1995 Cadillac Seville Owners Manual

inserted into the player, press the knob to change sides.)

The Lower Knob Turn the lower knob to choose radio stations. Press the knob to switch between AM and FM. Behind the lower knob is the fade control. It moves the sound between the front and rear speakers.

Finding a Station SCAN When you press this button, the SCAN indicator in the display will light and the radio will find the next station and stay there for about five seconds. Then it will go to the next station and pause, and keep doing that until you press either the SCAN button again or the upper knob. SEEK This button selects stations, but it doesn’t keep moving as SCAN does. When you press SEEK the radio will automatically go to the next station and stay there. Pushbuttons: You can set the pushbuttons to get up to 10 favorite stations (five on FM and five more on AM.) 1. Choose either AM or FM. 2. Tune in the station. 3. Press the SET button. 4. Press one of the five pushbuttons within five seconds. 5. Repeat these steps for each of the five pushbuttons.

3- 15

Setting the Tone BASS: The slide control increases or decreases the bass response tone. Moving the control to the right increases bass while moving it to the left decreases it. TREBLE: The slide control increases or decreases the treble response tone. Moving the control to the right increases the treble while moving it to the left decreases it. Your Cassette Tape Player Your cassette tape player works best with tapes that are 30 to 45 minutes long on each side. Tapes longer than that are so thin that they may not work well in this player. If you look at the tape, or on its label or box, it should say whether its bias, or “equalization,” is 70 microseconds (70 p) or 120 microseconds (120 p). Chrome and metal tapes are 70 p sec and standard iron tapes are 120 p sec. Your tape player will adjust automatically for either type of cassette tape.

To Play a Cassette Tape 1. Turn the radio on. 2. Insert the cassette through the tape door. (The TAPE indicator in the

display will light.)

If you hear nothing or hear just a garbled sound, the cassette may not be in squarely. Press the EJCT button to remove the tape and start over. The tape equalization is automatically sensed and set. Inserting the cassette also activates DOLBY@ noise reduction. DNR@ is the Dynamic Noise Reduction. It helps remove background hiss noise from the radio. *DNR@ is a registered trademark of National Semiconductor Corporation. 3. Once the tape is playing, use the upper and lower knobs to adjust the volume and balance, just as you do for the radio. Press the upper knob to change tape direction. The arrow in the display shows which direction the tape is being played.

3-16

FWD: Press this button to go forward rapidly to another part of the tape. The radio will play during fast forward. To stop the tape press the same button and the tape will start to play. REV: Press this button to reverse the tape. To stop the tape press the same button lightly or any of the other buttons. The radio will play during this reverse function. PREV: Press this button to go back to the beginning of the last selection. If the player has played less than 10 seconds into the current selection, pressing the PREV button will cause the player to find the beginning of the previous selection and resume play from that point. If the player is more than 10 seconds into the current selection, pressing the PREV button will cause the player to find the beginning of the current selection and resume play from that point. If PREV is pressed while the first selection on the tape is being played, the player will return to the beginning of that side of the tape. NEXT: Press this button to advance to the next selection. If the selection is at the end of the tape, the tape will reverse directions and begin playing at a normal speed. ST/PL Press this button to switch back to the radio without ejecting the tape. Press it a second time to start playing the tape again. EJCT Press this button to remove the tape. To Play a Compact Disc Before you begin, please note: don’t use the mini-discs that are called “singles” (even with an adapter). They won’t eject. Use full-size compact discs only. 1. Turn the radio on. 2. Insert a CD (label side up) partway into the slot. The player will pull it in. Wait a few seconds and the CD will play. Then only the time of day and CD will display.

If the CD comes back out, check to see if 0 The disc is upside down. 0 The disc is dirty, scratched or wet. 0 There’s too much moisture in the air. If there is, wait about one hour

and try it again.

LI

ERR: This error message is displayed if you have a condition of either extreme temperature, moisture or an incorrect CD. The CD will automatically be ejected. When conditions are back to normal the CD should play again. RCL/PROG: Press this recall/program button once to see what track is being played. Within five seconds press it a second time to see how long the track has been playing. Press it a third time to see the time of day. REV: Press and hold the reverse button to return rapidly within a track. Release it to play the passage. The elapsed time will be displayed to show the reverse progress of the CD. FWD: Press and hold this forward button to advance rapidly within a track. Release it to resume playing. Elapsed time will be displayed to show the forward progress of the CD. PREV: Press this button to go back to the beginning of the track. Pressing this button when in the pause period between tracks will take it back to the start of the track preceding the pause. NEXT: Press this button to advance to the next track. ST/PL: Press this button and the tape or CD will stop without ejecting and the radio will start to play. Press it again and the tape or CD will start to play again. EJCT Press this button to remove the tape or CD. If you have both a CD and a tape in the player, then the other playback media will start to play. Press it again and the other media will eject. COMP: Pressing this button makes soft and loud passages more equal in volume. For example, classical or jazz music has very quiet and very loud passages in the same tune. The COMP display will light as long as COMP is on.

Tips about Your Audio System Be aware that hearing damage from loud noise is almost undetectable until it is too late. Your hearing can adapt to higher volumes of sound. Sound that seems normal can be loud and harmful to your hearing. Take precautions by adjusting the volume control on your radio to a safe sound level before your hearing adapts to it. To help avoid hearing loss or damage:

Adjust the volume control to the lowest setting. Increase volume slowly until you hear comfortably and clearly.

- - - -

NOTICE: Before you add any sound equipment to your vehicle -- like a tape player, CB radio, mobile telephone or two-way radio -- be sure you can add what you want. If you can, it’s very important to do it properly. Added sound equipment may interfere with the operation of your vehicle’s engine, Delco@ radio or other systems, and even damage them. And, your vehicle’s systems may interfere with the operation of sound equipment that has been added improperly. So, before adding sound equipment, check with your dealer and be sure to check Federal rules covering mobile radio and telephone units.

c --

3-19

Care of Your Cassette Tape Pkyer A tape player that is not cleaned regularly can cause reduced sound quality, ruined cassettes or a damaged mechanism. Cassette tapes should be stored in their cases away from contaminants, direct sunlight and extreme heat. If they aren’t, they may not operate properly or cause failure of the tape player. Your tape player should be cleaned regularly each month or after every 50 hours of use. If you notice a reduction in sound quality, try a known good cassette to see if the tape or the tape player is at fault. If this other cassette has no improvement in sound quality, clean the tape player. Cleaning may be done with a scrubbing action, non-abrasive cleaning cassette. This system uses a cleaning cassette with pads which scrub the tape head as the hubs of the cleaner cassette turn. It is normal for the cartridge to eject while cleaning. Insert the cassette at least three times to ensure thorough cleaning. A scrubbing action cleaning cassette is available through your Cadillac dealership. You may also choose a non-scrubbing action, wet-type cleaner which uses a cassette with a fabric belt to clean the tape head. This type of cleaning cassette will not eject. It may not clean as thoroughly as the scrubbing type cleaner. Cassette tapes are subject to wear and the sound quality may degrade over time. Always make sure that the cassette tape is in good condition before you have your tape player serviced. Care of Your Compact Discs Handle discs carefully. Store them in their original cases or other protective cases and away from direct sunlight and dust. If the surface of a disc is soiled, dampen a clean, soft cloth in a mild, neutral detergent solution and clean it, wiping from the center to the edge. Be sure never to touch the signal surface when handling discs. Pick up discs by grasping the outer edges or the edge of the hole and the outer edge.

LI...

L- J

3 -20

Power Antenna Mast Care

c _ Your power antenna will look its best and work well if it’s cleaned from

time to time. To Clean the Antenna Mast 1. Turn on the ignition and radio to raise the antenna to full mast

extension.

2. Dampen a clean cloth with mineral spirits or an equivalent solvent. 3. Wipe the cloth over the mast sections, removing any dirt. 4. Wipe dry with a clean cloth before retracting. 5. Make the antenna go up and down by turning the radio or ignition on

and off.

6. Repeat if necessary.

NOTICE: Don’t lubricate the power antenna. Lubrication could damage it.

NOTICE: Before entering an automatic car wash, turn off your radio to make the power antenna go down. This will prevent the mast from possibly getting damaged. If the antenna does not go down when you turn the radio off, it may be damaged or need to be cleaned. In either case, lower the antenna by hand by carefully pressing the antenna down.

