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N Methods For Removing Snow . . . . . . . . . . . . 404
STARTING AND OPERATING 277
N Operating Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404
N General Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405
m Recreational Towing (Behind Motorhome, Etc.) . . 406N Recreational Towing –
2-Wheel Drive Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406
N Recreational Towing –
4-Wheel Drive Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406
m Equipment Identification Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413278 STARTING AND OPERATING
STARTING PROCEDURES – GAS ENGINES Before starting your vehicle, adjust your seat, adjust both inside and outside mirrors, and fasten your seat belts. The starter should not be operated for more than 15- second intervals. Waiting a few seconds between such intervals will protect the starter from overheating.
WARNING!
Be sure to turn off the engine and remove the key from the ignition switch if you want to rest or sleep in your vehicle. Accidents can be caused by inadvert- ently moving the gear selection lever or by pressing the accelerator pedal. This may cause excessive heat in the exhaust system, resulting in overheating and vehicle fire which may cause serious or fatal injuries.
WARNING!
Do not leave children or animals inside parked vehicles in hot weather. Interior heat buildup may cause serious injury or death.
Normal Starting Normal starting of either a warm or cold engine is obtained without pumping or depressing the accelerator pedal. Turn the key to the START position and release when the engine starts. If the engine fails to start within 10 seconds, turn the key to the OFF position, wait five seconds, then repeat the starting procedure.
Automatic Transmission – If Equipped Start the engine with the shift lever in the NEUTRAL or PARK position. Apply the brake before shifting to any driving range. NOTE: This vehicle is equipped with a transmission shift interlocking system. The brake pedal must be depressed to shift out of PARK.
Tip Start Feature – Automatic Transmission Only Do not press the accelerator. Turn the ignition key briefly to START position, and release it. The starter motor will continue to run, but will automatically disengage when the engine is running.
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Ignition Key Positions Manual Transmission – If Equipped Apply the parking brake, place the shift lever in NEU- TRAL and depress the clutch pedal to the floor before starting the vehicle. This vehicle is equipped with a clutch interlocking ignition system. It will not start unless the clutch is fully depressed.
280 STARTING AND OPERATING
If Engine Fails To Start If the engine fails to start after you have followed the normal starting procedure, it may be flooded. Push the accelerator pedal all the way to the floor and hold it there while cranking the engine. This should clear any excess fuel in case the engine is flooded.
CAUTION!
To prevent damage to the starter, do not crank the engine for more than 15 seconds at a time. Wait 10 to 15 seconds before trying again.
WARNING!
Never pour fuel or other flammable liquids into the throttle body air inlet opening in an attempt to start the vehicle. This could result in a flash fire causing serious personal injury.
WARNING!
Do not attempt to push or tow your vehicle to get it started. Vehicles equipped with an automatic trans- mission cannot be started this way. Unburned fuel could enter the catalytic converter and once the engine has started, ignite and damage the converter and vehicle. If the vehicle has a discharged battery, booster cables may be used to obtain a start from a booster battery or the battery in another vehicle. This type of start can be dangerous if done improperly. Refer to “Jump Starting” in Section 6.
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If the engine has been flooded, it may start to run, but not have enough power to continue running when the key is released. If this occurs, continue cranking with the accel- erator pedal pushed all the way to the floor. Release the accelerator pedal and the key once the engine is running smoothly. If the engine shows no sign of starting after two 15- second periods of cranking with the accelerator pedal held to the floor, the normal starting procedure should be repeated. After Starting The idle speed is automatically controlled and will de- crease as the engine warms up.
282 STARTING AND OPERATING
ENGINE BLOCK HEATER — IF EQUIPPED The engine block heater warms engine coolant and permits quicker starts in cold weather. Connect the cord to a standard 110-115 volt AC electrical outlet with a grounded, three-wire extension cord. The engine block heater cord is routed under the hood on the driver side of the vehicle. It has a removable cap that is located on the driver’s side of the Integrated Power Module.
WARNING!
Remember to disconnect the cord before driving. Damage to the 110-115 volt electrical cord could cause electrocution.
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
CAUTION!
a complete stop.
Damage to the transmission may occur if the follow- ing precautions are not observed: † Shift into PARK only after the vehicle has come to † Shift into or out of REVERSE only after the vehicle has come to a complete stop and the engine is at idle speed. † Do not shift from REVERSE, PARK, or NEUTRAL into any forward gear when the engine is above idle speed. † Before shifting into any gear, make sure your foot
is firmly on the brake pedal.
WARNING!
It is dangerous to shift the shift lever out of PARK or NEUTRAL if the engine speed is higher than idle speed. If your foot is not firmly on the brake pedal, the vehicle could accelerate quickly forward or in reverse. You could lose control of the vehicle and hit someone or something. Only shift into gear when the engine is idling normally and when your right foot is firmly on the brake pedal.
Automatic Transmission with Overdrive The gear shift lever display located in the instrument panel cluster indicates the transmission gear range (the selector is illuminated for night driving). The shift lever is mounted on the right side of the steering column. You must depress the brake pedal to pull the shift lever out of PARK position (Brake Interlock System). To drive, move
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the shift lever from PARK or NEUTRAL to the desired DRIVE position. Pull the shift lever toward you when shifting into REVERSE, SECOND, FIRST or PARK, or when shifting out of PARK. Gear Ranges DO NOT race the engine when shifting from PARK or NEUTRAL position into another gear range. PARK This gear position supplements the parking brake by locking the transmission. The engine can be started in this range. Never use PARK while the vehicle is in motion. Apply the parking brake when leaving the vehicle in this range. Always apply parking brake first, then place the selector in PARK position. On 4-wheel drive vehicles be sure that the transfer case is in a drive position!
284 STARTING AND OPERATING
WARNING!
WARNING!
Never use PARK position on an automatic transmis- sion as a substitute for the parking brake. Always apply parking brake fully when parked to guard against vehicle movement and possible injury or damage.
WARNING!
Your vehicle could move and injure you and others if it is not completely in PARK. Check by trying to move the gearshift lever back and forth without first pulling it toward you after you have set it in PARK. Make sure it is in PARK before leaving the vehicle.
It is dangerous to shift the shift lever out of PARK or NEUTRAL if the engine speed is higher than idle speed. If your foot is not firmly on the brake pedal, the vehicle could accelerate quickly forward or in reverse. You could lose control of the vehicle and hit someone or something. Only shift into gear when the engine is idling normally and when your right foot is firmly on the brake pedal.
REVERSE Use this range only after the vehicle has come to a complete stop.
NEUTRAL Shift to Neutral when the vehicle is standing for pro- longed periods with the engine running. The engine may be started in this range. Set the parking brake if you must leave the vehicle. DRIVE This position provides all forward gears, including 3rd gear direct and 4th or 5th gear overdrive (see Overdrive Operation). Use this range for most city and highway driving. SECOND Use this position for driving slowly in heavy city traffic or on mountain roads where more precise speed control is desirable. Use it also when climbing long grades, and for engine braking when descending moderately steep grades. To prevent excessive engine speed do not exceed 45 mph (72 km/h) in this range.
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FIRST Use this position for driving up very steep hills and for engine braking at low speeds 20 mph (32 km/h) or less when going downhill. To prevent excessive engine speed, do not exceed 25 mph (40 km/h) in this range. NOTE: Use caution when operating a heavily loaded vehicle in SECOND or FIRST gear selections in high ambients as torque converter slip can impose significant additional heat load on the cooling system. Overdrive Operation The overdrive automatic transmission contains an elec- tronically controlled fourth and fifth (if equipped) speed (Overdrive). The transmission will automatically shift from DRIVE to Overdrive if the following conditions are present: † the transmission selector is in DRIVE;
286 STARTING AND OPERATING
perature;
† the engine coolant has reached normal operating tem- † vehicle speed is above approximately 30 mph (48
† the “TOW HAUL O/D OFF” switch has not been † transmission has reached normal operating tempera-activated;
km/h);
ture. If the vehicle is started in extremely cold tem- NOTE: peratures, the transmission may not shift into Overdrive and will automatically select the most desirable gear for operation at this temperature. Normal operation will resume when the transmission fluid temperature has risen to a suitable level. Refer also to the Note under torque converter clutch, later in this section.
If the transmission temperature gets extremely hot, the transmission will automatically select the most desirable gear for operation at this temperature. If the transmission temperature becomes hot enough the TRANS TEMP light may illuminate and the transmission may downshift out of Overdrive until the transmission cools down. After cooldown, the transmission will resume normal opera- tion. The transmission will downshift from Overdrive to Drive if the accelerator pedal is fully depressed at vehicle speeds above approximately 35 mph (56 km/h).
