2016 Chevrolet Equinox Owners Manual

Caution

If improper coolant mixture, inhibitors, or additives are used in the vehicle cooling system, the engine could overheat and be damaged. Too much water in the mixture can freeze and crack engine cooling parts. The repairs

(Continued)

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211

Caution (Continued)

would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Use only the proper mixture of engine coolant for the cooling system. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants 0 282

ii

Never dispose of engine coolant by putting it in the trash, pouring it on the ground, or into sewers, streams, or bodies of water. Have the coolant changed by an authorized service center, familiar with legal requirements regarding used coolant disposal. This will help protect the environment and your health. Checking Coolant The vehicle must be on a level surface when checking the coolant level. Check to see if coolant is visible in the coolant surge tank. If the coolant inside the coolant surge tank is boiling, do not do anything else until it cools down. If coolant is visible

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but the coolant level is not at or above the COLD FILL line, add a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant at the coolant surge tank, but be sure the cooling system is cool before this is done. See Engine Overheating 0 214
The coolant surge tank is in the engine compartment on the driver side of the vehicle. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 201
How to Add Coolant to the Coolant Surge Tank

ii

ii

Caution

This vehicle has a specific coolant fill procedure. Failure to follow this procedure could cause the engine to overheat and be severely damaged.

If you have not found a problem yet, check to see if coolant is visible in the coolant surge tank. If coolant is visible but the coolant level is not at the COLD FILL line, add a 50/ 50 mixture of clean, drinkable water

and DEX-COOL coolant at the coolant surge tank, but be sure the cooling system, including the coolant surge tank pressure cap, is cool before you do it. See Engine Overheating 0 214
information.

for more

ii

{ Warning

Steam and scalding liquids from a hot cooling system can blow out and burn you badly. They are under pressure, and if you turn the coolant surge tank pressure cap — even a little — they can come out at high speed. Never turn the cap when the cooling system, including the coolant surge tank pressure cap, is hot. Wait for the cooling system and coolant surge tank pressure cap to cool if you ever have to turn the pressure cap.

{ Warning

Adding only plain water or some other liquid to the cooling system can be dangerous. Plain water and other liquids, can boil before the proper coolant mixture will. The coolant warning system is set for the proper coolant mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture, the engine could get too hot but you would not get the overheat warning. The engine could catch fire and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/ 50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant.

{ Warning

You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts. Coolant contains ethylene glycol and it will burn if the engine parts are hot enough. Do not spill coolant on a hot engine.

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Caution

2. Keep turning the pressure cap

slowly, and remove it.

In cold weather, water can freeze and crack the engine, radiator, heater core, and other parts. Use the recommended coolant and the proper coolant mixture.

1. Remove the coolant surge tank pressure cap when the cooling system, including the coolant surge tank pressure cap and upper radiator hose, is no longer hot. Turn the pressure cap slowly counterclockwise about one-quarter of a turn. If you hear a hiss, wait for that to stop. This will allow any pressure still left to be vented out the discharge hose.

3. Fill the coolant surge tank with the proper DEX-COOL coolant mixture, to the COLD FILL line.

4. With the coolant surge tank

pressure cap off, start the engine and let it run until the upper radiator hose can be felt getting hot. Watch out for the engine cooling fan(s). By this time, the coolant level inside the coolant surge tank may be lower. If the level is lower, add more of the proper DEX-COOL coolant mixture to

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213

the coolant surge tank until the level reaches the COLD FILL line.

5. Replace the pressure cap. Be

sure the pressure cap is hand-tight.

Caution

If the pressure cap is not tightly installed, coolant loss and possible engine damage may occur. Be sure the cap is properly and tightly secured.

Check the level in the coolant surge tank when the cooling system has cooled down. If the coolant is not at the proper level, repeat Steps 1-3 and reinstall the pressure cap. If the coolant still is not at the proper level when the system cools down again, see your dealer.

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Engine Overheating The vehicle has an indicator to warn of engine overheating. There is an engine coolant temperature warning light on the vehicle's instrument panel. See Engine Coolant Temperature Gauge 0 100
The decision may be made not to lift the hood when this warning appears, but instead get service help right away. See Roadside Assistance Program 0 293
If the decision to lift the hood is made, make sure the vehicle is parked on a level surface. Then check to see if the engine cooling fan(s) are running. If the engine is overheating, the fan(s) should be running. If they are not, do not continue to run the engine and have the vehicle serviced.

ii

Caution

Running the engine without coolant may cause damage or a fire. Vehicle damage would not be covered by the vehicle warranty.

