2011 Chevrolet Corvette Owners Manual

Chevrolet Corvette Owner Manual - 2011

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10-12

Vehicle Care

6.2 L LS9 V8 Engine

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H. Passenger Compartment Air

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A.

Intercooler. See Cooling System (Engine) on page 10‑28 or Cooling System (Intercooler) on page 10‑29.

B. Engine Air Cleaner/Filter on

I.

page 10‑24.

C. Power Steering Fluid Reservoir

and Cap. See Power Steering Fluid on page 10‑36.

D. Coolant Surge Tank and

Pressure Cap. See Engine Coolant on page 10‑29.

E. Windshield Washer Fluid

Reservoir. See “Adding Washer Fluid” under Washer Fluid on page 10‑37.

F. Clutch Master Cylinder

Reservoir (If Equipped). See Hydraulic Clutch on page 10‑24.

G. Brake Fluid Reservoir. See

“Brake Fluid” under Brakes on page 10‑38.

Filter (Out of View). See Passenger Compartment Air Filter on page 8‑7. Engine Oil Fill Cap. See “When to Add Engine Oil” under Engine Oil on page 10‑15.

J. Dry Sump Engine Oil Tank. See “Changing Engine Oil and Filter” Brake Fluid on page 10‑41.

K. Engine Oil Dipstick. See

“Checking Engine Oil” under Engine Oil on page 10‑15.

L. Remote Positive (+) Terminal

(Out of View). See Jump Starting on page 10‑82.

M. Engine Compartment Fuse

Block on page 10‑52.

If the vehicle has the 6.2 L LS9
Supercharged V8 engine and you are facing the front of the vehicle.

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Vehicle Care

6.2 L LS3 V8 Engine (With dry sump engine oil tank) or 7.0 L LS7 V8 Engine

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A. Engine Air Cleaner/Filter on

H. Coolant Surge Tank and

page 10‑24.

B. Power Steering Fluid Reservoir.

See Power Steering Fluid on page 10‑36.

C. Engine Compartment Fuse

Block on page 10‑52.

D. Remote Positive (+) Terminal

(Out of View). See Jump Starting on page 10‑82. E. Engine Oil Dipstick. See

“Checking Engine Oil” under Engine Oil on page 10‑15.

F. Dry Sump Engine Oil Tank. See “Changing Engine Oil and Filter” under Engine Oil on page 10‑15.

G. Engine Oil Fill Cap. See “When

to Add Engine Oil” under Engine Oil on page 10‑15.

Pressure Cap. See Engine Coolant on page 10‑29.

I. Windshield Washer Fluid

Reservoir. See “Adding Washer Fluid” under Washer Fluid on page 10‑37.

J. Brake Fluid Reservoir. See

“Brake Fluid” under Brake Fluid on page 10‑41.

K. Clutch Master Cylinder

Reservoir. See Hydraulic Clutch on page 10‑24.

If the vehicle has the 6.2 L LS3
V8 engine with the manual transmission (with the dry sump engine oil tank) or the 7.0 L LS7
V8 engine and you are facing the driver side of the vehicle.

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Engine Oil To ensure proper engine performance and long life, careful attention must be paid to engine oil. Following these simple, but important steps will help protect your investment: . Always use engine oil approved to the proper specification and of the proper viscosity grade. See “Selecting the Right Engine Oil” in this section.

. Check the engine oil level regularly and maintain the proper oil level. See “Checking Engine Oil” and “When to Add Engine Oil” in this section.

. Change the engine oil at the

appropriate time. See Engine Oil Life System on page 10‑22. . Always dispose of engine oil

properly. See “What to Do with Used Oil” in this section.

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Vehicle Care

Checking Engine Oil (Except ZO6, ZR1, and Grand Sport) If the CHECK OIL LEVEL message displays on the Driver Information Center (DIC), check the engine oil level right away. For more information, see Engine Oil Messages on page 5‑40. Check the engine oil level regularly; this is an added reminder. It is a good idea to check the engine oil level at each fuel fill. In order to get an accurate reading, the vehicle must be on level ground. The engine oil dipstick handle is a yellow loop. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑10 for the location of the engine oil dipstick.

Obtaining an accurate oil level reading is essential: 1.

If the engine has been running recently, turn off the engine and allow several minutes for the oil to drain back into the oil pan. Checking the oil level too soon after engine shutoff will not provide an accurate oil level reading.

2. Pull the dipstick and clean it with a paper towel or cloth, then push it back in all the way. Remove it again, keeping the tip down, and check the level.

When to Add Engine Oil (Except ZO6, ZR1, and Grand Sport)

If the oil is below the cross-hatched area at the tip of the dipstick, add 1 L (1 qt) of the recommended oil and then recheck the level. See “Selecting the Right Engine Oil” in this section for an explanation of what kind of oil to use. For engine oil crankcase capacity, see Capacities and Specifications on page 12‑2.

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See Racing or Other Competitive Driving on page 9‑7 for additional information on engine oil. Notice: Do not add too much oil. Oil levels above or below the acceptable operating range shown on the dipstick are harmful to the engine. If you find that you have an oil level above the operating range, i.e., the engine has so much oil that the oil level gets above the cross-hatched area that shows the proper operating range, the engine could be damaged. You should drain out the excess oil or limit driving of the vehicle and seek a service professional to remove the excess amount of oil. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑10 for the location of the engine oil fill cap. Add enough oil to put the level somewhere in the proper operating range . Push the dipstick all the way back in when through.