When To Use “TOW HAUL” and “O/D OFF” Modes
Tow Haul O/D Off Switch
When driving in hilly areas, towing a trailer, carrying a heavy load, etc., and frequent transmission shifting oc- curs, press the “TOW HAUL O/D OFF” button once to select TOW HAUL. This will improve performance and
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reduce the potential for transmission overheating or failure due to excessive shifting. When operating in “TOW HAUL” mode, 5th gear (if equipped) is disabled and 2-3 and 3-4 shift patterns are modified. Shifts into Overdrive (4th gear) are allowed during steady cruise (for improved fuel economy) and automatic closed- throttle downshifts to 3rd gear are performed (for im- proved braking) when driving conditions warrant. Press- ing the “TOW HAUL O/D OFF” button a second time to select O/D OFF will disable 4th and 5th gear completely, which should eliminate any excessive transmission shift- ing. The “TOW HAUL” or “O/D OFF” light will illuminate in the instrument cluster to indicate when the switch has been activated. Pressing the switch a third time restores normal operation. If the “TOW HAUL” or “O/D OFF” modes are desired, the button must be pressed each time the engine is started.
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Torque Converter Clutch A feature, designed to improve fuel economy, has been included in the automatic transmission on your vehicle. A clutch within the torque converter engages automati- cally at calibrated speeds. This may result in a slightly different feeling or response during normal operation in the upper gears. When the vehicle speed drops or during acceleration when the transmission downshifts to second gear, the clutch automatically disengages. NOTE: The torque converter clutch will not engage until the transmission fluid and engine coolant are warm [usually after 1-3 miles (1.6 - 4.8 km) of driving]. Because the engine speed is higher when the torque converter clutch is not engaged, it may seem as if the transmission is not shifting into Overdrive when cold. This is normal. Pressing the “TOW HAUL O/D OFF” button, when the transmission is sufficiently warm, will demonstrate that the transmission is able to shift into and out of overdrive.
If the vehicle has not been driven in several NOTE: days, the first few seconds of operation after shifting the transmission into gear may seem sluggish. This is due to the fluid partially draining from the torque converter into the transmission. This condition is normal and will not cause damage to the transmission. The torque converter will refill within five seconds of shifting from PARK into any other gear position.
MANUAL TRANSMISSION
WARNING!
You or others could be injured if you leave the vehicle unattended without having the parking brake fully applied. The parking brake should al- ways be applied when the driver is not in the vehicle, especially on an incline.
CAUTION!
Shifting — 2500/3500 Models
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Never drive with your foot resting on the clutch pedal, or attempt to hold the vehicle on a hill with the clutch pedal partially engaged, as this will cause abnormal wear on the clutch.
NOTE: During cold weather, you may experience in- creased effort in shifting until the transmission fluid warms up. This is normal.
Shift Pattern
Truck models with manual transmission are equipped with a clutch interlocking ignition system. The clutch pedal must be fully depressed to start the vehicle.
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Fully depress the clutch pedal before shifting gears. As you release the clutch pedal, lightly depress the accelera- tor pedal. 2500 and 3500 models are equipped with the G56 manual transmission. This transmission has a “creeper” 1st gear which should be used to start from a standing position when carrying a payload or towing a trailer. Damage to the clutch can result from starting in 2nd or 3rd gear with a loaded vehicle. An unloaded vehicle may be launched in 2nd gear. Use each gear in numerical order – do not skip a gear.
Recommended Vehicle Shift Speeds To utilize your manual transmission efficiently for both fuel economy and performance, it should be upshifted as listed in recommended shift speed chart. Shift at the vehicle speeds listed for acceleration. When heavily loaded or pulling a trailer these recommended up-shift speeds may not apply. Maximum Recommended Up-shift Speeds
En- gine Model L to 2
15
mph (242500/ 3500
5.7L
km/h)
2 to 3
3 to 4
4 to 5
5 to 6
25
mph (40km/h)
40
mph (64km/h)
45
mph (72km/h)
50
mph (81km/h)
Shifting — 1500 Vehicles
Shift Pattern (1500 Models)
1500 models are equipped with a G238 manual transmis- sion. This transmission has a clutch interlocking ignition system. The clutch pedal must be fully depressed to start the vehicle.
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Fully depress the clutch pedal before shifting gears. As you release the clutch pedal, lightly depress the accelera- tor pedal. You should always use 1st gear when starting from a standing position. Recommended Shift Speeds To utilize your manual transmission efficiently for both fuel economy and performance, it should be upshifted as listed in recommended shift speed chart. Shift at the vehicle speeds listed for acceleration. When heavily loaded or pulling a trailer these recommended up-shift speeds may not apply.
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Higher upshift speeds may be used to obtain a desired acceleration rate.
6 Speed Manual Transmission Shift Speed in mph
(km/h)
En- gine Model Axle
Accel- eration Rate
3.7L ALL ALL
4.7L
All ALL
ACCEL
CRUISE
ACCEL
CRUISE
1 to
15
(24) 10
(16)15
(24)2 to
24
(39) 19
(31)25
(40)3 to
34
(55) 27
(44)40
(65)4 to
47
(76) 37
(60)45
(72)5 to
56
(90) 41
(66)50
(81)Downshifting – All Manual Transmissions
Moving from a high gear down to a lower gear is recommended to preserve brakes when driving down steep hills. In addition, downshifting at the right time provides better acceleration when you desire to resume speed. Downshift progressively. Do not skip gears to avoid overspeeding the engine and clutch.
WARNING!
Do not downshift for additional engine braking on a slippery surface. The drive wheels could lose their grip and the vehicle could skid.
CAUTION!
When descending a hill, be very careful to downshift one gear at a time to prevent overspeeding the engine which can cause valve damage, and/or clutch disc damage even if the clutch pedal is depressed.
Maximum Recommended Downshift Speeds
CAUTION!
Failure to follow the recommended downshifting speeds may cause the engine to overspeed and/or damage the clutch disc even if the clutch pedal is depressed.
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Maximum Recommended Downshifting Speeds
Gear Selec- tion Maxi- mum Speed
6 to 5
5 to 4
4 to 3
3 to 2
2 to 1
85 mph
(135
km/h)75 mph
(120
km/h)55 mph
35 mph
20 mph
(88
(56
(32
km/h)
km/h)
km/h)
Reverse Shifting To shift into REVERSE (R), bring the vehicle to a com- plete stop. Depress the clutch and pause briefly to allow the gear train to stop rotating. Beginning from the NEUTRAL (N) position, move the shift lever in one quick smooth motion straight across and into the REVERSE (R) area (the driver will feel a firm “click” as the shifter passes the “knock-over”). Complete the shift by pulling the shift lever into REVERSE (R).
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The “knock-over” prevents the driver from accidentally entering the REVERSE (R) shift area and warns the driver that they are about to shift the transmission into RE- VERSE (R). Due to this feature, a slow shift to REVERSE (R) can be perceived as a high shift effort. On 2500/3500 models, when shifting out of reverse bring the vehicle to a complete stop and depress the clutch. Shifting out of reverse prior to a complete stop may cause high shift effort.
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE OPERATION — IF EQUIPPED Four-wheel drive trucks are equipped with either a manually shifted transfer case or an electronically shifted transfer case. Refer to the operating instructions for your transfer case, located in this section.
Manually Shifted Transfer Case Operating Information/Precautions The transfer case provides 4 mode positions - 2 (rear)- wheel drive high range, 4-wheel drive high range, neu- tral, and 4-wheel drive low range. This transfer case is intended to be driven in the 2-wheel drive position (2H) for normal street and highway con- ditions such as dry, hard surfaced roads. When additional traction is required, the transfer case 4H and 4L positions can be used to lock the front and rear driveshafts together and force the front and rear wheels to rotate at the same speed. This is accomplished by simply moving the shift lever to the desired positions. The 4H and 4L positions are intended for loose, slippery road surfaces only. Driving in the 4H and 4L positions on dry, hard surfaced roads may cause increased tire wear and damage to the driveline components.
The 4-wheel drive light (4WD), located in the instrument cluster, alerts the driver that the vehicle is in 4-wheel drive and that the front and rear driveshafts are locked together. This light illuminates when the transfer case is shifted to either the 4H or 4L positions. There is no light for the 2H or NEUTRAL positions. When operating your vehicle in 4L, the engine speed is approximately three times that of the 2H or 4H positions at a given road speed. Take care not to overspeed the engine and do not exceed 25 mph (40 km/h). Proper operation of 4-wheel drive vehicles depends on tires of equal size, type and circumference on each wheel. Any difference will adversely affect shifting and can cause damage to the transfer case.
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NOTE: Do not attempt to make a shift while only the front or rear wheels are spinning. The transfer case is not equipped with a synchronizer and therefore the front and rear driveshaft speeds must be equal for the shift to take place. Shifting while only the front or rear wheels are spinning can cause damage to the transfer case. Because 4-wheel drive provides improved traction, there is a tendency to exceed safe turning and stopping speeds. Do not go faster than road conditions permit. NOTE: Delayed shifts out of four-wheel drive may be experienced due to uneven tire wear, low or uneven tire pressures, excessive vehicle loading, or cold tempera- tures.