If Steam is Coming from the Engine Compartment { Warning

Steam from an overheated engine can burn you badly, even if you just open the hood. Stay away from the engine if you see or hear steam coming from it. Just turn it off and get everyone away from the vehicle until it cools down. Wait until there is no sign of steam or coolant before you open the hood. If you keep driving when the engine is overheated, the liquids in it can catch fire. You or others could be badly burned. Stop the engine if it overheats, and get out of the vehicle until the engine is cool.

If No Steam is Coming from the Engine Compartment If an engine overheat warning is displayed but no steam can be seen or heard, the problem may not be

too serious. Sometimes the engine can get a little too hot when the vehicle: . Climbs a long hill on a hot day. . Stops after high-speed driving. Idles for long periods in traffic. . Tows a trailer. If the overheat warning is displayed with no sign of steam: 1. Turn the air conditioning off. 2. Turn the heater on to the

highest temperature and to the highest fan speed. Open the windows as necessary.

3. When it is safe to do so, pull off

the road, shift to P (Park) or N (Neutral) and let the engine idle.

If the temperature overheat gauge is no longer in the overheat zone or an overheat warning no longer displays, the vehicle can be driven. Continue to drive the vehicle slowly for about 10 minutes. Keep a safe vehicle distance from the vehicle in front. If the warning does not come

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back on, continue to drive normally and have the cooling system checked for proper fill and function. If the warning continues, pull over, stop, and park the vehicle right away. If there is no sign of steam, idle the engine for three minutes while parked. If the warning is still displayed, turn off the engine until it cools down.

Power Steering Fluid (2.4L L4 Engine) The vehicle has electric power steering and does not use power steering fluid.

Power Steering Fluid (3.6L V6 Engine)

ii

for reservoir location.

The power steering fluid reservoir is located toward the rear of the engine compartment on the passenger side of the vehicle. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 201
When to Check Power Steering Fluid The power steering fluid does not need to be checked unless there is a leak in the system or you hear an unusual noise. Have the system inspected and repaired if there is a fluid loss. How to Check Power Steering Fluid To check the power steering fluid: 1. Turn the engine off and let it

cool down.

2. Remove the engine cover.

Refer to Engine Cover 0 204

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3. Wipe the cap and the top of the

reservoir clean.

4. Unscrew the cap and wipe the

dipstick with a clean rag.

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215

5. Replace the cap and completely tighten it.

6. Remove the cap again and look at the fluid level on the dipstick.

The fluid level should be between MAX and MIN line at room temperature. If the fluid is on or below MIN line, add fluid. What to Use To determine what kind of fluid to use, refer to Recommended Fluids . Always use and Lubricants 0 282
the proper fluid.

ii

Caution

Use of the incorrect fluid may damage the vehicle and the damages may not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Always use the correct fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants 0 282

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Washer Fluid

What to Use When windshield washer fluid is needed, be sure to read the manufacturer's instructions before use. If operating the vehicle in an area where the temperature may fall below freezing, use a fluid that has sufficient protection against freezing. Adding Washer Fluid

Open the cap with the washer symbol on it. Add washer fluid until the tank is full. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 201
reservoir location.

for

ii

Caution

Caution (Continued)

. Do not use washer fluid that

contains any type of water repellent coating. This can cause the wiper blades to chatter or skip.

. Do not use engine coolant

(antifreeze) in the windshield washer. It can damage the windshield washer system and paint.

. Do not mix water with

ready-to-use washer fluid. Water can cause the solution to freeze and damage the washer fluid tank and other parts of the washer system.

. When using concentrated

washer fluid, follow the manufacturer instructions for adding water.

. Fill the washer fluid tank

only three-quarters full when it is very cold. This allows for fluid expansion if

(Continued)

freezing occurs, which could damage the tank if it is completely full.

Brakes Disc brake pads have built-in wear indicators that make a high-pitched warning sound when the brake pads are worn and new pads are needed. The sound can come and go or can be heard all the time when the vehicle is moving, except when applying the brake pedal firmly.

{ Warning

The brake wear warning sound means that soon the brakes will not work well. That could lead to a crash. When the brake wear warning sound is heard, have the vehicle serviced.

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Caution

Continuing to drive with worn-out brake pads could result in costly brake repair.