Checking Engine Oil (ZO6, ZR1, and Grand Sport)

A. Engine Oil Dipstick B. Engine Oil Fill Cap It is a good idea to check the engine oil level at each fuel fill. In order to get an accurate reading, the vehicle must be on level ground. The engine oil dipstick handle is a yellow loop. The dipstick is located on the dry sump engine oil tank. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑10 for the location of the dry sump engine oil tank.

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These vehicles have a racetrack‐ready dry sump engine lubrication system. This high‐performance system operates differently than a standard engine lubrication system and requires a special procedure when checking the engine oil level. Follow this procedure closely when checking the engine oil level. The engine oil level must be checked when the engine is warm. Cold oil level in the dry sump tank may not indicate the actual amount of oil in the system. With this system, engine oil is contained in an external tank, separate from the engine. Under normal operating conditions, the oil pan under the engine does not store any oil. If the vehicle has been parked for an extended period without the engine being started, some oil will seep back into the oil pan, reducing the amount of oil held in the dry sump tank and there could be no engine oil at all showing on the dipstick.

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Vehicle Care

This is normal since the dipstick is designed to read engine oil level only after the engine has run long enough to reach normal operating temperature. Do not add engine oil based on cold engine dipstick readings. The engine oil level on the dipstick will also be inaccurate if checked while the engine is running. 1. To obtain an accurate engine oil

level reading, warm up the engine to at least 80°C (175°F). Cold oil will not give a correct oil level reading.

2. Once the engine is warm, turn off the engine. Checking the oil while the engine is running will result in an incorrect oil level reading.

3. Wait at least five minutes (but

not more than 20 minutes) to allow oil to drain and settle in the engine.

4. Remove the dipstick from the

external engine oil tank and clean it with a lint‐free paper towel or a cloth. Re‐insert the dipstick into the external oil tank, pushing it all the way in until it stops.

5. Remove the dipstick from the oil

tank and read the level on the cross‐hatched area. Oil levels that fall in the cross‐hatched area are normal.

When to Add Engine Oil (ZO6, ZR1, and Grand Sport)

If the oil is below the cross-hatched area at the tip of the dipstick, add 1 L (1 qt) of the recommended oil through the oil fill cap opening in the oil tank and then recheck the level.

See “Selecting the Right Engine Oil” for an explanation of what kind of oil to use. For engine oil crankcase capacity, see Capacities and Specifications on page 12‑2. See Racing or Other Competitive Driving on page 9‑7 for additional information on engine oil. Notice: Do not add too much oil. Oil levels above or below the acceptable operating range shown on the dipstick are harmful to the engine. If you find that you have an oil level above the operating range, i.e., the engine has so much oil that the oil level gets above the cross-hatched area that shows the proper operating range, the engine could be damaged. You should drain out the excess oil or limit driving of the vehicle and seek a service professional to remove the excess amount of oil.

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See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑10 for the location of the external engine oil tank and fill cap. Add enough oil to put the level somewhere in the proper operating range. Push the dipstick all the way back into the oil tank when through. Changing Engine Oil and Filter (ZO6, ZR1, and Grand Sport) These vehicles have a racetrack‐ready dry sump engine lubrication system. This high‐performance system operates differently than a standard engine lubrication system and requires a special procedure when changing the engine oil and filter. Follow this procedure closely when changing the engine oil and filter.

ZO6 Shown, ZR1 and Grand Sport

Similar

A. Engine Oil Drain Plugs B. Seals 1. Remove the two engine oil drain

plugs from the bottom of the engine oil pan. One drain plug drains the external oil tank via the oil transfer supply line. The other drain plug drains residual oil from the crankcase sump. Allow the oil to drain.

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10-19

2. Once the oil has been drained

from the engine, remove the engine oil filter and allow the oil to drain.

3. Re‐install both drain plugs and

tighten them to 25 Y (18 lb ft). 4. Replace the oil filter and tighten

it to 30 Y (22 lb ft). See Maintenance Replacement Parts on page 11‑8 for the correct filter.

5. Oil is filled through the opening in the top of the external engine oil tank. Remove the oil fill cap. 6. Add 9.9 L (10.5 quarts) of oil to the oil tank. See Capacities and Specifications on page 12‑2. Install the oil fill cap and insert the dipstick, if removed.

7.

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Vehicle Care

8. Start the engine and let it run at idle for at least 15 seconds. This will circulate the fresh engine oil through the lubrication system. 9. Shut off the engine and check

the oil level as described under “Checking Engine Oil (ZO6, ZR1, and Grand Sport).”

Selecting the Right Engine Oil Selecting the right engine oil depends on both the proper oil specification and viscosity grade:

Specification Use and ask for engine oils with the dexos™ certification mark. Oils meeting the requirements of the vehicle should have the dexos certification mark on the container. This certification mark indicates that the oil has been approved to the dexos specification.

It is recommended to use Mobil 1® engine oils that meet the requirements of the dexos specification. Use of Substitute Engine Oils if dexos is unavailable: In the event that dexos‐approved engine oil is not available at an oil change or for maintaining proper oil level, you may use substitute engine oil displaying the API Starburst symbol and of SAE 5W-30 viscosity grade. Use of oils that do not meet the dexos specification, however, may result in reduced performance under certain circumstances.

Viscosity Grade SAE 5W-30 is the best viscosity grade for the vehicle. Do not use other viscosity oils such as SAE 10W‐30, 10W‐40, or 20W-50.

This vehicle was filled at the factory with dexos‐approved engine oil. Notice: Use only engine oil that is approved to the dexos specification or an equivalent engine oil of the appropriate viscosity grade. Engine oils approved to the dexos specification will show the dexos symbol on the container. Failure to use the recommended engine oil or equivalent can result in engine damage not covered by the vehicle warranty. If you are unsure whether the oil is approved to the dexos specification, ask your service provider.

