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activate if the vehicle is in a drive gear and facing downhill, or if the vehicle is facing uphill and in R (Reverse).
Driving and Operating
9-27
Ride Control Systems
Traction Control/ Electronic Stability Control
System Operation The vehicle has a Traction Control System (TCS) and StabiliTrak®, an electronic stability control system. These systems help limit wheel slip and assist the driver in maintaining control, especially on slippery road conditions. TCS activates if it senses that any of the drive wheels are spinning or beginning to lose traction. When this happens, TCS applies the brakes to the spinning wheels and reduces engine power to limit wheel spin. StabiliTrak activates when the vehicle senses a difference between the intended path and the direction the vehicle is actually traveling. StabiliTrak selectively applies braking pressure to any one of the
vehicle wheel brakes to assist the driver in keeping the vehicle on the intended path. If cruise control is being used and traction control or StabiliTrak begins to limit wheel spin, cruise control will disengage. Cruise control may be turned back on when road conditions allow. Both systems come on automatically when the vehicle is started and begins to move. The systems may be heard or felt while they are operating or while performing diagnostic checks. This is normal and does not mean there is a problem with the vehicle. It is recommended to leave both systems on for normal driving conditions, but it may be necessary to turn TCS off if the vehicle gets stuck in sand, mud, ice, or snow. See If the Vehicle Is Stuck on page 9-8 and “Turning the Systems Off and On” later in this section.
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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9-28
Driving and Operating
The indicator light for both systems is in the instrument cluster. This light will:
Flash when TCS is limiting wheel spin. Flash when StabiliTrak is activated. Turn on and stay on when either system is not working.
If either system fails to turn on or to activate, a message displays in the Driver Information Center (DIC), and d comes on and stays on to indicate that the system is inactive and is not assisting the driver in maintaining control. The vehicle is safe to drive, but driving should be adjusted accordingly.
If d comes on and stays on: 1. Stop the vehicle. 2. Turn the engine off and wait
15 seconds.
3. Start the engine. Drive the vehicle. If d comes on and stays on, the vehicle may need more time to diagnose the problem. If the condition persists, see your dealer. Turning the Systems Off and On
The button for TCS and StabiliTrak is on the center stack.
{ Caution
Do not repeatedly brake or accelerate heavily when TCS is off. The vehicle driveline could be damaged.
To turn off only TCS, press and release the g button. The Traction Off Light i displays in the instrument cluster. To turn TCS on again, press and release the g button. The Traction Off Light i displayed in the instrument cluster will turn off. If TCS is limiting wheel spin when the g button is pressed, the system will not turn off until the wheels stop spinning. To turn off both TCS and StabiliTrak, press and hold the g button until the Traction Off Light i and
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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StabiliTrak Off Light g come on and stay on in the instrument cluster. To turn TCS and StabiliTrak on again, press and release the g button. The Traction Off Light i and StabiliTrak Off Light g in the instrument cluster turn off. Adding accessories can affect the vehicle performance. See Accessories and Modifications on page 10-3.
Driving and Operating
9-29
{ Warning
Cruise control can be dangerous where you cannot drive safely at a steady speed. Do not use the cruise control on winding roads or in heavy traffic. Cruise control can be dangerous on slippery roads. On such roads, fast changes in tire traction can cause excessive wheel slip, and you could lose control. Do not use cruise control on slippery roads.
Cruise Control If equipped with cruise control, the vehicle can maintain a speed of about 40 km/h (25 mph) or more without keeping your foot on the accelerator. Cruise control does not work at speeds below 40 km/h (25 mph). If the brakes are applied, the cruise control disengages. If the vehicle's Traction Control System (TCS) or StabiliTrak system begins to limit wheel spin while using cruise control, the cruise control will automatically disengage. See Traction Control/Electronic Stability Control on page 9-27. When road conditions allow you to safely use it again, the cruise control can be turned back on.
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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9-30
Driving and Operating
SET/− (Set/Coast): Press briefly to set the speed and activate cruise control. If cruise control is already active, use to decrease vehicle speed. [ (Cancel): Press to disengage cruise control without erasing the set speed from memory.
Setting Cruise Control If the cruise button is on when not in use, it could get bumped and go into cruise when not desired. Keep the cruise control button off when cruise is not being used. The cruise control light on the instrument panel cluster turns green after the cruise control has been set to the desired speed. 1. Press I. 2. Get up to the desired speed. 3. Press and release the SET/−
button.
4. Remove foot from the
accelerator.
Resuming a Set Speed If the cruise control is set at a desired speed and then the brakes are applied, the cruise control is disengaged without erasing the set speed from memory. To begin using cruise control again, press the RES/+ button briefly once the vehicle speed is 40 km/h (25 mph) or more. The vehicle returns to the previous set speed and stays there.
Increasing Speed While Using Cruise Control If the cruise control system is already activated: . Press and hold the RES/+ button
on the steering wheel until the desired speed is reached, then release it. To increase vehicle speed in small amounts, briefly press the RES/+ button. Each time this is done, the vehicle goes about 1.6 km/h (1 mph) faster.
I (On/Off): Press to turn the cruise control system on and off. A white cruise control indicator light turns on when in use. RES/+ (Resume/Accelerate): Press briefly to make the vehicle resume to a previously set speed, or press and hold to accelerate. If cruise control is already active, use to increase vehicle speed.