3-21

NOTES

3-22

i

SECTION 4. 7

YOUR DRIVING AND THE ROAD

4- 1

DEFENSIVE DRWTNG The best advice anyone can give about driving is: Drive defensively. Please start with a very important safety device in your Cadillac: Buckle up. (See “Safety Belts” in the Index.) Defensive driving really means “be ready for anything.” On city streets, rural roads, or freeways, it means “always expect the unexpected.” Assume that pedestrians or other drivers are going to be careless and make mistakes. Anticipate what they might do. Be ready for their mistakes. Rear-end collisions are about the most preventable of accidents. Yet they are common. Allow enough following distance. It’s the best defensive driving maneuver, in both city and rural driving. You never know when the vehicle in front of you is going to brake or turn suddenly. DRUNICEN D M N G Death and injury associated with drinking and driving is a national tragedy. It’s the number one contributor to the highway death toll, claiming thousands of victims every year. Alcohol affects four things that anyone needs to drive a vehicle: 0 Judgment

Muscular Coordination Vision

L - i

0 Attentiveness involve alcohol. In most cases, these deaths are the result of someone who - Police records show that almost half of all motor vehicle-related deaths was drinking and driving. In recent years, some 18,000 annual motor vehicle-related deaths have been associated with the use of alcohol, with more than 300,000 people injured.

Many adults -- by some estimates, nearly half the adult population -- choose never to drink alcohol, so they never drive after drinking. For persons under 21, it’s against the law in every U.S. state to drink alcohol. There are good medical, psychological and developmental reasons for these laws. The obvious way to solve this highway safety problem is for people never to drink alcohol and then drive. But what if people do? How much is “too much” if the driver plans to drive? It’s a lot less than many might think. Although it depends on each person and situation, here is some general information on the problem. The Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) of someone who is drinking depends upon four things: 0 How much alcohol consumed 0 The drinker’s body weight 0 The amount of food that is consumed before and during drinking 0 The length of time it has taken the drinker to consume the alcohol According to the American Medical Association, a 180-pound (82 kg) person who drinks three 12-ounce (355 ml) bottles of beer in an hour will end up with a BAC of about 0.06 percent. The person would reach the same BAC by drinking three 4-ounce (120 ml) glasses of wine or three mixed drinks if each had 1-1/2 ounces (45 ml) of a liquor like whiskey, gin or vodka.

4-3

It’s the amount of alcohol that counts. For example, if the same person drank three double martinis (3 ounces or 90 ml of liquor each) within an hour, the person’s BAC would be close to 0.12 percent. A person who consumes food just before or during drinking will have a somewhat lower BAC level. There is a gender difference, too. Women generally have a lower relative percentage of body water than men. Since alcohol is carried in body water, this means that a woman generally will reach a higher BAC level than a man of her same body weight when each has the same number of drinks. The law in many U.S. states sets the legal limit at a BAC of 0.10 percent. In a growing number of U.S. states, and throughout Canada, the limit is 0.08 percent. In some other countries it’s even lower. The BAC limit for all commercial drivers in the U.S. is 0.04 percent. The BAC will be over 0.10 percent after three to six drinks (in one hour). Of course, as we’ve seen, it depends on how much alcohol is in the drinks, and how quickly the person drinks them.

4-4

But the ability to drive is affected well below a BAC of 0.10 percent. Research shows that the driving skills of many people are impaired at a BAC approaching 0.05 percent, and that the effects are worse at night. All drivers are impaired at BAC levels above 0.05 percent. Statistics show that the chance of being in a collision increases sharply for drivers who have a BAC of 0.05 percent or above. A driver with a BAC level of 0.06 percent has doubled his or her chance of having a collision. At a BAC level of 0.10 percent, the chance of this driver having a collision is twelve times greater; at a level of 0.15 percent, the chance is twenty-five times greater! The body takes about an hour to rid itself of the alcohol in one drink. No amount of coffee or number of cold showers will speed that up. “I’ll be careful’’ isn’t the right answer. What if there’s an emergency, a need to take sudden action, as when a child darts into the street? A person with even a moderate BAC might not be able to react quickly enough to avoid the collision. There’s something else about drinking and driving that many people don’t know. Medical research shows that alcohol in a person’s system can make crash injuries worse, especially injuries to the brain, spinal cord or heart. This means that when anyone who has been drinking -- driver or passenger -- is in a crash, that person’s chance of being killed or permanently disabled is higher than if the person had not been drinking.

LL

CL

- _-

c-

4-5

CONTROL OFA VEHICLE You have three systems that make your vehicle go where you want it to go. cd They are the brakes, the steering and the accelerator. All three systems have to do their work at the places where the tires meet the road.

Sometimes, as when you're driving on snow or ice, it's easy to ask more of those control systems than the tires and road can provide. That means you can lose control of your vehicle.

4-6

Braking action involves perception time and reaction time. First, you have to decide to push on the brake pedal. That’sperception time. Then you have to bring up your foot and do it. That’s reaction time. Average reaction time is about 3/4 of a second. But that’s only an average. It might be less with one driver and as long as two or three seconds or more with another. Age, physical condition, alertness, coordination, and eyesight all play a part. So do alcohol, drugs and frustration. But even in 3/4 of a second, a vehicle moving at 60 mph (100 km/h) travels 66 feet (20 m). That could be a lot of distance in an emergency, so keeping enough space between your vehicle and others is important. And, of course, actual stopping distances vary greatly with the surface of the road (whether it’s pavement or gravel); the condition of the road (wet, dry, icy); tire tread; and the condition of your brakes. Avoid needless heavy braking. Some people drive in spurts -- heavy acceleration followed by heavy braking -- rather than keeping pace with traffic. This is a mistake. Your brakes may not have time to cool between hard stops. Your brakes will wear out much faster if you do a lot of heavy braking. If you keep pace with the traffic and allow realistic following distances, you will eliminate a lot of unnecessary braking. That means better braking and longer brake life. If your engine ever stops while you’re driving, brake normally but don’t pump your brakes. If you do, the pedal may get harder to push down. If your engine stops, you will still have some power brake assist. But you will use it when you brake. Once the power assist is used up, it may take longer to stop and the brake pedal will be harder to push.

4-7

Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS) Your Cadillac has an advanced electronic braking system that will help prevent a braking skid.

ANTI-

LOCK (0

ABS)

c-

c ..*

This light on the instrument panel will come on briefly when you start your vehicle. When you start your vehicle and begin to drive away, you may hear a momentary motor or clicking noise. And you may even notice that your brake pedal moves a little while this is going on. This is the ABS system testing itself. If there’s a problem with the anti-lock brake system, the anti-lock brake system warning light will stay on. See “Anti-Lock Brake System Warning Light” in the Index.

4-8

Here’s how anti-lock works. Let’s say the road is wet. You’re driving safely. Suddenly an animal jumps out in front of you. You slam on the brakes. Here’s what happens with ABS. A computer senses that wheels are slowing down. If one of the wheels is about to stop rolling, the computer will separately work the brakes at each front wheel and at the rear wheels. The anti-lock system can change the brake pressure faster than any driver could. The computer is programmed to make the most of available tire and road conditions.

You can steer around the obstacle while braking hard. As you brake, your computer keeps receiving updates on wheel speed and controls braking pressure accordingly. Remember: Anti-lock doesn’t change the time you need to get your foot up to the brake pedal. If you get too close to the vehicle in front of you, you won’t have time to apply your brakes if that vehicle suddenly slows or stops. Always leave enough room up ahead to stop, even though you have anti-lock brakes. To Use Anti-Lock Don’t pump the brakes. Just hold the brake pedal down and let anti-lock work for you. You may hear the anti-lock pump or motor operate, and feel the brake pedal pulsate, but this is normal.

rc-

c.4 .

c-

c-

4-10

Traction Control System Your vehicle has a traction control system that limits wheel spin. This is especially useful in slippery road conditions. The system operates only if it senses that one or both of the front wheels are spinning or beginning to lose traction. When this happens, the system works the front brakes and reduces engine power (by shutting off fuel injectors) to limit wheel spin. The TRACTION ACTIVE message will display on the Drivef Information Center when the traction control system is limiting wheel spin. See “Driver Information Center Messages” in the Index. You may feel the system working, or you may notice some noise, but this is normal. If your vehicle is in cruise control when the traction control system begins to limit wheel spin, the cruise control will automatically disengage. When road conditions allow you to safely use it again, you may re-engage the cruise control. (See “Cruise Control” in the Index.) The TRACTION DISABLED message will display on the Driver Information Center to let you know if there’s a problem with your traction control system. See “Driver Information Center Messages” in the Index. When this message is displayed, the system will not limit wheel spin. Adjust your driving accordingly. Braking in Emergencies Use your anti-lock braking system when you need to. With anti-lock, you can steer and brake at the same time. In many emergencies, steering can help you more than even the very best braking.