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What to Do with Used Oil Used engine oil contains certain elements that can be unhealthy for your skin and could even cause cancer. Do not let used oil stay on your skin for very long. Clean your skin and nails with soap and water, or a good hand cleaner. Wash or properly dispose of clothing or rags containing used engine oil. See the manufacturer's warnings about the use and disposal of oil products. Used oil can be a threat to the environment. If you change your own oil, be sure to drain all the oil from the filter before disposal. Never dispose of oil by putting it in the trash or pouring it on the ground, into sewers, or into streams or bodies of water. Recycle it by taking it to a place that collects used oil.

Cold Temperature Operation: In an area of extreme cold, where the temperature falls below −29°C (−20°F), an SAE 0W-30 oil should be used. An oil of this viscosity grade will provide easier cold starting for the engine at extremely low temperatures. When selecting an oil of the appropriate viscosity grade, be sure to always select an oil that meets the required specification, dexos. See “Specification” earlier in this section for more information. Engine Oil Additives/Engine Oil Flushes Do not add anything to the oil. The recommended oils with the dexos specification and displaying the dexos certification mark are all that is needed for good performance and engine protection. Engine oil system flushes are not recommended and could cause engine damage not covered by the vehicle warranty.

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Vehicle Care

Engine Oil Life System

When to Change Engine Oil This vehicle has a computer that indicates when to change the engine oil and filter. This is based on engine revolutions and engine temperature, and not on mileage. Based on driving conditions, the mileage at which an oil change is indicated can vary considerably. For the oil life system to work properly, the system must be reset every time the oil is changed. ZO6, ZR1, and Grand Sport models have a racetrack‐ready dry sump engine lubrication system. This high‐performance system operates differently than a standard engine lubrication system and requires a special procedure when changing the engine oil and filter. See Engine Oil on page 10‑15.

When the system has calculated that oil life has been diminished, it indicates that an oil change is necessary. A CHANGE ENGINE OIL message comes on. Change the oil as soon as possible within the next 1 000 km (600 mi). It is possible that, if driving under the best conditions, the oil life system might indicate that an oil change is not necessary for up to a year. The engine oil and filter must be changed at least once a year and, at this time, the system must be reset. Your dealer has trained service people who will perform this work and reset the system. It is also important to check the oil regularly over the course of an oil drain interval and keep it at the proper level. If the system is ever reset accidentally, the oil must be changed at 5 000 km (3,000 mi) since the last oil change. Remember to reset the oil life system whenever the oil is changed.

How to Reset the Engine Oil Life System Reset the system whenever the engine oil is changed so that the system can calculate the next engine oil change. To reset the system: 1. Press the TRIP button so

the OIL LIFE percentage is displayed.

2. Press RESET and hold for

two seconds. OIL LIFE REMAINING 100% will appear.

If the CHANGE ENGINE OIL message comes back on when the vehicle is started, the engine oil life system has not reset. Repeat the procedure.

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Vehicle Care

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Manual Transmission Fluid It is not necessary to check the manual transmission fluid level. A transmission fluid leak is the only reason for fluid loss. If a leak occurs, take the vehicle to the dealer service department and have it repaired as soon as possible. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑6 for the proper fluid to use.

Automatic Transmission Fluid

How to Check Automatic Transmission Fluid It is not necessary to check the transmission fluid level. A transmission fluid leak is the only reason for fluid loss. If a leak occurs, take the vehicle to the dealer service department and have it repaired as soon as possible. The vehicle is not equipped with a transmission fluid level dipstick. There is a special procedure for checking and changing the transmission fluid. Because this procedure is difficult, this should be done at the dealer service department. Contact the dealer for

additional information or the procedure can be found in the service manual. To purchase a service manual, see Service Publications Ordering Information on page 13‑15. Notice: Use of the incorrect automatic transmission fluid may damage the vehicle, and the damages may not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Always use the automatic transmission fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑6. Change the fluid and filter at the intervals listed in Scheduled Maintenance on page 11‑2, and be sure to use the fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑6.

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Vehicle Care

Hydraulic Clutch It is not necessary to regularly check clutch fluid unless you suspect there is a leak in the system. Adding fluid will not correct a leak. A fluid loss in this system could indicate a problem. Have the system inspected and repaired. When to Check and What to Use

The hydraulic clutch fluid reservoir cap has this symbol on it. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑10 for reservoir location.

Refer to the Maintenance Schedule for the proper fluid to use. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑6. The fluid requires changing every two years. See Scheduled Maintenance on page 11‑2. How to Check and Add Fluid Visually check the clutch fluid reservoir to make sure the fluid level is at the MIN (minimum) line on the side of the reservoir. The hydraulic clutch fluid system should be closed and sealed. Do not remove the cap to check the fluid level or to top‐off the fluid level. Remove the cap only when necessary to add the proper fluid until the level reaches the MIN line.

Engine Air Cleaner/Filter See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑10 for the location of the engine air cleaner/filter. Notice: If you spray water into the engine air cleaner/filter intake and water enters the engine air cleaner/filter housing, you could damage your vehicle's engine. The repairs would not be covered by your warranty. Do not spray water into the engine air cleaner/ filter intake and/or housing. If cleaning the vehicle with the hood open, take care not to spray water directly near the filter opening of the air cleaner, as shown in the illustration, as this could damage the vehicle's engine.

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Vehicle Care

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When to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter Inspect the air cleaner/filter at the scheduled maintenance intervals and replace them at the first oil change after each 80 000 km (50,000 mi) interval. See Scheduled Maintenance on page 11‑2 for more information. If driving in dusty/dirty conditions, inspect the filter at each engine oil change.

