occur and it would not be covered by the warranty. Do not wash the vehicle in direct sunlight. Use a car washing soap. Do not use cleaning agents that are petroleum based or that contain acid or abrasives, as they can damage the paint, metal or plastic on the vehicle. Approved cleaning products can be obtained from your dealer. Follow all manufacturers' directions regarding correct product usage, necessary safety precautions and appropriate disposal of any vehicle care product. Rinse the vehicle well, before washing and after to remove all cleaning agents completely. If they are allowed to dry on the surface, they could stain. Dry the finish with a soft, clean chamois or an all-cotton towel to avoid surface scratches and water spotting.

High pressure car washes may cause water to enter the vehicle. Avoid using high pressure washes closer than 30 cm (12 in) to the surface of the vehicle. Use of power washers exceeding 8 274 kPa (1,200 psi) can result in damage or removal of paint and decals. Cleaning Exterior Lamps/Lenses Use only lukewarm or cold water, a soft cloth and a car washing soap to clean exterior lamps and lenses. Follow instructions under “Washing the Vehicle.” Finish Care Occasional waxing or mild polishing of the vehicle by hand may be necessary to remove residue from the paint finish. Approved cleaning products can be obtained from your dealer.

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If the vehicle has a basecoat/ clearcoat paint finish, the clearcoat gives more depth and gloss to the colored basecoat. Always use waxes and polishes that are non-abrasive and made for a basecoat/clearcoat paint finish. Notice: Machine compounding or aggressive polishing on a basecoat/clearcoat paint finish may damage it. Use only non-abrasive waxes and polishes that are made for a basecoat/ clearcoat paint finish on the vehicle. Foreign materials such as calcium chloride and other salts, ice melting agents, road oil and tar, tree sap, bird droppings, chemicals from industrial chimneys, etc., can damage the vehicle's finish if they remain on painted surfaces. Wash the vehicle as soon as possible. If necessary, use non-abrasive cleaners that are marked safe for painted surfaces to remove foreign matter.

Exterior painted surfaces are subject to aging, weather and chemical fallout that can take their toll over a period of years. To help keep the paint finish looking new, keep the vehicle garaged or covered whenever possible.

Protecting Exterior Bright Metal Parts Bright metal parts should be cleaned regularly to keep their luster. Washing with water is all that is usually needed. However, chrome polish may be used on chrome or stainless steel trim, if necessary. Use special care with aluminum trim. To avoid damaging protective trim, never use auto or chrome polish, steam or caustic soap to clean aluminum. A coating of wax, rubbed to high polish, is recommended for all bright metal parts.

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Windshield and Wiper Blades Clean the outside of the windshield with glass cleaner. Clean the rubber blades using a lint free cloth or paper towel soaked with windshield washer fluid or a mild detergent. Wash the windshield thoroughly when cleaning the blades. Bugs, road grime, sap and a buildup of vehicle wash/wax treatments may cause wiper streaking. Replace the wiper blades if they are worn or damaged. Wipers can be damaged by: . Extreme dusty conditions. . Sand and salt. . Heat and sun. . Snow and ice, without proper

removal.

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Vehicle Care

Aluminum Wheels Notice: Using strong soaps, chemicals, abrasive polishes, cleaners, brushes, or cleaners that contain acid on aluminum or chrome-plated wheels, could damage the surface of the wheel(s). The repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Use only approved cleaners on aluminum or chrome-plated wheels. Keep the wheels clean using a soft clean cloth with mild soap and water. Rinse with clean water. After rinsing thoroughly, dry with a soft clean towel. A wax may then be applied. Notice: Using chrome polish on aluminum wheels could damage the wheels. The repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Use chrome polish on chrome wheels only.

The surface of these wheels is similar to the painted surface of the vehicle. Do not use strong soaps, chemicals, abrasive polishes, abrasive cleaners, cleaners with acid, or abrasive cleaning brushes on them because they could damage the surface. Do not use chrome polish on aluminum wheels. Notice: Driving the vehicle through an automatic car wash that has silicone carbide tire cleaning brushes, could damage the aluminum or chrome-plated wheels. The repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Never drive a vehicle that has aluminum or chrome-plated wheels through an automatic car wash that uses silicone carbide tire cleaning brushes.