--

4-1 1

STEERING Power Steering If you lose power steering assist because the engine stops or the system is not functioning, you can steer but it will take much more effort. Steering Tips Driving on Curves It’s important to take curves at a reasonable speed. A lot of the “driver lost control” accidents mentioned on the news happen on curves. Here’s why: Experienced driver or beginner, each of us is subject to the same laws of physics when driving on curves. The traction of the tires against the road surface makes it possible for the vehicle to change its path when you turn the front wheels. If there’s no traction, inertia will keep the vehicle going in the same direction. If you’ve ever tried to steer a vehicle on wet ice, you’ll understand this. The traction you can get in a curve depends on the condition of your tires and the road surface, the angle at which the curve is banked, and your speed. While you’re in a curve, speed is the one factor you can control. Speed limit signs near curves warn that you should adjust your speed. Of course, the posted speeds are based on good weather and road conditions. Under less favorable conditions you’ll want to go slower. If you need to reduce your speed as you approach a curve, do it before you enter the curve, while your front wheels are straight ahead. Try to adjust your speed so you can “drive’’ through the curve. Maintain a reasonable, steady speed. Wait to accelerate until you are out of the curve, and then accelerate gently into the straightaway.

4-12

Steering in Emergencies There are times when steering can be more effective than braking. For example, you come over a hill and find a truck stopped in your lane, or a car suddenly pulls out from nowhere, or a child darts out from between parked cars and stops right in front of you. You can avoid these problems by braking -- if you can stop in time. But sometimes you can’t; there isn’t room. That’s the time for evasive action -- steering around the problem. Your Cadillac can perform very well in emergencies like these. First apply your brakes. It is better to remove as much speed as you can from a possible collision. Then steer around the problem, to the left or right depending on the space available. An emergency like this requires close attention and a quick decision. If you are holding the steering wheel at the recommended 9 and 3 o’clock positions, you can turn it a full 180 degrees very quickly without removing either hand. But you have to act fast, steer quickly, and just as quickly straighten the wheel once you have avoided the object.

: . .

The fact that such emergency situations are always possible is a good reason to practice defensive driving at all times and wear safety belts properly.

4- 13

OFF-ROAD RECOVERY You may find sometime that your right wheels have dropped off the edge of a road onto the shoulder while you’re driving. If the level of the shoulder is only slightly below the pavement, recovery should be fairly easy. Ease off the accelerator and then, if there is nothing in the way, steer so that your vehicle straddles the edge of the pavement. You can turn the steering wheel up to 1/4 turn until the right front tire contacts the pavement edge. Then turn your steering wheel to go straight down the roadway.

OFF ROAD RECOVERY

OUARIER TURN

edge of paved surfact

c1

4-14

IL.4

--

-1

-c

PASSING The driver of a vehicle about to pass another on a two-lane highway waits for just the right moment, accelerates, moves around the vehicle ahead, then goes back into the right lane again. A simple maneuver? Not necessarily! Passing another vehicle on a two-lane highway is a potentially dangerous move, since the passing vehicle occupies the same lane as oncoming traffic for several seconds. A miscalculation, an error in judgment, or a brief surrender to frustration or anger can suddenly put the passing driver face to face with the worst of all traffic accidents -- the head-on collision. So here are some tips for passing:

“Drive ahead.” Look down the road, to the sides, and to crossroads for situations that might affect your passing patterns. If you have any doubt whatsoever about making a successful pass, wait for a better time. Watch for traffic signs, pavement markings, and lines. If you can see a sign up ahead that might indicate a turn or an intersection, delay your pass. A broken center line usually indicates it’s all right to pass (providing the road ahead is clear). Never cross a solid line on your side of the lane or a double solid line, even if the road seems empty of approaching traffic. Do not get too close to the vehic1.e you want to pass while you’re awaiting an opportunity. For one thing, following too closely reduces your area of vision, especially if you’re following a larger vehicle. Also, you won’t have adequate space if the vehicle ahead suddenly slows or stops. Keep back a reasonable distance.

4- 15

When it looks like a chance to pass is coming up, start to accelerate but stay in the right lane and don’t get too close. Time your move so you will be increasing speed as the time comes to move into the other lane. If the way is clear to pass, you will have a “running start” that more than makes up for the distance you would lose by dropping back. And if something happens to cause you to cancel your pass, you need only slow down and drop back again and wait for another opportunity. If other cars are lined up to pass a slow vehicle, wait your turn. But take care that someone isn’t trying to pass you as you pull out to pass the slow vehicle. Remember to glance over your shoulder and check the blind spot. Check your mirrors, glance over your shoulder, and start your left lane change signal before moving out of the right lane to pass. When you are far enough ahead of the passed vehicle to see its front in your inside mirror, activate your right lane change signal and move back into the right lane. (Remember that your right outside mirror is convex. The vehicle you just passed may seem to be farther away from you than it really is.) Try not to pass more than one vehicle at a time on two-lane roads. Reconsider before passing the next vehicle. Don’t overtake a slowly moving vehicle too rapidly. Even though the brake lights are not flashing, it may be slowing down or starting to turn.

0 If you’re being passed, make it easy for the following driver to get

ahead of you. Perhaps you can ease a little to the right.

4-1 6

- 4

.-

- - J

LOSS OF CONTROL Let’s review what driving experts say about what happens when the three control systems (brakes, steering and acceleration) don’t have enough friction where the tires meet the road to do what the driver has asked. In any emergency, don’t give up. Keep trying to steer and constantly seek an escape route or area of less danger. Skidding In a skid, a driver can lose control of the vehicle. Defensive drivers avoid most skids by taking reasonable care suited to existing conditions, and by not “overdriving” those conditions. But skids are always possible. The three types of skids correspond to your Cadillac’s three control systems. In the braking skid your wheels aren’t rolling. In the steering or cornering skid, too much speed or steering in a curve causes tires to slip and lose cornering force. And in the acceleration skid too much throttle causes the driving wheels to spin. A cornering skid is best handled by easing your foot off the accelerator pedal. Remember: Any traction control system helps avoid only the acceleration skid.

If your vehicle starts to slide, ease your foot off the accelerator pedal and quickly steer the way you want the vehicle to go. If you start steering quickly enough, your vehicle may straighten out. Always be ready for a second skid if it occurs. Of course, traction is reduced when water, snow, ice, gravel, or other material is on the road. For safety, you’ll want to slow down and adjust your driving to these conditions. It is important to slow down on slippery surfaces because stopping distance will be longer and vehicle control more limited. While driving on a surface with reduced traction, try your best to avoid sudden steering, acceleration, or braking (including engine braking by shifting to a lower gear). Any sudden changes could cause the tires to slide. You may not realize the surface is slippery until your vehicle is skidding. Learn to recognize warning clues -- such as enough water, ice or packed snow on the road to make a “mirrored surface” -- and slow down when you have any doubt. Remember: Any anti-lock brake system (ABS) helps avoid only the braking skid.

--

4-18

DRIPTNG AT NIGHT

h-

Night driving is more dangerous than day driving. One reason is that some drivers are likely to be impaired -- by alcohol or drugs, with night vision problems, or by fatigue. Here are some tips on night driving. 0 Drive defensively.

Don’t drink and drive. Adjust your inside rearview mirror to reduce the glare from headlamps behind you. Since you can’t see as well, you may need to slow down and keep more space between you and other vehicles. Slow down, especially on higher speed roads. Your headlamps can light up only so much road ahead. 0 In remote areas, watch for animals.

If you’re tired, pull off the road in a safe place and rest.

C I

c-

.--

).- J

Night Vision No one can see as well at night as in the daytime. But as we get older these differences increase. A 50-year-old driver may require at least twice as much light to see the same thing at night as a 20-year-old. What you do in the daytime can also affect your night vision. For example, if you spend the day in bright sunshine you are wise to wear sunglasses. Your eyes will have less trouble adjusting to night. But if you’re driving, don’t wear sunglasses at night. They may cut down on glare from headlamps, but they also make a lot of things invisible. You can be temporarily blinded by approaching lights. It can take a second or two, or even several seconds, for your eyes to readjust to the dark. When you are faced with severe glare (as from a driver who doesn’t lower the high beams, or a vehicle with misaimed headlamps), slow down a little. Avoid staring directly into the approaching Keep your windshield and all the glass on your vehicle clean -- inside and out. Glare at night is made much worse by dirt on the glass. Even the inside of the glass can build up a film caused by dust. Dirty glass makes lights dazzle and flash more than clean glass would, making the pupils of your eyes contract repeatedly. Remember that your headlamps light up far less of a roadway when you are in a turn or curve. Keep your eyes moving; that way, it’s easier to pick out dimly lighted objects. Just as your headlamps should be checked regularly for proper aim, so should your eyes be examined regularly. Some drivers suffer from night blindness -- the inability to see in dim light -- and aren’t even aware of it.

lights.