296 STARTING AND OPERATING
WARNING!
You or others could be injured if you leave the vehicle unattended with the transfer case in the NEUTRAL position without first fully engaging the parking brake. The transfer case NEUTRAL position disengages both the front and rear driveshafts from the powertrain and will allow the vehicle to move regardless of the transmission position. The parking brake should always be applied when the driver is not in the vehicle.
For additional information on the appropriate use of each transfer case mode position see the information below: 2H Rear Wheel Drive High Range - Normal street and highway driving. Dry hard surfaced roads.
4H 4-Wheel Drive High Range - Locks the front and rear driveshafts together. Forces the front and rear wheels to rotate at the same speed. Additional traction for loose, slippery road surfaces only. NEUTRAL - Disengages both the front and rear drive- shafts from the powertrain. To be used for flat towing behind another vehicle. See Recreational Towing for more information. 4L 4-Wheel Drive Low Range - Low speed 4-wheel drive. Locks the front and rear driveshafts together. Forces the front and rear wheels to rotate at the same speed. Additional traction and maximum pulling power for loose, slippery road surfaces only. Do not exceed 25 mph (40 km/h).
Shifting Procedure - Manually Shifted Transfer Case
Manual Transfer Case Shifter
2H , 4H Shifting between 2H and 4H can be made with the vehicle stopped or in motion. If the vehicle is in motion, shifts can be made up to 55 mph (88 km/h). With the
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vehicle in motion, the transfer case will engage/ disengage faster if you momentarily release the accelera- tor pedal after completing the shift. Apply a constant force when shifting the transfer case lever. 2H or 4H , 4L With the vehicle rolling at 2 to 3 mph (3 to 5 km/h), shift an automatic transmission to NEUTRAL or depress the clutch on a manual transmission. While the vehicle is coasting at 2 to 3 mph (3 to 5 km/h), shift the transfer case lever firmly to the desired position. Do not pause in transfer case NEUTRAL. NOTE: Pausing in transfer case NEUTRAL in vehicles equipped with an automatic transmission may require shutting the engine OFF to avoid gear clash while completing the shift. If difficulty occurs, shift automatic transmission to NEUTRAL, hold foot on brake, and turn engine OFF. Make shift to the desired mode.
298 STARTING AND OPERATING
NOTE: Shifting into or out of 4L is possible with the vehicle completely stopped, however difficulty may oc- cur due to the mating clutch teeth not being properly aligned. Several attempts may be required for clutch teeth alignment and shift completion to occur. The pre- ferred method is with the vehicle rolling 2 to 3 mph (3 to 5 km/h). Avoid attempting to engage or disengage 4L with the vehicle moving faster than 2 to 3 mph (3 to 5
km/h). NOTE: Do not attempt to shift to or from 4L while the transmission is in gear or clutch is engaged. Transfer Case Reminder Light The 4-wheel drive operating light (4WD), located in the instrument cluster, is used to alert the driver that the front axle is fully engaged and all four wheels are driving.Electronically Shifted Transfer Case Operating Information/Precautions (5 Position Switch) — If Equipped
5 Position Switch
This is an electric shift transfer case and is operated by the 4WD Control Switch (Transfer Case Switch), which is located on the instrument panel.
This Electronically Shifted transfer case provides 5 mode positions: 2-wheel drive (2WD), 4WD AUTO, 4WD LOCK, NEUTRAL and 4WD LOW. The Electronically Shifted transfer case is designed to be driven in the 2 wheel drive position (2WD) or 4-wheel drive position (4WD AUTO) for normal street and high- way conditions (dry hard surfaced roads). Driving the vehicle in 2WD will have greater fuel economy benefits, as the front axle is not engaged in 2WD. For variable driving conditions the 4WD AUTO mode can be used. In this mode the front axle is engaged, but the vehicle’s power is sent to the rear wheels. 4-wheel drive will be automatically engaged when the vehicle senses a loss of traction. Because the front axle is en- gaged, this mode will result in lower fuel economy than the 2WD mode.
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When additional traction is required, the transfer case 4WD LOCK and 4WD LOW positions can be used to lock the front and rear driveshafts together and force the front and rear wheels to rotate at the same speed. This is accomplished by rotating the 4WD Control Switch to the desired position - see Shifting Procedure section for specific shifting instructions. The 4WD LOCK and 4WD LOW positions are designed for loose, slippery road surfaces only. Driving in the 4WD LOCK and 4WD LOW positions on dry hard surfaced roads may cause in- creased tire wear and damage to the driveline compo- nents.
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NEUTRAL Button
NOTE: The transfer case NEUTRAL position is selected by depressing the recessed button located on the lower left hand corner of the 4WD Control Switch. The transfer case NEUTRAL position is to be used for recreational towing only. See the Recreational Towing section for specific procedures on shifting into and out of NEUTRAL.
Transfer Case Position Indicator Lights — Electronically Shifted Transfer Case Only Transfer case position indicator lights are located on the instrument cluster and indicate the current and desired transfer case selection. When you select a different trans- fer case position, the indicator lights will do the follow- ing: If All Shift Conditions are Met 1. The current position indicator light will turn OFF. 2. The selected position indicator light will flash until the transfer case completes the shift. 3. When the shift is complete, the indicator light for the selected position will stop flashing and remain ON.
If One or More Shift Conditions are not Met 1. The indicator light for the current position will remain ON. 2. The newly selected position indicator light will con- tinue to flash. 3. The transfer case will not shift. NOTE: Before retrying a selection, make certain that all the necessary requirements for selecting a new transfer case position have been met. To retry the selection, turn the control knob back to the current position, wait five seconds, and retry selection. To find the shift require- ments, refer to the 9Shifting Procedure9 for your transfer case, located in this section of the owner’s manual. The “SERVICE 4WD” warning light monitors the electric shift 4WD system. If this light remains on after engine
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start up or illuminates during driving, it means that the 4WD system is not functioning properly and that service is required.
WARNING!
Always engage the parking brake when powering down the vehicle if the (Service 4WD( light is illu- minated. Not engaging the parking brake may allow the vehicle to roll which may cause personal injury.
NOTE: Do not attempt to make a shift while only the front or rear wheels are spinning. This could cause damage to driveline components.
302 STARTING AND OPERATING
When operating your vehicle in 4WD LO, the engine speed is approximately three times that of the 2WD, 4WD AUTO or 4WD HI positions at a given road speed. Take care not to overspeed the engine and do not exceed 25
mph (40 km/h). Proper operation of 4-wheel drive vehicles depends on tires of equal size, type and circumference on each wheel. Any difference in tire size can cause damage to the transfer case. Because 4-wheel drive provides improved traction, there is a tendency to exceed safe turning and stopping speeds. Do not go faster than road conditions permit.WARNING!
You or others could be injured if you leave the vehicle unattended with the transfer case in the NEUTRAL position without first fully engaging the parking brake. The transfer case NEUTRAL position disengages both the front and rear driveshafts from the powertrain and will allow the vehicle to move regardless of the transmission position. The parking brake should always be applied when the driver is not in the vehicle.
For additional information on the appropriate use of each transfer case mode position see the information below: 2WD Rear-Wheel Drive High Range - Normal street and highway driving. Dry hard surfaced roads. 4WD AUTO Automatic 4–wheel drive sends power to the rear wheels. 4–wheel drive will be automatically engaged when the vehicle senses a loss of traction. Additional traction for varying road conditions. 4WD LOCK 4-Wheel Drive Lock Range - Locks the front and rear driveshafts together. Forces the front and rear wheels to rotate at the same speed. Additional traction for loose, slippery road surfaces only.
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4WD LOW 4-Wheel Drive Low Range - Low speed 4-wheel drive. Locks the front and rear driveshafts together. Forces the front and rear wheels to rotate at the same speed. Additional traction and maximum pulling power for loose, slippery road surfaces only. Do not exceed 25 mph (40 km/h). NEUTRAL - Disengages both the front and rear drive- shafts from the powertrain. To be used for flat towing behind another vehicle. See Recreational Towing for more information.