Tires To clean the tires, use a stiff brush with tire cleaner. Notice: Using petroleum-based tire dressing products on the vehicle may damage the paint finish and/or tires. When applying a tire dressing, always wipe off any overspray from all painted surfaces on the vehicle. Sheet Metal Damage If the vehicle is damaged and requires sheet metal repair or replacement, make sure the body repair shop applies anti-corrosion material to parts repaired or replaced to restore corrosion protection. Original manufacturer replacement parts will provide the corrosion protection while maintaining the vehicle warranty.

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Finish Damage Any stone chips, fractures or deep scratches in the finish should be repaired right away. Bare metal will corrode quickly and may develop into major repair expense. Minor chips and scratches can be repaired with touch-up materials available from your dealer. Larger areas of finish damage can be corrected in your dealer's body and paint shop. Chemicals used for ice and snow removal and dust control can collect on the underbody. If these are not removed, corrosion and rust can develop on the underbody parts such as fuel lines, frame, floor pan, and exhaust system even though they have corrosion protection.

At least every spring, flush these materials from the underbody with plain water. Clean any areas where mud and debris can collect. Dirt packed in close areas of the frame should be loosened before being flushed. Your dealer or an underbody car washing system can do this. Underbody Maintenance Chemicals used for ice and snow removal and dust control can collect on the underbody. If these are not removed, corrosion and rust can develop on the underbody parts such as fuel lines, frame, floor pan, and exhaust system even though they have corrosion protection. At least every spring, flush these materials from the underbody with plain water. Clean any areas where mud and debris can collect.

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Dirt packed in close areas of the frame should be loosened before being flushed. Your dealer or an underbody car washing system can do this. Chemical Paint Spotting Some weather and atmospheric conditions can create a chemical fallout. Airborne pollutants can fall upon and attack painted surfaces on the vehicle. This damage can take two forms: blotchy, ring-shaped discolorations, and small, irregular dark spots etched into the paint surface. Although no defect in the paint job causes this, we will repair, at no charge to the owner, the surfaces of new vehicles damaged by this fallout condition within 12 months or 20 000 km (12,000 mi) of purchase, whichever occurs first.

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Vehicle Care

Interior Care The interior will continue to look its best if it is cleaned often. Although not always visible, dust and dirt can accumulate on the upholstery. Dirt can damage carpet, fabric, leather, and plastic surfaces. Regular vacuuming is recommended to remove particles from the upholstery. It is important to keep the upholstery from becoming and remaining heavily soiled. Soils should be removed as quickly as possible. The interior may experience extremes of heat that could cause stains to set rapidly. Lighter colored interiors may require more frequent cleaning. Use care because newspapers and garments that transfer color to home furnishings may also transfer color to the interior.

When cleaning the interior, only use cleaners specifically designed for the surfaces being cleaned. Permanent damage may result from using cleaners on surfaces for which they were not intended. Use glass cleaner only on glass. Remove any accidental over-spray from other surfaces immediately. To prevent over-spray, apply cleaner directly to the cleaning cloth. Notice: Using abrasive cleaners when cleaning glass surfaces on the vehicle, could scratch the glass and/or cause damage to the rear window defogger. When cleaning the glass on the vehicle, use only a soft cloth and glass cleaner. Many cleaners contain solvents that may become concentrated in the breathing space. Before using cleaners, read and adhere to all safety instructions on the label. While cleaning the interior, maintain adequate ventilation by opening the doors and windows.

Dust may be removed from small buttons and knobs using a small brush with soft bristles. Products that remove odors from the upholstery and clean the glass can be obtained from your dealer. Do not clean the vehicle using: . A knife or any other sharp object to remove a soil from any interior surface.

. A stiff brush. It can cause

damage to the interior surfaces.

