2012 Cadillac SRX Owners Manual

For information on driving while towing a trailer, see “Driving Characteristics and Towing Tips.” For maximum vehicle and trailer weights, see “Trailer Towing.” For information on equipment to tow a trailer, see “Towing Equipment.”

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Driving and Operating

9-53

WARNING (Continued)

The driver and passengers could be seriously injured. The vehicle may also be damaged; the resulting repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Pull a trailer only if all the steps in this section have been followed. Ask your dealer for advice and information about towing a trailer with the vehicle.

The vehicle can tow a trailer when equipped with the proper trailer towing equipment.

For trailering capacity, see Trailer Towing on page 9‑57. Trailering changes handling, acceleration, braking, durability and fuel economy. With the added weight, the engine, transmission, wheel assemblies and tires are forced to work harder and under greater loads. The trailer also adds wind resistance, increasing the pulling requirements. For safe trailering, correctly use the proper trailering equipment. The following information has important trailering tips and rules for your safety and that of your passengers. Read this section carefully before pulling a trailer.

For information on towing a disabled vehicle, see Towing the Vehicle on page 10‑93. For information on towing the vehicle behind another vehicle such as a motor home, see Recreational Vehicle Towing on page 10‑93.

Driving Characteristics and Towing Tips

{ WARNING

The driver can lose control when pulling a trailer if the correct equipment is not used or the vehicle is not driven properly. For example, if the trailer is too heavy, the brakes may not work well — or even at all.

(Continued)

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9-54

Driving and Operating

Pulling a Trailer Here are some important points:

There are many laws, including speed limit restrictions that apply to trailering. Check for legal requirements.

. Do not tow a trailer at all during the first 1 600 km (1,000 miles) the new vehicle is driven. The engine, axle or other parts could be damaged.

. During the first 800 km

(500 miles) that a trailer is towed, do not drive over 80 km/h (50 mph) and do not make starts at full throttle. This reduces wear on the vehicle.

The vehicle can tow in D (Drive). Use a lower gear if the transmission shifts too often.

. Do not use the Fuel Economy

Mode when towing.

. Obey speed limit restrictions.

Do not drive faster than the maximum posted speed for trailers, or no more than 90 km/h (55 mph), to reduce wear on the vehicle. Driving with a Trailer Towing a trailer requires experience. Get familiar with handling and braking with the added trailer weight. The vehicle is now longer and not as responsive as the vehicle is by itself.

Check all trailer hitch parts and attachments, safety chains, electrical connectors, lamps, tires and mirror adjustments. If the trailer has electric brakes, start the vehicle and trailer moving and then apply the trailer brake controller by hand to be sure the brakes are working. During the trip, check regularly to be sure that the load is secure, and the lamps and trailer brakes are working properly. Towing with a Stability Control System When towing, the sound of the stability control system might be heard. The system is reacting to the vehicle movement caused by the trailer, which mainly occurs during cornering. This is normal when towing heavier trailers.

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Driving and Operating

9-55

Making Turns Notice: Making very sharp turns while trailering could cause the trailer to come in contact with the vehicle. The vehicle could be damaged. Avoid making very sharp turns while trailering. When turning with a trailer, make wider turns than normal so the trailer will not strike soft shoulders, curbs, road signs, trees or other objects. Use the turn signal well in advance and avoid jerky or sudden maneuvers.

Turn Signals When Towing a Trailer The turn signal indicators on the instrument panel flash whenever signaling a turn or lane change. Properly hooked up, the trailer lamps also flash, telling other drivers the vehicle is turning, changing lanes or stopping. When towing a trailer, the arrows on the instrument panel flash for turns even if the bulbs on the trailer are burned out. Check occasionally to be sure the trailer bulbs are still working.

Following Distance Stay at least twice as far behind the vehicle ahead as you would when driving the vehicle without a trailer. This can help to avoid situations that require heavy braking and sudden turns. Passing More passing distance is needed when towing a trailer. Because the rig is longer, it is necessary to go farther beyond the passed vehicle before returning to the lane. Backing Up Hold the bottom of the steering wheel with one hand. To move the trailer to the left, move that hand to the left. To move the trailer to the right, move your hand to the right. Always back up slowly and, if possible, have someone guide you.

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9-56

Driving and Operating

Driving on Grades Reduce speed and shift to a lower gear before starting down a long or steep downgrade. If the transmission is not shifted down, the brakes might have to be used so much that they would get hot and no longer work well. The vehicle can tow in D (Drive). Use a lower gear if the transmission shifts too often. When towing at high altitude on steep uphill grades, engine coolant boils at a lower temperature than at normal altitudes. If the engine is turned off immediately after towing at high altitude on steep uphill grades, the vehicle could show signs similar to engine overheating. To avoid this, let the engine run while parked, preferably on level ground, with the transmission in P (Park) for a few minutes before turning the engine off. If the overheat warning comes on, see Engine Overheating on page 10‑18.

Parking on Hills

{ WARNING

Parking the vehicle on a hill with the trailer attached can be dangerous. If something goes wrong, the rig could start to move. People can be injured, and both the vehicle and the trailer can be damaged. When possible, always park the rig on a flat surface.

If parking the rig on a hill: 1. Press the brake pedal, but

do not shift into P (Park) yet. Turn the wheels into the curb if facing downhill or into traffic if facing uphill.

2. Have someone place chocks

under the trailer wheels.

3. When the wheel chocks are in place, release the brake pedal until the chocks absorb the load.

4. Reapply the brake pedal.

Then apply the parking brake and shift into P (Park).