4-20

DRn/lNG IN THE MAT

w-

r--

Rain and wet roads can mean driving trouble. On a wet road you can’t stop, accelerate or turn as well because your tire-to-road traction isn’t as good as on dry roads. And, if your tires don’t have much tread left, you’ll get even less traction. It’s always wise to go slower and be cautious if rain starts to fall while you are driving. The surface may get wet suddenly when your reflexes are tuned for driving on dry pavement. The heavier the rain, the harder it is to see. Even if your windshield wiper blades are in good shape, a heavy rain can make it harder to see road signs and traffic signals, pavement markings, the edge of the road, and even people walking. It’s wise to keep your wiping equipment in good shape and keep your windshield washer tank filled. Replace your windshield wiper inserts when they show signs of streaking or missing areas on the windshield, or when strips of rubber start to separate from the

inserts.

4-21

Driving too fast through large water puddles or even going through some car washes can cause problems, too. The water may affect your brakes. Try to avoid puddles. But if you can’t, try to slow down before you hit them.

4-22

__

- ..

- -.

Hydroplaning Hydroplaning is dangerous. So much water can build up under your tires that they can actually ride on the water. This can happen if the road is wet enough and you’re going fast enough. When your vehicle is hydroplaning, it has little or no contact with the road. Hydroplaning doesn’t happen often. But it can if your tires haven’t much tread or if the pressure in one or more is low. It can happen if a lot of water is standing on the road. If you can see reflections from trees, telephone poles, or other vehicles, and raindrops “dimple” the water’s surface, there could be hydroplaning. Hydroplaning usually happens at higher speeds. There just isn’t a hard and fast rule about hydroplaning. The best advice is to slow down when it .is raining. Some Other Rainy Weather Tips

Turn on your low-beam headlamps -- not just your parking lamps -- to help make you more visible to others. Besides slowing down, allow some extra following distance. And be especially careful when you pass another vehicle. Allow yourself more clear room ahead, and be prepared to have your view restricted by road spray. Have good tires with proper tread depth. (See “Tires” in the Index.)

4-23

One of the biggest problems with city streets is the amount of traffic on them. You’ll want to watch out for what the other drivers are doing and pay attention to traffic signals. Here are ways to increase your safety in city driving:

Know the best way to get to where you are going. Get a city map and plan your trip into an unknown part of the city just as you would for a cross-country trip. Try to use the freeways that rim and crisscross most large cities. You’ll save time and energy. (See the next part, “Freeway Driving.”) Treat a green light as a warning signal. A traffic light is there because the corner is busy enough to need it. When a light turns green, and just before you start to move, check both ways for vehicles that have not cleared the intersection or may be running the red light.

2--

+ -

4-24

FREEWAY D M N G

Mile for mile, freeways (also called thruways, parkways, expressways, turnpikes, or superhighways) are the safest of all roads. But they have their own special rules. The most important advice on freeway driving is: Keep up with traffic and keep to the right. Drive at the same speed most of the other drivers are driving. Too-fast or too-slow driving breaks a smooth traffic flow. Treat the left lane on a freeway as a passing lane.

4-25

At the entrance there is usually a ramp that leads to the freeway. If you have a clear view of the freeway as you drive along the entrance ramp, you should begin to check traffic. Try to determine where you expect to blend with the flow. Try to merge into the gap at close to the prevailing speed. Switch on your turn signal, check your mirrors and glance over your shoulder as often as necessary. Try to blend smoothly with the traffic flow. Once you are on the freeway, adjust your speed to the posted limit or to the prevailing rate if it’s slower. Stay in the right lane unless you want to pass. Before changing lanes, check your mirrors. Then use your turn signal. Just before you leave the lane, glance quickly over your shoulder to make sure there isn’t another vehicle in your “blind” spot.

Once you are moving on the freeway, make certain you allow a reasonable -

C I

-.

following distance. Expect to move slightly slower at night. When you want to leave the freeway, move to the proper lane well in advance. If you miss your exit do not, under any circumstances, stop and back up. Drive on to the next exit. The exit ramp can be curved, sometimes quite sharply. The exit speed is usually posted. Reduce your speed according to your speedometer, not to your sense of motion. After driving for any distance at higher speeds, you may tend to think you are going slower than you actually are.

4-26

- - .-

_1

BEFORE LEAVTNG ONA LONG TRlP Make sure you’re ready. Try to be well rested. If you must start when you’re not fresh -- such as after a day’s work -- don’t plan to make too many miles that first part of the journey. Wear comfortable clothing and shoes you can easily drive in. Is your vehicle ready for a long trip? If you keep it serviced and maintained, it’s ready to go. If it needs service, have it done before starting out. Of course, you’ll find experienced and able service experts in Cadillac dealerships all across North America. They’ll be ready and willing to help if you need it. Here are some things you can check before a trip:

Windshield Washer Fluid: Is the reservoir full? Are all windows clean inside and outside? Wiper Blades: Are they in good shape? Fuel, Engine Oil, Other Fluids: Have you checked all levels? Lamps: Are they all working? Are the lenses clean? Tires: They are vitally important to a safe, trouble-free trip. Is the tread good enough for long-distance driving? Are the tires all inflated to the recommended pressure? Weather Forecasts: What’s the weather outlook along your route? Should you delay your trip a short time to avoid a major storm system? Maps: Do you have up-to-date maps?

HIGAWKAY HYPNOSIS Is there actually such a condition as “highway hypnosis”? Or is it just plain falling asleep at the wheel? Call it highway hypnosis, lack of awareness, or whatever. There is something about an easy stretch of road with the same scenery, along with the hum of the tires on the road, the drone of the engine, and the rush of the wind against the vehicle that can make you sleepy. Don’t let it happen to you! If it does, your vehicle can leave the road in less than a second, and you could crash and be injured. What can you do about highway hypnosis? First, be aware that it can happen. Then here are some tips:

Make sure your vehicle is well ventilated, with a comfortably cool interior. Keep your eyes moving. Scan the road ahead and to the sides. Check your rearview mirrors and your instruments frequently. If you get sleepy, pull off the road into a rest, service, or parking area and take a nap, get some exercise, or both. For safety, treat drowsiness on the highway as an emergency.

4-28

.--.

P

c1

HILL AND MOUNTMN ROADS

- Driving on steep hills or mountains is different from driving in flat or

r*

p-

rolling terrain. If you drive regularly in steep country, or if you're planning to visit there, here are some tips that can make your trips safer and more enjoyable. Keep your vehicle in good shape. Check all fluid levels and also the brakes, tires, cooling system and transaxle. These parts can work hard on mountain roads. Know how to go 'down hills. The most important thing to know is this: let your engine do some of the slowing down. Shift to a lower gear when you go down a steep or long hill.

,-

4-29

0

Know how to go uphill. You may want to shift down to a lower gear. The lower gears help cool your engine and transaxle, and you can climb the hill better. Stay in your own lane when driving on two-lane roads in hills or mountains. Don’t swing wide or cut across the center of the road. Drive at speeds that let you stay in your own lane. As you go over the top of a hill, be alert. There could be something in your lane, like a stalled car or an accident. You may see highway signs on mountains that warn of special problems. Examples are long grades, passing or no-passing zones, a falling rocks area, or winding roads. Be alert to these and take appropriate action.

4-30

WINTER D m N G

L-

Here are some tips for winter driving: 0 Have your Cadillac in good shape for winter. Be sure your engine

coolant mix is correct.

0 You may want to put winter emergency supplies in your trunk.

4-3 1

I

Include an ice scraper, a small brush or broom, a supply of windshield flashlight, a red cloth, and a couple of reflective warning triangles. And, if - washer fluid, a rag, some winter outer clothing, a small shovel, a you will be driving under severe conditions, include a small bag of sand, a piece of old carpet or a couple of burlap bags to help provide traction. Be .__ - sure you properly secure these items in your vehicle.

4-32

Driving on Snow or Ice Most of the time, those places where your tires meet the road probably have good traction. However, if there is snow or ice between your tires and the road, you can have a very slippery situation. You’ll have a lot less traction or “grip” and will need to be very careful.

_ %

What’s the worst time for this? “Wet ice.” Very cold snow or ice can be slick and hard to drive on. But wet ice can be even more trouble because it may offer the least traction of all. You can get “wet ice” when it’s about freezing (32°F; 0” C) and freezing rain begins to fall. Try to avoid driving on wet ice until salt and sand crews can get there.

4-33

Whatever the condition -- smooth ice, packed, blowing or loose snow -- drive with caution. Your traction control system improves your ability to accelerate when driving on a slippery road. Even though your vehicle has a traction control system, you’ll want to slow down and adjust your driving to the road conditions. See “Traction Control System” in the Index. Your anti-lock brakes improve your ability to make a hard stop on a slippery road. Even though you have the anti-lock braking system, you’ll want to begin stopping sooner than you would on dry pavement. See “Anti-Lock” in the Index.