. Heavy pressure or aggressive rubbing with a cleaning cloth. Use of heavy pressure can damage the interior and does not improve the effectiveness of soil removal. Laundry detergents or dishwashing soaps with degreasers can leave residue that streaks and attracts dirt. For liquid cleaners, about 20 drops per gallon (3.78 L) of water is a good guide. Use only mild, neutral-pH soaps.

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Too much cleaner that saturates the upholstery.

. Cleaners that contain solvents

can damage the interior.

Fabric/Carpet Use a vacuum cleaner with a soft brush attachment frequently to remove dust and loose dirt. A canister vacuum with a beater bar in the nozzle may only be used on floor carpet and carpeted floor mats. For any soil, always try to remove it first with plain water or club soda. Before cleaning, gently remove as much of the soil as possible using one of the following techniques:

For liquids: gently blot the remaining soil with a paper towel. Allow the soil to absorb into the paper towel until no more can be removed. For solid dry soils: remove as much as possible and then vacuum.

To clean: 1. Saturate a lint-free, clean white

cloth with water or club soda.

2. Wring the cloth to remove

excess moisture.

3. Start on the outside edge of the

soil and gently rub toward the center. Continue cleaning, using a clean area of the cloth each time it becomes soiled.

4. Continue to gently rub the soiled

5.

area until the cleaning cloth remains clean. If the soil is not completely removed, use a mild soap solution and repeat the cleaning process that was used with plain water.

If any of the soil remains, a commercial fabric cleaner or spot lifter may be necessary. When a commercial upholstery cleaner or spot lifter is to be used, test a small hidden area for colorfastness first.

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If the locally cleaned area gives any impression that a ring formation may result, clean the entire surface. After the cleaning process has been completed, a paper towel can be used to blot excess moisture from the fabric or carpet. Instrument Panel, Vinyl and other Plastic Surfaces A soft cloth dampened with water may be used to remove dust. If a more thorough cleaning is necessary, a clean soft cloth dampened with a mild soap solution can be used to gently remove dust and dirt. Never use spot lifters or removers on plastic surfaces. Many commercial cleaners and coatings that are sold to preserve and protect soft plastic surfaces may permanently change the appearance and feel of the interior and are not recommended.

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Vehicle Care

Do not use silicone or wax-based products, or those containing organic solvents to clean the interior because they can alter the appearance by increasing the gloss in a non-uniform manner. Some commercial products may increase gloss on the instrument panel. The increase in gloss may cause annoying reflections in the windshield and even make it difficult to see through the windshield under certain conditions. Care of Safety Belts Keep belts clean and dry. { WARNING

Do not bleach or dye safety belts. It may severely weaken them. In a crash, they might not be able to provide adequate protection. Clean safety belts only with mild soap and lukewarm water.

Floor Mats

{ WARNING

If a floor mat is the wrong size or is not properly installed, it can interfere with the accelerator pedal and/or brake pedal. Interference with the pedals can cause unintended acceleration and/or increased stopping distance which can cause a crash and injury. Make sure the floor mat does not interfere with the accelerator or brake pedal.

Use the following guidelines for proper floor mat usage.

The original equipment floor mats were designed for the vehicle. If the floor mats need replacing, it is recommended that GM certified floor mats be purchased. Non-GM floor mats may not fit properly and may interfere with the accelerator or brake pedal. Always check that the floor mats do not interfere with the pedals.

. Use the floor mat with the

correct side up. Do not turn it over.

. Do not place anything on top of

the driver side floor mat.

. Use only a single floor mat on

the driver side.

. Do not place one floor mat on

top of another.

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Black plate (1,1)

Service and Maintenance

General Information

General Information . . . . . . . . . . 11-1

Scheduled Maintenance

Scheduled Maintenance . . . . . 11-2

Recommended Fluids, Lubricants, and Parts

Recommended Fluids and

Lubricants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-7

Maintenance Replacement

Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-9

Maintenance Records

Maintenance Records . . . . . . 11-10

Service and Maintenance

11-1

General Information This maintenance section applies to vehicles with a gasoline engine. For diesel engine vehicles, see the maintenance schedule section in