5. Release the brake pedal. Leaving After Parking on a Hill 1. Apply and hold the brake pedal

while you:

Start the engine. Shift into a gear. Release the parking brake.

2. Let up on the brake pedal. 3. Drive slowly until the trailer is

clear of the chocks.

4. Stop and have someone pick up

and store the chocks.

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Driving and Operating

9-57

Trailer Towing Before pulling a trailer, there are three important considerations that have to do with weight:

The weight of the trailer The weight of the trailer tongue The total weight on the vehicle's tires

Weight of the Trailer How heavy can a trailer safely be? It depends on how the rig is used. For example, speed, altitude, road grades, outside temperature and how much the vehicle is used to pull a trailer are all important.

It can depend on any special equipment on the vehicle, and the amount of tongue weight the vehicle can carry. See “Weight of the Trailer Tongue” later in this section for more information. Maximum trailer weight is calculated assuming only the driver is in the tow vehicle and it has all the required trailering equipment. The weight of additional optional equipment, passengers and cargo in the tow vehicle must be subtracted from the maximum trailer weight. Use the following chart to determine how much the vehicle can weigh, based upon the vehicle model and options.

Maintenance When Trailer Towing The vehicle needs service more often when pulling a trailer. See this manual's Maintenance Schedule or index for more information. Things that are especially important in trailer operation are automatic transmission fluid, engine oil, axle lubricant, belts, cooling system and brake system. Inspect these before and during the trip. Check periodically to see that all hitch nuts and bolts are tight. Engine Cooling When Trailer Towing The cooling system may temporarily overheat during severe operating conditions. See Engine Overheating on page 10‑18.

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9-58

Driving and Operating

Vehicle

Maximum Trailer

Weight

GCWR*

Maximum Tongue

Weight

1 134 kg (2,500 lbs)

3.6L Engine, FWD without Trailering Package 3.6L Engine, FWD with Trailering Package 3.6L Engine, AWD without Trailering Package 3.6L Engine, AWD with Trailering Package *The Gross Combination Weight Rating (GCWR) is the total allowable weight of the completely loaded vehicle and trailer including any passengers, cargo, equipment and conversions. The GCWR for the vehicle should not be exceeded.

3 725 kg (8,212 lbs)

3 640 kg (8,025 lbs)

1 588 kg (3,500 lbs)

3 185 kg (7,022 lbs)

3 270 kg (7,209 lbs)

1 588 kg (3,500 lbs)

1 134 kg (2,500 lbs)

159 kg (350 lbs)

159 kg (350 lbs)

159 kg (350 lbs)

113 kg (250 lbs)

Ask your dealer for trailering information or advice. See Customer Assistance Offices (U.S. and Canada) on page 13‑5
or Customer Assistance Offices (Mexico) on page 13‑5 for more information.

Weight of the Trailer Tongue The tongue load (A) of any trailer is an important weight to measure because it affects the total gross weight of the vehicle. The Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) includes the curb weight of the vehicle, any cargo carried in it, and the people who will be riding in the vehicle. If there are a lot of options, equipment, passengers or cargo in

the vehicle, it will reduce the tongue weight the vehicle can carry, which will also reduce the trailer weight the vehicle can tow. If towing a trailer, the tongue load must be added to the GVW because the vehicle will be carrying that weight, too. See Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑10 for more information about the vehicle's maximum load capacity.

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Driving and Operating

9-59

Trailering may be limited by the vehicle's ability to carry tongue weight. Tongue weight cannot cause the vehicle to exceed the GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating) or the RGAWR (Rear Gross Axle Weight Rating). The effect of additional weight may reduce the trailering capacity more than the total of the additional weight. It is important that the vehicle does not exceed any of its ratings — GCWR, GVWR, RGAWR, Maximum Trailer Rating or Tongue Weight. The only way to be sure it is not exceeding any of these ratings is to weigh the vehicle and trailer.

Total Weight on the Vehicle's Tires Be sure the vehicle's tires are inflated to the upper limit for cold tires. These numbers can be found on the Certification label or see Vehicle Load Limits on page 9‑10
for more information. Make sure not to go over the GVW limit for the vehicle, or the GAWR, including the weight of the trailer tongue. If using a weight distributing hitch, make sure not to go over the rear axle limit before applying the weight distribution spring bars.

If a weight-carrying hitch or a weight-distributing hitch is being used, the trailer tongue (A) should weigh 10‐15 percent of the total loaded trailer weight (B). After loading the trailer, weigh the trailer and then the tongue, separately, to see if the weights are proper. If they are not, adjustments might be made by moving some items around in the trailer.

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9-60

Driving and Operating

Towing Equipment

Hitch Cover

Hitches It is important to have the correct hitch equipment. Crosswinds, large trucks going by and rough roads are a few reasons why the right hitch is needed.

The rear bumper on the vehicle is not intended for hitches. Do not attach rental hitches or other bumper-type hitches to it. Use only a frame-mounted hitch that does not attach to the bumper.

. Will any holes be made in the body of the vehicle when the trailer hitch is installed? If there are, then be sure to seal the holes later when the hitch is removed. If the holes are not sealed, dirt, water, and deadly carbon monoxide (CO) from the exhaust can get into the vehicle. See Engine Exhaust on page 9‑23.

The vehicle may have a hitch cover. To remove the hitch cover: 1. Turn the fasteners on

the lower tabs 90 degrees counterclockwise.

2. Lift the lower edge of the cover

about 45 degrees.

3. Pull the cover downward

to disengage the upper attachments.

To reinstall the hitch cover: 1. Hold the cover at a 45 degree angle to the vehicle and push the upper tabs in the hitch cover into the slots in the fascia.