304 STARTING AND OPERATING
Shifting Procedure — Electronically Shifted Transfer Case
5 Position Switch
If any of the requirements to select a new NOTE: transfer case position have not been met, the transfer case will not shift. The indicator light for the previous position will remain ON and the newly selected position indicator
light will continue to flash until all the requirements for the selected position have been met. To retry a shift: return the control knob back to the original position, make certain all shift requirements have been met, wait five (5) seconds and try the shift again. If all the requirements to select a new transfer NOTE: case position have been met, the current position indica- tor light will turn OFF, the selected position indicator light will flash until the transfer case completes the shift. When the shift is complete, the indicator light for the selected position will stop flashing and remain ON. 2WD , 4WD AUTO or 4WD LOCK Rotate the 4WD Control Switch to the desired position. Shifts between 2WD and 4WD AUTO and 4WD LOCK can be done with the vehicle stopped or in motion. With the vehicle in motion, the transfer case will engage/ disengage faster if you momentarily release the accelera- tor pedal after turning the control switch. If the vehicle is
stopped, the ignition key must be in the ON position with the engine either RUNNING or OFF. This shift cannot be completed if the key is in the accessory position. 2WD or 4 AUTO or 4 LOCK , 4WD LOW NOTE: When shifting into or out of 4WD LOW some gear noise may be heard. This noise is normal and is not detrimental to the vehicle or occupants. Shifting can be performed with the vehicle rolling 2 to 3
mph (3 to 5 km/h) or completely stopped. USE EITHER OF THE FOLLOWING PROCEDURES: Preferred Procedure 1. With engine RUNNING, slow vehicle to 2 to 3 mph (3
to 5 km/h). 2. Shift the transmission into NEUTRAL (depress clutch on manual transmissions).STARTING AND OPERATING 305
3. While still rolling, rotate the transfer case control switch to the desired position. 4. After the desired position indicator light is ON (not flashing), shift transmission back into gear (release clutch on manual transmissions). Alternate Procedure 1. Bring the vehicle to complete stop. 2. With the key ON and the engine either OFF or RUNNING, shift the transmission into NEUTRAL (de- press clutch on manual transmissions). 3. Rotate the transfer case control switch to the desired position.
306 STARTING AND OPERATING
4. After the desired position indicator light is ON (not flashing), shift transmission back into gear (release clutch on manual transmissions). If steps 1 or 2 of either the Preferred or Alternate NOTE: Procedure are not satisfied prior to attempting the shift or if they no longer are being met while the shift attempt is in process then the desired position indicator light will flash continuously while the original position indicator light is ON, until all requirements have been met. NOTE: The ignition key must be ON for a shift to take place and for the position indicator lights to be operable. If the key is not ON then the shift will not take place and no position indicator lights will be on or flashing. NOTE: than 21 days, refer to the section on “Vehicle Storage.”
If your are leaving your vehicle stored for longer
Electronically Shifted Transfer Case Operating Information/Precautions (4 Position Switch) — If Equipped
Transfer Case Switch
This is an electric shift transfer case and is operated by the 4WD Control Switch (Transfer Case Switch), which is located on the instrument panel.
This Electronically Shifted transfer case provides four mode positions: 2 (rear)-wheel drive high range, 4-wheel drive lock range, 4-wheel drive low range, and NEUTRAL. The Electronically Shifted transfer case is designed to be driven in the 2-wheel drive position (2WD) for normal street and highway conditions (dry, hard surfaced roads). When additional traction is required, the transfer case 4WD LOCK and 4WD LOW positions can be used to lock the front and rear driveshafts together and force the front and rear wheels to rotate at the same speed. This is accomplished by rotating the 4WD Control Switch to the desired position - see Shifting Procedure section for specific shifting instructions. The 4WD LOCK and 4WD LOW positions are designed for loose, slippery road surfaces only. Driving in the 4WD LOCK and 4WD LOW positions on dry hard surfaced roads may cause in- creased tire wear and damage to the driveline compo- nents.
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NOTE: The transfer case NEUTRAL position is selected by depressing the recessed button located on the lower left hand corner of the 4WD Control Switch. The transfer case NEUTRAL position is to be used for recreational towing only. Refer to “Recreational Towing” in this section.
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Transfer Case Position Indicator Lights — Electronically Shifted Transfer Case Only Transfer case position indicator lights are located in the instrument cluster and indicate the current and desired transfer case selection. When you select a different trans- fer case position, the indicator lights will do the follow- ing: If All Shift Conditions Are Met: 1. The current position indicator light will turn OFF. 2. The selected position indicator light will flash until the transfer case completes the shift. 3. When the shift is complete, the indicator light for the selected position will stop flashing and remain ON. If One or More Shift Conditions Are Not Met: 1. The indicator light for the current position will remain ON.
2. The newly selected position indicator light will con- tinue to flash. 3. The transfer case will not shift. NOTE: Before retrying a selection, make certain that all the necessary requirements for selecting a new transfer case position have been met. To retry the selection, turn the control knob back to the current position, wait five seconds, and retry selection. To find the shift require- ments, refer to the 9Shifting Procedure9 for your transfer case, located in this section of the owner’s manual. The “SERVICE 4WD” warning light monitors the electric shift 4WD system. If this light remains on after engine start up or illuminates during driving, it means that the 4WD system is not functioning properly and that service is required.
WARNING!
Always engage the parking brake when powering down the vehicle if the (SERVICE 4WD( light is illuminated. Not engaging the parking brake may allow the vehicle to roll, which may cause personal injury.
NOTE: Do not attempt to make a shift while only the front or rear wheels are spinning, as this can cause damage to driveline components.
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When operating your vehicle in 4WD LOW, the engine speed is approximately three times that of the 2WD or 4WD LOCK positions at a given road speed. Take care not to overspeed the engine and do not exceed 25 mph (40 km/h). Proper operation of 4-wheel drive vehicles depends on tires of equal size, type and circumference on each wheel. Any difference in tire size can cause damage to the transfer case. Because 4-wheel drive provides improved traction, there is a tendency to exceed safe turning and stopping speeds. Do not go faster than road conditions permit.
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WARNING!
You or others could be injured if you leave the vehicle unattended with the transfer case in the NEUTRAL position without first fully engaging the parking brake. The transfer case NEUTRAL position disengages both the front and rear driveshafts from the powertrain and will allow the vehicle to move regardless of the transmission position. The parking brake should always be applied when the driver is not in the vehicle.
For additional information on the appropriate use of each transfer case mode position see the information below: 2WD Rear Wheel Drive High Range - Normal street and highway driving. Dry, hard surfaced roads.
4WD LOCK 4-Wheel Drive Lock Range - Locks the front and rear driveshafts together. Forces the front and rear wheels to rotate at the same speed. Additional traction for loose, slippery road surfaces only. 4WD LOW 4-Wheel Drive Low Range - Low speed 4-wheel drive. Locks the front and rear driveshafts together. Forces the front and rear wheels to rotate at the same speed. Additional traction and maximum pulling power for loose, slippery road surfaces only. Do not exceed 25 mph (40 km/h). Neutral - Disengages both the front and rear driveshafts from the powertrain. To be used for flat towing behind another vehicle. See Recreational Towing for more infor- mation.
Shifting Procedure — Electronically Shifted Transfer Case
Transfer Case Switch
If any of the requirements to select a new NOTE: transfer case position have not been met, the transfer case will not shift. The indicator light for the previous position will remain ON and the newly selected position indicator
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light will continue to flash until all the requirements for the selected position have been met. To retry a shift: return the control knob back to the original position, make certain all shift requirements have been met, wait five seconds and try the shift again. If all the requirements to select a new transfer NOTE: case position have been met, the current position indica- tor light will turn OFF, the selected position indicator light will flash until the transfer case completes the shift. When the shift is complete, the indicator light for the selected position will stop flashing and remain ON. 2WD, 4WD LOCK Rotate the 4WD control switch to the desired position. Shifts between 2WD and 4WD LOCK can be done with the vehicle stopped or in motion. With the vehicle in motion, the transfer case will engage/disengage faster if you momentarily release the accelerator pedal after turn- ing the control switch. If the vehicle is stopped, the
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ignition key must be in the ON position with the engine either running or off. This shift cannot be completed if the key is in the ACC position. NOTE: The 4x4 system will not allow shifts between 2WD/4WD LOCK if the front and/or rear wheels are spinning (no traction). In this situation the selected position indicator light will flash and the original posi- tion indicator light will remain ON. At this time, reduce speed and stop spinning the wheels to complete the shift. 2WD or 4WD LOCK, 4WD LOW NOTE: When shifting into or out of 4WD LOW some gear noise may be heard. This noise is normal and is not detrimental to the vehicle or occupants.
Shifting can be performed with the vehicle rolling 2 to 3
mph (3 to 5 km/h) or completely stopped. USE EITHER OF THE FOLLOWING PROCEDURES: Preferred Procedure 1. With engine running, slow vehicle to 2 to 3 mph (3 to 5 km/h). 2. Shift the transmission into NEUTRAL (depress clutch on manual transmissions). 3. While still rolling, rotate the transfer case control switch to the desired position. 4. After the desired position indicator light is ON (not flashing), shift transmission back into gear (release clutch on manual transmissions).Alternate Procedure 1. Bring the vehicle to complete stop. 2. With the key ON and the engine either OFF or running, shift the transmission into NEUTRAL (depress clutch on manual transmissions). 3. Rotate the transfer case control switch to the desired position. 4. After the desired position indicator light is ON (not flashing), shift transmission back into gear (release clutch on manual transmissions). If steps 1 or 2 of either the Preferred or Alternate NOTE: Procedure are not satisfied prior to attempting the shift then the desired position indicator light will flash con- tinuously while the original position indicator light is ON, until all requirements have been met.