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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Using Cruise Control on Hills How well cruise control works on hills depends on the vehicle speed, load, and the steepness of the hills. When going up steep hills, you might have to step on the accelerator pedal to maintain the vehicle speed. When going downhill, you might have to brake or shift to a lower gear to maintain the vehicle speed. When the brakes are applied, cruise control is disengaged.
Driving and Operating
9-31
Ending Cruise Control There are four ways to end cruise control: . Step lightly on the brake pedal
(manual and automatic transmissions).
. Press the clutch pedal to the floor (manual transmissions).
. Press [ on the steering wheel.
To turn off the cruise control, press I on the steering wheel.
Erasing Speed Memory The cruise control set speed is erased from memory by pressing I or if the ignition is turned off.
Reducing Speed While Using Cruise Control If the cruise control system is already activated: . Press and hold the SET/− button
on the steering wheel until the desired speed is reached, then release it. To slow down in small amounts, briefly press the SET/− button. Each time this is done, the vehicle goes about 1.6 km/h (1 mph) slower.
Passing Another Vehicle While Using Cruise Control Use the accelerator pedal to increase the vehicle's speed. When you take your foot off the pedal, the vehicle will slow down to the previous set cruise speed. While pressing the accelerator pedal or shortly following the release to override cruise control, briefly pressing the SET/− button will result in cruise control set to the current vehicle speed.
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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9-32
Driving and Operating
Driver Assistance Systems
Rear Vision Camera (RVC) The vehicle may have an RVC system. Read this entire section before using it. The RVC system can assist the driver when backing up by displaying a view of the area behind the vehicle.
{ Warning
The RVC system does not display children, pedestrians, bicyclists, animals, or any other object located outside the camera's field of view, below the bumper, or under the vehicle. Perceived distances may be different from actual distances. Do not back the vehicle using only the RVC
(Continued)
Warning (Continued)
screen, during longer, higher speed backing maneuvers, or where there could be cross traffic. Failure to use proper care before backing may result in injury, death, or vehicle damage. Always check behind and around the vehicle before backing.
How the System Works When the vehicle is shifted into R (Reverse), the image of the area behind the vehicle appears in the radio screen. The previous screen displays when the vehicle is shifted out of R (Reverse) after approximately 2 seconds. To see the previous screen sooner, do one of the following: . Press a button on the infotainment system.
. Shift into P (Park).
Turning the Rear Vision Camera System On or Off To turn the RVC system on or off: 1. Shift into P (Park). 2. Press the CONFIG button on the
infotainment system.
3. Select Display. 4. Select Camera. When a
checkmark appears next to Camera, then the RVC system is on.
Guidelines The RVC system may have a guideline overlay that can help the driver align the vehicle when backing into a parking spot. To turn the guidelines on or off: 1. Shift into P (Park). 2. Press the CONFIG button on the
infotainment system.
3. Select Display.
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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Driving and Operating
9-33
4. Select Guidelines. When a checkmark appears next to Guidelines, guidelines will appear.
Rear Vision Camera Error Messages SERVICE REAR VISION CAMERA SYSTEM: If this message appears in the center stack display, the system may need service. If any other problem occurs or if a problem persists, see your dealer. Rear Vision Camera Location
The RVC is above the license plate. The area displayed by the camera is limited. It does not display objects that are close to either corner or under the bumper and can vary depending on vehicle orientation or road conditions. Displayed images may be farther or closer than they appear. The following illustrations show the field of view that the camera provides.
1. View displayed by the camera.
1. View displayed by the camera. 2. Corner of the rear bumper. When the System Does Not Seem To Work Properly The RVC system may not work properly or display a clear image if:
The RVC is turned off. See “Turning the Rear Vision Camera System On or Off” earlier in this section. It is dark.
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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9-34
Driving and Operating
The sun or the beam of headlamps is shining directly into the camera lens. Ice, snow, mud, or anything else has built up on the camera lens. Clean the lens, rinse it with water, and wipe it with a soft cloth. The back of the vehicle was in an accident. The position and mounting angle of the camera can change or the camera can be affected. Be sure to have the camera and its position and mounting angle checked at your dealer.
Fuel Use of the recommended fuel is an important part of the proper maintenance of this vehicle. When driving in the U.S., to help keep the engine clean and maintain optimum vehicle performance, we recommend using TOP TIER Detergent Gasolines. See www.toptiergas.com for a list of TOP TIER Detergent Gasolines.
Recommended Fuel Use regular unleaded gasoline with a posted octane rating of 87 or higher. If the octane rating is less than 87, an audible knocking noise may be heard. If this occurs, use a gasoline rated at 87 octane or higher as soon as possible. If heavy knocking is heard when using gasoline with a higher octane rating, the engine needs service.
Use of Seasonal Fuels Use summer and winter fuels in the appropriate season. Driving or starting could be affected if the incorrect fuel is used. Drive the vehicle with the engine running until the fuel is a half tank or less, then refuel with the current seasonal fuel.
Prohibited Fuels Gasolines containing oxygenates, such as ethers and ethanol, as well as reformulated gasolines are available in some cities. If these gasolines comply with the previously described specification,
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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Driving and Operating
9-35
then they are acceptable to use. However, E85 and other fuels containing more than 15% ethanol must be used only in FlexFuel vehicles.
{ Caution
Do not use fuel containing methanol. It can corrode metal parts in the fuel system and also damage plastic and rubber parts. That damage would not be covered under the vehicle warranty.