2. Move the bottom of the cover

forward until the lower tabs line up with the lower fascia slots.

3. Snap the hitch cover into place

by pushing the upper corners forward.

4. Turn the fasteners on the lower

tabs 90 degrees clockwise to lock the cover in place.

Safety Chains Always attach chains between the vehicle and the trailer. Cross the safety chains under the tongue of the trailer to help prevent the tongue from contacting the road if it becomes separated from the hitch. Always leave just enough slack so the rig can turn. Never allow safety chains to drag on the ground.

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Trailer Brakes A loaded trailer that weighs more than 450 kg (1,000 lbs) needs to have its own brake system that is adequate for the weight of the trailer. Be sure to read and follow the instructions for the trailer brakes so they are installed, adjusted and maintained properly. Because the vehicle has anti-lock brakes, do not tap into the vehicle's brake system. If you do, both brake systems will not work well, or at all.

Trailer Sway Control (TSC) The vehicle has a Trailer Sway Control (TSC) feature as part of the StabiliTrak system. If TSC detects that the trailer is swaying, the vehicle's brakes are automatically applied.

When TSC is applying the brakes, the TCS/StabiliTrak indicator light flashes to notify the driver to reduce speed. If the trailer continues to sway, StabiliTrak will reduce engine torque to help slow the vehicle. TSC will not function if StabiliTrak is turned off. See StabiliTrak® System on page 9‑34 for more information.

Driving and Operating

9-61

Conversions and Add-Ons

Add-On Electrical Equipment Notice: Do not add anything electrical to the vehicle unless you check with your dealer first. Some electrical equipment can damage the vehicle and the damage would not be covered by the vehicle's warranty. Some add-on electrical equipment can keep other components from working as they should. Add-on equipment can drain the vehicle's 12‐volt battery, even if the vehicle is not operating. The vehicle has an airbag system. Before attempting to add anything electrical to the vehicle, see Servicing the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 3‑34 and Adding Equipment to the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 3‑35.

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9-62

Driving and Operating

2 NOTES

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Vehicle Care

General Information

General Information . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
California Proposition

65 Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3

California Perchlorate

Materials Requirements . . . . 10-3

Accessories and

Modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4

Vehicle Checks Doing Your Own

Service Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4
Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-5
Engine Compartment

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-6
Engine Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-7
Engine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-8
Engine Oil Life System . . . . . 10-10

Automatic Transmission

Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-12
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter . . . . 10-12
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-14
Engine Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-15
Engine Overheating . . . . . . . . 10-18
Power Steering Fluid . . . . . . . 10-20
Washer Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-21
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-22
Brake Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-23
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-24
All-Wheel Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-25
Starter Switch Check . . . . . . . 10-25
Automatic Transmission Shift

Lock Control Function Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-26

Park Brake and P (Park)

Mechanism Check . . . . . . . . 10-26

Wiper Blade

Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-27

Headlamp Aiming

Headlamp Aiming . . . . . . . . . . 10-28

Vehicle Care

10-1

Bulb Replacement

Bulb Replacement . . . . . . . . . . 10-32
Halogen Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-32
High Intensity Discharge

(HID) Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-32
Headlamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-32
Turn Signal Lamps . . . . . . . . . 10-37
Back-Up Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-38
License Plate Lamp . . . . . . . . 10-40
Replacement Bulbs . . . . . . . . . 10-40

Electrical System

Electrical System

Overload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-41

Fuses and Circuit

Breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-41

Engine Compartment Fuse

Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-42

Instrument Panel Fuse

Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-44

Rear Compartment Fuse

Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-46

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10-2

Vehicle Care

Wheels and Tires

Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-49
Tire Sidewall Labeling . . . . . . 10-50
Tire Designations . . . . . . . . . . . 10-52
Tire Terminology and

Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-53
Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-56
Tire Pressure for High-Speed

Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-57

Tire Pressure Monitor

System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-58

Tire Pressure Monitor

Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-59
Tire Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-62
Tire Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-63
When It Is Time for New

Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-64

Buying New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . 10-65
Different Size Tires and

Wheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-67

Uniform Tire Quality

Grading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-67

Wheel Alignment and Tire

Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-69
Wheel Replacement . . . . . . . . 10-69
Tire Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-70
If a Tire Goes Flat . . . . . . . . . . 10-71
Tire Sealant and

Compressor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . 10-73

Storing the Tire Sealant and

Compressor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . 10-80
Tire Changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-81
Compact Spare Tire . . . . . . . . 10-88

Jump Starting

Jump Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-88

Towing

Towing the Vehicle . . . . . . . . . 10-93
Recreational Vehicle

Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-93

Appearance Care

Exterior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-97
Interior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-100
Floor Mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-103

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General Information For service and parts needs, visit your dealer. You will receive genuine GM parts and GM-trained and supported service people. Genuine GM parts have one of these marks:

California Proposition 65 Warning Most motor vehicles, including this one, contain and/or emit chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. Engine exhaust, many parts and systems, many fluids, and some component wear by-products contain and/or emit these chemicals.

Vehicle Care

10-3

California Perchlorate Materials Requirements Certain types of automotive applications, such as airbag initiators, safety belt pretensioners, and lithium batteries contained in Remote Keyless Entry transmitters, may contain perchlorate materials. Special handling may be necessary. For additional information, see www.dtsc.ca.gov/hazardouswaste/ perchlorate.

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10-4

Vehicle Care

Accessories and Modifications Adding non‐dealer accessories or making modifications to the vehicle can affect vehicle performance and safety, including such things as airbags, braking, stability, ride and handling, emissions systems, aerodynamics, durability, and electronic systems like antilock brakes, traction control, and stability control. These accessories or modifications could even cause malfunction or damage not covered by the vehicle warranty.