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NOTE: The ignition key must be ON for a shift to take place and for the position indicator lights to be operable. If the key is not ON then the shift will not take place and no position indicator lights will be on or flashing. NOTE: than 21 days, refer to the section on “Vehicle Storage.”
If your are leaving your vehicle stored for longer
LIMITED-SLIP DIFFERENTIAL – IF EQUIPPED The limited-slip differential provides additional traction on snow, ice, mud, sand and gravel, particularly when there is a difference between the traction characteristics of the surface under the right and left rear wheels. During normal driving and cornering, the limited-slip unit per- forms similarly to a conventional differential. On slip- pery surfaces, however, the differential delivers more of the driving effort to the rear wheel having the better traction. The limited-slip differential is especially helpful during slippery driving conditions. With both rear wheels on a
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slippery surface, a slight application of the accelerator will supply maximum traction. When starting with only one rear wheel on an excessively slippery surface, slight momentary application of the parking brake may be necessary to gain maximum traction.
WARNING!
On vehicles equipped with a limited-slip differen- tial, never run the engine with one rear wheel off the ground, since the vehicle may drive through the rear wheel remaining on the ground. You could lose control of the vehicle.
Care should be taken to avoid sudden accelerations when both rear wheels are on a slippery surface. This could cause both rear wheels to spin, and allow the vehicle to slide sideways on the crowned surface of a road or in a turn.
DRIVING ON SLIPPERY SURFACES When driving on wet or slushy roads, it is possible for a wedge of water to build up between the tire and road surface. This is known as hydroplaning and may cause partial or complete loss of vehicle control and stopping ability. To reduce this possibility, the following precau- tions should be observed: 1. Slow down during rainstorms or when roads are slushy. 2. Slow down if road has standing water or puddles. 3. Replace tires when tread wear indicators first become visible. 4. Keep tires properly inflated. 5. Maintain sufficient distance between your vehicle and the car in front to avoid a collision in a sudden stop.
DRIVING THROUGH WATER Driving through water more than a few inches/ centimeters deep will require extra caution to ensure safety and prevent damage to your vehicle. Flowing/Rising Water
WARNING!
Do not drive on, or cross, a road or a path where water is flowing and/or rising (as in storm run-off). Flowing water can wear away the road or path’s surface and cause your vehicle to sink into deeper water. Furthermore, flowing and/or rising water can carry your vehicle away swiftly. Failure to follow this warning may result in injuries that are serious or fatal to you, your passengers, and others around you.
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Shallow Standing Water Although your vehicle is capable of driving through shallow standing water, consider the following Caution and Warning before doing so.
CAUTION!
† Always check the depth of the standing water before driving through it. Never drive through standing water that is deeper than the bottom of the tire rims mounted on the vehicle. † Determine the condition of the road or the path that is under water, and if there are any obstacles in the way, before driving through the standing water. † Do not exceed 5 mph (8 km/h) when driving through standing water. This will minimize wave effects.
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CAUTION!
† Driving through standing water may cause dam- age to your vehicle’s drivetrain components. Al- ways inspect your vehicle’s fluids (i.e., engine oil, transmission, axle, etc.) for signs of contamination (i.e., fluid that is milky or foamy in appearance) after driving through standing water. Do not con- tinue to operate the vehicle if any fluid appears contaminated, as this may result in further dam- age. Such damage is not covered by the New Vehicle Limited Warranty. † Getting water inside your vehicle’s engine can cause it to lock up and stall out, and cause serious internal damage to the engine. Such damage is not covered by the New Vehicle Limited Warranty.
WARNING!
† Driving through standing water limits your vehi- cle’s traction capabilities. Do not exceed 5 mph (8
km/h) when driving through standing water. † Driving through standing water limits your vehi- cle’s braking capabilities, which increases stop- ping distances. Therefore, after driving through standing water, drive slowly and lightly press on the brake pedal several times to dry the brakes. † Getting water inside your vehicle’s engine can cause it to lock up and stall out, and leave you stranded. † Failure to follow these warnings may result in injuries that are serious or fatal to you, your passengers, and others around you.DRIVING OFF-ROAD Care should be taken when attempting to climb steep hills or driving diagonally across a hill or slope. If natural obstacles force you to travel diagonally up or down a hill, choose a mild angle and keep as little side tilt as possible. Keep the vehicle moving and make turns slowly and cautiously. If you must back down a hill, back straight down using REVERSE gear. Never back down in NEUTRAL, or diagonally across the hill. When driving over sand, mud, and other soft terrain, shift to low gear and drive steadily. Apply the accelerator slowly to avoid spinning the wheels. DO NOT REDUCE the tire pressures for this type of driving.
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NOTE: After off-road usage, particularly in sand or mud, inspect the underside of the vehicle for accumu- lated dirt at the propeller shaft, axles, U-joints, brake rotors and calipers. Use a hose to clean off any accumulation of dirt or mud. Check the exhaust system and all exposed components for any sign of damage. If you experience unusual vibration after driving in mud, slush or similar conditions, check the wheels for im- pacted material. Impacted foreign material can cause a wheel imbalance. Removing the foreign material from the wheels will correct the situation.
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PARKING BRAKE The foot-operated parking brake is positioned below the lower left corner of the instrument panel. To release the parking brake, pull the parking brake release handle. NOTE: The instrument cluster red brake warning light will come on and flash to indicate that the parking brake is applied. You must be sure that the parking brake is fully applied before leaving the vehicle.
Parking Brake Release
Be sure the parking brake is firmly set when parked and the shift lever is in the PARK position. When parking on a hill you should apply the parking brake before placing the shift lever in PARK, otherwise the load on the transmission locking mechanism may make it difficult to move the shift lever out of PARK.
WARNING!
† Always fully apply the parking brake when leaving your vehicle, or it may roll and cause damage or injury. Also be certain to leave an automatic trans- mission in PARK, a manual transmission in RE- VERSE or FIRST gear. Failure to do so may allow the vehicle to roll and cause damage or injury. † Never leave children alone in a vehicle. Leaving unattended children in a vehicle is dangerous for a number of reasons. A child or others could be seriously or fatally injured. Don’t leave the key in the ignition. A child could operate power win- dows, other controls, or move the vehicle. † Be sure the parking brake is fully disengaged before driving, failure to do so can lead to brake problems due to excessive heating of the rear brakes.
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When parking on a hill, turn the front wheels toward the curb on a downhill grade and away from the curb on an uphill grade. The parking brake should always be applied whenever the driver is not in the vehicle.
BRAKE SYSTEM If power assist is lost for any reason (for example, repeated brake applications with the engine off), the brakes will still function. However, you will experience a substantial increase in braking effort to stop the vehicle. If either the front or rear hydraulic system loses normal braking capability, the remaining system will still func- tion with some loss of overall braking effectiveness. This will be evident by increased pedal travel during applica- tion, greater pedal force required to slow or stop, and activation of the BRAKE warning lamp and the ABS lamp (if equipped) during brake use.
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3500 Dual Rear Wheel Models Only The brake system power assist is provided by a hydro- boost unit which shares fluid with the power steering system. You may experience some clicking or hissing noises from the hydro-boost system during hard braking conditions. NOTE: Under cold temperatures, pedal effort will be higher than normal until the power steering fluid reaches operating temperature. Brake Noise During normal operation of the brake system certain noises may be present from time to time. Occasional 9groan9 or 9squeal9 noises may occur during normal operation of the brake system which may not be indica- tive of a problem. These noises may be heard at any time the brakes are applied but may be more noticeable during the first few brake applications in the morning. Moisture, hot or cold temperature, dust, and or other debris may
also contribute to the noise condition. Repeated or con- tinuous noises during braking may be an indication that the brake linings are worn and in need of replacement. Rear Wheel Anti-Lock (RWAL) Brake System — If Equipped The Rear-Wheel Anti-Lock Brake System provides in- creased vehicle stability and brake performance under most braking conditions. The system automatically con- trols the operation of the rear brakes to prevent rear wheel lockup. The system remains operational in the four-wheel drive mode. The level of performance is reduced when the front brakes are locked up. This may cause the rear brakes to lock up through the drivetrain, which may reduce the effectiveness of the Anti-Lock Brake System. During severe braking conditions, particularly with changing road surfaces, such as ice to concrete, a slight drop or minor pulsation may be felt in the brake pedal.
WARNING!
Both Rear-Wheel and Four-Wheel Anti-Lock Brake Systems contain sophisticated electronic equipment. It may be susceptible to interference caused by improperly installed or high output radio transmit- ting equipment. This interference can cause possible loss of anti-lock braking capability. Installation of such equipment should be performed by qualified professionals.