How to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter To inspect the air cleaner/filter, remove the filter from the vehicle and lightly shake the filter to release loose dust and dirt. If the filter remains covered with dirt, a new filter is required. To inspect or replace the engine air cleaner/filter: 1. Open the hood. See Hood on

page 10‑9.

6.2 L V8 Engine LS3 Shown, 6.2 L

V8 Engine LS9 and 7.0 L V8 Engine LS7 Similar

A. Tube B. Clamp C. Duct

2. Remove the tube (A) from the air

cleaner assembly.

3. Loosen the clamp (B) at the throttle body and remove the duct (C).

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Vehicle Care

5. Press on the top and bottom of

the mass air flow sensor connector (A) and remove.

6.2 L V8 Engine LS3 Shown, 6.2 L

V8 Engine LS9 and 7.0 L V8 Engine LS7 Similar A. Mass Air Flow Sensor

Connector

B. Connector Lock

4. Remove the connector lock (B)

located at the bottom of the mass air flow sensor connector (A).

6.2 L V8 Engine LS3

6.2 L V8 Engine LS9 Shown, 7.0 L

V8 Engine LS7 Similar

6. To access the air filter element,

gently pull the air cleaner assembly upward until the fasteners are released from the retainer pins in the upper radiator support. The LS3 engine has three retainer pins and the LS7 and LS9 engines have two.

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Vehicle Care

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7. To remove the filter from the

LS3 and LS7 engines, remove the six screws (A) securing the filter cover (B) then pull away to gain access to the air filter (C). To remove the filter assembly from the LS9 engine, remove the six screws securing the filter cover. The filter cover and the air filter are one piece. Inspect or replace the filter or filter cover assembly. See Maintenance Replacement Parts on page 11‑8.

8.

9. Reverse Steps 2 through 7 to

replace the air cleaner/filter cover.

{ WARNING

Operating the engine with the air cleaner/filter off can cause you or others to be burned. The air cleaner not only cleans the air; it helps to stop flames if the engine backfires. Use caution when working on the engine and do not drive with the air cleaner/filter off.

Notice: If the air cleaner/filter is off, dirt can easily get into the engine, which could damage it. Always have the air cleaner/filter in place when you are driving.

6.2 L V8 Engine LS3 Shown, 6.2 L

V8 Engine LS9 and 7.0 L V8 Engine LS7 Similar

A. Screw B. Filter Cover C. Filter

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Vehicle Care

Cooling System (Engine) The cooling system allows the engine to maintain the correct working temperature.

7.0L Engine shown, 6.2L Engine

similar

A. Electric Engine Cooling Fan B. Coolant Surge Tank with

Pressure Cap

{ WARNING

WARNING (Continued)

An electric engine cooling fan under the hood can start up even when the engine is not running and can cause injury. Keep hands, clothing, and tools away from any underhood electric fan.

{ WARNING

Heater and radiator hoses, and other engine parts, can be very hot. Do not touch them. If you do, you can be burned.

(Continued)

Do not run the engine if there is a leak. If you run the engine, it could lose all coolant. That could cause an engine fire, and you could be burned. Get any leak fixed before you drive the vehicle.

Notice: Using coolant other than DEX-COOL® can cause premature engine, heater core, or radiator corrosion. In addition, the engine coolant could require changing sooner, at 50 000 km (30,000 mi) or 24 months, whichever occurs first. Any repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Always use DEX-COOL (silicate-free) coolant in the vehicle.

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Cooling System (Intercooler) The 6.2L LS9 supercharged V8 engine has an intercooler cooling system. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑10 for location of the intercooler. The intercooler cooling system has a special procedure for draining and adding coolant. Because this procedure is difficult, see the dealer for service if the intercooler is low on coolant. The procedure can also be found in the service manual. To purchase a service manual, see Service Publications Ordering Information on page 13‑15.

Checking Coolant

1. Verify that the engine and

intercooler are no longer hot.

2. Place a cloth to absorb possible

coolant loss under the driver's side bleeder valve (A).

3. Loosen, but do not completely

unscrew the bleeder valve to check for coolant in the system.

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10-29

4. Tighten the bleeder valve if there

5.

is coolant flowing out of the bleeder valve. If there is no coolant flowing out of the bleeder valve, there could be a leak in the system. Tighten the bleeder valve and contact the dealer for service.

Engine Coolant The cooling system in the vehicle is filled with DEX-COOL® engine coolant. This coolant is designed to remain in the vehicle for 5 years or 240 000 km (150,000 mi), whichever occurs first. The following explains the cooling system and how to check and add coolant when it is low. If there is a problem with engine overheating, see Engine Overheating on page 10‑34.

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Vehicle Care

What to Use

{ WARNING

Adding only plain water or some other liquid to the cooling system can be dangerous. Plain water and other liquids, can boil before the proper coolant mixture will. The vehicle's coolant warning system is set for the proper coolant mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture, the engine could get too hot but you would not get the overheat warning. The engine could catch fire and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant.

Notice: If extra inhibitors and/or additives are used in the vehicle cooling system, the vehicle could be damaged. Use only the proper mixture of the engine coolant listed in this manual for the cooling system. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑6 for more information. Never dispose of engine coolant by putting it in the trash, pouring it on the ground, or into sewers, streams, or bodies of water. Have the coolant changed by an authorized service center, familiar with legal requirements regarding used coolant disposal. This will help protect the environment and your health.

Use a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant. If using this mixture, nothing else needs to be added. This mixture: . Gives freezing protection down

to −37°C (−34°F), outside temperature.

. Gives boiling protection up to

129°C (265°F), engine temperature.

. Protects against rust and

corrosion.