Damage to vehicle components resulting from modifications or the installation or use of non‐GM certified parts, including control module or software modifications, is not covered under the terms of the vehicle warranty and may affect remaining warranty coverage for affected parts. GM Accessories are designed to complement and function with other systems on the vehicle. See your dealer to accessorize the vehicle using genuine GM Accessories installed by a dealer technician. Also, see Adding Equipment to the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 3‑35.

Vehicle Checks

Doing Your Own Service Work

{ WARNING

It can be dangerous to work on your vehicle if you do not have the proper knowledge, service manual, tools, or parts. Always follow owner manual procedures and consult the service manual for your vehicle before doing any service work.

If doing some of your own service work, use the proper service manual. It tells you much more about how to service the vehicle than this manual can.

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To order the proper service manual, see Service Publications Ordering Information on page 13‑18. This vehicle has an airbag system. Before attempting to do your own service work, see Servicing the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle on page 3‑34. Keep a record with all parts receipts and list the mileage and the date of any service work performed. See Maintenance Records on page 11‑15.

Vehicle Care

10-5

Hood To open the hood:

1. Pull the release handle with the above symbol on it. It is located below the instrument panel to the left of the steering wheel.

2. Move the secondary hood release lever up to release the striker. The lever is located near the middle of the hood.

3. Lift the hood. Before closing the hood, be sure all the filler caps are on properly.

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10-6

Vehicle Care

Engine Compartment Overview

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Vehicle Care

10-7

Engine Cover

A. Engine Air Cleaner/Filter on

H. Engine Coolant Surge Tank

page 10‑12.

B. Power Steering Reservoir and

Cap (Under Engine Cover). See Power Steering Fluid on page 10‑20.

and Pressure Cap. See Engine Coolant on page 10‑15. Battery (Out of View). See Battery on page 10‑24.

I.

J. Remote Positive (+) Terminal.

C. Engine Oil Fill Cap. See Engine

Oil on page 10‑8.

See Jump Starting on page 10‑88.

D. Engine Oil Dipstick (Out of

K. Remote Negative (−) Terminal

View). See Engine Oil on page 10‑8.

E. Engine Cover on page 10‑7. F. Transmission Fluid Cap

and Dipstick (Out of View). See Automatic Transmission Fluid on page 10‑12.

G. Brake Master Cylinder

Reservoir. See Brakes on page 10‑22.

(Out of View). See Jump Starting on page 10‑88.

L. Engine Compartment Fuse

Block on page 10‑42.

M. Windshield Washer Fluid

Reservoir. See Washer Fluid on page 10‑21.

A. Oil Fill Cap B. Engine Cover Bolt C. Engine Cover

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10-8

Vehicle Care

To remove: 1. Remove the oil fill cap (A). 2. Remove the engine cover

bolt (B).

3. Raise the engine cover (C) to

release from the retainers. 4. Lift and remove the engine

cover.

5. Reverse Steps 1 through 4 to

reinstall engine cover.

Engine Oil To ensure proper engine performance and long life, careful attention must be paid to engine oil. Following these simple, but important steps will help protect your investment: . Always use engine oil approved

to the proper specification and of the proper viscosity grade. See “Selecting the Right Engine Oil” in this section.

. Check the engine oil level regularly and maintain the proper oil level. See “Checking Engine Oil” and “When to Add Engine Oil” in this section.

. Change the engine oil at the appropriate time. See Engine Oil Life System on page 10‑10.

. Always dispose of engine oil

properly. See “What to Do with Used Oil” in this section.

Checking Engine Oil It is a good idea to check the engine oil level at each fuel fill. In order to get an accurate reading, the vehicle must be on level ground. The engine oil dipstick handle is a yellow loop. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑6 for the location of the engine oil dipstick. 1.

If the engine has been running recently, turn off the engine and allow several minutes for the oil to drain back into the oil pan. Checking the oil level too soon after engine shutoff will not provide an accurate oil level reading.

2. Pull out the dipstick and clean

it with a paper towel or cloth, then push it back in all the way. Remove it again, keeping the tip down, and check the level.

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When to Add Engine Oil If the oil is below the cross-hatched area at the tip of the dipstick, add 1 L (1 qt) of the recommended oil and then recheck the level. See “Selecting the Right Engine Oil” in this section for an explanation of what kind of oil to use. For engine oil crankcase capacity, see Capacities and Specifications on page 12‑2. Notice: Do not add too much oil. Oil levels above or below the acceptable operating range shown on the dipstick are harmful to the engine. If you find that you have an oil level above the operating range, i.e., the engine has so much oil that the oil level gets above the cross-hatched area that shows the proper

operating range, the engine could be damaged. You should drain out the excess oil or limit driving of the vehicle and seek a service professional to remove the excess amount of oil. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑6 for the location of the engine oil fill cap. Add enough oil to put the level somewhere in the proper operating range. Push the dipstick all the way back in when through. Selecting the Right Engine Oil Selecting the right engine oil depends on both the proper oil specification and viscosity grade. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑13.

Vehicle Care

10-9

Specification Use and ask for licensed engine oils with the dexos1™ approved certification mark. Engine oils meeting the requirements for the vehicle should have the dexos1
approved certification mark. This certification mark indicates that the oil has been approved to the dexos1 specification.

Notice: Failure to use the recommended engine oil or equivalent can result in engine damage not covered by the vehicle warranty. Check with your dealer or service provider on whether the oil is approved to the dexos1 specification.