Some driving conditions or climates can cause a brake squeal when the brakes are first applied or lightly applied. This does not mean something is wrong with the brakes. Properly torqued wheel nuts are necessary to help prevent brake pulsation. When tires are rotated, inspect brake pads for wear and evenly tighten wheel nuts in the proper sequence to torque specifications. See Capacities and Specifications 0 286
Brake pads should be replaced as complete sets. Brake Pedal Travel See your dealer if the brake pedal does not return to normal height, or if there is a rapid increase in pedal travel. This could be a sign that brake service may be required.

ii

Replacing Brake System Parts Always replace brake system parts with new, approved replacement parts. If this is not done, the brakes may not work properly. The braking performance expected can change in many other ways if the wrong replacement brake parts are installed or if parts are improperly installed.

Brake Fluid

The brake master cylinder reservoir is filled with GM approved DOT 3
brake fluid as indicated on the reservoir cap. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 201
the location of the reservoir.

for

ii

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217

Checking Brake Fluid With the vehicle in P (Park) on a level surface, the brake fluid level should be between the minimum and maximum marks on the brake fluid reservoir. There are only two reasons why the brake fluid level in the reservoir may go down: . Normal brake lining wear. When

new linings are installed, the fluid level goes back up. . A fluid leak in the brake

hydraulic system. Have the brake hydraulic system fixed. With a leak, the brakes will not work well.

Always clean the brake fluid reservoir cap and the area around the cap before removing it. Do not top off the brake fluid. Adding fluid does not correct a leak. If fluid is added when the linings are worn, there will be too much fluid when new brake linings are installed. Add or remove fluid, as necessary, only when work is done on the brake hydraulic system.

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{ Warning

{ Warning

If too much brake fluid is added, it can spill on the engine and burn, if the engine is hot enough. You or others could be burned, and the vehicle could be damaged. Add brake fluid only when work is done on the brake hydraulic system.

ii

When the brake fluid falls to a low level, the brake warning light comes on. See Brake System Warning Light 0 105
Brake fluid absorbs water over time which degrades the effectiveness of the brake fluid. Replace brake fluid at the specified intervals to prevent increased stopping distance. See Maintenance Schedule 0 273

ii

What to Add Use only GM approved DOT 3
brake fluid from a clean, sealed container. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants 0 282

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The wrong or contaminated brake fluid could result in damage to the brake system. This could result in the loss of braking leading to a possible injury. Always use the proper GM approved brake fluid.

Caution

If brake fluid is spilled on the vehicle's painted surfaces, the paint finish can be damaged. Immediately wash off any painted surface.

Battery - North America The original equipment battery is maintenance free. Do not remove the cap and do not add fluid. Refer to the replacement number shown on the original battery label when a new battery is needed. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 201

for battery location.

ii

{ Warning WARNING: Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. Batteries also contain other chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer. WASH HANDS AFTER HANDLING. See California Proposition 65 Warning 0 198

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Vehicle Storage

{ Warning

Batteries have acid that can burn you and gas that can explode. You can be badly hurt if you are not careful. See Jump Starting - for tips on North America 0 257
working around a battery without getting hurt.

ii

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Infrequent Usage: Remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery to keep the battery from running down. Extended Storage: Remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery or use a battery trickle charger.

All-Wheel Drive

Transfer Case Under normal driving conditions, transfer case fluid does not require maintenance unless there is a fluid leak or unusual noise. If required, have the transfer case serviced by your dealer.

Starter Switch Check

{ Warning When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.

1. Before starting this check, be

1. Before starting this check, be

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219

sure there is enough room around the vehicle.

2. Apply both the parking brake

and the regular brake. Do not use the accelerator pedal, and be ready to turn off the engine immediately if it starts.

3. Try to start the engine in each gear. The vehicle should start only in P (Park) or N (Neutral). If the vehicle starts in any other position, contact your dealer for service.

Automatic Transmission Shift Lock Control Function Check

{ Warning When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.

sure there is enough room around the vehicle. It should be parked on a level surface.

2. Apply the parking brake. Be

ready to apply the regular brake immediately if the vehicle begins to move.

3. With the engine off, turn the

ignition on, but do not start the engine. Without applying the regular brake, try to move the shift lever out of P (Park) with normal effort. If the shift lever moves out of P (Park), contact your dealer for service.

Ignition Transmission Lock Check While parked and with the parking brake set, try to turn the ignition to LOCK/OFF in each shift lever position. . The ignition should turn to

LOCK/OFF only when the shift lever is in P (Park).

. The ignition key should come

out only in LOCK/OFF.

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Vehicle Care

Contact your dealer if service is required.

Park Brake and P (Park) Mechanism Check { Warning

When you are doing this check, the vehicle could begin to move. You or others could be injured and property could be damaged. Make sure there is room in front of the vehicle in case it begins to roll. Be ready to apply the regular brake at once should the vehicle begin to move.