. Will not damage aluminum parts. . Helps keep the proper engine

temperature.

Notice: If an improper coolant mixture is used, the engine could overheat and be badly damaged. The repair cost would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Too much water in the mixture can freeze and crack the engine, radiator, heater core, and other parts.

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When the engine is hot, the level could be higher than the FULL COLD line. If the coolant is below the FULL COLD line when the engine is hot, there could be a leak in the cooling system. If the coolant is low, add the coolant or take the vehicle to a dealer for service.

Checking Coolant The vehicle must be on a level surface when checking the coolant level. Check to see if coolant is visible in the coolant surge tank. If the coolant inside the coolant surge tank is boiling, do not do anything else until it cools down. If coolant is visible but the coolant level is not at or above the FULL COLD mark, add a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant at the coolant recovery tank, but be sure the cooling system is cool before this is done. See Engine Coolant on page 10‑29 for more information.

The engine coolant surge tank is located toward the rear of the engine compartment on the driver side of the vehicle. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑10 for more information on location. When the engine is cold, the coolant level should be at the FULL COLD mark on the coolant surge tank.

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Vehicle Care

How to Add Coolant to the Coolant Surge Tank

{ WARNING

You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts. Coolant contains ethylene glycol and it will burn if the engine parts are hot enough. Do not spill coolant on a hot engine.

{ WARNING

Steam and scalding liquids from a hot cooling system can blow out and burn you badly. They are under pressure, and if you turn

(Continued)

WARNING (Continued)

the coolant surge tank pressure cap — even a little — they can come out at high speed. Never turn the cap when the cooling system, including the coolant surge tank pressure cap, is hot. Wait for the cooling system and coolant surge tank pressure cap to cool if you ever have to turn the pressure cap.

If coolant is needed, add the proper DEX-COOL coolant mixture directly to the surge tank, but be sure the cooling system is cool before this is done.

1. When the cooling system,

including the coolant surge tank pressure cap and upper radiator hose, is no longer hot, remove the pressure cap. Turn the pressure cap slowly counterclockwise about one-quarter turn and then stop. If a hiss is heard, wait for that to stop. A hiss means there is still some pressure left.

2. Keep turning the pressure cap

slowly, and remove it.

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Vehicle Care

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5. Replace the pressure cap. Be

sure the pressure cap is hand-tight and fully seated. Check the level in the surge tank when the system has cooled down. If the coolant is not at the proper level, repeat Steps 1
through 4, then reinstall the pressure cap. If the coolant is not at the proper level when the system cools down again, see the dealer.

Notice: If the pressure cap is not tightly installed, coolant loss and possible engine damage may occur. Be sure the cap is properly and tightly secured.

3. Fill the coolant surge tank with the proper DEX-COOL coolant mixture until the level inside stabilizes at the FULL COLD mark on the front of the surge tank.

4. With the coolant surge tank

pressure cap off, start the engine and let it run until the upper radiator hose can be felt getting hot. Any time during this procedure, watch out for the engine cooling fan. By this time, the coolant level inside the coolant surge tank may be lower. If the level is lower, add more of the proper mixture to the coolant surge tank until the level stabilizes at the FULL COLD mark on the coolant surge tank.

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Vehicle Care

Engine Overheating The vehicle has several indicators to warn of engine overheating. There is an engine coolant temperature gauge on the instrument panel cluster. See Engine Coolant Temperature Gauge on page 5‑15. The vehicle may also display a COOLANT OVER TEMPERATURE message on the Driver Information Center (DIC). See Engine Cooling System Messages on page 5‑39 for more information. If the decision is made not to lift the hood but to get service help right away. See Roadside Assistance Program (U.S. and Canada) on page 13‑8 or Roadside Assistance Program (Mexico) on page 13‑10. If the decision is made to lift the hood, make sure the vehicle is parked on a level surface.

Then check to see if the engine cooling fan is running. If the engine is overheating, the fan should be running. If it is not, do not continue to run the engine and have the vehicle serviced. Notice: Engine damage from running your engine without coolant is not covered by the vehicle warranty. See Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode for information on driving to a safe place in an emergency. Notice: If the engine catches fire while driving with no coolant, the vehicle can be badly damaged. The costly repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. See Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode on page 10‑35 for information on driving to a safe place in an emergency.

If Steam is Coming from the Engine

{ WARNING

Steam from an overheated engine can burn you badly, even if you just open the hood. Stay away from the engine if you see or hear steam coming from it. Turn it off and get everyone away from the vehicle until it cools down. Wait until there is no sign of steam or coolant before you open the hood. If you keep driving when the vehicles engine is overheated, the liquids in it can catch fire. You or others could be badly burned. Stop the engine if it overheats, and get out of the vehicle until the engine is cool.

(Continued)

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WARNING (Continued)

See Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode on page 10‑35 for information on driving to a safe place in an emergency.

If No Steam is Coming from the Engine If an engine overheat warning is displayed but no steam can be seen or heard, the problem may not be too serious. Sometimes the engine can get a little too hot when the vehicle: . Climbs a long hill on a hot day . Stops after high-speed driving Idles for long periods in traffic

If the overheat warning is displayed with no sign of steam: 1. Turn the air conditioning off. 2. Turn the heater on to the highest

3.

temperature and to the highest fan speed. Open the windows as necessary. If in a traffic jam, shift to N (Neutral) while stopped. If it is safe to do so, pull off the road, shift to P (Park) or N (Neutral) and let the engine idle.

If the temperature overheat gauge is no longer in the overheat zone or an overheat warning no longer displays, the vehicle can be driven. Continue to drive the vehicle slowly for about 10 minutes. Keep a safe vehicle distance from the vehicle in front. If the warning does not come back on, continue to drive normally. If the warning continues, pull over, stop, and park the vehicle right away.