Some gasolines that are not reformulated for low emissions can contain an octane-enhancing additive called methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT). Do not use gasolines with MMT as they can reduce spark plug life and affect emission control system performance. The malfunction indicator lamp may turn on. If this occurs, see your dealer for service.
Gasoline Specifications At a minimum, gasoline should meet ASTM specification D 4814. Some gasolines contain an octane-enhancing additive called methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT). We recommend against the use of gasolines containing MMT. See “Prohibited Fuels" in Recommended Fuel on page 9-34.
California Fuel Requirements If the vehicle is certified to meet California Emissions Standards, it is designed to operate on fuels that meet California specifications. See the underhood emission control label. If this fuel is not available in states adopting California Emissions Standards, the vehicle will operate satisfactorily on fuels meeting federal specifications, but emission control system performance might be affected. The malfunction indicator lamp could turn on and the
vehicle may not pass a smog-check test. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp on page 5-12. If this occurs, return to your authorized dealer for diagnosis. If it is determined that the condition is caused by the type of fuel used, repairs may not be covered by the vehicle warranty.
Fuels in Foreign Countries If planning to drive in countries outside the U.S. or Canada, the proper fuel might be hard to find. Check regional auto club or fuel retail brand websites for availability in the country where driving. Never use leaded gasoline, fuel containing methanol, or any other fuel not recommended. Costly repairs caused by use of improper fuel would not be covered by the vehicle warranty.
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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9-36
Driving and Operating
Warning (Continued)
. Fuel can spray out if the fuel
cap is opened too quickly. This spray can happen if the tank is nearly full, and is more likely in hot weather. Open the fuel cap slowly and wait for any hiss noise to stop then unscrew the cap all the way.
Fuel Additives To keep fuel systems clean, TOP TIER Detergent Gasoline is recommended. See Fuel on page 9-34. If TOP TIER Detergent Gasoline is not available, one bottle of Fuel System Treatment PLUS, part number 88861013, added to the fuel tank at every engine oil change, can help. Fuel System Treatment PLUS is the only gasoline additive recommended by General Motors. It is available at your dealer.
Filling the Tank
{ Warning
Fuel vapors and fuel fires burn violently and can cause injury or death.
. To help avoid injuries to you and others, read and follow all the instructions on the fuel pump island.
. Turn off the engine when
refueling.
. Keep sparks, flames, and
smoking materials away from fuel.
. Do not leave the fuel pump
unattended.
. Do not reenter the vehicle
while pumping fuel.
. Keep children away from the
fuel pump and never let children pump fuel.
(Continued)
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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Driving and Operating
9-37
{ Caution
If a new fuel cap is needed, be sure to get the right type of cap from your dealer. The wrong type of fuel cap might not fit properly, might cause the malfunction indicator lamp to light, and could damage the fuel tank and emissions system. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp on page 5-12.
When replacing the fuel cap, turn it clockwise until it clicks. Make sure the cap is fully installed. The diagnostic system can determine if the fuel cap has been left off or improperly installed. This would allow fuel to evaporate into the atmosphere. See Malfunction Indicator Lamp on page 5-12. Push the fuel door closed until it latches.
{ Warning
If a fire starts while you are refueling, do not remove the nozzle. Shut off the flow of fuel by shutting off the pump or by notifying the station attendant. Leave the area immediately.
The tethered fuel cap is behind a hinged fuel door on the passenger side of the vehicle. To open the fuel filler door, lift the fuel door release lever. The lever is on the floor, on the left front side of the driver seat. The fuel door is unlocked when the vehicle is unlocked. Locking the vehicle locks the fuel door.
To remove the fuel cap, turn it slowly counterclockwise. Be careful not to spill fuel. Do not top off or overfill the tank and wait a few seconds after you have finished pumping before removing the nozzle. Clean fuel from painted surfaces as soon as possible. See Exterior Care on page 10-69.
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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Trailer Towing
General Towing Information The vehicle is neither designed nor intended to tow a trailer.
Warning (Continued)
keep it in contact with the fill opening until filling is complete.
. Fill the container no more than 95% full to allow for expansion.
. Do not smoke, light matches,
or use lighters while pumping fuel.
. Avoid using cell phones or
other electronic devices.
9-38
Driving and Operating
Filling a Portable Fuel Container
{ Warning
Filling a portable fuel container while it is in the vehicle can cause fuel vapors that can ignite either by static electricity or other means. You or others could be badly burned and the vehicle could be damaged. Always:
. Use approved fuel
containers.
. Remove the container from the vehicle, trunk, or pickup bed before filling.
. Place the container on the
ground.
. Place the nozzle inside the fill
opening of the container before dispensing fuel, and
(Continued)
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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Driving and Operating
9-39
Conversions and Add-Ons
Add-On Electrical Equipment
{ Caution
Some electrical equipment can damage the vehicle or cause components to not work and would not be covered by the warranty. Always check with your dealer before adding electrical equipment.
Add-on equipment can drain the vehicle's 12-volt battery, even if the vehicle is not operating. The vehicle has an airbag system. Before attempting to add anything electrical to the vehicle, see Servicing the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 3-28 and Adding Equipment to the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 3-29.