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10-10

Vehicle Care

Viscosity Grade SAE 5W‐30 is the best viscosity grade for the vehicle. Do not use other viscosity grade oils such as SAE 10W‐30, 10W‐40, or 20W‐50. If in an area of extreme cold, where the temperature falls below −20°F (−29°C), an SAE 0W‐30
oil should be used. An oil of this viscosity grade will provide easier cold starting for the engine at extremely low temperatures. When selecting an oil of the appropriate viscosity grade, always select an oil that meets the dexos1 specification or equivalent. See “Specification” for more information. Engine Oil Additives/Engine Oil Flushes Do not add anything to the oil. The recommended oils with the dexos specification and displaying the dexos certification mark are all that is needed for good performance and engine protection.

Engine oil system flushes are not recommended and could cause engine damage not covered by the vehicle warranty. What to Do with Used Oil Used engine oil contains certain elements that can be unhealthy for your skin and could even cause cancer. Do not let used oil stay on your skin for very long. Clean your skin and nails with soap and water, or a good hand cleaner. Wash or properly dispose of clothing or rags containing used engine oil. See the manufacturer's warnings about the use and disposal of oil products. Used oil can be a threat to the environment. If you change your own oil, be sure to drain all the oil from the filter before disposal. Never dispose of oil by putting it in the trash or pouring it on the ground, into sewers, or into streams or bodies of water. Recycle it by taking it to a place that collects used oil.

Engine Oil Life System

When to Change Engine Oil This vehicle has a computer system that indicates when to change the engine oil and filter. This is based on a combination of factors which include engine revolutions, engine temperature, and miles driven. Based on driving conditions, the mileage at which an oil change is indicated can vary considerably. For the oil life system to work properly, the system must be reset every time the oil is changed. When the system has calculated that oil life has been diminished, it indicates that an oil change is necessary. A CHANGE ENGINE OIL SOON message comes on.

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See Engine Oil Messages on page 5‑35. Change the oil as soon as possible within the next 1 000 km (600 mi). It is possible that, if driving under the best conditions, the oil life system might indicate that an oil change is not necessary for up to a year. The engine oil and filter must be changed at least once a year and at this time the system must be reset. Your dealer has trained service people who will perform this work and reset the system. It is also important to check the oil regularly over the course of an oil drain interval and keep it at the proper level. If the system is ever reset accidentally, the oil must be changed at 5 000 km (3,000 mi) since the last oil change. Remember to reset the oil life system whenever the oil is changed.

How to Reset the Engine Oil Life System Reset the system whenever the engine oil is changed so that the system can calculate the next engine oil change. To reset the system: 1. Using the DIC MENU button and

thumbwheel on the turn signal lever, display REMAINING OIL LIFE on the DIC. See Driver Information Center (DIC) on page 5‑27 and Engine Oil Messages on page 5‑35.

2. Press the SET/CLR button to

reset the oil life at 100%. Be careful not to reset the oil life display accidentally at any time other than after the oil is changed. It cannot be reset accurately until the next oil change.

Vehicle Care

10-11

The oil life system can also be reset as follows: 1. Turn the ignition on with the

engine off.

2. Fully press and release the

accelerator pedal three times within five seconds. If the CHANGE ENGINE OIL SOON message is not on, the system is reset.

The system is reset when the CHANGE ENGINE OIL SOON message is off. If the CHANGE ENGINE OIL SOON message comes back on when the vehicle is started, the engine oil life system has not been reset. Repeat the procedure.

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10-12

Vehicle Care

Automatic Transmission Fluid

How to Check Automatic Transmission Fluid It is not necessary to check the transmission fluid level. A transmission fluid leak is the only reason for fluid loss. If a leak occurs, take the vehicle to your dealer and have it repaired as soon as possible. There is a special procedure for checking and changing the transmission fluid. Because this procedure is difficult, you should have this done at your dealer. Contact your dealer for additional information or the procedure can be found in the service manual. To purchase a service manual, see Service Publications Ordering Information on page 13‑18.

Change the fluid and filter at the intervals listed in Maintenance Schedule on page 11‑4, and be sure to use the fluid listed in Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑13.

Engine Air Cleaner/Filter See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑6 for the location of the engine air cleaner/filter. When to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter Inspect the air cleaner/filter at the scheduled maintenance intervals and replace it at the first oil change after each 80 000 km (50,000 mi) interval. See Maintenance Schedule on page 11‑4 for more information. If driving in dusty/dirty conditions, inspect the filter at each engine oil change.

How to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner/Filter To inspect the air cleaner/filter, remove the filter from the vehicle and lightly shake the filter to release loose dust and dirt. If the filter remains covered with dirt, a new filter is required. Never use compressed air to clean the filter. To inspect or replace the engine air cleaner/filter: 1. Open the hood. See Hood on

page 10‑5.

2. Locate the air filter housing on the front of the passenger side of the engine compartment. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑6.

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Vehicle Care

10-13

9. Retighten the air duct clamp. 10. Reconnect the electrical

connector.

{ WARNING

Operating the engine with the air cleaner/filter off can cause you or others to be burned. The air cleaner not only cleans the air; it helps to stop flames if the engine backfires. Use caution when working on the engine and do not drive with the air cleaner/filter off.

Notice: If the air cleaner/filter is off, dirt can easily get into the engine, which could damage it. Always have the air cleaner/filter in place when you are driving. Notice: Installing an air cleaner different than the one recommended in Maintenance Replacement Parts may cause engine damage not covered by the vehicle warranty.

A. Air Duct Clamp B. Electrical Connector C. Retaining Clips

3. Disconnect the outlet duct by

loosening the air duct clamp (A).

4. Disconnect the electrical

connector (B).

5. Lift the 3 retaining clips (C) on

the air filter housing.