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If there is no sign of steam, idle the engine for three minutes while parked. If the warning is still displayed, turn off the engine until it cools down. Also, see “Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode” next in this section.

Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode This emergency operating mode lets the vehicle be driven to a safe place, up to 80 km (50 mi), in an emergency situation. If an overheated engine condition exists and the messages COOLANT OVER TEMPERATURE and REDUCED ENGINE POWER are displayed, along with the check engine light, an overheat protection mode which alternates firing groups of cylinders helps prevent engine damage. In this mode, there is a significant loss in power and engine performance.

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Vehicle Care

Driving extended distances in the overheat protection mode should be avoided. Notice: After driving in the overheated engine protection operating mode, to avoid engine damage, allow the engine to cool before attempting any repair. The engine oil will be severely degraded. Repair the cause of coolant loss, change the oil and reset the oil life system. See Engine Oil on page 10‑15.

Power Steering Fluid

See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑10 for reservoir location.

When to Check Power Steering Fluid It is not necessary to regularly check power steering fluid unless there is a leak suspected in the system or an unusual noise is heard. A fluid loss in this system could indicate a problem. Have the system inspected and repaired. How to Check Power Steering Fluid To check the power steering fluid: 1. Turn the ignition off and let the

engine compartment cool down. 2. Wipe the cap and the top of the

reservoir clean.

3. Unscrew the cap and wipe the

dipstick with a clean rag.

4. Replace the cap and completely

tighten it.

5. Remove the cap again and look at the fluid level on the dipstick. There are markings on both sides of the dipstick.

The level should be at the FULL COLD mark. If necessary, add only enough fluid to bring the level up to the mark.

When the engine compartment is hot, the level should be at the HOT mark. When the engine compartment is cool, the level should be at the FULL COLD mark.

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Adding Washer Fluid

Open the cap with the washer symbol on it. Add washer fluid until the tank is full. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑10 for reservoir location. Notice:

. When using concentrated

washer fluid, follow the manufacturer's instructions for adding water.

What to Use To determine what kind of fluid to use, see Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑6. Always use the proper fluid. Notice: Use of the incorrect fluid may damage the vehicle and the damages may not be covered by the vehicle's warranty. Always use the correct fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑6.

Washer Fluid

What to Use When the vehicle needs windshield washer fluid, be sure to read the manufacturer's instructions before use. If the vehicle will be operating in an area where the temperature may fall below freezing, use a fluid that has sufficient protection against freezing.

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. Do not mix water with

ready-to-use washer fluid. Water can cause the solution to freeze and damage the washer fluid tank and other parts of the washer system. Also, water does not clean as well as washer fluid.

. Fill the washer fluid tank only

three-quarters full when it is very cold. This allows for fluid expansion if freezing occurs, which could damage the tank if it is completely full.

. Do not use engine coolant

(antifreeze) in the windshield washer. It can damage the windshield washer system and paint.

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Vehicle Care

Brakes

Brake Wear (Except ZR1 and ZO6) This vehicle has disc brakes. Disc brake pads have built-in wear indicators that make a high-pitched warning sound when the brake pads are worn and new pads are needed. The sound can come and go or be heard all the time the vehicle is moving, except when applying the brake pedal firmly.

{ WARNING

The brake wear warning sound means that soon the brakes will not work well. That could lead to a crash. When the brake wear warning sound is heard, have the vehicle serviced.

Notice: Continuing to drive with worn-out brake pads could result in costly brake repair. Some driving conditions or climates can cause a brake squeal when the brakes are first applied or lightly applied. This does not mean something is wrong with the brakes. Brake linings should always be replaced as complete axle sets. Brake Wear (ZR1 and ZO6 Only) The ZR1 and ZO6 models do not have built-in brake pad wear indicators and periodic visual inspection of the brake pads is required to determine when to replace the brake pads.

Notice: Continuing to drive with worn-out brake pads could result in costly brake repair. . Make sure that the brakes have been given sufficient time to cool and then set the park brake.

Rear

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Vehicle Care

10-39

Brake Rotor Wear ZR1 and ZO6 models have ceramic brake rotors. Rotors should be visually inspected whenever the brake pads are replaced. Rotors also need to be weighed before brake pads are replaced to confirm that the rotor mass is greater than the wear‐out mass printed on the rotor. The rotor can be reused if the weight of the rotor is above the mass limit. Rotor inspection and weighing methods can be found in the service manual. See Service Publications Ordering Information on page 13‑15.

Front

. Brake pads can be visually

inspected through the wheel by inspecting the outer brake pads at each wheel.

. Brake pads should be replaced

when worn to 2 mm of pad thickness. New pads are 10 mm thick. In addition, brake pad inspection is required any time the tires are removed.

The ZR1 and ZO6 also have an electronic brake pad wear sensor system. When pads are worn, the CHANGE BRAKE PADS message displays in the Driver Information Center. See Brake System Messages on page 5‑36. Some driving conditions or climates can cause a brake squeal when the brakes are first applied or lightly applied. This does not mean something is wrong with the brakes. Brake linings should always be replaced as complete axle sets.

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Vehicle Care

Brake Rotor Protector

{ WARNING

Ceramic rotors will be very hot after operation and touching them may cause burns. Be sure brake system is completely cool prior to installation of protector, or coming in contact with them.

Notice: Rotors may be chipped if hard contact is made with the wheel during wheel installation or removal. Always use the rotor protectors. Be sure to carefully follow wheel removal and installation instructions.