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Driving and Operating
2 NOTES
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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Vehicle Care
General Information
General Information . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
California Proposition65 Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
California Perchlorate
Materials Requirements . . . . 10-3
Accessories and
Modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
Vehicle Checks Doing Your Own
Service Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4
Engine CompartmentOverview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-6
Engine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-7
Engine Oil Life System . . . . . . 10-9
Automatic TransmissionFluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-10
Manual Transmission
Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-11
Hydraulic Clutch . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-11
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter . . . . 10-11
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-12
Engine Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13
Engine Overheating . . . . . . . . 10-16Washer Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-18
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-18
Brake Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-19
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-21
Starter Switch Check . . . . . . . 10-22
Automatic Transmission ShiftLock Control Function Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-22
Ignition Transmission Lock
Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-22
Park Brake and P (Park)
Mechanism Check . . . . . . . . 10-23
Wiper Blade
Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-23
Headlamp Aiming
Headlamp Aiming . . . . . . . . . . 10-24
Bulb Replacement
Bulb Replacement . . . . . . . . . . 10-25
Halogen Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-25
Headlamps, Front TurnSignal and Parking Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-25
Fog Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-26Vehicle Care
10-1
Taillamps, Turn Signal,
Stoplamps, and Back-Up Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-26
License Plate Lamp . . . . . . . . 10-27
Replacement Bulbs . . . . . . . . . 10-28Electrical System
Electrical System
Overload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-28
Fuses and Circuit
Breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-29
Engine Compartment Fuse
Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-29
Instrument Panel Fuse
Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-33
Wheels and Tires
Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-35
All-Season Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-36
Winter Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-36
Summer Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-37
Tire Sidewall Labeling . . . . . . 10-37
Tire Designations . . . . . . . . . . . 10-38
Tire Terminology andDefinitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-39
Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-42
Tire Pressure MonitorSystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-43
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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10-2
Vehicle Care
Towing the Vehicle
Towing the Vehicle . . . . . . . . . 10-66
Recreational VehicleTowing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-67
Appearance Care
Exterior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-69
Interior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-74
Floor Mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-77General Information For service and parts needs, visit your dealer. You will receive genuine GM parts and GM-trained and supported service people. Genuine GM parts have one of these marks:
Tire Pressure Monitor
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-44
Tire Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-47
Tire Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-47
When It Is Time for NewTires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-48
Buying New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . 10-49
Different Size Tires andWheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-51
Uniform Tire Quality
Grading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-51
Wheel Alignment and Tire
Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-53
Wheel Replacement . . . . . . . . 10-53
Tire Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-54
If a Tire Goes Flat . . . . . . . . . . 10-54
Tire Sealant andCompressor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . 10-55
Storing the Tire Sealant and
Compressor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . 10-63
Jump Starting
Jump Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-64
California Proposition 65 Warning Most motor vehicles, including this one, contain and/or emit chemicals known to the State of California to
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. Engine exhaust, many parts and systems, many fluids, and some component wear by-products contain and/or emit these chemicals.
California Perchlorate Materials Requirements Certain types of automotive applications, such as airbag initiators, safety belt pretensioners, and lithium batteries contained in Remote Keyless Entry transmitters, may contain perchlorate materials. Special handling may be necessary. For additional information, see www.dtsc.ca.gov/hazardouswaste/ perchlorate.
Accessories and Modifications Adding non‐dealer accessories or making modifications to the vehicle can affect vehicle performance and safety, including such things as airbags, braking, stability, ride and
handling, emissions systems, aerodynamics, durability, and electronic systems like antilock brakes, traction control, and stability control. These accessories or modifications could even cause malfunction or damage not covered by the vehicle warranty. Damage to vehicle components resulting from modifications or the installation or use of non‐GM certified parts, including control module or software modifications, is not covered under the terms of the vehicle warranty and may affect remaining warranty coverage for affected parts. GM Accessories are designed to complement and function with other systems on the vehicle. See your dealer to accessorize the vehicle using genuine GM Accessories installed by a dealer technician. Also, see Adding Equipment to the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 3-29.
Vehicle Care
10-3
Vehicle Checks
Doing Your Own Service Work
{ Warning
It can be dangerous to work on your vehicle if you do not have the proper knowledge, service manual, tools, or parts. Always follow owner manual procedures and consult the service manual for your vehicle before doing any service work.
If doing some of your own service work, use the proper service manual. It tells you much more about how to service the vehicle than this manual can. To order the proper service manual, see Service Publications Ordering Information on page 13-11.
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
Black plate (4,1)
10-4
Vehicle Care
This vehicle has an airbag system. Before attempting to do your own service work, see Servicing the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 3-28. Keep a record with all parts receipts and list the mileage and the date of any service work performed. See Maintenance Records on page 11-15.
{ Caution Even small amounts of contamination can cause damage to vehicle systems. Do not allow contaminants to contact the fluids, reservoir caps, or dipsticks.
Hood To open the hood:
2. Go to the front of the vehicle and
push the secondary hood release lever up.
1. Pull the hood release handle inside the vehicle. It is on the lower left side of the instrument panel.
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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Vehicle Care
10-5
To close the hood: 1. Before closing the hood, be sure
all filler caps are on properly. Then, lift the hood to relieve pressure on the hood prop. Remove the hood prop from the prop holder in the rear passenger side of the engine compartment and secure it to the retainer on the underside of the hood. The prop rod must click into place when returning it to the retainer to prevent hood damage.
2. Lower the hood 30 cm (12 in)
above the vehicle and release it so it fully latches. Check to make sure the hood is closed and repeat the process if necessary.
3. Lift the hood and release the
4. Securely place the hood prop
hood prop from the prop retainer, which is under the hood.
into the hood prop holder, at the rear passenger side of the engine compartment.
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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10-6
Vehicle Care
Engine Compartment Overview
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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1. Windshield Washer Fluid
Reservoir. See Washer Fluid on page 10-18.