Allow greater following distance on any slippery road. Watch for slippery spots. The road might be fine until you hit a spot that’s covered with ice. On an otherwise clear road, ice patches may appear in shaded areas where the sun can’t reach: around clumps of trees, behind buildings, or under bridges. Sometimes the surface of a curve or an overpass may remain icy when the surrounding roads are clear. If you see a patch of ice ahead of you, brake before you are on it. Try not to brake while you’re actually on the ice, and avoid sudden steering maneuvers.

c-

c-

4-34

-~ -_ If You’re Caught in a Blizzard

If you are stopped by heavy snow, you could be in a serious situation. You should probably stay with your vehicle unless you know for sure that you are near help and you can hike through the snow. Here are some things to do to summon help and keep yourself and your passengers safe: Turn on your hazard flashers. Tie a red cloth to your vehicle to alert police that you’ve been stopped by the snow. Put on extra clothing or wrap a blanket around you. If you have no blankets or extra clothing, make body insulators from newspapers, burlap bags, rags, floor mats -- anything you can wrap around yourself or tuck under your clothing to keep warm. You can run the engine to keep warm, but be careful.

~~

~~

4-35

Run your engine only as long as you must. This saves fuel. When you run the engine, make it go a little faster than just idle. That is, push the accelerator slightly. This uses less fuel for the heat that you get and it keeps the battery charged. You will need a well-charged battery to restart the vehicle, and possibly for signaling later on with your headlamps. Let the heater run for awhile.

4-36

Then, shut the engine off and close the window almost all the way to preserve the heat. Start the engine again and repeat this only when you feel really uncomfortable from the cold. But do it as little as possible. Preserve the fuel as long as you can. To help keep warm, you can get out of the vehicle and do some fairly vigorous exercises every half hour or so until help comes. LOADING YOUR VEHICLE

TIRE-LOADING INFORMATION

OCCUPANTS

VEHICLE CAP. WT. RR. TOTAL LBS.

KG

FRT. CTR.

MAX. LOADING & GVWR SAME AS VEHICLE CAPACITY WEIGHT XXX COLD TIRE

TIRE SIZE

SPEED PRESSURE RTG

PSVKPa

F RT. RR. SPA. IF TIRES ARE HOT. ADD 4PSV28KPa SEE OWNER'S MANUAL FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

GEN GME 1

-- -

Two labels on your vehicle show how much weight it may properly carry. The Tire-Loading Information label found on the driver's door tells you the proper size, speed rating and recommended inflation pressures for the tires on your vehicle. It also gives you important information about the number of people that can be in your vehicle and the total weight that you can carry. This weight is called the Vehicle Capacity Weight and includes the weight of all occupants, cargo, and all options not installed in the factory.

4-37

MFD BY GENERAL MOTORS CORP DATE GVWR GAWR

FRT GAWR RR

THIS VEHICLE CONFORMS TO ALL APPLI- CABLE U.S. FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY, BUMPER, AND THEFT PREVEN- IN EFFECT ON THE TION STANDARDS DATE OF MANUFACTURE SHOWN ABOVE.

The other label is the Certification label, found on the rear edge of the driver’s door. It tells you the gross weight capacity of your vehicle, called the GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating). The GVWR includes the weight of the vehicle, all occupants, fuel and cargo. Never exceed the GVWR for your vehicle, or the Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) for either the front or rear axle. And, if you do have a heavy load, you should spread it out. Don’t carry more than 176 pounds (80 kg) in your trunk.

c3

4-38

_u

NOTICE: Your warranty does not cover parts or components that fail because of overloading.

If you put things inside your vehicle -- like suitcases, tools, packages, or anything else -- they will go as fast as the vehicle goes. If you have to stop or turn quickly, or if there is a crash, they’ll keep going.

4-39

TOWING A T M L E R

c-

c -

NOTICE: Pulling a trailer improperly can damage your vehicle and result in costly repairs not covered by your warranty. To pull a trailer correctly, follow the advice in this part, and see your Cadillac dealer for important information about towing a trailer with your vehicle.

To identify what the vehicle trailering capacity is for your vehicle, you should read the information in “Weight of the Trailer” that appears later in this section. But trailering is different than just driving your vehicle by itself. Trailering means changes in handling, durability, and fuel economy. Successful, safe trailering takes correct equipment, and it has to be used properly. That’s the reason for this part. In it are many time-tested, important trailering tips and safety rules. Many of these are important for your safety and that of your passengers. So please read this section carefully before you pull a trailer.

4-40

Load-pulling components such as the engine, transaxle, wheel assemblies, and tires are forced to work harder against the drag of the added weight. The engine is required to operate at relatively higher speeds and under greater loads, generating extra heat. What’s more, the trailer adds considerably to wind resistance, increasing the pulling requirements. If You Do Decide To Pull A mailer If you do, here are some important points. 0 There are many different laws, including speed limit restrictions,

having to do with trailering. Make sure your rig will be legal, not only where you live but also where you’ll be driving. A good source for this information can be state or provincial police. Consider using a sway control.

You can ask a hitch dealer about sway controls. 0 Don’t tow a trailer at all during the first 1,000 miles (1 600 km) your

new vehicle is driven. Your engine, axle or other parts could be damaged. Then, during the first 500 miles (800 km) that you tow a trailer, don’t drive over 50 mph (80 km/h) and don’t make starts at full throttle. This helps your engine and other parts of your vehicle wear in at the heavier loads.

0 Obey speed limit restrictions when towing a trailer. Don’t drive faster than the maximum posted speed for trailers (or no more than 55 mph (90 km/h)) to save wear on your vehicle’s parts.

4-4 1

Three important considerations have to do with weight: Weight of the Trailer How heavy can a trailer safely be? It should never weigh more than 1,000 pounds (450 kg) total, including the load. But even that can be too heavy. It depends on how you plan to use your rig. For example, speed, altitude, road grades, outside temperature and how much your vehicle is used to pull a trailer are all important. And, it can also depend on any special equipment that you have on your vehicle. You can ask your dealer for our trailering information or advice, or you can write us at Cadillac Consumer Relations Center, Cadillac Motor Car Division, 30009 Van Dyke, EO. Box 9025, Warren, MI 48090-9025. In Canada, write to General Motors of Canada Limited, Customer Assistance Center, 1908 Colonel Sam Drive, Oshawa, Ontario L1H 8P7. Weight of the Trailer Tongue The tongue load (A) of any trailer is an important weight to measure because it affects the total capacity weight of your vehicle. The capacity weight includes the curb weight of the vehicle, any cargo you may carry in it, and the people who will be riding in the vehicle. And if you will tow a trailer, you must subtract the tongue load from your vehicle’s capacity weight because your vehicle will be carrying that weight, too. See “Loading Your Vehicle” in the Index for more information about your vehicle’s maximum load capacity.

Ic-r

4-42

-

--_

If you’re using a “dead-weight” hitch, the trailer tongue (A) should weigh 10% of the total loaded trailer weight (B). If you have a “weight-distributing” hitch, the trailer tongue (A) should weigh 12% of the total loaded trailer weight (B). After you’ve loaded your trailer, weigh the trailer and then the tongue, separately, to see if the weights are proper. If they aren’t, you may be able to get them right simply by moving some items around in the trailer. Total Weight on Your khicle’s Tires Be sure your vehicle’s tires are inflated to the recommended pressure for cold tires. You’ll find these numbers on the Certification label at the rear edge of the driver’s door or see “Loading Your Vehicle” in the Index. Then be sure you don’t go over the GVW limit for your vehicle, including the weight of the trailer tongue.

4-43

It’s important to have the correct hitch equipment. Crosswinds, large trucks going by, and rough roads are a few reasons why you’ll need the right hitch. Here are some rules to follow:

Will you have to make any holes in the body of your vehicle when you install a trailer hitch? If you do, then be sure to seal the holes later when you remove the hitch. If you don’t seal them, deadly carbon monoxide (CO) from your exhaust can get into your vehicle (see “Carbon Monoxide’’ in the Index). Dirt and water can, too. The bumpers on your vehicle are not intended for hitches. Do not attach rental hitches or other bumper-type hitches to them. Use only a frame-mounted hitch that does not attach to the bumper.