Park on a fairly steep hill, with the vehicle facing downhill. Keeping your foot on the regular brake, set the parking brake. . To check the parking brake's

holding ability: With the engine running and the transmission in N (Neutral), slowly remove foot pressure from the regular brake pedal. Do this until the vehicle is held by the parking brake only.

. To check the P (Park)

mechanism's holding ability: With the engine running, shift to P (Park). Then release the parking brake followed by the regular brake.

Contact your dealer if service is required.

Wiper Blade Replacement Windshield wiper blades should be inspected for wear and cracking. See Maintenance Schedule 0 273
Replacement blades come in different types and are removed in different ways. For proper type and length, see Maintenance Replacement Parts 0 283

ii

Caution (Continued)

the vehicle warranty. Do not allow the wiper arm to touch the windshield.

Front Wiper Blade Replacement To replace the front wiper blades: 1. Lift the wiper arm from the windshield until no further movement is possible.

ii

Caution

Allowing the wiper arm to touch the windshield when no wiper blade is installed could damage the windshield. Any damage that occurs would not be covered by

(Continued)

2. Press the square button on the

top side, at the end of the wiper arm, and pull the wiper blade out of the end of the wiper arm. Install the wiper blade connector by sliding into the end of the wiper arm until the

3.

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square button on the wiper blade clicks into place with the wiper arm.

4. Place the wiper arm with the wiper blade in place back on the windshield.

Rear Wiper Blade Replacement The rear wiper blade and wiper arm have a cover for protection. The cover must be removed before the wiper blade can be replaced. To remove the cover:

4. After wiper blade replacement, ensure that cover hook slides into the slot in the blade assembly.

5. Snap the cover down to

secure.

To replace the wiper blade: 1. Lift the wiper arm away from

the windshield.

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221

Headlamp Aiming Headlamp aim has been preset and should need no further adjustment. If the vehicle is damaged in a crash, the headlamp aim may be affected. If adjustment to the headlamps is necessary, see your dealer.

1. Slide a plastic tool under the

cover and push upward to unsnap.

2. Slide the cover toward the wiper blade tip to unhook it from the blade assembly.

3. Remove the cover.

2. Push the release lever (2) to

disengage the hook and push the wiper arm (1) out of the blade assembly (3).

3. Push the new blade assembly securely on the wiper arm until the release lever clicks into place.

4. Replace the wiper cover.

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Vehicle Care

Bulb Replacement For the proper type of replacement bulbs, see Replacement Bulbs 0 224
For any bulb changing procedure not listed in this section, contact your dealer.

ii

Halogen Bulbs

{ Warning

Halogen bulbs have pressurized gas inside and can burst if you drop or scratch the bulb. You or others could be injured. Be sure to read and follow the instructions on the bulb package.

Fog Lamps To replace one of these bulbs:

Taillamps, Turn Signal, Sidemarker, Stoplamps, and Back-Up Lamps

1. Locate the fog lamp assembly

under the front fascia.

2. Remove the bulb from the lamp

assembly by turning it counterclockwise and pulling straight out.

3. Disconnect the electrical

connector.

4. Reverse Steps 2 and 3 for

assembly.

1. Stoplamp/Turn Signal Lamp/

Taillamp

2. Sidemarker 3. Back-up Lamp

To replace one of these lamps: 1. Open the liftgate. See Liftgate

0 32

ii

2. Remove the two screw covers

from the taillamp assembly.

3. Remove the two screws

securing the taillamp assembly.

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4. Pull the taillamp assembly out

of the vehicle body.

5. Disconnect the lamp wiring

harness.

6. Turn the bulb socket

counterclockwise and pull it out.

7. Pull the bulb straight out of the

socket. Install the new bulb.

8. 9. Push the bulb socket in and

turn it clockwise.

10. Reverse steps 2–5 to reinstall

the lamp assembly.

License Plate Lamp

Lamp Assembly

Bulb Assembly

1. Bulb Socket

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223

2. Bulb 3. Lamp Assembly

To replace one of these bulbs: 1. Open the liftgate partway. See

Liftgate 0 32

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2. Push the left end of the lamp

assembly toward the right.

3. Pull the lamp assembly down to remove it from the liftgate.

4. Turn the bulb socket (1)

counterclockwise to remove it from the lamp assembly (3).

5. Pull the bulb (2) straight out of

the bulb socket (1).

6. Push the replacement bulb straight into the bulb socket and turn the bulb socket clockwise to install it into the lamp assembly.