2. Engine Coolant Surge Tank and
Pressure Cap. See Cooling System on page 10-12.
3. Engine Oil Dipstick. See Engine
Oil on page 10-7.
4. Engine Oil Fill Cap. See Engine
Oil on page 10-7.
5. Engine Cooling Fan (Out of
View). See Cooling System on page 10-12.
6. Engine Air Cleaner/Filter on
page 10-11.
7. Brake/Clutch Fluid Reservoir.
See Brakes on page 10-18 and Hydraulic Clutch on page 10-11.
8. Positive (+) Battery Terminal.
See Battery on page 10-21.
9. Battery on page 10-21. 10. Auxiliary Fuse Block. See Engine Compartment Fuse Block on page 10-29.
11. Engine Compartment Fuse
Block on page 10-29.
Engine Oil To ensure proper engine performance and long life, careful attention must be paid to engine oil. Following these simple, but important steps will help protect your investment: . Always use engine oil approved to the proper specification and of the proper viscosity grade. See “Selecting the Right Engine Oil” in this section.
. Check the engine oil level regularly and maintain the proper oil level. See “Checking Engine Oil” and “When to Add Engine Oil” in this section.
. Change the engine oil at the
appropriate time. See Engine Oil Life System on page 10-9.
. Always dispose of engine oil
properly. See “What to Do with Used Oil” in this section.
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Checking Engine Oil It is a good idea to check the engine oil level at each fuel fill. In order to get an accurate reading, the vehicle must be on level ground. The engine oil dipstick handle is a loop. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10-6 for the location of the engine oil dipstick. Obtaining an accurate oil level reading is essential: 1.
If the engine has been running recently, turn off the engine and allow several minutes for the oil to drain back into the oil pan. Checking the oil level too soon after engine shutoff will not provide an accurate oil level reading.
{ Warning
The engine oil dipstick handle may be hot; it could burn you. Use a towel or glove to touch the dipstick handle.
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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Vehicle Care
2. Pull out the dipstick and clean it with a paper towel or cloth, then push it back in all the way. Remove it again, keeping the tip down, and check the level.
When to Add Engine Oil
If the oil is below the cross-hatched area at the tip of the dipstick, add 1 L (1 qt) of the recommended oil and then recheck the level. See “Selecting the Right Engine Oil ” in this section for an explanation of what kind of oil to use. For engine oil crankcase capacity, see Capacities and Specifications on page 12-2.
{ Caution
Do not add too much oil. Oil levels above or below the acceptable operating range shown on the dipstick are harmful to the engine. If you find that you have an oil level above the operating range, i.e., the engine has so much oil that the oil level gets above the cross-hatched area that shows the proper operating range, the engine could be damaged. You should drain out the excess oil or limit driving of the vehicle and seek a service professional to remove the excess amount of oil.
See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10-6 for the location of the engine oil fill cap.
Add enough oil to put the level somewhere in the proper operating range, between the cross-hatched areas. Push the dipstick all the way back in when through. Selecting the Right Engine Oil Selecting the right engine oil depends on both the proper oil specification and viscosity grade. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11-12.
Specification Use and ask for licensed engine oils with the dexos1® approved certification mark. Engine oils meeting the requirements for the vehicle should have the dexos1
approved certification mark. This certification mark indicates that the oil has been approved to the dexos1
specification.Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
Black plate (9,1)
F), an SAE 0W-20 oil may be used. An oil of this viscosity grade will provide easier cold starting for the engine at extremely low temperatures. When selecting an oil of the appropriate viscosity grade, always select an oil of the correct specification. See “Specification” earlier in this section for more information. Engine Oil Additives/Engine Oil Flushes Do not add anything to the oil. The recommended oils with the dexos specification and displaying the dexos certification mark are all that is needed for good performance and engine protection. Engine oil system flushes are not recommended and could cause engine damage not covered by the vehicle warranty. What to Do with Used Oil Used engine oil contains certain elements that can be unhealthy for your skin and could even cause
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cancer. Do not let used oil stay on your skin for very long. Clean your skin and nails with soap and water, or a good hand cleaner. Wash or properly dispose of clothing or rags containing used engine oil. See the manufacturer's warnings about the use and disposal of oil products. Used oil can be a threat to the environment. If you change your own oil, be sure to drain all the oil from the filter before disposal. Never dispose of oil by putting it in the trash or pouring it on the ground, into sewers, or into streams or bodies of water. Recycle it by taking it to a place that collects used oil.
Engine Oil Life System
When to Change Engine Oil This vehicle has a computer system that indicates when to change the engine oil and filter. This is based on a combination of factors which include engine revolutions, engine temperature, and miles driven. Based on driving conditions, the
{ Caution
Failure to use the recommended engine oil can result in engine damage not covered by the vehicle warranty. Check with your dealer or service provider on whether the oil is approved to the dexos1 specification.
Viscosity Grade SAE 5W-20 is the best viscosity grade for the vehicle. SAE 0W-20 may be used as an alternative. Do not use other viscosity grade oils such as SAE 10W-30, 10W-40, or 20W-50. Cold Temperature Operation: In an area of extreme cold, where the temperature falls below −29°C (−20°
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Vehicle Care
mileage at which an oil change is indicated can vary considerably. For the oil life system to work properly, the system must be reset every time the oil is changed. When the system has calculated that oil life has been diminished, it indicates that an oil change is necessary. A Code 82 (change engine oil soon) or : % CHANGE DIC message comes on. Change the oil as soon as possible within the next 1 000 km (600 mi). It is possible that, if driving under the best conditions, the oil life system may indicate that an oil change is not necessary for up to a year. The engine oil and filter must be changed at least once a year and, at this time, the system must be reset. Your dealer has trained service people who will perform this work and reset the system. It is also important to check the oil regularly over the course of an oil drain interval and keep it at the proper level.