A rotor protector should always be installed before any wheel removal. The protector can be installed by feeding it through the wheel spokes and slipping it over the outer edge of the rotor. Leave the protector in place, over the rotor edge, until the wheel is re‐installed. Rotor protectors are available through your dealer. Brake Pedal Travel See your dealer if the brake pedal does not return to normal height, or if there is a rapid increase in pedal travel. This could be a sign that brake service might be required. Brake Adjustment Every brake stop, the disc brakes automatically adjust for wear.

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Brake Fluid

The brake master cylinder reservoir is filled with DOT 3 brake fluid. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑10 for the location of the reservoir.

Replacing Brake System Parts The braking system on a vehicle is complex. Its many parts have to be of top quality and work well together if the vehicle is to have really good braking. The vehicle was designed and tested with top-quality brake parts. When parts of the braking system are replaced — for example, when the brake linings wear down and new ones are installed — be sure to get new approved replacement parts. If this is not done, the brakes might not work properly. For example, if someone puts in brake linings that are wrong for the vehicle, the balance between the front and rear brakes can change — for the worse. The braking performance expected can change in many other ways if the wrong replacement brake parts are installed.

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There are only two reasons why the brake fluid level in the reservoir might go down:

The brake fluid level goes down because of normal brake lining wear. When new linings are installed, the fluid level goes back up.

. A fluid leak in the brake

hydraulic system can also cause a low fluid level. Have the brake hydraulic system fixed, since a leak means that sooner or later the brakes will not work well.

Do not top off the brake fluid. Adding fluid does not correct a leak. If fluid is added when the linings are worn, there will be too much fluid when new brake linings are installed. Add or remove brake fluid, as necessary, only when work is done on the brake hydraulic system.

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Vehicle Care

{ WARNING

If too much brake fluid is added, it can spill on the engine and burn, if the engine is hot enough. You or others could be burned, and the vehicle could be damaged. Add brake fluid only when work is done on the brake hydraulic system. See “Checking Brake Fluid” in this section.

Refer to the Maintenance Schedule to determine when to check the brake fluid. See Scheduled Maintenance on page 11‑2.

Checking Brake Fluid Check brake fluid by looking at the brake fluid reservoir. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑10. The fluid level should be above the MIN mark on the reservoir. If it is not, have the brake hydraulic system checked to see if there is a leak. After work is done on the brake hydraulic system, make sure the level is between the MIN and MAX marks.

What to Add Use only new DOT 3 brake fluid from a sealed container. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑6. Always clean the brake fluid reservoir cap and the area around the cap before removing it. This helps keep dirt from entering the reservoir.

{ WARNING

With the wrong kind of fluid in the brake hydraulic system, the brakes might not work well. This could cause a crash. Always use the proper brake fluid.

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Vehicle Care

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Some vehicles have a battery charger package. Follow the instructions provided with the battery charger package to keep the battery charged when the vehicle is not in use. For vehicles without a battery charger, see the following information. Infrequent Usage: Remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery to keep the battery from running down. See “Power Window Initialization” in Power Windows on page 2‑18. Extended Storage: Remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery or use a battery trickle charger.

Notice:

. Using the wrong fluid

can badly damage brake hydraulic system parts. For example, just a few drops of mineral-based oil, such as engine oil, in the brake hydraulic system can damage brake hydraulic system parts so badly that they will have to be replaced. Do not let someone put in the wrong kind of fluid.

. If brake fluid is spilled on the

vehicle's painted surfaces, the paint finish can be damaged. Be careful not to spill brake fluid on the vehicle. If you do, wash it off immediately.

Battery Refer to the replacement number on the original battery label when a new battery is needed.

For battery replacement, see your dealer or the service manual. To purchase a service manual, see Service Publications Ordering Information on page 13‑15. { DANGER

Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling.

Vehicle Storage

{ WARNING

Batteries have acid that can burn you and gas that can explode. You can be badly hurt if you are not careful. See Jump Starting on page 10‑82 for tips on working around a battery without getting hurt.

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Vehicle Care

Rear Axle

When to Check Lubricant It is not necessary to regularly check rear axle fluid unless a leak is suspected or an unusual noise is heard. A fluid loss could indicate a problem. Have it inspected and repaired. How to Check Lubricant

If the level is below the bottom of the fill plug hole, some lubricant will need to be added. Add enough lubricant to raise the level to the bottom of the fill plug hole. What to Use To add lubricant when the level is low or to completely refill after draining, see Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑6. Then fill to the bottom of the fill plug hole with the required lubricant.

Starter Switch Check

{ WARNING When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.

To get an accurate reading, the vehicle should be on a level surface.

1. Before starting this check, be

sure there is enough room around the vehicle.

2. Firmly apply both the parking brake and the regular brake. See Parking Brake on page 9‑35. Do not use the accelerator pedal, and be ready to turn off the engine immediately if it starts.

3. For automatic transmission

vehicles, try to start the engine in each gear. The vehicle should start only in P (Park) or N (Neutral). If the vehicle starts in any other position, contact your dealer for service. For manual transmission vehicles, put the shift lever in Neutral, push the clutch pedal down halfway, and try to start the engine. The vehicle should start only when the clutch pedal is pushed down all the way to the floor. If the vehicle starts when the clutch pedal is not pushed all the way down, contact your dealer for service.

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Automatic Transmission Shift Lock Control Function Check

{ WARNING When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.

1. Before starting this check, be

sure there is enough room around the vehicle. It should be parked on a level surface.

2. Firmly apply the parking brake.

See Parking Brake on page 9‑35. Be ready to apply the regular brake immediately if the vehicle begins to move.