6. Tilt and lift the cover slightly upwards and slide the cover away from outside edge of the vehicle. Remove the air filter.

A. Cover Cut Outs B. Air Filter Tabs

7. To install the air filter, place filter inside box where the pleats fit in between the tabs located inside the lower box. Ensure that the cover cut outs (A) on both sides match the air filter tabs (B) on both sides.

8. Replace air cleaner cover by inserting the 4 tabs into the 4 slots. Lower cover to meet bottom of box. Place the 3 clips on retention features and clip closed.

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10-14

Vehicle Care

Cooling System When it is safe to lift the hood:

A. Engine Cooling Fan

(Out of View)

B. Engine Coolant Surge Tank and

Pressure Cap

{ WARNING

{ WARNING

An electric engine cooling fan under the hood can start up even when the engine is not running and can cause injury. Keep hands, clothing, and tools away from any underhood electric fan.

If the coolant inside the coolant surge tank is boiling, do not do anything else until it cools down. The vehicle should be parked on a level surface. The coolant level should be between the MIN and MAX lines. If it is not, the vehicle may have a leak at the radiator hoses, heater hoses, radiator, water pump, or somewhere else in the cooling system.

Heater and radiator hoses, and other engine parts, can be very hot. Do not touch them. If you do, you can be burned. Do not run the engine if there is a leak. If you run the engine, it could lose all coolant. That could cause an engine fire, and you could be burned. Get any leak fixed before you drive the vehicle.

If there seems to be no leak, with the engine on, check to see if the electric engine cooling fan is running. If the engine is overheating, the fan should be running. If it is not, the vehicle needs service. Turn off the engine.

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What to Use

{ WARNING

Adding only plain water or some other liquid to the cooling system can be dangerous. Plain water and other liquids, can boil before the proper coolant mixture will. The coolant warning system is set for the proper coolant mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture, the engine could get too hot but you would not get the overheat warning. The engine could catch fire and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant.

Notice: Using coolant other than DEX-COOL® can cause premature engine, heater core, or radiator corrosion. In addition, the engine coolant could require changing sooner, at 50 000 km (30,000 mi) or 24 months, whichever occurs first. Any repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Always use DEX-COOL (silicate-free) coolant in the vehicle.

Engine Coolant The cooling system in the vehicle is filled with DEX-COOL® engine coolant. This coolant is designed to remain in the vehicle for 5 years or 240 000 km (150,000 mi), whichever occurs first. The following explains the cooling system and how to check and add coolant when it is low. If there is a problem with engine overheating, see Engine Overheating on page 10‑18

Vehicle Care

10-15

Use a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant. If using this mixture, nothing else needs to be added. This mixture: . Gives freezing protection down

to −37°C (−34°F), outside temperature.

. Gives boiling protection up

to 129°C (265°F), engine temperature.

. Protects against rust and

corrosion.

. Will not damage aluminum parts. . Helps keep the proper engine

temperature.

Notice: If an improper coolant mixture is used, the engine could overheat and be badly damaged. The repair cost would not be covered by the vehicle warranty. Too much water in the mixture can freeze and crack the engine, radiator, heater core, and other parts.

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10-16

Vehicle Care

Never dispose of engine coolant by putting it in the trash, pouring it on the ground, or into sewers, streams, or bodies of water. Have the coolant changed by an authorized service center, familiar with legal requirements regarding used coolant disposal. This will help protect the environment and your health. Checking Coolant The vehicle must be on a level surface when checking the coolant level. Check to see if coolant is visible in the coolant surge tank. If the coolant inside the coolant surge tank is boiling, do not do anything else until it cools down. If coolant is visible but the coolant level is not at the indicated mark, add a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant at the coolant surge tank, but be sure the cooling system is cool before this is done. See Engine Overheating on page 10‑18 for more information.

The coolant surge tank is located in the engine compartment on the driver side of the vehicle. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑6 for more information on location. How to Add Coolant to the Coolant Surge Tank Notice: This vehicle has a specific coolant fill procedure. Failure to follow this procedure could cause the engine to overheat and be severely damaged. If no problem is found, check to see if coolant is visible in the coolant surge tank. If coolant is visible but the coolant level is not at the indicated level mark, add a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant at the coolant surge tank, but be sure the cooling system, including the coolant surge tank pressure cap, is cool before you do it.

{ WARNING

Steam and scalding liquids from a hot cooling system can blow out and burn you badly. They are under pressure, and if you turn the coolant surge tank pressure cap — even a little — they can come out at high speed. Never turn the cap when the cooling system, including the coolant surge tank pressure cap, is hot. Wait for the cooling system and coolant surge tank pressure cap to cool if you ever have to turn the pressure cap.

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Vehicle Care

10-17

{ WARNING

Adding only plain water or some other liquid to the cooling system can be dangerous. Plain water and other liquids, can boil before the proper coolant mixture will. The coolant warning system is set for the proper coolant mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture, the engine could get too hot but you would not get the overheat warning. The engine could catch fire and you or others could be burned. Use a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and DEX-COOL coolant.

Notice: In cold weather, water can freeze and crack the engine, radiator, heater core and other parts. Use the recommended coolant and the proper coolant mixture.

{ WARNING

You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts. Coolant contains ethylene glycol and it will burn if the engine parts are hot enough. Do not spill coolant on a hot engine.

1. Remove the coolant surge tank pressure cap when the cooling system, including the coolant surge tank pressure cap and upper radiator hose, is no longer hot. Turn the pressure cap slowly counterclockwise about one-quarter of a turn. If you hear a hiss, wait for that to stop. This will allow any pressure still left to be vented out the discharge hose.