Safety Chains You should always attach chains between your vehicle and your trailer. Cross the safety chains under the tongue of the trailer so that the tongue will not drop to the road if it becomes separated from the hitch. Instructions about safety chains may be provided by the hitch manufacturer or by the trailer manufacturer. Follow the manufacturer’s recommendation for attaching safety chains and do not attach them to the bumper. Always leave just enough slack so you can turn with your rig. And, never allow safety chains to drag on the ground. Trailer Brakes Because you have anti-lock brakes, don’t try to tap into your vehicle’s hydraulic brake system. If you do, both brake systems won’t work well, or at all. Be sure to read and follow the instructions for the trailer brakes so you’ll be able to install, adjust and maintain them properly.

L . 4

.-c.

4-44

- Driving with a Trailer

Towing a trailer requires a certain amount of experience. Before setting out for the open road, you’ll want to get to know your rig. Acquaint - yourself with the feel of handling and braking with the added weight of the trailer. And always keep in mind that the vehicle you are driving is now a good deal longer and not nearly as responsive as your vehicle is by itself. Before you start, check the trailer hitch and platform (and attachments), safety chains, electrical connector, lights, tires and mirror adjustment. If the trailer has electric brakes, start your vehicle and trailer moving and then apply the trailer brake controller by hand to be sure the brakes are working. This lets you check your electrical connection at the same time. During your trip, check occasionally to be sure that the that the lights and any trailer brakes are still working. Following Distance Stay at least twice as far behind the vehicle ahead as you would when driving your vehicle without a trailer. This can help you avoid situations that require heavy braking and sudden turns.

load is secure, and

You’ll need more passing distance up ahead when you’re towing a trailer. And, because you’re a good deal longer, you’ll need to go much farther beyond the passed vehicle before you can return to your lane. Backing Up Hold the bottom of the steering wheel with one hand. Then, to move the trailer to the left, just move that hand to the left. To move the trailer to the right, move your hand to the right. Always back up slowly and, if possible, have someone guide you.

4-45

Making Turns

NOTICE: Making very sharp turns while trailering could cause the trailer to come in contact with the vehicle. Your vehicle could be damaged. Avoid making very sharp turns while trailering.

When you’re turning with a trailer, make wider turns than normal. Do this

so your trailer won’t strike soft shoulders, curbs, road signs, trees, or other -

objects. Avoid jerky or sudden maneuvers. Signal well in advance. Turn Signals When Towing a Trailer When you tow a trailer, your vehicle has to have a different turn signal flasher and extra wiring. The green arrows on your instrument panel will flash whenever you signal a turn or lane change. Properly hooked up, the trailer lamps will also flash, telling other drivers you’re about to turn, change lanes or stop. When towing a trailer, the green arrows on your instrument panel will flash for turns even if the bulbs on the trailer are burned out. Thus, you may think drivers behind you are seeing your signal when they are not. It’s important to check occasionally to be sure the trailer bulbs are still working. Driving On Grades Reduce speed and shift to a lower gear before you start down a long or steep downgrade. If you don’t shift down, you might have to use your brakes so much that they would get hot and no longer work well.

4-46

__

Parking on Hills You really should not park your vehicle, with a trailer attached, on a hill. If something goes wrong, your rig could start to move. People can be injured, and both your vehicle and the trailer can be damaged. But if you ever have to park your rig on a hill, here’s how to do it: 0 Apply your regular brakes, but do not shift into PARK (P). 0 Have someone place chocks under the trailer wheels. 0 When the wheel chocks are in place, release the regular brakes until

the chocks absorb the load.

0 Reapply the regular brakes. Then shift into PARK (P) firmly and apply

your parking brake. Release the regular brakes.

When You Are Ready to Leave Afier Parking on a Hill 1. Apply your regular brakes and hold the pedal down while you:

Start your engine;

0 Shift into a gear; and 0 Be sure the parking brake has released.

2. Let up on the brake pedal. 3. Drive slowly until the trailer is clear of the chocks. 4. Stop and have someone pick up and store the chocks.

4-47

--

Adahtenance When Trailer Towing Your vehicle will need service more often when you're pulling a trailer. See the Maintenance Schedule for more on this. Things that are especially important in trailer operation are automatic transaxle fluid (don't overfill), engine oil, belt, cooling system, and brake adjustment. Each of these is covered in this manual, and the Index will help you find them quickly. If you're trailering, it's a good idea to review these sections before you start your trip. Check periodically to see that all hitch nuts and bolts are tight. Engine Coding When Trailering Your cooling system may temporarily overheat during severe operating conditions such as:

Climbing grades steeper than 4% at ambient temperatures above 90°F (32" C) with a loaded vehicle and trailer. Stopping after high-speed driving. Idling for long periods in stop-and-go traffic.

If the ENGINE HOT-A/C COMPRESSOR OFF message appears on the Driver Information Center, do not be alarmed. This is a normal function designed to reduce the load on the engine and cooling system. You can continue to drive your vehicle. If the ENGINE COOLANT HOT-IDLE ENGINE message appears on the Driver Information Center, pull off to the side of the road as soon as it is safe to do so. When the vehicle is at a complete stop, shift the transaxle selector to PARK (P) and allow the engine to idle. Do not turn off the engine or increase engine speed above a normal idle. After several minutes, resume driving at a reduced speed. Return to normal driving after 10 minutes if the ENGINE COOLANT HOT-IDLE ENGINE message is not displayed.

4-48

I

PROBLEMS ON THE ROAD Here you'll find what to do about some problems that can occur on the road. HAZARD W N I N G FLASHERS

Your hazard warning flashers let you warn others. They also let police know you have a problem. Your front and rear turn signal lamps will flash on

and

off.

5-1

Press the button in to make your front and rear turn signal lamps flash on and off.

One of these lights on your instrument panel will flash indicating that the hazard warning flashers are on.

HAZARD A

t* . -

c--

Your hazard warning flashers will work once the button is pressed in regardless of the key position.

5-2

OTHER W M I N G DEWCES If you carry reflective triangles, you can set one up at the side of the road about 300 feet (100 m) behind your vehicle.

5-3

JUMP STARTING If your battery has run down, you may want to use another vehicle and some jumper cables to start your Cadillac. Please follow the steps below to do it safely.

IC-

NOTICE: Ignoring these steps could result in costly damage to your vehicle that wouldn’t be covered by your warranty. w i n g to start your Cadillac by pushing or pulling it won’t work and it could damage your vehicle.

c-

5-4

TO JUMP START YOUR CADILLAC 1. Check the other vehicle. It must have a 12-volt battery with a negative

ground system.

NOTICE: If the other system isn’t a 12-volt system with a negative ground, both vehicles can be damaged.

2. Get the vehicles close enough so the jumper cables can reach, but be sure the vehicles aren’t touching each other. If they are, it could cause a ground connection you don’t want. You wouldn’t be able to start your Cadillac and the bad grounding could damage the electrical systems.

3. Turn off the ignition on both vehicles. Turn off all lamps that aren’t

needed and radios. This will avoid sparks and help save both batteries, as well as avoid damage to any of the accessories.

4. Open the hoods and locate the batteries.

Find the positive (+) and negative (-) terminals on each battery.

5 -5

5. Start by removing the red positive (+) terminal cover.

5-6

6. Check that the jumper cables don’t have loose or missing insulation. If

they do, you could get a shock. The vehicles could also be damaged. Before you connect the cables, here are some things you should know. Positive (+ ) will go to positive (+) and negative (-) will go to negative (-) or a metal engine part. Don’t connect positive (+) to negative (-) or you’ll get a short that would damage the battery and maybe other parts, too.

7. Connect the red positive (+) cable to the positive (+) terminal of the

vehicle with the dead battery.

8. Don’t let the other end of the positive cable touch metal. Connect it to

the positive (+ ) terminal of the good battery.

9. Now connect the black negative (-) cable to the good battery’s negative

(-) terminal.

5-7

10. Don’t let the other end of the negative cable touch anything until the next step. The other end of the negative cable doesn’t go to the dead battery. It goes to a heavy unpainted metal part on the engine of the vehicle with the dead battery. Attach the cable at least 18 inches (45 cm) away from the dead battery, but not near engine parts that move. The electrical connection is just as good there, but the chance of sparks getting back to

battery is much less.

the

11. Now start the vehicle with the good battery and run the engine for

awhile.

12. Try to start the vehicle with the dead battery.

If it won’t start after a few tries, it probably needs service.

5-8

13. Remove the cables in reverse order to prevent electrical shorting.

Take care that they don’t touch each other or any other metal.

5-9

TOWING YOUR VEHICLE Try to have a GM dealer or a professional towing service tow your Cadillac. The usual towing equipment is:

A.

Sling Type

B.

Wheel Lift

C.

Car Carrier

If your vehicle has been changed or modified since it was factory-new by aftermarket items like fog lamps, aero skirting or special tires and adding these instructions and illustrations may not be correct. wheels, Before you do anything, turn on the hazard warning flashers. When you call, tell the towing service: 0 That your vehicle cannot be towed from the front or rear with

sling-type equipment.