7. Push the lamp assembly into the liftgate engaging the clip side first.

8. Push on the lamp side opposite the clip until the lamp assembly snaps into place.

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Vehicle Care

Replacement Bulbs

Electrical System

Exterior Lamp

Back-Up Lamp Fog Lamp Front License Plate Lamp Sidemarker Rear Taillamp/Turn Signal Lamp/Stop Lamp

Bulb

Number

921
H8LL

W5WLL

194

3157K RD

For replacement bulbs not listed here, contact your dealer.

Fuses The wiring circuits in the vehicle are protected from short circuits by fuses. This greatly reduces the chance of damage caused by electrical problems. Look at the silver-colored band inside the fuse. If the band is broken or melted, replace the fuse. Be sure to replace a bad fuse with a new one of the identical size and rating. Replace a bad fuse with a new one of the identical size and rating. If there is a problem on the road and a fuse needs to be replaced, the same amperage fuse can be borrowed. Choose some feature of the vehicle that is not needed to use and replace it as soon as possible. There are two fuse blocks in the vehicle: one in the engine compartment and one in the instrument panel.

There is a fuse puller located in the engine compartment fuse block. See Engine Compartment Fuse Block 0 224
easily remove fuses from the fuse block.

. It can be used to

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Engine Compartment Fuse Block

To remove the fuse block cover, squeeze the clips on the cover and lift it straight up. See Engine Compartment Overview 0 201

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Caution

Spilling liquid on any electrical component on the vehicle may damage it. Always keep the covers on any electrical component.

The vehicle may not be equipped with all of the fuses, relays, and features shown.

J-Case Fuses

Usage

Cool Fan 1
Cool Fan 2
Brake Booster

J-Case Fuses

Usage

Power Windows – Right Memory Seat Module Power Seat – Left Instrument Panel Fuse Block 1

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Vehicle Care

J-Case Fuses

10
11

12
13

14

15

16

77

Mini Fuses

17

18

Usage

Mini Fuses

Usage

Mini Fuses

Rear Defogger Starter AIR Pump Motor Instrument Panel Fuse Block 2
Sunroof Antilock Brake System Pump Instrument Panel Fuse Block 3
Power Windows – Left Antilock Brake System Module Power Seat – Right

Usage Transmission Control Module Battery Trailer Parking Light

19
20

21
22

23
24
25

26

27

28

29
30
31

32

AIR Pump Solenoid Engine Control Module Battery Canister Vent Trailer Left Side (If Equipped) Liftgate Module Power Lumbar Trailer Right Side (If Equipped) Rear Accessory Power Outlet Memory Mirror Module Regulated Voltage Control Battery Sensor Front Wiper Rear Wiper Air Conditioning Compressor Rear Latch

33
34
35

36

37
38
39
40
41

42

43

44

45

Usage Heated Mirrors Horn Right High-Beam Headlamp Left High-Beam Headlamp Ignition Even Coil Ignition Odd Coil Windshield Washer Front Fog Lamps Post Catalytic Converter Oxygen Sensor Engine Control Module Pre–Catalytic Converter Oxygen Sensor Transmission Control Module Mirror

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Mini Fuses

Usage

46

47
48
49

50

51
52

53

54
78

Fuel System Control Module Ignition Spare Rear Drive Module Lift Gate Module Logic Instrument Panel Fuse Block Ignition Heated Seat– Front Fuel System Control Module Engine Control Module Rear Vision Camera Passenger Power Lumbar

Midi Fuse

55

Usage Electric Power Steering

Micro Relays

Usage

Instrument Panel Fuse Block

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227

56
57
58
59

60
61

62

63
64
65
66
67
68

AIR Pump Solenoid Brake Booster Cooling Fan Low Headlamp High Beam Cooling Fan Control Wiper On/Off Control Air Conditioning Compressor Rear Defogger Wiper Speed Fog Lamp Engine Control Starter Run/Crank

Mini Relays

Usage

69
70

Cooling Fan High AIR Pump Motor

The instrument panel fuse block is located on the passenger side panel of the center console. To access the fuses, open the fuse panel door from the passenger side by pulling it out. To reinstall the door, insert the tabs on the top of the door into the console first, then push the door back into its original location. The vehicle may not be equipped with all of the fuses, relays, and features shown.