2. Then keep turning the pressure

cap slowly and remove it.

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10-18

Vehicle Care

3. Fill the coolant surge tank with the proper DEX-COOL coolant mixture to the indicated level mark.

4. With the coolant surge tank

pressure cap off, start the engine and let it run until you can feel the upper radiator hose getting hot. Watch out for the engine cooling fan. By this time, the coolant level inside the coolant surge tank may be lower. If the level is lower, add more of the proper DEX-COOL® coolant mixture to the coolant surge tank until the level reaches the indicated level mark.

5. Then replace the pressure cap.

Be sure the pressure cap is hand-tight.

Check the level in the coolant surge tank when the cooling system has cooled down. If the coolant is not at the proper level, repeat Steps 1
through 3 and reinstall the pressure cap. If the coolant still is not at the proper level when the system cools down again, see your dealer.

Engine Overheating The vehicle has an indicator to warn of engine overheating. There is an engine coolant temperature warning light on the vehicle's instrument panel. See Engine Coolant Temperature Gauge on page 5‑14. If the decision is made not to lift the hood when this warning appears, but instead get service help right away. See Roadside Service (U.S. and Canada) on page 13‑8
or Roadside Service (Mexico) on page 13‑10.

If the decision is made to lift the hood, make sure the vehicle is parked on a level surface. Then check to see if the engine cooling fans are running. If the engine is overheating, both fans should be running. If they are not, do not continue to run the engine and have the vehicle serviced. Notice: Engine damage from running the engine without coolant is not covered by the warranty. Notice: If the engine catches fire because of being driven with no coolant, the vehicle can be badly damaged. The costly repairs would not be covered by the vehicle warranty.

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If Steam Is Coming from the Engine Compartment { WARNING

Steam from an overheated engine can burn you badly, even if you just open the hood. Stay away from the engine if you see or hear steam coming from it. Just turn it off and get everyone away from the vehicle until it cools down. Wait until there is no sign of steam or coolant before you open the hood. If you keep driving when the engine is overheated, the liquids in it can catch fire. You or others could be badly burned. Stop the engine if it overheats, and get out of the vehicle until the engine is cool.

If No Steam Is Coming from the Engine Compartment If an engine overheat warning is displayed but no steam can be seen or heard, the problem may not be too serious. Sometimes the engine can get a little too hot when the vehicle: . Climbs a long hill on a hot day . Stops after high-speed driving Idles for long periods in traffic Tows a trailer

If the overheat warning displays with no sign of steam: 1. Turn the air off. 2. Turn the heater on to the highest

temperature and to the highest fan speed. Open the windows as necessary.

Vehicle Care

10-19

3.

In heavy traffic, let the engine idle in N (Neutral) while stopped. If it is safe to do so, pull off the road, shift to P (Park) or N (Neutral) and let the engine idle.

If the temperature overheat gauge is no longer in the overheat zone or an overheat warning no longer displays, the vehicle can be driven. Continue to drive the vehicle slowly for about 10 minutes. Keep a safe vehicle distance from the vehicle in front. If the warning does not come back on, continue to drive normally. If the warning continues, pull over, stop, and park the vehicle right away. If there is no sign of steam, idle the engine for three minutes while parked. If the warning is still displayed, turn off the engine until it cools down.

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10-20

Vehicle Care

Power Steering Fluid

See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑6 for reservoir location. When to Check Power Steering Fluid It is not necessary to regularly check power steering fluid unless a leak is suspected in the system or unusual noise is heard. A fluid loss in this system could indicate a problem. Have the system inspected and repaired.

How to Check Power Steering Fluid Notice: Extremely small amounts of contamination can cause steering system damage and cause it to not work properly. Do not allow contaminants to contact the fluid side of the reservoir cap/dipstick or to enter the reservoir. To check the power steering fluid: 1. Turn the engine off and let the

engine compartment cool down.

2. Remove the engine cover,

if required. See Engine Cover on page 10‑7.

3. Wipe the cap and the top of the

reservoir clean.

4. Unscrew the cap and wipe the

dipstick with a clean rag.

5. Replace the cap and completely

tighten it.

6. Remove the cap again and look at the fluid level on the dipstick.

The level should be within the HOT mark. If necessary, add only enough fluid to bring the level within the mark. What to Use To determine what kind of fluid to use, see Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑13. Always use the proper fluid.

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Washer Fluid

What to Use When windshield washer fluid is needed, be sure to read the manufacturer's instructions before use. If operating the vehicle in an area where the temperature may fall below freezing, use a fluid that has sufficient protection against freezing.

Adding Washer Fluid The WASHER FLUID LOW ADD FLUID message appears on the Driver Information Center (DIC) when the fluid level is low.

Open the cap with the washer symbol on it. Add washer fluid up to the fill mark. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑6 for reservoir location.

Vehicle Care

10-21

Notice

. When using concentrated

washer fluid, follow the manufacturer's instructions for adding water.

. Do not mix water with

ready-to-use washer fluid. Water can cause the solution to freeze and damage the washer fluid tank and other parts of the washer system.

. Fill the washer fluid tank

only three-quarters full when it is very cold. This allows for fluid expansion if freezing occurs, which could damage the tank if it is completely full.

. Do not use engine coolant

(antifreeze) in the windshield washer. It can damage the windshield washer system and paint.

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10-22

Vehicle Care

Brakes This vehicle has disc brakes. Disc brake pads have built-in wear indicators that make a high-pitched warning sound when the brake pads are worn and new pads are needed. The sound can come and go or be heard all the time the vehicle is moving, except when applying the brake pedal firmly.