0 That your vehicle has front-wheel drive.

The make, model and year of your vehicle. Whether you can still move the shift lever. If there was an accident, what was damaged.

5-10

f

When the towing service arrives, let the tow operator know that this manual contains detailed towing instructions and illustrations. The operator may want to see them.

When your vehicle is being towed, have the ignition key off. The steering wheel should be clamped in a straight-ahead position, with a clamping device designed for towing service. Do not use the vehicle's steering column lock for this. The transaxle should be in NEUTRAL (N) and the parking brake released.

!,

5-1 1

Don’t have your vehicle towed on the front wheels, unless you must. If the vehicle must be towed on the front wheels, don’t go more than 35 mph (56 kmih) or farther than 25 miles (40 km) or your transaxle will be damaged. If these limits must be exceeded, then the front wheels have to be supported on a dolly.

6 - 4

ENGINE OVERHEATING The Driver Information Center will display either ENGINE COOLANT HOT-IDLE ENGINE or STOP ENGINE ENGINE OVERHEATING. In addition you will find the warning light about a hot engine on your instrument panel on Canadian vehicles. Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode Should a low coolant condition exist and the message STOP ENGINE ENGINE OVERHEATING is displayed, an overheat protection mode which alternates firing groups of four cylinders helps prevent engine damage. This operating mode allows your vehicle to be driven to a safe place in an emergency; you may drive up to 50 miles (80 km). Towing a trailer in the overheat protection mode should be avoided.

5-12

NOTICE: After driving in the “Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode,” to avoid engine damage, allow the engine to cool before attempting any repair. The engine oil may be severely degraded. Change the oil and reset the oil life indicator. See “Engine Oil, When to Change” in the Index.

- If Steam Is Coming From Your Engine

f--

5-13

NOTICE: If your engine catches fire because you keep driving with no coolant, your vehicle can be badly damaged. The costly repairs would not be covered by your warranty. See “Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode” in the Index.

I - I ‘

lj?Nu Steam Is Coming From Your Engine If you get the overheat warning but see or hear no steam, the problem may not be too serious. Sometimes the engine can get a little too hot when you: 0 Climb a long hill on a hot day. Stop after high speed driving. Idle for long periods in traffic.

0 Tow a trailer. If you get the overheat warning with no sign of steam, try this for a minute or so: 1. Turn off your air conditioner. 2. Dial temperature control to the highest heat setting and open the

window, as necessary.

3. If you’re in a traffic jam, shift to NEUTRAL (N); otherwise, shift to

the highest gear while driving -- AUTOMATIC OVERDRIVE (@) or THIRD (3).

If you no longer have the overheat warning, you can drive. Just to be safe, drive slower for about 10 minutes. If the warning doesn’t come back on, you can drive normally. If the warning continues, pull over, stop, and park your vehicle right away. If there’s still no sign of steam, you can idle the engine for two or three minutes while you’re parked, to see if the warning stops. But then, if you still have the warning, turn ofithe engine and get everyone out of the vehicle until it cools down. Also see “Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode” listed previously in this section. You may decide not to lift the hood but to get service help right away.

c4

5-14

,-

- COOLING SYSTEM

- When you decide it’s safe to lift the hood, here’s what you’ll see: - B. Electric engine fans.

A. Coolant surge tank with pressure cap.

5-15

13

If the coolant inside the coolant surge tank is boiling, don’t do anything else until it cools down. The coolant level should be visible inside the surge tank once the cap has been removed. If it isn’t, you may have a leak in the radiator hoses, heater hoses, radiator, water pump or somewhere else in the cooling system.

I NOTICE:

I R

Engine damage if you keep running your engine without coolant isn’t covered by your warranty. See “Overheated Engine Protection Operating Mode” in the Index.

If there seems to be no leak, with the engine on check to see if the electric engine fans are running. If the engine is overheating, both fans should be running. If they aren’t, your vehicle needs service.

5- 16

-- How to Add Coolant to the Coolant Surge Tank

If you haven’t found a problem yet, but the coolant level isn’t at a visible level within the surge tank, add a 50/50 mixture of clean water (preferably

- distilled) and a proper antifreeze at the coolant surge tank, but be sure is cool

the cooling system, including the coolant surge tank pressure cap, before you do it. (See “Engine Coolant” in the Index for more information about the proper coolant mix.)

5-17

I

NOTICE: In cold weather, water can freeze and crack the engine, radiator, heater core and other parts. So use the recommended coolant.

--

1. You can remove the coolant surge tank pressure cap when the cooling system, including the coolant surge tank pressure cap and upper radiator hose, is no longer hot.

Turn the pressure cap slowly to the left until it first stops. (Don't press down while turning the pressure cap.) If you hear a hiss, wait for that to stop. A hiss means there is still some pressure left.

2. Then keep turning

the cap, but now push down as you turn it. Remove the pressure cap.

5-1 9

I 3. Then fill the

coolant surge tank with the proper mix, up to the base of the filler neck.

p_

4. With the coolant

surge tank pressure cap off, start the engine and let it run until you can feel the upper radiator hose getting hot. Watch out for the engine fans.

By this time, the coolant level inside the coolant surge tank may be lower. -- If the level is lower, add more of the proper mix to the coolant surge tank until the level reaches about two and a half inches (60 mm) below the base of the filler neck.

5-20

5. Then replace the pressure cap. Be sure the arrows on the pressure cap line up like this.

Start the engine and allow it to warm up. If the ENGINE COOLANT LOW message does not appear on the Driver Information Center, coolant is at the proper fill level. If an ENGINE COOLANT LOW message does appear, repeat steps 1 to 3 or see your dealer. IFA TIRE GOES FLAT It’s unusual for a tire to “blow out” while you’re driving, especially if you maintain your tires properly. If air goes out of a tire, it’s much more likely to leak out slowly. But if you should ever have a “blowout,” here are a few tips about what to expect and what to do: If a front tire fails, the flat tire will create a drag that pulls the vehicle toward that side. Take your foot off the accelerator pedal and grip the steering wheel firmly. Steer to maintain lane position, then gently brake to a stop well out of the traffic lane. A rear blowout, particularly on a curve, acts much like a skid and may require the same correction you’d use in a skid. In any rear blowout, remove your foot from the accelerator pedal. Get the vehicle under control by steering the way you want the vehicle to go. It may be very bumpy and noisy, but you can still steer. Gently brake to a stop, well off the road if possible. If a tire goes flat, the next part shows how to use your jacking equipment to change a flat tire safely.

5-2 1

C . G I N G A FLAT TIRE If a tire goes flat, avoid further tire and wheel damage by driving slowly to a level place. Turn on your hazard warning flashers.

The following steps will tell you how to use the jack and change a tire.

5-22

1. The equipment

you’ll need is in the trunk under the spare tire cover. Rotate the plastic wing nut and remove the cover.

2. Remove the wing

nut that secures the jack and wheel wrench and remove them from the trunk.

5-23

3. Attach the wheel wrench to the jack bolt and rotate it clockwise. That will raise the lift head a little.

5-24

I

4. There is a center

wheel cover on your aluminum wheel. I Use the flat end of the wheel wrench, prying along the edge of this cover until it comes off. Be careful not to scratch the aluminum wheel edge. Don't try to remove it with your hands.

5. Using the wheel

wrench, loosen all the wheel nuts. Do not remove them yet.

5 -25

6. Position the jack under the vehicle. Your vehicle has a notch on the frame near each of the wheels (A Front and B Rear). Fit the lift head into the notch nearest the wheel with the flat tire.

5-26

7. Raise the vehicle by rotating the wheel wrench clockwise. Raise the vehicle high enough off the ground so the tire can be removed.

1 8. Remove allof the

wheel nuts and take off the flat tire.

9. Remove any rust or dirt from the wheel bolts, mounting surfaces

and spare wheel. -

Place the spare on the wheel mounting surface.

.-a

--

5-28

r -

--

P - -

7 10. Replace the wheel

nuts with the rounded end of the nuts toward the wheel. Tighten each nut by hand until the wheel is held against the hub.

11. Lower the vehicle

by rotating the wheel wrench counterclockwise. Lower the jack completely.

5-29

12. Tighten the wheel

nuts firmly in a criss-cross sequence as shown.

c-

&I

C - L

Don’t try to put a wheel cover on your compact spare tire. It won’t fit. Store the wheel cover in the trunk until you have the flat tire repaired or replaced.

NOTICE: Wheel covers won’t fit on your compact spare. If you try to put a wheel cover on your compact spare, you could damage the cover or the spare.