Four-Wheel Anti-Lock Brake System — If Equipped This Four-Wheel Anti-lock Brake System (ABS) is de- signed to aid the driver in maintaining vehicle control under adverse braking conditions. The system operates
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with a separate computer to modulate hydraulic pressure to prevent wheel lockup and help avoid skidding on slippery surfaces. The system’s pump motor runs during an ABS stop to provide regulated hydraulic pressure. The pump motor makes a low humming noise during operation. This is normal. The ABS conducts a low-speed selftest at about 10 mph (16 km/h). If you have your foot lightly on the brake while this test is occurring, you may feel slight pedal movement. The movement can be more apparent on ice and snow. This is normal. The ABS pump motor runs during the self-test at 10 mph (16 km/h) and during an ABS stop. The pump motor makes a low humming noise during operation. This is normal.
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When you are in a severe braking condition involving use of the ABS, you will experience some pedal drop as the vehicle comes to a complete stop. This is the result of the system reverting to the base brake system and is normal. Engagement of the ABS may be accompanied by a pulsing sensation. You may also hear a clicking noise. These occurrences are normal, and indicate that the system is functioning. ABS Warning Light The ABS includes an amber warning light. When the light is illuminated, the ABS is not functioning. The system reverts to standard, non-anti-lock brakes.
WARNING!
Pumping of the anti-lock brakes will diminish their effectiveness and may lead to an accident. Pumping makes the stopping distance longer. Just press firmly on your brake pedal when you need to slow down or stop.
WARNING!
† The Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) cannot prevent the natural laws of physics from acting on the vehicle, nor can it increase braking or steering efficiency beyond that afforded by the condition of the vehicle brakes and tires or the traction afforded.
† The ABS cannot prevent accidents,
including those resulting from excessive speed in turns, following another vehicle too closely, or hydro- planing. Only a safe, attentive, and skillful driver can prevent accidents. † The capabilities of an ABS-equipped vehicle must never be exploited in a reckless or dangerous manner which could jeopardize the user’s safety or the safety of others.
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POWER STEERING The standard power steering system will give you good vehicle response and increased ease of maneuverability in tight spaces. The system will provide mechanical steering capability if power assist is lost. If for some reason the power assist is interrupted, it will still be possible to steer your vehicle. Under these condi- tions you will observe a substantial increase in steering effort, especially at very low vehicle speeds and during parking maneuvers. Increased noise levels at the end of the steering NOTE: wheel travel are considered normal and does not indicate that there is a problem with the power steering system. Upon initial start-up in cold weather, the power steering pump may make noise for a short period of time. This is due to the cold, thick fluid in the steering system. This noise should be considered normal, and does not in any way damage the steering system.
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WARNING!
Continued operation with reduced power steering assist could pose a safety risk to yourself and others. Service should be obtained as soon as possible.
CAUTION!
Prolonged operation of the steering system at the end of the steering wheel travel will increase the steering fluid temperature and should be avoided when pos- sible. Damage to the power steering pump may occur.
ELECTRONIC BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEM (ABS/TCS/BAS/HSA/ERM/ESP/TSC) — IF EQUIPPED Your vehicle is equipped with an advanced electronic brake control system that includes Anti-Lock Brake Sys- tem (ABS), Traction Control System (TCS), Brake Assist System (BAS), HSA (Hill Start Assist), Electronic Roll Mitigation (ERM), Electronic Stability Program (ESP) and Trailer Sway Control (TSC). All six systems work to- gether to enhance vehicle stability and control in various driving conditions, and are commonly referred to as ESP.
ABS (Anti-Lock Brake System)
This ABS system aids the driver in maintaining vehicle control under adverse braking conditions. The system controls hydraulic brake pressure to prevent wheel lockup and help avoid skidding on slippery surfaces during braking. For more information about ABS, refer to “Anti-Lock Brake System” under “Brake System” in Section 5 of this manual. NOTE: ABS improves steering control of the vehicle during hard braking maneuvers.
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WARNING!
† ABS cannot prevent the natural laws of physics from acting on the vehicle, nor can it increase braking or steering efficiency beyond that af- forded by the condition of the vehicle brakes and tires or the traction afforded.
† The ABS cannot prevent accidents,
including those resulting from excessive speed in turns, following another vehicle too closely, or hydro- planing. Only a safe, attentive, and skillful driver can prevent accidents. † The capabilities of an ABS-equipped vehicle must never be exploited in a reckless or dangerous manner which could jeopardize the user’s safety or the safety of others.
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Traction Control System (TCS)
BAS (Brake Assist System)
The TCS system monitors the amount of wheel spin of each of the driven wheels. If wheel spin is detected, brake pressure is applied to the slipping wheel(s), and engine power is reduced to provide enhanced acceleration and stability. A feature of the TCS system functions similar to a limited-slip differential and controls the wheel spin across a driven axle. If one wheel on a driven axle is spinning faster than the other, the system will apply the brake of the spinning wheel. This will allow more engine torque to be applied to the wheel that is not spinning. This feature remains active even if TCS and ESP are in the “Partial Off” mode. Refer to “ESP (Electronic Stability Program)” in this Section of this manual. This brake pressure modulation transfers drive torque from slipping to non-slipping wheels to provide optimal forward trac- tion.
ESP OFF Button Location
The BAS is designed to optimize the vehicle’s braking capability during emergency braking maneuvers. The BAS system detects an emergency braking situation by sensing the rate and amount of brake application and then applies optimum pressure to the brakes. The system
applies optimum pressure to the brakes in emergency braking conditions. This can help reduce braking dis- tances. The BAS complements the ABS. Applying the brakes very quickly results in the best BAS assistance. To receive the benefit of BAS, you must apply continuous braking pressure during the stopping sequence. Do not reduce brake pedal pressure unless braking is no longer desired. Once the brake pedal is released, the BAS is deactivated.
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WARNING!
† BAS cannot prevent the natural laws of physics from acting on the vehicle, nor can it increase braking efficiency beyond that afforded by the condition of the vehicle brakes and tires or the traction afforded.
† The BAS cannot prevent accidents,
including those resulting from excessive speed in turns, following another vehicle too closely, or hydro- planing. Only a safe, attentive, and skillful driver can prevent accidents. † The capabilities of a BAS-equipped vehicle must never be exploited in a reckless or dangerous manner which could jeopardize the user’s safety or the safety of others.
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HSA (Hill Start Assist) The HSA system is designed to assist the driver in launching a vehicle on an incline. HSA will maintain the level of brake pressure the driver inputs for a short duration once the driver takes his foot off of the brake pedal. If the driver does not apply the throttle during this short duration, the system will release brake pressure and the vehicle will roll down the incline. The system will release brake pressure in proportion to the amount of throttle applied. During operation, Hill Start Assist will activate the brake control system and a clicking noise will occur. If your foot is on the brake pedal during operation you may feel a slight pedal movement. The clicking and pedal move- ment is normal and both will stop when HSA becomes inactive.
WARNING!
If the clutch pedal (manual vehicles only) remains depressed during the application of the throttle, the HSA will disengage allowing the vehicle to roll down the incline. This could cause a collision with another vehicle or object. To avoid this, do not apply throttle while depressing the clutch pedal until you are ready to release the clutch. Always remember the driver is responsible for braking the vehicle.
HSA Activation Criteria The following criteria must be met in order for HSA to activate: † Vehicle must be stopped † Vehicle must be on a 7% or greater incline
† Gear selection matches vehicle uphill direction (i.e., vehicle facing uphill is in forward gear; vehicle back- ing uphill is in REVERSE gear).
WARNING!
There may be situations on minor hills (i.e., less than 7%), with a loaded vehicle, or while pulling a trailer where the system will not activate and slight rolling may occur, which could cause a collision with an- other vehicle or object. Always remember the driver is responsible for braking the vehicle.
The system will only work if the intended direction of the vehicle and vehicle gear match. For example, if the intended direction is forward up a hill and the vehicle is in drive (automatic equipped vehicle), and the activation criteria are met, HSA will activate.
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HSA on Automatic Vehicles The system will work in REVERSE and all forward gears on vehicles equipped with an automatic transmission. The system will not activate if the vehicle is placed in neutral. HSA on Manual Vehicles The system will work in REVERSE, forward gears, and NEUTRAL on manual transmission equipped vehicles. The system does not recognize NEUTRAL on manual vehicles, thus it will hold the vehicle on an incline for a short period while in NEUTRAL, regardless of clutch position. To prevent this, do not attempt to roll down a hill simply by putting the transmission in NEUTRAL and letting gravity act on the vehicle, as the HSA will prevent the vehicle from rolling. Instead, use the appropriate gear for moving in the desired direction.
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Towing and Hauling with HSA (Vehicles Equipped with Automatic Transmissions Only) The HSA system does not know if your vehicle is loaded or towing a trailer, unless the TOW/HAUL button, located on the transmission gear shift lever, is selected. When activated, the TOW/HAUL light will illuminate in the instrument cluster. For more information on TOW/ HAUL mode, refer to “When To USE TOW/HAUL and O/D OFF Modes” under 9Automatic Transmission” in Section 5. In order to accommodate the extra weight entailed under towing and hauling conditions and to increase driver comfort while launching on a hill, the system recognizes when the TOW/HAUL button is acti- vated and compensates by releasing brake pressure at a slower rate while throttle is applied in order to prevent the vehicle from rolling down the hill.