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Vehicle Care

Mini Fuses

Usage

Mini Fuses

Usage

10
11

12

13

Steering Wheel Dimming Spare Spare Body Control Module 1
Infotainment Body Control Module 7
Noise Control Module Body Control Module 4
Radio Spare Rear Parking Assist Module Heater, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning Battery Auxiliary Power Front

14

15
16

17

18

19

20

21
22

23
24
25

Heater, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Ignition Display Body Control Module 5
Auxiliary Power Rear Instrument Panel Ignition Universal Garage Door Opener Body Control Module 6
Spare Sensing and Diagnostic Module Ignition Front Camera Spare Transmission Gear Shift Position Indicator

Instrument Panel Fuse Block

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Mini Fuses

Usage

26
27
28
30

31
32

33

34

35

36
37

38

39

Spare Spare Spare Body Control Module 3
Amplifier Discrete Logic Ignition Switch Communications Integration Module Body Control Module 2
Sensing and Diagnostic Module Battery Data Link Connector Instrument Panel Battery Passenger Sensing System Module Spare

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Usage

Wheels and Tires

J-Case Fuses

29
40

Front Blower Motor Body Control Module 8

Relays

Usage

41

42

Logistic Relay (If Equipped) Retained Accessory Power Relay

Tires Every new GM vehicle has high-quality tires made by a leading tire manufacturer. See the warranty manual for information regarding the tire warranty and where to get service. For additional information refer to the tire manufacturer.

{ Warning

. Poorly maintained and

improperly used tires are dangerous.

. Overloading the tires can

cause overheating as a result of too much flexing. There could be a blowout and a serious crash. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 156

ii

(Continued)

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Vehicle Care

Warning (Continued)

Warning (Continued)

. Underinflated tires pose

. Replace any tires that

the same danger as overloaded tires. The resulting crash could cause serious injury. Check all tires frequently to maintain the recommended pressure. Tire pressure should be checked when the tires are cold.

. Overinflated tires are more likely to be cut, punctured, or broken by a sudden impact — such as when hitting a pothole. Keep tires at the recommended pressure.

. Worn or old tires can cause a crash. If the tread is badly worn, replace them.

(Continued)

have been damaged by impacts with potholes, curbs, etc. Improperly repaired tires can cause a crash. Only the dealer or an authorized tire service center should repair, replace, dismount, and mount the tires.

. Do not spin the tires in

excess of 56 km/h (35 mph) on slippery surfaces such as snow, mud, ice, etc. Excessive spinning may cause the tires to explode.

All-Season Tires This vehicle may come with all-season tires. These tires are designed to provide good overall performance on most road surfaces

and weather conditions. Original equipment tires designed to GM's specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall. Original equipment all-season tires can be identified by the last two characters of this TPC code, which will be “MS.” Consider installing winter tires on the vehicle if frequent driving on snow or ice-covered roads is expected. All-season tires provide adequate performance for most winter driving conditions, but they may not offer the same level of traction or performance as winter tires on snow or ice-covered roads. See Winter Tires 0 230

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Winter Tires This vehicle was not originally equipped with winter tires. Winter tires are designed for increased traction on snow and ice-covered roads. Consider installing winter tires on the vehicle if frequent driving on ice or snow covered roads is expected. See your dealer

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for details regarding winter tire availability and proper tire selection. Also, see Buying New Tires 0 244
With winter tires, there may be decreased dry road traction, increased road noise, and shorter tread life. After changing to winter tires, be alert for changes in vehicle handling and braking. If using winter tires: . Use tires of the same brand and

tread type on all four wheel positions.

. Use only radial ply tires of the

same size, load range, and speed rating as the original equipment tires.

Winter tires with the same speed rating as the original equipment tires may not be available for H, V, W, Y, and ZR speed rated tires. If winter tires with a lower speed rating are chosen, never exceed the tire's maximum speed capability.

Summer Tires This vehicle may come with high performance summer tires. These tires have a special tread and compound that are optimized for maximum dry and wet road performance. This special tread and compound will have decreased performance in cold climates, and on ice and snow. It is recommended that winter tires be installed on the vehicle if frequent driving at temperatures below approximately 5 °C (40 °F) or on ice or snow covered roads is expected. See Winter Tires 0 230

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Caution

High performance summer tires have rubber compounds that lose flexibility and may develop surface cracks in the tread area at temperatures below −7 °C (20 ° F). Always store high performance summer tires indoors and at temperatures above −7 °C (20 °F) when not in

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Caution (Continued)

use. If the tires have been subjected to −7 °C (20 °F) or less, let them warm up in a heated space to at least 5 °C (40 °F) for 24 hours or more before being installed or driving a vehicle on which they are installed. Do not apply heat or blow heated air directly on the tires. Always inspect tires before use. See Tire Inspection 0 242

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Tire Sidewall Labeling Useful information about a tire is molded into its sidewall. The examples show a typical passenger vehicle tire and a compact spare tire sidewall.