If the system is ever reset accidentally, the oil must be changed at 5 000 km (3,000 mi) since the last oil change. Remember to reset the oil life system whenever the oil is changed. How to Reset the Engine Oil Life System Reset the system whenever the engine oil is changed so that the system can calculate the next engine oil change. Always reset the engine oil life to 100% after every oil change. It will not reset itself. To reset the system: 1. Display REMAINING OIL LIFE
on the DIC.
2. Press and hold the SET/CLR
button on the DIC for more than five seconds. The oil life will change to 100%.
If the Code 82 or : % CHANGE DIC message comes back on when the vehicle is started, the engine oil life system has not reset. Repeat the procedure.
Automatic Transmission Fluid
How to Check Automatic Transmission Fluid It is not necessary to check the transmission fluid level. A transmission fluid leak is the only reason for fluid loss. If a leak occurs, take the vehicle to your dealer and have it repaired as soon as possible. The vehicle is not equipped with a transmission fluid level dipstick. There is a special procedure for checking and changing the transmission fluid. Because this procedure is difficult, this should be done at the dealer. Contact the dealer for additional information. Change the fluid and filter at the intervals listed in Maintenance Schedule on page 11-2, and be sure to use the fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11-12.
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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Manual Transmission Fluid
How to Check Manual Transmission Fluid It is not necessary to check the manual transmission fluid level. A transmission fluid leak is the only reason for fluid loss. If a leak occurs, take the vehicle to your dealer and have it repaired as soon as possible.
Hydraulic Clutch For vehicles with a manual transmission, it is not necessary to regularly check brake/clutch fluid unless there is a leak suspected. Adding fluid will not correct a leak. A fluid loss in this system could indicate a problem. Have the system inspected and repaired.
When to Check and What to Use
The brake/hydraulic clutch fluid reservoir cap has this symbol on it. The common brake/clutch fluid reservoir is filled with DOT 4 brake fluid as indicated on the reservoir cap. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10-6 for reservoir location. How to Check and Add Fluid Visually check the brake/clutch fluid reservoir to make sure the fluid level is at the MIN (minimum) line on the side of the reservoir. The brake/ hydraulic clutch fluid system should be closed and sealed.
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Do not remove the cap to check the fluid level or to top off the fluid level. Remove the cap only when necessary to add the proper fluid until the level reaches the MIN line.
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter The engine air cleaner/filter is in the engine compartment on the driver side of the vehicle. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10-6 for more information on location. When to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter Inspect the air cleaner/filter at the scheduled maintenance intervals. See Maintenance Schedule on page 11-2. If you are driving in dusty/dirty conditions, inspect the filter at each engine oil change.
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Vehicle Care
How to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter To inspect the engine air cleaner/ filter, remove the filter from the vehicle and lightly shake the filter to release loose dust and dirt. If the filter remains covered with dirt, a new filter is required. To inspect or replace the air cleaner/ filter:
1. Remove the six screws and lift the cover out of the assembly. Inspect or replace the engine air cleaner/filter.
2.
3. Lower the cover and secure with
the six screws.
See Maintenance Schedule on page 11-2 for replacement intervals.
Cooling System The cooling system allows the engine to maintain the correct working temperature.
{ Warning
Operating the engine with the air cleaner/filter off can cause you or others to be burned. The air cleaner not only cleans the air; it helps to stop flames if the engine backfires. Use caution when working on the engine and do not drive with the air cleaner/filter off.
{ Caution
If the air cleaner/filter is off, dirt can easily get into the engine, which could damage it. Always have the air cleaner/filter in place when you are driving.
1. Engine Coolant Surge Tank and
Pressure Cap
2. Engine Cooling Fan (Out
of View)
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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{ Warning
An electric engine cooling fan under the hood can start up even when the engine is not running and can cause injury. Keep hands, clothing, and tools away from any underhood electric fan.
{ Warning
Heater and radiator hoses, and other engine parts, can be very hot. Do not touch them. If you do, you can be burned. Do not run the engine if there is a leak. If you run the engine, it could lose all coolant. That could cause an engine fire, and you could be burned. Get any leak fixed before you drive the vehicle.
{ Caution Using coolant other than DEX-COOL® can cause premature engine, heater core, or radiator corrosion. In addition, the engine coolant could require changing sooner. Any repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Always use DEX-COOL (silicate-free) coolant in the vehicle.
Engine Coolant The cooling system in the vehicle is filled with DEX-COOL engine coolant. This coolant is designed to remain in the vehicle for 5 years or 240 000 km (150,000 mi), whichever occurs first. The following explains the cooling system and how to check and add coolant when it is low. If there is a problem with engine overheating, see Engine Overheating on page 10-16.
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What to Use
{ Warning
Adding only plain water or some other liquid to the cooling system can be dangerous. Plain water and other liquids, can boil before the proper coolant mixture will. The coolant warning system is set for the proper coolant mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture, the engine could get too hot but you would not get the overheat warning. The engine could catch fire and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/ 50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant.
Use a 50/50 mixture of clean drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant. This mixture: . Gives freezing protection down
to −37°C (−34°F), outside temperature.