WARNING!
If you use a trailer brake controller with your trailer, your trailer brakes may be activated and deactivated with the brake switch. If so, when the brake pedal is released, there may not be enough brake pressure to hold the vehicle and trailer on a hill and this could cause a collision with another vehicle or object be- hind you. In order to avoid rolling down the incline while resuming acceleration, manually activate the trailer brake or apply more vehicle brake pressure prior to releasing the brake pedal. Always remember the driver is responsible for braking the vehicle.
WARNING!
HSA is not a parking brake. If you stop the vehicle on a hill without putting the transmission in PARK or using the parking brake, it will roll down the incline and could cause a collision with another vehicle or object. Always remember to use the parking brake while parking on a hill, and that the driver is responsible for braking the vehicle.
HSA Off If you wish to turn off the HSA system, follow this procedure: 1. Start with the engine off and vehicle in PARK (auto- matic transmission) or NEUTRAL with clutch out (manual transmission) with wheels straight. Apply park- ing brake on manual transmission vehicle.
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2. Start the engine. 3. With the engine running, the brake applied, and the clutch out, rotate the steering wheel 180° counterclock- wise from center. 4. Press ESP button four times within twenty seconds. The “ESP/TCS Indicator Light” should appear and dis- appear four times. 5. Rotate the steering wheel 360° clockwise (180° clock- wise from center). 6. Cycle ignition switch OFF then ON. 7. If the sequence was completed properly, the “ESP/ TCS Indicator Light” will blink several times to confirm HSA is off. Steps 1-7 must be completed within 90 seconds to turn off HSA. Repeat steps 1-7 to re-enable HSA functionality.
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Electronic Roll Mitigation (ERM) The ERM system anticipates the potential for wheel lift by monitoring the driver’s steering wheel input and the speed of the vehicle. When ERM determines that the rate of change of the steering wheel angle and vehicle speed are sufficient to potentially cause wheel lift, it applies the appropriate brake and may reduce engine power to lessen the chance that wheel lift will occur. ERM will only intervene during very severe or evasive driving maneu- vers. ERM can only reduce the chance of wheel lift occurring during severe or evasive driving maneuvers. It cannot prevent wheel lift due to other factors such as road conditions, leaving the roadway or striking objects or other vehicles.
WARNING!
Many factors, such as vehicle loading, road condi- tions and driving conditions, influence the chance that wheel lift or rollover may occur. † ERM cannot prevent all wheel lift or rollovers, especially those that involve leaving the roadway or striking objects or other vehicles. Only a safe, attentive, and skillful driver can prevent accidents. † The capabilities of an ERM-equipped vehicle must never be exploited in a reckless or dangerous manner which could jeopardize the user’s safety or the safety of others.
ESP (Electronic Stability Program)
The ESP system enhances directional control and stability of the vehicle under various driving conditions. ESP corrects for oversteering or understeering of the vehicle by applying the brake of the appropriate wheel to assist in counteracting the oversteer or understeer condition. Engine power may also be reduced to help the vehicle maintain the desired path. ESP uses sensors in the vehicle to determine the vehicle path intended by the driver and compares it to the actual path of the vehicle. When the actual path does not match the intended path, ESP applies the brake of the appropri- ate wheel to assist in counteracting the oversteer or understeer condition. † Oversteer - when the vehicle is turning more than
appropriate for the steering wheel position.
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† Understeer - when the vehicle is turning less than
appropriate for the steering wheel position.
ESP/TCS Indicator Light
The “ESP/TCS Indicator Light” located in the instrument cluster, starts to flash as soon as the tires lose traction and the ESP system becomes active. The “ESP/TCS Indicator Light” also flashes when TCS is active. If the “ESP/TCS Indicator Light” begins to flash during acceleration, ease up on the accelerator and apply as little throttle as possible. Be sure to adapt your speed and driving to the prevailing road conditions.
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WARNING!
† ESP (Electronic Stability Program) cannot prevent the natural laws of physics from acting on the vehicle, nor can it increase the traction afforded by prevailing road conditions. † ESP cannot prevent accidents, including those resulting from excessive speed in turns, driving on slippery surfaces, or hydroplaning. Only a safe, attentive, and skillful driver can prevent accidents. † The capabilities of an ESP-equipped vehicle must never be exploited in a reckless or dangerous manner which could jeopardize the user’s safety or the safety of others.
The ESP system has multiple operating modes depend- ing on vehicle type: Two-Wheel Drive (2WD) or Four- Wheel Drive (4WD). 4WD vehicles may be equipped
with either a four-mode position (2WD/Neutral/4HI/ 4LO) transfer case or a five-mode position (2WD/ AUTO/Neutral/4H/4LO) transfer case. If you have a 4WD vehicle, and want to determine which transfer case is on your vehicle and how to operate it, refer to the “Four Wheel Drive Operating” in Section 5. All 2WD vehicles and 4WD vehicles in 2WD, AUTO or 4HI Modes can choose the following ESP operating modes:
ESP On This is the normal operating mode for ESP in 2WD/ AUTO/4HI Modes and in 2WD vehicles. Whenever the vehicle is started, or the transfer case (if equipped) is shifted from 4LO or Neutral, back to 4HI or AUTO, the ESP system will be in this mode. This mode should be used for almost all driving situations. ESP should only be turned to “Partial Off” or “ESP Off” for specific reasons as noted below.
ESP Partial Off This mode is entered by momentarily depressing the 9ESP OFF” switch. When in 9Partial Off9 mode, the TCS portion of ESP, except for the “limited slip” feature described in the TCS section, has been disabled and the 9ESP/TCS Indicator Light9 will be illuminated. All other stability features of ESP function normally. This mode is intended to be used if the vehicle is in deep snow, sand, or gravel conditions and more wheel spin than ESP would normally allow is required to gain traction. To turn ESP on again, momentarily depress the 9ESP OFF” switch. This will restore the normal “ESP On” mode of operation. NOTE: To improve the vehicle’s traction when driving with snow chains, or starting off in deep snow, sand or gravel, it may be desirable to switch to the “Partial Off” mode by pressing the ESP switch. Once the situation requiring ESP to be switched to the “Partial Off” mode is
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overcome, turn ESP back on by momentarily depressing the “ESP Control Switch”. This may be done while the vehicle is in motion.
WARNING!
In the Partial Off mode, the engine torque reduction and stability features are desensitized. Therefore, the enhanced vehicle stability offered by ESP is unavailable.
All 4WD vehicles in Auto and 4HI Modes can also choose the following ESP operating mode. This is the only ESP operating mode in 4LO:
Full Off This mode is intended for off-road use when ESP stability features could inhibit vehicle maneuverability due to trail conditions. This mode is entered by depressing and
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holding the “ESP Control Switch” for five seconds when the vehicle is stopped and the engine is running. After five seconds, the “ESP/TCS Indicator Light” will illumi- nate and the “ESP Off” message will appear in the odometer. Press and release the trip odometer button located on the instrument cluster to clear this message. NOTE: The “ESP OFF” message will display and the audible chime will sound when the gear selector is placed into the PARK position from any other position, and then moved out of the PARK position. This will occur even if the message was previously cleared. In this mode, ESP and TCS, except for the “Limited Slip” feature described in the TCS section, are turned off until the vehicle reaches a speed of 40 mph (64 km/h). At 40
mph (64 km/h) the system returns to “Partial Off” mode, described above. When the vehicle speed drops below 35
mph (56 km/h) the ESP system shuts off. ESP is off at low vehicle speeds so that it will not interfere with off-roaddriving but ESP function returns to provide the stability feature at speeds above 40 mph (64 km/h). The “ESP/ TCS Indicator Light” will always be illuminated when ESP is off. To turn ESP on again, momentarily depress the “ESP Control Switch”. This will restore the normal “ESP On’ mode of operation. “ESP Off” is the only operating mode for ESP in 4LO. Whenever the vehicle is started in 4LO or the transfer case (if equipped) is shifted from 4HI or Neutral, to 4LO, the ESP system will be in this mode.
WARNING!
With the ESP switched off, the enhanced vehicle sta- bility offered by ESP is unavailable. In an emergency evasive maneuver, the ESP system will not engage to assist in maintaining stability. “ESP Off” mode is intended for off-highway or off-road use, only.