{ WARNING

The brake wear warning sound means that soon the brakes will not work well. That could lead to a crash. When the brake wear warning sound is heard, have the vehicle serviced.

Notice: Continuing to drive with worn-out brake pads could result in costly brake repair.

Some driving conditions or climates can cause a brake squeal when the brakes are first applied or lightly applied. This does not mean something is wrong with the brakes. Properly torqued wheel nuts are necessary to help prevent brake pulsation. When tires are rotated, inspect brake pads for wear and evenly tighten wheel nuts in the proper sequence to torque specifications in Capacities and Specifications on page 12‑2. Brake linings should always be replaced as complete axle sets. Brake Pedal Travel See your dealer if the brake pedal does not return to normal height, or if there is a rapid increase in pedal travel. This could be a sign that brake service might be required.

Brake Adjustment Every time the brakes are applied, with or without the vehicle moving, the brakes adjust for wear. Replacing Brake System Parts The braking system on a vehicle is complex. Its many parts have to be of top quality and work well together if the vehicle is to have really good braking. The vehicle was designed and tested with top-quality brake parts. When parts of the braking system are replaced, be sure to get new, approved replacement parts. If this is not done, the brakes might not work properly. For example, installing disc brake pads that are wrong for the vehicle, can change the balance between the front and rear brakes — for the worse. The braking performance expected can change in many other ways if the wrong replacement brake parts are installed.

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Brake Fluid

The brake master cylinder reservoir is filled with DOT 3 brake fluid as indicated on the reservoir cap. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑6 for the location of the reservoir.

There are only two reasons why the brake fluid level in the reservoir might go down:

The brake fluid level goes down because of normal brake lining wear. When new linings are installed, the fluid level goes back up.

. A fluid leak in the brake

hydraulic system can also cause a low fluid level. Have the brake hydraulic system fixed, since a leak means that sooner or later the brakes will not work well.

Do not top off the brake fluid. Adding fluid does not correct a leak. If fluid is added when the linings are worn, there will be too much fluid when new brake linings are installed. Add or remove brake fluid, as necessary, only when work is done on the brake hydraulic system.

Vehicle Care

10-23

{ WARNING

If too much brake fluid is added, it can spill on the engine and burn, if the engine is hot enough. You or others could be burned, and the vehicle could be damaged. Add brake fluid only when work is done on the brake hydraulic system.

When the brake fluid falls to a low level, the brake warning light comes on. See Brake System Warning Light on page 5‑21.

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10-24

Vehicle Care

What to Add Use only new DOT 3 brake fluid from a sealed container. See Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 11‑13. Always clean the brake fluid reservoir cap and the area around the cap before removing it. This helps keep dirt from entering the reservoir.

{ WARNING

With the wrong kind of fluid in the brake hydraulic system, the brakes might not work well. This could cause a crash. Always use the proper brake fluid.

Notice

. Using the wrong fluid

can badly damage brake hydraulic system parts. For example, just a few drops of mineral-based oil, such as engine oil, in the brake hydraulic system can damage brake hydraulic system parts so badly that they will have to be replaced. Do not let someone put in the wrong kind of fluid.

. If brake fluid is spilled on the

vehicle's painted surfaces, the paint finish can be damaged. Be careful not to spill brake fluid on the vehicle. If you do, wash it off immediately.

Battery Refer to the replacement number shown on the original battery label when a new battery is needed. See Engine Compartment Overview on page 10‑6 for battery location.

{ WARNING

Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling.

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Vehicle Storage

{ WARNING

All-Wheel Drive

Transfer Case

When to Check and Change Lubricant The transfer case is filled with oil during manufacture, which then does not require changing. It is not necessary to regularly check the transfer case fluid unless there is a leak suspected or an unusual noise is heard. A fluid loss could indicate a problem. It is recommended to have the transfer case serviced at your dealer.

Batteries have acid that can burn you and gas that can explode. You can be badly hurt if you are not careful. See Jump Starting on page 10‑88 for tips on working around a battery without getting hurt.

Infrequent Usage: Remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery to keep the battery from running down. Extended Storage: Remove the black, negative (−) cable from the battery or use a battery trickle charger.

Vehicle Care

10-25

Starter Switch Check

{ WARNING When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.

1. Before starting this check, be

sure there is enough room around the vehicle.

2. Firmly apply both the parking brake and the regular brake. See Parking Brake on page 9‑30. Do not use the accelerator pedal, and be ready to turn off the engine immediately if it starts.

3. Try to start the engine in each gear. The vehicle should start only in P (Park) or N (Neutral). If the vehicle starts in any other position, contact your dealer for service.

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10-26

Vehicle Care

Automatic Transmission Shift Lock Control Function Check

{ WARNING When you are doing this inspection, the vehicle could move suddenly. If the vehicle moves, you or others could be injured.

1. Before starting this check,

be sure there is enough room around the vehicle. It should be parked on a level surface.

2. Firmly apply the parking

brake. See Parking Brake on page 9‑30. Be ready to apply the regular brake immediately if the vehicle begins to move.

3. With the engine off, turn the

ignition on, but do not start the engine. Without applying the regular brake, try to move the shift lever out of P (Park) with normal effort. If the shift lever moves out of P (Park), contact your dealer for service.

Park Brake and P (Park) Mechanism Check { WARNING

When you are doing this check, the vehicle could begin to move. You or others could be injured and property could be damaged. Make sure there is room in front of the vehicle in case it begins to roll. Be ready to apply the regular brake at once should the vehicle begin to move.

Park on a fairly steep hill, with the vehicle facing downhill. Keeping your foot on the regular brake, set the parking brake.