3. With the engine off, turn the

ignition on, but do not start the engine. Without applying the regular brake, try to move the shift lever out of P (Park) with normal effort. If the shift lever moves out of P (Park), contact your dealer for service.

Park Brake and P (Park) Mechanism Check { WARNING

When you are doing this check, the vehicle could begin to move. You or others could be injured and property could be damaged. Make sure there is room in front of the vehicle in case it begins to roll. Be ready to apply the regular brake at once should the vehicle begin to move.

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Park on a fairly steep hill, with the vehicle facing downhill. Keeping your foot on the regular brake, set the parking brake.

To check the parking brake's holding ability: With the engine running and the transmission in N (Neutral), slowly remove foot pressure from the regular brake pedal. Do this until the vehicle is held by the parking brake only. To check the P (Park) mechanism's holding ability: With the engine running, shift to P (Park). Then release the parking brake followed by the regular brake.

Contact your dealer if service is required.

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Vehicle Care

Wiper Blade Replacement Windshield wiper blades should be inspected for wear and cracking. See Scheduled Maintenance on page 11‑2 for more information. Replacement blades come in different types and are removed in different ways. For the proper type and length, see Maintenance Replacement Parts on page 11‑8. It is a good idea to clean or replace the wiper blade assembly every six months. Allowing the wiper blade arm to touch the windshield when no wiper blade is installed could damage the windshield. Any damage that occurs would not be covered by the vehicle's warranty. Do not allow the wiper blade arm to touch the windshield.

To remove the wiper blade assembly: 1. Open the hood to gain access to

the windshield wipers.

2. Lift the wiper arm away from the

windshield.

3. Press down on the blade

assembly pivot locking tab (C). Pull down on the blade assembly (A) to release it from the wiper arm hook (F).

4. Remove the insert from the

blade assembly (A). The insert has two notches at one end that are locked by the bottom claws of the blade assembly. At the notch end, pull the insert from the blade assembly.

A. Blade Assembly B. Arm Assembly C. Locking Tab D. Blade Pivot E. Hook Slot F. Arm Hook

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2. Be sure the notches are locked by the bottom claws. Make sure that all other claws are properly locked on both sides of the insert slots.

3. Put the blade assembly pivot in the wiper arm hook. Pull up until the pivot locking tab locks in the hook slot.

4. Carefully lower the wiper arm and blade assembly onto the windshield.

To install the new wiper insert:

1. Slide the insert (D), notched end

last, into the end with the two blade claws (A). Slide the insert all the way through the blade claws at the opposite end (B). The plastic caps (C) will be forced off as the insert is fully installed.

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Installation guide:

A. Claw in Notch B. Correct Installation C.

Incorrect Installation

Windshield Replacement The windshield is part of the Head-Up Display (HUD) system. If you ever have to get the windshield replaced, get one that is designed for HUD or the HUD image may look out of focus.

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Vehicle Care

Headlamp Aiming Headlamp aim has been preset at the factory and should need no further adjustment. However, if the vehicle is damaged in a crash, the headlamp aim may be affected. Aim adjustment to the low-beam headlamps may be necessary if oncoming drivers flash their high-beam headlamps at you (for vertical aim). If the headlamps need to be re-aimed, it is recommended that the vehicle be taken to the dealer for service.

Bulb Replacement For the proper type of replacement bulbs, see Replacement Bulbs on page 10‑50. For any bulb‐changing procedure not listed in this section, contact your dealer.

Halogen Bulbs

{ WARNING

Halogen bulbs have pressurized gas inside and can burst if you drop or scratch the bulb. You or others could be injured. Be sure to read and follow the instructions on the bulb package.

High Intensity Discharge (HID) Lighting

{ WARNING

The low beam high intensity discharge lighting system operates at a very high voltage. If you try to service any of the system components, you could be seriously injured. Have your dealer or a qualified technician service them.

The vehicle may have HID headlamps. After an HID headlamp bulb has been replaced, you may notice that the beam is a slightly different shade than it was originally. This is normal.

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Headlamps, Front Turn Signal and Parking Lamps

To replace a high-beam or front parking/turn signal bulb: 1. Turn the wheel to allow access

to the wheel well.

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A. High-beam Headlamp B. Low-beam Headlamp C. Front Parking/Turn Signal If the low-beam headlamp needs to be replaced, see your dealer. See High Intensity Discharge (HID) Lighting on page 10‑48 for more information.

2. Remove the three outer

fasteners to move the access panel back.

3. Remove the outer cover to

expose the high-beam headlamp bulb socket.

4. Remove the headlamp bulb by

releasing the outer tabs from the socket.

5. Remove the front parking/turn signal bulb by turning the bulb socket counterclockwise.

6. Replace the high-beam

headlamp bulb with a new bulb and reattach to the bulb socket. Replace the front parking/turn signal bulb by turning the bulb socket clockwise.

7. Reverse the Steps 2 through 4 to

reinstall.

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Vehicle Care

Taillamps, Turn Signal, and Stoplamps To replace a stoplamp, taillamp/turn signal bulb: 1. Remove the screw from the top

of the lamp assembly.

2. Tilt the lamp assembly

toward you.

3. Turn the bulb socket one-quarter

turn counterclockwise and pull it out.

4. Pull the bulb straight out to remove it from the socket.

Electrical System

Electrical System Overload The vehicle has fuses and circuit breakers to protect against an electrical system overload. When the current electrical load is too heavy, the circuit breaker opens and closes, protecting the circuit until the current load returns to normal or the problem is fixed. This greatly reduces the chance of circuit overload and fire caused by electrical problems.

5. Push the new bulb in the bulb socket until it snaps into place. 6. Reinstall the lamp assembly by

first lining up the tabs on the