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GM's TPC specifications meet or exceed all federal safety guidelines. (3) DOT (Department of Transportation) : The Department of Transportation (DOT) code indicates that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. DOT Tire Date of Manufacture : The last four digits of the TIN indicate the tire manufactured date. The first two digits represent the week (01– 52) and the last two digits, the year. For example, the third week of the year 2010 would have a four-digit DOT date of 0310. (4) Tire Identification Number (TIN) : The letters and numbers following the DOT (Department of Transportation) code are the Tire Identification Number (TIN). The TIN shows the

Passenger (P-Metric) Tire Example (1) Tire Size : The tire size is a combination of letters and numbers used to define a particular tire's width, height, aspect ratio, construction type, and service description. See the “Tire Size” illustration later in this section. (2) TPC Spec (Tire Performance Criteria Specification) : Original equipment tires designed to GM's specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall.

manufacturer and plant code, tire size, and date the tire was manufactured. The TIN is molded onto both sides of the tire, although only one side may have the date of manufacture. (5) Tire Ply Material : The type of cord and number of plies in the sidewall and under the tread. (6) Uniform Tire Quality Grading (UTQG) : Tire manufacturers are required to grade tires based on three performance factors: treadwear, traction, and temperature resistance. For more information see Uniform Tire Quality Grading 0 246
(7) Maximum Cold Inflation Load Limit : Maximum load that can be carried and the maximum pressure needed to support that load.

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construction type, and service description. The letter T as the first character in the tire size means the tire is for temporary use only. (7) TPC Spec (Tire Performance Criteria Specification) : Original equipment tires designed to GM's specific tire performance criteria have a TPC specification code molded onto the sidewall. GM's TPC specifications meet or exceed all federal safety guidelines.

Tire Designations

Tire Size The following is an example of a typical passenger vehicle tire size.

(3) Tire Identification Number (TIN) : The letters and numbers following the DOT (Department of Transportation) code are the Tire Identification Number (TIN). The TIN shows the manufacturer and plant code, tire size, and date the tire was manufactured. The TIN is molded onto both sides of the tire, although only one side may have the date of manufacture. (4) Maximum Cold Inflation Load Limit : Maximum load that can be carried and the maximum pressure needed to support that load. (5) Tire Inflation : The temporary use tire or compact spare tire should be inflated to 420 kPa (60 psi). For more information on tire pressure and inflation see Tire Pressure 0 237
(6) Tire Size : A combination of letters and numbers define a tire's width, height, aspect ratio,

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Compact Spare Tire Example (1) Tire Ply Material : The type of cord and number of plies in the sidewall and under the tread. (2) Temporary Use Only : The compact spare tire or temporary use tire should not be driven at speeds over 80 km/h (50 mph). The compact spare tire is for emergency use when a regular road tire has lost air and gone flat. If the vehicle has a compact spare tire, see Compact Spare Tire 0 256
Flat 0 249

and If a Tire Goes

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(1) Passenger (P-Metric) Tire : The United States version of a metric tire sizing system. The letter P as the first character in the tire size means a passenger vehicle tire engineered to standards set by the U.S. Tire and Rim Association. (2) Tire Width : The three-digit number indicates the tire section width in millimeters from sidewall to sidewall. (3) Aspect Ratio : A two-digit number that indicates the tire height-to-width measurements. For example, if the tire size aspect ratio is 60, as shown in item 3 of the illustration, it would mean that the tire's sidewall is 60 percent as high as it is wide.

(4) Construction Code : A letter code is used to indicate the type of ply construction in the tire. The letter R means radial ply construction; the letter D means diagonal or bias ply construction; and the letter B means belted-bias ply construction. (5) Rim Diameter : Diameter of the wheel in inches. (6) Service Description : These characters represent the load index and speed rating of the tire. The load index represents the load carrying capacity a tire is certified to carry. The speed rating is the maximum speed a tire is certified to carry a load.

Tire Terminology and Definitions Air Pressure : The amount of air inside the tire pressing outward on each square inch of

the tire. Air pressure is expressed in kPa (kilopascal) or psi (pounds per square inch). Accessory Weight : The combined weight of optional accessories. Some examples of optional accessories are automatic transmission, power windows, power seats, and air conditioning. Aspect Ratio : The relationship of a tire's height to its width. Belt : A rubber coated layer of cords between the plies and the tread. Cords may be made from steel or other reinforcing materials. Bead : The tire bead contains steel wires wrapped by steel cords that hold the tire onto the rim. Bias Ply Tire : A pneumatic tire in which the plies are laid at alternate angles less than 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread.