ESP/BAS Warning Lamp and ESP/TCS Indicator Light The malfunction indicator for the ESP is combined with the BAS indicator. The yellow “ESP/BAS Warning Lamp” and the yellow “ESP/TCS Indicator Light” in the instrument cluster both come on when the ignition switch is turned to the ON position. They should both go out with the engine running. If the “ESP/BAS Warning Lamp” comes on continuously with the engine running, a malfunction has been detected in either the ESP or BAS system, or both. If this light remains on after several ignition cycles, and the vehicle has been driven several miles/kilometers at speeds greater than 30 mph (48
km/h), see your authorized dealer as soon as possible to have the problem diagnosed and corrected. NOTE: † The “ESP Indicator Light” and the “ESP/BAS Warning Lamp” come on momentarily each time the ignition switch is turned ON.STARTING AND OPERATING 337
will be ON even if it was turned off previously.
† Each time the ignition is turned ON, the ESP System † The ESP Control System will make buzzing or clicking sounds when it is active. This is normal. The sounds will stop when ESP becomes inactive following the maneuver that caused the ESP activation.
TSC (Trailer Sway Control) The TSC system uses sensors in the vehicle to recognize an excessively swaying trailer and will take the appro- priate actions to attempt to stop the sway. The system may reduce engine power and apply the brake of the appropriate wheel(s) to counteract the sway of the trailer. TSC will become active automatically once an excessively swaying trailer is recognized. No driver action is re- quired. Note that TSC cannot stop all trailers from swaying. Always use caution when towing a trailer and follow the trailer tongue weight recommendations. Refer to “Trailer Towing” in Section 5 of this manual for more
338 STARTING AND OPERATING
information on towing a trailer with your vehicle. When TSC is functioning, the “ESP/TCS Indicator Light” will flash, the engine power may be reduced and you may feel the brakes being applied to individual wheels to attempt to stop the trailer from swaying. TSC is disabled when the ESP system is in the Partial Off or Full Off modes. TSC is only active in the default “ESP On” mode. TSC can be disabled by pressing the ESP Off button and entering “ESP Partial Off” mode. It is not active in the “ESP Partial Off” or “ESP Off” modes. Please refer to the ESP portion of this section for an explanation of the different ESP operating modes.
WARNING!
If TSC activates while driving, slow the vehicle down, stop at the nearest safe location, and adjust the trailer load to eliminate trailer sway.
MULTI-DISPLACEMENT SYSTEM (MDS) — 5.7L ENGINE ONLY This feature offers improved fuel economy by shutting off four of the engine’s eight cylinders during light load and cruise conditions. The system is automatic with no driver inputs or additional driving skills required. NOTE: The MDS system may take some time to return to full functionality after a battery disconnect.
TIRE SAFETY INFORMATION
TIRE MARKINGS
NOTE: † P (Passenger) - Metric tire sizing is based on U.S. design standards. P-Metric tires have the letter “P” molded into the sidewall preceding the size designa- tion. Example: P215/65R15 95H.
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† European-Metric tire sizing is based on European design standards. Tires designed to this standard have the tire size molded into the sidewall beginning with the section width. The letter 9P9 is absent from this tire size designation. Example: 215/65R15 96H. † LT (Light Truck) - Metric tire sizing is based on U.S. design standards. The size designation for LT-Metric tires is the same as for P-Metric tires except for the letters “LT” that are molded into the sidewall preced- ing the size designation. Example: LT235/85R16. † Temporary spare tires are high-pressure compact spares designed for temporary emergency use only. Tires designed to this standard have the letter “T” molded into the sidewall preceding the size designa- tion. Example: T145/80D18 103M. † High flotation tire sizing is based on U.S. design standards, and it begins with the tire diameter molded into the sidewall. Example: 31x10.5 R15 LT.
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Tire Sizing Chart
Size Designation:
TIRE SIZING TERMS
P = Passenger Car tire size based on U.S. design standards (....blank....( = Passenger Car tire based on European design standards LT = Light Truck tire based on U.S. design standards T = Temporary spare tire 31 = Overall diameter in inches (in) 215 = Section width in millimeters (mm) 65 = Aspect ratio in percent (%)
— Ratio of section height to section width of tire
10.5 = Section width in inches (in) R = Construction code
— 9R9 means radial construction —9D9 means diagonal or bias construction
15 = Rim diameter in inches (in)
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Service Description:
TIRE SIZING TERMS
95 = Load Index
— A numerical code associated with the maximum load a tire can carry
H = Speed Symbol
— A symbol indicating the range of speeds at which a tire can carry a load corresponding to its load index under certain operating conditions — The maximum speed corresponding to the speed symbol should only be achieved under specified operating conditions (i.e., tire pressure, vehicle loading, road conditions, and posted speed limits)
Load Identification:
(....blank....( = Absence of any text on the sidewall of the tire indicates a Standard Load (SL) Tire Extra Load (XL) = Extra load (or reinforced) tire Light Load = Light load tire C, D, E = Load range associated with the maximum load a tire can carry at a specified pressure
Maximum Load — Maximum load indicates the maximum load this tire is designed to carry Maximum Pressure — Maximum pressure indicates the maximum permissible cold tire inflation pressure for this tire
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TIRE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (TIN) The TIN may be found on one or both sides of the tire, however, the date code may only be on one side. Tires with white sidewalls will have the full TIN, including the date code, located on the white sidewall side of the tire. Look for the TIN on the outboard side of black sidewall tires as mounted on the vehicle. If the TIN is not found on the outboard side, then you will find it on the inboard side of the tire.
TIRE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
EXAMPLE: DOT MA L9 ABCD 0301
DOT = Department of Transportation— This symbol certifies that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation tire safety standards, and is approved for highway use
MA = Code representing the tire manufacturing location (two digits) L9 = Code representing the tire size (two digits) ABCD = Code used by the tire manufacturer (one to four digits) 03 = Number representing the week in which the tire was manufactured (two digits)
—03 means the 3rd week.
01 = Number representing the year in which the tire was manufactured (two digits)
—01 means the year 2001
EXAMPLE: DOT MA L9 ABCD 0301
TIRE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
— Prior to July 2000, tire manufacturers were only required to have one number to represent the year in which the tire was manufactured. Example: 031 could represent the 3rd week of 1981 or 1991
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TIRE LOADING AND TIRE PRESSURE
Tire Placard Location NOTE: The proper cold tire inflation pressure is listed on either the face of the driver’s door or the driver’s side B-Pillar.
Tire Placard Location
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Tire and Loading Information Placard
Tire And Loading Information Placard
This placard tells you important information about the: 1) number of people that can be carried in the vehicle 2) total weight your vehicle can carry 3) tire size designed for your vehicle 4) cold tire inflation pressures for the front, rear, and spare tires.
Loading The vehicle maximum load on the tire must not exceed the load carrying capacity of the tire on your vehicle. You will not exceed the tire’s load carrying capacity if you adhere to the loading conditions, tire size, and cold tire inflation pressures specified on the Tire and Loading Information placard and in the “Vehicle Loading” section of this manual. NOTE: Under a maximum loaded vehicle condition, gross axle weight ratings (GAWRs) for the front and rear axles must not be exceeded. For further information on GAWRs, vehicle loading, and trailer towing, refer to “Vehicle Loading” in this section. To determine the maximum loading conditions of your vehicle, locate the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs.” on the Tire and Loading Information placard. The
combined weight of occupants, cargo/luggage and trailer tongue weight (if applicable) should never exceed the weight referenced here. Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit 1. Locate the statement “The combined weight of occu- pants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs” on your vehicle’s placard. 2. Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that will be riding in your vehicle. 3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver and pas- sengers from XXX kg or XXX lbs. 4. The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity. For example, if “XXX” amount equals 1,400 lbs (635 kg) and there will be five 150 lb (68 kg) passengers in your vehicle, the amount of available cargo and luggage load capacity is 650 lbs (295
kg) (since 5 x 150 = 750, and 1400 – 750 = 650 lbs [295 kg]).STARTING AND OPERATING 345
5. Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4. 6. If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle. Consult this manual to determine how this reduces the available cargo and luggage load capacity of your vehicle. NOTE: The following table shows examples on how to calculate total load, cargo/luggage, and towing capaci- ties of your vehicle with varying seating configurations and number and size of occupants. This table is for illustration purposes only and may not be accurate for the seating and load carry capacity of your vehicle. NOTE: For the following example, the combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed 865 lbs (392
kg).346 STARTING AND OPERATING
WARNING!
1. Safety—
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Overloading of your tires is dangerous. Overloading can cause tire failure, affect vehicle handling, and increase your stopping distance. Use tires of the recommended load capacity for your vehicle. Never overload them.
TIRES — GENERAL INFORMATION
Tire Pressure Proper tire inflation pressure is essential to the safe and satisfactory operation of your vehicle. Three primary areas are affected by improper tire pressure:
WARNING!
†Improperly inflated tires are dangerous and can cause accidents. †Under-inflation increases tire flexing and can result in tire failure.
WARNING!
†Over-inflation reduces a tire’s ability to cushion shock. Objects on the road and chuckholes can cause damage that result in tire failure. †Over-inflated or under-inflated tires can affect ve- hicle handling and can fail suddenly, resulting in loss of vehicle control.