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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Vehicle Care
. Gives boiling protection up to
129°C (265°F), engine temperature.
. Protects against rust and
corrosion.
. Will not damage aluminum parts. . Helps keep the proper engine
temperature.
{ Caution
If improper coolant mixture, inhibitors, or additives are used in the vehicle cooling system, the engine could overheat and be damaged. Too much water in the mixture can freeze and crack engine cooling parts. The repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Use only the proper mixture of engine coolant for the cooling system. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11-12.
Never dispose of engine coolant by putting it in the trash, pouring it on the ground, or into sewers, streams, or bodies of water. Have the coolant changed by an authorized service center, familiar with legal requirements regarding used coolant disposal. This will help protect the environment and your health. Checking Coolant The vehicle must be on a level surface when checking the coolant level. It is normal to see coolant moving in the upper coolant hose return line when the engine is running. Check to see if coolant is visible in the coolant surge tank. If the coolant inside the coolant surge tank is boiling, do not do anything else until it cools down.
If coolant is visible but the coolant level is not at or above the mark pointed to, add a 50/50 mixture of clean drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant. Be sure the cooling system is cool before this is done.
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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If no coolant is visible in the coolant surge tank, add coolant as follows: How to Add Coolant to the Coolant Surge Tank { Caution
This vehicle has a specific coolant fill procedure. Failure to follow this procedure could cause the engine to overheat and be severely damaged.
If no problem is found, check to see if coolant is visible in the coolant surge tank. If coolant is visible but the coolant level is not at the indicated level mark, add a 50/ 50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant at the coolant surge tank, but be sure the cooling system, including the coolant surge tank pressure cap, is cool before you do it.
{ Warning
Steam and scalding liquids from a hot cooling system can blow out and burn you badly. Never turn the cap when the cooling system, including the surge tank pressure cap, is hot. Wait for the cooling system and surge tank pressure cap to cool.
{ Warning
Adding only plain water or some other liquid to the cooling system can be dangerous. Plain water and other liquids, can boil before the proper coolant mixture will. The coolant warning system is set for the proper coolant mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture, the engine could get too hot but you would not get the overheat warning. The engine
(Continued)
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Warning (Continued)
could catch fire and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/ 50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant.
{ Caution
In cold weather, water can freeze and crack the engine, radiator, heater core, and other parts. Use the recommended coolant and the proper coolant mixture.
{ Warning
You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts. Coolant contains ethylene glycol and it will burn if the engine parts are hot enough. Do not spill coolant on a hot engine.
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Vehicle Care
1. Remove the coolant surge tank pressure cap when the cooling system, including the coolant surge tank pressure cap and upper radiator hose, is no longer hot. Turn the pressure cap slowly counterclockwise about one-quarter of a turn. If you hear a hiss, wait for that to stop. This will allow any pressure still left to be vented out the discharge hose.
2. Keep turning the pressure cap
slowly and remove it.
3. Fill the coolant surge tank with the proper DEX-COOL coolant mixture to the indicated level mark.
4. With the coolant surge tank
pressure cap off, start the engine and let it run until you can feel the upper radiator hose getting hot. Watch out for the engine cooling fan. By this time, the coolant level inside the coolant surge tank may be lower. If the level is lower, add more of the proper DEX-COOL coolant mixture to the coolant surge tank until the level reaches the indicated level mark.
5. Reinstall the pressure cap
tightly.
{ Caution
If the pressure cap is not tightly installed, coolant loss and possible engine damage may occur. Be sure the cap is properly and tightly secured.
Check the level in the coolant surge tank when the cooling system has cooled down. If the coolant is not at the proper level, repeat Steps 1– 3 and reinstall the pressure cap. If the coolant still is not at the proper level when the system cools down again, see your dealer.
Engine Overheating The vehicle has an indicator to warn of the engine overheating. See Engine Coolant Temperature Warning Light on page 5-18. If the decision is made not to lift the hood when this warning appears, get service help right away. See Roadside Assistance Program on page 13-5. If the decision is made to lift the hood, make sure the vehicle is parked on a level surface. Then check to see if the engine cooling fan is running. If the engine is overheating, the fan should be
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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running. If it is not, do not continue to run the engine. Have the vehicle serviced.
{ Caution
Running the engine without coolant may cause damage or a fire. Vehicle damage would not be covered by the vehicle warranty.
If Steam Is Coming from the Engine Compartment { Warning
Steam from an overheated engine can burn you badly, even if you just open the hood. Stay away from the engine if you see or hear steam coming from it. Just turn it off and get everyone away from the vehicle until it cools down.
(Continued)
Warning (Continued)
Wait until there is no sign of steam or coolant before you open the hood. If you keep driving when the engine is overheated, the liquids in it can catch fire. You or others could be badly burned. Stop the engine if it overheats, and get out of the vehicle until the engine is cool.
If No Steam Is Coming from the Engine Compartment If an engine overheat warning is displayed but no steam can be seen or heard, the problem may not be too serious. Sometimes the engine can get a little too hot when the vehicle: . Climbs a long hill on a hot day. . Stops after high-speed driving. Idles for long periods in traffic.
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If the overheat warning is displayed with no sign of steam: 1. Turn the air conditioning off. 2. Turn the heater on to the highest
temperature and to the highest fan speed. Open the windows as necessary.
3. When it is safe to do so, pull off
the road, shift to P (Park) or N (Neutral) for an automatic transmission or Neutral for a manual transmission, and let the engine idle.