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Cold Tire Pressure : The amount of air pressure in a tire, measured in kPa (kilopascal) or psi (pounds per square inch) before a tire has built up heat from driving. See Tire Pressure 0 237
Curb Weight : The weight of a motor vehicle with standard and optional equipment including the maximum capacity of fuel, oil, and coolant, but without passengers and cargo. DOT Markings : A code molded into the sidewall of a tire signifying that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. The DOT code includes the Tire Identification Number (TIN), an alphanumeric designator which can also identify the tire manufacturer, production plant, brand, and date of production.

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GVWR : Gross Vehicle Weight Rating. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 156
GAWR FRT : Gross Axle Weight Rating for the front axle. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 156
GAWR RR : Gross Axle Weight Rating for the rear axle. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 156
Intended Outboard Sidewall : The side of an asymmetrical tire that must always face outward when mounted on a vehicle. Kilopascal (kPa) : The metric unit for air pressure. Light Truck (LT-Metric) Tire : A tire used on light duty trucks and some multipurpose passenger vehicles. Load Index : An assigned number ranging from 1 to 279
that corresponds to the load carrying capacity of a tire.

Maximum Inflation Pressure : The maximum air pressure to which a cold tire can be inflated. The maximum air pressure is molded onto the sidewall. Maximum Load Rating : The load rating for a tire at the maximum permissible inflation pressure for that tire. Maximum Loaded Vehicle Weight : The sum of curb weight, accessory weight, vehicle capacity weight, and production options weight. Normal Occupant Weight : The number of occupants a vehicle is designed to seat multiplied by 68 kg (150 lb). See Vehicle Load Limits 0 156
Occupant Distribution : Designated seating positions. Outward Facing Sidewall : The side of an asymmetrical tire that has a particular side that faces outward when mounted on a vehicle. The side of the tire that

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contains a whitewall, bears white lettering, or bears manufacturer, brand, and/or model name molding that is higher or deeper than the same moldings on the other sidewall of the tire. Passenger (P-Metric) Tire : A tire used on passenger cars and some light duty trucks and multipurpose vehicles. Recommended Inflation Pressure : Vehicle manufacturer's recommended tire inflation pressure as shown on the tire placard. See Tire and Vehicle Pressure 0 237
Load Limits 0 156
Radial Ply Tire : A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. Rim : A metal support for a tire and upon which the tire beads are seated.

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Sidewall : The portion of a tire between the tread and the bead. Speed Rating : An alphanumeric code assigned to a tire indicating the maximum speed at which a tire can operate. Traction : The friction between the tire and the road surface. The amount of grip provided. Tread : The portion of a tire that comes into contact with the road. Treadwear Indicators : Narrow bands, sometimes called wear bars, that show across the tread of a tire when only 1.6 mm (1/ 16 in) of tread remains. See When It Is Time for New Tires 0 243
UTQGS (Uniform Tire Quality Grading Standards) : A tire information system that provides consumers with ratings for a tire's traction, temperature, and treadwear. Ratings are

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determined by tire manufacturers using government testing procedures. The ratings are molded into the sidewall of the tire. See Uniform Tire Quality Grading 0 246
Vehicle Capacity Weight : The number of designated seating positions multiplied by 68 kg (150 lb) plus the rated cargo load. See Vehicle Load Limits 0 156
Vehicle Maximum Load on the Tire : Load on an individual tire due to curb weight, accessory weight, occupant weight, and cargo weight. Vehicle Placard : A label permanently attached to a vehicle showing the vehicle capacity weight and the original equipment tire size and recommended inflation pressure. See “Tire and Loading Information Label” under Vehicle Load Limits 0 156

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Tire Pressure Tires need the correct amount of air pressure to operate effectively.

Caution

Neither tire underinflation nor overinflation is good. Underinflated tires, or tires that do not have enough air, can result in:

. Tire overloading and

overheating which could lead to a blowout.

. Premature or irregular wear. . Poor handling. . Reduced fuel economy. Overinflated tires, or tires that have too much air, can result in:

. Unusual wear.

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Caution (Continued)

. Poor handling. . Rough ride. . Needless damage from

road hazards.

The Tire and Loading Information label on the vehicle indicates the original equipment tires and the correct cold tire inflation pressures. The recommended pressure is the