5-30

COMPACT SPARE TIRE Although the compact spare was fully inflated when your vehicle was new, it can lose air after a time. Check the inflation pressure regularly. It should be 60 psi (420 kPa). After installing the compact spare on your vehicle, you should stop as soon as possible and make sure your spare tire is correctly inflated. The compact spare is made to perform well at posted speed limits for distances up to 3,000 miles (5 000 km), so you can finish your trip and have your full-size tire repaired or replaced where you want. Of course, it’s best to replace your spare with a full-size tire as soon as you can. Your spare will last longer and be in good shape in case you need it again.

1 NOTICE:

Don’t take your compact spare through an automatic car wash with guide rails. The compact spare can get caught on the rails. That can damage the tire and wheel, and maybe other parts of your vehicle.

Don’t use your compact spare on some other vehicle. And don’t mix your compact spare or wheel with other wheels or tires. They won’t fit. Keep your spare and its wheel together.

NOTICE: Tire chains won’t fit your compact spare. Using them will damage your vehicle and destroy the chains too. Don’t use tire chains on your compact spare.

5-3 1

IF YOU’RE STUCK: IN SAND, MUD, ICE OR SNOW What you don’t want to do when your vehicle is stuck is to spin your wheels too fast. The method known as “rocking” can help you get out when you’re stuck, but you must use caution.

NOTICE: Spinning your wheels can destroy parts of your vehicle as well as the tires. If you spin the wheels too fast while shifting your transaxle back and forth, you can destroy your transaxle.

For information about using tire chains on your vehicle, see “Tire Chains” in the Index. Rocking your vehicle to get it out: First, turn your steering wheel left and right. That will clear the area around your front wheels. Then shift back and forth between REVERSE (R) and a forward gear, spinning the wheels as little as possible. Release the accelerator pedal while you shift, and press lightly on the accelerator pedal when the transaxle is in gear. If that doesn’t get you out after a few tries, you may need to be towed out. If you do need to be towed out, see “Towing Your Vehicle” in the Index.

5-32

Lu

SERVICE AND APPEARANCE CARE Here you will find information about the care of your Cadillac. This section begins with service and fuel information, and then it shows how to check important fluid and lubricant levels. There is also technical information about your vehicle, and a part devoted to its appearance care. SERWCE Your Cadillac dealer knows your vehicle best and wants you to be happy with it. We hope you’ll go to your dealer for all your service needs. You’ll get genuine GM parts and GM-trained and supported service people. We hope you’ll want to keep your GM vehicle all GM. Genuine GM parts have one of these marks:

Delco

6-1

Doing Your Own Service Work If you want to do some of your own service work, you’ll want to get the proper Cadillac Service Manual. It tells you much more about how to service your Cadillac than this manual can. To order the proper service manual, see “Service Publications” in the Index. Your vehicle has an air bag system. Before attempting to do your own service work, see “Servicing Your Air Bag-Equipped Cadillac” in the Index. You should keep a record with all parts receipts and list the mileage and the date of any service work you perform. See “Maintenance Record” in the Index.

NOTICE: If you try to do your own service work without knowing enough about it, your vehicle could be damaged.

c-

6-2

- _ -

FUEL Use premium unleaded gasoline rated at 91 octane or higher. It should meet specifications ASTM D4814 in the United States and CGSB 3.5-92 in Canada. These fuels should have the proper additives, so you should not have to add anything to the fuel. In the United States and Canada, it’s easy to be sure you get the right kind of gasoline (unleaded). You’ll see UNLEADED right on the pump. And only unleaded nozzles will fit into your vehicle’s filler neck. Be sure the posted octane is at least 91. If the octane is less than 91, you may get a heavy knocking noise when you drive. (In an emergency, you may be able to use lower octane -- as low as 87 -- if heavy knocking does not occur.) If you’re using 91 or higher octane unleaded gas and you still get heavy knocking, your engine needs service. What about gasoline with blending materials that contain oxygen (oxygenates), such as MTBE or alcohol? MTBE is “methyl tertiary-butyl ether.” Fuel that is no more than 15% MTBE is fine for your vehicle. Ethanol is ethyl or grain alcohol. Properly-blended fuel that is no more than 10% ethanol is fine for your vehicle. Methanol is methyl or wood alcohol.

I NOTICE:

Fuel that is more than 5% methanol is bad for your vehicle. Don’t use it. It can corrode metal parts in your fuel system and also damage plastic and rubber parts. That damage wouldn’t be covered under your warranty. And even at 5% or less, there must be “cosolvents” and corrosion preventers in this fuel to help avoid these problems.

6-3

Gasolines for Cleaner Air Your use of gasoline with deposit control additives will help prevent deposits from forming in your engine and fuel system. That helps keep your engine in tune and your emission control system working properly. It’s good for your vehicle, and you’ll be doing your part for cleaner air. Many gasolines are now blended with oxygenates. General Motors recommends that you use gasolines with these blending materials, such as MTBE and ethanol. By doing so, you can help clean the air, especially in those parts of the country that have high carbon monoxide levels. In addition, some gasoline suppliers are now producing reformulated gasolines. These gasolines are specially designed to reduce vehicle emissions. General Motors recommends that you use reformulated gasoline. By doing so, you can help clean the air, especially in those parts of the country that have high ozone levels. You should ask your service station operators if their gasolines contain deposit control additives and oxygenates, and if they have been reformulated to reduce vehicle emissions. FUELS IN FOREIGN COUNTMES If you plan on driving in another country outside the U.S. or Canada, unleaded fuel may be hard to find. Do not use leaded gasoline. If you use even one tankful, your emission controls won’t work well or at all. With continuous use, spark plugs can get fouled, the exhaust system can corrode, and your engine oil can deteriorate quickly. Your vehicle’s oxygen sensor will be damaged. All of that means costly repairs that wouldn’t be covered by your warranty. To check on fuel availability, ask an auto club, or contact a major oil company that does business in the country where you’ll be driving. You can also write us at the following address for advice. Just tell us where you’re going and give your Vehicle Identification Number (VIN).

General Motors Overseas Distribution Corporation, North American Export Sales (NAES) 1908 Colonel Sam Drive Oshawa, Ontario L1H 8P7

6-4

FILLING YOUR TANK

c _ _

The cap is behind a hinged door on the driver’s side of your vehicle.

6-5

The release button is in the glove box.

Or you can use the manual door release override on the left side of the trunk

L-

6-6

P

While refueling, hang the cap inside the fuel door.

To take off the cap, turn it slowly to the left (counterclockwise).

Be careful not to spill gasoline. Clean gasoline from painted surfaces as soon as possible. See “Cleaning the Outside of Your Cadillac” in the Index. When you put the cap back on, turn it to the right until you hear at least three clicks.

NOTICE: If you need a new cap, be sure to get the right type. Your dealer can get one for you. If you get the wrong type, it may not fit or have proper venting, and your fuel tank and emissions system might be damaged.

-,

6-7

CHECKING THINGS UNDER THE HOOD

,- -

Hood Release

6-8

Then go to the front of the vehicle and lift the secondary hood release to open the hood.

Fluid Usage Label The fluid usage label is a color coded label identifying the various fluids used in your vehicle. Colors represented on the label match the lettering or handle color of the fluid you want to check.

GREEN: Engine Coolant ORANGE: Power Steering Fluid

0 YELLOW. Engine Oil

RED: Transmission Fluid WHITE: Brake Fluid 0 BLUE: Washer Fluid

P--+

6-9

ENGINE OIL A CHECK OIL LEVEL message will appear when the engine oil is approximately a quart low. If the message is displayed, check the dipstick level and add oil as needed. It’s a good idea to check your engine oil every time you get fuel. In order to get an accurate reading, the oil must be warm and the vehicle must be on level ground.

c1

c-

--

Turn off the engine and give the oil a few minutes to drain back into the oil pan. If you don’t, the oil dipstick might not show the actual level.

6-10

rcT To Check Engine Oil

Pull out the dipstick and clean it with a paper towel or cloth, then push it back in all the way. Remove it again, keeping the tip down, and check the

r level.

,- Wiben to Add Oil

If ,the oil is at or below the ADD line, then you’ll need to add some oil.

For crankcase capacity, see “Capacities and Specifications” in the Index.

- But you must use the right kind. This part explains what kind of oil to use. - oil level gets above the upper mark that shows the proper

Don’t add too much oil. If your engine has so much oil that the

operating range, your engine could be damaged.

I

To remove, turn the fill cap counterclockwise.

oil

L-5

Just fill it enough to put the level somewhere in the proper operating range. Push the dipstick all the way back in when you’re through. What Kind of Oil to Use Oils of the proper quality for your vehicle can be identified by looking for the “Starburst” symbol. The “Starburst” symbol indicates that the oil has been certified by the American Petroleum Institute (API), and is preferred for use in your gasoline engine.