If the overheat warning no longer displays, the vehicle can be driven. Continue to drive the vehicle slowly for about 10 minutes. Keep a safe vehicle distance from the vehicle in front. If the warning does not come back on, continue to drive normally and have the cooling system checked for proper fill and function. If the warning continues, pull over, stop, and park the vehicle right away.
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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Vehicle Care
If there is no sign of steam, idle the engine for three minutes while parked. If the warning is still displayed, turn off the engine until it cools down.
Open the cap with the washer symbol on it. Add washer fluid until the tank is full. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10-6 for reservoir location.
Washer Fluid
What to Use When windshield washer fluid is needed, be sure to read the manufacturer's instructions before use. If operating the vehicle in an area where the temperature may fall below freezing, use a fluid that has sufficient protection against freezing. Adding Washer Fluid
{ Caution
. Do not use engine coolant
(antifreeze) in the windshield washer. It can damage the windshield washer system and paint.
. Do not mix water with
ready-to-use washer fluid. Water can cause the solution to freeze and damage the washer fluid tank and other parts of the washer system.
. When using concentrated
washer fluid, follow the manufacturer instructions for adding water.
. Fill the washer fluid tank only
three-quarters full when it is very cold. This allows for fluid (Continued)
Caution (Continued)
expansion if freezing occurs, which could damage the tank if it is completely full.
Brakes This vehicle has disc brakes. Disc brake pads have built-in wear indicators that make a high-pitched warning sound when the brake pads are worn and new pads are needed. The sound can come and go or be heard all the time when the vehicle is moving, except when applying the brake pedal firmly.
{ Warning
The brake wear warning sound means that soon the brakes will not work well. That could lead to a crash. When the brake wear warning sound is heard, have the vehicle serviced.
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
Black plate (19,1)
{ Caution
Continuing to drive with worn-out brake pads could result in costly brake repair.
Some driving conditions or climates can cause a brake squeal when the brakes are first applied or lightly applied. This does not mean something is wrong with the brakes. Properly torqued wheel nuts are necessary to help prevent brake pulsation. When tires are rotated, inspect brake pads for wear and evenly tighten wheel nuts in the proper sequence to torque specifications. See Capacities and Specifications on page 12-2. Brake pads should be replaced as complete sets. Brake Pedal Travel See your dealer if the brake pedal does not return to normal height, or if there is a rapid increase in
pedal travel. This could be a sign that brake service might be required. Brake Adjustment Every time the brakes are applied, with or without the vehicle moving, the brakes adjust for wear. Replacing Brake System Parts The braking system on a vehicle is complex. Its many parts have to be of top quality and work well together if the vehicle is to have really good braking. The vehicle was designed and tested with top-quality brake parts. When parts of the braking system are replaced, be sure to get new, approved replacement parts. If this is not done, the brakes might not work properly. For example, installing disc brake pads that are wrong for the vehicle, can change the balance between the front and rear brakes — for the worse. The braking performance expected can
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10-19
change in many other ways if the wrong replacement brake parts are installed.
Brake Fluid
The brake/clutch master cylinder reservoir is filled with DOT 4 brake fluid as indicated on the reservoir cap. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10-6 for the location of the reservoir. There are only two reasons why the brake fluid level in the reservoir might go down:
The brake fluid level goes down because of normal brake lining wear. When new linings are installed, the fluid level goes back up.
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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Vehicle Care
. A fluid leak in the brake/clutch
hydraulic system can also cause a low fluid level. Have the brake/ clutch hydraulic system fixed, since a leak means that sooner or later the brakes will not work well.
Do not top off the brake/clutch fluid. Adding fluid does not correct a leak. If fluid is added when the linings are worn, there will be too much fluid when new brake linings are installed. Add or remove fluid, as necessary, only when work is done on the brake/clutch hydraulic system.
{ Warning
If too much brake fluid is added, it can spill on the engine and burn, if the engine is hot enough. You or others could be burned, and the vehicle could be damaged. Add brake fluid only when work is done on the brake/clutch hydraulic system.
Checking Brake Fluid The brake/clutch fluid can be checked without taking off the cap by looking at the brake/clutch fluid reservoir. The fluid level should be above MIN. If it is not, have the brake/ clutch hydraulic system checked to see if there is a leak. After work is done on the brake/ clutch hydraulic system, make sure the level is above MIN but not over the MAX mark. When the brake/clutch fluid falls to a low level, the brake warning light comes on. See Brake System Warning Light on page 5-15.
What to Add Use only new DOT 4 brake fluid from a sealed container. It is recommended that the brake/clutch hydraulic system be flushed and refilled with new DOT 4 fluid at a regular maintenance service every two years. See Maintenance Schedule on page 11-2 and Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11-12. Always clean the brake/clutch fluid reservoir cap and the area around the cap before removing it. This helps keep dirt from entering the reservoir.
{ Warning
With the wrong kind of fluid in the brake/clutch hydraulic system, the brakes might not work well. This could cause a crash. Always use the proper brake/clutch fluid.
Chevrolet Spark Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-5853490) - 2014 - crc - 9/3/13
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Battery Refer to the replacement number shown on the original battery label when a new battery is needed. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10-6 for battery location.
{ Warning
Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling.
{ Caution
. Using the wrong fluid can
badly damage brake/clutch hydraulic system parts. For example, just a few drops of mineral-based oil, such as engine oil, in the brake hydraulic system can damage
